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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the racehorse, see <a href="/wiki/Timoleon_(horse)" title="Timoleon (horse)">Timoleon (horse)</a>. For the South Australian journalist, see <a href="/wiki/David_Gordon_(Australian_politician)" title="David Gordon (Australian politician)">David Gordon (Australian politician)</a>.</div> <p><b>Timoleon</b> (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Greek</a>: <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%89%CE%BD" class="extiw" title="wikt:Τιμολέων">Τιμολέων</a>), son of Timodemus, of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Corinth" title="Ancient Corinth">Corinth</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 411</span>–337 BC) was a Greek statesman and general. </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Timoleon-Corynth.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Timoleon-Corynth.jpg/220px-Timoleon-Corynth.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Timoleon-Corynth.jpg/330px-Timoleon-Corynth.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Timoleon-Corynth.jpg 2x" data-file-width="394" data-file-height="398"></a><figcaption>Timoleon from <i><a href="/wiki/Promptuarium_Iconum_Insigniorum" title="Promptuarium Iconum Insigniorum">Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>As a brilliant general, a champion of <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> against <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Carthage" title="Ancient Carthage">Carthage</a>, and a fighter against despotism, he is closely connected with the history of <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a>, especially <a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Syracuse, Italy">Syracuse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Magna Graecia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Early_life"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Early life</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Sicily"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Sicily</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Ruler_of_Syracuse"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Ruler of Syracuse</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Retirement"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Retirement</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Tyrant_or_democrat?"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Tyrant or democrat?</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Sources"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Sources</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Primary_sources"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Primary sources</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Secondary_sources"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">Secondary sources</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Further_reading"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Timoleon&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Timoleon_setting_sail_for_Sicily.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Timoleon_setting_sail_for_Sicily.jpg/220px-Timoleon_setting_sail_for_Sicily.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1577" data-file-height="2213"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 309px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Timoleon_setting_sail_for_Sicily.jpg/220px-Timoleon_setting_sail_for_Sicily.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="309" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Timoleon_setting_sail_for_Sicily.jpg/330px-Timoleon_setting_sail_for_Sicily.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Timoleon_setting_sail_for_Sicily.jpg/440px-Timoleon_setting_sail_for_Sicily.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Timoleon sets sail for Sicily (as depicted in <i>Children's Plutarch</i>, 1900)</figcaption></figure> <p>Timoleon was a member of the Corinthian oligarchy.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the mid 360s BC, <a href="/wiki/Timophanes" title="Timophanes">Timophanes</a>, the brother of Timoleon, took possession of the <a href="/wiki/Acropolis" title="Acropolis">acropolis</a> of Corinth and effectively made himself tyrant of the city. In response, Timoleon, who had earlier heroically saved his brother's life in battle, and after repeatedly pleading with him to desist,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> became involved in the assassination of Timophanes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most Corinthians approved his conduct as patriotic; however, the tragic occurrence, the actual fratricide, the curses of his mother, and the indignation of some of his fellow citizens, drove him into a self-imposed early withdrawal from politics and civic life for twenty years.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Sicily">Sicily</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Timoleon&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Sicily" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Because of inner strife, the depredations and decline in Syracuse caused by the despots <a href="/wiki/Dionysius_I_of_Syracuse" title="Dionysius I of Syracuse">Dionysius I</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dionysius_II_of_Syracuse" title="Dionysius II of Syracuse">his son who succeeded him</a>, and because of the repeated conflicts with powerful Carthage, a group of Syracusans sent an appeal for help to Corinth, their mother city, which reached that city-state in 344 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Corinth agreed to help, but her chief citizens declined to accept the seemingly hopeless task of establishing a stable government in tyrannical, fractious, insecure, and turbulent Syracuse.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Timoleon, being named by an unknown voice in the Corinthian popular assembly, was chosen by a unanimous vote to undertake the mission. He set sail for Sicily with seven ships, a few of the leading citizens of Corinth, and a small force of 700 Greek mercenaries.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He eluded a Carthaginian squadron by an ingenious stratagem and landed at <a href="/wiki/Tauromenium" class="mw-redirect" title="Tauromenium">Tauromenium</a> (now Taormina) in 344 BC, where he met with a friendly reception. At this time <a href="/wiki/Hicetas_of_Leontini" title="Hicetas of Leontini">Hicetas</a>, tyrant of <a href="/wiki/Leontini" class="mw-redirect" title="Leontini">Leontini</a>, was master of Syracuse, with the exception of the island of <a href="/wiki/Ortygia" title="Ortygia">Ortygia</a>, which was occupied by <a href="/wiki/Dionysius_II_of_Syracuse" title="Dionysius II of Syracuse">Dionysius II</a>, still nominally ruler.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sicily_cultures_431bc.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Sicily_cultures_431bc.jpg/220px-Sicily_cultures_431bc.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="527"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 113px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Sicily_cultures_431bc.jpg/220px-Sicily_cultures_431bc.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="113" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Sicily_cultures_431bc.jpg/330px-Sicily_cultures_431bc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Sicily_cultures_431bc.jpg/440px-Sicily_cultures_431bc.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Sicily in 431 BC</figcaption></figure> <p>Hicetas was defeated by Timoleon at <a href="/wiki/Adrano" title="Adrano">Adranum</a>, an inland town, and driven back to Syracuse. After his initial unexpected success, Timoleon was sent reinforcements from Corinth and some north-western Greek states.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Syracuse_(343_BC)" title="Siege of Syracuse (343 BC)">siege of Syracuse</a>, Dionysius II surrendered Ortygia in 343 BC on the condition of his being granted a safe conduct to Corinth, where he ended his life as a private, well-off, citizen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hicetas now received help from Carthage (60,000 men), but ill-success roused mutual suspicion; the Carthaginians abandoned Hicetas, who was besieged in Leontini, and who was then compelled to surrender. Timoleon was thus master of Syracuse.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He at once began the work of restoration, beginning with the symbolic act of destroying the citadel constructed and used by the tyrants to oppress the people of Syracuse, and replacing it with a courthouse. He brought new settlers to depopulated Sicily from all over Greece, and re-established a popular government on the basis of the democratic laws of <a href="/wiki/Diocles_of_Syracuse" title="Diocles of Syracuse">Diocles</a>. The <i>amphipolos</i>, or priest of Olympian <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ἀμφίπολος Διὸς Ὀλυμπίου</span></span>),<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who was chosen annually by lot out of three clans, was invested with the chief magistracy. The impress of Timoleon's reforms seems to have lasted to the days of <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hicetas persuaded Carthage to send (340–339 BC) a great army of 70,000 men, which landed at Lilybaeum (now <a href="/wiki/Marsala" title="Marsala">Marsala</a>). With a miscellaneous levy of about 12,000 men, most of them mercenaries, Timoleon marched westwards across the island to the neighbourhood of <a href="/wiki/Selinus" class="mw-redirect" title="Selinus">Selinus</a>. Against all odds, after being deserted by a part of his army who believed that facing a foe six times as large as their own was hopeless, Timoleon, at the head of his infantry, won a great and decisive <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Crimissus" title="Battle of the Crimissus">victory on the Crimissus</a>. His victory was made possible by the fact that the Carthaginian army had not yet completed the river crossing, so his small force only had to fight the elite part of the Carthaginian force. He was also aided by a violent storm at the backs of his troops but blinding to the Carthaginians.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later, Carthage dispatched mercenaries to prolong the conflict between Timoleon and the Greek tyrants. But this ended in the defeat of Hicetas, who was taken prisoner and put to death. A treaty in 338 BC was agreed upon, by which Carthage was confined in Sicily to the west of the <a href="/wiki/Platani_(river)" title="Platani (river)">Halycus (Platani) river</a> and undertook to give no further help to Sicilian tyrants. Most of the remaining tyrants were killed or expelled.<sup id="cite_ref-World,_Editor_p207_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World,_Editor_p207-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This treaty gave the Greeks of Sicily many years of peace, restored prosperity, rule of law, and safety from Carthage.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Ruler_of_Syracuse">Ruler of Syracuse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Timoleon&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ruler of Syracuse" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>Timoleon established a new Syracusan constitution. It was described at the time as democratic. However, for a short time he did have wide powers equivalent to a supreme commander. He invited settlers from mainland Greece to assist in the re-population of Syracuse and other Sicilian cities. During this period, Greek Sicily enjoyed a recovery in its economy and culture.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Retirement">Retirement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Timoleon&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Retirement" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p>Timoleon retired into private life shortly after the goals he set out to accomplish were met. He remained however almost universally admired for his brilliant victories, moderation, and the restoration of democracy after half a century of tyranny, suffering, near economic collapse, turmoil, and depopulation. However, even after his retirement, so great was the esteem of his countrymen, that when important issues were under discussion, the by-now blind Timoleon was carried to the assembly to give his opinion, which was usually accepted.<sup id="cite_ref-World,_Editor_p207_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World,_Editor_p207-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was buried at the cost of the citizens of Syracuse, who erected a monument to his memory in their market-place, afterwards surrounded with porticoes, and a gymnasium called Timoleonteum.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Tyrant_or_democrat?"><span id="Tyrant_or_democrat.3F"></span>Tyrant or democrat?</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Timoleon&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Tyrant or democrat?" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <p>The ancient historian <a href="/wiki/Timaeus_(historian)" title="Timaeus (historian)">Timaeus</a> gave Timoleon high accolades in his work. However, Polybius, a historian with decided oligarchic sympathies, criticized Timaeus for bias in favour of Timoleon and many modern historians have sided with Polybius.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Peter Green shares this scepticism but thinks it has gone too far. While he concedes that Timoleon tended to play the democrat while using the methods of a tyrant (albeit benevolently), he notes that Timoleon did make an effort to maintain the outward forms of democracy. Further, he reformed Syracuse in a democratic direction and demolished the stronghold of the island that had been so useful to tyrants in the past.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Timoleon's personal conduct throughout his life suggests a commitment to freedom and the rule of law. For instance, when taken to court on spurious grounds, he refused to be exempted, saying that this was the "precise purpose for which he had so long laboured and combated—in order that every Syracusan citizen might be enabled to appeal to the laws and exercise freely his legal rights."<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> The historian George Grote wholeheartedly agrees with the following appraisal, given by a citizen of Syracuse at Timoleon's funeral, about three years after the Crimissus victory:<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><blockquote><p>The Syracusan people solemnise, at the cost of 200 <a href="/wiki/Mina_(unit)" title="Mina (unit)">minae</a>, the funeral of this man . . .They have passed a vote to honour him for all future time. . .,—because, after having put down the despots, subdued the foreign enemy, and re-colonised the greatest among the ruined cities, he restored to the Sicilian Greeks their constitution and laws.</p></blockquote> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Timoleon&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWestlake1942" class="citation journal cs1">Westlake, H. D. (1942). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3020793">"Timoleon and the Reconstruction of Syracuse"</a>. <i>Cambridge Historical Journal</i>. <b>7</b> (2): 73–100. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1474-6913">1474-6913</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cambridge+Historical+Journal&rft.atitle=Timoleon+and+the+Reconstruction+of+Syracuse&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=73-100&rft.date=1942&rft.issn=1474-6913&rft.aulast=Westlake&rft.aufirst=H.+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3020793&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimoleon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWestlake1949" class="citation journal cs1">Westlake, H. D. (1949). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/290966">"The Purpose of Timoleon's Mission"</a>. <i>The American Journal of Philology</i>. <b>70</b> (1): 65–75. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F290966">10.2307/290966</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-9475">0002-9475</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Journal+of+Philology&rft.atitle=The+Purpose+of+Timoleon%27s+Mission&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=65-75&rft.date=1949&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F290966&rft.issn=0002-9475&rft.aulast=Westlake&rft.aufirst=H.+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F290966&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimoleon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKagan1960" class="citation journal cs1">Kagan, Donald (1960). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24437695">"Timoleon's Mission to Sicily and its Political Background"</a>. <i>The Historian</i>. <b>23</b> (1): 1–22. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0018-2370">0018-2370</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Historian&rft.atitle=Timoleon%27s+Mission+to+Sicily+and+its+Political+Background&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-22&rft.date=1960&rft.issn=0018-2370&rft.aulast=Kagan&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24437695&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimoleon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrote" class="citation book cs1">Grote, George. <i>History of Greece, Vol. 11</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Greece%2C+Vol.+11&rft.aulast=Grote&rft.aufirst=George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimoleon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHornblowerSpawforth2000" class="citation book cs1">Hornblower, Simon; Spawforth, Tony (2000). <i>Who's Who in the Classical World</i>. New York: Oxford Paperback Reference. p. 403. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0192801074" title="Special:BookSources/0192801074"><bdi>0192801074</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who%27s+Who+in+the+Classical+World&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=403&rft.pub=Oxford+Paperback+Reference&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0192801074&rft.aulast=Hornblower&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.au=Spawforth%2C+Tony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimoleon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_6-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChisholm1911">Chisholm 1911</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>History of Greece</i>, <a href="/wiki/George_Grote" title="George Grote">George Grote</a>, vol. 7 pp. 575-6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=a)mfi/polos"><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ἀμφίπολος</span></span></a>. <a href="/wiki/Henry_Liddell" title="Henry Liddell">Liddell, Henry George</a>; <a href="/wiki/Robert_Scott_(philologist)" title="Robert Scott (philologist)">Scott, Robert</a>; <i><a href="/wiki/A_Greek%E2%80%93English_Lexicon" title="A Greek–English Lexicon">A Greek–English Lexicon</a></i> at the <a href="/wiki/Perseus_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Perseus Project">Perseus Project</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-World,_Editor_p207-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-World,_Editor_p207_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World,_Editor_p207_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Historians' History of the World, Editor: Henry Smith Williams vol 4 p207</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter Green, <i>Alexander to Actium</i> p. 219.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter Green, <i>Alexander to Actium</i>, pp. 219-20.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Timoleon&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sources" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_sources">Primary sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Timoleon&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Primary sources" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/nepos.htm#Timoleon">Cornelius Nepos, <i>Timoleon</i></a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>, <i>Historical Library</i>, xvi.65–90.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secondary_sources">Secondary sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Timoleon&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Secondary sources" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Timoleon*.html">Plutarch, <i>Life of Timoleon</i></a>.</li> <li><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="12" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> </span>This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Timoleon" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Timoleon">Timoleon</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 989.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Timoleon&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=989&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimoleon" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Timoleon&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <ul><li>Westlake, H.D. <i>Timoleon and His Relations With Tyrants</i>. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1952 (hardcover, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7190-1217-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7190-1217-1">0-7190-1217-1</a>).</li> <li>Bicknell, P.J. "The Date of Timoleon's Crossing to Italy and the Comet of 361 B.C.", <i>The Classical Quarterly</i>, New Series, Vol. 34, No. 1. (1984), pp. 130–134.</li> <li>Talbert, R.J.A. <i>Timoleon and the Revival of Greek Sicily, 344–317 B.C. (Cambridge Classical Studies)</i>. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1975 (hardcover, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-20419-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-20419-4">0-521-20419-4</a>); 2008 (paperback, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-03413-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-03413-2">0-521-03413-2</a>).</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="25%" align="center"><b>Preceded by:</b><br><b><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_II_of_Syracuse" title="Dionysius II of Syracuse">Dionysius the Younger</a></b> </td> <td width="25%" align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_Tyrants_of_Syracuse" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Tyrants of Syracuse">Tyrant of Syracuse</a></b><br>345–337 BC </td> <td width="25%" align="center"><b>Succeeded by:</b><br><i><b><a href="/wiki/Oligarchy" title="Oligarchy">oligarchy</a></b></i><br> <small>position next held by <br><a href="/wiki/Agathocles_of_Syracuse" title="Agathocles of Syracuse">Agathocles</a> in 320 BC</small> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timoleon&oldid=1248753049">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timoleon&oldid=1248753049</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Timoleon&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="57.140.48.55" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1727770758"> <span>Last edited on 1 October 2024, at 08:19</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тимолеон – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тимолеон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timoleont" title="Timoleont – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Timoleont" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timoleon" title="Timoleon – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Timoleon" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%89%CE%BD" title="Τιμολέων – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τιμολέων" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timole%C3%B3n" title="Timoleón – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Timoleón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timoleon" title="Timoleon – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Timoleon" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timol%C3%A9on" title="Timoléon – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Timoléon" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8B%B0%EB%AA%B0%EB%A0%88%EC%98%A8" title="티몰레온 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="티몰레온" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timoleon" title="Timoleon – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Timoleon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timoleonte" title="Timoleonte – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Timoleonte" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9F" title="טימוליאון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טימוליאון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Тимолеонт – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тимолеонт" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timoleon" title="Timoleon – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Timoleon" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timoleon_(persoon)" title="Timoleon (persoon) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Timoleon (persoon)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%A2%E3%83%AC%E3%82%AA%E3%83%B3" title="ティモレオン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ティモレオン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timoleon" title="Timoleon – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Timoleon" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Тимолеонт – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тимолеонт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timuliunti" title="Timuliunti – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Timuliunti" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timoleon" title="Timoleon – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Timoleon" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Тімолеонт – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тімолеонт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timol%C3%A9o%CC%B1n" title="Timoléo̱n – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Timoléo̱n" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E6%91%A9%E5%88%A9%E6%98%82" title="泰摩利昂 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="泰摩利昂" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 1 October 2024, at 08:19<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a 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