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Disponible en 37 idiomas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 idiomas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1" title="غابرييل كرامر – árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غابرييل كرامر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1" title="جابرييل كرامر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جابرييل كرامر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qabriel_Kramer" title="Qabriel Kramer – azerbaiyano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qabriel Kramer" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaiyano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1" title="قابریل کرامر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قابریل کرامر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Габрыэль Крамер – bielorruso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Габрыэль Крамер" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="গাব্রিয়েল ক্রেমার – bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গাব্রিয়েল ক্রেমার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – catalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1" title="گابریل کرامر – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گابریل کرامر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – finés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A8" title="גבריאל קרמר – hebreo" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גבריאל קרמר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – indonesio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AC%E3%83%96%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A1%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="ガブリエル・クラメール – japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ガブリエル・クラメール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%98_%ED%81%AC%EB%9D%BC%EB%A9%94%EB%A5%B4" title="가브리엘 크라메르 – coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="가브리엘 크라메르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – noruego nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruego nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – rumano" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Крамер, Габриэль – ruso" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Крамер, Габриэль" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Габриэль Крамер – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Габриэль Крамер" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Габријел Крамер – serbio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Габријел Крамер" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%96%D1%94%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Габрієль Крамер – ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Габрієль Крамер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kramer_Gabriyel" title="Kramer Gabriyel – uzbeko" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kramer Gabriyel" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Cramer" title="Gabriel Cramer – vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Gabriel Cramer" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E9%BB%98" title="加布里尔·克拉默 – chino" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="加布里尔·克拉默" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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</div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="es" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r157776694">.mw-parser-output .infobox .imagen{max-width:100%;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .imagen img{max-width:100%;height:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .mw-kartographer-container .thumbinner,.mw-parser-output .infobox .mw-kartographer-map{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%!important}body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .infobox .imagen a.image>img{max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard" style="width:22.7em; line-height: 1.4em; text-align:left; padding:.23em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3" class="cabecera persona" style="text-align:center;background-color:transparent;color:inherit;background-color:#8DB1C3;color:#000;">Gabriel Cramer</th></tr><tr><td colspan="3" class="imagen" style="text-align:center;line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Archivo:Gabriel_Cramer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gabriel_Cramer.jpg/220px-Gabriel_Cramer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gabriel_Cramer.jpg/330px-Gabriel_Cramer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gabriel_Cramer.jpg/440px-Gabriel_Cramer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="884" data-file-height="846" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;background-color:#8DB1C3;color:#000;">Información personal</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;width:33%;">Nacimiento</th><td colspan="2" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;;"> 31 de julio de 1704<span class="wikidata-link lapiz noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122331?uselang=es#P569" title="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata"><img alt="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Ginebra" title="Ginebra">Ginebra</a> (República de Ginebra)<span class="wikidata-link lapiz noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122331?uselang=es#P19" title="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata"><img alt="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;width:33%;">Fallecimiento</th><td colspan="2" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;;"> 4 de enero de 1752<span class="wikidata-link lapiz noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122331?uselang=es#P570" title="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata"><img alt="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> (47 años)<br /><a href="/wiki/Bagnols-sur-C%C3%A8ze" title="Bagnols-sur-Cèze">Bagnols-sur-Cèze</a> (<a href="/wiki/Francia" title="Francia">Francia</a>)<span class="wikidata-link lapiz noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122331?uselang=es#P20" title="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata"><img alt="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;width:33%;">Residencia</th><td colspan="2" class="etiqueta" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;;"> Ginebra<span class="wikidata-link lapiz noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122331?uselang=es#P551" title="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata"><img alt="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;background-color:#8DB1C3;color:#000;">Educación</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;width:33%;">Educado en</th><td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;;"> <a href="/wiki/Universidad_de_Ginebra" title="Universidad de Ginebra">Universidad de Ginebra</a> <small>(hasta 1722)</small><span class="wikidata-link lapiz noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122331?uselang=es#P69" title="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata"><img alt="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;background-color:#8DB1C3;color:#000;">Información profesional</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;width:33%;">Ocupación</th><td colspan="2" class="role" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;;"> <a href="/wiki/Matem%C3%A1tico" title="Matemático">Matemático</a>, <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsico" title="Físico">físico</a> y <a href="/wiki/Profesor_de_educaci%C3%B3n_superior" title="Profesor de educación superior">profesor universitario</a><span class="wikidata-link lapiz noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122331?uselang=es#P106" title="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata"><img alt="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;width:33%;">Área</th><td colspan="2" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;;"> <a href="/wiki/Matem%C3%A1ticas" title="Matemáticas">Matemáticas</a> y <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica" title="Física">física</a><span class="wikidata-link lapiz noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122331?uselang=es#P101" title="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata"><img alt="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;width:33%;">Conocido por</th><td colspan="2" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;;"> <a href="/wiki/Regla_de_Cramer" title="Regla de Cramer">regla de Cramer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;width:33%;">Empleador</th><td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;;"> Universidad de Ginebra <small>(1724-1751)</small><span class="wikidata-link lapiz noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122331?uselang=es#P108" title="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata"><img alt="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;width:33%;">Obras notables</th><td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;;"> <i>Introduction à l’analyse des courbes algébriques</i>, 1750</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;width:33%;">Miembro de</th><td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academia_Prusiana_de_las_Ciencias" title="Academia Prusiana de las Ciencias">Academia Prusiana de las Ciencias</a> <small>(desde 1746)</small></li><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a> <small>(desde 1749)</small><span class="wikidata-link lapiz noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122331?uselang=es#P463" title="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata"><img alt="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;width:33%;">Distinciones</th><td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="line-height:1.3em; vertical-align:middle;;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miembro_de_la_Royal_Society" title="Miembro de la Royal Society">Miembro de la Royal Society</a> <small>(1749)</small><span class="wikidata-link lapiz noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122331?uselang=es#P166" title="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata"><img alt="Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="noprint" colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"><div class="plainlinks wikidata-link" style="font-size: 0.85em">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122331" class="extiw" title="d:Q122331">editar datos en Wikidata</a>]</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Gabriel Cramer</b> (31 de julio de 1704-4 de enero de 1752) fue un matemático <a href="/wiki/Suiza" title="Suiza">suizo</a> nacido en <a href="/wiki/Ginebra_(Suiza)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ginebra (Suiza)">Ginebra</a>. </p><p>Mostró gran precocidad en <a href="/wiki/Matem%C3%A1tica" class="mw-redirect" title="Matemática">matemática</a> y ya a los 18 recibe su <a href="/wiki/Doctorado" title="Doctorado">doctorado</a> y a los 20 era profesor adjunto de matemática. Profesor de matemática de la <a href="/wiki/Universidad_de_Ginebra" title="Universidad de Ginebra">Universidad de Ginebra</a> durante el periodo 1724-27. En 1750 ocupó la cátedra de filosofía en dicha universidad. En 1731 presentó ante la Academia de las Ciencias de París, una memoria sobre las múltiples causas de la inclinación de las órbitas de los planetas.Tuvo un hijo llamado Felipe Cramer Montilla. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Archivo:Gabriel_Cramer-_Introduction_a_l%E2%80%99analyse_de_lignes_courbes_alg%C3%A9briques_-_cover_sheet.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Gabriel_Cramer-_Introduction_a_l%E2%80%99analyse_de_lignes_courbes_alg%C3%A9briques_-_cover_sheet.jpeg/330px-Gabriel_Cramer-_Introduction_a_l%E2%80%99analyse_de_lignes_courbes_alg%C3%A9briques_-_cover_sheet.jpeg" decoding="async" width="260" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Gabriel_Cramer-_Introduction_a_l%E2%80%99analyse_de_lignes_courbes_alg%C3%A9briques_-_cover_sheet.jpeg/500px-Gabriel_Cramer-_Introduction_a_l%E2%80%99analyse_de_lignes_courbes_alg%C3%A9briques_-_cover_sheet.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Gabriel_Cramer-_Introduction_a_l%E2%80%99analyse_de_lignes_courbes_alg%C3%A9briques_-_cover_sheet.jpeg/960px-Gabriel_Cramer-_Introduction_a_l%E2%80%99analyse_de_lignes_courbes_alg%C3%A9briques_-_cover_sheet.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2360" data-file-height="2812" /></a><figcaption>Carátula del libro <i>Introduction a l’analyse de lignes courbes algébriques</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Editó las obras de <a href="/wiki/Johann_Bernoulli" title="Johann Bernoulli">Johann Bernoulli</a> (1742) y de <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Bernoulli" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacques Bernoulli">Jacques Bernoulli</a> (1744) y el <i>Comercium epistolarum</i> de <a href="/wiki/Leibniz" class="mw-redirect" title="Leibniz">Leibniz</a>. Su obra fundamental fue la <i>Introduction à l’analyse des courbes algébriques</i> (1750), en la que se desarrolla la teoría de las curvas algebraicas según los principios newtonianos, demostrando que una curva de grado <i>n</i> viene dada por <i>N</i> puntos situados sobre ella,<sup id="cite_ref-CHABERT_1-0" class="mw-references reference separada"><a href="#cite_note-CHABERT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> donde <i>N</i> viene dado por la expresión: </p> <blockquote style="padding: 5px 10px; background-color: var(--background-color-base, #fff); color: var(--color-base, #202122); text-align: left; margin-left:30px; margin-bottom: 0.4em; margin-top:0.2em; min-width:50%;"> <p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle N={\frac {n(n+3)}{2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>N</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle N={\frac {n(n+3)}{2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c7f355ec6db9c778bd0439dcbb21b466c1f114e6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:14.6ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle N={\frac {n(n+3)}{2}}}" /></span> </p> </blockquote> <p>La <a href="/wiki/Regla_de_Cramer" title="Regla de Cramer">Regla de Cramer</a> es un teorema en <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lgebra_lineal" title="Álgebra lineal">álgebra lineal</a>, que da la solución de un sistema lineal de ecuaciones en términos de determinantes. Recibe este nombre en honor a Gabriel Cramer (1704 - 1752), quien publicó la regla en su <i>Introduction à l'analyse des lignes courbes algébriques</i> de 1750, aunque <a href="/wiki/Colin_Maclaurin" title="Colin Maclaurin">Colin Maclaurin</a> también publicó el método en su <i>Treatise of Geometry</i> de 1748 (y probablemente sabía del método desde 1729). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Algunas_publicaciones">Algunas publicaciones</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel_Cramer&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar sección: Algunas publicaciones"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Quelle est la cause de la figure elliptique des planètes et de la mobilité de leur aphélies?</i>, Genf 1730.<br />Trabajo presentado a la Academia parisina. Recibió el 2º premio. 1.<span style="font-size:75%; vertical-align:0.3em; line-height: initial">er</span> premio a Johann Bernoulli</li> <li><i>Introduction a l′analyse de lignes courbes algébriques</i>, Genf 1750</li> <li><i>Opera Omnia</i> (obras completas) von Johann Bernoulli, 1742, 4 tomos</li> <li><i>Obras</i> de <a href="/wiki/Jakob_Bernoulli" class="mw-redirect" title="Jakob Bernoulli">Jakob I. Bernoulli</a>, 1744, 2 tomos.<br />se incluyen toda la producción de Jakob Bernoulli, menos <i>Ars conjectandi</i></li> <li>La publicación (junto con Johann Castillon) de la correspondencia entre Johann Bernoulli y Leibniz, 1745</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Véase_también"><span id="V.C3.A9ase_tambi.C3.A9n"></span>Véase también</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel_Cramer&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar sección: Véase también"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regla_de_Cramer" title="Regla de Cramer">Regla de Cramer</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencias">Referencias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel_Cramer&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar sección: Referencias"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="listaref" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CHABERT-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-CHABERT_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jean-Luc Chabert et al.: <i>A History of Algorithms. Form the Pebble to the Microchip.</i> Springer-Verlag, 1999, <a href="/wiki/Especial:FuentesDeLibros/3540633693" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-540-63369-3</a>, p. 287</span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W._W._Rouse_Ball" title="W. W. Rouse Ball">W. W. Rouse Ball</a>. <i>A Short Account of the History of Mathematics</i>. 4.ª edición, 1908</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enlaces_externos">Enlaces externos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel_Cramer&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar sección: Enlaces externos"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation cita-genérica">O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Cramer/">Gabriel Cramer</a>»<span style="color:#555;"> (en inglés)</span>, <i><a href="/wiki/MacTutor_History_of_Mathematics_archive" title="MacTutor History of Mathematics archive">MacTutor History of Mathematics archive</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Universidad_de_Saint_Andrews" title="Universidad de Saint Andrews">Universidad de Saint Andrews</a><span class="printonly">, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Cramer/">https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Cramer/</a></span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Gabriel+Cramer&rft.atitle=%5B%5BMacTutor+History+of+Mathematics+archive%5D%5D&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=John+J.&rft.au=O%27Connor%2C%26%2332%3BJohn+J.&rft.au=Robertson%2C%26%2332%3BEdmund+F.&rft.pub=%5B%5BUniversidad+de+Saint+Andrews%5D%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk%2FBiographies%2FCramer%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/es.wikipedia.org:Gabriel_Cramer"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mathpages.com/home/kmath207/kmath207.htm">Paradoja de Cramer, en MathPages</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" 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