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<span>Comparison with Seven Summits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comparison_with_Seven_Summits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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searchaux" style="display:none">Second-highest mountains on each continent</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seven_second_summits_map-fr.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Seven_second_summits_map-fr.svg/400px-Seven_second_summits_map-fr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Seven_second_summits_map-fr.svg/600px-Seven_second_summits_map-fr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Seven_second_summits_map-fr.svg/800px-Seven_second_summits_map-fr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1636" data-file-height="831" /></a><figcaption>Location of some of the Seven Second Summits. In this map, <a href="/wiki/Puncak_Trikora" title="Puncak Trikora">Puncak Trikora</a> is indicated, though <a href="/wiki/Puncak_Mandala" title="Puncak Mandala">Puncak Mandala</a> is widely recognised as the taller summit.<sup id="cite_ref-SSSLists_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SSSLists-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Seven Second Summits</b> are the second-highest mountains of each of the seven <a href="/wiki/Continent" title="Continent">continents</a>. All of these mountains are separate peaks rather than a sub-peak of the continents' high point. The Seven Second Summits are considered a harder challenge than the traditional <a href="/wiki/Seven_Summits" title="Seven Summits">Seven Summits</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Horrell_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Horrell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definitions">Definitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seven_Second_Summits&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Definitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Comparison_of_highest_mountains.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Comparison the Seven Second Summits with the Seven Summits and Eight-thousanders."><img alt="Comparison the Seven Second Summits with the Seven Summits and Eight-thousanders." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Comparison_of_highest_mountains.svg/500px-Comparison_of_highest_mountains.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Comparison_of_highest_mountains.svg/750px-Comparison_of_highest_mountains.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Comparison_of_highest_mountains.svg/1000px-Comparison_of_highest_mountains.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="205" /></a><figcaption>Comparison the Seven Second Summits with the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Summits" title="Seven Summits">Seven Summits</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eight-thousanders" class="mw-redirect" title="Eight-thousanders">Eight-thousanders</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>What constitutes a continent is a matter of some dispute among mountaineers seeking to complete this challenge. The main ridge of the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Caucasus" title="Greater Caucasus">Greater Caucasus</a> range is generally considered to form the <a href="/wiki/Boundary_between_Europe_and_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Boundary between Europe and Asia">boundary between Europe and Asia</a>. In that case, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Elbrus" title="Mount Elbrus">Mount Elbrus</a>, (5,642 m (18,510 ft)) situated some 10 km north of the continental divide, is the highest mountain in Europe. Excluding the <a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Mountains" title="Caucasus Mountains">Caucasus Mountains</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mont_Blanc" title="Mont Blanc">Mont Blanc</a> (4,808 m (15,774 ft)) would be Europe's highest mountain. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Australia_(continent)" title="Australia (continent)">Australian continent</a> is defined as comprising the mainland of Australia and proximate islands on the same <a href="/wiki/Continental_shelf" title="Continental shelf">continental shelf</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a>. In the convention of the <a href="/wiki/Continent#Number_of_continents" title="Continent">seven continents</a>, one of the continents is the region of <a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a>, which includes, for example, the mountainous islands of <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>. </p><p>For both the geological and conventional continent, New Guinea's <a href="/wiki/Carstensz_Pyramid" class="mw-redirect" title="Carstensz Pyramid">Carstensz Pyramid</a> (4,884 m (16,024 ft)) is the highest summit. When considering a continent as a continuous landmass surrounded by oceans, mainland Australia would be its own continent, with <a href="/wiki/Mount_Kosciuszko" title="Mount Kosciuszko">Mount Kosciuszko</a> (2,228 m (7,310 ft)) as its highest summit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bass_and_Messner_lists">Bass and Messner lists</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seven_Second_Summits&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Bass and Messner lists"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Seven Second Summits list follows the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Summits" title="Seven Summits">Seven Summits</a> list from <a href="/wiki/Richard_Bass" title="Richard Bass">Richard Bass</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which uses Mount Kosciuszko (2,228 m) to represent the Australian continent's highest summit. <a href="/wiki/Reinhold_Messner" title="Reinhold Messner">Reinhold Messner</a> proposed another list (the Messner or Carstensz list), replacing Mount Kosciuszko with Western New Guinea's <a href="/wiki/Puncak_Jaya" title="Puncak Jaya">Carstensz Pyramid</a>, which is part of Indonesia (4,884 m). Following the Bass list, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Townsend_(Snowy_Mountains)" title="Mount Townsend (Snowy Mountains)">Mount Townsend</a> is the second-highest summit (2,209 m) in <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>. According to the Messner list, <a href="/wiki/Puncak_Mandala" title="Puncak Mandala">Puncak Mandala</a> (4,760 m) on New Guinea is the second <a href="/wiki/List_of_highest_mountains_of_New_Guinea" title="List of highest mountains of New Guinea">highest of the Australian continent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SSSLists_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SSSLists-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Heights of mountain peaks in <a href="/wiki/West_Papua_(region)" class="mw-redirect" title="West Papua (region)">West Papua</a> are poorly established, and <a href="/wiki/Puncak_Trikora" title="Puncak Trikora">Puncak Trikora</a> has been listed as the second-highest summit on the island, but <a href="/wiki/SRTM" class="mw-redirect" title="SRTM">SRTM</a> data do support a higher elevation for Mandala. </p><p>Both lists count <a href="/wiki/Mount_Elbrus" title="Mount Elbrus">Mount Elbrus</a> as the highest peak in Europe. This makes <a href="/wiki/Dykh-Tau" title="Dykh-Tau">Dykh-Tau</a> (5,205 m), located in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, the second-highest summit in Europe. Those who consider <a href="/wiki/Mont_Blanc" title="Mont Blanc">Mont Blanc</a> to be the highest mountain in Europe would consider <a href="/wiki/Monte_Rosa" title="Monte Rosa">Monte Rosa</a> (4,634 m), located between <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, to be the second-highest summit. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>Map all coordinates using</b> <a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/osm4wiki/cgi-bin/wiki/wiki-osm.pl?project=en&article=Seven_Second_Summits">OpenStreetMap</a> <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="show links" data-collapsetext="Hide"> <p><b>Download coordinates as:</b> </p> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/kmlexport?article=Seven_Second_Summits">KML</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://geoexport.toolforge.org/gpx?coprimary=all&titles=Seven_Second_Summits">GPX (all coordinates)</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://geoexport.toolforge.org/gpx?coprimary=primary&titles=Seven_Second_Summits">GPX (primary coordinates)</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://geoexport.toolforge.org/gpx?coprimary=secondary&titles=Seven_Second_Summits">GPX (secondary coordinates)</a></li></ul> </div> </div></div></div> </div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="8">Seven Second Summits (sorted by elevation) </th></tr> <tr> <th width="100">Peak </th> <th width="50">Bass list </th> <th width="50">Messner list </th> <th width="100">Elevation </th> <th width="100"><a href="/wiki/Topographic_prominence" title="Topographic prominence">Prominence</a> </th> <th width="100">Continent </th> <th width="100">Range </th> <th width="100">Country </th> <th width="100">Coordinates </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/K2" title="K2">K2</a> </td> <td align="center">✔ </td> <td align="center">✔ </td> <td align="center">8,611 m (28,251 ft) </td> <td align="center">4,017 m (13,179 ft) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karakoram" title="Karakoram">Karakoram</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> / <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td> <p><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Seven_Second_Summits&params=35_52_52_N_76_30_48_E_&title=K2+%288611+m%29"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">35°52′52″N</span> <span class="longitude">76°30′48″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">35.88111°N 76.51333°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">35.88111; 76.51333</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">K2 (8611 m)</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p><p><br /> </p> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Ojos_del_Salado" title="Ojos del Salado">Ojos del Salado</a> </td> <td align="center">✔ </td> <td align="center">✔ </td> <td align="center">6,893 m (22,615 ft) </td> <td align="center">3,688 m (12,100 ft) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Andes" title="Andes">Andes</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> / <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> </td> <td> <p><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Seven_Second_Summits&params=27_6_34_S_68_32_32_W_&title=Ojos+del+Salado+%286893+m%29"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">27°6′34″S</span> <span class="longitude">68°32′32″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">27.10944°S 68.54222°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-27.10944; -68.54222</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Ojos del Salado (6893 m)</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p><p><br /> </p> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Mount_Logan" title="Mount Logan">Mount Logan</a> </td> <td align="center">✔ </td> <td align="center">✔ </td> <td align="center">5,959 m (19,551 ft) </td> <td align="center">5,250 m (17,224 ft) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saint_Elias_Mountains" title="Saint Elias Mountains">Saint Elias</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> </td> <td> <p><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Seven_Second_Summits&params=60_34_2_N_140_24_10_W_&title=Mount+Logan+%285959+m%29"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">60°34′2″N</span> <span class="longitude">140°24′10″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">60.56722°N 140.40278°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">60.56722; -140.40278</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Mount Logan (5959 m)</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p><p><br /> </p> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Dykh-Tau" title="Dykh-Tau">Dykh-Tau</a> </td> <td align="center">✔ </td> <td align="center">✔ </td> <td align="center">5,205 m (17,077 ft) </td> <td align="center">2,002 m (6,568 ft) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Mountains" title="Caucasus Mountains">Caucasus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td> <p><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Seven_Second_Summits&params=43_3_9_N_43_7_54_E_&title=Dykh-Tau+%285204+m%29"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">43°3′9″N</span> <span class="longitude">43°7′54″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">43.05250°N 43.13167°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">43.05250; 43.13167</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Dykh-Tau (5204 m)</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p><p><br /> </p> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Mount_Kenya" title="Mount Kenya">Mount Kenya</a> </td> <td align="center">✔ </td> <td align="center">✔ </td> <td align="center">5,199 m (17,057 ft) </td> <td align="center">3,825 m (12,549 ft) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a> </td> <td> <p><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Seven_Second_Summits&params=0_6_S_37_12_E_&title=Mount+Kenya+%285199+m%29"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">0°6′S</span> <span class="longitude">37°12′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">0.100°S 37.200°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-0.100; 37.200</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Mount Kenya (5199 m)</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p><p><br /> </p> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Mount_Tyree" title="Mount Tyree">Mount Tyree</a> </td> <td align="center">✔ </td> <td align="center">✔ </td> <td align="center">4,852 m (15,919 ft) </td> <td align="center">1,152 m (3,780 ft) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sentinel_Range" title="Sentinel Range">Sentinel</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td> <p><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Seven_Second_Summits&params=78_24_42_S_85_51_43_W_&title=Mount+Tyree+%284852+m%29"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">78°24′42″S</span> <span class="longitude">85°51′43″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">78.41167°S 85.86194°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-78.41167; -85.86194</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Mount Tyree (4852 m)</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p><p><br /> </p> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Sumantri" title="Sumantri">Sumantri</a> </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center">✔ </td> <td align="center">4,870 m (15,978 ft) </td> <td align="center">2,760 m (9,055 ft) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australia_(continent)" title="Australia (continent)">Australia (continent)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jayawijaya_Mountains" title="Jayawijaya Mountains">Jayawijaya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td> <p><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Seven_Second_Summits&params=4_42_31_S_140_17_21_E_&title=Puncak+Mandala+%284760+m%29"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">4°42′31″S</span> <span class="longitude">140°17′21″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">4.70861°S 140.28917°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-4.70861; 140.28917</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Puncak Mandala (4760 m)</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p><p><br /> </p> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><a href="/wiki/Mount_Townsend_(Snowy_Mountains)" title="Mount Townsend (Snowy Mountains)">Mount Townsend</a> </td> <td align="center">✔ </td> <td align="center"> </td> <td align="center">2,209 m (7,247 ft) </td> <td align="center">189 m (620 ft) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Snowy_Mountains" title="Snowy Mountains">Snowies</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td> <td> <p><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Seven_Second_Summits&params=36_25_S_148_16_E_&title=Mount+Townsend+%282209+m%29"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">36°25′S</span> <span class="longitude">148°16′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">36.417°S 148.267°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-36.417; 148.267</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Mount Townsend (2209 m)</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p><p><br /> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climbing_history">Climbing history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seven_Second_Summits&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Climbing history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Austrians" title="Austrians">Austrian</a> mountaineer <a href="/wiki/Christian_Stangl" title="Christian Stangl">Christian Stangl</a> became the first person to successfully climb the Second Seven Summits.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stangl climbed all possible candidates for the Second Seven Summits quest (<a href="/wiki/K2" title="K2">K2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Logan" title="Mount Logan">Mount Logan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ojos_del_Salado" title="Ojos del Salado">Ojos del Salado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Kenya" title="Mount Kenya">Batian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Tyree" title="Mount Tyree">Mount Tyree</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dykh-Tau" title="Dykh-Tau">Dych Tau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dufourspitze" title="Dufourspitze">Dufourspitze</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sumantri" title="Sumantri">Sumantri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ngga_Pulu" title="Ngga Pulu">Ngga Pulu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puncak_Trikora" title="Puncak Trikora">Puncak Trikora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puncak_Mandala" title="Puncak Mandala">Puncak Mandala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mount_Townsend_(Snowy_Mountains)" title="Mount Townsend (Snowy Mountains)">Mount Townsend</a>) to exclude any errors and to satisfy all geographers. He finished the quest on 15 January 2013 and was certified by <a href="/wiki/Guinness_World_Records" title="Guinness World Records">Guinness World Records</a> on 17 September 2013. Later, he also completed the Challenge for the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Third_Summits" title="Seven Third Summits">Seven Third Summits</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, Jenn Drummond became the first woman to complete the Seven Second Summits with her ascent of Sumantri on October 9, 2024. In total, she summited nine peaks (<a href="/wiki/Ojos_del_Salado" title="Ojos del Salado">Ojos del Salado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Kenya" title="Mount Kenya">Batian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dykh-Tau" title="Dykh-Tau">Dych Tau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Tyree" title="Mount Tyree">Mount Tyree</a>, <a href="/wiki/K2" title="K2">K2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Townsend_(Snowy_Mountains)" title="Mount Townsend (Snowy Mountains)">Mount Townsend</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Logan" title="Mount Logan">Mount Logan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monte_Rosa" title="Monte Rosa">Monte Rosa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sumantri" title="Sumantri">Sumantri</a>) to successfully completed the challenge. She is the first American woman and only the second woman overall to ascend <a href="/wiki/Mount_Tyree" title="Mount Tyree">Mount Tyree</a>, and she is the third American woman to summit <a href="/wiki/K2" title="K2">K2</a>. </p><p>In 2012 the Italian mountaineer <a href="/wiki/Hans_Kammerlander" title="Hans Kammerlander">Hans Kammerlander</a> claimed to be the first person to complete the Seven Second Summits, but doubts were raised about his ascent of Mount Logan.<sup id="cite_ref-FAZ:_Kammerlander_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAZ:_Kammerlander-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A further fraudulent summit claim on Mount Puncak Trikora confirms that Italian Hans Kammerlander never completed the Second Seven Summits series.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comparison_with_Seven_Summits">Comparison with Seven Summits</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seven_Second_Summits&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Comparison with Seven Summits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The presentation of the Second Seven Summits concept and its relative difficulty was first published in January 1997 by <i>Rock and Ice Magazine</i> (#77) in the article <i>The Second Seven Summits</i> written by mountaineer and writer David D. Keaton. Later that year, the author <a href="/wiki/Jon_Krakauer" title="Jon Krakauer">Jon Krakauer</a> in his book <i><a href="/wiki/Into_Thin_Air" title="Into Thin Air">Into Thin Air</a></i> echoed those sentiments by writing that it would be a bigger challenge to climb the second-highest peak of each continent instead of the highest.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the climbing community, mountaineers such as Rob Hall had previously discussed the idea. </p><p>In Asia, <a href="/wiki/K2" title="K2">K2</a> (8,611 m (28,251 ft)) demands greater technical climbing skills than <a href="/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest">Everest</a> (8,848 m (29,029 ft)), while altitude-related factors such as the thinness of the atmosphere, high winds, and low temperatures remain much the same. </p><p>In Africa, the summit of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Kenya" title="Mount Kenya">Mount Kenya</a> (5,199 m (17,057 ft)) is a rock climb, while <a href="/wiki/Mount_Kilimanjaro" title="Mount Kilimanjaro">Mount Kilimanjaro</a> (5,895 m (19,341 ft)) can be ascended without any technical difficulty. </p><p>In North America, some sources<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (October 2016)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> consider <a href="/wiki/Mount_Logan" title="Mount Logan">Mount Logan</a> a more difficult climb than <a href="/wiki/Denali" title="Denali">Denali</a>, although the climbing and outdoor recreation website Summitpost considers Logan no more difficult than Denali because it is neither technical nor steep.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Climber <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Horrell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mark Horrell (page does not exist)">Mark Horrell</a>, in a 2012 post on his blog, considered Mount Logan to be no more difficult technically than Denali, but much more difficult to approach. Denali's base camp, at 2,200 m (7,200 ft) elevation, is regularly served by air, while climbers without the means to charter a plane must tow their supplies by sledge for over 100 km (62 mi) to reach Mount Logan.<sup id="cite_ref-Horrell_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Horrell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In South America, <a href="/wiki/Ojos_del_Salado" title="Ojos del Salado">Ojos del Salado</a> involves a short scramble while <a href="/wiki/Aconcagua" title="Aconcagua">Aconcagua</a> is just a walk.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Horrell acknowledged that Ojos del Salado was more technically difficult, but considered Aconcagua a greater challenge because of physical demands. Aconcagua's base camp, at 4,500 m (14,800 ft), is accessible by mule, but from that point on, climbers must carry all of their supplies to as many as three higher camps before the final ascent. By contrast, Ojos del Salado is accessible by four-wheel-drive vehicles up to 5,200 m (17,100 ft); from that point on, climbers need only carry supplies to a mountain hut at 5,800 m (19,000 ft) before making their final push to the summit.<sup id="cite_ref-Horrell_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Horrell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Europe, <a href="/wiki/Dykh-Tau" title="Dykh-Tau">Dykh-Tau</a> is a considerably harder climb than <a href="/wiki/Mount_Elbrus" title="Mount Elbrus">Mount Elbrus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Horrell, the main route on Elbrus is "long and physically tiring, but it’s not technically difficult," while Dykh-Tau's "easiest is graded at Russian alpine 4B, which involves steep rock sections and 55 degree snow and ice slopes."<sup id="cite_ref-Horrell_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Horrell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Australasia, the continent's Second Summit on the Bass list, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Townsend_(Snowy_Mountains)" title="Mount Townsend (Snowy Mountains)">Mount Townsend</a>, is more challenging than <a href="/wiki/Mount_Kosciuszko" title="Mount Kosciuszko">Mount Kosciuszko</a>, but still just a walk-up.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The normal route on the highest peak of the Messner list, <a href="/wiki/Puncak_Jaya" title="Puncak Jaya">Puncak Jaya</a>, is technically difficult (<a href="/wiki/UIAA" class="mw-redirect" title="UIAA">UIAA</a> grade V+). Of the various candidates for the second summit; <a href="/wiki/Puncak_Mandala" title="Puncak Mandala">Puncak Mandala</a> is extremely challenging with respect to the approach route, which is arguably the more significant problem in climbing the New Guinea peaks. There have been perhaps only two successful approaches (and climbs) reported.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Antarctica, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Vinson" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Vinson">Mount Vinson</a> presents little difficulty beyond normal challenges of Antarctica (the guiding company Adventure Peaks rates the ascent at PD/AD on the <a href="/wiki/Grade_(climbing)#International_French_adjectival_system_(IFAS)" title="Grade (climbing)">Alpine scale</a>), but <a href="/wiki/Mount_Tyree" title="Mount Tyree">Mount Tyree</a> requires technical climbing, and it has been climbed by a total of nineteen people since its discovery. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seven_Second_Summits&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Summits" title="Seven Summits">Seven Summits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Third_Summits" title="Seven Third Summits">Seven Third Summits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcanic_Seven_Summits" title="Volcanic Seven Summits">Volcanic Seven Summits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Poles_Challenge" title="Three Poles Challenge">Three Poles Challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorers_Grand_Slam" class="mw-redirect" title="Explorers Grand Slam">Explorers Grand Slam</a>, also known as The Adventurers Grand Slam</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight-thousander" title="Eight-thousander">Eight-thousander</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seven_Second_Summits&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-SSSLists-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SSSLists_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SSSLists_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">See for example the lists at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.peaklist.org/WWlists/ultras/indonesia.html">peaklist</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.peakbagger.com/range.aspx?rid=70">peakbagger.com</a>, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gunungbagging.com/ribu-categories/sangat-tinggi/">gunungbagging.com</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Horrell-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Horrell_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Horrell_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Horrell_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Horrell_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHorrell2012" class="citation web cs1">Horrell, Mark (February 8, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.markhorrell.com/blog/2012/which-is-harder-the-second-seven-summits-or-the-first-one/">"Which is harder, the Second Seven Summits or the first one?"</a>. <i>Footsteps on the Mountain</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Footsteps+on+the+Mountain&rft.atitle=Which+is+harder%2C+the+Second+Seven+Summits+or+the+first+one%3F&rft.date=2012-02-08&rft.aulast=Horrell&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.markhorrell.com%2Fblog%2F2012%2Fwhich-is-harder-the-second-seven-summits-or-the-first-one%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeven+Second+Summits" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBassFrank_WellsRick_Ridgeway1986" class="citation book cs1">Bass, Dick; Frank Wells; Rick Ridgeway (1986). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sevensummits00bass"><i>Seven Summits</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Warner_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Books">Warner Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-446-51312-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-446-51312-1"><bdi>0-446-51312-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Seven+Summits&rft.pub=Warner+Books&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0-446-51312-1&rft.aulast=Bass&rft.aufirst=Dick&rft.au=Frank+Wells&rft.au=Rick+Ridgeway&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsevensummits00bass&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeven+Second+Summits" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Several other summits of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Carstensz" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Carstensz">Mount Carstensz</a> besides Carstensz Pyramid, like <a href="/wiki/Ngga_Pulu" title="Ngga Pulu">Ngga Pulu</a> (4,862 m) and <a href="/wiki/Carstensz_East" title="Carstensz East">Carstensz East</a> (4,820 or 4,840 m) are higher than both Mandala and Trikora, but because of their low <a href="/wiki/Prominence_(topography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Prominence (topography)">prominence</a> (200–300 m) and <a href="/wiki/Isolation_(topography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Isolation (topography)">isolation</a> (2.2–2.6 km) these are usually not regarded as separate mountains.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJurgalski" class="citation web cs1">Jurgalski, Eberhard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.8000ers.com/cms/en/news-mainmenu-176/1-latest/304-kammerlanderstangl-second-and-third-seven-facts.html">"Kammerlander/Stangl: "Seven Second" and "Third" Facts"</a>. <i>www.8000ers.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.8000ers.com&rft.atitle=Kammerlander%2FStangl%3A+%22Seven+Second%22+and+%22Third%22+Facts&rft.aulast=Jurgalski&rft.aufirst=Eberhard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.8000ers.com%2Fcms%2Fen%2Fnews-mainmenu-176%2F1-latest%2F304-kammerlanderstangl-second-and-third-seven-facts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeven+Second+Summits" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">British Mountaineering Council: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thebmc.co.uk/christian-stangl-completes-the-triple-seven-summits"><i>Christian Stangl completes the Triple Seven Summits</i></a> (english)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">skyrunning.at: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://skyrunning.at/en/content/drei-rekorde-fuer-stangl-london"><i>Three records for Austrian Alpinist Christian Stangl</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131231021716/http://skyrunning.at/en/content/drei-rekorde-fuer-stangl-london">Archived</a> 2013-12-31 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (english)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">climbing.com: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.climbing.com/news/stangl-completes-triple-seven-summits/"><i>Stangl Completes Triple Seven Summits</i></a> by Dougald MacDonald, Climbing (USA) 8/28/13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FAZ:_Kammerlander-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FAZ:_Kammerlander_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andreas Lesti: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.faz.net/aktuell/gesellschaft/bergsteigen-hans-kammerlanders-scharfer-grat-11705997.html?printPagedArticle=true#pageIndex_2"><i>Hans Kammerlanders scharfer Grat</i></a> faz.net 3. April 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://7summits.com/2nd-7summits.php">https://7summits.com/2nd-7summits.php</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation is required to prevent link rot. (August 2024)">bare URL</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ncZ60YGYsE&ab_channel=PhilippJ%C3%BCrgens">"Hans Kammerlander Seven Second Summits Trikora TV version"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i>. 26 November 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Hans+Kammerlander+Seven+Second+Summits+Trikora+TV+version&rft.date=2012-11-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D-ncZ60YGYsE%26ab_channel%3DPhilippJ%25C3%25BCrgens&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeven+Second+Summits" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.8000ers.com/cms/de/news-mainmenu-176/1-latest/304-kammerlanderstangl-second-and-third-seven-facts.html">"Kammerlander/Stangl: "Seven Second" and "Third" Facts"</a>. <i>8000ers.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=8000ers.com&rft.atitle=Kammerlander%2FStangl%3A+%22Seven+Second%22+and+%22Third%22+Facts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.8000ers.com%2Fcms%2Fde%2Fnews-mainmenu-176%2F1-latest%2F304-kammerlanderstangl-second-and-third-seven-facts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeven+Second+Summits" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrakauer1997" class="citation book cs1">Krakauer, Jon (1997). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/intothinairperso00krak"><i>Into Thin Air</i></a></span>. Villard. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-385-49208-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-385-49208-1"><bdi>0-385-49208-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Into+Thin+Air&rft.pub=Villard&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-385-49208-1&rft.aulast=Krakauer&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fintothinairperso00krak&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeven+Second+Summits" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.summitpost.org/mountain/rock/150624/logan-massif.html">"Logan Massif"</a>. <i>Summitpost.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Summitpost.org&rft.atitle=Logan+Massif&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.summitpost.org%2Fmountain%2Frock%2F150624%2Flogan-massif.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeven+Second+Summits" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Biggar: The Andes – A Guide for Climbers, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9536087-2-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-9536087-2-7">0-9536087-2-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bender: Classic Climbs of the Caucasus</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Geehi Bushwalking Club: Snowy Mountains Walks <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9599651-4-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-9599651-4-9">0-9599651-4-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gunungbagging.com/puncak-mandala/">Puncak Mandala</a> at the gunung bagging website</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Mount_Logan" title="Mount Logan">Mount Logan</a></b> (5,959 m or 19,551 ft)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Dykh-Tau" title="Dykh-Tau">Dykh-Tau</a></b> (5,205 m or 17,077 ft)</li> <li><small> or <b><a href="/wiki/Dufourspitze" title="Dufourspitze">Dufourspitze</a></b> (4,634 m or 15,203 ft)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Mount_Kenya" title="Mount Kenya">Mount Kenya</a></b> (5,199 m or 17,057 ft)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antarctica</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Mount_Tyree" title="Mount Tyree">Mount Tyree</a></b> (4,852 m or 15,919 ft)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Puncak_Mandala" title="Puncak Mandala">Puncak Mandala</a></b> (4,760 m or 15,617 ft)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Australia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Mount_Townsend_(Snowy_Mountains)" title="Mount Townsend (Snowy Mountains)">Mount Townsend</a></b> (2,209 m or 7,247 ft)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seven_Second_Summits&oldid=1258611731">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seven_Second_Summits&oldid=1258611731</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Seven_Second_Summits" title="Category:Seven Second Summits">Seven Second Summits</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Seven_Summits" title="Category:Seven Summits">Seven Summits</a></li><li><a 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