Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)

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<a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/outpatients/referrals/Pages/default.aspx">Outpatient referral criteria</a> </li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="five columns omega"> <ul /> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="topli"> <a class="toplink" href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/research-hub/pages/default.aspx">Research</a> <div class="container mmshadow internal-nav"> <div class="mmcontent"> <div class="eleven columns alpha"> <h2> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/research-hub">Research</a> </h2> <ul> <li> <a href="https://www.medicalresearch.nsw.gov.au/">NSW Health and Medical Research</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/innovation/Pages/portal.aspx">Healthcare innovation portal</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/services/technology/Pages/default.aspx">New health technologies</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/humantissue/Pages/default.aspx">Human tissue</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/data/Pages/default.aspx">Open data</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.healthstats.nsw.gov.au/">HealthStats NSW</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/research/pages/default.aspx">Population health research and evaluation</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/epidemiology/Pages/default.aspx">Epidemiology and evidence</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/surveys/Pages/default.aspx">NSW population health surveys</a> </li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="five columns omega"> <ul /> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="topli"> <a class="toplink" href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/publications/Pages/default.aspx">Publications</a> <div class="container mmshadow internal-nav"> <div class="mmcontent"> <div class="eleven columns alpha"> <h2> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/publications/pages/publications_and_resources.aspx">Publications</a> </h2> <ul> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/publications/pages/publications.aspx">Latest publications</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/factsheets/Pages/default.aspx">Fact sheets</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.mhcs.health.nsw.gov.au/publications">Multilingual resources</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/reports/pages/default.aspx">Reports</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/sabs/pages/default.aspx">Safety alerts</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/Pages/rss.aspx">RSS feeds</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/policies/manuals/Pages/default.aspx">Policy and procedure manuals</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www1.health.nsw.gov.au/pds/Pages/pdslanding.aspx">Policy directives, guidelines and information bulletins</a> </li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="five columns omega"> <ul /> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="topli"> <a class="toplink" href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/media/pages/default.aspx">Media</a> <div class="container mmshadow internal-nav"> <div class="mmcontent"> <div class="eleven columns alpha"> <h2> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/media">Media</a> </h2> <ul> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/news">Media releases</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/NSWHealth">X (formerly Twitter)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://facebook.com/NewSouthWalesHealth">Facebook</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://au.linkedin.com/company/nsw-health">LinkedIn</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/newsouthwaleshealth/">Instagram</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@nswhealth">TikTok</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/NewSouthWalesHealth/featured">YouTube</a> </li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="five columns omega"> <ul /> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="topli"> <a class="toplink" href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/about/Pages/default.aspx">About</a> <div class="container mmshadow internal-nav"> <div class="mmcontent"> <div class="eleven columns alpha"> <h2> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/about">About</a> </h2> <ul> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/about/nswhealth">NSW Health</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/priorities/Pages/default.aspx">Strategic directions</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/pages/contact.aspx">Contact us</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/about/ministry">NSW Ministry of Health</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/regional/Pages/default.aspx">Regional health</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/business/pages/default.aspx">Engaging with NSW Health</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/lhd/pages/default.aspx">Local health districts</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/about/nswhealth/Pages/future-health.aspx">Future Health</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/careers/ministry/Pages/default.aspx">Working at the Ministry of Health</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/about/history">History of medical administration in NSW</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/netzero/pages/default.aspx">Climate risk and net zero</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/about/ministry/Pages/our-people.aspx">Our people</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/gipaa/pages/default.aspx">Government Information Public Access Act (GIPA)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/workforce/dib/pages/default.aspx">Diversity Inclusion Belonging</a> </li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="five columns omega"> <ul /> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="topli last"> <a class="toplink" href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/ministers/Pages/default.aspx">Ministers</a> <div class="container mmshadow internal-nav"> <div class="mmcontent"> <div class="eleven columns alpha"> <h2> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/ministers">Ministers</a> </h2> <ul> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/ministers/Pages/health.aspx">The Hon. Ryan Park MP</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/ministers/Pages/mentalhealth.aspx">The Hon. Rose Jackson, MLC</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/ministers/Pages/medical-research.aspx">The Hon. David Harris, MP</a> </li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="five columns omega"> <ul /> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul></div></div> </nav>  </div> </header> <div id="printHeader"> </div>  <div class="clearfix"></div> <div id="maincontent">   <nav class="breadwrapper twelve columns offset-by-four" aria-label="breadcrumb"> <ul id="ctl00_PlaceHolderTitleBreadcrumbInner_SimpleSiteMapPath1" class="breadcrumbs"> <li><a title="Home" href="/Pages/default.aspx">Home</a></li><li><img src='/Style%20Library/Design/NSWHealth-bullet-breadcrumb.gif' alt='arrow' /></li><li><a href="/Infectious/Pages/default.aspx">Infectious diseases</a></li><li><img src='/Style%20Library/Design/NSWHealth-bullet-breadcrumb.gif' alt='arrow' /></li><li><a href="/Infectious/diseases/Pages/default.aspx">Diseases</a></li><li><img src='/Style%20Library/Design/NSWHealth-bullet-breadcrumb.gif' alt='arrow' /></li><li>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)</li> </ul> </nav>   <div class="four columns leftnavwrapper"> <nav> <div id="zz1_QuickLaunchMenu" class="leftnav noindex ms-core-listMenu-verticalBox"> <ul id="zz2_RootAspMenu" class="root ms-core-listMenu-root depth-0"> <li class="selected first even"> <a class="selected menu-item ms-core-listMenu-item ms-displayInline ms-core-listMenu-selected ms-navedit-linkNode" href="/Infectious/diseases/Pages/default.aspx"> <span class="additional-background ms-navedit-flyoutArrow"> <span class="menu-item-text">A-Z of infectious diseases</span> <span class="ms-hidden">Currently selected</span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="odd nav-hidden"> <a class="menu-item ms-core-listMenu-item ms-displayInline ms-navedit-linkNode" href="/Infectious/factsheets/Pages/default.aspx"> <span class="additional-background ms-navedit-flyoutArrow"> <span class="menu-item-text">Fact sheets</span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="even nav-hidden"> <a class="menu-item ms-core-listMenu-item ms-displayInline ms-navedit-linkNode" href="/Infectious/controlguideline/Pages/default.aspx"> <span class="additional-background ms-navedit-flyoutArrow"> <span class="menu-item-text">Control guidelines</span> </span> </a> </li> <li class="last odd nav-hidden"> <a class="menu-item ms-core-listMenu-item ms-displayInline ms-navedit-linkNode" href="/Infectious/covid-19/Pages/default.aspx"> <span class="additional-background ms-navedit-flyoutArrow"> <span class="menu-item-text">COVID-19 (Coronavirus)</span> </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div>   <h1 class="pagetitle"> Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) </h1>    <div class="eight columns maincontent" role="main"> <div id="ContentHtml1Zone1" class="AspNet-WebPartZone-Vertical"> </div> <div id="ctl00_PlaceHolderMain_contentc1_label" style='display:none'>Content 1</div><div id="ctl00_PlaceHolderMain_contentc1__ControlWrapper_RichHtmlField" class="ms-rtestate-field" style="display:inline" aria-labelledby="ctl00_PlaceHolderMain_contentc1_label"><h2><a name="top" id="top"></a>On this page</h2><ol class="moh-rteStyle-Anchorlink"><li><a href="#facts">Key facts</a></li><li><a href="#global">Global situation</a></li><li><a href="#travel">Travel advice</a></li><li><a href="#hospitals">Hospital outbreaks</a></li></ol><h2><a name="facts" id="facts"></a>Key facts</h2><ul><li>MERS is a severe respiratory disease caused by MERS-coronavirus (MERS‐CoV), a new virus first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012.</li><li>Typical MERS symptoms include fever, cough and shortness of breath.</li><li>Pneumonia is common but not always present. Gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea, have also been reported.</li><li>Travellers to the Middle East have acquired the infection after exposure to infected animals, animal products or human cases (such as in a health care setting).</li></ul><p>For more information, read the <a href="/Infectious/factsheets/Pages/MERS-coronavirus.aspx">MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) fact sheet</a>.</p><h2><a name="global" id="global"></a>Global situation</h2><ul><li>At the end of October 2021, a total of 2578 laboratory-confirmed cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), including 888 associated deaths were reported globally. The majority of these cases were reported from Saudi Arabia, which had 2178 cases including 810 related deaths.</li><li>Additional cases of MERS-CoV infection are expected to be reported from the Middle East and sporadic cases will continue to be exported from there to other countries by travellers.</li><li>To date, no cases have been associated with Hajj.</li></ul><p>For more information about MERS in the Middle East, refer to <a class="moh-rteStyle-Externallink" href="http://www.emro.who.int/health-topics/mers-cov/mers-outbreaks.html" target="_blank">WHO - Middle East respiratory syndrome updates</a>.</p><h2><a name="travel" id="travel"></a>Travel advice</h2><p>WHO have provided <a class="moh-rteStyle-Externallink" href="https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/10665-271410" target="_blank">Travel advice for people making pilgrimages in Saudi Arabia</a>.</p><p>NSW Health also provides <a href="/Infectious/factsheets/Pages/hajj-travel-advice.aspx">Hajj travel advice</a> with information for pilgrims travelling to Saudi Arabia to perform the Hajj or Umrah.</p><p>Also note the Australian Government's Smartraveller <a class="moh-rteStyle-Externallink" href="http://smartraveller.gov.au/Countries/middle-east/Pages/saudi_arabia.aspx" target="_blank">Travel advice for Saudi Arabia</a> and the Australian Department of Health <a class="moh-rteStyle-Externallink" href="https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/ohp-mers-travel" target="_blank">Information for travellers about MERS</a>.</p><h3>Risk from camels</h3><p>Camels in the Middle East are suspected to be the primary source of infection for humans.</p><p>Travellers in the Middle East should:</p><ul><li>avoid all contact with camels </li><li>not drink raw camel milk or camel urine</li><li>not eat camel meat unless it has been properly cooked.</li></ul><h2><a name="hospitals" id="hospitals"></a>Hospital outbreaks</h2><p>MERS-CoV does not seem to pass easily from person to person but transmission is more likely in certain settings, such as occurs when providing unprotected care to a patient.</p><p>Hospitals outbreaks of MERS-CoV are well known, making the strict and timely application of appropriate infection prevention and control measures vital.</p> </div> <div id="ContentHtml1Zone2" class="AspNet-WebPartZone-Vertical"> </div> <div id="ctl00_PlaceHolderMain_contentc2_label" style='display:none'>Content 2</div><div id="ctl00_PlaceHolderMain_contentc2__ControlWrapper_RichHtmlField" class="ms-rtestate-field" style="display:inline" aria-labelledby="ctl00_PlaceHolderMain_contentc2_label"></div> <div> <div class='lastupdatedwrapper'> <div class='lastupdated'>Current as at: Tuesday 2 May 2023</div> <div class='pageowner'>Contact page owner: <a href='#' onclick='location.href="/pages/feedback.aspx?mode=page&url=" + encodeURIComponent(location.href) + "&owner=" + encodeURIComponent("TU9ILUNEQlBvbGljeUBoZWFsdGgubnN3Lmdvdi5hdQ==");'>Vaccine Preventable Diseases</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div style='display:none' id='hidZone'><menu class="ms-hide"> </menu></div>   <div class="four columns rightnav" role="complementary"> <div id="ContentHtml5Zone1" class="AspNet-WebPartZone-Vertical"> <div class="AspNet-WebPart"> <div id="ctl00_ctl51_g_8dece202_6cbc_4f81_9def_d8e4ac7f18fa"> <div class="landingbox autoheight"> <img src="/PublishingImages/Health Icons/healthicon29.png" alt="" /> <h2>Resources</h2> <ul class="boxbody"> <li> <a href="/Infectious/factsheets/Pages/MERS-coronavirus.aspx">MERS-CoV fact sheet</a> </li> <li> <a href="/Infectious/controlguideline/Pages/MERS-coronavirus.aspx">Control guideline</a> </li> <li> <a href="/Infectious/factsheets/Pages/hajj-travel-advice.aspx">Hajj/Umrah travel advice</a> </li> <li> <a href="/Infectious/diseases/Pages/travel-poster-english.aspx">Travel alert posters</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/ohp-mers-info-card.htm" class="moh-rteStyle-Externallink" target="_blank">Information card for travellers about MERS</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="ctl00_PlaceHolderRight_contentr1_label" style='display:none'>Content 3</div><div id="ctl00_PlaceHolderRight_contentr1__ControlWrapper_RichHtmlField" class="ms-rtestate-field" style="display:inline" aria-labelledby="ctl00_PlaceHolderRight_contentr1_label"></div> <div id="ContentHtml5Zone2" class="AspNet-WebPartZone-Vertical"> <div class="AspNet-WebPart"> <div id="ctl00_ctl51_g_2a8173f6_ceff_43e2_acbe_37b8f0955c55"> <div class="landingbox"> <img src="/PublishingImages/Health Icons/healthicon10.png" alt="" /> <h2>Related links</h2> <ul class="boxbody"> <li> <a href="https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/ohp-MERS" class="moh-rteStyle-Externallink" target="_blank">Australian Department of Health - MERS</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.who.int/health-topics/middle-east-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-mers#tab=tab_1" class="moh-rteStyle-Externallink" target="_blank">WHO - MERS</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/mers/index.html" class="moh-rteStyle-Externallink" target="_blank">USCDC - MERS</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="ctl00_PlaceHolderRight_contentr2_label" style='display:none'>Content 4</div><div id="ctl00_PlaceHolderRight_contentr2__ControlWrapper_RichHtmlField" class="ms-rtestate-field" style="display:inline" aria-labelledby="ctl00_PlaceHolderRight_contentr2_label"></div> </div>  </div>  </div>  </div>  <div class="push"></div> </div>   <div id="footer"><footer> <div class="container"> <div class="footertop" role="navigation"> <div class="footerlinks"> <div class="footerlinks-column-1 footerlinks-column one-sixth column"> <h6>Patients and public</h6> <ul class="footerlinks-list-1"> <li class="footerlinks-list-item first even"> <a href="https://parking.health.nsw.gov.au/">Find a public hospital</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item odd"> <a href="https://www.emergencywait.health.nsw.gov.au/">ED waiting times</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item even"> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/patients/pages/default.aspx">Patient care</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item last odd"> <a href="https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/">healthdirect Australia</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footerlinks-column-2 footerlinks-column one-sixth column"> <h6>NSW Health</h6> <ul class="footerlinks-list-1"> <li class="footerlinks-list-item first even"> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/about/nswhealth/pages/structure.aspx">Our structure</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item odd"> <a href="/lhd/Pages/default.aspx">Local health districts</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item even"> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/ministers/Pages/default.aspx">Your Ministers</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item last odd"> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/about/nswhealth/Pages/future-health.aspx">Future Health</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footerlinks-column-3 footerlinks-column one-sixth column"> <h6>Publications</h6> <ul class="footerlinks-list-1"> <li class="footerlinks-list-item first even"> <a href="https://www1.health.nsw.gov.au/pds/Pages/pdslanding.aspx">Policies and guidelines</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item odd"> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/factsheets/Pages/default.aspx">Fact sheets</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item even"> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/Infectious/controlguideline/pages/default.aspx">Control guidelines</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item last odd"> <a href="https://www.mhcs.health.nsw.gov.au/publications">Multilingual resources</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footerlinks-column-4 footerlinks-column one-sixth column"> <h6>Popular links</h6> <ul class="footerlinks-list-1"> <li class="footerlinks-list-item first even"> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/Pages/a2z.aspx">Health topics from A to Z</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item odd"> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/Infectious/covid-19/Pages/default.aspx">COVID-19 (Coronavirus)</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item even"> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/mentalhealth/pages/default.aspx">Mental health</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item last odd"> <a href="/oralhealth/Pages/default.aspx">Public dental services</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footerlinks-column-5 footerlinks-column one-sixth column"> <h6>Careers</h6> <ul class="footerlinks-list-1"> <li class="footerlinks-list-item first even"> <a href="https://jobs.health.nsw.gov.au/">Search for a job</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item odd"> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/jmo/pages/default.aspx">JMO recruitment</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item even"> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/careers/conditions/pages/default.aspx">Awards and conditions</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item last odd"> <a href="https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/careers/imagine-rural/Pages/default.aspx">Imagine Rural</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footerlinks-column-6 footerlinks-column one-sixth column"> <h6>Campaigns</h6> <ul class="footerlinks-list-1"> <li class="footerlinks-list-item first even"> <a href="/Infectious/respiratory/Pages/default.aspx">Respiratory illness</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item odd"> <a href="/infectious/sepsis/pages/default.aspx">Could it be sepsis?</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item even"> <a href="/immunisation/app/pages/default.aspx">Childhood vaccinations</a> </li> <li class="footerlinks-list-item last odd"> <a href="/tobacco/Pages/vaping.aspx">Vaping toolkit</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <p id="acknowledgement">NSW Health acknowledges the people of the many traditional countries and language groups of New South Wales. 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Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)