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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-生平事跡" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生平事跡"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>生平事跡</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-生平事跡-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关生平事跡子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-生平事跡-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-由儒入佛" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#由儒入佛"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>由儒入佛</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-由儒入佛-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-輾轉修行" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#輾轉修行"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>輾轉修行</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-輾轉修行-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-住持東林寺" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#住持東林寺"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>住持東林寺</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-住持東林寺-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-組識譯經" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#組識譯經"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>組識譯經</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-組識譯經-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-主要著作" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#主要著作"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>主要著作</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-主要著作-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-知名弟子" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#知名弟子"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>知名弟子</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-知名弟子-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-淨宗初祖" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#淨宗初祖"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>淨宗初祖</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-淨宗初祖-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注释" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注释"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>注释</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注释-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考資料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考資料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>參考資料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考資料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">慧遠</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。28种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_(%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B0%D9%8A)" title="هويوان (بوذي) – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هويوان (بوذي)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="هويوان – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هويوان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%8E%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Хуэйюань – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Хуэйюань" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huiyuan" title="Huiyuan – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Huiyuan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuej-j%C3%BCan" title="Chuej-jüan – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chuej-jüan" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huiyuan_(Buddhist)" title="Huiyuan (Buddhist) – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Huiyuan (Buddhist)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lushan_Huiyuan" title="Lushan Huiyuan – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Lushan Huiyuan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huiyuan" title="Huiyuan – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Huiyuan" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huiyuan" title="Huiyuan – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Huiyuan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huiyuan" title="Huiyuan – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Huiyuan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0" title="慧遠 – 赣语" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="慧遠" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="赣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huiyuan" title="Huiyuan – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Huiyuan" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huiyuan_(budist)" title="Huiyuan (budist) – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Huiyuan (budist)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huj-j%C3%BCan" title="Huj-jüan – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Huj-jüan" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huiyuan_(Buddhisme)" title="Huiyuan (Buddhisme) – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Huiyuan (Buddhisme)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hu%C3%ACyuan" title="Huìyuan – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Huìyuan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0_(%E6%9D%B1%E6%99%8B)" title="慧遠 (東晋) – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="慧遠 (東晋)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%98%9C%EC%9B%90_(%EB%8F%99%EC%A7%84)" title="혜원 (동진) – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="혜원 (동진)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huiyuan" title="Huiyuan – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Huiyuan" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huiyuan" title="Huiyuan – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Huiyuan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%8E%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Хуэйюань – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хуэйюань" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huiyuan_(budist)" title="Huiyuan (budist) – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Huiyuan (budist)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huejuen" title="Huejuen – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Huejuen" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huiyuan" title="Huiyuan – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Huiyuan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lushan_Huiyuan" title="Lushan Huiyuan – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lushan Huiyuan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%8E%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Хуейюань – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хуейюань" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hu%E1%BB%87_Vi%E1%BB%85n" title="Huệ Viễn – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Huệ Viễn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" 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<div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>此条目页的主題是東晉時代的高僧慧遠。关于<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%91%A8" title="北周">北周</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="隋朝">隋代</a>地論宗代表人物，請見「<b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%BD%B1%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="淨影慧遠">淨影慧遠</a></b>」。</div> <table cellpadding="2" style="float: right; clear: right; border: 2px solid #af4630; background: DEFFAD; padding: 4px; font-size: 80%; margin: 5px 0 5px 15px;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: #ffeec2; text-align: center;"><br /><span style="font-size:medium;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97" title="淨土宗">净土宗</a>十五祖</b></span> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #CCCCFF;text-align:center">初祖 </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="text-align: center;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">慧遠</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #CCCCFF;text-align:center">二祖 </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%87%E9%B8%9E" title="曇鸞">曇鸞</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #CCCCFF;text-align:center">三祖 </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E7%BB%B0" title="道绰">道绰</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #CCCCFF;text-align:center">四祖 </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%84%E5%AF%BC" title="善导">善導</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #CCCCFF;text-align:center">五祖 </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%BF%E8%BF%9C" title="承远">承遠</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #CCCCFF;text-align:center">六祖 </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E7%85%A7" title="法照">法照</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #CCCCFF;text-align:center">七祖 </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E5%B0%91%E5%BA%B7" title="释少康">少康</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #CCCCFF;text-align:center">八祖 </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E6%98%8E%E5%BB%B6%E5%A3%BD" title="永明延壽">延壽</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #CCCCFF;text-align:center">九祖 </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E7%9C%81%E5%B8%B8" title="释省常">省常</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #CCCCFF;text-align:center">十祖 </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AE%E6%B1%A0%E7%A5%A9%E5%AE%8F" title="蓮池祩宏">袾宏</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #CCCCFF;text-align:center">十一祖 </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%95%85%E7%9B%8A%E6%99%BA%E6%97%AD" title="蕅益智旭">智旭</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #CCCCFF;text-align:center">十二祖 </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E7%AD%96" title="行策">行策</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #CCCCFF;text-align:center">十三祖 </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A6%E8%B3%A2" title="實賢">實賢</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #CCCCFF;text-align:center">十四祖 </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%86%92" title="釋際醒">際醒</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: #CCCCFF;text-align:center">十五祖 </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E5%8D%B0%E5%85%89" title="释印光">印光</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hui_Yuan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Hui_Yuan.jpg/220px-Hui_Yuan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Hui_Yuan.jpg/330px-Hui_Yuan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Hui_Yuan.jpg/440px-Hui_Yuan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1057" data-file-height="1222" /></a><figcaption><b>慧遠</b>像，源自1921年出版的《晩笑堂竹荘畫傳》。</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li::after{content:" | 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist nounderlines skin-invert" style="float: right; clear: both; border: 2px solid #af4630; background: #ffffe8; text-align:center;width:200px;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dharma_Wheel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/120px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/180px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/240px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;">基本教義</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E8%B0%9B" title="四谛">四圣谛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E8%81%96%E9%81%93%E5%88%86" title="八聖道分">八正道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%9B%A0%E7%BC%98" title="十二因缘">十二因缘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%8A" title="蘊">五蘊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%A3%E8%B5%B7" title="緣起">緣起</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="空 (佛教)">空性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%A0%E6%9E%9C%E8%AE%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="因果论 (佛教)">因果</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%AD_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="業 (佛教)">業</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%88%92%E5%BE%8B" title="佛教戒律">戒律</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%97%E5%A5%88%E8%80%B6" title="毗奈耶">毗奈耶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%B8%E7%BE%85" title="尸羅">尸羅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%88%92" title="五戒">五戒</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AA%E9%82%A3" title="禪那">禪那</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9A%E5%A4%84" title="业处">业处</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AE%E5%9B%9E" title="轮回">轮回</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E5%AF%86" title="波羅密">波羅密</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E6%A7%83" title="涅槃">涅槃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%A6%82_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="真如 (佛教)">真如</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%80%A7" title="佛性">佛性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%88%E4%BE%9D" title="皈依">皈依</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="三宝 (佛教)">三寶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B3%95%E5%8D%B0" title="三法印">三法印</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%85%B1%E8%AF%86" title="上座部佛教与大乘佛教的基本共识">佛教共識宣言</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E4%BD%8D" title="果位">修行成就/果位</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B" title="佛">佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8" title="菩萨">菩萨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9F%E6%94%AF%E4%BD%9B" title="辟支佛">辟支佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%90%91%E5%9B%9B%E6%9E%9C" title="四向四果">四向四果</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%BD%97%E6%B1%89" title="阿罗汉">阿罗汉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%82%A3%E5%90%AB" title="阿那含">阿那含</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E9%99%80%E5%90%AB" title="斯陀含">斯陀含</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%88%E9%99%80%E6%B4%B9" title="須陀洹">須陀洹</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教人物列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List_of_Buddhists"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教人物列表（页面不存在）">人物</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Buddhists" class="extiw" title="en:List of Buddhists"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List_of_Buddhists</span></a></span>）</span></span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E8%BF%A6%E7%89%9F%E5%B0%BC" title="释迦牟尼">释迦牟尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%A4%A7%E5%BC%9F%E5%AD%90" title="十大弟子">十大弟子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E5%A4%9A%E8%A1%8D%E5%B0%BC%E5%AD%90" title="迦多衍尼子">迦多衍尼子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E9%B3%B4" title="馬鳴">馬鳴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E6%A8%B9" title="龍樹">龍樹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E5%A9%86_(%E4%BA%BA%E5%90%8D)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="提婆 (人名)">提婆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E8%91%97" title="无著">无著</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E4%BA%B2" title="世亲">世亲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%BA%E9%9F%B3" title="覺音">覺音</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%A0%E6%91%A9%E7%BD%97%E4%BB%80" title="鸠摩罗什">鸠摩罗什</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">慧遠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E8%BE%BE%E6%91%A9" title="菩提达摩">菩提达摩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E9%A1%97" title="智顗">智顗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%84%E5%A5%98" title="玄奘">玄奘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E8%83%BD" title="惠能">惠能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AE%E8%8A%B1%E7%94%9F" title="蓮花生">蓮花生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E5%96%80%E5%B7%B4" title="宗喀巴">宗喀巴</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%B4%BE%E5%88%AB" title="佛教派别">宗派</a>、國家和地區</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E6%B4%BE%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="部派佛教">部派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="大乘佛教">大乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="密宗">金剛乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="上座部佛教">上座部</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%B9%98" title="三乘">三乘</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="大乘佛教">大乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9F%E6%94%AF%E4%BD%9B" title="辟支佛">中乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="小乘佛教">小乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%BD%9B%E4%B9%98" title="一佛乘">一佛乘</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E4%BC%A0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="汉传佛教">漢傳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="藏傳佛教">藏傳</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="藏傳佛教史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of Tibetan Buddhism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%97%8F%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="藏傳佛教史（页面不存在）">藏傳佛教史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Tibetan_Buddhism" class="extiw" title="en:History of Tibetan Buddhism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of Tibetan Buddhism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="印度佛教">印度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C%E5%85%B0%E5%8D%A1%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="斯里兰卡佛教">斯里蘭卡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%AC%E7%94%B8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="緬甸佛教">緬甸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9C%8B%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="泰國佛教">泰國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="中国佛教">中國大陸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="台灣佛教">台灣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="日本佛教">日本</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="新加坡佛教">新加坡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="马来西亚佛教">马来西亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9C%8B%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="蒙古國佛教">蒙古國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">歐美</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="佛教历史">歷史</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="佛教历史">佛教历史</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="佛教時間線">佛教時間線</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E9%9B%86" title="结集">结集</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A7%8B%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6" title="原始佛教研究">原始佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9D%E6%9C%9F%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="初期佛教">初期佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E6%9C%AC%E5%88%86%E8%A3%82" title="根本分裂">根本分裂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E6%B4%BE%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="部派佛教">部派佛教</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%9C%BE%E9%83%A8" title="大眾部">大眾部</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8" title="上座部">上座部</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%82%B2%E7%8E%8B" title="阿育王">阿育王</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="上座部佛教">南傳佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="北傳佛教">北傳佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%9C%A8%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%B0%E8%90%BD" title="佛教在印度的衰落">於印度衰落</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E9%9B%A3" title="法難">法難</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="佛教现代主义">佛教现代主义</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%96%93%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="人間佛教">人間佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A5%E4%B8%96%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="入世佛教">左翼佛教</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E7%BB%8F" title="佛经">經籍</a>舉要</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E7%BB%8F" title="大藏经">大藏经</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%88%A9%E4%B8%89%E8%97%8F" title="巴利三藏">巴利大藏經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E7%BB%8F" title="大藏经">漢文大藏經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E6%96%87%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E7%BB%8F" title="藏文大藏经">藏文大藏经</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%90%AB%E7%B6%93" title="阿含經">阿含經</a> <ul><li>南传<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%9F%AF%E8%80%B6" title="尼柯耶">尼柯耶</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%8F%A5%E7%B6%93" title="法句經">法句經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%88%AC%E8%8B%A5%E7%BB%8F" title="大般若经">大般若经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AC%E8%8B%A5%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E8%9C%9C%E5%A4%9A%E5%BF%83%E7%B6%93" title="般若波羅蜜多心經">心經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E7%B6%93" title="金剛經">金剛經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%99%E6%B3%95%E8%8E%B2%E5%8D%8E%E7%BB%8F" title="妙法莲华经">法華經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%B7%B1%E5%AF%86%E7%B6%93" title="解深密經">解深密經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E5%9A%B4%E7%B6%93" title="華嚴經">華嚴經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E6%91%A9%E8%A9%B0%E6%89%80%E8%AA%AA%E7%B6%93" title="維摩詰所說經">維摩經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E6%A7%83%E7%B6%93" class="mw-disambig" title="涅槃經">涅槃經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9E%E4%BC%BD%E7%B6%93" title="楞伽經">楞伽經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%82%B2%E5%92%92" title="大悲咒">大悲咒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9E%E5%9A%B4%E7%B6%93" title="楞嚴經">楞嚴經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%86%E8%A7%89%E7%BB%8F" title="圆觉经">圆觉经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A5%E5%B8%AB%E7%90%89%E7%92%83%E5%85%89%E5%A6%82%E4%BE%86%E6%9C%AC%E9%A1%98%E5%8A%9F%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93" title="藥師琉璃光如來本願功德經">藥師經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%97%8F%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8%E6%9C%AC%E6%84%BF%E7%BB%8F" title="地藏菩萨本愿经">地藏經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%BD%8C%E9%99%80%E7%B6%93" title="阿彌陀經">阿彌陀經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%A5%96%E5%9D%9B%E7%BB%8F" title="六祖坛经">坛经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD%E5%B8%AB%E5%9C%B0%E8%AB%96" title="瑜伽師地論">瑜伽論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%99%BA%E5%BA%A6%E8%AB%96" title="大智度論">大智度論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%97%E8%BE%BE%E7%A3%A8%E4%BF%B1%E8%88%8D%E8%AE%BA" title="阿毗达磨俱舍论">俱舍論</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%81%96%E5%9C%B0" title="佛教聖地">聖地</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%AF%BA" title="佛寺">佛寺</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E8%88%8D" title="精舍">精舍</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%A3%E5%9C%B0" title="八大圣地">八圣地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%A4%A7%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%90%8D%E5%B1%B1" title="四大佛教名山">四道場</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%97%8F%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E9%87%8D%E7%82%B9%E5%AF%BA%E9%99%A2" title="汉族地区佛教全国重点寺院">汉地寺院</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A1%94%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古塔列表（页面不存在）">佛塔列表</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;">相關主題</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93" title="佛教藝術">艺术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%BF%AE%E8%A1%8C%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="佛教修行制度">修学制度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="Category:佛教組織">組織</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9" title="Category:佛教人物">人物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF" title="Category:佛教模板">佛教模板</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%B8%BB%E9%A2%98" title="Template:佛教主题">佛教主題</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:TheravadaBuddhism" title="Template:TheravadaBuddhism">上座部佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:PaliCanon" title="Template:PaliCanon">巴利聖典</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4" title="对佛教的批判">批評</a></li> <li>論諍 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E9%9D%9E%E4%BD%9B%E8%AA%AA%E8%AB%96%E8%AB%8D" title="大乘非佛說論諍">大乘非佛說</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E6%96%B9%E8%AB%B8%E4%BD%9B%E8%AB%8D%E8%AB%96" title="十方諸佛諍論">十方諸佛</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教大綱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of Buddhism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%A4%A7%E7%B6%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教大綱（页面不存在）">佛教大綱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_Buddhism" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of Buddhism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of Buddhism</span></a></span>）</span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dharma_Wheel.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/18px-Dharma_Wheel.gif" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/27px-Dharma_Wheel.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/36px-Dharma_Wheel.gif 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Portal:佛教">佛教主題</a> <a href="/wiki/WikiProject:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="WikiProject:佛教">佛教专题</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Template:佛教"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Template talk:佛教"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:佛教"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>慧遠</b>（334年—416年），俗姓<b>賈</b>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B6%E5%B7%9E" title="并州">并州</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%81%E9%97%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="雁门">雁門</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%93%E7%85%A9" title="樓煩">樓煩</a>縣（今<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="山西">山西</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E6%AD%A6" class="mw-disambig" title="宁武">寧武</a>附近）人，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%99%89" class="mw-redirect" title="東晉">東晉</a>高僧，是<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%A7%80" title="中觀">中觀</a>般若學大師，曾居<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%AC%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="廬山">廬山</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA" title="东林寺">東林寺</a>，人稱稱<b>廬山慧遠</b>或<b>東林慧遠</b>。後世淨土宗認為，他曾在此組織蓮社，推廣唸佛往生，將其尊為<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="淨土宗 (中國)">淨土宗</a>初祖，但淨土宗二祖<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%84%E5%AF%BC" title="善导">善導</a>師承來自<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%87%E9%B8%9E" title="曇鸞">曇鸞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E7%BB%B0" title="道绰">道綽</a>一系，與慧遠無前後師承關係。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生平事跡"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B3.E4.BA.8B.E8.B7.A1"></span>生平事跡</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：生平事跡"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="由儒入佛"><span id=".E7.94.B1.E5.84.92.E5.85.A5.E4.BD.9B"></span>由儒入佛</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：由儒入佛"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>慧遠少通<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E5%AE%B6" title="儒家">儒家</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E7%B6%93" class="mw-redirect" title="五經">五經</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E5%AE%B6" title="道家">道家</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E5%BA%84" class="mw-redirect" title="老庄">老莊</a>之學，年十三曾隨舅父令狐氏遊學許（今<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="河南">河南</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%B1%E6%98%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="許昌">許昌</a>）、洛（今河南<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E9%99%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="洛陽">洛陽</a>）。354年欲南下訪儒生范宣，值世亂道阻，聞<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8B%E9%81%93%E5%AE%89" title="釋道安">道安</a>法師（314年－385年）於太行恒山弘揚佛學，遂改道前往謁見，他被道安高尚的人格、淵博的學識所懾服，拜道安為師。在道安門下，聽聞般若經後，決心出家<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="輾轉修行"><span id=".E8.BC.BE.E8.BD.89.E4.BF.AE.E8.A1.8C"></span>輾轉修行</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：輾轉修行"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>358年奉道安命，前往<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%8A%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="荊州">荊州</a>探問<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%BA%E6%B3%95%E6%B1%B0" title="竺法汰">竺法汰</a>疾病，而於荊州破斥道恒「心無義」見解。年二十四即登讲席，引<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%84%E5%AD%90" title="庄子">庄子</a>之見來说明佛教之实相义理，使迷惑者晓然领解。361年隨道安入王屋山，數年內幾經流離，於366年止於湖北<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%84%E9%99%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="襄陽">襄陽</a>，在此駐錫十二年。 </p><p>建元十四年（378年）秦將<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%BB%E4%B8%95" title="苻丕">苻丕</a>攻襄陽，道安為太守朱序所拘，不能離去，遂分散徒眾各隨所之。慧遠奉道安命，至江南弘教，住荊州上明寺，時年45歲<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="住持東林寺"><span id=".E4.BD.8F.E6.8C.81.E6.9D.B1.E6.9E.97.E5.AF.BA"></span>住持東林寺</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：住持東林寺"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E4%B8%9C%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/%E4%B8%9C%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA.JPG/250px-%E4%B8%9C%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/%E4%B8%9C%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA.JPG/375px-%E4%B8%9C%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/%E4%B8%9C%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA.JPG/500px-%E4%B8%9C%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1739" /></a><figcaption>庐山<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA" title="东林寺">东林寺</a></figcaption></figure> <p>慧遠辭別道安，原欲南向訪問同學慧永，以踐昔日<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E6%B5%AE%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="羅浮山">羅浮山</a>共住之約。因慧永棲止<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%AC%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="廬山">廬山</a>西林寺，遂亦居止廬山。慧遠初住龍泉精舍，後慧永請<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-disambig" title="江州">江州</a>刺史桓伊建東林寺。寺成，慧遠乃移居<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA" title="东林寺">東林寺</a>。慧遠内通佛理，外善群书，为当代僧众所钦敬。庐山之东林寺为当时南地佛教中心（<a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%A0%E6%91%A9%E7%BD%97%E4%BB%80" title="鸠摩罗什">鸠摩罗什</a>所居之<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E5%AE%89" title="长安">长安</a>为当时北地佛教中心）。当时名仕<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E7%81%B5%E8%BF%90" title="谢灵运">谢灵运</a>，钦敬慧远，替他在东林寺中开东西两池，遍种白莲，慧远所创之社，遂称“白莲社”，因此，后来净土宗又称“莲宗”。被後世淨土宗追尊為淨土宗初祖<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。慧遠居東林寺直至圓寂。春秋八十有三。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="組識譯經"><span id=".E7.B5.84.E8.AD.98.E8.AD.AF.E7.B6.93"></span>組識譯經</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：組識譯經"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>於廬山期間，慧遠整肅僧團、聚徒講學，並組織譯經事業。曾請<a href="/wiki/%E5%83%A7%E4%BC%BD%E6%8F%90%E5%A9%86" class="mw-redirect" title="僧伽提婆">僧伽提婆</a>譯出《<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%98%E6%9B%87%E5%BF%83%E8%AB%96" title="阿毘曇心論">阿毘曇心論</a>》四卷、《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B3%95%E5%BA%A6%E8%AB%96" title="三法度論">三法度論</a>》二卷；<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E9%A9%AE%E8%B7%8B%E9%99%80%E7%BD%97" class="mw-redirect" title="佛驮跋陀罗">佛馱跋陀羅</a>(覺賢，359年—429年)譯出《<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%AE%E8%A1%8C%E6%96%B9%E4%BE%BF%E7%A6%AA%E7%B6%93" title="修行方便禪經">修行方便禪經</a>》。慧遠均為新譯經作序。又常以书信，与<a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%A0%E6%91%A9%E7%BD%97%E4%BB%80" title="鸠摩罗什">鸠摩罗什</a>往返研讨义理。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%87%E6%91%A9%E6%B5%81%E6%94%AF" title="曇摩流支">昙摩流支</a>来华时，慧遠曾遣弟子<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%99%E9%82%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="昙邕（页面不存在）">昙邕</a>参与译出《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E8%AA%A6%E5%BE%8B" title="十誦律">十诵律</a>》。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="主要著作"><span id=".E4.B8.BB.E8.A6.81.E8.91.97.E4.BD.9C"></span>主要著作</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：主要著作"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>《法性論》，<a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%A9%E6%91%A9%E7%BE%85%E4%BB%80" class="mw-redirect" title="鳩摩羅什">鳩摩羅什</a>讀而讚嘆，可惜已佚。</li> <li>《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E9%96%80%E4%B8%8D%E6%95%AC%E7%8E%8B%E8%80%85%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙門不敬王者論（页面不存在）">沙門不敬王者論</a>》，內有五篇論文，首篇論述為何出家沙門無須禮敬國主，終篇則說明形盡神不滅之理。</li> <li>《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E5%A4%A7%E7%BE%A9%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大乘大義章（页面不存在）">大乘大義章</a>》，此為慧遠羅列佛教義理問題向鳩摩羅什大師請教、羅什作答的往返書信，經後人整理而流傳。</li> <li>《大智度論鈔》，此係慧遠將羅什新譯百卷《大智度論》刪節而成二十卷，並為鈔本作序。《鈔》佚失，只有序文傳世。</li></ul> <p>附記一則：慧遠曾讚賞羅什門下<a href="/wiki/%E5%83%A7%E8%82%87" title="僧肇">僧肇</a>所作《般若無知論》，並由<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E9%81%BA%E6%B0%91" title="劉遺民">劉遺民</a>執筆，就關河與廬山看法不同之處，書問僧肇，僧肇亦有回信說明。原信雖非慧遠親自所寫，然亦足以代表慧遠的論點。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="知名弟子"><span id=".E7.9F.A5.E5.90.8D.E5.BC.9F.E5.AD.90"></span>知名弟子</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：知名弟子"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>慧遠的<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%80%E5%BE%92" title="門徒">門徒</a>甚多，知名僧人有：曇邕、曇恒、道昺、法淨、法領等；<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%97%E5%AE%B6%E5%BC%9F%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="俗家弟子">俗家弟子</a>則有：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E9%81%BA%E6%B0%91" title="劉遺民">劉遺民</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%97%E7%82%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宗炳（页面不存在）">宗炳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E7%BA%8C%E4%B9%8B" title="周續之">周續之</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E6%AC%A1%E5%AE%97" title="雷次宗">雷次宗</a>等。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="淨宗初祖"><span id=".E6.B7.A8.E5.AE.97.E5.88.9D.E7.A5.96"></span>淨宗初祖</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：淨宗初祖"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>後世淨土宗推崇慧遠為初祖，但他在生前並沒有提出淨土宗的名稱，未建立淨土宗理論與宗派，與二祖<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%84%E5%AF%BC" title="善导">善導</a>之間也沒有師承關係。 </p><p>據說，慧遠曾於402年7月與劉遺民等僧俗一百二十三人，於山北般若台阿彌陀佛像前共誓往生西方，由<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E9%81%BA%E6%B0%91" title="劉遺民">劉遺民</a>作誓文。後世稱為「結社」，成為淨土宗在中國的開端。相傳，慧远在<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%90%E5%B1%B1" title="庐山">庐山</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA" title="东林寺">东林寺</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E9%81%BA%E6%B0%91" title="劉遺民">刘遗民</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E6%AC%A1%E5%AE%97" title="雷次宗">雷次宗</a>等共一百二十三人在<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%BC%A5%E9%99%80%E4%BD%9B" title="阿弥陀佛">阿弥陀佛</a>像前發願，共期西方<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，希望由<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%8F%E8%A1%8C%E5%BF%B5%E4%BD%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="经行念佛（页面不存在）">经行念佛</a>，修行<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BF%B5%E4%BD%9B%E4%B8%89%E6%98%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="念佛三昧（页面不存在）">念佛三昧</a>，而得解脫<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>但是在隋唐的佛教文獻中，並沒有「慧遠結蓮社」的記載。慧遠結蓮社此事最早的記載，出自<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="宋朝">宋朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E8%88%9C%E4%BF%9E" title="陳舜俞">陳舜俞</a>（?-1074年）《廬山記》中所引《十八高賢傳》。後南宋僧<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%97%E7%A3%90" title="志磐">志磐</a>編《<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E7%A5%96%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="佛祖统记">佛祖統記</a>》時，將《十八高賢傳》加以修定並收錄，於是成為後世流傳的版本。 </p><p>南宋宗曉作《蓮社繼祖五法師傳》，依《廬山記》，首度推崇慧遠為淨土宗初祖，並建立善導、法照等五位淨土宗祖師傳承世系。<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%97%E7%A3%90" title="志磐">志磐</a>編《<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E7%A5%96%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="佛祖统记">佛祖統記</a>》繼承宗曉的六祖說，又提出了淨土七祖說。後世遂以慧遠為淨土宗初祖。 </p><p>後世淨土宗所傳的慧遠故事，並非全屬史實。慧遠被推為淨土宗初祖，與<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E7%9C%BC%E5%AE%97" title="法眼宗">法眼宗</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E6%98%8E%E5%BB%B6%E5%A3%BD" title="永明延壽">永明延壽</a>大師被推為淨土宗六祖，與南宋之後佛教重心南遷有很深的關連。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Huxisanxiaotu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Huxisanxiaotu.jpg/240px-Huxisanxiaotu.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Huxisanxiaotu.jpg/360px-Huxisanxiaotu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Huxisanxiaotu.jpg/480px-Huxisanxiaotu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="宋朝">宋朝</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%8E%E6%BA%AA%E4%B8%89%E7%AC%91" title="虎溪三笑">虎溪三笑</a>图》，画中<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B6%E6%B8%8A%E6%98%8E" title="陶渊明">陶渊明</a>、<a class="mw-selflink selflink">慧远</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B8%E4%BF%AE%E9%9D%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="陸修靜">陸修靜</a>相聚<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%90%E5%B1%B1" title="庐山">庐山</a>，象征<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E5%AE%B6" title="儒家">儒</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">释</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E6%95%99" title="道教">道</a>三家和睦相处</figcaption></figure> <p>也有传说慧远居廬山，“影不出山，跡不入俗”，每次送客遊履，常以<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%8E%E6%BA%AA" class="mw-disambig" title="虎溪">虎溪</a>為界<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。而<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B6%E6%B8%8A%E6%98%8E" title="陶渊明">陶渊明</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E5%A3%AB" title="道士">道士</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%86%E4%BF%AE%E9%9D%99" title="陆修静">陆修静</a>一起访问慧远，归途中，三人谈笑风生，不知不觉跨越了虎溪，三人相视大笑<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。这一传说成了后世《<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%8E%E6%BA%AA%E4%B8%89%E7%AC%91" title="虎溪三笑">虎溪三笑</a>图》的题材，作为儒释道三教和睦相处的象征，长传不衰。但根據元末<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%97%E5%84%80" title="陶宗儀">陶宗儀</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9D%91%E8%BC%9F%E8%80%95%E9%8C%84" title="南村輟耕錄">南村輟耕錄</a>》考證，陸修靜在元嘉末年至廬山，當時慧遠已過世三十年，陶淵明已過世二十年，三人會談之說恐怕只是偽託<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注释"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8A"></span>注释</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：注释"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《高僧傳》卷六：「時沙門釋道安立寺於太行恒山弘贊像法。聲甚著聞。遠遂往歸之。一面盡敬，以為真吾師也。後聞安講波若經，豁然而悟。乃歎曰：儒道九流皆糠粃耳。便與弟慧持，投簪落彩，委命受業。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《高僧傳》卷六：「偽秦建元九年。秦將符丕寇斥襄陽。道安為朱序所拘，不能得去，乃分張徒眾各隨所之。臨路諸長德，皆被誨約，遠不蒙一言。遠乃跪曰：獨無訓勗，懼非人例。安曰：如公者，豈復相憂。遠於是與弟子數十人，南適荊州，住上明寺。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">南懷瑾。《中國佛教發展史略》。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">梁《<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%83%A7%E5%82%B3" title="高僧傳">高僧傳</a>》：“彭城劉遺民、豫章雷次宗、雁門周續之、新蔡畢頴之、南陽宗炳、張菜民、張季碩等，並棄世遺榮依遠遊止。遠乃於精舍無量壽像前，建齋立誓，共期西方。乃令劉遺民著其文曰：‘惟歲在攝提秋七月戊辰朔二十八日乙未。法師釋慧遠貞感幽奧宿懷特發。乃延命同志息心貞信之士百有二十三人。集於廬山之陰般若臺精舍阿彌陀像前。率以香華敬廌而誓……’”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《大乘大義章》：「又《般舟經》種種設教，當念分別阿彌陀佛在於西方，過十萬佛土，彼佛以無量光明，常照十方世界。若行如經所說，能見佛者，則有本末，非徒虛妄憶想分別而已。以人不信，不知行禪定法，作是念：未得神通，何能遠見諸佛也。是故佛以夢為喻耳。如人以夢力故，雖有遠事，能到能見。行般舟三昧菩薩亦復如是，以此定力故，遠見諸佛，不以山林等為礙也。以人信夢故，以之為喻。又夢是不然之法，無所施作，尚能如是，何況施其功用而不見也。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">韩溥. 江西佛敎史. 光明日报出版社. 1995: 186. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787800916014" title="Special:网络书源/9787800916014"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 9787800916014</a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（简体）网页">（中文（简体））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0&rft.au=%E9%9F%A9%E6%BA%A5&rft.btitle=%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%8E%E5%8F%B2&rft.date=1995&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9787800916014&rft.pages=186&rft.pub=%E5%85%89%E6%98%8E%E6%97%A5%E6%8A%A5%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">此記載最早見於宋代陳舜俞《廬山記》卷二：「慧遠法師廬山阜三十餘年，影不出山，跡不入俗。送客過虎溪，虎輒嗚號。昔陶元亮居栗里，山南陸修靜，亦有道之士。遠師嘗送此二人，與語道合，不覺過之，因相大笑。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">李剑锋. 陶渊明及其诗文渊源研究. 山东大学出版社. 2005: 240. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787560731155" title="Special:网络书源/9787560731155"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 9787560731155</a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（简体）网页">（中文（简体））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0&rft.au=%E6%9D%8E%E5%89%91%E9%94%8B&rft.btitle=%E9%99%B6%E6%B8%8A%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E8%AF%97%E6%96%87%E6%B8%8A%E6%BA%90%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9787560731155&rft.pages=240&rft.pub=%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考資料"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span>參考資料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：參考資料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>《高僧傳·慧遠傳》慧皎</li> <li>《新編佛教辭典》陳兵編著</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf;position:relative}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="净土信仰和淨土宗" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#ffeec2;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link 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href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%B9%E4%B8%89%E8%81%96" title="西方三聖">西方三聖</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%BC%A5%E9%99%80%E4%BD%9B" title="阿弥陀佛">无量光无量寿甘露王阿弥陀如来</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%80%E4%B8%96%E9%9F%B3%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" title="觀世音菩薩">观世音菩萨摩诃萨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%8A%BF%E8%87%B3%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8" title="大势至菩萨">大势至菩萨摩诃萨</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%B5%E6%A8%82%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="極樂世界">西方极乐世界</a>諸聖</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%96%B9%E4%BD%9B" title="五方佛">五方佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E6%96%B9%E4%BD%9B" title="十方佛">十方佛</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffeec2;;width:1%">經典論述</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E4%BA%94%E7%B6%93%E4%B8%80%E8%AB%96" title="淨土五經一論">五经一论</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>三經 <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%BD%8C%E9%99%80%E7%B6%93" title="阿彌陀經">阿彌陀經</a>》</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%80%E7%84%A1%E9%87%8F%E5%A3%BD%E4%BD%9B%E7%B6%93" title="觀無量壽佛經">觀無量壽佛經</a>》</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%87%8F%E5%A3%BD%E7%B6%93" title="無量壽經">無量壽經</a>》</li></ul></li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E5%9A%B4%E7%B6%93" title="華嚴經">華嚴經</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E5%9A%B4%E7%B6%93" title="華嚴經">普賢菩薩行願品</a>》</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9E%E5%9A%B4%E7%B6%93" title="楞嚴經">楞嚴經</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%8B%A2%E8%87%B3%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9%E5%BF%B5%E4%BD%9B%E5%9C%93%E9%80%9A%E7%AB%A0" title="大勢至菩薩念佛圓通章">大勢至菩薩念佛圓通章</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E4%BA%B2" title="世亲">世亲</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%87%8F%E5%A3%BD%E7%B6%93%E5%84%AA%E6%B3%A2%E6%8F%90%E8%88%8D" title="無量壽經優波提舍">往生論</a>》</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2;">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AC%E8%88%9F%E4%B8%89%E6%98%A7%E7%BB%8F" title="般舟三昧经">般舟三昧经</a>》</li> <li>《楞嚴經·<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%80%E4%B8%96%E9%9F%B3%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9%E8%80%B3%E6%A0%B9%E5%9C%93%E9%80%9A%E7%AB%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="觀世音菩薩耳根圓通章">觀世音菩薩耳根圓通章</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E7%B1%BB%E4%BA%94%E7%BB%8F" title="部类五经">部类五经</a></li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F%E5%92%92" title="往生咒">拔一切業障根本得生淨土往生咒</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E6%A8%B9" title="龍樹">龍樹</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%BD%8F%E6%AF%97%E5%A9%86%E6%B2%99%E8%AB%96" title="十住毗婆沙論">十住毗婆沙論</a>·易行品》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E9%A1%97" title="智顗">智顗</a>（傳）《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%81%E7%96%91%E8%AB%96" title="淨土十疑論">淨土十疑論</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E5%9F%BA" title="大乘基">大乘基</a>（傳）《<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%B9%E8%A6%81%E6%B1%BA%E9%87%8B%E7%96%91%E9%80%9A%E8%A6%8F" title="西方要決釋疑通規">西方要決釋疑通規</a>》</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A6%BA%E9%91%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="覺鑁（页面不存在）">覺鑁</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%BC%A5%E9%99%80%E7%A7%98%E9%87%8A" title="阿弥陀秘释">阿弥陀秘释</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E7%B6%93%E5%85%B8" title="Category:淨土宗經典">Category:淨土宗經典</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffeec2;;width:1%">重要教义</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;background:#f7f7f7;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%87%8F%E5%A3%BD%E7%B6%93#四十八願" title="無量壽經">阿弥陀佛四十八大愿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E8%A1%8C%E9%81%93%E8%88%87%E9%9B%A3%E8%A1%8C%E9%81%93" title="易行道與難行道">易行道與難行道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%B5%E4%BD%9B" title="念佛">念佛</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E7%84%A1%E9%98%BF%E5%BD%8C%E9%99%80%E4%BD%9B" title="南無阿彌陀佛">南無阿彌陀佛</a></li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%99%E6%B3%95%E8%8E%B2%E5%8D%8E%E7%BB%8F" title="妙法莲华经">妙法莲华经</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%80%E4%B8%96%E9%9F%B3%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9%E6%99%AE%E9%96%80%E5%93%81" title="觀世音菩薩普門品">觀世音菩薩普門品</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%9B%B8%E5%BF%B5%E4%BD%9B" title="無相念佛">無相念佛</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="称名念佛" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="称名念仏"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%B0%E5%90%8D%E5%BF%B5%E4%BD%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="称名念佛（页面不存在）">称名念佛</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%B0%E5%90%8D%E5%BF%B5%E4%BB%8F" class="extiw" title="ja:称名念仏"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">称名念仏</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%AC%E8%88%9F%E4%B8%89%E6%98%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="般舟三昧（页面不存在）">般舟三昧</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E5%93%81%E5%BE%80%E7%94%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="九品往生">九品往生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97#三根普被與帶業往生" title="淨土宗">三根普被、利鈍全收、帶業往生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97#修行法門" title="淨土宗">信願行</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%96%84" title="十善">十善</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%85%E5%87%80%E5%8F%8C%E4%BF%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="禅净双修（页面不存在）">禅净双修</a></li> <li>日本<a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A1%E4%BA%BA%E6%AD%A3%E6%A9%9F%E8%AA%AA" title="惡人正機說">惡人正機說</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffeec2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E7%A5%96%E5%B8%88" title="净土宗祖师">祖师</a>大德</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2;">印度</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E6%A8%B9" title="龍樹">龍樹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E8%A6%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="天親">天親</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2;">中國</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>初祖<a class="mw-selflink selflink">慧遠</a></li> <li>二祖<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%84%E5%AF%BC" title="善导">善导</a></li> <li>三祖<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%BF%E8%BF%9C" title="承远">承远</a></li> <li>四祖<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E7%85%A7" title="法照">法照</a></li> <li>五祖<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E5%B0%91%E5%BA%B7" title="释少康">少康</a></li> <li>六祖<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E6%98%8E%E5%BB%B6%E5%A3%BD" title="永明延壽">延寿</a></li> <li>七祖<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E7%9C%81%E5%B8%B8" title="释省常">省常</a></li> <li>八祖<a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AE%E6%B1%A0%E7%A5%A9%E5%AE%8F" title="蓮池祩宏">袾宏</a></li> <li>九祖<a href="/wiki/%E8%95%85%E7%9B%8A%E6%99%BA%E6%97%AD" title="蕅益智旭">智旭</a></li> <li>十祖<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E7%AD%96" title="行策">行策</a></li> <li>十一祖<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A6%E8%B3%A2" title="實賢">實賢</a></li> <li>十二祖<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%86%92" title="釋際醒">際醒</a></li> <li>十三祖<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E5%8D%B0%E5%85%89" title="释印光">印光</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2;">日本</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97_(%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC)" title="净土宗 (日本)">净土宗</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%87%E9%B8%9E" title="曇鸞">曇鸞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E7%BB%B0" title="道绰">道绰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%84%E5%AF%BC" title="善导">善导</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%80%E6%84%9F" title="怀感">怀感</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E5%B0%91%E5%BA%B7" title="释少康">少康</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E7%84%B6" title="法然">法然</a>（創立）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97" title="淨土真宗">淨土真宗</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E6%A8%B9" title="龍樹">龍樹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E8%A6%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="天親">天親</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%87%E9%B8%9E" title="曇鸞">曇鸞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E7%BB%B0" title="道绰">道绰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%84%E5%AF%BC" title="善导">善导</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%90%E4%BF%A1_(%E5%83%A7%E4%BA%BA)" title="源信 (僧人)">源信</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E7%84%B6" title="法然">法然</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%AA%E9%B8%9E" title="親鸞">親鸞</a>（創立）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align:center;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="融通念佛宗" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="融通念仏宗"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9E%8D%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%B5%E4%BD%9B%E5%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="融通念佛宗（页面不存在）">融通念佛宗</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%9E%8D%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%B5%E4%BB%8F%E5%AE%97" class="extiw" title="ja:融通念仏宗"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">融通念仏宗</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="良忍" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="良忍"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%89%AF%E5%BF%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="良忍（页面不存在）">良忍</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%89%AF%E5%BF%8D" class="extiw" title="ja:良忍"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">良忍</span></a></span>）</span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align:center;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="時宗" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="時宗"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%82%E5%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="時宗（页面不存在）">時宗</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%99%82%E5%AE%97" class="extiw" title="ja:時宗"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">時宗</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E9%81%8D" title="一遍">一遍</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffeec2;;width:1%">宗派分支</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align:center;">中國</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97" title="淨土宗">中國淨土宗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%85%E5%AD%90%E5%85%83" title="茅子元">茅子元</a>創立<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%8E%B2%E5%AE%97" title="白莲宗">白莲宗</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align:center;">日本</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align:center;">净土宗</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="弁長" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="弁長"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%81%E9%95%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="弁長（页面不存在）">弁長</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%81%E9%95%B7" class="extiw" title="ja:弁長"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">弁長</span></a></span>）</span></span>啟發<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8E%AE%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鎮西派（页面不存在）">鎮西派</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="證空" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="証空"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AD%89%E7%A9%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="證空（页面不存在）">證空</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A8%BC%E7%A9%BA" class="extiw" title="ja:証空"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">証空</span></a></span>）</span></span>啟發西山派 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%93%E7%A9%BA%E7%AB%8B%E4%BF%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="圓空立信（页面不存在）">圓空立信</a>啟發<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E8%A5%BF%E5%B1%B1%E6%B7%B1%E8%8D%89%E6%B4%BE" title="淨土宗西山深草派">西山深草派</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="淨音" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="浄音"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%A8%E9%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="淨音（页面不存在）">淨音</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%84%E9%9F%B3" class="extiw" title="ja:浄音"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">浄音</span></a></span>）</span></span>啟發<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="西山淨土宗" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="西山浄土宗"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E5%B1%B1%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西山淨土宗（页面不存在）">西山淨土宗</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%B1%B1%E6%B5%84%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97" class="extiw" title="ja:西山浄土宗"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">西山浄土宗</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="淨土宗西山禪林寺派" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="浄土宗西山禅林寺派"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E8%A5%BF%E5%B1%B1%E7%A6%AA%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="淨土宗西山禪林寺派（页面不存在）">西山禪林寺派</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%84%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E8%A5%BF%E5%B1%B1%E7%A6%85%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE" class="extiw" title="ja:浄土宗西山禅林寺派"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">浄土宗西山禅林寺派</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align:center;">净土真宗</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E6%9C%AC%E9%A1%98%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE" title="淨土真宗本願寺派">本願寺派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E5%A6%82" title="教如">教如</a>開始<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%B0%B7%E6%B4%BE" title="真宗大谷派">大谷派</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="真仏" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="真佛"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E4%BB%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真仏（页面不存在）">真仏</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E4%BD%9B" class="extiw" title="ja:真佛"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">真佛</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="顕智" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="顯智"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A1%95%E6%99%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="顕智（页面不存在）">顕智</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A1%AF%E6%99%BA" class="extiw" title="ja:顯智"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">顯智</span></a></span>）</span></span>創立<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E9%AB%98%E7%94%B0%E6%B4%BE" title="真宗高田派">高田派</a></li> <li>真佛、源海創立<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E4%BD%9B%E5%85%89%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE" title="真宗佛光寺派">佛光寺派</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="本寂 (日本)" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="本寂"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%AC%E5%AF%82_(%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="本寂 (日本)（页面不存在）">本寂</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%AF%82" class="extiw" title="ja:本寂"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">本寂</span></a></span>）</span></span>創立<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E8%88%88%E6%AD%A3%E6%B4%BE" title="真宗興正派">興正派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E6%9C%A8%E9%82%8A%E6%B4%BE" title="真宗木邊派">木邊派</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="真宗出雲路派" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="真宗出雲路派"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E5%87%BA%E9%9B%B2%E8%B7%AF%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真宗出雲路派（页面不存在）">出雲路派</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E5%87%BA%E9%9B%B2%E8%B7%AF%E6%B4%BE" class="extiw" title="ja:真宗出雲路派"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">真宗出雲路派</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="真宗誠照寺派" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="真宗誠照寺派"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E8%AA%A0%E7%85%A7%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真宗誠照寺派（页面不存在）">誠照寺派</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E8%AA%A0%E7%85%A7%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE" class="extiw" title="ja:真宗誠照寺派"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">真宗誠照寺派</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="真宗三門徒派" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="真宗三門徒派"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E4%B8%89%E9%96%80%E5%BE%92%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真宗三門徒派（页面不存在）">三門徒派</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E4%B8%89%E9%96%80%E5%BE%92%E6%B4%BE" class="extiw" title="ja:真宗三門徒派"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">真宗三門徒派</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="真宗山元派" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="真宗山元派"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E5%B1%B1%E5%85%83%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真宗山元派（页面不存在）">山元派</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E5%B1%B1%E5%85%83%E6%B4%BE" class="extiw" title="ja:真宗山元派"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">真宗山元派</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="大谷光紹" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="大谷光紹"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E8%B0%B7%E5%85%89%E7%B4%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大谷光紹（页面不存在）">大谷光紹</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%B0%B7%E5%85%89%E7%B4%B9" class="extiw" title="ja:大谷光紹"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">大谷光紹</span></a></span>）</span></span>創立<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E6%9D%B1%E6%9C%AC%E9%A1%98%E5%AF%BA%E6%B4%BE_(1988%E5%B9%B4)" title="淨土真宗東本願寺派 (1988年)">淨土真宗東本願寺派</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align:center;">時宗</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="時宗十二派" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="時宗十二派"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%82%E5%AE%97%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="時宗十二派（页面不存在）">時宗十二派</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%99%82%E5%AE%97%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E6%B4%BE" class="extiw" title="ja:時宗十二派"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">時宗十二派</span></a></span>）</span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align:center;">朝鮮半島</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97#朝鮮半島净土信仰" title="淨土宗">朝鮮淨土宗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97" title="大韓佛教淨土宗">大韓佛教淨土宗</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align:center;">越南</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97#越南净土信仰" title="淨土宗">越南蓮宗</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffeec2;;width:1%">祖庭圣地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2;">中國</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA" title="东林寺">东林寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%84%E4%B8%AD%E5%AF%BA" title="玄中寺">玄中寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E7%A7%AF%E5%AF%BA_(%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%89)" title="香积寺 (西安)">香积寺</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2;">日本</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align:center;">净土宗</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>鎮西派總本山<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E6%81%A9%E9%99%A2" title="知恩院">知恩院</a></li> <li>西山派 <ul><li>西山禪林寺派總本山<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AA%E6%9E%97%E5%AF%BA_(%E4%BA%AC%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82)" title="禪林寺 (京都市)">禪林寺</a></li> <li>西山淨土宗總本山<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E6%98%8E%E5%AF%BA_(%E9%95%B7%E5%B2%A1%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82)" title="光明寺 (長岡京市)">粟生光明寺</a></li> <li>西山深草派總本山<a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%93%E9%A1%98%E5%AF%BA" title="誓願寺">誓願寺</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align:center;">淨土真宗</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>本願寺派 <ul><li>本山<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%9C%AC%E9%A1%98%E5%AF%BA" title="西本願寺">西本願寺</a></li> <li>親鸞廟所<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E8%B0%B7%E6%9C%AC%E5%BB%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大谷本廟（页面不存在）">大谷本廟</a></li></ul></li> <li>真宗大谷派 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97%E6%9C%AC%E5%BB%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="真宗本廟">真宗本廟</a>東本願寺</li> <li>親鸞廟所<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E8%B0%B7%E7%A5%96%E5%BB%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大谷祖廟（页面不存在）">大谷祖廟</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align:center;">融通念佛宗</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">總本山<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%BF%B5%E4%BD%9B%E5%AF%BA" title="大念佛寺">大念佛寺</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align:center;">時宗</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>總本山<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%B7%A8%E5%85%89%E5%AF%BA" title="清淨光寺">清淨光寺</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="真光寺 (神戶市)" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="真光寺 (神戸市)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E5%85%89%E5%AF%BA_(%E7%A5%9E%E6%88%B6%E5%B8%82)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真光寺 (神戶市)（页面不存在）">真光寺</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%85%89%E5%AF%BA_(%E7%A5%9E%E6%88%B8%E5%B8%82)" class="extiw" title="ja:真光寺 (神戸市)"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">真光寺 (神戸市)</span></a></span>）</span></span>（一遍廟所）</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ffeec2;;width:1%">其他淨土</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%B4%87%E6%8B%9C" title="淨土崇拜">淨土信仰</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%9C%9F" title="佛土">佛土</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F" title="淨土">淨土</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align: center;">弥勒菩萨</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%8C%E5%8B%92%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" title="彌勒菩薩">彌勒菩薩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%9C%E7%8E%87%E5%A4%A9" title="兜率天">兜率內院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%B4%87%E6%8B%9C#弥勒净土经典" title="淨土崇拜">弥勒六经</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%80%E5%BD%8C%E5%8B%92%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9%E4%B8%8A%E7%94%9F%E5%85%9C%E7%8E%87%E5%A4%A9%E7%B6%93" title="觀彌勒菩薩上生兜率天經">观弥勒菩萨上生兜率天经</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A7%82%E5%BC%A5%E5%8B%92%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8%E4%B8%8B%E7%94%9F%E7%BB%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="观弥勒菩萨下生经（页面不存在）">观弥勒菩萨下生经</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A5%E5%8B%92%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%90%E4%BD%9B%E7%BB%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="弥勒大成佛经（页面不存在）">弥勒大成佛经</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A5%E5%8B%92%E6%9D%A5%E6%97%B6%E7%BB%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="弥勒来时经（页面不存在）">弥勒来时经</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A5%E5%8B%92%E5%8F%97%E5%86%B3%E7%BB%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="弥勒受决经（页面不存在）">弥勒受决经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A5%E5%8B%92%E4%B8%8B%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90%E4%BD%9B%E7%BB%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="弥勒下生成佛经">弥勒下生成佛经</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align: center;">药师佛</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%A3" title="东方三圣">东方药师三聖</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A5%E5%B8%AB%E4%BD%9B" title="藥師佛">药师琉璃光佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%85%89%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" title="日光菩薩">日光菩薩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E5%85%89%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" title="月光菩薩">月光菩薩</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A5%E5%B8%AB%E4%BD%9B#藥師七佛" title="藥師佛">药师七佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E7%90%89%E7%92%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="淨琉璃世界">淨琉璃世界</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A5%E5%B8%AB%E7%90%89%E7%92%83%E5%85%89%E5%A6%82%E4%BE%86%E6%9C%AC%E9%A1%98%E5%8A%9F%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93" title="藥師琉璃光如來本願功德經">药师经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A5%E5%B8%AB%E7%81%8C%E9%A0%82%E7%9C%9F%E8%A8%80" title="藥師灌頂真言">药师咒</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align: center;">阿閦佛</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%96%A6%E4%BD%9B" title="阿閦佛">阿閦佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%99%E5%96%9C%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="妙喜世界">妙喜世界</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%96%A6%E4%BD%9B%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F" title="阿閦佛国经">阿閦佛国经</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align: center;">大日如來</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%97%E5%8D%A2%E9%81%AE%E9%82%A3%E4%BD%9B" title="毗卢遮那佛">毗卢遮那佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AE%E8%8F%AF%E8%97%8F%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="蓮華藏世界">莲华藏世界</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%9A%B4%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="密嚴世界">密嚴世界</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%9C%9F#四土" title="佛土">常寂光土</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E4%BC%A0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="藏传佛教">藏传佛教</a>香巴拉</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89" title="香巴拉">香巴拉</a>淨土</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%8B" title="香巴拉国王">香巴拉国王</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E6%AE%8A%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8" title="文殊菩萨">文殊菩萨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E8%BD%AE" title="时轮">时轮金剛大根本续经</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#ffeec2;"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dharma_Wheel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/16px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/24px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/32px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Portal:佛教">佛教主题</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="禅宗" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#F5DEB3; color:Sienna;color:Sienna;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%A6%AA%E5%AE%97" title="Template:禪宗"><abbr title="查看该模板" style="color:Sienna">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E7%A6%AA%E5%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:禪宗（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板" style="color:Sienna">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%A6%AA%E5%AE%97" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:禪宗"><abbr title="编辑该模板" style="color:Sienna">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="禅宗" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%85%E5%AE%97" title="禅宗">禅宗</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#F5DEB3; color:Sienna;"><div>“不立文字，教外別傳；直指人心，見性成佛。”</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F5DEB3; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%A6%AA%E5%AE%97%E5%8F%B2" title="中國禪宗史">源流</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AA%E5%AE%97%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%A9%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E7%A5%96" title="禪宗西天二十八祖">西天二十八祖</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E8%BE%BE%E6%91%A9" title="菩提达摩">（第二十八祖）初祖菩提達磨</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%A7%E5%8F%AF" title="慧可">二祖慧可大祖</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%83%A7%E7%92%A8" title="僧璨">三祖僧璨鑒智</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E4%BF%A1" title="道信">四祖道信大醫</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%98%E5%BF%8D" title="弘忍">五祖弘忍大滿</a></span> < <div style="display:inline-block; text-align:left; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%A7%80" title="神秀">六祖神秀大通</a>（北宗） –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E5%AF%82" title="普寂">七祖普寂大慧</a>（北宗）<br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E8%83%BD" title="惠能">六祖慧能大鑒</a>（南宗） –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%8F%E6%B3%BD%E7%A5%9E%E4%BC%9A" title="菏泽神会">七祖神會真宗</a>（南宗）</span></div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E7%A6%AA-ouyang.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/%E7%A6%AA-ouyang.svg/100px-%E7%A6%AA-ouyang.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/%E7%A6%AA-ouyang.svg/150px-%E7%A6%AA-ouyang.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/%E7%A6%AA-ouyang.svg/200px-%E7%A6%AA-ouyang.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F5DEB3; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AA%E5%AE%97%E5%AE%97%E6%B4%BE" title="禪宗宗派">發展</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#F5DEB3; color:black;"><div id="禪宗法脈"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E8%83%BD%E5%8C%97%E7%A7%80" title="南能北秀">禪宗法脈</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F5DEB3; color:black;">早期禪宗</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9E%E4%BC%BD%E5%B8%AB" title="楞伽師">楞伽禪</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E9%A0%AD%E5%AE%97" title="牛頭宗">牛頭宗</a>｜</span><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E5%B1%B1%E5%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="東山宗（页面不存在）">東山法門</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%83%E6%A2%85%E7%A6%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黃梅禪（页面不存在）">黃梅禪</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%A7%80" title="神秀">神秀系北宗禪</a>｜</span><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9B%B9%E6%BA%AA%E7%A6%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="曹溪禅（页面不存在）">惠能系南宗禪</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap">北<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%8F%E6%BE%A4%E5%AE%97" title="菏澤宗">荷澤宗</a>｜</span><span style="white-space:nowrap">南<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E5%B7%9E%E5%AE%97" title="洪州宗">洪州宗</a>｜</span><span style="white-space:nowrap">南<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E9%A0%AD%E5%AE%97" title="石頭宗">石頭宗</a>｜</span><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%9D%E5%94%90%E5%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="保唐宗（页面不存在）">保唐宗</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F5DEB3; color:black;">五家七宗</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%A9%E4%BB%B0%E5%AE%97" title="沩仰宗">沩仰宗</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B4%E6%B5%8E%E5%AE%97" title="临济宗">临济宗</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E9%BE%8D%E5%AE%97" title="黃龍宗">黃龍宗</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A8%E5%B2%90%E5%AE%97" title="杨岐宗">杨岐宗</a>） –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E6%B4%9E%E5%AE%97" title="曹洞宗">曹洞宗</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%91%E9%97%A8%E5%AE%97" title="云门宗">云门宗</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E7%9C%BC%E5%AE%97" title="法眼宗">法眼宗</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F5DEB3; color:black;">明清禪宗</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E7%AB%A5%E7%B3%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="天童系（页面不存在）">天童系</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A3%90%E5%B1%B1%E7%B3%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="磐山系（页面不存在）">磐山系</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%B2%E9%96%80%E7%B3%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雲門系（页面不存在）">雲門系</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A3%BD%E6%98%8C%E7%B3%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="壽昌系（页面不存在）">壽昌系</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F5DEB3; color:black;">各地传承</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E7%A6%AA%E5%AE%97" title="台灣禪宗">台灣</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E7%A6%AA%E5%AE%97" title="日本禪宗">日本</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%85%E5%AE%97#朝鮮禪宗" title="禅宗">朝鮮半島</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%85%E9%97%A8%E4%B9%9D%E5%B1%B1" title="禅门九山">禅门九山</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%9B%B9%E6%BA%AA%E5%AE%97" title="大韩佛教曹溪宗">南韓曹溪宗</a>） –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%85%E5%AE%97#越南禅宗" title="禅宗">越南</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E8%A8%80%E9%80%9A" title="無言通">無言通派</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BB%85%E5%96%9C%E7%A6%AA%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="滅喜禪派（页面不存在）">滅喜禪派</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8D%89%E5%A0%82%E7%A6%AA%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="草堂禪派（页面不存在）">草堂禪派</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%B9%E6%9E%97%E7%A6%AA%E6%B4%BE" title="竹林禪派">竹林禪派</a>） –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9E%E7%A6%AA%E5%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="東南亞禪宗（页面不存在）">東南亞地區</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%85%E5%AE%97#現代禪宗" title="禅宗">世界禅</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F5DEB3; color:black;">法門和教義</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AA" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="禪">禪</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E6%83%B3" title="冥想">禅修</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%85%E5%AE%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="禅定">禅定</a>） –</span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="不立文字" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="不立文字"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E7%AB%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不立文字（页面不存在）">不立文字</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E7%AB%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" class="extiw" title="ja:不立文字"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">不立文字</span></a></span>）</span></span> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%85%E5%AE%97" title="禅宗">如來禪</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%96%E5%B8%AB%E7%A6%AA" title="祖師禪">祖師禪</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B1%E9%A0%AD%E7%A6%AA" title="話頭禪">看話禪</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%98%E7%85%A7%E7%A6%AA" title="默照禪">默照禪</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97%E7%A6%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="文字禪（页面不存在）">文字禪</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BF%B5%E4%BD%9B%E7%A6%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="念佛禪（页面不存在）">念佛禪</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E9%9A%8F%E5%BF%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="佛随念">佛随念</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%B5%E4%BD%9B" title="念佛">念佛</a>） –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%82%9F" title="开悟">开悟</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%93%E6%82%9F" title="頓悟">頓悟</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%93%E6%82%9F" title="頓悟">漸悟</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%BF%83%E8%A6%8B%E6%80%A7" title="明心見性">明心見性</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B3%E8%BA%AB%E6%88%90%E4%BD%9B" title="即身成佛">即身成佛</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%9F%E9%8B%92" title="機鋒">機鋒</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E7%89%9B%E5%9C%96" title="十牛圖">十牛圖</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E6%A1%88" title="公案">公案</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%88%E6%B8%85%E8%A7%84" title="百丈清规">百丈清规</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9B%E6%9E%97%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="丛林制度（页面不存在）">丛林制度</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%AA%E6%B7%A8%E9%9B%99%E4%BF%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="禪淨雙修（页面不存在）">禪淨雙修</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F5DEB3; color:black;">經典</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AC%E8%8B%A5%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E8%9C%9C%E5%A4%9A%E5%BF%83%E7%B6%93" title="般若波羅蜜多心經">心經</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E7%B6%93" title="金剛經">金剛經</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%86%E8%A7%89%E7%BB%8F" title="圆觉经">圆觉经</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9E%E4%BC%BD%E7%B6%93" title="楞伽經">楞伽經</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9E%E5%9A%B4%E7%B6%93" title="楞嚴經">楞嚴經</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E6%91%A9%E8%A9%B0%E6%89%80%E8%AA%AA%E7%B6%93" title="維摩詰所說經">維摩詰經</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%A5%96%E5%9D%9B%E7%BB%8F" title="六祖坛经">六祖坛经</a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E8%B5%B7%E4%BF%A1%E8%AE%BA" title="大乘起信论">大乘起信论</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#F5DEB3"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%BD%AE" title="法轮"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/16px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/24px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/32px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%A6%AA%E5%83%A7" title="Category:禪僧">禅僧</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AA%E5%B8%AB" title="禪師">禪師</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E4%BC%A0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%8D%81%E5%AE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="汉传佛教十宗">汉传佛教十宗</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Portal:佛教">佛教主题</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%BD%AE" title="法轮"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/16px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/24px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/32px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1194206#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1194206#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1194206#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118967215">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987012278771705171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n86070343">美国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00622780">日本</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jo2010610224&CON_LNG=ENG">捷克</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p073869465">荷兰</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.dila.edu.tw/person/?fromInner=A001204">DILA</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1359732">Trove</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hkcan.julac.org/authorities/names/9811104655803406">HKCAN</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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