CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Échelle de Richter — Wikipédia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )frwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","janvier","février","mars","avril","mai","juin","juillet","août","septembre","octobre","novembre","décembre"],"wgRequestId":"d0828e7b-ec0c-416e-a39c-e664dbce3557","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Échelle_de_Richter","wgTitle":"Échelle de Richter","wgCurRevisionId":220175887,"wgRevisionId":220175887,"wgArticleId":1391336,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Article contenant un appel à traduction en anglais","Page utilisant un modèle Bases inactif","Page utilisant P1417","Page utilisant P8313","Page utilisant P7305","Page utilisant P4342","Page pointant vers des bases externes","Page pointant vers des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes","Article de Wikipédia avec notice d'autorité","Portail:Géologie/Articles liés","Portail:Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers/Articles liés", "Portail:Sciences/Articles liés","Portail:Géodésie et géophysique/Articles liés","Portail:Physique/Articles liés","Sismologie","Échelle logarithmique","Échelle sismique"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"fr","wgPageContentLanguage":"fr","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Échelle_de_Richter","wgRelevantArticleId":1391336,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"fr","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"fr"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":9000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false, "wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q38768","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready", "mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ArchiveLinks","ext.gadget.Wdsearch","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Ondas_s%C3%ADsmicas_s_p.svg/1200px-Ondas_s%C3%ADsmicas_s_p.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="960"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Ondas_s%C3%ADsmicas_s_p.svg/800px-Ondas_s%C3%ADsmicas_s_p.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="640"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Ondas_s%C3%ADsmicas_s_p.svg/640px-Ondas_s%C3%ADsmicas_s_p.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="512"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Échelle de Richter — Wikipédia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//fr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89chelle_de_Richter"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Modifier" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipédia (fr)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//fr.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89chelle_de_Richter"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Flux Atom de Wikipédia" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Modifications_r%C3%A9centes&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Échelle_de_Richter rootpage-Échelle_de_Richter skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Aller au contenu</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu principal</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal" title="Accueil général [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Accueil</span></a></li><li id="n-thema" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Accueil"><span>Portails thématiques</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Page_au_hasard" title="Affiche un article au hasard [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article au hasard</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Contact"><span>Contact</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Contribuer" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Contribuer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribuer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutwp" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:D%C3%A9buter"><span>Débuter sur Wikipédia</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Accueil" title="Accès à l’aide"><span>Aide</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_de_la_communaut%C3%A9" title="À propos du projet, ce que vous pouvez faire, où trouver les informations"><span>Communauté</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Modifications_r%C3%A9centes" title="Liste des modifications récentes sur le wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Modifications récentes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipédia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fr.svg" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'encyclopédie libre" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-fr.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Recherche" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Rechercher</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Rechercher sur Wikipédia" aria-label="Rechercher sur Wikipédia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spécial:Recherche"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Rechercher</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Outils personnels"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modifier l'apparence de la taille, de la largeur et de la couleur de la police de la page" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Apparence" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Apparence</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_fr.wikipedia.org&uselang=fr" class=""><span>Faire un don</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Cr%C3%A9er_un_compte&returnto=%C3%89chelle+de+Richter" title="Nous vous encourageons à créer un compte utilisateur et vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire." class=""><span>Créer un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=%C3%89chelle+de+Richter" title="Nous vous encourageons à vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Se connecter</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Plus d’options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils personnels" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils personnels</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu utilisateur" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_fr.wikipedia.org&uselang=fr"><span>Faire un don</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Cr%C3%A9er_un_compte&returnto=%C3%89chelle+de+Richter" title="Nous vous encourageons à créer un compte utilisateur et vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Créer un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=%C3%89chelle+de+Richter" title="Nous vous encourageons à vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Se connecter</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages pour les contributeurs déconnectés <a href="/wiki/Aide:Premiers_pas" aria-label="En savoir plus sur la contribution"><span>en savoir plus</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Mes_contributions" title="Une liste des modifications effectuées depuis cette adresse IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Mes_discussions" title="La page de discussion pour les contributions depuis cette adresse IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sommaire" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sommaire</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Début</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Histoire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Histoire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Histoire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Histoire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Niveaux_d'intensité" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Niveaux_d'intensité"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Niveaux d'intensité</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Niveaux_d'intensité-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Limites_et_obsolescence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Limites_et_obsolescence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Limites et obsolescence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Limites_et_obsolescence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Bibliographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Publications_de_Charles_F._Richter_et_Beno_Gutenberg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publications_de_Charles_F._Richter_et_Beno_Gutenberg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Publications de Charles F. Richter et Beno Gutenberg</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publications_de_Charles_F._Richter_et_Beno_Gutenberg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Études" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Études"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Études</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Études-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dictionnaires_et_encyclopédies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dictionnaires_et_encyclopédies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.3</span> <span>Dictionnaires et encyclopédies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dictionnaires_et_encyclopédies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Échelle de Richter</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 93 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-93" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">93 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richterskaal" title="Richterskaal – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Richterskaal" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="مقياس ريختر – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مقياس ريختر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="جدول ريختر – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جدول ريختر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escala_sismol%C3%B3xica_de_Richter" title="Escala sismolóxica de Richter – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Escala sismolóxica de Richter" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rixter_%C5%9Fkalas%C4%B1" title="Rixter şkalası – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rixter şkalası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="ریشتر سایی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ریشتر سایی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Скала на Рихтер – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Скала на Рихтер" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="रिक्टर पैमाना – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="रिक्टर पैमाना" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" title="রিখটার মাপনী – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রিখটার মাপনী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeuliad_Richter" title="Skeuliad Richter – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Skeuliad Richter" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richterova_skala" title="Richterova skala – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Richterova skala" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escala_de_Richter" title="Escala de Richter – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Escala de Richter" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scala_di_Richter" title="Scala di Richter – corse" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Scala di Richter" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richterova_stupnice" title="Richterova stupnice – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Richterova stupnice" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graddfa_Richter" title="Graddfa Richter – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Graddfa Richter" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richterskalaen" title="Richterskalaen – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Richterskalaen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richterskala" title="Richterskala – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Richterskala" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B1_%CE%A1%CE%AF%CF%87%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81" title="Κλίμακα Ρίχτερ – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κλίμακα Ρίχτερ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richter_scale" title="Richter scale – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Richter scale" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skalo_de_Richter" title="Skalo de Richter – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Skalo de Richter" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escala_sismol%C3%B3gica_de_Richter" title="Escala sismológica de Richter – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Escala sismológica de Richter" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richteri_skaala" title="Richteri skaala – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Richteri skaala" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richter_eskala" title="Richter eskala – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Richter eskala" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="مقیاس ریشتر – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مقیاس ریشتر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richterin_asteikko" title="Richterin asteikko – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Richterin asteikko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richterstigin" title="Richterstigin – féroïen" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Richterstigin" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="féroïen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scjale_Richter" title="Scjale Richter – frioulan" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Scjale Richter" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="frioulan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skaal_fan_Richter" title="Skaal fan Richter – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Skaal fan Richter" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sc%C3%A1la_Richter" title="Scála Richter – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Scála Richter" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escala_de_Richter" title="Escala de Richter – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Escala de Richter" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%B0_%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%AF%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%A1_%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B2" title="રિકટર મેગ્નીટયુડ સ્કેલ – goudjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="રિકટર મેગ્નીટયુડ સ્કેલ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="goudjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%9D_%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%98%D7%A8" title="סולם ריכטר – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סולם ריכטר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="रिक्टर पैमाना – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रिक्टर पैमाना" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richterova_ljestvica" title="Richterova ljestvica – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Richterova ljestvica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayitid" title="Mayitid – créole haïtien" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Mayitid" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="créole haïtien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richter-sk%C3%A1la" title="Richter-skála – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Richter-skála" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%AB%D5%AD%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Ռիխտերի սանդղակ – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռիխտերի սանդղակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skala_Richter" title="Skala Richter – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Skala Richter" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skalo_di_Richter" title="Skalo di Richter – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Skalo di Richter" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scala_Richter" title="Scala Richter – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scala Richter" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B0%E3%83%8B%E3%83%81%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="ローカル・マグニチュード – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ローカル・マグニチュード" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skala_Richter" title="Skala Richter – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Skala Richter" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90" title="რიხტერის სკალა – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რიხტერის სკალა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%95" title="ರಿಕ್ಟರ್ ಮಾಪಕ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಿಕ್ಟರ್ ಮಾಪಕ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A6%AD%ED%84%B0_%EA%B7%9C%EB%AA%A8" title="릭터 규모 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="릭터 규모" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scala_Richteriana" title="Scala Richteriana – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Scala Richteriana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjaol_van_Richter" title="Sjaol van Richter – limbourgeois" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sjaol van Richter" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limbourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rihtera_skala" title="Rihtera skala – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rihtera skala" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Рихтерова скала – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Рихтерова скала" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="റിക്ടർ മാനകം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റിക്ടർ മാനകം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Рихтерийн шаталбар – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Рихтерийн шаталбар" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%A4" title="रिश्टर मापनपद्धत – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रिश्टर मापनपद्धत" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skala_Richter" title="Skala Richter – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Skala Richter" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schaal_van_Richter" title="Schaal van Richter – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Schaal van Richter" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richterskalaen" title="Richterskalaen – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Richterskalaen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richters_skala" title="Richters skala – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Richters skala" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnitud_d%27un_t%C3%A8rratremol" title="Magnitud d'un tèrratremol – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Magnitud d'un tèrratremol" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%B0_%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%B2" title="ରିକ୍ଟର ସ୍କେଲ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ରିକ୍ଟର ସ୍କେଲ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B2" title="ਰਿਕਟਰ ਸਕੇਲ – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰਿਕਟਰ ਸਕੇਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skala_Richtera" title="Skala Richtera – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Skala Richtera" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scala_%C3%ABd_Richter" title="Scala ëd Richter – piémontais" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Scala ëd Richter" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piémontais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escala_de_Richter" title="Escala de Richter – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Escala de Richter" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scara_de_magnitudine_Richter" title="Scara de magnitudine Richter – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Scara de magnitudine Richter" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Шкала Рихтера – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шкала Рихтера" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scala_Richter" title="Scala Richter – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Scala Richter" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richterova_skala" title="Richterova skala – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Richterova skala" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richter_scale" title="Richter scale – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Richter scale" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lok%C3%A1lne_magnit%C3%BAdo" title="Lokálne magnitúdo – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Lokálne magnitúdo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richterjeva_potresna_lestvica" title="Richterjeva potresna lestvica – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Richterjeva potresna lestvica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rikter_Cabir" title="Rikter Cabir – somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Rikter Cabir" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkalla_e_Rihterit" title="Shkalla e Rihterit – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shkalla e Rihterit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Рихтерова скала магнитуде потреса – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Рихтерова скала магнитуде потреса" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richterskalan" title="Richterskalan – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Richterskalan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81" title="ரிக்டர் அளவு – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ரிக்டர் அளவு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B6%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Ҷадвали Рихтер – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷадвали Рихтер" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="มาตราริกเตอร์ – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มาตราริกเตอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskalang_sismolohikong_Richter" title="Eskalang sismolohikong Richter – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Eskalang sismolohikong Richter" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richter_%C3%B6l%C3%A7e%C4%9Fi" title="Richter ölçeği – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Richter ölçeği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Рихтер магнитуда шкаласы – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Рихтер магнитуда шкаласы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%96%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Шкала Ріхтера – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шкала Ріхтера" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%B9%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%84" title="ریکٹر اسکیل – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ریکٹر اسکیل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zilzila_magnitudasi" title="Zilzila magnitudasi – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Zilzila magnitudasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sca%C5%82a_sismo%C5%82%C3%B2zega_de_Richter" title="Scała sismołòzega de Richter – vénitien" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Scała sismołòzega de Richter" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vénitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%99_Richter" title="Độ Richter – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Độ Richter" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richterschoale" title="Richterschoale – flamand occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Richterschoale" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamand occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sch%C3%A5le_di_Richter" title="Schåle di Richter – wallon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Schåle di Richter" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="wallon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escala_hin_magnitud_Richter" title="Escala hin magnitud Richter – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Escala hin magnitud Richter" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8C%E6%B0%8F%E9%9C%87%E7%BA%A7" title="里氏震级 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="里氏震级" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90" title="რიხტერიშ სკალა – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რიხტერიშ სკალა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A2" title="ריכטער סקאלע – yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ריכטער סקאלע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8C%E6%B0%8F%E5%9C%B0%E9%9C%87%E8%A6%8F%E6%A8%A1" title="里氏地震規模 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="里氏地震規模" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richter_kui-b%C3%B4%CD%98" title="Richter kui-bô͘ – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Richter kui-bô͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%85%8B%E7%89%B9%E5%88%B6" title="黎克特制 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="黎克特制" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q38768#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89chelle_de_Richter" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussion:%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion au sujet de cette page de contenu (page inexistante) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Modifier la variante de langue" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">français</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Affichages"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89chelle_de_Richter"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89chelle_de_Richter"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/%C3%89chelle_de_Richter" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/%C3%89chelle_de_Richter" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Importer_un_fichier" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_sp%C3%A9ciales" title="Liste de toutes les pages spéciales [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pages spéciales</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&oldid=220175887" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&id=220175887&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C3%2589chelle_de_Richter"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C3%2589chelle_de_Richter"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%C3%89chelle+de+Richter"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q38768" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="/wiki/Richter" class="mw-disambig" title="Richter">Richter</a>. </p> </div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Ondas_s%C3%ADsmicas_s_p.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Ondas_s%C3%ADsmicas_s_p.svg/220px-Ondas_s%C3%ADsmicas_s_p.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Ondas_s%C3%ADsmicas_s_p.svg/330px-Ondas_s%C3%ADsmicas_s_p.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Ondas_s%C3%ADsmicas_s_p.svg/440px-Ondas_s%C3%ADsmicas_s_p.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption>Représentation d'une <a href="/wiki/Onde_sismique" title="Onde sismique">onde sismique</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Historiquement, l'<b>échelle de Richter</b> a été l'une des premières tentatives d'évaluer numériquement l'intensité des <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9isme" title="Séisme">tremblements de terre</a>, grâce à la <b>magnitude de Richter</b> qui mesure l'énergie sismique radiée (énergie des ondes sismiques) lors du séisme. Imprécise et dépassée, elle a depuis été remplacée par des échelles plus précises permettant de mesurer la <a href="/wiki/Magnitude_(sismologie)" title="Magnitude (sismologie)">magnitude</a> des séismes. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Histoire">Histoire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Histoire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Histoire"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89ponymie" title="Éponymie">éponyme</a><sup id="cite_ref-TailletVillainFebvre2018896''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_Richter,_Charles_Francis_(<time>1900</time>-<time>1985</time>)_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TailletVillainFebvre2018896''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_Richter,_Charles_Francis_(<time>1900</time>-<time>1985</time>)-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-OIOI''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_Richter_scale_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OIOI''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_Richter_scale-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> de l’<b>échelle de Richter</b><sup id="cite_ref-TailletVillainFebvre2018240,_<span_class="nowrap"><abbr_class="abbr_"_title="colonne(s)"_>col.</abbr>&nbsp;2</span>''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_échelle_de_Richter_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TailletVillainFebvre2018240,_<span_class="nowrap"><abbr_class="abbr_"_title="colonne(s)"_>col.</abbr>&nbsp;2</span>''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_échelle_de_Richter-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> est le sismologue américain <a href="/wiki/Charles_Francis_Richter" title="Charles Francis Richter">Charles Francis Richter</a> (<time>1900</time>-<time>1985</time>)<sup id="cite_ref-TailletVillainFebvre2018896''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_Richter,_Charles_Francis_(<time>1900</time>-<time>1985</time>)_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TailletVillainFebvre2018896''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_Richter,_Charles_Francis_(<time>1900</time>-<time>1985</time>)-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-OIOI''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_Richter_scale_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OIOI''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_Richter_scale-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-TailletVillainFebvre2018451,_<span_class="nowrap"><abbr_class="abbr_"_title="colonne(s)"_>col.</abbr>&nbsp;1</span>''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_magnitude_(2)_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TailletVillainFebvre2018451,_<span_class="nowrap"><abbr_class="abbr_"_title="colonne(s)"_>col.</abbr>&nbsp;1</span>''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_magnitude_(2)-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> qui l'a proposée en <time>1935</time><sup id="cite_ref-TailletVillainFebvre2018451,_<span_class="nowrap"><abbr_class="abbr_"_title="colonne(s)"_>col.</abbr>&nbsp;1</span>''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_magnitude_(2)_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TailletVillainFebvre2018451,_<span_class="nowrap"><abbr_class="abbr_"_title="colonne(s)"_>col.</abbr>&nbsp;1</span>''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_magnitude_(2)-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Jusqu'alors c'était essentiellement l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89chelle_de_Mercalli" title="Échelle de Mercalli">échelle de Mercalli</a> qui était utilisée pour évaluer la force d'un <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9isme" title="Séisme">séisme</a>, mais cette échelle, basée sur les dégâts observés (notamment sur les bâtiments), est notoirement imprécise. Richter élabore une <a href="/wiki/Magnitude_(sismologie)#Échelle_de_Richter_ML" title="Magnitude (sismologie)">définition mathématique plus rigoureuse</a>, établissant une équation <a href="/wiki/Logarithme" title="Logarithme">logarithmique</a> à partir de l'<a href="/wiki/Amplitude" title="Amplitude">amplitude</a> des enregistrements d'un <a href="/wiki/Sismographe" title="Sismographe">sismographe</a> (de type <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pendule_de_torsion_Wood-Anderson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pendule de torsion Wood-Anderson (page inexistante)">Wood-Anderson</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood%E2%80%93Anderson_seismometer" class="extiw" title="en:Wood–Anderson seismometer"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « Wood–Anderson seismometer »">(en)</span></a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Niveaux_d'intensité"><span id="Niveaux_d.27intensit.C3.A9"></span>Niveaux d'intensité</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Niveaux d'intensité" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Niveaux d'intensité"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Relativement facile d'usage, l'échelle de Richter permet d'évaluer l'énergie libérée par un tremblement de terre et donc les dégâts à craindre. </p><p>De manière imprécise, on peut estimer que : </p> <ul><li>de 1 à 3, un séisme est à peine ressenti par les personnes ;</li> <li>de 4 à 5, il est nettement ressenti mais cause peu de dégâts ;</li> <li>de 6 à 7, il est destructeur ;</li> <li>à 8, il est de plus ressenti sur une grande distance ;</li> <li>et à 9 ou au-delà, il est dévastateur, toutes les structures sont détruites sur une large superficie.</li></ul> <p>C'est une échelle ouverte : elle n'a théoriquement pas de limite supérieure, en pratique néanmoins le séisme le plus intense jamais mesuré — le <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9isme_de_1960_%C3%A0_Valdivia" title="Séisme de 1960 à Valdivia">séisme de 1960 à Valdivia</a> au <a href="/wiki/Chili" title="Chili">Chili</a> — atteignait environ 9,5 sur l'échelle de Richter. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Limites_et_obsolescence">Limites et obsolescence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Limites et obsolescence" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Limites et obsolescence"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'échelle de Richter a certes une définition mathématique, mais qui reste semi-empirique, dépend des instruments de mesure, et n'est applicable que localement. Elle est faite pour le type de séismes que Richter étudiait en <a href="/wiki/Californie" title="Californie">Californie</a>. Elle a depuis été remplacée par des <a href="/wiki/%C3%89chelle_de_magnitude_de_moment" class="mw-redirect" title="Échelle de magnitude de moment">échelles de magnitude</a> qui mesurent le <a href="/wiki/Moment_sismique" title="Moment sismique">moment sismique</a>, c'est-à-dire l'énergie libérée par un séisme. Ces échelles sont à la fois plus précises, plus rigoureuses, et sont applicables partout dans le monde. </p><p>Tombée en désuétude parmi les scientifiques, l'échelle de Richter reste encore facilement employée par les médias ou dans la fiction. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-TailletVillainFebvre2018896''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_Richter,_Charles_Francis_(<time>1900</time>-<time>1985</time>)-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-TailletVillainFebvre2018896''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_Richter,_Charles_Francis_(<time>1900</time>-<time>1985</time>)_1-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-TailletVillainFebvre2018896''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_Richter,_Charles_Francis_(<time>1900</time>-<time>1985</time>)_1-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#TailletVillainFebvre2018">Taillet, Villain et Febvre 2018</a>, <i><abbr class="abbr" title="sub verbo (« à l'article »)">s.v.</abbr></i> Richter, Charles Francis (<time>1900</time>-<time>1985</time>), <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 896. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OIOI''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_Richter_scale-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-OIOI''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_Richter_scale_2-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-OIOI''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_Richter_scale_2-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#OI">OI</a>, <i><abbr class="abbr" title="sub verbo (« à l'article »)">s.v.</abbr></i> Richter scale. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TailletVillainFebvre2018240,_<span_class="nowrap"><abbr_class="abbr_"_title="colonne(s)"_>col.</abbr>&nbsp;2</span>''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_échelle_de_Richter-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-TailletVillainFebvre2018240,_<span_class="nowrap"><abbr_class="abbr_"_title="colonne(s)"_>col.</abbr>&nbsp;2</span>''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_échelle_de_Richter_3-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#TailletVillainFebvre2018">Taillet, Villain et Febvre 2018</a>, <i><abbr class="abbr" title="sub verbo (« à l'article »)">s.v.</abbr></i> échelle de Richter, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 240, <span class="nowrap"><abbr class="abbr" title="colonne(s)">col.</abbr> 2</span>. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TailletVillainFebvre2018451,_<span_class="nowrap"><abbr_class="abbr_"_title="colonne(s)"_>col.</abbr>&nbsp;1</span>''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_magnitude_(2)-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-TailletVillainFebvre2018451,_<span_class="nowrap"><abbr_class="abbr_"_title="colonne(s)"_>col.</abbr>&nbsp;1</span>''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_magnitude_(2)_4-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-TailletVillainFebvre2018451,_<span_class="nowrap"><abbr_class="abbr_"_title="colonne(s)"_>col.</abbr>&nbsp;1</span>''<abbr_class="abbr_"_title="sub_verbo_(«_à_l'article_»)"_>s.v.</abbr>''_magnitude_(2)_4-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#TailletVillainFebvre2018">Taillet, Villain et Febvre 2018</a>, <i><abbr class="abbr" title="sub verbo (« à l'article »)">s.v.</abbr></i> magnitude (2), <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 451, <span class="nowrap"><abbr class="abbr" title="colonne(s)">col.</abbr> 1</span>. </span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Publications_de_Charles_F._Richter_et_Beno_Gutenberg">Publications de Charles F. Richter et Beno Gutenberg</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Publications de Charles F. Richter et Beno Gutenberg" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Publications de Charles F. Richter et Beno Gutenberg"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="Richter1935"><span class="ouvrage" id="Charles_F._Richter1935"><small>[Richter 1935]</small> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Francis_Richter" title="Charles Francis Richter">Charles F. <span class="nom_auteur">Richter</span></a>, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">An instrumental earthquake magnitude scale</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Bulletin_of_the_Seismological_Society_of_America" class="extiw" title="w:en:Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America"><abbr class="abbr" title="Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America">Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am.</abbr></a></span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 25, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 1,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="1935"><abbr class="abbr" title="janvier">janv.</abbr> 1935</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">1-32</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/8028205189">8028205189</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article-abstract/25/1/1/115102/An-instrumental-earthquake-magnitude-scale">résumé</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://core.ac.uk/reader/33111940">lire en ligne</a> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF) d'Adobe">[PDF]</abbr>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=An+instrumental+earthquake+magnitude+scale&rft.jtitle=Bull.+Seismol.+Soc.+Am.&rft.issue=1&rft.aulast=Richter&rft.aufirst=Charles+F.&rft.date=1935&rft.volume=25&rft.pages=1-32&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F8028205189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89chelle+de+Richter"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="GutenbergRichter1936"><span class="ouvrage" id="Beno_GutenbergCharles_F._Richter1936"><small>[Gutenberg et Richter 1936]</small> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a href="/wiki/Beno_Gutenberg" title="Beno Gutenberg">Beno <span class="nom_auteur">Gutenberg</span></a> et <a href="/wiki/Charles_Francis_Richter" title="Charles Francis Richter">Charles F. <span class="nom_auteur">Richter</span></a>, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Magnitude and energy of earthquakes</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Science_(revue)" title="Science (revue)">Science</a></span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 83, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 2147,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="1936">21 <abbr class="abbr" title="février">fév.</abbr> 1936</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">183-185</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/4632323224">4632323224</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17770563">17770563</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.83.2147.183">10.1126/science.83.2147.183</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jstor.org/stable/1662411">1662411</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1936Sci....83..183G">1936Sci....83..183G</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Magnitude+and+energy+of+earthquakes&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.issue=2147&rft.aulast=Gutenberg&rft.aufirst=Beno&rft.au=Richter%2C+Charles+F.&rft.date=1936&rft.volume=83&rft.pages=183-185&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.83.2147.183&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17770563&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F4632323224&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89chelle+de+Richter"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="GutenbergRichter1942"><span class="ouvrage" id="Beno_GutenbergCharles_F._Richter1942"><small>[Gutenberg et Richter 1942]</small> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a href="/wiki/Beno_Gutenberg" title="Beno Gutenberg">Beno <span class="nom_auteur">Gutenberg</span></a> et <a href="/wiki/Charles_Francis_Richter" title="Charles Francis Richter">Charles F. <span class="nom_auteur">Richter</span></a>, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Earthquake magnitude, intensity, energy, and acceleration</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Bulletin_of_the_Seismological_Society_of_America" class="extiw" title="w:en:Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America"><abbr class="abbr" title="Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America">Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am.</abbr></a></span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 32, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 3,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="1942"><abbr class="abbr" title="juillet">juill.</abbr> 1942</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">163-191</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/8028308942">8028308942</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article-abstract/32/3/163/115371/Earthquake-magnitude-intensity-energy-and">résumé</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authors.library.caltech.edu/47731/1/163.full.pdf">lire en ligne</a> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF) d'Adobe">[PDF]</abbr>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Earthquake+magnitude%2C+intensity%2C+energy%2C+and+acceleration&rft.jtitle=Bull.+Seismol.+Soc.+Am.&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Gutenberg&rft.aufirst=Beno&rft.au=Richter%2C+Charles+F.&rft.date=1942&rft.volume=32&rft.pages=163-191&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F8028308942&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89chelle+de+Richter"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="GutenbergRichter1956"><span class="ouvrage" id="Beno_GutenbergCharles_F._Richter1956"><small>[Gutenberg et Richter 1956]</small> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a href="/wiki/Beno_Gutenberg" title="Beno Gutenberg">Beno <span class="nom_auteur">Gutenberg</span></a> et <a href="/wiki/Charles_Francis_Richter" title="Charles Francis Richter">Charles F. <span class="nom_auteur">Richter</span></a>, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Earthquake magnitude, intensity, energy, and acceleration (second paper)</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Bulletin_of_the_Seismological_Society_of_America" class="extiw" title="w:en:Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America"><abbr class="abbr" title="Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America">Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am.</abbr></a></span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 46, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 2,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="1956"><abbr class="abbr" title="avril">avr.</abbr> 1956</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">105-145</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/8028205737">8028205737</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article-abstract/46/2/105/115777/Earthquake-magnitude-intensity-energy-and">résumé</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authors.library.caltech.edu/48033/1/105.full.pdf">lire en ligne</a> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF) d'Adobe">[PDF]</abbr>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Earthquake+magnitude%2C+intensity%2C+energy%2C+and+acceleration+%28second+paper%29&rft.jtitle=Bull.+Seismol.+Soc.+Am.&rft.issue=2&rft.aulast=Gutenberg&rft.aufirst=Beno&rft.au=Richter%2C+Charles+F.&rft.date=1956&rft.volume=46&rft.pages=105-145&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F8028205737&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89chelle+de+Richter"></span></span></span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Études"><span id=".C3.89tudes"></span>Études</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Études" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Études"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="Boore1989"><span class="ouvrage" id="David_M._Boore1989"><small>[Boore 1989]</small> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> David M. <span class="nom_auteur">Boore</span>, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">The Richter scale : its development and use for determining earthquake source parameters</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Tectonophysics_(journal)" class="extiw" title="w:en:Tectonophysics (journal)">Tectonophysics</a></span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 166, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéros">n<sup>os</sup></abbr> 1-3,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="1989"><abbr class="abbr" title="septembre">sept.</abbr> 1989</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">1-14</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/4658784639">4658784639</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951%2889%2990200-X">10.1016/0040-1951(89)90200-X</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/004019518990200X">résumé</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://w.daveboore.com/pubs_online/richter_scale_tectonophysics_1989.pdf">lire en ligne</a> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF) d'Adobe">[PDF]</abbr>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Richter+scale&rft.jtitle=Tectonophysics&rft.issue=1-3&rft.stitle=its+development+and+use+for+determining+earthquake+source+parameters&rft.aulast=Boore&rft.aufirst=David+M.&rft.date=1989&rft.volume=166&rft.pages=1-14&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0040-1951%2889%2990200-X&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F4658784639&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89chelle+de+Richter"></span></span></span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dictionnaires_et_encyclopédies"><span id="Dictionnaires_et_encyclop.C3.A9dies"></span>Dictionnaires et encyclopédies</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifier la section : Dictionnaires et encyclopédies" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Dictionnaires et encyclopédies"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="TailletVillainFebvre2018"><span class="ouvrage" id="Richard_TailletLoïc_VillainPascal_Febvre2018"><small>[Taillet, Villain et Febvre 2018]</small> Richard <span class="nom_auteur">Taillet</span>, Loïc <span class="nom_auteur">Villain</span> et Pascal <span class="nom_auteur">Febvre</span>, <cite class="italique">Dictionnaire de physique</cite>, Louvain-la-Neuve, <a href="/wiki/Groupe_De_Boeck" title="Groupe De Boeck">De Boeck Supérieur</a>, hors <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr> / sciences, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018"><abbr class="abbr" title="janvier">janv.</abbr> 2018</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="quatrième">4<sup>e</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> (<abbr class="abbr" title="première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> <abbr class="abbr" title="édition">éd.</abbr> <time class="nowrap" datetime="2008-05" data-sort-value="2008-05">mai 2008</time>), 1 <abbr class="abbr" title="vol."><abbr class="abbr" title="volume(s)">vol.</abbr></abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="10"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">X</span></abbr>-956, <abbr class="abbr" title="illustration(s)">ill.</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="figure(s)">fig.</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="table(s)">tabl.</abbr> et index, 17 × 24 <abbr class="abbr" title="centimètre">cm</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="broché">br.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-8073-0744-5" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-8073-0744-5"><span class="nowrap">978-2-8073-0744-5</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/EAN_13" title="EAN 13">EAN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/9782807307445" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/9782807307445"><span class="nowrap">9782807307445</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/1022951339">1022951339</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb456469019.public">45646901</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sudoc.fr/224228161">224228161</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deboecksuperieur.com/ouvrage/9782807307445-dictionnaire-de-physique">présentation en ligne</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=pjlFDwAAQBAJ">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+de+physique&rft.place=Louvain-la-Neuve&rft.pub=De+Boeck+Sup%C3%A9rieur&rft.edition=4&rft.aulast=Taillet&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.au=Villain%2C+Lo%C3%AFc&rft.au=Febvre%2C+Pascal&rft.date=2018&rft.tpages=1%C2%A0%3Cabbr+class%3D%22abbr%22+title%3D%22vol.%22%3E%3Cabbr+class%3D%22abbr+%22+title%3D%22volume%28s%29%22+%3Evol.%3C%2Fabbr%3E%3C%2Fabbr%3E%2C+%3Cabbr+class%3D%22abbr+%22+title%3D%2210%22+%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22romain%22+style%3D%22text-transform%3Auppercase%22%3EX%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fabbr%3E-956&rft.isbn=978-2-8073-0744-5&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1022951339&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89chelle+de+Richter"></span></span></span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&action=edit&section=10" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="OI"><small>[OI]</small> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100420476"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Richter scale</cite></a> » [« échelle de Richter »], notice d'autorité <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 20110803100420476 de l'<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Oxford Index</span></i> (OI), sur <span class="italique"><i>la base de données</i> <span class="lang-en" lang="en">Oxford Reference</span> <i>de l'</i><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a></span> <i>(OUP)</i></span></span>.</li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers">Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38768?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/Richter-scale"><i>Britannica</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://denstoredanske.lex.dk//Richterskalaen/"><i>Den Store Danske Encyklopædi</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;3967785"><i>Internetowa encyklopedia PWN</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/Richters_skala"><i>Store norske leksikon</i></a></li> </ul></div></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38768?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2002004635">LCCN</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/7576375-8">GND</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007539735105171">Israël</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/ph516966">Tchéquie</a></span></li> </ul></div></li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:G%C3%A9ologie" title="Portail de la géologie"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Monocline01.svg/35px-Monocline01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Monocline01.svg/52px-Monocline01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Monocline01.svg/69px-Monocline01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1230" data-file-height="860" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:G%C3%A9ologie" title="Portail:Géologie">Portail de la géologie</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:G%C3%A9od%C3%A9sie_et_g%C3%A9ophysique" title="Portail de la géodésie et de la géophysique"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Jordens_inre.svg/23px-Jordens_inre.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Jordens_inre.svg/35px-Jordens_inre.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Jordens_inre.svg/46px-Jordens_inre.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="833" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:G%C3%A9od%C3%A9sie_et_g%C3%A9ophysique" title="Portail:Géodésie et géophysique">Portail de la géodésie et de la géophysique</a></span> </span></li> </ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ce document provient de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Échelle_de_Richter&oldid=220175887">https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Échelle_de_Richter&oldid=220175887</a> ».</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Accueil" title="Catégorie:Accueil">Catégories</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Sismologie" title="Catégorie:Sismologie">Sismologie</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:%C3%89chelle_logarithmique" title="Catégorie:Échelle logarithmique">Échelle logarithmique</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:%C3%89chelle_sismique" title="Catégorie:Échelle sismique">Échelle sismique</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Catégories cachées : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Article_contenant_un_appel_%C3%A0_traduction_en_anglais" title="Catégorie:Article contenant un appel à traduction en anglais">Article contenant un appel à traduction en anglais</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Page_utilisant_un_mod%C3%A8le_Bases_inactif" title="Catégorie:Page utilisant un modèle Bases inactif">Page utilisant un modèle Bases inactif</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Page_utilisant_P1417" title="Catégorie:Page utilisant P1417">Page utilisant P1417</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Page_utilisant_P8313" title="Catégorie:Page utilisant P8313">Page utilisant P8313</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Page_utilisant_P7305" title="Catégorie:Page utilisant P7305">Page utilisant P7305</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Page_utilisant_P4342" title="Catégorie:Page utilisant P4342">Page utilisant P4342</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Page_pointant_vers_des_bases_externes" title="Catégorie:Page pointant vers des bases externes">Page pointant vers des bases externes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Page_pointant_vers_des_dictionnaires_ou_encyclop%C3%A9dies_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ralistes" title="Catégorie:Page pointant vers des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes">Page pointant vers des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Article_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia_avec_notice_d%27autorit%C3%A9" title="Catégorie:Article de Wikipédia avec notice d'autorité">Article de Wikipédia avec notice d'autorité</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:G%C3%A9ologie/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Géologie/Articles liés">Portail:Géologie/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Sciences_de_la_Terre_et_de_l%27Univers/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers/Articles liés">Portail:Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Sciences/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Sciences/Articles liés">Portail:Sciences/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:G%C3%A9od%C3%A9sie_et_g%C3%A9ophysique/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Géodésie et géophysique/Articles liés">Portail:Géodésie et géophysique/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Physique/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Physique/Articles liés">Portail:Physique/Articles liés</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 10 novembre 2024 à 16:13.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><span style="white-space: normal"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citation_et_r%C3%A9utilisation_du_contenu_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia" title="Wikipédia:Citation et réutilisation du contenu de Wikipédia">Droit d'auteur</a> : les textes sont disponibles sous <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions</a> ; d’autres conditions peuvent s’appliquer. Voyez les <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Terms_of_Use/fr">conditions d’utilisation</a> pour plus de détails, ainsi que les <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Cr%C3%A9dits_graphiques" title="Wikipédia:Crédits graphiques">crédits graphiques</a>. En cas de réutilisation des textes de cette page, voyez <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer/%C3%89chelle_de_Richter" title="Spécial:Citer/Échelle de Richter">comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence</a>.<br /> Wikipedia® est une marque déposée de la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, organisation de bienfaisance régie par le paragraphe <a href="/wiki/501c" title="501c">501(c)(3)</a> du code fiscal des États-Unis.</span><br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/fr">Politique de confidentialité</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:%C3%80_propos_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia">À propos de Wikipédia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Avertissements_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9raux">Avertissements</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipédia:Contact">Contact</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code de conduite</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Développeurs</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/fr.wikipedia.org">Statistiques</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Déclaration sur les témoins (cookies)</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//fr.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%89chelle_de_Richter&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Version mobile</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-xrwgm","wgBackendResponseTime":165,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.550","walltime":"0.760","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2376,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":52173,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6000,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":12,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":1,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":9615,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 620.594 1 -total"," 62.48% 387.742 1 Modèle:Liens"," 8.16% 50.670 5 Modèle:Article"," 7.24% 44.916 1 Modèle:Ouvrage"," 6.15% 38.195 1 Modèle:Site_officiel"," 5.73% 35.552 7 Modèle:Sfn"," 4.96% 30.804 1 Modèle:Portail"," 4.62% 28.702 1 Modèle:Homon"," 4.13% 25.632 1 Modèle:Méta_bandeau_de_note"," 3.87% 24.036 1 Modèle:Méta_bandeau"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.388","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":8180398,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-tfj4k","timestamp":"20241129102630","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u00c9chelle de Richter","url":"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%89chelle_de_Richter","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q38768","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q38768","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributeurs aux projets Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondation Wikimedia, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-03-09T17:31:55Z","dateModified":"2024-11-10T15:13:52Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/47\/Ondas_s%C3%ADsmicas_s_p.svg","headline":"mesure de quantit\u00e9 de l'\u00e9nergie lib\u00e9r\u00e9e au foyer d'un s\u00e9isme"}</script> </body> </html>