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<div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" 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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-歷史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>歷史</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-歷史-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关歷史子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-歷史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-王朝建立" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#王朝建立"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>王朝建立</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-王朝建立-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-王朝在達摩波羅和提婆波羅統治下的擴張" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#王朝在達摩波羅和提婆波羅統治下的擴張"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>王朝在達摩波羅和提婆波羅統治下的擴張</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-王朝在達摩波羅和提婆波羅統治下的擴張-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-首度衰退" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#首度衰退"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>首度衰退</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-首度衰退-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-兩度短暫中興與衰亡" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#兩度短暫中興與衰亡"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>兩度短暫中興與衰亡</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-兩度短暫中興與衰亡-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-文化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>文化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-文化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-历代君主" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历代君主"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>历代君主</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历代君主-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-资料来源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#资料来源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>资料来源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-资料来源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">波罗王朝</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。43种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">43种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7" title="إمبراطورية بالا – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إمبراطورية بالا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="পাল সাম্ৰাজ্য – 阿萨姆语" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="পাল সাম্ৰাজ্য" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿萨姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88" title="پالا ایمپیراتورلوغو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پالا ایمپیراتورلوغو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="পাল সাম্রাজ্য – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পাল সাম্রাজ্য" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B6" title="পাল রাজবংশ – 比什奴普萊利亞文" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="পাল রাজবংশ" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="比什奴普萊利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impalaeriezh_Pala" title="Impalaeriezh Pala – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Impalaeriezh Pala" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Pala" title="Dinastia Pala – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dinastia Pala" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pala_(Dynastie)" title="Pala (Dynastie) – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pala (Dynastie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pala_Empire" title="Pala Empire – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pala Empire" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pala_Dinastio" title="Pala Dinastio – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pala Dinastio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_Pala" title="Dinastía Pala – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dinastía Pala" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7" title="امپراتوری پالا – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="امپراتوری پالا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palan_valtakunta" title="Palan valtakunta – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Palan valtakunta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynastie_Pala" title="Dynastie Pala – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dynastie Pala" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="पाल वंश – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पाल वंश" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1la_Birodalom" title="Pála Birodalom – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pála Birodalom" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinasti_Pala" title="Dinasti Pala – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dinasti Pala" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impero_Pala" title="Impero Pala – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Impero Pala" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E6%9C%9D" title="パーラ朝 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パーラ朝" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="პალას დინასტია – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პალას დინასტია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2_%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%B6" title="ಪಾಲ ರಾಜವಂಶ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪಾಲ ರಾಜವಂಶ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%94%EB%9D%BC_%EC%A0%9C%EA%B5%AD" title="팔라 제국 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="팔라 제국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pala_imperija" title="Pala imperija – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pala imperija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="पाल वंश – 迈蒂利语" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="पाल वंश" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="迈蒂利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="പാല സാമ്രാജ്യം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പാല സാമ്രാജ്യം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%87" title="पाल घराणे – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पाल घराणे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empayar_Pala" title="Empayar Pala – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Empayar Pala" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="पाल साम्राज्य – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पाल साम्राज्य" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="पाल राजवंश – 尼瓦尔语" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="पाल राजवंश" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paladynastie_van_Gaur" title="Paladynastie van Gaur – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Paladynastie van Gaur" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%81lariket" title="Pālariket – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pālariket" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="پال سلطنت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پال سلطنت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imp%C3%A9rio_Pala" title="Império Pala – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Império Pala" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Пала – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пала" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pala_Carstvo" title="Pala Carstvo – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pala Carstvo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pala_Empire" title="Pala Empire – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pala Empire" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="பாலப் பேரரசு – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பாலப் பேரரசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="పాల సామ్రాజ్యం – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పాల సామ్రాజ్యం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0" title="จักรวรรดิปาละ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จักรวรรดิปาละ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Імперія Пала – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Імперія Пала" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="پال سلطنت – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پال سلطنت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%BF_qu%E1%BB%91c_Pala" title="Đế quốc Pala – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đế quốc Pala" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="波罗王朝 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="波罗王朝" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&oldid=82985469" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&id=82985469&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%25B3%25A2%25E7%25BD%2597%25E7%258E%258B%25E6%259C%259D"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%25B3%25A2%25E7%25BD%2597%25E7%258E%258B%25E6%259C%259D"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pala_Empire" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q668412" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84055776">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">波羅王朝</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">750—1161</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Indian_Kanauj_triangle_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="波羅王朝版圖（紫色），與瞿折羅-普臘蒂哈臘王朝（綠色），与羅濕陀羅拘陀王朝（橙色）鼎立。"><img alt="波羅王朝版圖（紫色），與瞿折羅-普臘蒂哈臘王朝（綠色），与羅濕陀羅拘陀王朝（橙色）鼎立。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Indian_Kanauj_triangle_map.svg/250px-Indian_Kanauj_triangle_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Indian_Kanauj_triangle_map.svg/375px-Indian_Kanauj_triangle_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Indian_Kanauj_triangle_map.svg/500px-Indian_Kanauj_triangle_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1639" data-file-height="1852" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">波羅王朝</a>版圖（紫色），與<a href="/wiki/%E7%9E%BF%E6%8A%98%E7%BD%97-%E6%99%AE%E8%85%8A%E8%92%82%E5%93%88%E8%85%8A%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="瞿折罗-普腊蒂哈腊王朝">瞿折羅-普臘蒂哈臘王朝</a>（綠色），与<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%B9%BF%E9%99%80%E7%BD%97%E6%8B%98%E9%99%80%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="罗湿陀罗拘陀王朝">羅濕陀羅拘陀王朝</a>（橙色）鼎立。</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">首都</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>多地</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bikrampur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bikrampur（页面不存在）">Bikrampur</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E6%B0%8F%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="华氏城">華氏城</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gau%E1%B8%8Da_(city)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gauḍa (city)（页面不存在）">Gauda</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E6%A0%BC%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94" title="蒙格埃尔">蒙格埃爾</a> (Devapala) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E7%8E%9B%E6%99%AE%E5%88%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%AF%BA" title="索玛普利大寺">索瑪普利大寺</a> (Dharampala) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Mahipal 今 <a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%B8%8C%E9%81%94%E5%B7%B4%E5%BE%B7%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="穆希達巴德縣">穆希達巴德縣</a> (摩醯波羅一世)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHuntington198456_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHuntington198456-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Ramavati 今 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Varendra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Varendra（页面不存在）">Varendra</a> (羅摩波羅及後繼者) </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">常用语言</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="梵語">梵語</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E7%89%B9%E8%AF%B8%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80" title="普拉克里特诸语言">普拉克里特諸語言</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%88%A9%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="巴利語">巴利語</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">宗教<div class="ib-country-religion"></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%95%E5%A9%86%E6%95%99" title="濕婆教">濕婆教</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">政府</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">君主制</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E8%A8%B6%E6%8B%89%E8%80%85" class="mw-redirect" title="摩訶拉者">摩訶拉者</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 8世紀 </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9E%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瞿波罗一世（页面不存在）">瞿波罗一世</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 12世紀 </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9E%BF%E9%A2%91%E9%99%80%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瞿频陀波罗（页面不存在）">瞿频陀波罗</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">历史</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 建立 </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">750</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 终结 </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1161</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67735281">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>前身</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>继承</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Rohtas_seal_of_Shashanka.jpg/20px-Rohtas_seal_of_Shashanka.jpg" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Rohtas_seal_of_Shashanka.jpg/30px-Rohtas_seal_of_Shashanka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Rohtas_seal_of_Shashanka.jpg/40px-Rohtas_seal_of_Shashanka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="290" data-file-height="358" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E8%BE%BE%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="高达王国">高达王国</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; background:transparent; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%80%E9%82%A3%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="犀那王朝">犀那王朝</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Sena_Empire_Flag.png/20px-Sena_Empire_Flag.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Sena_Empire_Flag.png/30px-Sena_Empire_Flag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Sena_Empire_Flag.png/40px-Sena_Empire_Flag.png 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="505" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">今属于</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/33px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BD" title="孟加拉国">孟加拉国</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/25px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%B3%8A%E5%B0%94" title="尼泊尔">尼泊尔</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style 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li{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:1.25em;text-indent:0.35em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r80230634"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r80230634"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r80230634"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r80230634"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r80230634"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r80230634"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r80230634"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:65%; font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="Category:印度歷史"><b>历史</b></a>系列条目</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="vcard" style="background: #ccf; font-size: 145%;padding: 0.15em 0.1em;line-height: 1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="印度历史"><span class="fn org label">印度</span>历史</a></th> </tr><tr><td style="padding: 0.2em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;"><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:North_Gateway_-_Rear_Side_-_Stupa_1_-_Sanchi_Hill_2013-02-21_4480-4481.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Carved decoration of the gateway torana to the Great Sanchi Stupa, 3rd century BCE."><img alt="History of India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/North_Gateway_-_Rear_Side_-_Stupa_1_-_Sanchi_Hill_2013-02-21_4480-4481.JPG/200px-North_Gateway_-_Rear_Side_-_Stupa_1_-_Sanchi_Hill_2013-02-21_4480-4481.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/North_Gateway_-_Rear_Side_-_Stupa_1_-_Sanchi_Hill_2013-02-21_4480-4481.JPG/300px-North_Gateway_-_Rear_Side_-_Stupa_1_-_Sanchi_Hill_2013-02-21_4480-4481.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/North_Gateway_-_Rear_Side_-_Stupa_1_-_Sanchi_Hill_2013-02-21_4480-4481.JPG/400px-North_Gateway_-_Rear_Side_-_Stupa_1_-_Sanchi_Hill_2013-02-21_4480-4481.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="4258" /></a><figcaption>Carved decoration of the gateway <i>torana</i> to the Great <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanchi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanchi（页面不存在）">Sanchi</a> Stupa, 3rd century BCE.</figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">古代印度</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content nowrap" style="text-align:left"><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9E%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" title="南亞石器時代">新石器时代</a> c. 7600 – c. 3300 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B2%B3%E6%B5%81%E5%9F%9F%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E" title="印度河流域文明">印度河流域文明</a> c. 3300 – c. 1700 BCE</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="H陵墓文化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cemetery H culture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E9%99%B5%E5%A2%93%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H陵墓文化（页面不存在）">后印度河流域时期</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemetery_H_culture" class="extiw" title="en:Cemetery H culture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cemetery H culture</span></a></span>）</span></span> c. 1700 – c. 1500 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A0%E9%99%80%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="吠陀文化">吠陀文明</a> c. 1500 – c. 500 BCE <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="婆罗多汉达" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bharata Khanda"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A9%86%E7%BD%97%E5%A4%9A%E6%B1%89%E8%BE%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="婆罗多汉达（页面不存在）">婆罗多汉达</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharata_Khanda" class="extiw" title="en:Bharata Khanda"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bharata Khanda</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li>吠陀文化前期</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="贾纳帕达" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Janapadas"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B4%BE%E7%BA%B3%E5%B8%95%E8%BE%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="贾纳帕达（页面不存在）">吠陀文化后期</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janapadas" class="extiw" title="en:Janapadas"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Janapadas</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E8%AF%83%E5%A9%86%E7%BD%97%E5%A4%9A" title="摩诃婆罗多">摩诃婆罗多</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%97%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="印度列国时代">列国时代</a> c. 600 – c. 300 BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E9%96%80" title="沙門">沙门运动崛起</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴湿伐那陀" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Parshvanatha"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E6%B9%BF%E4%BC%90%E9%82%A3%E9%99%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴湿伐那陀（页面不存在）">耆那教的传播（巴湿伐那陀）</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parshvanatha" class="extiw" title="en:Parshvanatha"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Parshvanatha</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%8F%E9%A6%B1%E6%91%A9%E9%82%A3" title="筏馱摩那">耆那教的传播（伐達摩那）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E8%BF%A6%E7%89%9F%E5%B0%BC" title="释迦牟尼">佛教的崛起</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%91%A9%E8%A1%8D%E9%82%A3" title="罗摩衍那">罗摩衍那</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A3%E9%99%80%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="難陀王朝">難陀王朝</a> c. 345 – c. 322 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E9%9B%80%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="孔雀王朝">孔雀王朝</a> c. 322 – c. 185 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E4%B9%98%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="百乘王朝">百乘王朝</a> c. 230 BCE - c. 220 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%BD%E4%BC%BD%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="巽伽王朝">巽伽王朝</a> c. 185 – c. 75 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E5%A9%86%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="甘婆王朝">甘婆王朝</a> c. 75 – c. 30 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%B4%E9%9C%9C%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="貴霜帝國">贵霜王朝</a> c. 30 - c. 375 CE</li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">古典印度</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content nowrap" style="text-align:left"><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%88%E5%A4%9A%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="笈多王朝">笈多王朝</a> c. 200 - c. 550 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%AE%E5%A8%84%E5%85%B6%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="遮娄其王朝">遮娄其王朝</a> 543 - 753 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%92%E6%97%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="戒日王朝">戒日王朝</a> 606 CE - 647 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%88%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%A1%94%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="卡爾科塔王朝">卡爾科塔王朝</a> 625 - 885 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AD%E9%A9%AC%E4%BA%9A%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%9C%A8%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%9A%84%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9" title="倭马亚王朝在印度的战役">阿拉伯入侵</a> 738 CE</li> <li>三国相争 760 - 973 CE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9E%BF%E6%8A%98%E7%BD%97-%E6%99%AE%E8%85%8A%E8%92%82%E5%93%88%E8%85%8A%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="瞿折罗-普腊蒂哈腊王朝">瞿折罗-普腊蒂哈腊</a>、<a class="mw-selflink selflink">波罗</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%B9%BF%E9%99%80%E7%BD%97%E6%8B%98%E9%99%80" title="罗湿陀罗拘陀">罗湿陀罗拘陀</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="朱罗王朝">朱罗王朝</a> 848 - 1251 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E9%81%AE%E5%A8%84%E5%85%B6%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="西遮娄其王朝">第二遮娄其王朝</a> 973 - 1187 CE</li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">中世纪印度</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content nowrap" style="text-align:left"><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%8B" title="德里蘇丹國">德里蘇丹國</a> 1206 - 1526 CE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%AB%E7%89%B9%E5%B8%83%E6%B2%99%E5%B8%8C%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="庫特布沙希王朝">奴隶王朝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%88%BE%E5%90%89%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="卡爾吉王朝">卡爾吉王朝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%96%E6%A0%BC%E9%AD%AF%E5%85%8B%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="圖格魯克王朝">圖格魯克王朝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%BD%E7%BE%A9%E5%BE%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D_(%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6)" class="mw-redirect" title="賽義德王朝 (印度)">赛义德王朝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E8%BF%AA%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="洛迪王朝">洛迪王朝</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%98%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%9A" title="潘地亚">潘地亚王朝</a> 1251 - 1323 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%97%E5%A5%A2%E8%80%B6%E9%82%A3%E4%BC%BD%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="毗奢耶那伽罗王朝">毗奢耶那伽罗王朝</a> 1336 - 1646 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%8D%A7%E5%84%BF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="莫卧儿帝国">莫卧儿王朝</a> 1526 - 1540 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E5%B0%94%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="苏尔王朝">苏尔王朝</a> 1540 - 1556 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%8D%A7%E5%84%BF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="莫卧儿帝国">莫卧儿王朝</a> 1556 - 1707 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89%E5%A1%94%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="馬拉塔帝國">馬拉塔帝國</a> 1674 - 1818 CE</li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">现代印度</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content nowrap" style="text-align:left"><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%88%E7%B4%A2%E5%B0%94%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="迈索尔王国">迈索尔王国</a> 1760 - 1799 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E6%B2%BB%E4%B8%8B%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="东印度公司治下的印度">东印度公司</a> 1757 - 1858 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1%E5%85%8B%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="锡克帝国">锡克帝国</a> 1799 - 1849 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89" title="印度民族起义">大起义</a> 1857 - 1858 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%9E%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="英属印度">英属印度</a> 1858 - 1947 CE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="印度独立运动">独立运动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E8%87%A8%E6%99%82%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="自由印度臨時政府">自由印度臨時政府</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="印度共和國歷史">独立后的印度</a> 1947 CE - 现今</li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="Template:印度历史"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:印度历史（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:印度历史"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>波罗王朝</b>又稱<b>帕拉王朝</b>（现代<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E8%AF%AD" title="孟加拉语">孟加拉语</a>写为পাল， <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="英語">英語</a>：Pala Empire），8世纪~12世纪时统治<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a>东北部的一个重要王朝。其統治者的名稱均以帕拉為後綴，在古<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E7%89%B9%E8%AF%B8%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80" title="普拉克里特诸语言">普拉克里特諸語言</a>意為“保護者”，他們是大乘佛教和密宗的信徒。其主要據點位於<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89" class="mw-redirect" title="孟加拉">孟加拉</a>和今印度<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%93%88%E7%88%BE%E9%82%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="比哈爾邦">比哈爾邦</a>，包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%80%A3%E5%BC%97%E9%82%91" title="巴連弗邑">巴連弗邑</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E6%A0%BC%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94" title="蒙格埃尔">蒙格埃爾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%91%A9%E6%A2%A8%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="多摩梨帝國">多摩梨帝國</a>等當時的大城市。9世纪初期，波羅王朝是北印度一强大的政治势力，其领土由比哈爾、孟加拉進一步擴展至尼泊爾、恆河流域中部<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。在公元810年时，波羅王朝領土上的人口达到1030万人。 </p><p>波羅王朝被視為伊斯蘭教傳入前孟加拉歷史的黃金時期<sup id="cite_ref-Sailendra1999_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sailendra1999-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nitish2011_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nitish2011-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，此王朝曾結束孟加拉地區持續不斷的戰亂和割據，對內為當地帶來安定與繁榮，對外與西藏<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%90%E8%95%83%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="吐蕃王朝">吐蕃王朝</a>、印尼<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BD%9B%E9%BD%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="三佛齊">三佛齊</a>和阿拉伯<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%94%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="阿拔斯王朝">阿拔斯王朝</a>維持良好的關係。在此時期，透過阿拉伯地區與孟加拉的頻繁貿易，伊斯蘭教首度於孟加拉出現，阿拔斯王朝的貨幣亦可於波羅王朝的考古遺址中找到<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。該王朝歷代國王修建了大規模的佛寺，並贊助<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E7%88%9B%E9%99%80%E5%AF%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="那爛陀寺">那爛陀寺</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%88%92%E5%AF%BA" title="超戒寺">超戒寺</a>等佛學研究所。12世紀，信仰印度教的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AF%E9%82%A3%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斯那王朝（页面不存在）">斯那王朝</a>推翻了波羅王朝，正式結束最後一個建立於印度本土的佛教王國。 </p><p>波罗王朝在其领土内推行一种<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%81%E5%BB%BA%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="封建制度">封建制度</a>，即王室将土地赠给受封者，同时受封者获得对该片土地的税收、行政和司法权。但这种封地现象只是表面上与<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%AC%A7" title="西欧">西欧</a>的封建制度类似。波罗王朝的封地对象几乎只限于<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="宗教">宗教</a>集团，表现为将大量土地捐赠给寺院（如<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8F%90%E5%A9%86%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="提婆波罗（页面不存在）">提婆波罗</a>国王曾赠给著名的<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E7%83%82%E9%99%80%E5%AF%BA" title="那烂陀寺">那烂陀寺</a>5个村庄<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>）；世俗官僚获得封地的现象非常少见。<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2"></span>歷史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：歷史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="王朝建立"><span id=".E7.8E.8B.E6.9C.9D.E5.BB.BA.E7.AB.8B"></span>王朝建立</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：王朝建立"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>波罗王朝以今<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89" class="mw-redirect" title="孟加拉">孟加拉</a>为中心，在<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%92%E6%97%A5%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="戒日王">戒日王</a>的帝国崩溃后北印群雄并起的形势中迅速崛起。王朝的首位君主<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="瞿波罗一世" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gopala I"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9E%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瞿波罗一世（页面不存在）">瞿波罗一世</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopala_I" class="extiw" title="en:Gopala I"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gopala I</span></a></span>）</span></span>約於750年在西孟加拉Gaur被一眾地區首領推舉為王。歷史證據表明瞿波罗是由地區首領推舉所出，並非由當地人民直接選舉產生。<sup id="cite_ref-Nitish2011_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nitish2011-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Biplab2005_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biplab2005-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="王朝在達摩波羅和提婆波羅統治下的擴張"><span id=".E7.8E.8B.E6.9C.9D.E5.9C.A8.E9.81.94.E6.91.A9.E6.B3.A2.E7.BE.85.E5.92.8C.E6.8F.90.E5.A9.86.E6.B3.A2.E7.BE.85.E7.B5.B1.E6.B2.BB.E4.B8.8B.E7.9A.84.E6.93.B4.E5.BC.B5"></span>王朝在達摩波羅和提婆波羅統治下的擴張</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：王朝在達摩波羅和提婆波羅統治下的擴張"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Indian_Kanauj_triangle_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Indian_Kanauj_triangle_map.svg/280px-Indian_Kanauj_triangle_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Indian_Kanauj_triangle_map.svg/420px-Indian_Kanauj_triangle_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Indian_Kanauj_triangle_map.svg/560px-Indian_Kanauj_triangle_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1639" data-file-height="1852" /></a><figcaption>約750-900年，西印的瞿折罗-普腊蒂哈腊王朝（绿色）、南印的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%B9%BF%E9%99%80%E7%BD%97%E6%8B%98%E9%99%80" title="罗湿陀罗拘陀">罗湿陀罗拘陀</a>（橙色）、東印的<a class="mw-selflink selflink">波羅王朝</a>（紫色）鼎立，形成<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%91%99%E5%82%91" class="mw-redirect" title="卡瑙傑">卡瑙傑</a>三角（Kannauj Triangle）</figcaption></figure> <p>瞿波羅死後，其兒子達摩波羅和孫提婆波羅大幅擴展了王朝的領土。達摩波羅原本被<a href="/wiki/%E7%9E%BF%E6%8A%98%E7%BD%97-%E6%99%AE%E8%85%8A%E8%92%82%E5%93%88%E8%85%8A%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="瞿折罗-普腊蒂哈腊王朝">瞿折羅-普臘蒂哈臘王朝</a>的君主瓦特薩羅闍擊敗。隨後達摩波羅和瓦特薩羅闍均被<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%B9%BF%E9%99%80%E7%BD%97%E6%8B%98%E9%99%80" title="罗湿陀罗拘陀">羅濕陀羅拘陀</a>君主陀魯婆擊敗。陀魯婆離開德干地區後，達摩波羅得以向西擴展王朝至北印度，包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%91%99%E5%82%91" class="mw-redirect" title="卡瑙傑">卡瑙傑</a>（古稱曲女城）。 </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"> <tbody><tr> <th>三國比較</th> <th>瞿折罗-普腊蒂哈腊王朝</th> <th>波羅王朝</th> <th>罗湿陀罗拘陀 </th></tr> <tr> <td>國祚</td> <td>7世紀中期-1036</td> <td>約750-12世紀</td> <td>753-982 </td></tr> <tr> <td>統治中心</td> <td>摩臘婆、拉賈斯坦邦</td> <td>孟加拉、比哈爾</td> <td>卡納塔克邦、馬哈拉施特拉邦、安得拉邦部份 </td></tr> <tr> <td>首都</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B2%E5%A5%B3%E5%9F%8E" title="曲女城">曲女城</a>（今卡瑙傑）</td> <td>巴連弗邑、蒙格埃爾、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E7%8E%9B%E6%99%AE%E5%88%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%AF%BA" title="索玛普利大寺">索瑪普利</a>等</td> <td>Manyakheta（位於今卡納塔克邦東北） </td></tr> <tr> <td>主要君主</td> <td>瓦特薩羅闍、納加巴塔二世</td> <td>達摩波羅、提婆波羅</td> <td>瞿頻陀三世、陀魯婆 </td></tr> <tr> <td>宗教</td> <td>印度教</td> <td>大乘佛教、密宗</td> <td>印度教 (早期)、耆那教 (晚期) </td></tr> <tr> <td>建築遺址</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E4%B9%85%E6%8B%89%E9%9C%8D" title="克久拉霍">克久拉霍</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E7%88%9B%E9%99%80%E5%AF%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="那爛陀寺">那爛陀寺</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%88%92%E5%AF%BA" title="超戒寺">超戒寺</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9B%E8%A1%8C%E5%AF%BA" title="飛行寺">飞行寺</a>、索瑪普利大寺等</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E6%B4%9B%E6%8B%89%E7%9F%B3%E7%AA%9F" title="埃洛拉石窟">埃洛拉石窟</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E5%A1%94%E8%BE%BE%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E7%BE%A4" title="帕塔达卡尔建筑群">帕塔達卡爾建築群</a>的耆那教神廟 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>然而，瓦特薩羅闍之子納加巴塔二世隨後佔領了<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%91%99%E5%82%91" class="mw-redirect" title="卡瑙傑">卡瑙傑</a>，並進軍至蒙格埃爾。達摩波羅被逼投降，並與<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%B9%BF%E9%99%80%E7%BD%97%E6%8B%98%E9%99%80" title="罗湿陀罗拘陀">羅濕陀羅拘陀</a>君主瞿頻陀三世結盟。瞿頻陀三世入侵北印，並打敗納加巴塔二世。<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>羅濕陀羅拘陀的記錄顯示達摩波羅曾承認羅濕陀羅拘陀為宗主國。在瞿頻陀三世離開後，達摩波羅得以恢復北印度的領土。<sup id="cite_ref-Sailendra1999_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sailendra1999-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>達摩波羅死後，其子提婆波羅登位，並被視為波羅王朝最強大的君主。他曾入侵<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E6%91%A9%E7%BC%95%E6%B3%A2" title="迦摩缕波">迦摩縷波</a>（今<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%96%A9%E5%A7%86%E9%82%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="阿薩姆邦">阿薩姆邦</a>）和今<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E9%87%8C%E8%96%A9%E9%82%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="奧里薩邦">奧里薩邦</a>的小王國。其中迦摩縷波的君主沒有與達摩波羅戰鬥就屈服於波羅王朝，奧里薩的國王則逃離首都。<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>除了上述的征伐外，他的繼任者亦有記載他曾佔領其他的領土，但有不少記載實際上是誇張失實。<sup id="cite_ref-Nitish2011_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nitish2011-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-George_1977_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-George_1977-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="首度衰退"><span id=".E9.A6.96.E5.BA.A6.E8.A1.B0.E9.80.80"></span>首度衰退</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：首度衰退"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>提婆波羅死後，波羅王朝開始逐步瓦解。提婆波羅外甥毗羯羅訶波羅一世在短暫統治後退位，並成了苦行僧。他的兒子那羅衍波羅繼任為王，此時羅濕陀羅拘陀王阿目佉跋沙一世擊敗了波羅王朝，阿薩姆和奧里薩更恢復獨立。<sup id="cite_ref-Sailendra1999_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sailendra1999-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>那羅衍波羅之子羅闍耶波羅至少統治了12年，並興建了一些公共設施和寺廟。他的兒子瞿波羅統治數年後失去了孟加拉，此時波羅王朝的領地只剩下比哈爾邦一帶。繼任的毗羯羅訶波羅二世亦受到來自中印度的Chandela和Kalachuri王國的侵略，波羅王朝在他統治時期分裂為數個小王國。<sup id="cite_ref-Sailendra1999_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sailendra1999-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nitish2011_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nitish2011-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="兩度短暫中興與衰亡"><span id=".E5.85.A9.E5.BA.A6.E7.9F.AD.E6.9A.AB.E4.B8.AD.E8.88.88.E8.88.87.E8.A1.B0.E4.BA.A1"></span>兩度短暫中興與衰亡</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：兩度短暫中興與衰亡"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>約988年，摩醯波羅一世登位。在三年內，他收復了孟加拉北部和東部的失地，並收復了今<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E9%82%A6" title="西孟加拉邦">西孟加拉邦</a>的北部地區。於1021-23年，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="朱罗王朝">朱羅王朝</a>君主羅貞陀羅入侵孟加拉。他努力的成果很快被来自南印的侵略者<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="朱罗王朝">朱罗王朝</a>所终止。<sup id="cite_ref-Nitish2011_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nitish2011-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:45</sup>摩醯波羅一世的兒子那耶波羅在奮力抵抗後擊敗了Kalachuri 國王，兩國後來在佛教高僧<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%95%E5%B3%BD" title="阿底峽">阿底峽</a>調和下簽訂和約。<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>約於1077-1130年在位的羅摩波羅是波羅王朝最後一位明君。他減輕稅收、推動農業，並建造了一些公共設施。他恢復了<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E6%91%A9%E7%BC%95%E6%B3%A2" title="迦摩缕波">迦摩縷波</a>的管治，並與<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="朱罗王朝">朱羅王朝</a>君主維持友好的關係，以爭取支援對抗<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%AE%E5%A9%81%E5%85%B6%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="遮婁其王朝">遮婁其王朝</a><sup id="cite_ref-Sailendra1999_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sailendra1999-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nitish2011_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nitish2011-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。羅摩波羅死後波羅王朝繼續衰退，領土逐步縮小。 </p><p>摩陀那波羅在位（約1143-1161）時，來自南印、信奉印度教的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AF%E9%82%A3%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斯那王朝（页面不存在）">斯那王朝</a>吞併了波羅王朝在孟加拉的所有領土，波羅王朝消亡前的領土只縮減至比哈尔邦南部一帶。約於1161年，名為瞿頻陀波羅的一位國王統治著<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E9%9B%85" class="mw-redirect" title="加雅">加雅</a>，但沒有確切史據證實他與波羅王朝君主的關係。<sup id="cite_ref-Nitish2011_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nitish2011-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="文化"><span id=".E6.96.87.E5.8C.96"></span>文化</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：文化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>波罗王朝以其对<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a>的支持和庇护而闻名；该王朝是最后一个信奉佛教的印度王室。在波罗王朝中后期，印度西部的佛教已经被<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教</a>入侵者消灭，只在东印还得以留存。历代波罗国王都是虔诚的佛教徒（所谓“波罗七代护法”），他们长期出资建设北印度著名的佛教综合大学<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E7%83%82%E9%99%80%E5%AF%BA" title="那烂陀寺">那烂陀寺</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%88%92%E5%AF%BA" title="超戒寺">超戒寺</a>。其中以研究<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="密宗">密宗</a>为主的超戒寺是波罗王朝国王达摩波罗主持修建的，据说规模比<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%88%E5%A4%9A%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="笈多王朝">笈多王朝</a>时修建的那烂陀寺还大。达摩波罗还建立了另一座密宗大寺<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9B%E8%A1%8C%E5%AF%BA" title="飛行寺">飞行寺</a>。这几座宏伟的佛教研究机构都在12~13世纪的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97" title="穆斯林">穆斯林</a>入侵时期被彻底毁灭。波罗王朝的佛教主要是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="大乘佛教">大乘佛教</a>，尤其是<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="密宗">密宗</a>。 </p><p>作為統治佛教誕生地的君主，波羅王朝的國王在佛教國家中得到很高的名望。來自爪哇<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E8%BF%9E%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="夏连特拉王国">夏連特拉王國</a>的使節就曾請求波羅國王給予5座村落，讓他們得以在那爛陀寺興建一座寺院，此請求得到國王提婆波羅答允。提婆波羅亦修復、擴大了索瑪普利大寺的建築。摩醯波羅一世亦曾下令修復及建造那爛陀寺和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E8%BF%A6%E8%80%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="菩提迦耶">菩提迦耶</a>的宗教建築。波羅王朝與<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="中國">中國</a>亦有交流，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B" title="北宋">北宋</a>曾派遣使者西行求佛法，<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BC%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="遼朝">遼朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F" title="西夏">西夏</a>亦有印度僧之紀載。<sup id="cite_ref-Sailendra1999_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sailendra1999-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>波羅王朝和斯那王朝（約1070-1230年）時期，比哈爾和孟加拉的藝術影響了尼泊爾、緬甸、斯里蘭卡和爪哇的藝術發展。<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lalita_statue.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="一座玄武岩塑像"><img alt="一座玄武岩塑像" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Lalita_statue.jpg/68px-Lalita_statue.jpg" decoding="async" width="68" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Lalita_statue.jpg/101px-Lalita_statue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Lalita_statue.jpg/135px-Lalita_statue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1916" data-file-height="3392" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> 一座玄武岩塑像</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carved_Conch.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="約於11-12世紀製成、雕有圖案的印度鉛螺，其中最左邊的鉛螺刻有吉祥天女和毗濕奴的樣貌"><img alt="約於11-12世紀製成、雕有圖案的印度鉛螺，其中最左邊的鉛螺刻有吉祥天女和毗濕奴的樣貌" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Carved_Conch.jpg/86px-Carved_Conch.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Carved_Conch.jpg/128px-Carved_Conch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Carved_Conch.jpg/171px-Carved_Conch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="983" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> 約於11-12世紀製成、雕有圖案的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E9%89%9B%E8%9E%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="印度鉛螺">印度鉛螺</a>，其中最左邊的鉛螺刻有<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E7%A5%A5%E5%A4%A9%E5%A5%B3" title="吉祥天女">吉祥天女</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%97%E6%BF%95%E5%A5%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="毗濕奴">毗濕奴</a>的樣貌</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Khasarpana_Lokesvara.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="來自那烂陀寺的佛像"><img alt="來自那烂陀寺的佛像" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Khasarpana_Lokesvara.jpg/75px-Khasarpana_Lokesvara.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Khasarpana_Lokesvara.jpg/113px-Khasarpana_Lokesvara.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Khasarpana_Lokesvara.jpg/151px-Khasarpana_Lokesvara.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1027" data-file-height="1632" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> 來自那烂陀寺的佛像</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nswag,_india_bengala_occidentale,_periodo_pala_(760-1142)_varana_che_libera_la_dea_della_terra_bhudevi,_X_sec..JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Nswag%2C_india_bengala_occidentale%2C_periodo_pala_%28760-1142%29_varana_che_libera_la_dea_della_terra_bhudevi%2C_X_sec..JPG/67px-Nswag%2C_india_bengala_occidentale%2C_periodo_pala_%28760-1142%29_varana_che_libera_la_dea_della_terra_bhudevi%2C_X_sec..JPG" decoding="async" width="67" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Nswag%2C_india_bengala_occidentale%2C_periodo_pala_%28760-1142%29_varana_che_libera_la_dea_della_terra_bhudevi%2C_X_sec..JPG/101px-Nswag%2C_india_bengala_occidentale%2C_periodo_pala_%28760-1142%29_varana_che_libera_la_dea_della_terra_bhudevi%2C_X_sec..JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Nswag%2C_india_bengala_occidentale%2C_periodo_pala_%28760-1142%29_varana_che_libera_la_dea_della_terra_bhudevi%2C_X_sec..JPG/134px-Nswag%2C_india_bengala_occidentale%2C_periodo_pala_%28760-1142%29_varana_che_libera_la_dea_della_terra_bhudevi%2C_X_sec..JPG 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="2013" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paharpur_03.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="由達摩波羅所建、位於今孟加拉國的索瑪普利大寺，已於1985年成為世界文化遺產"><img alt="由達摩波羅所建、位於今孟加拉國的索瑪普利大寺，已於1985年成為世界文化遺產" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Paharpur_03.JPG/120px-Paharpur_03.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Paharpur_03.JPG/180px-Paharpur_03.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Paharpur_03.JPG/240px-Paharpur_03.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">由達摩波羅所建、位於今孟加拉國的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E7%8E%9B%E6%99%AE%E5%88%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%AF%BA" title="索玛普利大寺">索瑪普利大寺</a>，已於1985年成為世界文化遺產</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Naogaon_Paharpur_11Oct12_IMG_3684.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="索瑪普利中央的裝飾"><img alt="索瑪普利中央的裝飾" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Naogaon_Paharpur_11Oct12_IMG_3684.jpg/120px-Naogaon_Paharpur_11Oct12_IMG_3684.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Naogaon_Paharpur_11Oct12_IMG_3684.jpg/180px-Naogaon_Paharpur_11Oct12_IMG_3684.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Naogaon_Paharpur_11Oct12_IMG_3684.jpg/240px-Naogaon_Paharpur_11Oct12_IMG_3684.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5194" data-file-height="3463" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">索瑪普利中央的裝飾</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vikramshila_2012-08-10-17.48.39.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="位於今喬爾貢格東北13公里處的超戒寺遺跡"><img alt="位於今喬爾貢格東北13公里處的超戒寺遺跡" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Vikramshila_2012-08-10-17.48.39.jpg/120px-Vikramshila_2012-08-10-17.48.39.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Vikramshila_2012-08-10-17.48.39.jpg/180px-Vikramshila_2012-08-10-17.48.39.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Vikramshila_2012-08-10-17.48.39.jpg/240px-Vikramshila_2012-08-10-17.48.39.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> 位於今<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E5%B0%94%E8%B4%A1%E6%A0%BC" title="乔尔贡格">喬爾貢格</a>東北13公里處的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%88%92%E5%AF%BA" title="超戒寺">超戒寺</a>遺跡</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:VikramshilaRuins.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="超戒寺亦是達摩波羅所建造的一座佛學中心，阿底峽大師入藏之前曾住持此寺"><img alt="超戒寺亦是達摩波羅所建造的一座佛學中心，阿底峽大師入藏之前曾住持此寺" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/VikramshilaRuins.jpg/120px-VikramshilaRuins.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/VikramshilaRuins.jpg/180px-VikramshilaRuins.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/VikramshilaRuins.jpg/240px-VikramshilaRuins.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">超戒寺亦是達摩波羅所建造的一座佛學中心，阿底峽大師入藏之前曾住持此寺</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:IndianBuddha11.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="波羅王朝时代制作的佛陀與協侍菩薩的雕像"><img alt="波羅王朝时代制作的佛陀與協侍菩薩的雕像" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/IndianBuddha11.JPG/97px-IndianBuddha11.JPG" decoding="async" width="97" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/IndianBuddha11.JPG/146px-IndianBuddha11.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/IndianBuddha11.JPG/194px-IndianBuddha11.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="1261" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">波羅王朝时代制作的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E9%99%80" class="mw-redirect" title="佛陀">佛陀</a>與協侍<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="菩薩">菩薩</a>的雕像</div> </li> </ul> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历代君主"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E4.BB.A3.E5.90.9B.E4.B8.BB"></span>历代君主</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：历代君主"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>以下君主的在位時間只是印度史學家Dineshchandra Sircar（1907-1985）於1975-76年根據各史料所作出的推測<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，並非確切的在位時間。 </p> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="瞿波罗一世" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gopala I"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9E%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瞿波罗一世（页面不存在）">瞿波罗一世</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopala_I" class="extiw" title="en:Gopala I"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gopala I</span></a></span>）</span></span>（750-775年）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="达摩波罗" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dharmapala (emperor)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%BE%E6%91%A9%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="达摩波罗（页面不存在）">达摩波罗</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dharmapala_(emperor)" class="extiw" title="en:Dharmapala (emperor)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dharmapala (emperor)</span></a></span>）</span></span>（法护王，775-812年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8F%90%E5%A9%86%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="提婆波罗（页面不存在）">提婆波罗</a>（天护王，812-850年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%93%E7%BD%97%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="输罗波罗一世（页面不存在）">输罗波罗一世</a>（破魔护王，850-858年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%97%E7%BE%AF%E7%BD%97%E8%AF%83%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="毗羯罗诃波罗一世（页面不存在）">毗羯罗诃波罗一世</a>（858-860年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%A3%E7%BD%97%E8%A1%8D%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="那罗衍波罗（页面不存在）">那罗衍波罗</a>（860-917年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%97%E9%98%87%E8%80%B6%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="罗阇耶波罗（页面不存在）">罗阇耶波罗</a>（917-952年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9E%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瞿波罗二世（页面不存在）">瞿波罗二世</a>（952-972年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%97%E7%BE%AF%E7%BD%97%E8%AF%83%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="毗羯罗诃波罗二世（页面不存在）">毗羯罗诃波罗二世</a>（972-977年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%A9%E9%86%AF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="摩醯波罗一世（页面不存在）">摩醯波罗一世</a>（地护王，977-1027年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%A3%E8%80%B6%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="那耶波罗（页面不存在）">那耶波罗</a>（1017-1043年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%97%E7%BE%AF%E7%BD%97%E8%AF%83%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="毗羯罗诃波罗三世（页面不存在）">毗羯罗诃波罗三世</a>（1043-1070年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%A9%E9%86%AF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="摩醯波罗二世（页面不存在）">摩醯波罗二世</a>（1070-1071年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%93%E7%BD%97%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="输罗波罗二世（页面不存在）">输罗波罗二世</a>（1071-1072年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%97%E6%91%A9%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="罗摩波罗（页面不存在）">罗摩波罗</a>（1072-1126年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B8%A0%E6%91%A9%E7%BD%97%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鸠摩罗波罗（页面不存在）">鸠摩罗波罗</a>（1126-1128年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9E%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瞿波罗三世（页面不存在）">瞿波罗三世</a>（1128-1143年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%A9%E9%99%80%E9%82%A3%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="摩陀那波罗（页面不存在）">摩陀那波罗</a>（1143-1161年）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9E%BF%E9%A2%91%E9%99%80%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瞿频陀波罗（页面不存在）">瞿频陀波罗</a>（1161-1165年）</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="孟加拉国历史">孟加拉國歷史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9E%BF%E6%8A%98%E7%BD%97-%E6%99%AE%E8%85%8A%E8%92%82%E5%93%88%E8%85%8A%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="瞿折罗-普腊蒂哈腊王朝">瞿折羅-普臘蒂哈臘王朝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%B9%BF%E9%99%80%E7%BD%97%E6%8B%98%E9%99%80%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="罗湿陀罗拘陀王朝">羅濕陀羅拘陀王朝</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="资料来源"><span id=".E8.B5.84.E6.96.99.E6.9D.A5.E6.BA.90"></span>资料来源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：资料来源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Michael C. Howard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6QPWXrCCzBIC&pg=PA72">Transnationalism in Ancient and Medieval Societies: The Role of Cross-Border Trade and Travel</a>. McFarland. 2012: 72 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-07-06</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-7864-9033-2" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-7864-9033-2"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-7864-9033-2</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201120010756/https://books.google.com/books?id=6QPWXrCCzBIC&pg=PA72">存档</a>于2020-11-20）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&rft.au=Michael+C.+Howard&rft.btitle=Transnationalism+in+Ancient+and+Medieval+Societies%3A+The+Role+of+Cross-Border+Trade+and+Travel&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-9033-2&rft.pages=72&rft.pub=McFarland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6QPWXrCCzBIC%26pg%3DPA72&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHuntington198456-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHuntington198456_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHuntington1984">Huntington 1984</a>，第56頁.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn模板錯誤: 無指向目標: CITEREFHuntington1984 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%93%88%E4%BD%9B%E5%8F%82%E8%80%83%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E6%8C%87%E5%90%91%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:含有哈佛参考文献格式系列模板链接指向错误的页面">幫助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&pg=PA280&dq=pala+empire+r+c+majumdar&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDEQ6AEwBWoVChMIq8mlo4y4yAIVgz6OCh36gASf#v=onepage&q=pala%20empire%20r%20c%20majumdar&f=false">Ancient Indian History and Civilization</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-03-28</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201120010801/https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&pg=PA280&dq=pala+empire+r+c+majumdar&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDEQ6AEwBWoVChMIq8mlo4y4yAIVgz6OCh36gASf#v=onepage&q=pala%20empire%20r%20c%20majumdar&f=false">存档</a>于2020-11-20）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&rft.btitle=Ancient+Indian+History+and+Civilization&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.bd%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWk4_ICH_g1EC%26pg%3DPA280%26dq%3Dpala%2Bempire%2Br%2Bc%2Bmajumdar%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0CDEQ6AEwBWoVChMIq8mlo4y4yAIVgz6OCh36gASf%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dpala%2520empire%2520r%2520c%2520majumdar%26f%3Dfalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sailendra1999-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sailendra1999_4-0"><sup><b>4.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sailendra1999_4-1"><sup><b>4.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sailendra1999_4-2"><sup><b>4.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sailendra1999_4-3"><sup><b>4.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sailendra1999_4-4"><sup><b>4.4</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sailendra1999_4-5"><sup><b>4.5</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Sailendra Nath Sen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&pg=PA278">Ancient Indian History and Civilization</a>. New Age International. 1 January 1999: 277–287 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-03-28</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-81-224-1198-0" title="Special:网络书源/978-81-224-1198-0"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-81-224-1198-0</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160517130420/https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&pg=PA278">存档</a>于2016-05-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&rft.au=Sailendra+Nath+Sen&rft.btitle=Ancient+Indian+History+and+Civilization&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-81-224-1198-0&rft.pages=277-287&rft.pub=New+Age+International&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWk4_ICH_g1EC%26pg%3DPA278&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nitish2011-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nitish2011_5-0"><sup><b>5.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nitish2011_5-1"><sup><b>5.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nitish2011_5-2"><sup><b>5.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nitish2011_5-3"><sup><b>5.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nitish2011_5-4"><sup><b>5.4</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nitish2011_5-5"><sup><b>5.5</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nitish2011_5-6"><sup><b>5.6</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Nitish K. Sengupta. The Imperial Palas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kVSh_TyJ0YoC&pg=PA40">Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahabharata to Mujib</a>. Penguin Books India. 1 January 2011: 39–49 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-03-28</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-14-341678-4" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-14-341678-4"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-14-341678-4</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160502013923/https://books.google.com/books?id=kVSh_TyJ0YoC&pg=PA40">存档</a>于2016-05-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&rft.atitle=The+Imperial+Palas&rft.au=Nitish+K.+Sengupta&rft.btitle=Land+of+Two+Rivers%3A+A+History+of+Bengal+from+the+Mahabharata+to+Mujib&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-14-341678-4&rft.pages=39-49&rft.pub=Penguin+Books+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkVSh_TyJ0YoC%26pg%3DPA40&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Essays on Ancient India by Raj Kumar p.199</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《印度古代史纲》，224页</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《印度古代史纲》，213页</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Biplab2005-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Biplab2005_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Biplab Dasgupta. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YRRnRK8lEYEC&pg=PA341">European Trade and Colonial Conquest</a>. Anthem Press. 1 January 2005: 341– <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-03-28</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-84331-029-7" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-84331-029-7"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-1-84331-029-7</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160429143118/https://books.google.com/books?id=YRRnRK8lEYEC&pg=PA341">存档</a>于2016-04-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&rft.au=Biplab+Dasgupta&rft.btitle=European+Trade+and+Colonial+Conquest&rft.date=2005-01-01&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-84331-029-7&rft.pages=341-&rft.pub=Anthem+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYRRnRK8lEYEC%26pg%3DPA341&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Cambridge Shorter History of India p.143</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dynastic History Of Magadha by George E. Somers p.179</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bhagalpur Charter of Narayanapala, year 17, verse 6, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Indian_Antiquary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Indian Antiquary（页面不存在）">The Indian Antiquary</a></i>, XV p 304.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-George_1977-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-George_1977_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">George E. Somers. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gYO25eaDrqUC&pg=PA185">Dynastic History Of Magadha</a>. Abhinav Publications. 1977: 185 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-03-28</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-81-7017-059-4" title="Special:网络书源/978-81-7017-059-4"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-81-7017-059-4</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160603154418/https://books.google.com/books?id=gYO25eaDrqUC&pg=PA185">存档</a>于2016-06-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D&rft.au=George+E.+Somers&rft.btitle=Dynastic+History+Of+Magadha&rft.date=1977&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-81-7017-059-4&rft.pages=185&rft.pub=Abhinav+Publications&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgYO25eaDrqUC%26pg%3DPA185&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Cambridge Shorter History of India p.10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stella Kramrisch (1 January 1994). Exploring India'S Sacred Art Selected Writings Of Stella Kramrisch Ed. & With A Biographical Essay. Motilal Banarsidass Publishe. p. 208. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9788120812086" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-81-208-1208-6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Dineshchandra Sircar (1975–76). "Indological Notes - R.C. Majumdar's Chronology of the Pala Kings". Journal of Indian History IX: 209–10.</span> </li> </ol> <ul><li>《古印度简史》，许海山主编，中国言实出版社，<a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7801288017" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 7-80128-801-7</a></li> <li>《古印度-从起源至公元13世纪》，玛瑞里娅·阿巴尼斯著，中国水利水电出版社，<a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7508426495" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 7-5084-2649-5</a></li> <li>《印度古代史纲》，林承节著，光明日报出版社，<a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7801453557" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 7-80145-355-7</a></li> <li>《新编佛教辞典》，陈兵编，中国世界语出版社，<a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/750520159X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 7-5052-0159-X</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" 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