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</header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sommaire" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sommaire</h2> <button 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<span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section <span>Français</span></span> </button> <ul id="toc-Français-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Étymologie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Étymologie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span><span>Étymologie</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Étymologie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nom_commun" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nom_commun"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span><span>Nom commun</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nom_commun-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prononciation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prononciation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span><span>Prononciation</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prononciation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anagrammes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anagrammes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span><span>Anagrammes</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anagrammes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span><span>Références</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Allemand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Allemand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span><span>Allemand</span></span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Allemand-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section <span>Allemand</span></span> </button> <ul id="toc-Allemand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Étymologie_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Étymologie_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span><span>Étymologie</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Étymologie_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adjectif" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adjectif"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span><span>Adjectif</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adjectif-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Synonymes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Synonymes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span><span>Synonymes</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Synonymes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Antonymes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antonymes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span><span>Antonymes</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antonymes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apparentés_étymologiques" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apparentés_étymologiques"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span><span>Apparentés étymologiques</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apparentés_étymologiques-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adverbe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adverbe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span><span>Adverbe</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adverbe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prononciation_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prononciation_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span><span>Prononciation</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prononciation_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span><span>Références</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ancien_occitan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancien_occitan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span><span>Ancien occitan</span></span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ancien_occitan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section <span>Ancien occitan</span></span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ancien_occitan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Étymologie_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Étymologie_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span><span>Étymologie</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Étymologie_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adjectif_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adjectif_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span><span>Adjectif</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adjectif_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span><span>Références</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anglais" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anglais"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span><span>Anglais</span></span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Anglais-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section <span>Anglais</span></span> </button> <ul id="toc-Anglais-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Étymologie_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Étymologie_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span><span>Étymologie</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Étymologie_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adjectif_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adjectif_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span><span>Adjectif</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adjectif_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Antonymes_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antonymes_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span><span>Antonymes</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antonymes_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nom_commun_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nom_commun_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span><span>Nom commun</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nom_commun_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dérivés" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dérivés"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span><span>Dérivés</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dérivés-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prononciation_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prononciation_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span><span>Prononciation</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prononciation_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Catalan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catalan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span><span>Catalan</span></span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Catalan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section <span>Catalan</span></span> </button> <ul id="toc-Catalan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Étymologie_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Étymologie_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span><span>Étymologie</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Étymologie_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adjectif_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adjectif_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span><span>Adjectif</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adjectif_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dérivés_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dérivés_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span><span>Dérivés</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dérivés_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prononciation_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prononciation_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span><span>Prononciation</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prononciation_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Espagnol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Espagnol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span><span>Espagnol</span></span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Espagnol-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section <span>Espagnol</span></span> </button> <ul id="toc-Espagnol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Étymologie_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Étymologie_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span><span>Étymologie</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Étymologie_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adjectif_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adjectif_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span><span>Adjectif</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adjectif_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dérivés_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dérivés_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.1</span> <span><span>Dérivés</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dérivés_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prononciation_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prononciation_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span><span>Prononciation</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prononciation_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Occitan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Occitan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span><span>Occitan</span></span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Occitan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section <span>Occitan</span></span> </button> <ul id="toc-Occitan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Étymologie_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Étymologie_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span><span>Étymologie</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Étymologie_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adjectif_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adjectif_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span><span>Adjectif</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adjectif_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dérivés_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dérivés_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.1</span> <span><span>Dérivés</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dérivés_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span><span>Références</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portugais" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portugais"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span><span>Portugais</span></span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Portugais-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section <span>Portugais</span></span> </button> <ul id="toc-Portugais-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Étymologie_8" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Étymologie_8"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span><span>Étymologie</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Étymologie_8-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adjectif_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adjectif_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span><span>Adjectif</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adjectif_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dérivés_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dérivés_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2.1</span> <span><span>Dérivés</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dérivés_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prononciation_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prononciation_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span><span>Prononciation</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prononciation_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span><span>Références</span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table des matières" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">formal</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 54 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">54 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – maldivien" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="maldivien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – kurde" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – limbourgeois" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limbourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – malgache" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – norvégien" lang="no" hreflang="no" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Norsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – télougou" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="télougou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://yue.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/formal" title="formal – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="formal" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/formal" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussion:formal&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion au sujet de cette page de contenu (page inexistante) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Modifier la variante de langue" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">français</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/formal"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le wikicode</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/formal" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/formal" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=fr" title="Téléverser une image ou fichier média sur le serveur [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&oldid=35738087" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=formal&id=35738087&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wiktionary.org%2Fwiki%2Fformal"><span>Obtenir l’URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wiktionary.org%2Fwiki%2Fformal"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=formal"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=formal&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Définition, traduction, prononciation, anagramme et synonyme sur le dictionnaire libre Wiktionnaire.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-voir modele-voir"><span class="bandeau-voir-icone"><i>Voir aussi</i></span> : <a href="/wiki/form%C3%A5l" title="formål">formål</a></div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Français"><span id="Fran.C3.A7ais"></span><span class="sectionlangue" id="fr"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Fran%C3%A7ais" title="Portail:Français">Français</a></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Français"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Étymologie"><span id=".C3.89tymologie"></span><span class="titreetym" title="">Étymologie</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Étymologie"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Formique, et alcool, dont on a pris les premières syllabes.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nom_commun"><span class="titredef" id="fr-nom-1">Nom commun</span><span id="fr-nom" style="font-size:0;"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Nom commun"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="flextable flextable-fr-mfsp"> <tbody><tr> <th>Singulier</th> <th>Pluriel </th></tr> <tr> <td><b><span lang="fr" class="lang-fr"><bdi>formal</bdi></span></b> </td> <td><bdi lang="fr" class="lang-fr"><a href="/wiki/formals#fr" title="formals">formals</a></bdi> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/fran%C3%A7ais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/français"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\fɔʁ.mal\</span></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>formal</b> <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/fran%C3%A7ais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/français"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\fɔʁ.mal\</span></a> <span class="ligne-de-forme"><i>masculin</i></span> </p> <ol><li><i>(<span title="La chimie est l’étude de la matière et de ses transformations." id="fr-chimie">Chimie</span>)</i> <a href="/wiki/corps" title="corps">Corps</a> <a href="/wiki/obtenir" title="obtenir">obtenu</a> par l’<a href="/wiki/action" title="action">action</a> de l’<a href="/wiki/acide" title="acide">acide</a> <a href="/wiki/sulfurique" title="sulfurique">sulfurique</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%A9tendu" title="étendu">étendu</a> de <a href="/wiki/peroxyde" title="peroxyde">peroxyde</a> de <a href="/wiki/mangan%C3%A8se" title="manganèse">manganèse</a> sur l’<a href="/wiki/esprit" title="esprit">esprit</a> de <a href="/wiki/bois" title="bois">bois</a>.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prononciation"><span class="titrepron" title="">Prononciation</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Prononciation"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="audio-pronunciation"><span class="audio-region" data-region="Vosges (France)">Vosges (France)</span> : écouter « <span class="audio-word" data-word="formal">formal</span> <span class="audio-ipa" data-ipa=""><span title="Prononciation à préciser">[<small><span class="plainlinks stubedit"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit">Prononciation ?</a></span></small>]</span></span> » <span class="audio-file" data-file="LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-formal.wav"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="LL-Q150_(fra)-LoquaxFR-formal.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-formal.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-formal.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-formal.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-formal.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-formal.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anagrammes"><span class="titreanagr" title="">Anagrammes</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Anagrammes"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> → <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:EditPage/Mod%C3%A8le:anagrammes/fr/aflmor" title="Spécial:EditPage/Modèle:anagrammes/fr/aflmor">Modifier la liste d’anagrammes</a></p><div class="boite"> <div> <div> <div style="column-width: 26em; -webkit-column-width: 26em; -moz-column-width: 26em; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/morfal#fr" title="morfal">morfal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/morfla#fr" title="morfla">morfla</a></li></ul> </div></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span><span class="titreref" title="">Références</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="margin-top:1em;" class="import-notice">Tout ou partie de cet article est extrait du <i><a href="/wiki/Wiktionnaire:Liste_des_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences#Littré_(1872-1877)" title="Wiktionnaire:Liste des références">Dictionnaire de la langue française</a></i>, par <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89mile_Littr%C3%A9" class="extiw" title="w:Émile Littré">Émile Littré</a> (1872-1877), mais l’article a pu être modifié depuis.<i> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artflsrv04.uchicago.edu/philologic4.7/publicdicos/bibliography?head=formal&filename=Littre.*">formal</a>)</i></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Allemand"><span class="sectionlangue" id="de"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Allemand" title="Portail:Allemand">Allemand</a></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Allemand"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Étymologie_2"><span id=".C3.89tymologie_2"></span><span class="titreetym" title="">Étymologie</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Étymologie"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Du latin <i><bdi lang="la" class="lang-la"><a href="/wiki/formalis#la" title="formalis">formalis</a></bdi></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adjectif"><span class="titredef" id="de-adj-1">Adjectif</span><span id="de-adj" style="font-size:0;"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Adjectif"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="flextable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Nature </th> <th scope="col">Terme </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Positif </th> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">formal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Comparatif </th> <td><a href="/wiki/formaler" title="formaler">formaler</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Superlatif </th> <td>am <a href="/wiki/formalsten" title="formalsten">formalsten</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Annexe:D%C3%A9clinaison_en_allemand/formal" title="Annexe:Déclinaison en allemand/formal">Déclinaisons</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>formal</b> <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/allemand" title="Annexe:Prononciation/allemand"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\fɔʁˈmaːl\</span></a> </p> <ol><li>Relatif à la <a href="/wiki/forme" title="forme">forme</a>, et pas au contenu ; <a href="/wiki/formel" title="formel">formel</a>. <ul><li><span class="example"><q><bdi lang="de" class="lang-de"><i>Bis auf ein paar rein <b>formale</b> Fehler ist die Arbeit tadellos.</i></bdi></q></span> <dl><dd><i>La traduction en français de l’<a href="/wiki/Aide:Exemples" title="Aide:Exemples">exemple</a> manque.</i> <span class="plainlinks stubedit">(<a class="external text" href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit">Ajouter</a>)</span></dd></dl></li></ul></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Synonymes"><span class="titresyno" title="">Synonymes</span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=10" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Synonymes"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%A4u%C3%9Ferlich" title="äußerlich">äußerlich</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Antonymes"><span class="titreanto" title="">Antonymes</span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=11" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Antonymes"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/inhaltlich" title="inhaltlich">inhaltlich</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Apparentés_étymologiques"><span id="Apparent.C3.A9s_.C3.A9tymologiques"></span><span class="titreappar" title="">Apparentés étymologiques</span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=12" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Apparentés étymologiques"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/formell" title="formell">formell</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adverbe"><span class="titredef" id="de-adv-1">Adverbe</span><span id="de-adv" style="font-size:0;"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=13" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Adverbe"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>formal</b> <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/allemand" title="Annexe:Prononciation/allemand"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\fɔʁˈmaːl\</span></a> </p> <ol><li>Seulement dans la forme, et pas dans les faits ; <a href="/wiki/sur_le_papier" title="sur le papier">sur le papier</a>. <ul><li><span class="example"><q><bdi lang="de" class="lang-de"><i>Russlands Athleten dürfen bei den Winterspielen nur als Team des Russischen Olympischen Komitees (ROC) ohne Hymne und Fahne antreten. Wegen der Manipulation von Doping-Daten ist das Land <b>formal</b> noch bis Jahresende bei Olympischen Spielen ausgeschlossen.</i></bdi></q> <span class="sources"><span class="tiret">— </span>(<span class="ouvrage"><cite>« "Spekulationen": Wirbel um mutmaßlichen Dopingfall »</cite>, dans <i>Süddeutsche Zeitung</i>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">10 février 2022</span> <small>[<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/sport/olympia-spekulationen-wirbel-um-mutmasslichen-dopingfall-dpa.urn-newsml-dpa-com-20090101-220210-99-62687">texte intégral</a>]</small></span>)</span></span> <dl><dd>Les athlètes russes ne pourront participer aux Jeux d'hiver qu'en tant qu'équipe du Comité olympique russe (ROC), sans hymne ni drapeau. Le pays est formellement exclu des Jeux olympiques jusqu'à la fin de l'année en raison de la manipulation des données sur le dopage.</dd></dl></li> <li><span class="example"><q><bdi lang="de" class="lang-de"><i>Die Ungleichheit zwischen den reichen Küstenregionen (Chinas) und der Bevölkerung innerhalb des Landes ist für ein <b>formal</b> kommunistisches Land inakzeptabel hoch.</i></bdi></q> <span class="sources"><span class="tiret">— </span>(<span class="ouvrage">Florian Müller, <cite>« China ist nicht so stark, wie viele denken »</cite>, dans <i>Süddeutsche Zeitung</i>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">11 novembre 2022</span> <small>[<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sueddeutsche.de/wirtschaft/china-xi-jinping-hamburg-elmos-1.5694023">texte intégral</a>]</small></span>)</span></span> <dl><dd>L'inégalité entre les riches régions côtières (de la Chine) et la population à l'intérieur du pays est inacceptablement élevée pour un pays formellement communiste.</dd></dl></li></ul></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prononciation_2"><span class="titrepron" title="">Prononciation</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=14" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Prononciation"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="audio-pronunciation"><span class="audio-region" data-region="Berlin">Berlin</span> : écouter « <span class="audio-word" data-word="formal">formal</span> <span class="audio-ipa" data-ipa="fɔʁˈmaːl"><a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/allemand" title="Annexe:Prononciation/allemand"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">[fɔʁˈmaːl]</span></a></span> » <span class="audio-file" data-file="De-formal.ogg"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="De-formal.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/De-formal.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/De-formal.ogg/De-formal.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Références_2"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences_2"></span><span class="titreref" title="">Références</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=15" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Wiktionnaire:Liste_des_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences#Duden" title="Wiktionnaire:Liste des références">Duden</a></i>, Bibliographisches Institut GmbH, Berlin <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/formal">formal → consulter cet ouvrage</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ancien_occitan"><span class="sectionlangue" id="pro"><a href="/wiki/ancien_occitan" title="ancien occitan">Ancien occitan</a></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=16" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Ancien occitan"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Étymologie_3"><span id=".C3.89tymologie_3"></span><span class="titreetym" title="">Étymologie</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=17" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Étymologie"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Du latin <i><bdi lang="la" class="lang-la"><a href="/wiki/formalis#la" title="formalis">formalis</a></bdi></i>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adjectif_2"><span class="titredef" id="pro-adj-1">Adjectif</span><span id="pro-adj" style="font-size:0;"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=18" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Adjectif"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>formal</b> <span class="ligne-de-forme"><i>masculin</i></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/formel" title="formel">Formel</a>.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Références_3"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences_3"></span><span class="titreref" title="">Références</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=19" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Raynouard" class="extiw" title="w:François Raynouard">François Raynouard</a>, <i>Lexique roman ou Dictionnaire de la langue des troubadours, comparée avec les autres langues de l’Europe latine</i>, 1838–1844 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37400109d">→ consulter cet ouvrage</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anglais"><span class="sectionlangue" id="en"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Anglais" title="Portail:Anglais">Anglais</a></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=20" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Anglais"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Étymologie_4"><span id=".C3.89tymologie_4"></span><span class="titreetym" title="">Étymologie</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=21" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Étymologie"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Du latin <i><bdi lang="la" class="lang-la"><a href="/wiki/formalis#la" title="formalis">formalis</a></bdi></i>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adjectif_3"><span class="titredef" id="en-adj-1">Adjectif</span><span id="en-adj" style="font-size:0;"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=22" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Adjectif"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>formal</b> <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/anglais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/anglais"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\ˈfɔɹ.məl\</span></a> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/formel" title="formel">Formel</a>.</li> <li><span class="term"><i>(<span class="texte">Langage</span>)</i></span> <a href="/wiki/soutenu" title="soutenu">Soutenu</a>. <ul><li><span class="example"><q><bdi lang="en" class="lang-en"><i>In scientific works, one should always use <b>formal</b> language.</i></bdi></q></span> <dl><dd><i>La traduction en français de l’<a href="/wiki/Aide:Exemples" title="Aide:Exemples">exemple</a> manque.</i> <span class="plainlinks stubedit">(<a class="external text" href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit">Ajouter</a>)</span></dd></dl></li></ul></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Antonymes_2"><span class="titreanto" title="">Antonymes</span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=23" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Antonymes"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><bdi lang="en" class="lang-en"><a href="/wiki/informal#en" title="informal">informal</a></bdi></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nom_commun_2"><span class="titredef" id="en-nom-1">Nom commun</span><span id="en-nom" style="font-size:0;"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=24" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Nom commun"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>formal</b> </p> <table class="flextable flextable-en"> <tbody><tr> <th>Singulier</th> <th>Pluriel </th></tr> <tr> <td><b><span lang="en" class="lang-en"><bdi>formal</bdi></span></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/anglais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/anglais"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\ˈfɔɹ.məl\</span></a> </td> <td><bdi lang="en" class="lang-en"><a href="/wiki/formals#en-flex-nom" title="formals">formals</a></bdi><br /><a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/anglais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/anglais"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\ˈfɔɹ.məlz\</span></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ol><li><i>(<span title="La programmation est l’écriture de programmes informatiques." id="en-programmation">Programmation</span>)</i> <a href="/wiki/param%C3%A8tre_formel" title="paramètre formel">Paramètre formel</a>.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dérivés"><span id="D.C3.A9riv.C3.A9s"></span><span class="titrederiv" title="">Dérivés</span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=25" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Dérivés"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><bdi lang="en" class="lang-en"><a href="/wiki/formal_parameter#en" title="formal parameter">formal parameter</a></bdi></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prononciation_3"><span class="titrepron" title="">Prononciation</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=26" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Prononciation"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="audio-pronunciation"><span class="audio-region" data-region="<span id="région">''(États-Unis)''</span>"><span id="région"><i>(États-Unis)</i></span></span> : écouter « <span class="audio-word" data-word="formal">formal</span> <span class="audio-ipa" data-ipa="ˈfɔɹ.məl"><a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/anglais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/anglais"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">[ˈfɔɹ.məl]</span></a></span> » <span class="audio-file" data-file="En-us-formal.ogg"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_2" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="En-us-formal.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-formal.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-formal.ogg/En-us-formal.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Catalan"><span class="sectionlangue" id="ca"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Catalan" title="Portail:Catalan">Catalan</a></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=27" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Catalan"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Étymologie_5"><span id=".C3.89tymologie_5"></span><span class="titreetym" title="">Étymologie</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=28" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Étymologie"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Du latin <i><bdi lang="la" class="lang-la"><a href="/wiki/formalis#la" title="formalis">formalis</a></bdi></i>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adjectif_4"><span class="titredef" id="ca-adj-1">Adjectif</span><span id="ca-adj" style="font-size:0;"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=29" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Adjectif"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="flextable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th bgcolor="#EEEEFF">Singulier </th> <th bgcolor="#EEEEFF">Pluriel </th></tr> <tr> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">formal</a><span class=".pron-API-SAMPA"><br /><span title="Prononciation à préciser">\<small><span class="plainlinks stubedit"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit">Prononciation ?</a></span></small>\</span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/formals" title="formals">formals</a><span class=".pron-API-SAMPA"><br /><span title="Prononciation à préciser">\<small><span class="plainlinks stubedit"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit">Prononciation ?</a></span></small>\</span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>formal</b> <span title="Prononciation à préciser">[<small><span class="plainlinks stubedit"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit">Prononciation ?</a></span></small>]</span> <span class="ligne-de-forme"><i>masculin et féminin identiques</i></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/formel" title="formel">Formel</a>.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dérivés_2"><span id="D.C3.A9riv.C3.A9s_2"></span><span class="titrederiv" title="">Dérivés</span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=30" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Dérivés"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=formalment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="formalment (page inexistante)">formalment</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prononciation_4"><span class="titrepron" title="">Prononciation</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=31" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Prononciation"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="audio-pronunciation"><span class="audio-region" data-region="El Prat de Llobregat (Espagne)">El Prat de Llobregat (Espagne)</span> : écouter « <span class="audio-word" data-word="formal">formal</span> <span class="audio-ipa" data-ipa=""><span title="Prononciation à préciser">[<small><span class="plainlinks stubedit"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit">Prononciation ?</a></span></small>]</span></span> » <span class="audio-file" data-file="LL-Q7026 (cat)-Unjoanqualsevol-formal.wav"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_3" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="LL-Q7026_(cat)-Unjoanqualsevol-formal.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e7/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-formal.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-formal.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e7/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-formal.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-formal.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-formal.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Espagnol"><span class="sectionlangue" id="es"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Espagnol" title="Portail:Espagnol">Espagnol</a></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=32" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Espagnol"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Étymologie_6"><span id=".C3.89tymologie_6"></span><span class="titreetym" title="">Étymologie</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=33" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Étymologie"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Du latin <i><bdi lang="la" class="lang-la"><a href="/wiki/formalis#la" title="formalis">formalis</a></bdi></i>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adjectif_5"><span class="titredef" id="es-adj-1">Adjectif</span><span id="es-adj" style="font-size:0;"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=34" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Adjectif"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="flextable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Singulier </th> <th>Pluriel </th></tr> <tr> <td><b><span lang="es" class="lang-es"><bdi>formal</bdi></span></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/espagnol" title="Annexe:Prononciation/espagnol"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">[foɾˈmal]</span></a> </td> <td><bdi lang="es" class="lang-es"><a href="/wiki/formales#es" title="formales">formales</a></bdi><br /><a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/espagnol" title="Annexe:Prononciation/espagnol"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">[foɾˈmales]</span></a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>formal</b> <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/espagnol" title="Annexe:Prononciation/espagnol"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\foɾˈmal\</span></a> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/formel" title="formel">Formel</a>. <ul><li><span class="example"><q><bdi lang="es" class="lang-es"><i>(esos militantes de los derechos humanos) libraban un combate perdido de antemano en un país que se preocupa poco por las libertades <b>formal</b>es, con tal de que cada cual tenga derecho a enriquecerse.</i></bdi></q> <span class="sources"><span class="tiret">— </span>(<cite style="font-style:normal" class="ouvrage" id="CITEREFEmmanuel_Carrère2012"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmanuel_Carr%C3%A8re" class="extiw" title="w:Emmanuel Carrère">Emmanuel Carrère</a>, traduit par Jaime Zulaika Goicoechea, <i>Limónov</i>, Anagrama, 2012</cite>)</span></span> <dl><dd>(ces militants des droits de l’homme) menaient un combat perdu d’avance dans un pays où l’on se soucie peu des libertés formelles pourvu que chacun ait le droit de s’enrichir.</dd></dl></li></ul></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dérivés_3"><span id="D.C3.A9riv.C3.A9s_3"></span><span class="titrederiv" title="">Dérivés</span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=35" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Dérivés"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/formalmente" title="formalmente">formalmente</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prononciation_5"><span class="titrepron" title="">Prononciation</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=36" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Prononciation"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="audio-pronunciation"><span class="audio-region" data-region="Venezuela">Venezuela</span> : écouter « <span class="audio-word" data-word="formal">formal</span> <span class="audio-ipa" data-ipa="forˈmal"><a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/espagnol" title="Annexe:Prononciation/espagnol"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">[forˈmal]</span></a></span> » <span class="audio-file" data-file="LL-Q1321 (spa)-Marreromarco-formal.wav"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_4" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="LL-Q1321_(spa)-Marreromarco-formal.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5a/LL-Q1321_%28spa%29-Marreromarco-formal.wav/LL-Q1321_%28spa%29-Marreromarco-formal.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5a/LL-Q1321_%28spa%29-Marreromarco-formal.wav/LL-Q1321_%28spa%29-Marreromarco-formal.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/LL-Q1321_%28spa%29-Marreromarco-formal.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Occitan"><span class="sectionlangue" id="oc"><a href="/wiki/occitan" title="occitan">Occitan</a></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=37" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Occitan"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Étymologie_7"><span id=".C3.89tymologie_7"></span><span class="titreetym" title="">Étymologie</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=38" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Étymologie"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Du latin <i><bdi lang="la" class="lang-la"><a href="/wiki/formalis#la" title="formalis">formalis</a></bdi></i>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adjectif_6"><span class="titredef" id="oc-adj-1">Adjectif</span><span id="oc-adj" style="font-size:0;"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=39" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Adjectif"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="flextable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Nombre </th> <th>Singulier </th> <th>Pluriel </th></tr> <tr> <td class="titre">Masculin </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">formal</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/occitan" title="Annexe:Prononciation/occitan"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\fuɾ.ˈmal\</span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/formals" title="formals">formals</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/occitan" title="Annexe:Prononciation/occitan"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\fuɾ.ˈmals\</span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="titre">Féminin </td> <td><a href="/wiki/formala" title="formala">formala</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/occitan" title="Annexe:Prononciation/occitan"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\fuɾ.ˈma.lo̞\</span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/formalas" title="formalas">formalas</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/occitan" title="Annexe:Prononciation/occitan"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\fuɾ.ˈma.lo̞s\</span></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>formal</b> <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/occitan" title="Annexe:Prononciation/occitan"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\fuɾ.ˈmal\</span></a> (<i><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norme_classique_de_l%27occitan" class="extiw" title="w:Norme classique de l'occitan">graphie normalisée</a></i>) </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/formel" title="formel">Formel</a>.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dérivés_4"><span id="D.C3.A9riv.C3.A9s_4"></span><span class="titrederiv" title="">Dérivés</span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=40" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Dérivés"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/formalament" title="formalament">formalament</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Références_4"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences_4"></span><span class="titreref" title="">Références</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=41" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congr%C3%A8s_permanent_de_la_lenga_occitana" class="extiw" title="w:Congrès permanent de la lenga occitana">Congrès permanent de la lenga occitana</a>, <i>20 dictionnaires occitans en ligne</i>, XIX - XX s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dicodoc.eu/fr/">→ consulter cet ouvrage</a></li> <li><span title="en occitan">(oc)</span> <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_de_Cantalausa" class="extiw" title="w:Joan de Cantalausa">Joan de Cantalausa</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Wiktionnaire:Liste_des_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences#Cantalausa" title="Wiktionnaire:Liste des références">Diccionari General Occitan a partir dels parlars lengadocians</a></i>, 2002, <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="extiw" title="w:International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/2-912293-04-9" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/2-912293-04-9">2-912293-04-9</a>, C.A.O.C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ieo12.org/diccionari_1">→ consulter cet ouvrage</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Laux" class="extiw" title="w:Christian Laux">Christian Laux</a>, <i><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictionnaire_occitan-fran%C3%A7ais_(Laux)" class="extiw" title="w:Dictionnaire occitan-français (Laux)">Dictionnaire occitan-français (Laux)</a></i>, Institut d’Estudis Occitans, 2001 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dicodoc.eu/fr/">→ consulter en ligne</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josiane_Ubaud" class="extiw" title="w:Josiane Ubaud">Josiane Ubaud</a>, <i><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diccionari_ortografic,_gramatical_e_morfologic_de_l%27occitan" class="extiw" title="w:Diccionari ortografic, gramatical e morfologic de l'occitan">Diccionari ortografic, gramatical e morfologic de l’occitan segon los parlars lengadocians</a></i>, Trabucaire, 2011, <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="extiw" title="w:International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-84974-125-2" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-84974-125-2">978-2-84974-125-2</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Portugais"><span class="sectionlangue" id="pt"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Portugais" title="Portail:Portugais">Portugais</a></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=42" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Portugais"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Étymologie_8"><span id=".C3.89tymologie_8"></span><span class="titreetym" title="">Étymologie</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=43" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Étymologie"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Du latin <i><bdi lang="la" class="lang-la"><a href="/wiki/formalis#la" title="formalis">formalis</a></bdi></i>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adjectif_7"><span class="titredef" id="pt-adj-1">Adjectif</span><span id="pt-adj" style="font-size:0;"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=44" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Adjectif"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="flextable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Singulier</th> <th>Pluriel </th></tr> <tr> <td><b><span lang="pt" class="lang-pt"><bdi>formal</bdi></span></b> </td> <td><bdi lang="pt" class="lang-pt"><a href="/wiki/formais#pt" title="formais">formais</a></bdi> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>formal</b> <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/portugais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/portugais"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\foɾ.mˈaɫ\</span></a> (Lisbonne) <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/portugais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/portugais"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\foɾ.mˈaw\</span></a> (São Paulo) <span class="ligne-de-forme"><i>masculin et féminin identiques</i></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/formel" title="formel">Formel</a>.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dérivés_5"><span id="D.C3.A9riv.C3.A9s_5"></span><span class="titrederiv" title="">Dérivés</span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=45" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Dérivés"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/formalmente" title="formalmente">formalmente</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prononciation_6"><span class="titrepron" title="">Prononciation</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=46" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Prononciation"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Lisbonne: <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/portugais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/portugais"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\foɾ.mˈaɫ\</span></a> (langue standard), <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/portugais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/portugais"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\foɾ.mˈaɫ\</span></a> (langage familier)</li> <li>São Paulo: <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/portugais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/portugais"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\foɾ.mˈaw\</span></a> (langue standard), <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/portugais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/portugais"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\foɽ.mˈaw\</span></a> (langage familier)</li> <li>Rio de Janeiro: <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/portugais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/portugais"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\foɦ.mˈaw\</span></a> (langue standard), <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/portugais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/portugais"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\foɦ.mˈaw\</span></a> (langage familier)</li> <li>Maputo: <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/portugais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/portugais"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\fɔr.mˈaɫ\</span></a> (langue standard), <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/portugais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/portugais"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\fɔr.mˈaɫ\</span></a> (langage familier)</li> <li>Luanda: <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/portugais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/portugais"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\foɾ.mˈaw\</span></a></li> <li>Dili: <a href="/wiki/Annexe:Prononciation/portugais" title="Annexe:Prononciation/portugais"><span class="API" title="Prononciation API">\foɾ.mˈaw\</span></a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Références_5"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences_5"></span><span class="titreref" title="">Références</span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=formal&action=edit&section=47" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>« formal », dans <i><a href="/wiki/Wiktionnaire:Liste_des_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences#Dicionário_Fonético" title="Wiktionnaire:Liste des références">Portal da linguá portuguesa: Dicionário Fonético</a></i>, Instituto de linguística teórica e computacional (ILTeC), de Simone Ashby ; Sílvia Barbosa ; Silvia Brandão ; José Pedro Ferreira ; Maarten Janssen ; Catarina Silva ; Mário Eduardo Viaro (2012), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.isca-speech.org/archive/pdfs/interspeech_2012/ashby12_interspeech.pdf">“A Rule Based Pronunciation Generator and Regional Accent Databank for Portuguese”</a>, in <i>Proceedings of Interspeech 2012, ISCA’s 13th Annual Conference, Portland, OR, USA, September 9-13, 2012</i>, International Speech Communication Association, p. 1886-1887 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.portaldalinguaportuguesa.org/%3E?action=fonetica&region=lbx&act=details&id=14997">→ consulter cet ouvrage</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Récupérée de "<a dir="ltr" href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=formal&oldid=35738087">https://fr.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=formal&oldid=35738087</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Cat%C3%A9gories" title="Spécial:Catégories">Catégories</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:fran%C3%A7ais" title="Catégorie:français">français</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Lemmes_en_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Catégorie:Lemmes en français">Lemmes en français</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Noms_communs_en_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Catégorie:Noms communs en français">Noms communs en français</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Lexique_en_fran%C3%A7ais_de_la_chimie" title="Catégorie:Lexique en français de la chimie">Lexique en français de la chimie</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:allemand" title="Catégorie:allemand">allemand</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Mots_en_fran%C3%A7ais_issus_d%E2%80%99un_mot_en_latin" title="Catégorie:Mots en français issus d’un mot en latin">Mots en français issus d’un mot en latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Lemmes_en_allemand" title="Catégorie:Lemmes en allemand">Lemmes en allemand</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Adjectifs_en_allemand" title="Catégorie:Adjectifs en allemand">Adjectifs en allemand</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Exemples_en_allemand" title="Catégorie:Exemples en allemand">Exemples en allemand</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Adverbes_en_allemand" title="Catégorie:Adverbes en allemand">Adverbes en allemand</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:ancien_occitan" title="Catégorie:ancien occitan">ancien occitan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Mots_en_ancien_occitan_issus_d%E2%80%99un_mot_en_latin" title="Catégorie:Mots en ancien occitan issus d’un mot en latin">Mots en ancien occitan issus d’un mot en latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Adjectifs_en_ancien_occitan" title="Catégorie:Adjectifs en ancien occitan">Adjectifs en ancien occitan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:anglais" title="Catégorie:anglais">anglais</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Mots_en_anglais_issus_d%E2%80%99un_mot_en_latin" title="Catégorie:Mots en anglais issus d’un mot en latin">Mots en anglais issus d’un mot en latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Lemmes_en_anglais" title="Catégorie:Lemmes en anglais">Lemmes en anglais</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Adjectifs_en_anglais" title="Catégorie:Adjectifs en anglais">Adjectifs en anglais</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Exemples_en_anglais" title="Catégorie:Exemples en anglais">Exemples en anglais</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Noms_communs_en_anglais" title="Catégorie:Noms communs en anglais">Noms communs en anglais</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Lexique_en_anglais_de_la_programmation" title="Catégorie:Lexique en anglais de la programmation">Lexique en anglais de la programmation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:catalan" title="Catégorie:catalan">catalan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Mots_en_catalan_issus_d%E2%80%99un_mot_en_latin" title="Catégorie:Mots en catalan issus d’un mot en latin">Mots en catalan issus d’un mot en latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Adjectifs_en_catalan" title="Catégorie:Adjectifs en catalan">Adjectifs en catalan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:espagnol" title="Catégorie:espagnol">espagnol</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Mots_en_espagnol_issus_d%E2%80%99un_mot_en_latin" title="Catégorie:Mots en espagnol issus d’un mot en latin">Mots en espagnol issus d’un mot en latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Lemmes_en_espagnol" title="Catégorie:Lemmes en espagnol">Lemmes en espagnol</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Adjectifs_en_espagnol" title="Catégorie:Adjectifs en espagnol">Adjectifs en espagnol</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Exemples_en_espagnol" title="Catégorie:Exemples en espagnol">Exemples en espagnol</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:occitan" title="Catégorie:occitan">occitan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Mots_en_occitan_issus_d%E2%80%99un_mot_en_latin" title="Catégorie:Mots en occitan issus d’un mot en latin">Mots en occitan issus d’un mot en latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Adjectifs_en_occitan" title="Catégorie:Adjectifs en occitan">Adjectifs en occitan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Occitan_en_graphie_normalis%C3%A9e" title="Catégorie:Occitan en graphie normalisée">Occitan en graphie normalisée</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Mots_en_occitan_suffix%C3%A9s_avec_-al" title="Catégorie:Mots en occitan suffixés avec -al">Mots en occitan suffixés avec -al</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:portugais" title="Catégorie:portugais">portugais</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Mots_en_portugais_issus_d%E2%80%99un_mot_en_latin" title="Catégorie:Mots en portugais issus d’un mot en latin">Mots en portugais issus d’un mot en latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Lemmes_en_portugais" title="Catégorie:Lemmes en portugais">Lemmes en portugais</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Adjectifs_en_portugais" title="Catégorie:Adjectifs en portugais">Adjectifs en portugais</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Catégories cachées : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Prononciations_audio_en_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Catégorie:Prononciations audio en français">Prononciations audio en français</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Wiktionnaire:Prononciations_phon%C3%A9tiques_manquantes_en_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Catégorie:Wiktionnaire:Prononciations phonétiques manquantes en 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