CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: TRACE</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: TRACE"> <meta name="keywords" content="TRACE"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="TRACE" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="TRACE"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 151</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: TRACE</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">151</span> The Establishment and Application of TRACE/FRAPTRAN Model for Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20W.%20Chen">S. W. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=W.%20K.%20Lin"> W. K. Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang"> J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Shih"> C. Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20T.%20Lin"> H. T. Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20C.%20Chang"> H. C. Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=W.%20Y.%20Li"> W. Y. Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Kuosheng nuclear power plant (NPP) is a BWR/6 type NPP and located on the northern coast of Taiwan. First, Kuosheng NPP TRACE model were developed in this research. In order to assess the system response of Kuosheng NPP TRACE model, startup tests data were used to evaluate Kuosheng NPP TRACE model. Second, the overpressurization transient analysis of Kuosheng NPP TRACE model was performed. Besides, in order to confirm the mechanical property and integrity of fuel rods, FRAPTRAN analysis was also performed in this study.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE" title="TRACE">TRACE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Safety%20analysis" title=" Safety analysis"> Safety analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=BWR%2F6" title=" BWR/6"> BWR/6</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=FRAPTRAN." title=" FRAPTRAN."> FRAPTRAN.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999812/the-establishment-and-application-of-tracefraptran-model-for-kuosheng-nuclear-power-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999812/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999812/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999812/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999812/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999812/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999812/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999812/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999812/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999812/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999812/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999812.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">150</span> Using TRACE and SNAP Codes to Establish the Model of Maanshan PWR for SBO Accident</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20R.%20Shen">B. R. Shen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang"> J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20H.%20Yang"> J. H. Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20W.%20Chen"> S. W. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Shih"> C. Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20Chiang"> Y. Chiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20F.%20Chang"> Y. F. Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20H.%20Huang"> Y. H. Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this research, TRACE code with the interface code-SNAP was used to simulate and analyze the SBO (station blackout) accident which occurred in Maanshan PWR (pressurized water reactor) nuclear power plant (NPP). There are four main steps in this research. First, the SBO accident data of Maanshan NPP were collected. Second, the TRACE/SNAP model of Maanshan NPP was established by using these data. Third, this TRACE/SNAP model was used to perform the simulation and analysis of SBO accident. Finally, the simulation and analysis of SBO with mitigation equipments was performed. The analysis results of TRACE are consistent with the data of Maanshan NPP. The mitigation equipments of Maanshan can maintain the safety of Maanshan in the SBO according to the TRACE predictions.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PWR" title="PWR">PWR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE" title=" TRACE"> TRACE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SBO" title=" SBO"> SBO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Maanshan." title=" Maanshan."> Maanshan.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009604/using-trace-and-snap-codes-to-establish-the-model-of-maanshan-pwr-for-sbo-accident" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009604/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009604/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009604/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009604/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009604/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009604/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009604/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009604/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009604/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009604/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009604.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">767</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">149</span> Using TRACE, PARCS, and SNAP Codes to Analyze the Load Rejection Transient of ABWR</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang">J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20C.%20Chang"> H. C. Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20L.%20Ho"> A. L. Ho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20H.%20Yang"> J. H. Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20W.%20Chen"> S. W. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Shih"> C. Shih </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The purpose of the study is to analyze the load rejection transient of ABWR by using TRACE, PARCS, and SNAP codes. This study has some steps. First, using TRACE, PARCS, and SNAP codes establish the model of ABWR. Second, the key parameters are identified to refine the TRACE/PARCS/SNAP model further in the frame of a steady state analysis. Third, the TRACE/PARCS/SNAP model is used to perform the load rejection transient analysis. Finally, the FSAR data are used to compare with the analysis results. The results of TRACE/PARCS are consistent with the FSAR data for the important parameters. It indicates that the TRACE/PARCS/SNAP model of ABWR has a good accuracy in the load rejection transient.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ABWR" title="ABWR">ABWR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE" title=" TRACE"> TRACE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PARCS" title=" PARCS"> PARCS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SNAP." title=" SNAP."> SNAP.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009944/using-trace-parcs-and-snap-codes-to-analyze-the-load-rejection-transient-of-abwr" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009944/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009944/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009944/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009944/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009944/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009944/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009944/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009944/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009944/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009944/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009944.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">825</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">148</span> TRACE/FRAPTRAN Analysis of Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant Dry-Storage System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang">J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20Chiang"> Y. Chiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=W.%20Y.%20Li"> W. Y. Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20T.%20Lin"> H. T. Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20C.%20Chen"> H. C. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Shih"> C. Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20W.%20Chen"> S. W. Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The dry-storage systems of nuclear power plants (NPPs) in Taiwan have become one of the major safety concerns. There are two steps considered in this study. The first step is the verification of the TRACE by using VSC-17 experimental data. The results of TRACE were similar to the VSC-17 data. It indicates that TRACE has the respectable accuracy in the simulation and analysis of the dry-storage systems. The next step is the application of TRACE in the dry-storage system of Kuosheng NPP (BWR/6). Kuosheng NPP is the second BWR NPP of Taiwan Power Company. In order to solve the storage of the spent fuels, Taiwan Power Company developed the new dry-storage system for Kuosheng NPP. In this step, the dry-storage system model of Kuosheng NPP was established by TRACE. Then, the steady state simulation of this model was performed and the results of TRACE were compared with the Kuosheng NPP data. Finally, this model was used to perform the safety analysis of Kuosheng NPP dry-storage system. Besides, FRAPTRAN was used tocalculate the transient performance of fuel rods.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=BWR" title="BWR">BWR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE" title=" TRACE"> TRACE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=FRAPTRAN" title=" FRAPTRAN"> FRAPTRAN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dry-Storage." title=" Dry-Storage."> Dry-Storage.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998796/tracefraptran-analysis-of-kuosheng-nuclear-power-plant-dry-storage-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998796/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998796/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998796/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998796/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998796/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998796/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998796/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998796/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998796/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998796/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998796.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2082</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">147</span> Turbine Trip without Bypass Analysis of Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant Using TRACE Coupling with FRAPTRAN</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang">J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20T.%20Lin"> H. T. Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20C.%20Chang"> H. C. Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=W.%20K.%20Lin"> W. K. Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=W.%20Y.%20Li"> W. Y. Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Shih"> C. Shih</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This analysis of Kuosheng nuclear power plant (NPP) was performed mainly by TRACE, assisted with FRAPTRAN and FRAPCON. SNAP v2.2.1 and TRACE v5.0p3 are used to develop the Kuosheng NPP SPU TRACE model which can simulate the turbine trip without bypass transient. From the analysis of TRACE, the important parameters such as dome pressure, coolant temperature and pressure can be determined. Through these parameters, comparing with the criteria which were formulated by United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (U.S. NRC), we can determine whether the Kuoshengnuclear power plant failed or not in the accident analysis. However, from the data of TRACE, the fuel rods status cannot be determined. With the information from TRACE and burn-up analysis obtained from FRAPCON, FRAPTRAN analyzes more details about the fuel rods in this transient. Besides, through the SNAP interface, the data results can be presented as an animation. From the animation, the TRACE and FRAPTRAN data can be merged together that may be realized by the readers more easily. In this research, TRACE showed that the maximum dome pressure of the reactor reaches to 8.32 MPa, which is lower than the acceptance limit 9.58 MPa. Furthermore, FRAPTRAN revels that the maximum strain is about 0.00165, which is below the criteria 0.01. In addition, cladding enthalpy is 52.44 cal/g which is lower than 170 cal/g specified by the USNRC NUREG-0800 Standard Review Plan.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Turbine%20trip%20without%20bypass" title="Turbine trip without bypass">Turbine trip without bypass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kuosheng%20NPP" title=" Kuosheng NPP"> Kuosheng NPP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE" title=" TRACE"> TRACE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=FRAPTRAN" title=" FRAPTRAN"> FRAPTRAN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SNAP%20animation." title=" SNAP animation."> SNAP animation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999156/turbine-trip-without-bypass-analysis-of-kuosheng-nuclear-power-plant-using-trace-coupling-with-fraptran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999156/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999156/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999156/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999156/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999156/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999156/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999156/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999156/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999156/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999156/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999156.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">146</span> The Analysis and Simulation of TRACE in the Ultimate Response Guideline for Chinshan BWR/4 Nuclear Power Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang">J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20T.%20Lin"> H. T. Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20C.%20Chen"> H. C. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Shih"> C. Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20W.%20Chen"> S. W. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20C.%20Chiang"> S. C. Chiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20C.%20Liu"> C. C. Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, TRACE model of Chinshan BWR/4 nuclear power plant (NPP) has been developed for the simulation and analysis of ultimate response guideline (URG).The main actions of URG are the depressurization and low pressure water injection of reactor and containment venting. This research focuses to verify the URG efficiency under Fukushima-like conditions. TRACE analysis results show that the URG can keep the PCT below the criteria 1088.7 K under Fukushima-like conditions. It indicated that Chinshan NPP was safe. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=BWR" title="BWR">BWR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE" title=" TRACE"> TRACE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=safety%20analysis" title=" safety analysis"> safety analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=URG." title=" URG."> URG.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001599/the-analysis-and-simulation-of-trace-in-the-ultimate-response-guideline-for-chinshan-bwr4-nuclear-power-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001599/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001599/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001599/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001599/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001599/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001599/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001599/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001599/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001599/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001599/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001599.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">145</span> The Main Steamline Break Transient Analysis for Advanced Boiling Water Reactor Using TRACE, PARCS, and SNAP Codes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20C.%20Chang">H. C. Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang"> J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20L.%20Ho"> A. L. Ho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20W.%20Chen"> S. W. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20H.%20Yang"> J. H. Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Shih"> C. Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20C.%20Wang"> L. C. Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>To confirm the reactor and containment integrity of the Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (ABWR), we perform the analysis of main steamline break (MSLB) transient by using the TRACE, PARCS, and SNAP codes. The process of the research has four steps. First, the ABWR nuclear power plant (NPP) model is developed by using the above codes. Second, the steady state analysis is performed by using this model. Third, the ABWR model is used to run the analysis of MSLB transient. Fourth, the predictions of TRACE and PARCS are compared with the data of FSAR. The results of TRACE/PARCS and FSAR are similar. According to the TRACE/PARCS results, the reactor and containment integrity of ABWR can be maintained in a safe condition for MSLB.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ABWR" title="ABWR">ABWR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE" title=" TRACE"> TRACE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PARCS" title=" PARCS"> PARCS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SNAP." title=" SNAP."> SNAP.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009768/the-main-steamline-break-transient-analysis-for-advanced-boiling-water-reactor-using-trace-parcs-and-snap-codes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009768/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009768/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009768/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009768/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009768/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009768/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009768/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009768/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009768/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009768/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009768.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">735</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">144</span> The Study of Ultimate Response Guideline of Kuosheng BWR/6 Nuclear Power Plant Using TRACE and SNAP</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang">J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20H.%20Yang"> J. H. Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20Chiang"> Y. Chiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20C.%20Chen"> H. C. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Shih"> C. Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20W.%20Chen"> S. W. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20C.%20Chiang"> S. C. Chiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Y.%20Yu"> T. Y. Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study of ultimate response guideline (URG), Kuosheng BWR/6 nuclear power plant (NPP) TRACE model was established. The reactor depressurization, low pressure water injection, and containment venting are the main actions of URG. This research focuses to evaluate the efficiency of URG under Fukushima-like conditions. Additionally, the sensitivity study of URG was also performed in this research. The analysis results of TRACE present that URG can keep the peak cladding temperature (PCT) below 1088.7 K (the failure criteria) under Fukushima-like conditions. It implied that Kuosheng NPP was at the safe situation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=BWR" title="BWR">BWR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE" title=" TRACE"> TRACE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=safety%20analysis" title=" safety analysis"> safety analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=URG." title=" URG."> URG.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006634/the-study-of-ultimate-response-guideline-of-kuosheng-bwr6-nuclear-power-plant-using-trace-and-snap" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006634/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006634/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006634/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006634/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006634/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006634/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006634/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006634/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006634/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006634/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006634.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">143</span> An Assessment of Water and Sediment Quality of the Danube River: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Trace Metals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Szab%C3%B3%20Nagy">A. Szab贸 Nagy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Szab%C3%B3"> J. Szab贸</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Vass"> I. Vass</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Water and sediment samples from the Danube River and Moson Danube Arm (Hungary) have been collected and analyzed for contamination by 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and eight trace metal(loid)s (As, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cd, Hg and Zn) in the period of 2014-2015. Moreover, the trace metal(loid) concentrations were measured in the Rába and Marcal rivers (parts of the tributary system feeding the Danube). Total PAH contents in water were found to vary from 0.016 to 0.133 µg/L and concentrations in sediments varied in the range of 0.118 mg/kg and 0.283 mg/kg. Source analysis of PAHs using diagnostic concentration ratios indicated that PAHs found in sediments were of pyrolytic origins. The dissolved trace metal and arsenic concentrations were relatively low in the surface waters. However, higher concentrations were detected in the water samples of Rába (Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb) and Marcal (As, Cu, Ni, Pb) compared to the Danube and Moson Danube. The concentrations of trace metals in sediments were higher than those found in water samples.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Surface%20water" title="Surface water">Surface water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sediment" title=" sediment"> sediment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PAH" title=" PAH"> PAH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=trace%20metal." title=" trace metal. "> trace metal. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008695/an-assessment-of-water-and-sediment-quality-of-the-danube-river-polycyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbons-and-trace-metals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008695/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008695/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008695/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008695/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008695/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008695/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008695/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008695/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008695/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008695/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008695.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">779</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">142</span> The Model Establishment and Analysis of TRACE/FRAPTRAN for Chinshan Nuclear Power Plant Spent Fuel Pool</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang">J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20T.%20Lin"> H. T. Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20S.%20Tseng"> Y. S. Tseng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=W.%20Y.%20Li"> W. Y. Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20C.%20Chen"> H. C. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20W.%20Chen"> S. W. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Shih"> C. Shih</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> TRACE is developed by U.S. NRC for the nuclear power plants (NPPs) safety analysis. We focus on the establishment and application of TRACE/FRAPTRAN/SNAP models for Chinshan NPP (BWR/4) spent fuel pool in this research. The geometry is 12.17 m × 7.87 m × 11.61 m for the spent fuel pool. In this study, there are three TRACE/SNAP models: one-channel, two-channel, and multi-channel TRACE/SNAP model. Additionally, the cooling system failure of the spent fuel pool was simulated and analyzed by using the above models. According to the analysis results, the peak cladding temperature response was more accurate in the multi-channel TRACE/SNAP model. The results depicted that the uncovered of the fuels occurred at 2.7 day after the cooling system failed. In order to estimate the detailed fuel rods performance, FRAPTRAN code was used in this research. According to the results of FRAPTRAN, the highest cladding temperature located on the node 21 of the fuel rod (the highest node at node 23) and the cladding burst roughly after 3.7 day. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE" title="TRACE">TRACE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=FRAPTRAN" title=" FRAPTRAN"> FRAPTRAN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SNAP" title=" SNAP"> SNAP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=spent%20fuel%20pool." title=" spent fuel pool."> spent fuel pool.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004585/the-model-establishment-and-analysis-of-tracefraptran-for-chinshan-nuclear-power-plant-spent-fuel-pool" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004585/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004585/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004585/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004585/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004585/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004585/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004585/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004585/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004585/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004585/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004585.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">141</span> Application of a Modified BCR Approach to Investigate the Mobility and Availability of Trace Elements (As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo,Ni, Pb, Zn, and Hg) from a Solid Residue Matrix Designed for Soil Amendment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mikko%20M%C3%A4kel%C3%A4">Mikko M盲kel盲</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Risto%20P%C3%B6yki%C3%B6"> Risto P枚yki枚</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gary%20Watkins"> Gary Watkins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hannu%20Nurmesniemi"> Hannu Nurmesniemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Olli%20Dahl"> Olli Dahl</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Trace element speciation of an integrated soil amendment matrix was studied with a modified BCR sequential extraction procedure. The analysis included pseudo-total concentration determinations according to USEPA 3051A and relevant physicochemical properties by standardized methods. Based on the results, the soil amendment matrix possessed neutralization capacity comparable to commercial fertilizers. Additionally, the pseudo-total concentrations of all trace elements included in the Finnish regulation for agricultural fertilizers were lower than the respective statutory limit values. According to chemical speciation, the lability of trace elements increased in the following order: Hg < Cr < Co < Cu < As < Zn < Ni < Pb < Cd < V < Mo < Ba. The validity of the BCR approach as a tool for chemical speciation was confirmed by the additional acid digestion phase. Recovery of trace elements during the procedure assured the validity of the approach and indicated good quality of the analytical work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=BCR" title="BCR">BCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=bioavailability" title=" bioavailability"> bioavailability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=trace%20element" title=" trace element"> trace element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=industrialresidue" title=" industrialresidue"> industrialresidue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sequential%20extraction" title=" sequential extraction"> sequential extraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/application-of-a-modified-bcr-approach-to-investigate-the-mobility-and-availability-of-trace-elements-as-ba-cd-co-cr-cu-moni-pb-zn-and-hg-from-a-solid-residue-matrix-designed-for-soil-amendment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13518.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1844</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">140</span> The Establishment of RELAP5/SNAP Model for Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Shih">C. Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang"> J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20C.%20Chang"> H. C. Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20W.%20Chen"> S. W. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20C.%20Chiang"> S. C. Chiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Y.%20Yu"> T. Y. Yu </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>After the measurement uncertainty recapture (MUR) power uprates, Kuosheng nuclear power plant (NPP) was uprated the power from 2894 MWt to 2943 MWt. For power upgrade, several codes (e.g., TRACE, RELAP5, etc.) were applied to assess the safety of Kuosheng NPP. Hence, the main work of this research is to establish a RELAP5/MOD3.3 model of Kuosheng NPP with SNAP interface. The establishment of RELAP5/SNAP model was referred to the FSAR, training documents, and TRACE model which has been developed and verified before. After completing the model establishment, the startup test scenarios would be applied to the RELAP5/SNAP model. With comparing the startup test data and TRACE analysis results, the applicability of RELAP5/SNAP model would be assessed.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=RELAP5" title="RELAP5">RELAP5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE" title=" TRACE"> TRACE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SNAP" title=" SNAP"> SNAP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=BWR." title=" BWR. "> BWR. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005875/the-establishment-of-relap5snap-model-for-kuosheng-nuclear-power-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005875/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005875/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005875/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005875/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005875/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005875/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005875/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005875/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005875/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005875/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1184</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">139</span> The Model Establishment and Analysis of TRACE/MELCOR for Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant Spent Fuel Pool</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=W.%20S.%20Hsu">W. S. Hsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20Chiang"> Y. Chiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20S.%20Tseng"> Y. S. Tseng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang"> J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Shih"> C. Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20W.%20Chen"> S. W. Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Kuosheng nuclear power plant (NPP) is a BWR/6 plant in Taiwan. There is more concern for the safety of NPPs in Taiwan after Japan Fukushima NPP disaster occurred. Hence, in order to estimate the safety of Kuosheng NPP spent fuel pool (SFP), by using TRACE, MELCOR, and SNAP codes, the safety analysis of Kuosheng NPP SFP was performed. There were two main steps in this research. First, the Kuosheng NPP SFP models were established. Second, the transient analysis of Kuosheng SFP was done by TRACE and MELCOR under the cooling system failure condition (Fukushima-like condition). The results showed that the calculations of MELCOR and TRACE were very similar in this case, and the fuel uncover happened roughly at 4<sup>th</sup> day after the failure of cooling system. The above results indicated that Kuosheng NPP SFP may be unsafe in the case of long-term SBO situation. In addition, future calculations were needed to be done by the other codes like FRAPTRAN for the cladding calculations.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE" title="TRACE">TRACE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MELCOR" title=" MELCOR"> MELCOR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SNAP" title=" SNAP"> SNAP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=spent%20fuel%20pool." title=" spent fuel pool. "> spent fuel pool. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005564/the-model-establishment-and-analysis-of-tracemelcor-for-kuosheng-nuclear-power-plant-spent-fuel-pool" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005564/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005564/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005564/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005564/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005564/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005564/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005564/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005564/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005564/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005564/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005564.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1584</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">138</span> Optical Parametric Oscillators Lidar Sounding of Trace Atmospheric Gases in the 3-4 碌m Spectral Range </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Olga%20V.%20Kharchenko">Olga V. Kharchenko</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Applicability of a KTA crystal-based laser system with optical parametric oscillators (OPO) generation to lidar sounding of the atmosphere in the spectral range 3–4 µm is studied in this work. A technique based on differential absorption lidar (DIAL) method and differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) is developed for lidar sounding of trace atmospheric gases (TAG). The DIAL-DOAS technique is tested to estimate its efficiency for lidar sounding of atmospheric trace gases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Atmosphere" title="Atmosphere">Atmosphere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=lidar%20sounding" title=" lidar sounding"> lidar sounding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=DIAL" title=" DIAL"> DIAL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=DOAS" title=" DOAS"> DOAS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=trace%20gases" title=" trace gases"> trace gases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nonlinear%20crystal." title=" nonlinear crystal."> nonlinear crystal.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004739/optical-parametric-oscillators-lidar-sounding-of-trace-atmospheric-gases-in-the-3-4-m-spectral-range" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004739/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004739/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004739/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004739/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004739/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004739/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004739/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004739/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004739/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004739/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004739.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> The Analysis of TRACE/PARCS in the Simulation of Ultimate Response Guideline for Lungmen ABWR</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang">J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=W.Y.%20Li"> W.Y. Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.T.%20Lin"> H.T. Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.H.%20Lee"> B.H. Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Shih"> C. Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.W.%20Chen"> S.W. Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this research, the TRACE/PARCS model of  Lungmen ABWR has been developed for verification of ultimate  response guideline (URG) efficiency. This ultimate measure was  named as DIVing plan, abbreviated from system depressurization,  water injection and containment venting. The simulation initial  condition is 100% rated power/100% rated core flow. This research  focuses on the estimation of the time when the fuel might be damaged  with no water injection by using TRACE/PARCS first. Then, the  effect of the reactor core isolation system (RCIC), control  depressurization and ac-independent water addition system (ACIWA),  which can provide the injection with 950 gpm are also estimated for  the station blackout (SBO) transient.</p> <p> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ABWR" title="ABWR">ABWR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE" title=" TRACE"> TRACE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=safety%20analysis" title=" safety analysis"> safety analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PARCS." title=" PARCS."> PARCS.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997015/the-analysis-of-traceparcs-in-the-simulation-of-ultimate-response-guideline-for-lungmen-abwr" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997015/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997015/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997015/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997015/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997015/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997015/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997015/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997015/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997015/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997015/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997015.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> The Analysis of TRACE/FRAPTRAN in the Fuel Rods of Maanshan PWR for LBLOCA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20R.%20Wang">J. R. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=W.Y.%20Li"> W.Y. Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.T.%20Lin"> H.T. Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.H.%20Yang"> J.H. Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Shih"> C. Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.W.%20Chen"> S.W. Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Fuel rod analysis program transient (FRAPTRAN)  code was used to study the fuel rod performance during a postulated  large break loss of coolant accident (LBLOCA) in Maanshan nuclear  power plant (NPP). Previous transient results from thermal hydraulic  code, TRACE, with the same LBLOCA scenario, were used as input  boundary conditions for FRAPTRAN. The simulation results showed  that the peak cladding temperatures and the fuel centerline  temperatures were all below the 10CFR50.46 LOCA criteria. In  addition, the maximum hoop stress was 18 MPa and the oxide  thickness was 0.003mm for the present simulation cases, which are all  within the safety operation ranges. The present study confirms that this  analysis method, the FRAPTRAN code combined with TRACE, is an  appropriate approach to predict the fuel integrity under LBLOCA with  operational ECCS.</p> <p> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=%E2%80%94FRAPTRAN" title="鈥擣RAPTRAN">鈥擣RAPTRAN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE" title=" TRACE"> TRACE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=LOCA" title=" LOCA"> LOCA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PWR." title=" PWR."> PWR.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997014/the-analysis-of-tracefraptran-in-the-fuel-rods-of-maanshan-pwr-for-lbloca" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997014/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997014/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997014/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997014/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997014/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997014/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997014/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997014/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997014/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997014/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2679</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> Methods for Preparation of Soil Samples for Determination of Trace Elements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Krustev">S. Krustev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20Angelova"> V. Angelova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Ivanov"> K. Ivanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Zaprjanova"> P. Zaprjanova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>It is generally accepted that only about ten microelements are vitally important to all plants, and approximately ten more elements are proved to be significant for the development of some species. The main methods for their determination in soils are the atomic spectral techniques - AAS and ICP-OAS. Critical stage to obtain correct results for content of heavy metals and nutrients in the soil is the process of mineralization. A comparative study of the most widely spread methods for soil sample preparation for determination of some trace elements was carried out. Three most commonly used methods for sample preparation were used as follows: ISO11466, EPA Method 3051 and BDS ISO 14869-1. Their capabilities were assessed and their bounds of applicability in determining the levels of the most important microelements in agriculture were defined.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Comparative%20study" title="Comparative study">Comparative study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mineralization%20methods" title=" mineralization methods"> mineralization methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=trace%20elements." title=" trace elements. "> trace elements. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008000/methods-for-preparation-of-soil-samples-for-determination-of-trace-elements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008000/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008000/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008000/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008000/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008000/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008000/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008000/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008000/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008000/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008000/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008000.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1242</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> Risk Assessment of Trace Element Pollution in Gymea Bay, NSW, Australia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yasir%20M.%20Alyazichi">Yasir M. Alyazichi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Brian%20G.%20Jones"> Brian G. Jones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Errol%20McLean"> Errol McLean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hamd%20N.%20Altalyan"> Hamd N. Altalyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ali%20K.%20M.%20Al-Nasrawi"> Ali K. M. Al-Nasrawi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main purpose of this study is to assess the sediment quality and potential ecological risk in marine sediments in Gymea Bay located in south Sydney, Australia. A total of 32 surface sediment samples were collected from the bay. Current track trajectories and velocities have also been measured in the bay. The resultant trace elements were compared with the adverse biological effect values Effect Range Low (ERL) and Effect Range Median (ERM) classifications. The results indicate that the average values of chromium, arsenic, copper, zinc, and lead in surface sediments all reveal low pollution levels and are below ERL and ERM values. The highest concentrations of trace elements were found close to discharge points and in the inner bay, and were linked with high percentages of clay minerals, pyrite and organic matter, which can play a significant role in trapping and accumulating these elements. The lowest concentrations of trace elements were found to be on the shoreline of the bay, which contained high percentages of sand fractions. It is postulated that the fine particles and trace elements are disturbed by currents and tides, then transported and deposited in deeper areas. The current track velocities recorded in Gymea Bay had the capability to transport fine particles and trace element pollution within the bay. As a result, hydrodynamic measurements were able to provide useful information and to help explain the distribution of sedimentary particles and geochemical properties. This may lead to knowledge transfer to other bay systems, including those in remote areas. These activities can be conducted at a low cost, and are therefore also transferrable to developing countries. The advent of portable instruments to measure trace elements in the field has also contributed to the development of these lower cost and easily applied methodologies available for use in remote locations and low-cost economies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Current%20track%20velocities" title="Current track velocities">Current track velocities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gymea%20Bay" title=" Gymea Bay"> Gymea Bay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=surface%0D%0Asediments" title=" surface sediments"> surface sediments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=trace%20elements." title=" trace elements."> trace elements.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003131/risk-assessment-of-trace-element-pollution-in-gymea-bay-nsw-australia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003131/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003131/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003131/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003131/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003131/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003131/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003131/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003131/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003131/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003131/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003131.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">133</span> Pontrjagin Duality and Codes over Finite Commutative Rings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Khalid%20Abdelmoumen">Khalid Abdelmoumen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mustapha%20Najmeddine"> Mustapha Najmeddine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hussain%20Ben-Azza"> Hussain Ben-Azza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present linear codes over finite commutative rings which are not necessarily Frobenius. We treat the notion of syndrome decoding by using Pontrjagin duality. We also give a version of Delsarte-s theorem over rings relating trace codes and subring subcodes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Codes" title="Codes">Codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Finite%20Rings" title=" Finite Rings"> Finite Rings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pontrjagin%20Duality" title=" Pontrjagin Duality"> Pontrjagin Duality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Trace%20Codes." title=" Trace Codes."> Trace Codes.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4423/pontrjagin-duality-and-codes-over-finite-commutative-rings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4423/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4423/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4423/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4423/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4423/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4423/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4423/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4423/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4423/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4423/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4423.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1813</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">132</span> Quantitative Determination of Trace Elements in Some Oriental Herb Products</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nguyen%20Thi%20Kim%20Dzung">Nguyen Thi Kim Dzung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pham%20Ngoc%20Khai"> Pham Ngoc Khai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rainer%20Ludwig"> Rainer Ludwig</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The quantitative determination of several trace elements (Cr, As, Se, Cd, Hg, Pb) existing as inorganic impurities in some oriental herb-products such as Lingzhi Mushroom capsules, Philamin powder, etc using ICP-MS has been studied. Various instrumental parameters such as power, gas flow rate, sample depth, as well as the concentration of nitric acid and thick background due to high concentration of possible interferences on the determination of these above-mentioned elements was investigated and the optimum working conditions of the sample measurement on ICP-MS (Agilent-7500a) were reported. Appropriate isotope internal standards were also used to improve the accuracy of mercury determination. Optimal parameters for sampling digestion were also investigated. The recovery of analytical procedure was examined by using a Certified Reference Material (IAEA-CRM 359). The recommended procedure was then applied for the quantitative determination of Cr, As, Se, Cd, Hg, Pb in Lingzhi Mushroom capsule, and Philamine powder samples. The reproducibility of sample measurement (average value between 94 and 102%) and the uncertainty of analytical data (less than 20%) are acceptable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Oriental%20herbal%20product" title="Oriental herbal product">Oriental herbal product</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=trace%20elements" title=" trace elements"> trace elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ICP-MS" title=" ICP-MS"> ICP-MS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=biochemistry" title="biochemistry">biochemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=medical%20chemistry." title=" medical chemistry."> medical chemistry.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6622/quantitative-determination-of-trace-elements-in-some-oriental-herb-products" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6622/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6622/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6622/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6622/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6622/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6622/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6622/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6622/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6622/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6622/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6622.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3730</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">131</span> Inhibition Kinetic Determination of Trace Amounts of Ruthenium(III) by the Spectrophotometric method with Rhodamine B in Micellar Medium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohsen%20Keyvanfard">Mohsen Keyvanfard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new, simple and highly sensitive kinetic spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of trace amounts of Ru(III) in the range of 0.06-20 ng/ml .The method is based on the inhibitory effect of ruthenium(III) on the oxidation of Rhodamine B by bromate in acidic and micellar medium. The reaction was monitored spectrophotometrically by measuring the decreasing in absorbance of Rhodamine B at 554 nm with a fixedtime method..The limit of detection is 0.04 ng/ml Ru(III).The relative standard deviation of 5 and 10 ng/ml Ru(III) was 2.3 and 2.7 %, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of ruthenium in real water samples <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ruthenium%20%3BInhibitory%3B%20Rhodamine%20B%3B%20bromate" title="Ruthenium ;Inhibitory; Rhodamine B; bromate">Ruthenium ;Inhibitory; Rhodamine B; bromate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3765/inhibition-kinetic-determination-of-trace-amounts-of-rutheniumiii-by-the-spectrophotometric-method-with-rhodamine-b-in-micellar-medium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3765/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3765/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3765/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3765/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3765/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3765/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3765/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3765/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3765/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3765/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3765.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1707</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">130</span> Total and Leachable Concentration of Trace Elements in Soil towards Human Health Risk, Related with Coal Mine in Jorong, South Kalimantan, Indonesia </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Arie%20Pujiwati">Arie Pujiwati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kengo%20Nakamura"> Kengo Nakamura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Noriaki%20Watanabe"> Noriaki Watanabe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Takeshi%20Komai"> Takeshi Komai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Coal mining is well known to cause considerable environmental impacts, including trace element contamination of soil. This study aimed to assess the trace element (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn) contamination of soil in the vicinity of coal mining activities, using the case study of Asam-asam River basin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia, and to assess the human health risk, incorporating total and bioavailable (water-leachable and acid-leachable) concentrations. The results show the enrichment of As and Co in soil, surpassing the background soil value. Contamination was evaluated based on the index of geo-accumulation, <em>I<sub>geo</sub></em> and the pollution index, <em>PI</em>. <em>I<sub>geo</sub></em> values showed that the soil was generally uncontaminated (<em>I<sub>geo</sub></em> ≤ 0), except for elevated As and Co. Mean <em>PI</em> for Ni and Cu indicated slight contamination. Regarding the assessment of health risks, the Hazard Index, <em>HI</em> showed adverse risks (<em>HI</em> > 1) for Ni, Co, and As. Further, Ni and As were found to pose unacceptable carcinogenic risk (<em>risk</em> > 1.10<sup>-5</sup>). Farming, settlement, and plantation were found to present greater risk than coal mines. These results show that coal mining activity in the study area contaminates the soils by particular elements and may pose potential human health risk in its surrounding area. This study is important for setting appropriate countermeasure actions and improving basic coal mining management in Indonesia.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Coal%20mine" title="Coal mine">Coal mine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil" title=" soil"> soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=trace%20elements." title=" trace elements. "> trace elements. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007984/total-and-leachable-concentration-of-trace-elements-in-soil-towards-human-health-risk-related-with-coal-mine-in-jorong-south-kalimantan-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007984/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007984/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007984/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007984/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007984/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007984/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007984/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007984/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007984/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007984/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007984.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">129</span> Clustering Methods Applied to the Tracking of user Traces Interacting with an e-Learning System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Larbi%20Omar">Larbi Omar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Elberrichi%20Zakaria"> Elberrichi Zakaria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many research works are carried out on the analysis of traces in a digital learning environment. These studies produce large volumes of usage tracks from the various actions performed by a user. However, to exploit these data, compare and improve performance, several issues are raised. To remedy this, several works deal with this problem seen recently. This research studied a series of questions about format and description of the data to be shared. Our goal is to share thoughts on these issues by presenting our experience in the analysis of trace-based log files, comparing several approaches used in automatic classification applied to e-learning platforms. Finally, the obtained results are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Classification" title="Classification">Classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=" title=" "> </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=e-learning%20platform" title=" e-learning platform"> e-learning platform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=log%20file" title=" log file"> log file</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Trace." title=" Trace."> Trace.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15037/clustering-methods-applied-to-the-tracking-of-user-traces-interacting-with-an-e-learning-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15037/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15037/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15037/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15037/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15037/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15037/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15037/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15037/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15037/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15037/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1479</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">128</span> The Elliptic Curves y2 = x3 - t2x over Fp</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmet%20Tekcan">Ahmet Tekcan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Let p be a prime number, Fp be a finite field and t ∈ F*p= Fp- {0}. In this paper we obtain some properties of ellipticcurves Ep,t: y2= y2= x3- t2x over Fp. In the first sectionwe give some notations and preliminaries from elliptic curves. In the second section we consider the rational points (x, y) on Ep,t. Wegive a formula for the number of rational points on Ep,t over Fnp for an integer n ≥ 1. We also give some formulas for the sum of x?andy?coordinates of the points (x, y) on Ep,t. In the third section weconsider the rank of Et: y2= x3- t2x and its 2-isogenous curve Et over Q. We proved that the rank of Etand Etis 2 over Q. In the last section we obtain some formulas for the sums Σt∈F?panp,t for an integer n ≥ 1, where ap,t denote the trace of Frobenius.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Elliptic%20curves%20over%20finite%20fields" title="Elliptic curves over finite fields">Elliptic curves over finite fields</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rational%20points%20onelliptic%20curves" title=" rational points onelliptic curves"> rational points onelliptic curves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rank" title=" rank"> rank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=trace%20of%20Frobenius." title=" trace of Frobenius."> trace of Frobenius.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5174/the-elliptic-curves-y2-x3-t2x-over-fp" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5174/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5174/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5174/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5174/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5174/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5174/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5174/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5174/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5174/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5174/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5174.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2031</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">127</span> PAPR Reduction of FBMC Using Sliding Window Tone Reservation Active Constellation Extension Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20Sandeep%20Kumar">V. Sandeep Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Anuradha"> S. Anuradha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The high Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAR) in Filter Bank Multicarrier with Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (FBMC-OQAM) can significantly reduce power efficiency and performance. In this paper, we address the problem of PAPR reduction for FBMC-OQAM systems using Tone Reservation (TR) technique. Due to the overlapping structure of FBMCOQAM signals, directly applying TR schemes of OFDM systems to FBMC-OQAM systems is not effective. We improve the tone reservation (TR) technique by employing sliding window with Active Constellation Extension for the PAPR reduction of FBMC-OQAM signals, called sliding window tone reservation Active Constellation Extension (SW-TRACE) technique. The proposed SW-TRACE technique uses the peak reduction tones (PRTs) of several consecutive data blocks to cancel the peaks of the FBMC-OQAM signal inside a window, with dynamically extending outer constellation points in active(data-carrying) channels, within margin-preserving constraints, in order to minimize the peak magnitude. Analysis and simulation results compared to the existing Tone Reservation (TR) technique for FBMC/OQAM system. The proposed method SW-TRACE has better PAPR performance and lower computational complexity.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=FBMC-OQAM" title="FBMC-OQAM">FBMC-OQAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=peak-to-average%20power%20ratio" title=" peak-to-average power ratio"> peak-to-average power ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sliding%0D%0Awindow" title=" sliding window"> sliding window</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=tone%20reservation%20Active%20Constellation%20Extension." title=" tone reservation Active Constellation Extension."> tone reservation Active Constellation Extension.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999475/papr-reduction-of-fbmc-using-sliding-window-tone-reservation-active-constellation-extension-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999475/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999475/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999475/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999475/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999475/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999475/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999475/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999475/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999475/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999475/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999475.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2839</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">126</span> Efficiency of Modified Granular Activated Carbon Coupled with Membrane Bioreactor for Trace Organic Contaminants Removal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mousaab%20Alrhmoun">Mousaab Alrhmoun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Magali%20Casellas"> Magali Casellas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Michel%20Baudu"> Michel Baudu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Christophe%20Dagot"> Christophe Dagot</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The aim of the study is to improve removal of trace organic contaminants dissolved in activated sludge by the process of filtration with membrane bioreactor combined with modified activated carbon, for a maximum removal of organic compounds characterized by low molecular weight. Special treatment was conducted in laboratory on activated carbon. Tow reaction parameters: the pH of aqueous middle and the type of granular activated carbon were very important to improve the removal and to motivate the electrostatic Interactions of organic compounds with modified activated carbon in addition to physical adsorption, ligand exchange or complexation on the surface activated carbon. The results indicate that modified activated carbon has a strong impact in removal 21 of organic contaminants and in percentage of 100% of the process.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Activated%20carbon" title="Activated carbon">Activated carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=organic%20contaminants" title=" organic contaminants"> organic contaminants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Membrane%20bioreactor." title=" Membrane bioreactor."> Membrane bioreactor.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997205/efficiency-of-modified-granular-activated-carbon-coupled-with-membrane-bioreactor-for-trace-organic-contaminants-removal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997205/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997205/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997205/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997205/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997205/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997205/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997205/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997205/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997205/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997205/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997205.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3053</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">125</span> Microbial Leaching Process to Recover Valuable Metals from Spent Petroleum Catalyst Using Iron Oxidizing Bacteria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Debabrata%20Pradhan">Debabrata Pradhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dong%20J.%20Kim"> Dong J. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jong%20G.%20Ahn"> Jong G. Ahn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seoung%20W.%20Lee"> Seoung W. Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Spent petroleum catalyst from Korean petrochemical industry contains trace amount of metals such as Ni, V and Mo. Therefore an attempt was made to recover those trace metal using bioleaching process. Different leaching parameters such as Fe(II) concentration, pulp density, pH, temperature and particle size of spent catalyst particle were studied to evaluate their effects on the leaching efficiency. All the three metal ions like Ni, V and Mo followed dual kinetics, i.e., initial faster followed by slower rate. The percentage of leaching efficiency of Ni and V were higher than Mo. The leaching process followed a diffusion controlled model and the product layer was observed to be impervious due to formation of ammonium jarosite (NH4)Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6. In addition, the lower leaching efficiency of Mo was observed due to a hydrophobic coating of elemental sulfur over Mo matrix in the spent catalyst. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bioleaching" title="Bioleaching">Bioleaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=diffusion%20control" title=" diffusion control"> diffusion control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=shrinking%20core" title=" shrinking core"> shrinking core</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=spentpetroleum%20catalyst." title=" spentpetroleum catalyst."> spentpetroleum catalyst.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/949/microbial-leaching-process-to-recover-valuable-metals-from-spent-petroleum-catalyst-using-iron-oxidizing-bacteria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/949/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/949/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/949/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/949/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/949/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/949/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/949/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/949/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/949/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/949/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/949.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2020</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">124</span> Genetic-based Anomaly Detection in Logs of Process Aware Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hanieh%20Jalali">Hanieh Jalali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmad%20Baraani"> Ahmad Baraani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowaday-s, many organizations use systems that support business process as a whole or partially. However, in some application domains, like software development and health care processes, a normative Process Aware System (PAS) is not suitable, because a flexible support is needed to respond rapidly to new process models. On the other hand, a flexible Process Aware System may be vulnerable to undesirable and fraudulent executions, which imposes a tradeoff between flexibility and security. In order to make this tradeoff available, a genetic-based anomaly detection model for logs of Process Aware Systems is presented in this paper. The detection of an anomalous trace is based on discovering an appropriate process model by using genetic process mining and detecting traces that do not fit the appropriate model as anomalous trace; therefore, when used in PAS, this model is an automated solution that can support coexistence of flexibility and security. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anomaly%20Detection" title="Anomaly Detection">Anomaly Detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Genetic%20Algorithm" title=" Genetic Algorithm"> Genetic Algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ProcessAware%20Systems" title=" ProcessAware Systems"> ProcessAware Systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Process%20Mining." title=" Process Mining."> Process Mining.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13186/genetic-based-anomaly-detection-in-logs-of-process-aware-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13186/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13186/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13186/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13186/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13186/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13186/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13186/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13186/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13186/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13186/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13186.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1925</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">123</span> A Study on the Removal of Trace Organic Matter in Water Treatment Procedures Using Powder-activated Carbon Biofilm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rou-Han%20Lee">Rou-Han Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jie"> Jie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chung%20Lou">Chung Lou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Huang-Ming%20Fang"> Huang-Ming Fang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This study uses natural water and the surface properties of powdered activated carbon to acclimatize organics, forming biofilms on the surface of powdered activated carbon. To investigate the influence of different hydraulic retention times on the removal efficacy of trace organics in raw water, and to determine the optimal hydraulic retention time of a biological powdered activated carbon system, this study selects ozone-treated water processed by Feng-shan Advanced Water Purification Plant in southern Taiwan for the experiment. The evaluation indicators include assimilable organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, and total organic carbon. The results of this study can improve the quality of drinking water treated using advanced water purification procedures.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Water%20Purification%20Procedures" title="Water Purification Procedures">Water Purification Procedures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Biological%20Powdered%20Activated%20Carbon%20System" title=" Biological Powdered Activated Carbon System"> Biological Powdered Activated Carbon System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Assimilable%20Organic%20Carbon" title=" Assimilable Organic Carbon"> Assimilable Organic Carbon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9551/a-study-on-the-removal-of-trace-organic-matter-in-water-treatment-procedures-using-powder-activated-carbon-biofilm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9551/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9551/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9551/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9551/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9551/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9551/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9551/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9551/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9551/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9551/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9551.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1624</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">122</span> Video Super-Resolution Using Classification ANN</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ming-Hui%20Cheng">Ming-Hui Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jyh-Horng%20Jeng"> Jyh-Horng Jeng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this study, a classification-based video super-resolution method using artificial neural network (ANN) is proposed to enhance low-resolution (LR) to high-resolution (HR) frames. The proposed method consists of four main steps: classification, motion-trace volume collection, temporal adjustment, and ANN prediction. A classifier is designed based on the edge properties of a pixel in the LR frame to identify the spatial information. To exploit the spatio-temporal information, a motion-trace volume is collected using motion estimation, which can eliminate unfathomable object motion in the LR frames. In addition, temporal lateral process is employed for volume adjustment to reduce unnecessary temporal features. Finally, ANN is applied to each class to learn the complicated spatio-temporal relationship between LR and HR frames. Simulation results show that the proposed method successfully improves both peak signal-to-noise ratio and perceptual quality.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Super-resolution" title="Super-resolution">Super-resolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=spatio-temporal%0D%0Ainformation" title=" spatio-temporal information"> spatio-temporal information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=artificial%20neural%20network." title=" artificial neural network."> artificial neural network.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16533/video-super-resolution-using-classification-ann" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16533/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16533/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16533/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16533/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16533/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16533/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16533/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16533/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16533/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16533/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16533.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1805</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TRACE&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>