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<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Echoes of Empire: Memory, Identity and Colonial Legacies - Google Books</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/books/css/_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb/kl_viewport_kennedy_full_bundle.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet"href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Product+Sans:wght@400"><script src="/books/javascript/v2_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb__en.js"></script><script>_OC_Hooks = ["_OC_Page", "_OC_SearchReload", "_OC_TocReload", "_OC_EmptyFunc", "_OC_SearchPage", "_OC_QuotePage" ];for (var _OC_i = 0; _OC_i < _OC_Hooks.length; _OC_i++) {eval("var " + _OC_Hooks[_OC_i] + ";");}function _OC_InitHooks () {for (var i = 0; i < _OC_Hooks.length; i++) {var func = arguments[i];eval( _OC_Hooks[i] + " = func;");}}</script><link rel="canonical" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Echoes_of_Empire.html?id=T9SLDwAAQBAJ"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://books.google.com/books/about/Echoes_of_Empire.html?id=T9SLDwAAQBAJ"/><meta name="title" content="Echoes of Empire"/><meta name="description" content="How does our colonial past echo through today's global politics? 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Moore-Harell, Egypt\u0026#39;s African Empire: Samuel Baker, Charles Gordon, and the Creation\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=T9SLDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT17\u0026vq=Central"},{"page_id":"PT25","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e government control over the import and export trade. Moreover, the more pressure the colonial authorities put on African chiefs for administrative purposes, the more they undercut the power even of those chiefs who actually\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=T9SLDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT25\u0026vq=Central"},{"page_id":"PT27","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e level by virtue of being first nominated , but then increasingly elected members of colonial legislative and executive councils . As far as the non - settler colonies in Africa were concerned , accelerating wider participation\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=T9SLDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT27\u0026vq=Central"},{"page_id":"PT28","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e tenets of its predecessor , discarding some while retaining other elements of the previously dominant ideas . They were propelled forward when external factors and internal developments , both political and economic , coincided\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=T9SLDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT28\u0026vq=Central"},{"page_id":"PT29","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Africa , a Picture of Exploration , 2 vols ( 1860 ) ; D. Livingstone , The Last Journals of David Livingstone in \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Africa , from 1865 to his Death , ed . H. Waller ( 1874 ) and V. L. Cameron , Across Africa , 2 vols\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=T9SLDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT29\u0026vq=Central"},{"page_id":"PT34","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e parliament until the BJP led by Narendra Modi won a surprise majority in 2014. However, in reality a long process of regionalization had been in motion over decades, in parallel with a gradual decline of the Congress Party from\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT35","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e finance commission appeared to penalize well-governed states while rewarding the non- performers. Interestingly, the protest cut across party lines. However, the tone was one of reform, not a radical break from the federal\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT36","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e development of the eighteenth century, as indeed during most of South Asia\u0026#39;s history, was the growth and autonomy of distinct cultural and historical traditions possessing unique forms of economic and political organization.\u0026#39;4\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT37","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e government, the governors of the virtually independent provinces continued to make serious efforts to obtain offices at the Mughal court\u0026#39;.6 Mughal rule, which was a complex hierarchy of authority, was not a \u0026#39;centralized\u0026#39; state\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT49","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e America . The United States \u0026#39; play for the old Iberian colonial empires remains a permanent source of tension in the relationships between Latin American societies and their powerful neighbour to the north , with the Monroe\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT52","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e power either by dynastic line (inheritance, marriage), by negotiation, or by conquest,8 and the way in which territories enter into the monarchical structure determines the nature of their relationship to the capital. Blood\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT62","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Africa – is sure to condemn any study to complete academic failure; and there is no shortage of historians who have shown just to what extent it is indispensable when studying the Iberian empires to connect the American\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT94","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e tenets which have echoed into modern imperialism : bestowing upon the conquered the blessings of pax and undertaking humanitas ( civilizing mission ) . Pax , often translated into English as \u0026#39; peace \u0026#39; , should more accurately be\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT103","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e government versus that of the money - men in Rome and the City financiers in Britain ; and distinctions between informal and formal imperialism and between interventionist policies aimed at enhancing security and premeditated\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT134","snippet_text":"... polity . In search of alternative sources of collective memory , nationalist scholars like Ziya Gökalp , the founder of Turkish sociology , flagged the \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asian Turkic / ish heritage as a source of egalitarian and \u0026#39; democratic \u0026#39;"},{"page_id":"PT135","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asian tribes and Anatolian empires.17 If this resonated with aspirations on the right to reinstate the Ottomans into the collective memory / consciousness , it spoke too to the growing sense on the left that something was\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT148","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asia, which were generally excluded from the civic structures of imperial Russia and seen as particularly \u0026#39;backward\u0026#39; in the Soviet period. With the possible exception of parts of northern Kazakhstan, few Russians today would\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT149","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asia was \u0026#39;a conquest of Orientals by Orientals\u0026#39;, other observers such as Eugene Schuyler or Francis Skrine viewed Russian imperialism as simply another (perhaps more backward) manifestation of the wider phenomenon of European\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT150","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asia generally saw themselves as Europeans on a civilizing mission , frequently finding parallels with the British experience in India or that of the French in Algeria , whilst peasant settlement in the Steppe and Siberia drew\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT153","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e authority.47 The conflicts which immediately emerged in Tajikistan and the Caucasus were certainly a result of the slackening of \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e control , although in most cases their roots lay in Soviet - era disputes over borders and\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT154","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asia, whose republics were carved out of the territories of Bukhara, Khiva and Russian Turkestan in the 1920s, in a complex process of negotiation between the communist leadership in Moscow and local party cadres. This was not\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT155","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asian society before the national demarcations of 1924 , and the degree to which modern \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asian national identities ( particularly \u0026#39; Uzbek \u0026#39; ) , far from having been \u0026#39; suppressed \u0026#39; in the Soviet period , are at least in\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT156","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asians in Russian cities . 68 In Ukraine , Azerbaijan and Georgia there is now a celebration of the brief periods of \u0026#39; national independence \u0026#39; enjoyed by these regions between 1917 and c.1920-1 ; the Baltic republics meanwhile\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT157","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asian republics in particular is likely to alter profoundly the nature of Russian society by the end of this century: some Russian commentators make alarmist predictions that by 2050 ethnic Russians will be in a minority within\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT158","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asia and the Caucasus it looked rather like British India or French Algeria, and these were consciously identified as \u0026#39;backward\u0026#39;, colonial territories that were never fully assimilated to the Russian \u0026#39;core\u0026#39;, even if the loss of\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT159","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asian Survey , 22 , 2-3 ( 2003 ) , pp . 231-52 . Lt - Gen . M. A. Terentiev , Istoriya Zavoevaniya Srednei Azii ( St Petersburg , 1906 ) ; D. Mackenzie , The Lion of Tashkent : The Career of General M. G. Cherniaev ( Athens , GA\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT160","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asia ( 1889 ) , p . 392 ; E. Schuyler , Turkistan : Notes of a Journey in Russian Turkistan , Khokand , Bukhara , and Kuldja ( 1876 ) , 2 vols ; F. Skrine and E. Denison Ross , The Heart of Asia ( 1899 ) , pp . 408–16 . See N\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT161","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asia in Comparative Perspective \u0026#39; , Slavic Review , 65 , 2 ( 2006 ) , pp . 231-51 ; A. Khalid , \u0026#39; The Soviet Union as an Imperial Formation : A View from \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asia \u0026#39; , in A. L. Stoler , C. McGranahan and P. Perdue ( eds )\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT162","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asia , pp . 125–9 . For a fine satire on this tendency see S. Idiatullin and E. Belov , \u0026#39; Rossiya v kol\u0026#39;tse zla \u0026#39; , Kommersant - Vlast \u0026#39; , 23 October 2006 ( http://www.kommersant.ru/articles/2006/neighbors.html , accessed 5\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT163","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asia : Political Context and Institutional Mediators ( 1940–50 ) \u0026#39; , Kritika , 9 , 1 ( 2008 ) , pp . 169–88 . A. Il\u0026#39;khamov , Etnicheskii Atlas Uzbekistana ( Tashkent , 2002 ) ; see D. A. Alimova , \u0026#39; Neoproverzhimo dokazana\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT164","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asia : Implications of the Global Economic Crisis \u0026#39; , Silk Road Paper , May 2009 ( http://www ... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asian republics since 1991 see R. Pomfret , The \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asian Economies since Independence ( Princeton , NJ , 2006 )\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT182","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Africa in the very year of the publication of that book, 1967. My interest was in African labour migration, in the manner in which Africans from Zambia, Malawi and what was to become Zimbabwe were sucked into migrating to the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT183","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e rather than South Africa and while I was interested in all the conventional concerns of migratory patterns, that is numbers, recruitment systems, controls and so forth, I was also interested in indigenous motivations. Were the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT186","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Africa in the interwar years and the years after World War II, but that seemed to be the experience of many ordinary working-class Scots. We were certainly not connected with those upper social classes who apparently benefitted\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT197","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Africa in the Late Nineteenth Century , with Special Reference to Zimbabwe \u0026#39; , in W. J. Baker and J. A. Mangan ( eds ) , Sport in Africa : Essays in Social History ( New York , NY , 1987 ) , pp . 172–95 . See also \u0026#39; Chivalry\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT200","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e objective . As witnessed by several scholarly , political and journalistic accounts of the time , European integration was inextricably bound up with a Eurafrican project . At the Hague Congress of Europe in 1948 , for instance\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT201","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e importance once this shift of focus is accomplished . We will demonstrate that there is strong evidence to support that Eurafrica and hence the perpetuation of colonialism was instrumental in the actual , diplomatic and\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT219","snippet_text":"... agreement, while there was no agreement with the \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e African , the Eastern and Southern Echoes of Colonialism in Trade Negotiations between the European Union and African, Caribbean and Pacific Countries Emily Jones and Clara Weinhardt."},{"page_id":"PT220","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e African , the Eastern and Southern African and the Pacific regions . In this chapter we explore whether , and to what extent , \u0026#39; echoes of empire \u0026#39; can be found in the recent EPA negotiations . At the rhetorical level , we find\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT227","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e to the EPA negotiating process . If power is absent , or present in equal measure on both sides , then a relationship might be said to be a \u0026#39; partnership \u0026#39; characterized by \u0026#39; free will , equal weight in terms of influence and\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT239","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Bank Governor in O. Chima , \u0026#39; Sanusi : China Is Major Contributor to Africa\u0026#39;s De- Industrialisation \u0026#39; , This Day Live , 13 March 2013 . For an analysis of the relationship between foreign investment and the expansion of\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT245","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e. Europe\u0026#39;s. Three. Imperial. Moments. Dimitar Bechev Europe\u0026#39;s presence and actions in the wider world are hard to grasp without a reflection on the continent\u0026#39;s own diversity. Writing from his perspective as a historian of Europe\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT246","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Europe\u0026#39;s history and its imprint on the present . From Szczecin to Edirne and from Tirana to Tallinn , the \u0026#39; lands between \u0026#39; still carry the seal of the continent\u0026#39;s not - too - distant imperial past and host the relics of\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT248","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Europe was sealed off from the West, especially prior to the détente of the 1970s. In addition, World War II had swept away whatever indigenous traditions of (post-)imperial cosmopolitanism and hybridity that remained: the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT252","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Europe\u0026#39;, which started off the conversation on the pages of the New York Review of Books, four years after the appearance of Solidarity.15 Humanists were in the business of reinventing history, not unlike nationalist ideologues\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT253","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e European revivalism, however, proved very difficult because of multiple impediments: the outstanding frictions amongst the four \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e European countries (e.g. between Hungary and Slovakia), economic incompatibility, the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT254","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Europe\u0026#39;s history.20 The inclusion of East-\u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Europe into the (quasi-)imperial structure, neo- medieval or not, that is the EU of the 2000s raises a number of questions. First of all, what have been the transformative\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT255","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e European countries is visible). In addition, the 2004 enlargement re-established past links once swept away with the collapse of the Habsburg Empire. Now one can easily reach Vienna by hopping on a low-cost flight to Bratislava\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT256","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Europe . Andre Liebich observes that , in contrast to the old EU member states , the newcomers \u0026#39; have displayed extreme reluctance to countenance state- wide multilingualism , federalist arrangements , or , indeed , any form of\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT258","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Europe , what is its role in the outer periphery - the countries of ex - Yugoslavia and Albania which are ... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Europe has become part of the EU the theme of diversity has become more salient than ever for the Union\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT259","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Europe\u0026#39;s fortunes have been shaped for long centuries by imperial rule , and the reminiscences of the Soviet times are still vivid for many . Witness the success of films like Andrzej Wajda\u0026#39;s Katyń ( 2007 ) depicting the brutal\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT260","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Europe , steering clear from essentializing cultural difference , but still highlights institutional legacies , for instance the Habsburg tradition of what is now called \u0026#39; good governance \u0026#39; . J. Rupnik , \u0026#39; The Postcommunist\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT274","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e and Eastern Europe \u0026#39; , Journal of Common Market Studies , 37 , 2 ( 1999 ) pp . 214 , 211-32 . J. Howorth , \u0026#39; The EU as a Global Actor : Grant Strategy for a Global Grand Bargain ? \u0026quot; , Journal of Common Market Studies , 48 , 3\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT293","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e European countries? As Dimitar Bechev discusses in his chapter, these questions have a different connotation in the centre or the periphery of the EU. Conclusion: The Post-Colonial Aspiration or the Redemption of Europe So the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT299","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e . Rituals were the norms governing people\u0026#39;s conduct and were observed by the ancient Chinese in regulating relations with others according to their different roles in society - for instance ruler and subject , father and son or\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT306","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e leadership\u0026#39;s perception of the world situation at the time. Judging from the international hostility that China was facing, the early CCP Chinese leaders believed that the main themes of the times were revolution and war\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT335","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e source or discourse.35 The relative ease with which the Lusitanian-Tropical civilization absorbed the \u0026#39;Other\u0026#39; (non-White, non-Christian) in contrast with Anglo-Saxon racial hierarchies came partly from the non-European (African\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT336","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e actors in the dominant coalition include high-level technocrats – military and civilian, within and outside the state – working in close association with foreign capital. This new elite eliminates electoral competition and\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT343","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asia during the second half of the nineteenth century . 84 This is the case not only of India but also of China and Russia , the other two major emerging powers . As just after its independence almost 200 years ago , Brazil\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT357","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e feature of this discourse is that it places LGBT rights at the heart of an enlightened Judaeo- Christian \u0026#39;West\u0026#39;, which confronts a uniformly homophobic \u0026#39;non-West\u0026#39; \u0026#39;sunk in ignorance, superstition, barbarism, and moral darkness\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT376","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003ecentral\u003c/b\u003e feature of the anti-colonial movements involved the challenging of the boundaries of the political, so today, grass-roots subaltern new social and indigenous movements operate outside orthodox political spheres and focus on\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT388","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Asia , Turkey , Iran and Afghanistan owed their freedom both to vigorous leadership and to their skill in exploiting the balance of power between Russian ambitions to the north and British claims in the south . In the Arabic\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT409","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eCentral\u003c/b\u003e Europe, the European Union often displays a markedly imperial demeanour, not least in its confidence that Europe\u0026#39;s institutions and values are unarguably superior. Not for nothing do the EU\u0026#39;s more sycophantic admirers invoke the\u0026nbsp;..."}],"search_query_escaped":"Central"},{});</script></div></div></div><script>(function() {var href = window.location.href;if (href.indexOf('?') !== -1) {var parameters = href.split('?')[1].split('&');for (var i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {var param = parameters[i].split('=');if (param[0] == 'focus') {var elem = document.getElementById(param[1]);if (elem) {elem.focus();}}}}})();</script>