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category-service-oracle-to-postgresql-migration category-umairs-planet-postgresql"> <div class="entry-blog"> <div class="entry-featured"> <img width="870" height="457" src="https://stormatics.tech/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Oracle-to-Postgres-series-870x457.webp" class="attachment-itfirm-post size-itfirm-post wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /> </div> <div class="entry-body"> <ul class="entry-meta ct-item-meta"> <li class="item-date"><i class="caseicon-clock"></i>November 21, 2024</li> <li class="item-author"><i class="caseicon-user-alt"></i>By <a href="https://stormatics.tech/author/umair" title="Posts by Umair Shahid" rel="author">Umair Shahid</a></li> <li class="item-category"><i class="caseicon-tags-alt"></i><a href="https://stormatics.tech/category/blogs" rel="tag">Blog</a>, <a href="https://stormatics.tech/category/service-oracle-to-postgresql-migration" rel="tag">Service Oracle to PostgreSQL Migration</a>, <a href="https://stormatics.tech/category/umairs-planet-postgresql" rel="tag">Umair's Planet PostgreSQL</a></li> </ul> <h2 class="entry-title"> <a href="https://stormatics.tech/blogs/transitioning-from-oracle-to-postgresql-roles-privileges" title="Transitioning from Oracle to PostgreSQL: Roles & Privileges"> Transitioning from Oracle to PostgreSQL: Roles & Privileges </a> </h2> <div class="entry-content clearfix"> <div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="22815" class="elementor elementor-22815"> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7ba58be elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default ct-header-fixed-none ct-column-none ct-row-scroll-none ct-row-gradient--none" data-id="7ba58be" data-element_type="section"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default "> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5bc5520 ct-column-none col-offset-none col-color-offset-none" data-id="5bc5520" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b527e7a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="b527e7a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <style>/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 23-07-2024 */ .elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}</style> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">When moving from Oracle to PostgreSQL, one of the key differences lies in how each database handles roles and privileges. Oracle’s privilege model is deeply ingrained in enterprise systems, with fine-grained user controls and a strict distinction between users and roles. PostgreSQL, while just as capable, approaches roles and privileges differently, offering flexibility and simplicity, but it also requires a shift in mindset for Oracle users.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This article provides a practical guide for Oracle experts to understand and implement roles and privileges in PostgreSQL, addressing the structural differences, common challenges, and best practices to make this transition smooth.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ae81787 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default ct-header-fixed-none ct-column-none ct-row-scroll-none ct-row-gradient--none ct-container-none" data-id="ae81787" data-element_type="section"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default "> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element 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.elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line) .elementor-divider-separator:before,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not([class*=elementor-widget-divider--view]) .elementor-divider-separator{width:100%;min-height:var(--divider-pattern-height);-webkit-mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;-webkit-mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);background-color:var(--divider-color);-webkit-mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url);mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url)}.elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing{--divider-pattern-size:auto}.elementor-widget-divider--bg-round{--divider-pattern-repeat:round}.rtl .elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{direction:rtl}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-divider,.e-con>.elementor-widget-divider{width:var(--container-widget-width,100%);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}</style> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8d99e33 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default ct-header-fixed-none ct-column-none ct-row-scroll-none ct-row-gradient--none" data-id="8d99e33" data-element_type="section"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default "> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dc08d20 ct-column-none col-offset-none col-color-offset-none" data-id="dc08d20" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a74d5d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="a74d5d8" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Table of Contents</span></h3><ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><strong><a href="#imp">Understanding Roles and Privileges</a></strong></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><strong><a href="#types">Roles and Privileges in Oracle</a></strong></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><strong><a href="#key">Roles and Privileges in PostgreSQL</a></strong></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><strong><a href="#case">Key Differences Between Oracle and PostgreSQL</a></strong></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><strong><a href="#best">Practical Considerations for Oracle Experts</a></strong></li><li><strong><a href="#conclu">Conclusion</a></strong></li></ol> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c801283 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default ct-header-fixed-none ct-column-none ct-row-scroll-none ct-row-gradient--none ct-container-none" data-id="c801283" data-element_type="section"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default "> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-da3e10d ct-column-none col-offset-none col-color-offset-none" data-id="da3e10d" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8bf02f3 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="8bf02f3" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0e8867b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default ct-header-fixed-none ct-column-none ct-row-scroll-none ct-row-gradient--none" data-id="0e8867b" data-element_type="section" id="imp"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default "> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f59253f ct-column-none col-offset-none col-color-offset-none" data-id="f59253f" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-121249d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="121249d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Understanding Roles and Privileges</span></h2><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In any database or software system, managing access is essential to maintaining security, organization, and efficient operations. Two key elements that facilitate this are </span><b>roles</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and </span><b>privileges</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></p><ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><b>Roles</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">: Roles are groupings of permissions that define what actions users can perform within a system. By assigning users to specific roles, administrators can ensure that individuals or groups only have the access they need for their tasks, reducing the risk of unauthorized actions. For example, a </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">manager</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> role in an HR system might have permissions to view and modify employee records, while a </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">staff</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> role may only have permission to view their own records.</span></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><b>Privileges</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">: Privileges are specific permissions granted to roles or individual users, allowing them to perform particular actions, such as reading data, modifying data, or executing administrative functions. Privileges can be broad (e.g., full database control) or narrow (e.g., read-only access to a single table). In database systems, privileges control operations like </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">SELECT</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">INSERT</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">UPDATE</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, and </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">DELETE</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> on data objects.</span></li></ol><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The combination of roles and privileges creates a secure environment where each user’s capabilities are clearly defined, reducing security vulnerabilities and making management easier for administrators.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-de48b06 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default ct-header-fixed-none ct-column-none ct-row-scroll-none ct-row-gradient--none" data-id="de48b06" data-element_type="section" id="types"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default "> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e6d25ee ct-column-none col-offset-none col-color-offset-none" data-id="e6d25ee" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e223a5b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="e223a5b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Roles and Privileges in Oracle</span></h2><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In Oracle, roles and privileges are structured to offer tight control over user access. Here are the foundational concepts:</span></p><ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><b>User Roles</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">: Oracle distinguishes between users and roles, where users are individual accounts, and roles are collections of privileges assigned to users. Roles make it easy to assign a consistent set of privileges across multiple users.</span></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><b>System Privileges</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">: These control database-wide capabilities like </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">CREATE USER</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">ALTER SYSTEM</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, and </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">CREATE TABLE</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">. They enable users to perform tasks that affect the entire database environment.</span></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><b>Object Privileges</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">: These focus on specific objects like tables, views, or sequences, with privileges like </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">SELECT</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">INSERT</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">UPDATE</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, and </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">DELETE</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><b>Granularity and Complexity</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">: Oracle’s model is designed for complex enterprise environments, allowing for detailed privilege configurations that make user access control robust but intricate.</span></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><b>Common Enterprise Roles</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">: DBAs often use predefined roles, such as </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">CONNECT</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">RESOURCE</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, and </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">DBA</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, which offer baseline permissions for general user, developer, and administrator access.</span></li></ol><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This system supports granular privilege management but can become complex when roles overlap or when privileges need regular updates.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5975416 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default ct-header-fixed-none ct-column-none ct-row-scroll-none ct-row-gradient--none" data-id="5975416" data-element_type="section" id="key"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default "> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-118f0f6 ct-column-none col-offset-none col-color-offset-none" data-id="118f0f6" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9a5783a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="9a5783a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Roles and Privileges in PostgreSQL</span></h2><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">PostgreSQL adopts a streamlined Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) model, treating users and roles as part of the same system. Here are some distinctions and features in PostgreSQL:</span></p><ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><b>Unified Roles</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">: Unlike Oracle, PostgreSQL treats roles as a unified entity for both users and groups, meaning that any role can have privileges and can be assigned to other roles. Users are simply roles with login capability.</span></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><b>Inheritance</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">: Roles in PostgreSQL can inherit privileges from other roles, creating a hierarchy. For example, if </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">developer</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> inherits from </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">base_user</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, it automatically gains all privileges assigned to </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">base_user</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><b>Default Role – Public</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">: PostgreSQL has a </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">public</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> role granted to all users by default, meaning that any privileges assigned to </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">public</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> apply universally. This is useful but requires careful management to avoid unnecessary exposure.</span></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><b>Privilege Types</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">: PostgreSQL provides similar object-level privileges (</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">SELECT</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">INSERT</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">UPDATE</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, etc.) but has fewer built-in system privileges compared to Oracle. The database superuser role is often leveraged for administrative control.</span></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><b>Flexibility with Role Creation</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">: PostgreSQL allows roles to represent either single users or groups, simplifying privilege assignment without needing distinct constructs for each.</span></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><b>Grant and Revoke Commands</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">: PostgreSQL uses the same </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">GRANT</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">REVOKE</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> commands as Oracle, though some syntax differences exist. Privileges can be managed more broadly by applying them to schema-wide or database-wide permissions.</span></li></ol> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fefe98f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default ct-header-fixed-none ct-column-none ct-row-scroll-none ct-row-gradient--none" data-id="fefe98f" data-element_type="section" id="case"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default "> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d562b54 ct-column-none col-offset-none col-color-offset-none" data-id="d562b54" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f2c61fb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="f2c61fb" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Key Differences Between Oracle and PostgreSQL</span></h2><h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Terminology and Role Structure</span></h3><p><b>Oracle</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> differentiates between users (accounts with access to resources) and roles (privilege groupings), whereas </span><b>PostgreSQL</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> uses roles interchangeably for both users and groups.</span></p><h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Managing Superuser Privileges</span></h3><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">PostgreSQL has a </span><b>superuser</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> role that has all privileges, similar to Oracle’s </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">SYSDBA</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">. However, it’s recommended to use the superuser role sparingly and rely on customized roles to maintain security.</span></p><h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Syntax Differences in Granting and Revoking Privileges</span></h3><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">While both databases use </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">GRANT</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">REVOKE</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, </span><b>PostgreSQL requires fewer privilege levels</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">. For instance, in PostgreSQL, </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">CONNECT</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">TEMP</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> privileges are at the database level, not part of a specific user privilege as in Oracle.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2e1184c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default ct-header-fixed-none ct-column-none ct-row-scroll-none ct-row-gradient--none" data-id="2e1184c" data-element_type="section" id="best"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default "> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a113f2a ct-column-none col-offset-none col-color-offset-none" data-id="a113f2a" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-14be593 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="14be593" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Practical Considerations for Oracle Experts</span></h2><h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Translating Oracle User Roles to PostgreSQL</span></h3><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Oracle users are accustomed to defining roles with specific privileges. In PostgreSQL, consider combining user groups with </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">INHERIT</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> privileges to replicate Oracle’s role structures. For example, define a role </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">app_user</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> with base privileges, and assign it to various users who require similar access.</span></p><h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Using Inheritance Wisely</span></h3><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Inheritance in PostgreSQL offers a flexible way to grant permissions without redefining roles. For instance, if you have a </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">developer</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> role that requires additional permissions, assign it to inherit from </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">app_user</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">, and only add the extra privileges. This minimizes the need for extensive </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">GRANT</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> commands for each user.</span></p><h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Managing the Public Role</span></h3><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">By default, PostgreSQL grants all users access to certain objects through the </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">public</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> role. Carefully audit this role to ensure sensitive permissions aren’t unintentionally assigned. You can use commands like:</span></p><pre><span style="font-weight: 400;">REVOKE ALL ON DATABASE mydb FROM public;</span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: 400;">REVOKE ALL ON SCHEMA myschema FROM public;</span></pre><h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Handling Superuser Privileges</span></h3><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">For database maintenance and high-level administration, PostgreSQL’s superuser role is similar to Oracle’s </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">SYSDBA</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">. However, it is best practice to limit superuser use to administrative tasks only. Instead, create roles with specific administrative rights for database management.</span></p><h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Schema-Based Permissions</span></h3><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">For multi-user environments, PostgreSQL allows you to assign permissions at the schema level, which can simplify access control for larger databases. For example, to give all </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">developer</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> role members access to a schema:</span></p><pre><span style="font-weight: 400;">GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA dev_schema TO developer;</span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: 400;">GRANT SELECT ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA dev_schema TO developer;</span></pre><h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Granting and Revoking Permissions in Bulk</span></h3><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">When handling multiple permissions across schemas or tables, PostgreSQL enables you to grant permissions at the schema level, making permission management efficient. For instance, granting </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">SELECT</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> permissions across an entire schema for a role:</span></p><pre><span style="font-weight: 400;">GRANT SELECT ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA reports TO analyst;</span></pre> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-444a84f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default ct-header-fixed-none ct-column-none ct-row-scroll-none ct-row-gradient--none" data-id="444a84f" data-element_type="section"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default "> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-880aba2 ct-column-none col-offset-none col-color-offset-none" data-id="880aba2" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e302de5 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="e302de5" data-element_type="widget" id="conclu" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Conclusion</span></h2><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Adapting to PostgreSQL’s roles and privileges model requires a shift in approach, particularly if you are accustomed to Oracle’s rigid distinction between users and roles. PostgreSQL offers a streamlined and flexible access model, which can simplify role management but needs thoughtful configuration to maintain security.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">By leveraging PostgreSQL’s inheritance, schema-based permissions, and carefully auditing the </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">public</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> role, Oracle experts can efficiently transition to PostgreSQL while retaining robust access control. For new PostgreSQL administrators from Oracle backgrounds, understanding these differences and applying best practices will ensure a secure, scalable, and manageable environment in PostgreSQL.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a2ffd09 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default ct-header-fixed-none ct-column-none ct-row-scroll-none ct-row-gradient--none" data-id="a2ffd09" data-element_type="section"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default "> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9f2b0f0 ct-column-none col-offset-none col-color-offset-none" data-id="9f2b0f0" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-19449e4 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="19449e4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Further Reading</span></h2><ul><li aria-level="1"><a title="Transitioning from Oracle to PostgreSQL: Partitioning" href="https://stormatics.tech/blogs/transitioning-from-oracle-to-postgresql-partitioning">Transitioning from Oracle to PostgreSQL: Partitioning</a></li><li aria-level="1"><a title="Transitioning from Oracle to PostgreSQL: Partitioning" href="https://stormatics.tech/blogs/transitioning-from-oracle-to-postgresql-concurrency-control">Transitioning from Oracle to PostgreSQL: Concurrency Control</a></li><li aria-level="1"><a href="https://stormatics.tech/blogs/transitioning-from-oracle-to-postgresql-pl-sql-vs-pl-pgsql">Transitioning from Oracle to PostgreSQL: PL/SQL vs PL/pgSQL</a></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://stormatics.tech/blogs/transitioning-from-oracle-to-postgresql-tablespaces"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Transitioning from Oracle to PostgreSQL: Tablespaces</span></a></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://stormatics.tech/blogs/transitioning-from-oracle-to-postgresql-understanding-the-concept-of-schema"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Transitioning from Oracle to PostgreSQL: Understanding the Concept of Schema</span></a></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://stormatics.tech/blogs/postgresql-is-a-viable-alternative-to-oracle-here-is-why"><span style="font-weight: 400;">PostgreSQL is a viable alternative to Oracle – here is why…</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> </span></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://stormatics.tech/blogs/how-much-does-a-postgresql-license-cost"><span style="font-weight: 400;">“But how much does a PostgreSQL license actually cost?” A Frequently Asked Question from Oracle users considering PostgreSQL</span></a></li></ul><h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Videos</span></h2><ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://resources.stormatics.tech/transitioning-oracle-to-postgresql">Webinar: From Oracle to Postgres Understanding Core Differences for a Successful Transition</a></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://resources.stormatics.tech/postgresql-101-for-oracle-database-administrators"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Webinar: PostgreSQL 101 for Oracle DBAs</span></a></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://resources.stormatics.tech/fireside-oracle-to-postgresql-migration"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Fireside Chat: Oracle to PostgreSQL Migration </span></a></li></ul><h2><span style="font-weight: 400;">Packaged Services by Stormatics</span></h2><ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://stormatics.tech/service/oracle-to-postgresql-migration"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Oracle to PostgreSQL Migration Service</span></a></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://stormatics.tech/service/postgresql-training">PostgreSQL Training for Oracle Experts</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="entry-navigation"> <div class="nav-links"> <div class="nav-item nav-post-prev"> <a class="nav-post-label" href="https://stormatics.tech/blogs/what-happens-behind-the-scenes-when-you-modify-a-row-in-postgresql"><i class="caseicon-double-chevron-left"></i>Previous Post</a> <div class="nav-post-holder"> <div class="nav-post-img"> <a href="https://stormatics.tech/blogs/what-happens-behind-the-scenes-when-you-modify-a-row-in-postgresql"><img 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