CINXE.COM

Mezopotami — Wikipedya

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="ht" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Mezopotami — Wikipedya</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )htwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","janvye","fevriye","mas","avril","me","jen","jiyè","out","septanm","oktòb","novanm","desanm"],"wgRequestId":"8b70358c-9f71-4e23-bcea-fc3ed71a303c","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Mezopotami","wgTitle":"Mezopotami","wgCurRevisionId":857464,"wgRevisionId":857464,"wgArticleId":94227,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Kategori Commons avèk lyen lokal menm ak Wikidata","Paj ki itilize P486","Paj ki montre baz done ekstèn","Paj ki montre baz ki gen rapò ak sante","Paj ki itilize P5905","Paj ki montre baz ki gen rapò ak bann desine","Paj ki itilize P8406","Paj ki montre baz ki gen rapò ak boza","Paj ki itilize P6404","Paj ki itilize P4223","Paj ki itilize P1296","Paj ki itilize P6058","Paj ki itilize P3222","Paj ki itilize P4342","Paj ki itilize P3365","Paj ki itilize P3219", "Paj ki montre diksyonè oswa ansiklopedi jeneralis","Atik Wikipedya avèk dosye otorite","Mezopotami"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ht","wgPageContentLanguage":"ht","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Mezopotami","wgRelevantArticleId":94227,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ht","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ht"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":2000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false, "wgWikibaseItemId":"Q11767","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.1"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.relatedArticles.styles":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=[ "ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.relatedArticles.readMore.bootstrap","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ht&amp;modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.relatedArticles.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ht&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ht&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/N-Mesopotamia_and_Syria_english.svg/1200px-N-Mesopotamia_and_Syria_english.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="848"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/N-Mesopotamia_and_Syria_english.svg/800px-N-Mesopotamia_and_Syria_english.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="565"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/N-Mesopotamia_and_Syria_english.svg/640px-N-Mesopotamia_and_Syria_english.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="452"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Mezopotami — Wikipedya"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ht.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopotami"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Modifye" href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedya (ht)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ht.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopotami"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ht"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Fil Atom depi Wikipedya" href="/w/index.php?title=Espesyal:ChanjmanResan&amp;feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Mezopotami rootpage-Mezopotami skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Aller au contenu</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sit"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu principal</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">kache</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navige </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Paj_Prensipal" title="Vizite paj prensipal la [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Paj Prensipal</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedya:Paj_Kominote" title="Apwopo pwojè a, sa ou kapab fè, ki kote ou mèt jwenn kèk bagay"><span>Paj Kominote</span></a></li><li id="n-kafe" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedya:Kafe"><span>Kafe</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Espesyal:ChanjmanResan" title="Lis modifikasyon ki fèk fèt nan wiki a [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Chanjman resan</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Espesyal:Oaza" title="Chaje yon paj oaza [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Paj oaza</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%88d:%C3%88d" title="Kote a pou chèche konnen"><span>Èd</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Paj_Prensipal" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedya" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ht.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ht.svg" width="110" height="15" style="width: 6.875em; height: 0.9375em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Espesyal:Chache" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Chèche nan Wikipedya [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Rechèch</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Chèche nan Wikipedya" aria-label="Chèche nan Wikipedya" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Chèche nan Wikipedya [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Espesyal:Chache"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Chèche</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Zouti pèsonèl yo"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modifier l&#039;apparence de la taille, de la largeur et de la couleur de la police de la page" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Apparence" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Apparence</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ht.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ht" class=""><span>Fè yon don</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Espesyal:KreyeKont&amp;returnto=Mezopotami" title="N ap ankouraje w ouvè yon kont epi konekte; men sa pa obligatwa" class=""><span>Ouvri yon kont</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Espesyal:Koneksyon&amp;returnto=Mezopotami" title="Nou ankourage ou pou ou konèkte; men ou pa oblije. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Konekte</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Plis opsyon" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Zouti pèsonèl yo" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Zouti pèsonèl yo</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu utilisateur" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ht.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ht"><span>Fè yon don</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espesyal:KreyeKont&amp;returnto=Mezopotami" title="N ap ankouraje w ouvè yon kont epi konekte; men sa pa obligatwa"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Ouvri yon kont</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espesyal:Koneksyon&amp;returnto=Mezopotami" title="Nou ankourage ou pou ou konèkte; men ou pa oblije. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Konekte</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Paj yo pou editè ki dekonekte yo <a href="/wiki/%C3%88d:Introduction" aria-label="Aprann plis sou modifikasyon"><span>aprann plis</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Espesyal:KontribisyonM" title="Une liste des modifications effectuées depuis cette adresse IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribisyon</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Espesyal:DiskisyonM" title="La page de discussion pour les contributions depuis cette adresse IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskisyon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Efermer\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"ht\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"center\"\u003E\n\u003Cdiv style=\"box-shadow: 0 0 0.3rem #999;border-radius: 0.2rem;color: #457;padding: 0.5rem; margin-bottom: 0.5rem;\"\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease \u003Cb\u003Econtribute\u003C/b\u003E to the Haitian Creole Wikipedia!\nTanpri ann \u003Cb\u003Emet tèt ansanm\u003C/b\u003E pou Wikipedya Kreyòl Ayisyen mache douvan!\nS'il vous plaît... \u003Cb\u003Econtribuez\u003C/b\u003E à Wikipédia en créole haïtien\n¡Por favor \u003Cb\u003Econtribuya\u003C/b\u003E a la Wikipedia haitiana! \n\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E \n\u003Ctable border=\"0\"\u003E\n\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\n\u003Ctd align=\"center\" valign=\"top\"\u003E\n\u003Cdiv style=\"margin:10px 0; border:0; -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35); box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35); -moz-border-radius: 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; border-radius: 5px; background:white; width:100%; overflow:hidden; background: #006699; background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC 0%, #F5F5F5 100%); background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%,#FCFCFC), color-stop(100%,#F5F5F5)); background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC 0%,#F5F5F5 100%); background: -o-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC 0%,#F5F5F5 100%); background: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC 0%,#F5F5F5 100%); background: linear-gradient(top, #FCFCFC 0%,#F5F5F5 100%);position:relative\"\u003E\n\u003Cdiv style=\"float:left; margin-top:10px; margin-left:20px; opacity:0.5;\"\u003E\n\u003C/div\u003E \n\u003Cdiv style=\"margin-left:20px\"\u003E\n\u003Cfigure class=\"mw-halign-left\" typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Fichye:Wikipedia_logo_puzzle_globe_spins_horizontally_and_vertically,_revealing_the_contents_of_all_of_its_puzzle_pieces,_without_background.gif\" class=\"mw-file-description\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Wikipedia_logo_puzzle_globe_spins_horizontally_and_vertically%2C_revealing_the_contents_of_all_of_its_puzzle_pieces%2C_without_background.gif/90px-Wikipedia_logo_puzzle_globe_spins_horizontally_and_vertically%2C_revealing_the_contents_of_all_of_its_puzzle_pieces%2C_without_background.gif\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"90\" height=\"90\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Wikipedia_logo_puzzle_globe_spins_horizontally_and_vertically%2C_revealing_the_contents_of_all_of_its_puzzle_pieces%2C_without_background.gif/135px-Wikipedia_logo_puzzle_globe_spins_horizontally_and_vertically%2C_revealing_the_contents_of_all_of_its_puzzle_pieces%2C_without_background.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Wikipedia_logo_puzzle_globe_spins_horizontally_and_vertically%2C_revealing_the_contents_of_all_of_its_puzzle_pieces%2C_without_background.gif/180px-Wikipedia_logo_puzzle_globe_spins_horizontally_and_vertically%2C_revealing_the_contents_of_all_of_its_puzzle_pieces%2C_without_background.gif 2x\" data-file-width=\"500\" data-file-height=\"500\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003Cfigcaption\u003E\u003C/figcaption\u003E\u003C/figure\u003E \n\u003C/div\u003E \n\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: center; margin-top:-10px; color:#000; font-size:24px; font-family:Georgia, sans-serif; line-height:1em;\"\u003E\n\u003Cp style=\"margin-top: 20px;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedya:Konbit_Wiki_Kreyolo/2024\" title=\"Wikipedya:Konbit Wiki Kreyolo/2024\"\u003EKonbit Wiki Kreyolo 2024\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\u003Csmall\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedya:Konbit_Wiki_Kreyolo/2024\" title=\"Wikipedya:Konbit Wiki Kreyolo/2024\"\u003EAnn fè konbit pou ajoute ak amelyore kontni sou Wikipedya kreyòl ayisyen an sou tèm:“Plis konesans nan lang kreyòl ayisyen, plis aksè pou tout moun” soti premye oktòb pou rive 30 novanm\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/small\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003C/td\u003E\n\u003C/tr\u003E\n\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sit"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Kontni" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Kontni</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">kache</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Début</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Ki_sa_ki_Mezopotami?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ki_sa_ki_Mezopotami?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Ki sa ki Mezopotami?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ki_sa_ki_Mezopotami?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nòt_ak_referans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nòt_ak_referans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Nòt ak referans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nòt_ak_referans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gade_tou" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gade_tou"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Gade tou</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gade_tou-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kontni" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Deklannche tab dèmatyè la" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Deklannche tab dèmatyè la</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mezopotami</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ale nan yon atik nan yon lòt lang. Disponib nan 158 lang" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-158" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">158 lang</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%A9%D3%A1%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B6%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аҩӡыбжьара – abkhaze" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Аҩӡыбжьара" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhaze" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="article de qualité"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotami%C3%AB" title="Mesopotamië – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mesopotamië" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamien" title="Mesopotamien – alémanique" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Mesopotamien" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alémanique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%88%B5%E1%8C%B4%E1%8C%A6%E1%88%9D%E1%8B%AB" title="መስጴጦምያ – amharique" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="መስጴጦምያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – aragonais" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86" title="بلاد الرافدين – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بلاد الرافدين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%92%DC%9D%DC%AC_%DC%A2%DC%97%DC%AA%DC%9D%DC%A2" title="ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ – araméen" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="araméen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86" title="منطقة بين النهرين – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="منطقة بين النهرين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9A%27%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="মেচ&#039;পটেমিয়া – assamais" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মেচ&#039;পটেমিয়া" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamiya" title="Mesopotamiya – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mesopotamiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بین‌النهرین – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بین‌النهرین" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Месопотамия – bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Месопотамия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotam%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Mesopotamėjė – samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Mesopotamėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamya" title="Mesopotamya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Mesopotamya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Месапатамія – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Месапатамія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Мэсапатамія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мэсапатамія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Месопотамия – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Месопотамия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="মেসোপটেমিয়া – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মেসোপটেমিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopotamia" title="Mezopotamia – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Mezopotamia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopotamija" title="Mezopotamija – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mezopotamija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Месопотами – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Месопотами" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopot%C3%A0mia" title="Mesopotàmia – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mesopotàmia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%AB-s%C5%AB-p%C5%8F%CC%A4-d%C3%A2i-m%C4%AB" title="Mī-sū-pŏ̤-dâi-mī – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Mī-sū-pŏ̤-dâi-mī" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Месопотами – tchétchène" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Месопотами" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tchétchène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="article de qualité"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamya" title="Mesopotamya – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Mesopotamya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8E%D8%B2%DB%86%D9%BE%DB%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="مێزۆپۆتامیا – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مێزۆپۆتامیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopot%C3%A1mie" title="Mezopotámie – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mezopotámie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Месопотами – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Месопотами" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamien" title="Mesopotamien – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mesopotamien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamien" title="Mesopotamien – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mesopotamien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopotamya" title="Mezopotamya – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Mezopotamya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%89%DE%AC%DE%90%DE%AE%DE%95%DE%AE%DE%93%DE%AD%DE%89%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%A7" title="މެސޮޕޮޓޭމިއާ – maldivien" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="މެސޮޕޮޓޭމިއާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="maldivien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Μεσοποταμία – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μεσοποταμία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopotamio" title="Mezopotamio – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mezopotamio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotaamia" title="Mesopotaamia – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mesopotaamia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بین‌النهرین – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بین‌النهرین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9sopotamie" title="Mésopotamie – français" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mésopotamie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="français" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotaamien" title="Mesopotaamien – frison septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Mesopotaamien" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frison septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotaamje" title="Mesopotaamje – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Mesopotaamje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Mheaspat%C3%A1im" title="An Mheaspatáim – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Mheaspatáim" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E7%B4%A2%E4%B8%8D%E9%81%94%E7%B1%B3%E4%BA%9E" title="美索不達米亞 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="美索不達米亞" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9zopotami" title="Mézopotami – créole guyanais" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Mézopotami" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="créole guyanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – gaélique écossais" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélique écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="دو روبار میانی – gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="دو روبار میانی" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopot%C3%A1mia" title="Mesopotámia – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mesopotámia" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE" title="મેસોપોટેમીયા – goudjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મેસોપોટેમીયા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="goudjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – haoussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haoussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%98%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94" title="מסופוטמיה – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מסופוטמיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="मेसोपोटामिया – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मेसोपोटामिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – hindi fidjien" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi fidjien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopotamija" title="Mezopotamija – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mezopotamija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopotamiska" title="Mezopotamiska – haut-sorabe" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Mezopotamiska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="haut-sorabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopot%C3%A1mia" title="Mezopotámia – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mezopotámia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%BB%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A5%D5%BF%D6%84" title="Միջագետք – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Միջագետք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%BB%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A5%D5%BF%D6%84" title="Միջագետք – arménien occidental" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Միջագետք" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="arménien occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Месопотами – ingouche" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Месопотами" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingouche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopotamia" title="Mezopotamia – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mezopotamia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mes%C3%B3p%C3%B3tam%C3%ADa" title="Mesópótamía – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mesópótamía" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%82%BD%E3%83%9D%E3%82%BF%E3%83%9F%E3%82%A2" title="メソポタミア – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メソポタミア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotiemia" title="Mesopotiemia – créole jamaïcain" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Mesopotiemia" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="créole jamaïcain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="შუამდინარეთი – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შუამდინარეთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotami" title="Mesopotami – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Mesopotami" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A9%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD_(%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82)" title="Қосөзен (өркениет) – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қосөзен (өркениет)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE" title="ಮೆಸೊಪಟ್ಯಾಮಿಯಾ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮೆಸೊಪಟ್ಯಾಮಿಯಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EC%86%8C%ED%8F%AC%ED%83%80%EB%AF%B8%EC%95%84" title="메소포타미아 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="메소포타미아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Месопотамия – komi-permiak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Месопотамия" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi-permiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopotamya" title="Mezopotamya – kurde" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mezopotamya" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotami" title="Mesopotami – cornique" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Mesopotami" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Месопотамия – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Месопотамия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamien" title="Mesopotamien – luxembourgeois" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Mesopotamien" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxembourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotami%C3%AB" title="Mesopotamië – limbourgeois" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Mesopotamië" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limbourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopotami" title="Mezopotami – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Mezopotami" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bon article"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamija" title="Mesopotamija – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mesopotamija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sen%C4%81_Divupe" title="Senā Divupe – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Senā Divupe" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mes%C3%B4p%C3%B4tamia" title="Mesôpôtamia – malgache" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Mesôpôtamia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bon article"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Месопотамија – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Месопотамија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" title="മെസപ്പൊട്ടേമിയ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മെസപ്പൊട്ടേമിയ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Месопотами – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Месопотами" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="मेसोपोटेमिया – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मेसोपोटेमिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="မက်ဆိုပိုတေးမီးယား – birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မက်ဆိုပိုတေးမီးယား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86" title="میون‌رودون – mazandérani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="میون‌رودون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandérani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamien" title="Mesopotamien – bas-allemand" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Mesopotamien" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="bas-allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamie" title="Mesopotamie – bas-saxon néerlandais" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Mesopotamie" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="bas-saxon néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="मेसोपोटामिया – népalais" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मेसोपोटामिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="népalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="मेसोपोतामिया – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="मेसोपोतामिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotami%C3%AB" title="Mesopotamië – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mesopotamië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bon article"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9sopotanmie" title="Mésopotanmie – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Mésopotanmie" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਮੈਸੋਪੋਟਾਮੀਆ – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੈਸੋਪੋਟਾਮੀਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopotamia" title="Mezopotamia – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mezopotamia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%DB%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بین النہرین – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بین النہرین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بین النهرین – pachto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بین النهرین" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pachto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopot%C3%A2mia" title="Mesopotâmia – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mesopotâmia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Месопотамия – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Месопотамия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Мезопотамія – ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Мезопотамія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Месопотамия – iakoute" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Месопотамия" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iakoute" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%B3%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%B3%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱢᱮᱥᱳᱯᱳᱴᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱮᱥᱳᱯᱳᱴᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – sarde" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sarde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%BD%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="ميسوپوٽيميا – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ميسوپوٽيميا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopotamija" title="Mezopotamija – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mezopotamija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%99%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="මෙසොපොටේමියාව – cingalais" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මෙසොපොටේමියාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopot%C3%A1mia" title="Mezopotámia – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mezopotámia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopotamija" title="Mezopotamija – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mezopotamija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesobotaamiya" title="Mesobotaamiya – somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Mesobotaamiya" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Месопотамија – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Месопотамија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9sopotamia" title="Mésopotamia – soundanais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Mésopotamia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="soundanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamien" title="Mesopotamien – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mesopotamien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="மெசொப்பொத்தேமியா – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மெசொப்பொத்தேமியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%A4" title="మెసొపొటేమియా నాగరికత – télougou" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మెసొపొటేమియా నాగరికత" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="télougou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Байнаннаҳрайн – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Байнаннаҳрайн" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="เมโสโปเตเมีย – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เมโสโปเตเมีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotami%C3%BDa" title="Mesopotamiýa – turkmène" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Mesopotamiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamya" title="Mesopotamya – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mesopotamya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopotamya" title="Mezopotamya – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mezopotamya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Месопотамия – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Месопотамия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%96%D1%87%D1%87%D1%8F" title="Межиріччя – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Межиріччя" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%DB%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بین النہرین – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بین النہرین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamiya" title="Mesopotamiya – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mesopotamiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezopot%C3%A0mia" title="Mezopotàmia – vénitien" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Mezopotàmia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vénitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1ng_H%C3%A0" title="Lưỡng Hà – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lưỡng Hà" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopot%C3%A4n" title="Mesopotän – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Mesopotän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9ewum_%C3%B1aari_dex_yi" title="Réewum ñaari dex yi – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Réewum ñaari dex yi" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E7%B4%A2%E4%B8%8D%E8%BE%BE%E7%B1%B3%E4%BA%9A" title="美索不达米亚 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="美索不达米亚" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%AC%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="შქაწყარმალონა – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="შქაწყარმალონა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A2" title="מעסאפאטאמיע – yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מעסאפאטאמיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bon article"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E7%B4%A2%E4%B8%8D%E8%BE%BE%E7%B1%B3%E4%BA%9A" title="美索不达米亚 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="美索不达米亚" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E6%B2%B3%E4%B9%8B%E7%9B%82" title="兩河之盂 – chinois littéraire" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="兩河之盂" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="chinois littéraire" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Mesopotamia" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E6%B2%B3%E6%B5%81%E5%9F%9F%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E" title="兩河流域文明 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="兩河流域文明" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11767#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifye lyen entèlang yo" class="wbc-editpage">Modifye lyen yo</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espas non yo"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mezopotami" title="Wè paj kontni a [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Atik</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskite:Mezopotami&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskisyon apwopo kontni paj sa a (paj sa pa ekziste nan sistèm nan) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskisyon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Chanje variant lang" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Kreyòl ayisyen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Afichay yo"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mezopotami"><span>Li</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;veaction=edit" title="Edit paj sa a [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifye</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifye kòd</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;action=history" title="Vèsyon ki ansyen pou paj sa (ak tout kontribitè ki te travay sou li) [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Gade istorik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bwat zouti" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bwat zouti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Bwat zouti</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">kache</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mezopotami"><span>Li</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;veaction=edit" title="Edit paj sa a [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifye</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifye kòd</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;action=history"><span>Gade istorik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Jeneral </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Espesyal:SakLye/Mezopotami" title="Yon lis tout paj ki gen lyen vè paj sa a [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lyen yo pou paj sa a</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Espesyal:LyenChanjmanResan/Mezopotami" rel="nofollow" title="Lis modifikasyon ki fèk fèt pou paj yo ki genyen lyen nan paj sa a [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi paj ki gen rapò yo</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ht" title="Televèse fichye yo [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Televèse fichye yo</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Espesyal:PajEspesyal" title="Lis tout paj espesyal yo [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Paj espesyal yo</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;oldid=857464" title="Lyen pèmanan ki mennen nan revizyon sa a nan paj sila a"><span>Lyen pou tout tan</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Enfòmasyon sou paj la</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espesyal:Site&amp;page=Mezopotami&amp;id=857464&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Enfòmasyon sou kijan pou site paj sa a"><span>Site paj sa</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espesyal:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fht.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMezopotami"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espesyal:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fht.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMezopotami"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Enprime / ekspòte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espesyal:Liv&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Mezopotami"><span>Kreye yon liv</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Espesyal:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Mezopotami&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Telechaje kòm PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;printable=yes" title="Vèsyon ou kapab enprime pou paj sa [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Vèsyon pou enprime</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Nan lòt pwojè yo </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mesopotamia" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11767" title="Relye nan eleman nan depo done konekte [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Eleman Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">kache</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Depi Wikipedya, ansiklopedi lib</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ht" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichye:N-Mesopotamia_and_Syria_english.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/N-Mesopotamia_and_Syria_english.svg/220px-N-Mesopotamia_and_Syria_english.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/N-Mesopotamia_and_Syria_english.svg/330px-N-Mesopotamia_and_Syria_english.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/N-Mesopotamia_and_Syria_english.svg/440px-N-Mesopotamia_and_Syria_english.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3281" data-file-height="2318" /></a><figcaption> Kat jeyografik nan Mezopotami ak fwontyè yo nan eta modèn, Layout nan ansyen nan litoral la nan Gòlf Pèsik la ak sit sa yo nan gwo vil yo <a href="/wiki/Lantikite" title="Lantikite">ansyen</a> .</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Mezopotami</b> (ki soti nan <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A8k_ansyen" title="Grèk ansyen">grèk</a> Μεσοποταμία/, μέσος&#160;/ , "ant, nan mitan”, ak ποταμός&#160;/ , "rivyè", literalman peyi a "ant rivyè yo) se yon rejyon istorik nan Mwayen Oryan ki sitiye ant rivyè Tig ak <a href="/w/index.php?title=Efrat&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Efrat (paj sa pa ekziste nan sistèm nan)">Efrat</a>. Li koresponn pou pi plis ak aktyèl <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> ak <a href="/wiki/Siri" title="Siri">peyi Siri</a> . Li gen ladann de rejyon topografik diferan: </p> <ul><li>sou yon bò nan nò (nò <a href="/wiki/Siri" title="Siri">Siri</a> ak <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> jodi a, ak sidès <a href="/wiki/Tiki" title="Tiki">Latiki</a> ), yon rejyon nan <a href="/wiki/Platon_(jewografi)" title="Platon (jewografi)">plato</a>, yon zòn nan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agrikilti_plivyal&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Agrikilti plivyal (paj sa pa ekziste nan sistèm nan)">kilti lapli</a>;</li> <li>Sou lòt bò a nan sid (lès aktyèl Irak, lwès <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> ak nò <a href="/wiki/Kowet" title="Kowet">Kowet</a>), yon rejyon nan <a href="/wiki/Plenn" title="Plenn">plenn</a> kote <a href="/wiki/Agrikilti" title="Agrikilti">agrikilti</a> ki baze sèlman sou irigasyon pratike.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichye:Clay_Tablet_-_Louvre_-_AO29562_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Clay_Tablet_-_Louvre_-_AO29562_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Clay_Tablet_-_Louvre_-_AO29562_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Clay_Tablet_-_Louvre_-_AO29562_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Clay_Tablet_-_Louvre_-_AO29562_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Clay_Tablet_-_Louvre_-_AO29562_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Clay_Tablet_-_Louvre_-_AO29562_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2342" data-file-height="2076" /></a><figcaption> Kontablite tablèt soti nan fen IVsyèk la&#160;milenè&#160;av. J. -C. , yon pati nan pi ansyen dokiman ekri yo konnen yo. Mize Louvre .</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ki_sa_ki_Mezopotami?"><span id="Ki_sa_ki_Mezopotami.3F"></span>Ki sa ki Mezopotami?</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifye seksyon : Ki sa ki Mezopotami?" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifye</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Ki sa ki Mezopotami?"><span>modifye kòd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nosyon de "Mezopotami» te fòje ak defini deyò, nan Antikite klasik epi, nan tan kontanporen. Li pa nan tèks <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kineyif%C3%B2m&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kineyifòm (paj sa pa ekziste nan sistèm nan)">kineyifòm</a> mesopotamyen <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nòt_ak_referans"><span id="N.C3.B2t_ak_referans"></span>Nòt ak referans</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifye seksyon : Nòt ak referans" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifye</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Nòt ak referans"><span>modifye kòd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gade_tou">Gade tou</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifye seksyon : Gade tou" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifye</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Gade tou"><span>modifye kòd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r825419">.mw-parser-output .lot-pwoje>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .lot-pwoje>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .lot-pwoje>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .lot-pwoje>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .lot-pwoje{float:none}}</style><div style="lot-pwoje border-color: #aaa;background-color: #f9f9f9; display: table;clear: right;float: right;margin: 0.3em 0 1em 1em;width: 20em;position: relative;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;padding: 4px;text-align: left; noprint js-interprojets"> <p style="text-align: center;margin: 0.1em 0;">Sou lòt pwojè yo&#160;:</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichye:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/14px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/28px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mesopotamia?uselang=ht">Mezopotami</a>, sou <i>Wikimedia Commons</i></p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichye:Wiktionary-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/20px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/30px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://ht.wiktionary.org/wiki/M%C3%A9sopotamie" class="extiw" title="wikt:Mésopotamie">Mésopotamie</a>, <span class="nowrap">sou <span class="project">Wiktionnaire</span></span> </ul> </div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Resous ki gen rapò ak sante<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11767?uselang=ht#identifiers" title="Gade epi modifye done yo sou Wikidata"><img alt="Gade epi modifye done yo sou Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglè">(en)</abbr>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D064867"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Medical Subject Headings</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Resous ki gen rapò ak bann desine<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11767?uselang=ht#identifiers" title="Gade epi modifye done yo sou Wikidata"><img alt="Gade epi modifye done yo sou Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglè">(en)</abbr>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comicvine.gamespot.com/wd/4020-58015/"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Comic Vine</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Resous ki gen rapò ak boza<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11767?uselang=ht#identifiers" title="Gade epi modifye done yo sou Wikidata"><img alt="Gade epi modifye done yo sou Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglè">(en)</abbr>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T057228"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Grove Art Online</span></a></li> </ul></span> </li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers">Avi nan diksyonè oswa ansiklopedi jeneralis<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11767?uselang=ht#identifiers" title="Gade epi modifye done yo sou Wikidata"><img alt="Gade epi modifye done yo sou Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/mesopotamia_(Dizionario-di-Storia)/"><i>Dizionario di Storia</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/mesopotamia_res-3f1debd8-8bb1-11dc-8e9d-0016357eee51_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/"><i>Enciclopedia italiana</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0042156.xml"><i>Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/divers/M%C3%A9sopotamie/184335"><i>Larousse</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/mesopotamien"><i>Nationalencyklopedin</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/Mesopotamia"><i>Store norske leksikon</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/mesopotamia"><i>Treccani</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/mesopotamie-vue-d-ensemble/"><i>Universalis</i></a></li> </ul></div></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="/wiki/Otorite_(syans_enf%C3%B2masyon)" title="Otorite (syans enfòmasyon)">Dosye otorite</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11767?uselang=ht#identifiers" title="Gade epi modifye done yo sou Wikidata"><img alt="Gade epi modifye done yo sou Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/234579587">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh97001366">LCCN</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4038788-4">GND</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007554050805171">Israël</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/auth/153929">Suède</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/ge138159">Tchéquie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F/?func=direct&amp;local_base=lnc10&amp;doc_number=000123325">Lettonie</a></span></li> </ul></div></li></ul> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">H. Reculeau, «&#160;La Mésopotamie a-t-elle existé&#160;?&#160;», dans <a href="#LHIS">L'Histoire collections 2023</a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r854794">.mw-parser-output .history-size,.mw-parser-output .mw-whatlinkshere-tools{font-size:80%}.mw-parser-output #coordinates{margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output .mw-heading3,.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output :not(.mw-heading)>h3{border-bottom:dotted 1px #aaa}.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output .mw-heading4,.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output :not(.mw-heading)>h4,.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output .mw-heading5,.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output :not(.mw-heading)>h5,.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output .mw-heading6,.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output :not(.mw-heading)>h6{border-bottom:dotted 1px #ddd}.mw-parser-output #helpPage{display:none}@media print{.mw-parser-output #sous_titre_h1_moved{font-size:1em}}.mw-parser-output #sous_titre_h1_moved{display:block;font-size:0.7em;line-height:1.3em;margin:0.2em 0 0.1em 0.5em}.mw-parser-output .client-js #sous_titre_h1{visibility:hidden}.mw-parser-output .italique{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .italique i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output abbr.abbr{text-decoration:none;border-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output dfn{font-style:normal;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output i>dfn{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .nowrap,.mw-parser-output .ve-ce-focusableNode.nowrap{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .wikidata-linkback{padding-left:0.5em;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none}.mw-parser-output .rcoptions{clear:both;margin:0 0 2px 0;padding:0 0.5em;border:1px solid #ddddf7;border-left:10px solid #ddddf7;background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff)}.mw-parser-output .rcoptions hr{clear:both}.mw-parser-output fieldset.rcoptions{padding-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .noarticletext{background-color:var(--couleur-fond-boite-grise,#f9f9f9);margin-top:1em;padding:5px;border:1px solid #aaa;border-right:2px solid #aaa;border-bottom:2px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .mw-searchresults-has-iw .mw-search-createlink{float:none}.mw-parser-output .thumbinner{min-width:100px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output td a>img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output #file img{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Checker-16x16.png")}.mw-parser-output .ns-0 #mw-editbutton-signature{display:none}.mw-parser-output #wpTextbox1[readonly],.mw-parser-output #wpTextbox1[readonly]+.ui-resizable>.ace_editor{background-color:#eee}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output #wpTextbox1[readonly],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output #wpTextbox1[readonly]+.ui-resizable>.ace_editor{background-color:#000}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output #wpTextbox1[readonly],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output #wpTextbox1[readonly]+.ui-resizable>.ace_editor{background-color:#000}}.mw-parser-output .plainlinksneverexpand a.external.text::after,.mw-parser-output .plainlinksneverexpand a.external.autonumber::after{display:none!important}.mw-parser-output .plainlinksneverexpand a{background:none!important;padding:0!important}.mw-parser-output .printcssonly{display:none}.mw-parser-output .ve-init-target .user-draft-header{display:none}.mw-parser-output .fieldsetlike{text-align:center;border:1px solid #aaa;margin:1em 0;padding:0 0 0.4em 0}.mw-parser-output .fieldsetlike .legendlike{margin-top:-0.8em}.mw-parser-output .fieldsetlike .legendtextlike{padding:0 8px;background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff)}.mw-parser-output .fieldsetlike ul{list-style-type:none;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .fieldsetlike li{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .fieldsetlike li:not(:last-child)::after{content:"\a0 - ";white-space:normal}.mw-parser-output #talkpageheader li{color:#707070}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output #talkpageheader li{color:#8B8989}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output #talkpageheader li{color:#8B8989}}.mw-parser-output #mw-hidden-catlinks{font-size:0.85em}.mw-parser-output .homonymie{margin-top:0.5em;padding-left:2em;padding-bottom:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);font-style:italic;border-bottom:1px #aaa solid}.mw-parser-output .homonymie i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .homonymie+.homonymie{margin-top:calc(-0.5em - 1.25px)}.mw-parser-output li.wb-otherproject-wikimania{display:none}.mw-parser-output li.AdQ,.mw-parser-output li.LdQ,.mw-parser-output li.PdQ,.mw-parser-output li.badge-featuredarticle,.mw-parser-output li.badge-featuredlist,.mw-parser-output li.badge-featuredportal{list-style-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Article_de_qualit%C3%A9.svg/10px-Article_de_qualit%C3%A9.svg.png")}.mw-parser-output li.BA,.mw-parser-output li.badge-goodarticle,.mw-parser-output li.badge-goodlist,.mw-parser-output li.badge-recommendedarticle{list-style-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Bon_article.svg/10px-Bon_article.svg.png")}.mw-parser-output .indicateur-langue,.mw-parser-output .indicateur-format{font-family:monospace;font-weight:bold;font-size:small;font-style:normal;word-spacing:-0.4em}.mw-parser-output .colonnes>ol,.mw-parser-output .colonnes>ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .colonnes{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .lang-grc,.mw-parser-output .lang-el{font-family:"Arial Unicode MS","DejaVu Sans",Athena,Gentium,"Palatino Linotype","Lucida Sans Unicode","Lucida Grande",Code2000,sans-serif}.mw-parser-output .lang-th{font-family:"Segoe UI",Tahoma,sans-serif}.mw-parser-output .romain{text-transform:lowercase;font-variant:small-caps}.mw-parser-output .petites_capitales{font-variant:small-caps}.mw-parser-output .texhtml{font-family:"Nimbus Roman No9 L","Times New Roman",Times,serif;font-size:118%;line-height:1;white-space:nowrap;font-variant-numeric:lining-nums tabular-nums;font-kerning:none}.mw-parser-output .texhtml .texhtml{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output img.tex.center{width:auto;display:block;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output img.tex.left{display:block;margin-left:1.6em}.mw-parser-output .lienClair a{color:#a0a0a0}.mw-parser-output .lienClair a:hover{color:#a0a0a0;text-decoration:underline}.mw-parser-output .lienClair a:visited{color:#b9b9b9}.mw-parser-output a.stub{color:#339900}.mw-parser-output a.stub:visited{color:#336600}.mw-parser-output .references small{font-size:1em!important}.mw-parser-output .cite-bracket,.mw-parser-output .cite_crochet{display:none}.mw-parser-output span[rel="mw:referencedBy"]{counter-reset:mw-ref-linkback 0}.mw-parser-output span[rel="mw:referencedBy"]>a::before{content:counter(mw-ref-linkback,lower-alpha)}.mw-parser-output span[rel="mw:referencedBy"]>a::after{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output span[rel="mw:referencedBy"]>a:nth-last-child(2)::after{vertical-align:super;content:" et "}.mw-parser-output .reference,.mw-parser-output .exposant{vertical-align:text-top;position:relative;font-size:0.8em;top:-5px}.mw-parser-output .reference-text sup{vertical-align:text-top;position:relative;font-size:0.75em;top:-0.1em}.mw-parser-output .reference{padding-left:1px}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v2 .reference{top:-2px}.mw-parser-output small.cachelinks>a{color:#36b}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output small.cachelinks>a{color:#83a4dd}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .notheme small.cachelinks>a{color:#21307a}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output small.cachelinks>a{color:#83a4dd}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .notheme small.cachelinks>a{color:#21307a}}.mw-parser-output .references-small.decimal ol{list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .references-small.lower-alpha ol{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .references-small.lower-greek ol{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .references-small.lower-roman ol{list-style-type:lower-roman}.mw-parser-output .references-small ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .references-small{margin-top:0.3em}@media not print{.mw-parser-output .reference-cadre{height:30em;overflow:auto;padding:3px;border:1px solid #AAA;margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reference-cadre .references-small{margin-top:0}}.mw-parser-output .ouvrage:target{background-color:var(--background-color-progressive-subtle,#eaf3ff)}body.action-info .mw-parser-output tr:target{background-color:var(--background-color-progressive-subtle,#eaf3ff)}.mw-parser-output span.need_ref{border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output div.need_ref{border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output span.ref:hover{border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .mw-magiclink-isbn{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .cite_virgule{padding-left:0;padding-right:1px}.mw-parser-output div.boite-a-droite{display:table;clear:right;float:right;margin:0.3em 0 1em 1em;width:20em;position:relative;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:4px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .boite-sans-fond{border-color:#aaa}.mw-parser-output .boite-grise{border-color:#aaa;background-color:var(--couleur-fond-boite-grise,#f9f9f9)}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-article,.mw-parser-output .bandeau-discussion,.mw-parser-output .bandeau-simple,.mw-parser-output .bandeau-systeme,.mw-parser-output .bandeau-section{border-style:solid;overflow:hidden;position:relative}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-article{border-width:1px 1px 1px 10px;font-size:0.9em;line-height:1.25em;padding:0.5em 1em;margin:0.8em 10%}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-systeme{clear:both;border-width:2px;padding:0.5em 1em;margin:0.8em 3%}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-simple{clear:both;border-width:1px;padding:0.5em 1em;margin:0.8em auto}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-discussion{border-width:1px;border-radius:10px;padding:0.2em 0.5em;margin:0.8em 7%}@media(max-width:981px){.mw-parser-output .bandeau-discussion{margin:0.8em 4%}}.mw-parser-output div.bandeau-section{display:block;font-size:0.95em;border-width:1px 0;padding:0.2em 0.5em 0.3em 0;margin:0.3em 0 0.7em 2em}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-centrer{display:table;width:100%;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-cell>p:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-cell>p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-niveau-grave{border-color:#aa0044;background-color:#ffcccc}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-niveau-modere{border-color:#ff8822;background-color:#ffeedd}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-niveau-ebauche,.mw-parser-output .bandeau-niveau-information{border-color:#77ccff;background-color:#fbfbfb}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-simple.bandeau-niveau-information,.mw-parser-output .bandeau-discussion.bandeau-niveau-information{border-color:#a7d7f9;background-color:#f5faff}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-niveau-detail,.mw-parser-output .bandeau-section.bandeau-niveau-information{border-color:#e7e7e7;background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-niveau-neutre{border-color:#aaa;background:var(--couleur-fond-boite-grise,#f9f9f9)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .bandeau-niveau-grave{background-color:#421211}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .bandeau-niveau-modere{background-color:#301d00}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .bandeau-niveau-ebauche,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .bandeau-niveau-information,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .bandeau-simple.bandeau-niveau-information,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .bandeau-discussion.bandeau-niveau-information,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .bandeau-niveau-detail html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .bandeau-section.bandeau-niveau-information{background-color:#202122}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .bandeau-niveau-grave{background-color:#421211}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .bandeau-niveau-modere{background-color:#301d00}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .bandeau-niveau-ebauche,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .bandeau-niveau-information,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .bandeau-simple.bandeau-niveau-information,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .bandeau-discussion.bandeau-niveau-information,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .bandeau-niveau-detail html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .bandeau-section.bandeau-niveau-information{background-color:#202122}}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-icone{vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;width:45px;padding-right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output .bandeau-icone a>img,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output .bandeau-icone noscript>img{max-width:initial!important}.mw-parser-output .homonymie,.mw-parser-output .bandeau-section .bandeau-icone{width:auto;padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-titre{font-size:1.1em;line-height:1.4em}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-texte{font-size:0.9em;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .topbanner{position:relative;overflow:hidden;max-width:1800px;height:auto}.mw-parser-output .topbanner img{max-width:100%;height:auto}.mw-parser-output .topbanner-box{position:absolute;z-index:2;margin-top:1.5em;color:white;width:50%;min-width:20em;left:2%;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .topbanner .name{position:absolute;z-index:2;margin:0.6em 0 0 0.4em;padding:8px 7px;font-size:2.2em;background:rgb(16,16,16);background:rgba(0,0,0,0.5);border-radius:4px;color:white;white-space:nowrap;line-height:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .indentation,.mw-parser-output .loupe,.mw-parser-output .general,.mw-parser-output .accessibilite,.mw-parser-output .etoile-or,.mw-parser-output .etoile-argent,.mw-parser-output .categorie,.mw-parser-output .biblio,.mw-parser-output .recyclage,.mw-parser-output .archives,.mw-parser-output .sons,.mw-parser-output .videos,.mw-parser-output .incomplet,.mw-parser-output .sources,.mw-parser-output .important,.mw-parser-output .en-travaux,.mw-parser-output .information,.mw-parser-output .conflit-edition,.mw-parser-output .incubator,.mw-parser-output .extension,.mw-parser-output .wikispecies,.mw-parser-output .metawiki,.mw-parser-output .wikiversity,.mw-parser-output .wikipedia,.mw-parser-output .wikibooks,.mw-parser-output .wikinews,.mw-parser-output .wikiquote,.mw-parser-output .wikisource,.mw-parser-output .commons,.mw-parser-output .wikimedia,.mw-parser-output .wiktionary,.mw-parser-output .wikidata,.mw-parser-output .wikivoyage,.mw-parser-output .wwwmediawiki{background-repeat:no-repeat;line-height:1.5em;text-indent:23px;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .loupe{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/15px-Searchtool.svg.png");background-position:2px 3px}.mw-parser-output .general{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Nuvola_apps_download_manager2-70%25.svg/15px-Nuvola_apps_download_manager2-70%25.svg.png");background-position:2px 3px}.mw-parser-output .accessibilite{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Gnome-preferences-desktop-accessibility.svg/18px-Gnome-preferences-desktop-accessibility.svg.png");background-position:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .etoile-or{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Article_de_qualit%C3%A9.svg/19px-Article_de_qualit%C3%A9.svg.png");background-position:1px 1px}.mw-parser-output .etoile-argent{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Bon_article.svg/19px-Bon_article.svg.png");background-position:1px 1px}.mw-parser-output .categorie{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Nuvola_apps_kpager.svg/21px-Nuvola_apps_kpager.svg.png");background-position:0 0}.mw-parser-output .biblio{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg/20px-Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg.png");background-position:2px 2px}.mw-parser-output .recyclage{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Recycle002.svg/20px-Recycle002.svg.png");background-position:1px 1px}.mw-parser-output .archives{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Filing_cabinet_icon.svg/21px-Filing_cabinet_icon.svg.png");background-position:0 1px}.mw-parser-output .conflit-edition{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/OOjs_UI_indicator_alert-progressive.svg/12px-OOjs_UI_indicator_alert-progressive.svg.png");background-position:0 3px;text-indent:16px;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .sons{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Nuvola_apps_arts.png/18px-Nuvola_apps_arts.png");background-position:1px 1px}.mw-parser-output .videos{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/18px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png");background-position:1px 1px}.mw-parser-output .incomplet{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/16px-Fairytale_warning.png");background-position:2px 3px}.mw-parser-output .sources{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/20px-Question_book-4.svg.png");background-position:1px 4px}.mw-parser-output .important{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_alert-destructive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_alert-destructive.svg.png");background-position:0 1px}.mw-parser-output .en-travaux{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Under_construction_icon-yellow.svg/20px-Under_construction_icon-yellow.svg.png");background-position:1px 2px}.mw-parser-output .information{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/OOjs_UI_icon_information-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_information-progressive.svg.png");background-position:1px 1px}.mw-parser-output .incubator{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Incubator-logo.svg/15px-Incubator-logo.svg.png");background-position:1px 1px}.mw-parser-output .extension{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/MediaWiki-notext.svg/21px-MediaWiki-notext.svg.png");background-position:0 4px}.mw-parser-output .wikispecies{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/17px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png");background-position:1px 0}.mw-parser-output .wikisource{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/17px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-position:1px 1px}.mw-parser-output .wikipedia{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Wikipedia-logo.png/19px-Wikipedia-logo.png");background-position:1px 0}.mw-parser-output .wikibooks{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/19px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png");background-position:1px 1px}.mw-parser-output .metawiki{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg/18px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg.png");background-position:1px 1px}.mw-parser-output .wikiversity{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikiversity-logo.svg/20px-Wikiversity-logo.svg.png");background-position:0 2px}.mw-parser-output .wiktionary{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/20px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png");background-position:0 1px}.mw-parser-output .wikinews{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/20px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png");background-position:0 5px}.mw-parser-output .wikiquote{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/16px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png");background-position:2px 1px}.mw-parser-output .commons{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/14px-Commons-logo.svg.png");background-position:3px 0}.mw-parser-output .wikimedia{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/20px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png");background-position:0 0}.mw-parser-output .wikidata{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/22px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png");background-position:0 5px}.mw-parser-output .wikivoyage{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/20px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png");background-position:1px 1px}.mw-parser-output .wwwmediawiki{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/MediaWiki-notext.svg/20px-MediaWiki-notext.svg.png");background-position:1px 3px}.mw-parser-output .grosse-icone{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;padding-left:60px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:left center;text-indent:0;height:48px}.mw-parser-output .grosse-icone.etoile-or{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Article_de_qualit%C3%A9.svg/40px-Article_de_qualit%C3%A9.svg.png")}.mw-parser-output .grosse-icone.etoile-argent{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Bon_article.svg/40px-Bon_article.svg.png")}.mw-parser-output .grosse-icone.archives{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Filing_cabinet_icon.svg/48px-Filing_cabinet_icon.svg.png")}.mw-parser-output .grosse-icone.ancienne-version{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Clock_and_warning.svg/46px-Clock_and_warning.svg.png")}.mw-parser-output .grosse-icone.maintenance{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Black_tools_icon.svg/28px-Black_tools_icon.svg.png")}.mw-parser-output .grosse-icone.protection-admin{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Full-protection-shackle-frwiki.svg/32px-Full-protection-shackle-frwiki.svg.png")}.mw-parser-output .grosse-icone.semi-protection{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Semi-protection-shackle-frwiki.svg/32px-Semi-protection-shackle-frwiki.svg.png")}.mw-parser-output .grosse-icone.roue-dentee{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/OOjs_UI_icon_advanced.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_advanced.svg.png")}.mw-parser-output .grosse-icone.conflit-edition{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Passage_pieton_rouge.png/46px-Passage_pieton_rouge.png")}.mw-parser-output .grosse-icone.titre-protege{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/System-lock-screen.svg/46px-System-lock-screen.svg.png")}.mw-parser-output .grosse-icone.gros-warning{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/OOjs_UI_icon_alert-destructive.svg");background-size:46px}.mw-parser-output .grosse-icone.attention{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/OOjs_UI_icon_alert-warning.svg");background-size:46px}.mw-parser-output .grosse-icone.information{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/OOjs_UI_icon_notice-progressive.svg");background-size:46px}.mw-parser-output .grosse-icone.ebauche{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg");background-size:46px}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .grosse-icone.roue-dentee{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/OOjs_UI_icon_advanced-invert.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_advanced-invert.svg.png")}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .grosse-icone.roue-dentee{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/OOjs_UI_icon_advanced-invert.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_advanced-invert.svg.png")}}.mw-parser-output .alerte{padding:0.11em;background:#ffd;margin-bottom:0.4em;font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .grave{border:1px solid #f96}.mw-parser-output .messagebox{border:1px solid #aaa;background:#f9f9f9;width:80%;margin:0 auto 1em auto;padding:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.standard-talk{border:1px solid #c0c090;background:#f8eaba}.mw-parser-output .vectorbox{width:85%;background:#f5faff;border:1px solid #a7d7f9;border-radius:10px;margin:0 auto 1em auto}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .vectorbox{background:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .vectorbox{background:#202122}}.mw-parser-output .mw-lag-warn-normal{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-alerte{width:100%;clear:both;background-color:#faebd7;border:2px solid #ff8c00}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-alerte{background-color:#14110e}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-alerte{background-color:#14110e}}.mw-parser-output .mw-toolbox{font-size:90%;background-color:#f8f8f8;border:1px solid #b8b8b8;padding:0.25em 1em;clear:both}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-toolbox{background-color:#202122}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-toolbox{background-color:#202122}}.mw-parser-output div.NavFrame{padding:2px;border:1px #aaa;text-align:center;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output div.NavPic{padding:2px;float:left}.mw-parser-output div.NavFrame div.NavHead{font-weight:bold;background-color:#efefef;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div.NavFrame div.NavHead{background-color:#27292d}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table div.NavFrame a{color:#6d8af2}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table div.NavFrame a.new{color:#ff4242}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div.NavFrame div.NavHead{background-color:#27292d}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table div.NavFrame a{color:#6d8af2}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table div.NavFrame a.new{color:#ff4242}}.mw-parser-output div.NavEnd{height:0;clear:both}.mw-parser-output table.navbox{background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;font-size:89%;margin:1em 0 0;padding:2px;text-align:center;width:100%}.mw-parser-output table.navbox-subgroup{background:transparent;color:inherit;border:0;margin:-3px;padding:0;text-align:center;width:calc(100% + 6px)}.mw-parser-output th.navbox-title{background:#ccf;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output th.navbox-group{background:#ddf;vertical-align:middle;width:150px;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output th.navbox-group+td.navbox-list,.mw-parser-output table.navbox-subgroup td.navbox-list{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output td.navbox-even{background:#f0f0ff}.mw-parser-output table.navbox-subgroup td.navbox-even{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output td.navbox-banner{background-color:#ddf;vertical-align:middle;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output tr.navboxHidden{display:none}@media(max-width:981px){.mw-parser-output td.navbox-image{display:none}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output th.navbox-group,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output td.navbox-banner{background-color:#1b1c1e}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output td.navbox-even{background-color:#000}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output th.navbox-group,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output td.navbox-banner{background-color:#1b1c1e}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output td.navbox-even{background-color:#000}}.mw-parser-output div.navbox-container{border:1px solid #aaa;margin-top:1em}.mw-parser-output div.navbox-container table.navbox{border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navboxToggle,.mw-parser-output .NavToggle{font-size:90%;font-weight:normal;float:right!important;min-width:6em}.mw-parser-output .client-js .titre-section-deroulante{padding-left:18px}.mw-parser-output .client-js .mw-made-collapsible .titre-section-deroulante,.mw-parser-output .client-js .mw-made-collapsible .titre-section-deroulante.mw-collapsible-toggle-expanded{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/MediaWiki_Vector_skin_right_arrow.svg")-9999px -9999px no-repeat,url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/MediaWiki_Vector_skin_action_arrow.svg")left center no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .client-js .mw-made-collapsible .titre-section-deroulante.mw-collapsible-toggle-collapsed{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/MediaWiki_Vector_skin_right_arrow.svg")left center no-repeat,url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/MediaWiki_Vector_skin_action_arrow.svg")-9999px -9999px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output table.gauche,.mw-parser-output table.left{float:left;margin:0 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output table.droite,.mw-parser-output table.right{float:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output table.centre,.mw-parser-output table.center{margin:1em auto}.mw-parser-output table.wikitable[align=center]{margin:1em auto}.mw-parser-output table.nocellpadding>*>tr>td,.mw-parser-output table.nocellpadding>*>tr>th{padding:0}.mw-parser-output .alternance,.mw-parser-output .alternance2{border-collapse:collapse}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .alternance [style*="background"] a{color:#333!important;text-decoration:underline}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .alternance [style*="background"] a{color:#333;text-decoration:underline}}.mw-parser-output table.titre-en-couleur>*>tr>th{background-color:transparent;color:#202122}.mw-parser-output table.titre-en-couleur>*>tr>th a{color:#36c}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale ul,body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale ol,body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale li{display:inline;margin-left:0}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale ul,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale ol,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale li{display:inline;padding-left:0}@media(min-width:1120px){.mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale li{white-space:nowrap}}.mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale li:not(:last-child)::after{content:"\a0 · ";font-weight:bold;white-space:normal}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale li>ul,body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale li>ol{white-space:normal}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale li>ul,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale li>ol{white-space:normal;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale li>ul::before,.mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale li>ol::before{content:" ("}.mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale li>ul::after,.mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale li>ol::after{content:")"}.mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .liste-horizontale ol>li::before{content:counter(listitem)".\a0 "}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .liste-simple ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .liste-simple ul li{margin-bottom:0}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .liste-simple:not(.sans-indentation) ul ul{margin-left:1.6em}.mw-parser-output #bandeau-portail{border:solid #aaa 1px;background-color:#f9f9f9;text-align:center;margin-top:1em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output #bandeau-portail{background-color:#101418}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output #bandeau-portail{background-color:#101418}}.mw-parser-output #bandeau-portail,.mw-parser-output #liste-portail{padding:4px;margin-left:0;clear:both}.mw-parser-output #liste-portail li,.mw-parser-output #bandeau-portail li{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-portail-element{white-space:nowrap;margin:0 1.5em}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-portail-icone{margin-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .bandeau-portail-texte{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portail-gauche,.mw-parser-output .portail-droite{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .portail-gauche{float:left;padding-right:1.2rem}.mw-parser-output .portail-droite{float:right}@media(max-width:981px){.mw-parser-output .portail-gauche,.mw-parser-output .portail-droite{float:none;width:auto!important}.mw-parser-output .portail-gauche{padding-right:0}}.mw-parser-output .accueil-contenu{margin:0.4em -1%0.4em 0;display:flex;flex-flow:wrap;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .accueil-droite,.mw-parser-output .accueil-gauche{display:flex;flex-flow:wrap;align-content:flex-start;margin:0.4em 1%0.4em 0;border:1px solid #a7d7f9;border-radius:1em}.mw-parser-output .accueil-droite{background:#f5faff;color:#333;flex:21em;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .accueil-gauche{flex:2 35em;float:left;width:64%}.mw-parser-output .accueil-cadre{padding:1.2em}.mw-parser-output #interwiki-listecomplete{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output #accueil_2017_en-tete{background:linear-gradient(to bottom,#fff,#e8f2f8);border-bottom:solid 1px #a8d7fc}.mw-parser-output #accueil_2017_bandeau{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Wikipedia-logo-v2-o50.svg")no-repeat -110px -15px;background-size:300px 300px;padding:1.5rem 1rem 1rem;font-family:"Open Sans",Sans-serif}.mw-parser-output #accueil_2017_bloc-titre{display:inline-block;margin-left:14rem;margin-bottom:1rem;text-align:left;line-height:1.6;color:#457}.mw-parser-output #accueil_2017_bloc-titre .mw-heading2{margin:0;padding:0;border:none}.mw-parser-output #accueil_2017_bloc-titre h2{font-size:180%;font-weight:bold;font-family:"Open Sans",Sans-serif;color:#457}.mw-parser-output #accueil_2017_bloc-titre p{margin:0;padding:0;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output #accueil_2017_bloc-liens{text-align:center;font-size:90%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output #accueil_2017_lien-mobile{margin-bottom:1rem}.mw-parser-output #accueil_2017_contenu{margin-top:1rem}.mw-parser-output #accueil_2017_contenu .portail-gauche{width:60%}.mw-parser-output #accueil_2017_contenu .portail-droite{width:40%}.mw-parser-output #accueil_2017_contenu::after{clear:both;display:table;content:""}.mw-parser-output .accueil_2017_cadre{box-shadow:0 0 0.3rem #999;border-radius:0.2rem;padding:1.2rem;margin-bottom:1.6rem}.mw-parser-output #mw-content-text .accueil_2017_cadre .mw-heading2,.mw-parser-output #mw-content-text .accueil_2017_cadre>h2{border-bottom:solid 0.2rem #bdd8fb;margin:-0.4rem 0 0.5rem}.mw-parser-output #mw-content-text .accueil_2017_cadre h2{font-variant:small-caps;letter-spacing:0.01em}.mw-parser-output .accueil_2017_pied{margin-top:1.8em;font-size:85%;text-align:right}@media(min-width:982px){.mw-parser-output #accueil_2017_contenu{display:flex}.mw-parser-output #accueil_2017_contenu .portail-gauche,.mw-parser-output #accueil_2017_contenu .portail-droite{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .accueil_2017_cadre:nth-child(1){flex-grow:1}.mw-parser-output .accueil_2017_cadre:nth-child(2){flex-grow:2}.mw-parser-output .accueil_2017_cadre:nth-child(3){flex-grow:3}}.mw-parser-output .globegris{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Wikipedia-logo-v2-200px-transparent.png");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:-40px -15px}.mw-parser-output .headergris{background:#f0f0f0 url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Wikibar2.png")no-repeat right;margin:0;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3b0bf;text-align:left;color:var(--color-emphasized,#000);padding:0.15em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .cadregris{border:1px solid #aaa;background:#fcfcfc;color:#333;vertical-align:top;padding:7px;margin-bottom:0.6em}.mw-parser-output .accueil_cadre_lien{text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em;font-size:xx-small}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v2{background-color:var(--couleur-fond-boite-grise,#f9f9f9);color:var(--color-emphasized,#000);font-size:90%;line-height:1.2em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 0.5em 1em;width:294px;border:1px solid #aaa;border-spacing:5px}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v2 th{vertical-align:super;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v2 .entete{height:43px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;font-size:140%;font-weight:bolder;line-height:1.1em;color:var(--color-emphasized,#000)}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v2 .media{height:35px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;font-weight:bolder;color:var(--color-emphasized,#000)}.mw-parser-output .infodoc{color:#555}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infodoc{color:#ababab}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infodoc{color:#ababab}}.mw-parser-output .entete{background-position:right center;background-repeat:no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .media.audio{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Gnome-speakernotes.png/35px-Gnome-speakernotes.png")no-repeat left top}.mw-parser-output .media.video{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Tango-video-x-generic.png/35px-Tango-video-x-generic.png")no-repeat left top}.mw-parser-output .img_toggle ul{list-style:none;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output div.infobox_v3{padding:5px;width:25em;background-color:var(--couleur-fond-boite-grise,#f9f9f9);border:1px solid #aaa;clear:right;float:right;font-size:0.9em;line-height:1.4;margin:0 0 0.5em 1em;max-width:325px;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .entete{display:table;height:45px;width:100%;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:1.4em;line-height:1.1;margin-bottom:10px;background-color:#dfedff;color:#333}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .entete>div{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;padding:3px}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3:not(.large) .entete.icon>div{padding:3px 48px}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .images{text-align:center;display:flex;justify-content:space-around;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .images a{max-width:100%;flex:0 0 auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .deux-images a{max-width:48%}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .images img{max-width:100%;height:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .legend{font-size:0.9em;text-align:center;margin:5px 0 8px 0}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 table{width:100%;margin:5px 0;table-layout:fixed;border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 th[scope="col"]{text-align:center;word-wrap:normal}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 th[scope=row]{text-align:left;padding-right:10px;width:8em;max-width:140px;word-wrap:normal}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 th[scope=row],.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 td{padding-top:4px;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 th[scope=row].middle{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3.bordered th[scope=row],.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3.bordered td{padding-bottom:4px;border-top:1px solid #dfedff}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3.bordered caption.bordered{margin:0 0 -1px 0}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 tr.left td{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 tr.vborder td:not(:first-child){border-left:1px dotted #aaa;padding-left:3px}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 tr.vborder td:not(:last-child){padding-right:3px}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 td.data{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 tr:first-child ul:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 p.bloc,.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 caption{font-weight:bold;text-align:center;line-height:1.1;margin:0 0 5px 0;padding:4px;background:#dfedff;color:#333}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 p.bloc{margin:5px 0}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 caption.bordered,.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 p.bordered{border-top:1px solid #dfedff;border-bottom:1px solid #dfedff;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .bordered.navbar,.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .bordered.infobox-navigateur{padding-top:4px;border-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 caption.hidden{margin:0!important;padding:0!important}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .hr{font-size:1px;line-height:1px;margin:5px 0;background-color:#dfedff}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .hr.collapse{margin:5px 0 -8px 0}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .navbar{text-align:right;font-size:0.8em;line-height:1.1;margin:8px 0 0}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .navbar .plainlinks{float:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .overflow{overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .prev a,.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .prev_bloc{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/ArrowLeftNavbox.svg/12px-ArrowLeftNavbox.svg.png")no-repeat left center;float:left;max-width:40%;padding:0 0 0 18px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .next a,.mw-parser-output .infobox_v3 .next_bloc{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/ArrowRightNavbox.svg/12px-ArrowRightNavbox.svg.png")no-repeat right center;float:right;max-width:40%;padding:0 18px 0 0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .degrade{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Gradient_43px.png");background-position:top;background-size:100%100%;background-repeat:repeat-x}.mw-parser-output .degrade_rev{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Gradient_reversed_43px.png");background-position:top;background-repeat:repeat-x}.mw-parser-output .hidden{position:absolute;left:0;top:-5000px;width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output caption.hidden{position:static;text-indent:-5000px}.mw-parser-output .img_toggle div,.mw-parser-output .img_toggle table,.mw-parser-output .img_toggle ul{margin:0 auto!important}.mw-parser-output .img_toggle .geobox{position:relative}.mw-parser-output .img_toggle .geopoint{position:absolute;width:5px;height:5px;font-size:1px;border:1px solid #000;background:#f00}.mw-parser-output ul.gallery{margin:2px auto;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .gallerytext{text-align:left;font-size:89%}.mw-parser-output .mw-gallery-slideshow-caption .gallerytext{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .image-border img{border:1px solid #c8ccd1}.mw-parser-output .toc_niveau_1 ul ul,.mw-parser-output .toc_niveau_2 ul ul ul,.mw-parser-output .toc_niveau_3 ul ul ul ul,.mw-parser-output .toc_niveau_4 ul ul ul ul ul,.mw-parser-output .toc_niveau_5 ul ul ul ul ul ul{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-textarea-protected{border:2px solid #ff0000;color:navy}.mw-parser-output .ve-ui-mwSaveDialog .oo-ui-window-frame #avertissement-filtre{background:none;border:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ve-ui-mwSaveDialog .oo-ui-window-frame .grosse-icone{background:none;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ve-ui-mwSaveDialog .oo-ui-window-frame .bandeau-icone{display:none}.mw-parser-output .aa-bloc-tete{display:table;width:100%;margin-bottom:1em}.mw-parser-output .aa-bloc-gauche,.mw-parser-output .aa-bloc-droite{display:table;vertical-align:middle;margin-bottom:1em}.mw-parser-output .aa-bloc-tete .aa-bloc-gauche,.mw-parser-output .aa-bloc-tete .aa-bloc-droite{display:table-cell;margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .ve-ui-mwNoticesPopupTool-item .aa-bloc-gauche,.mw-parser-output .ve-ui-mwNoticesPopupTool-item .aa-bloc-droite,.mw-parser-output .ve-ui-mwNoticesPopupTool-item .aa-bloc-tete .aa-bloc-gauche,.mw-parser-output .ve-ui-mwNoticesPopupTool-item .aa-bloc-tete .aa-bloc-droite{display:block;float:none}.mw-parser-output .ve-ui-mwNoticesPopupTool-item .aa-bloc-gauche .boutons-action,.mw-parser-output .ve-ui-mwNoticesPopupTool-item .aa-bloc-droite.aa-rechercher-autres-wikis{display:none}.mw-parser-output .aa-bloc-droite{width:30%}.mw-parser-output .aa-bloc-dessous{padding:5px 10px}.mw-parser-output .aa-bloc-tete h2{margin-top:4pt}.mw-parser-output .aa-fond-gris{background-color:#f6f6f6;padding:10px}.mw-parser-output .aa-filet-gris{border:1px solid #ccc;border-left-width:6px}.mw-parser-output .aa-filet-bleu{border:0 solid #3366cc;border-left-width:6px}.mw-parser-output .aa-filet-orange{border:0 solid #f16633;border-left-width:6px}.mw-parser-output .aa-filet-rouge{border:0 solid #d33;border-left-width:6px}.mw-parser-output .aa-fond-blanc{background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:10px}.mw-parser-output .aa-fond-avertissement{display:block;border-bottom:1px solid #c00;background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:10px}.mw-parser-output .aa-titre-bleu{color:var(--color-progressive,#36c);border:none}.mw-parser-output .aa-titre-rouge{color:#c00;border:none}.mw-parser-output .aa-titre-vert{color:#008769;border:none}.mw-parser-output .aa-incipit{font-family:sans-serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.5em;line-height:1.3}.mw-parser-output .aa-intertitre{font-family:sans-serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.17em}.mw-parser-output .aa-faux-h2{font-weight:normal;font-size:1.5em;line-height:1.3}.mw-parser-output .aa-faux-h3{font-weight:normal;font-size:1.17em}.mw-parser-output .aa-en-tete-aide-largeur{max-width:1000px}.mw-parser-output .aa-en-tete-aide-droite{width:140px;float:right;background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:6px;margin-left:20px;font-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .aa-en-tete-aide-ariane{font-size:0.9em;display:block;margin:0 0 5px 10px;padding:5px 5px 5px 0}.mw-parser-output .aa-en-tete-aide-chapo{margin:10px;margin-right:166px}.mw-parser-output .aa-en-tete-aide-petit{font-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .aa-couleur-aide{color:#ff5d00}.mw-parser-output .aa-couleur-niveau-avance{padding:3px;color:var(--color-inverted-fixed,#fff);background:#347bff}.mw-parser-output .aa-couleur-niveau-expert{padding:3px;color:var(--color-inverted-fixed,#fff);background:#d11813}.mw-parser-output .aa-couleur-niveau-debutant{padding:3px;color:var(--color-inverted-fixed,#fff);background:#00af89}.mw-parser-output .aa-en-tete-aide-statut{background:none repeat scroll 0 0 #ffe7db;padding:3px}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .aa-fond-gris{background-color:#202122}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .aa-titre-rouge{color:#ff4242}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .aa-titre-vert{color:#00af89}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .aa-couleur-niveau-avance{background-color:#395079}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .aa-couleur-niveau-expert{background-color:#d11813}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .aa-couleur-niveau-debutant{background-color:#007A60}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .aa-en-tete-aide-statut{background-color:#A40CA7}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .aa-fond-gris{background-color:#202122}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .aa-titre-rouge{color:#ff4242}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .aa-titre-vert{color:#00af89}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .aa-couleur-niveau-avance{background-color:#395079}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .aa-couleur-niveau-expert{background-color:#d11813}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .aa-couleur-niveau-debutant{background-color:#007A60}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .aa-en-tete-aide-statut{background-color:#A40CA7}}.mw-parser-output ol.references{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"«\a0 ""\a0 »";font:inherit}.mw-parser-output .toccolours,.mw-parser-output .cadre-gris-clair{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px;font-size:95%}</style> <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&#160;15-21.</span> </li> </ol> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.main‐5f5f97c4f5‐876zw Cached time: 20241121173525 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.799 seconds Real time usage: 0.893 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 455/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 19419/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 237/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 48330/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.370/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5730141/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 5/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 870.415 1 -total 54.39% 473.461 1 Modèl:Liens 39.68% 345.386 1 Modèl:Référence_Harvard_sans_parenthèses 39.38% 342.785 1 Modèl:P. 39.21% 341.264 1 Modèl:Abréviation_discrète 4.88% 42.501 1 Modèl:Site_officiel 4.18% 36.381 1 Modèl:Lòt_pwojè 1.71% 14.913 1 Modèl:Dictionnaires 1.11% 9.631 1 Modèl:Autorité 0.24% 2.124 3 Modèl:Premier_non_vide --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key htwiki:pcache:idhash:94227-0!canonical and timestamp 20241121173525 and revision id 857464. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&amp;useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Rekipere depi «&#160;<a dir="ltr" href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;oldid=857464">https://ht.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;oldid=857464</a>&#160;»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Espesyal:Kategori" title="Espesyal:Kategori">Kategori</a> : <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Mezopotami&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Mezopotami (paj sa pa ekziste nan sistèm nan)">Mezopotami</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori kache yo : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kategori_Commons_av%C3%A8k_lyen_lokal_menm_ak_Wikidata" title="Kategori:Kategori Commons avèk lyen lokal menm ak Wikidata">Kategori Commons avèk lyen lokal menm ak Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Paj_ki_itilize_P486" title="Kategori:Paj ki itilize P486">Paj ki itilize P486</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Paj_ki_montre_baz_done_ekst%C3%A8n" title="Kategori:Paj ki montre baz done ekstèn">Paj ki montre baz done ekstèn</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Paj_ki_montre_baz_ki_gen_rap%C3%B2_ak_sante" title="Kategori:Paj ki montre baz ki gen rapò ak sante">Paj ki montre baz ki gen rapò ak sante</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Paj_ki_itilize_P5905" title="Kategori:Paj ki itilize P5905">Paj ki itilize P5905</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Paj_ki_montre_baz_ki_gen_rap%C3%B2_ak_bann_desine" title="Kategori:Paj ki montre baz ki gen rapò ak bann desine">Paj ki montre baz ki gen rapò ak bann desine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Paj_ki_itilize_P8406" title="Kategori:Paj ki itilize P8406">Paj ki itilize P8406</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Paj_ki_montre_baz_ki_gen_rap%C3%B2_ak_boza" title="Kategori:Paj ki montre baz ki gen rapò ak boza">Paj ki montre baz ki gen rapò ak boza</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Paj_ki_itilize_P6404" title="Kategori:Paj ki itilize P6404">Paj ki itilize P6404</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Paj_ki_itilize_P4223" title="Kategori:Paj ki itilize P4223">Paj ki itilize P4223</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Paj_ki_itilize_P1296" title="Kategori:Paj ki itilize P1296">Paj ki itilize P1296</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Paj_ki_itilize_P6058" title="Kategori:Paj ki itilize P6058">Paj ki itilize P6058</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Paj_ki_itilize_P3222" title="Kategori:Paj ki itilize P3222">Paj ki itilize P3222</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Paj_ki_itilize_P4342" title="Kategori:Paj ki itilize P4342">Paj ki itilize P4342</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Paj_ki_itilize_P3365" title="Kategori:Paj ki itilize P3365">Paj ki itilize P3365</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Paj_ki_itilize_P3219" title="Kategori:Paj ki itilize P3219">Paj ki itilize P3219</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Paj_ki_montre_diksyon%C3%A8_oswa_ansiklopedi_jeneralis" title="Kategori:Paj ki montre diksyonè oswa ansiklopedi jeneralis">Paj ki montre diksyonè oswa ansiklopedi jeneralis</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Atik_Wikipedya_av%C3%A8k_dosye_otorite" title="Kategori:Atik Wikipedya avèk dosye otorite">Atik Wikipedya avèk dosye otorite</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Paj sa te modifye pou dènye fwa 19 novanm 2024, 00:40.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teks sa a disponib selon lisans <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike</a>; lòt kondisyon gen dwa aplikab. Li <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Kondisyon itilizasyon</a> pou plis detay.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/fr">Politik konfidansyalite</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedya:Apwopo">Apwopo Wikipedya</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedya:Av%C3%A8tisman_jeneral">Avètisman yo</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code de conduite</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Reyalizatè</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ht.wikipedia.org">Estatistik</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Deklarasyon sou temwen (cookies) yo</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ht.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mezopotami&amp;mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Vèsyon mobil</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-9689t","wgBackendResponseTime":147,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.799","walltime":"0.893","ppvisitednodes":{"value":455,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":19419,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":237,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":11,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":3,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":48330,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":5,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 870.415 1 -total"," 54.39% 473.461 1 Modèl:Liens"," 39.68% 345.386 1 Modèl:Référence_Harvard_sans_parenthèses"," 39.38% 342.785 1 Modèl:P."," 39.21% 341.264 1 Modèl:Abréviation_discrète"," 4.88% 42.501 1 Modèl:Site_officiel"," 4.18% 36.381 1 Modèl:Lòt_pwojè"," 1.71% 14.913 1 Modèl:Dictionnaires"," 1.11% 9.631 1 Modèl:Autorité"," 0.24% 2.124 3 Modèl:Premier_non_vide"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.370","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":5730141,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-5f5f97c4f5-876zw","timestamp":"20241121173525","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Mezopotami","url":"https:\/\/ht.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mezopotami","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q11767","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q11767","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributeurs aux projets Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondation Wikimedia, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2024-11-19T00:40:45Z","dateModified":"2024-11-19T00:40:45Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/ed\/N-Mesopotamia_and_Syria_english.svg"}</script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10