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<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>IPE - Wiktionary, the free dictionary</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwiktionarymwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"6910c5db-5963-4ab6-b93d-97fab9f8a1f6","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"IPE","wgTitle":"IPE","wgCurRevisionId":68472409,"wgRevisionId":4695011,"wgArticleId":1102740,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages with module errors"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"IPE","wgRelevantArticleId":1102740,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wiktionary","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"}, "wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":200,"ScribuntoErrors":{"a7be5d0b":true,"df934f30":true,"e35b9395":true,"ed4a4b54":true},"ScribuntoErrors-a7be5d0b": "\u003Cp\u003ELua error in Module:parameters at [[Module:parameters#L-610|line 610]]: Parameter 1 must be a valid language or etymology language code; the value \"I.-P.-E.\" is not valid. See [[WT:LOL]] and [[WT:LOL/E]].\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBacktrace:\u003C/p\u003E\u003Col class=\"scribunto-trace\"\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E[C]\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"error\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l610\"\u003EModule:parameters:610\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"convert_val_error\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l726\"\u003EModule:parameters:726\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(tail call)\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(tail call)\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l956\"\u003EModule:parameters:956\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"convert_val\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l1468\"\u003EModule:parameters:1468\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"process\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:see\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l11\"\u003EModule:see:11\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"parse_args\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:see\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l105\"\u003EModule:see:105\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"chunk\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Emw.lua:527\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E[C]\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E" ,"ScribuntoErrors-df934f30": "\u003Cp\u003ELua error in Module:parameters at [[Module:parameters#L-610|line 610]]: Parameter 1 must be a valid language or etymology language code; the value \"French\" is not valid. See [[WT:LOL]] and [[WT:LOL/E]].\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBacktrace:\u003C/p\u003E\u003Col class=\"scribunto-trace\"\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E[C]\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"error\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l610\"\u003EModule:parameters:610\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"convert_val_error\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l726\"\u003EModule:parameters:726\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(tail call)\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(tail call)\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l956\"\u003EModule:parameters:956\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"convert_val\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l1468\"\u003EModule:parameters:1468\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(tail call)\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameter_utilities\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l1409\"\u003EModule:parameter_utilities:1409\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"parse_term_with_inline_modifiers_and_separate_params\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:etymology/templates\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l293\"\u003EModule:etymology/templates:293\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"chunk\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Emw.lua:527\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E[C]\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E" ,"ScribuntoErrors-e35b9395": "\u003Cp\u003ELua error in Module:parameters at [[Module:parameters#L-610|line 610]]: Parameter 1 must be a valid language or etymology language code; the value \"I.-P.-E.\" is not valid. See [[WT:LOL]] and [[WT:LOL/E]].\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBacktrace:\u003C/p\u003E\u003Col class=\"scribunto-trace\"\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E[C]\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"error\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l610\"\u003EModule:parameters:610\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"convert_val_error\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l726\"\u003EModule:parameters:726\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(tail call)\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(tail call)\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l956\"\u003EModule:parameters:956\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"convert_val\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l1468\"\u003EModule:parameters:1468\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"process\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:labels/templates/show_from\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l32\"\u003EModule:labels/templates/show_from:32\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"chunk\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Emw.lua:527\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E[C]\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E[C]\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"getAllExpandedArguments\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Emw.lua:196\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E[C]\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"pairs\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l1310\"\u003EModule:parameters:1310\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(tail call)\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:form_of/templates\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l629\"\u003EModule:form_of/templates:629\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"chunk\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Emw.lua:527\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E[C]\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E" ,"ScribuntoErrors-ed4a4b54": "\u003Cp\u003ELua error in Module:parameters at [[Module:parameters#L-610|line 610]]: Parameter 1 must be a valid language or etymology language code; the value \"I.-P.-E.\" is not valid. See [[WT:LOL]] and [[WT:LOL/E]].\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBacktrace:\u003C/p\u003E\u003Col class=\"scribunto-trace\"\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E[C]\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"error\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l610\"\u003EModule:parameters:610\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"convert_val_error\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l726\"\u003EModule:parameters:726\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(tail call)\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(tail call)\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l956\"\u003EModule:parameters:956\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"convert_val\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameters\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l1468\"\u003EModule:parameters:1468\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(tail call)\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:parameter_utilities\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l1409\"\u003EModule:parameter_utilities:1409\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: in function \"parse_term_with_inline_modifiers_and_separate_params\"\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Module:form_of/templates\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l396\"\u003EModule:form_of/templates:396\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E(tail call)\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Emw.lua:527\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E[C]\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E" 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id="toc-French" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#French"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>French</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-French-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle French subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-French-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lua_error_in_Module:parameters_at_line_610:_Parameter_1_must_be_a_valid_language_or_etymology_language_code;_the_value_"French"_is_not_valid._See_WT:LOL_and_WT:LOL/E." class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lua_error_in_Module:parameters_at_line_610:_Parameter_1_must_be_a_valid_language_or_etymology_language_code;_the_value_"French"_is_not_valid._See_WT:LOL_and_WT:LOL/E."> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span><span>Lua error in Module:parameters at line 610: Parameter 1 must be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "French" is not valid. 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title="Special:Contributions/70.55.87.49" data-mw-revid="4695011"><bdi>70.55.87.49</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=User_talk:70.55.87.49&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:70.55.87.49 (page does not exist)">talk</a>)</span> as of 07:01, 6 June 2008.</div><div id="mw-revision-nav">(diff) ← Older revision | <a href="/wiki/IPE" title="IPE">Latest revision</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=IPE&diff=cur&oldid=4695011" title="IPE">diff</a>) | <a href="/w/index.php?title=IPE&direction=next&oldid=4695011" title="IPE">Newer revision →</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=IPE&diff=next&oldid=4695011" title="IPE">diff</a>)</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-a7be5d0b">Lua error in Module:parameters at <a href="/wiki/Module:parameters#L-610" title="Module:parameters">line 610</a>: Parameter 1 must be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "I.-P.-E." is not valid. See <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:LOL" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:LOL">WT:LOL</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:LOL/E" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:LOL/E">WT:LOL/E</a>.</span></strong> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="French">French</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lua_error_in_Module:parameters_at_line_610:_Parameter_1_must_be_a_valid_language_or_etymology_language_code;_the_value_"French"_is_not_valid._See_WT:LOL_and_WT:LOL/E."><span id="Lua_error_in_Module:parameters_at_line_610:_Parameter_1_must_be_a_valid_language_or_etymology_language_code.3B_the_value_.22French.22_is_not_valid._See_WT:LOL_and_WT:LOL.2FE."></span><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-df934f30">Lua error in Module:parameters at <a href="/wiki/Module:parameters#L-610" title="Module:parameters">line 610</a>: Parameter 1 must be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "French" is not valid. See <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:LOL" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:LOL">WT:LOL</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:LOL/E" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:LOL/E">WT:LOL/E</a>.</span></strong></h3></div> <dl><dt>IPE</dt></dl> <ol><li><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-ed4a4b54">Lua error in Module:parameters at <a href="/wiki/Module:parameters#L-610" title="Module:parameters">line 610</a>: Parameter 1 must be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "I.-P.-E." is not valid. See <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:LOL" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:LOL">WT:LOL</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:LOL/E" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiktionary:LOL/E">WT:LOL/E</a>.</span></strong></li></ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=IPE&oldid=4695011">https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=IPE&oldid=4695011</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden category: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_module_errors" title="Category:Pages with module errors">Pages with module errors</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 6 June 2008, at 07:01.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Definitions and other text are available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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