OpenCitations

<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon.ico" /> <title>OpenCitations - About</title>  <link href="/static/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap-icons@1.10.0/font/bootstrap-icons.css" />  <link href="/static/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />  <link href="/static/css/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.css" rel="stylesheet" />  <link href="/static/css/cover.css" rel="stylesheet" />   </head> <body> <div class="cover-container"> <div class="masthead clearfix"> <nav class="navbar"> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".navbar-collapse"> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <h3 class="masthead-brand"> <a href="/"><span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span></a> </h3> </div> <div class="navbar-collapse collapse"> <div class="masthead-search"> <form class="input-group" action="/index/search" method="get"> <input type="text" class="form-control oc-purple" placeholder="Search for a DOI, e.g. 10.1162/qss_a_00023" name="text"> <input type="hidden" name="rule" value="citeddoi"> <div class="input-group-btn"> <button class="btn btn-default oc-purple" type="submit"><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-search"></i></button> </div> </form> </div> <div class="masthead-pages"> <ul class="nav masthead-nav navbar-nav"> <li> <a href="/"> Home </a> <li class="active"> <a href="/about"> About </a> <li> <a href="/membership"> Help us </a> <li> <a href="/model"> Data Model </a> <li> <a href="/datasets"> Datasets </a> <li> <a href="/querying"> Querying Data </a> <li> <a href="/tools"> Tools </a> <li> <a href="/download"> Download </a> <li> <a href="/publications"> Publications </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div class="cover left"> <h3>About</h3> <p><span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> is run by <a href="https://twitter.com/dshotton">David Shotton</a> (<a href="http://www.oerc.ox.ac.uk">Oxford e-Research Centre</a>, <a href="http://www.ox.ac.uk">University of Oxford</a>) and <a href="https://twitter.com/essepuntato">Silvio Peroni</a> (<a href="http://www.ficlit.unibo.it">Department of Classic Philology and Italian Studies</a>, <a href="https://www.unibo.it/en">University of Bologna</a>), who are the Directors of <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span>.</p> <p>Please do not hesitate to contact us for comments, questions, and further information at <a href="mailto:contact@opencitations.net">contact@opencitations.net</a>. You can also follow us on <a href="http://www.twitter.com/opencitations">Twitter</a>, <a href="http://github.com/opencitations">GitHub</a>, and <a href="https://opencitations.hypotheses.org/">our blog</a>.</p> <p>An in-depth description of OpenCitations' goals, data, and services can be found at:</p> <blockquote><p>Silvio Peroni, David Shotton (2020). OpenCitations, an infrastructure organization for open scholarship. <a href="https://www.mitpressjournals.org/toc/qss/1/1">Quantitative Science Studies, 1(1)</a>: 428-444. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00023">https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00023</a></p></blockquote> <h4 id="board">International Advisory Board for <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span></h4> <p>The International Advisory Board for <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> is a committee of the <a href="https://openscholarlymetadata.org">Research Centre for Open Scholarly Metadata</a> at the <a href="https://www.unibo.it">University of Bologna</a>. The purpose of the Board is to guide the future developments of <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> in terms of its policies, strategies and activities, to build the <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> collaborations, membership and support community, and to ensure its financial sustainability. The Board will assist the <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> Directors in their role.</p> <p>The Board comprises:</p> <ul> <li><p><a href="https://twitter.com/chodacki">John Chodacki</a> (Director of University of California Curation Center, California Digital Library)</p></li> <li><p><a href="https://twitter.com/GinnyLDN">Ginny Hendricks</a> (Director of Member & Community Outreach, Crossref)</p></li> <li><p><a href="http://umr-lisis.fr/membre/philippe-laredo/">Philippe Laredo</a> (Director of Research in the Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Scientific Innovations and Society, Universit茅 Gustave Eiffel)</p></li> <li><p><a href="https://twitter.com/lariviev">Vincent Larivi猫re</a> (Canadian Research Chair on the Transformation of Scholarly Communication, University of Montr茅al)</p></li> <li><p><a href="https://twitter.com/catmacOA">Catriona MacCallum</a> (Director of Open Science, Hindawi Open Access Publisher)</p></li> <li><p><a href="https://twitter.com/CameronNeylon">Cameron Neylon</a> (Professor of Research Communications, Centre for Culture and Technology, Curtin University)</p></li> <li><p><a href="https://educopia.org/katherine-skinner/">Katherine Skinner</a> (Reasearch Lead, Invest in Open)</p></li> <li><p><a href="https://cv.archives-ouvertes.fr/didier-torny">Didier Torny</a> (on behalf of the French Open Science Committee)</p></li> <li><p><a href="https://twitter.com/LudoWaltman">Ludo Waltman</a> (Professor of Quantitative Science Studies and Deputy Director, Centre for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS), Leiden University) <em>[chair]</em></p></li> </ul> <h4 id="council"><span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> Council</h4> <p>The <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> Council will comprise one delegate appointed by each <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> Member. Each delegate should have the mandate to speak on behalf of his/her Party, and should have sufficient expertise to participate in informed discussion and to vote on Council proposals. The Council will meet regularly once a year. The Council meetings will be chaired and convened by one of the Directors of <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span>. Meetings may be convened either face-to-face or on-line.</p> <h4 id="members"><span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> Members</h4> <p><strong>Strategic members</strong></p> <ul> <li> Scientific Interest Group of the French National Fund for Open Science (since 2020) <ul> <li>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</li> <li>French Ministry of Higher education, research and innovation</li> <li>French Conf茅rence des pr茅sidents d鈥檜niversit茅 (CPU)</li> <li>Conf茅rence des directeurs des 茅coles fran莽aises d鈥檌ng茅nieure (CEDEFI)</li> <li>French Conf茅rence des grandes 茅coles (CGE)</li> <li>Coordination des universit茅s de recherche intensive fran莽aises (CURIF)</li> <li>Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA)</li> <li>Institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique (INRIA)</li> <li>Institut national de la sant茅 et de la recherche m茅dicale (INSERM)</li> <li>Commissariat 脿 l'茅nergie atomique et aux 茅nergies alternatives(CEA)</li> <li>Consortium unifi茅 des 茅tablissements universitaires et de recherche pour l鈥檃cc猫s aux publications num茅riques (Couperin)</li> <li>Agence nationale de la recherche (ANR)</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p><strong>Developing members</strong></p> <ul> <li>Saxon State and University Library (since 2021)</li> <li>Konsortium der s盲chsischen Hochschulbibliotheken (since 2022)<li> </ul> <p><strong>Supporting members</strong></p> <ul> <li>AgroParisTech (since 2020)</li> <li>European University Institute (since 2021)</li> <li> FinELib Consortium <ul> <li>Lapland University Consortium Library (since 2021)</li> <li>Tampere University including Tampere University Hospital (since 2021)</li> <li>University of Helsinki including Helsinki University Central Hospital (since 2021)</li> <li>脜bo Akademi University Library (since 2022)</li> <li>Turku University Library (since 2022)</li> </ul> </li> <li>KU Leuven (since 2020)</li> <li>Library and Information Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (since 2021)</li> <li>Spanish National Research Council (since 2021)</li> <li>Universit盲ts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt (since 2021)</li> <li>University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan (since 2021)</li> <li>Universit茅 de Lorraine (since 2021)</li> <li>Paris Nanterre University Library (since 2022)</li> <li>University of Sussex (since 2023)</li> <li>University of Nottingham (since 2023)</li> <li>University of Durham (since 2024)</li> </ul> <h4 id="supporters"><span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> Supporters</h4> <ul> <li>California Digital Library (since 2021)</li> <li> Canadian Research Knowledge Network <ul> <li>Memorial University of Newfoundland (since 2020)</li> <li>University of New Brunswick (since 2020)</li> <li>Universit茅 de Montr茅al (since 2020)</li> <li>Brock University (since 2020)</li> <li>Ryerson University (since 2020)</li> <li>University of Ottawa (since 2020)</li> <li>University of Toronto (since 2020)</li> <li>University of Waterloo (since 2020)</li> <li>University of Windsor (since 2020)</li> <li>MacEwan University (since 2020)</li> <li>University of Victoria (since 2020)</li> <li>University of Guelph (since 2021)</li> <li>University of Saskatchewan (since 2023)</li> <li>Western University (since 2023)</li> <li>Kwantlen Polytechnic University (since 2023)</li> <li>University of Alberta (since 2023)</li> </ul> </li> <li> Council of Australian University Librarians <ul> <li>Curtin University (since 2020)</li> <li>Griffith University (since 2020)</li> <li>Queensland University of Technology (since 2020)</li> <li>University of Canterbury (since 2020)</li> <li>University of New South Wales (since 2020)</li> <li>University of Adelaide (since 2021)</li> </ul> </li> <li>Institut Fran莽ais de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (since 2021)</li> <li>Royal Danish Library (since 2020)</li> <li>SLSP AG Konsortium der SchweizerHochschulbibliotheken <ul> <li>CERN (since 2021)</li> <li>EPF Lausanne (since 2021)</li> <li>ETH Z眉rich (since 2021)</li> <li>HSLU (since 2021)</li> <li>Schweizerischer Nationalfonds (since 2021)</li> <li>Universit盲t Bern (since 2021)</li> <li>Universit盲t St Gallen (since 2021)</li> <li>Universit盲t Z眉rich (since 2021)</li> <li>Universit茅 de Fribourg (since 2021)</li> <li>Universit茅 de Neuch芒tel (since 2021)</li> <li>Z眉rcher Hochschule der K眉nste (since 2021)</li> </ul> </li> <li>Universit茅 Paris-Saclay (since 2021)</li> <li>Dutch Research Council (since 2023)</li> </ul> <h4 id="story">The story so far</h4> <p><span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> has formally started in 2010 as a one-year project funded by <a href="http://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/inf11/jiscexpo/jiscopencitation.aspx">JISC</a> (with a subsequent extension), with David Shotton as director, who at that time was working in the <a href="https://www.zoo.ox.ac.uk/">Department of Zoology</a> at the <a href="http://www.ox.ac.uk">University of Oxford</a>. The project was global in scope, and was designed to change the face of scientific publishing and scholarly communication, since it aimed to publish open bibliographic citation information in RDF and to make citation links as easy to traverse as Web links. The main deliverable of the project, among <a href="https://opencitations.hypotheses.org/203">several outcomes</a>, was the release of an open repository of scholarly citation data described using the <a href="http://www.sparontologies.net/">SPAR (Semantic Publishing and Referencing) Ontologies</a>, and named the <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> Corpus (OCC), which was initially populated with the citations from journal articles within the <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/tools/openftlist/">Open Access Subset of PubMed Central</a>.</p> <p>At the end of 2015, after David Shotton had become a member of the <a href="http://www.oerc.ox.ac.uk">Oxford e-Research Centre</a> at the <a href="http://www.ox.ac.uk">University of Oxford</a>, Silvio Peroni of the <a href="http://www.unibo.it">University of Bologna</a> joined <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> as co-director and technical manager, with the aim of setting up a new instantiation of the Corpus based on a new metadata schema and employing several new technologies to automate the ingestion of fresh citation metadata from authoritative sources. Silvio Peroni is now a member of the <a href="http://www.ficlit.unibo.it">Department of Classic Philology and Italian Studies</a> at the University of Bologna, and the current instantiation of the OCC is hosted by the <a href="http://www.informatica.unibo.it">Department of Computer Science and Engineering</a> at the University of Bologna. Since the beginning of July 2016 OCC has been ingesting, processing and publishing reference lists of scholarly papers available in <a href="http://europepmc.org/">Europe PubMed Central</a>. Additional metadata for these citations are obtained from <a href="https://www.crossref.org/">Crossref</a> and (for authors) <a href="https://orcid.org/">ORCID</a>.</p> <p>In 2017, <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> was awarded of a grant from the <a href="https://sloan.org">Alfred P. Sloan Foundation</a> for <a href="https://sloan.org/grant-detail/8017">The OpenCitations Enhancement Project</a>. The funding <a href="https://opencitations.hypotheses.org/933">was used</a> to improve the hardware and software infrastructure for handling the data and hosting all the services <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> makes available. During this period, <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> has developed a number of <a href="/index">citation indexes</a> using the data openly available in third-party bibliographic databases. The first and largest of these is <a href="/index/coci">COCI, the OpenCitations Index of Crossref open DOI-to-DOI citations</a>.</p> <p>In 2019, <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> wa awarded of another grant from the <a href="https://wellcome.ac.uk/">Wellcome Trust</a> for the <a href="https://wellcome.ac.uk/funding/people-and-projects/grants-awarded/open-biomedical-citations-context-corpus">Open Biomedical Citations in Context Corpus project</a>. The <a href="https://opencitations.hypotheses.org/1537">aim</a> of this project is to create a new dataset containing data for each individual in-text reference, making it possible to distinguish references that are cited only once from those that are cited multiple times, to see which references are cited together (e.g. in the same sentence), to determine in which section of the article references are cited (e.g. Introduction, Methods), and, potentially, to retrieve the function of the citation.</p> <p>Recently, at the end of 2019, <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> has been selected by the <a href="https://scoss.org/">Global Sustainability Coalition for Open Science Services (SCOSS)</a> for their second round of crowd-funding support. They stated that <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> aligns well with open science goals and is an innovative service - considering that open citation data are important to the community since they have the potential to support change in research assessment, and if successful could be a game changer by challenging established proprietary citation services. Starting in January 2020, <a href="https://scoss.org/">SCOSS</a> will invite research organizations, scholarly institutions and funders of all sizes throughout the world to contribute financially in proportion to their size and ability to sustain <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span>' operations over the next three years as it transitions into a global scholarly infrastructure organization with a secure financial footing.</p> <p><span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> is currently managed by the <a href="https://openscholarlymetadata.org">Research Centre for Open Scholarly Metadata</a>, an independent research centre within the <a href="https://www.unibo.it/en">University of Bologna</a>. The Research Centre has an International Board drawn from leaders within the main bibliographic stakeholder communities of relevance (librarians, bibliometricians, academics, data service providers, etc.) who have shown past solid commitment to open scholarship. The statutes of the Research Centre will ensure that <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span>' original aim of free provision of open bibliographic and citation data, services and software is maintained, and that <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> as an organization cannot in future be taken over or controlled by commercial interests, nor become involved in political, regulatory, legislative or financial lobbying of any kind.</p> <h4 id="license">License for data, text, and software</h4> <p>The data held in any of the <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> datasets are made freely available under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">Creative Commons public domain dedication (CC0)</a>.</p> <p>The text of the web pages that comprise the <a href="http://opencitations.net">OpenCitations web site</a> is made freely available under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License</a>.</p> <p>The software developed by <span class="oc-purple">Open</span><span class="oc-blue">Citations</span> for implementing all the services is made freely available on <a href="https://github.com/opencitations">GitHub</a> under the <a href="https://opensource.org/licenses/ISC">ISC License</a>.</p> </div> </div> </div> <footer> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div id="disi" class="col-xs-12 col-sm-2"> <p> <a href="http://www.unibo.it"><img src="/static/img/unibo.png" /></a> </div> <div id="ficlit" class="col-xs-12 col-sm-2"> <p> <a href="http://www.ficlit.unibo.it"><img src="/static/img/ficlit.png" /></a></p> </div> <div id="openscholarlymetadata" class="col-xs-12 col-sm-2"> <p> <a href="https://openscholarlymetadata.org"><img src="/static/img/openscholarlymetadata.png" /></a></p> </div>  </div> </div> <p> <a class="policy oc-purple" href="/policy">Privacy Policies</a> <span class="separator"></span> <a class="social oc-purple" href="mailto:contact@opencitations.net"><i class="fa fa-envelope" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <a class="social oc-purple" href="http://www.twitter.com/opencitations"><i class="fa fa-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <a class="social oc-blue" href="http://github.com/opencitations"><i class="fa fa-github" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <a class="social oc-blue" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/opencitations/"><i class="fa fa-linkedin" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <a class="social oc-blue" href="https://opencitations.hypotheses.org/"><i class="fa fa-newspaper-o" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <a class="social oc-blue" href="https://scicomm.xyz/@opencitations"><i class="bi bi-mastodon" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </p> </footer>   <script src="/static/js/jquery.min.js"><![CDATA[ ]]></script> <script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="/static/js/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script> <script src="/static/js/bootstrap.min.js"><![CDATA[ ]]></script>  <script src="/static/js/ie10-viewport-bug-workaround.js"><![CDATA[ ]]></script>  <script src="/static/js/cookies.js"></script> </body> </html>

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OpenCitations - About