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id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_uz.wikipedia.org&uselang=uz" class=""><span>Loyihaga koʻmak</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Maxsus:CreateAccount&returnto=Ko%CA%BBrgazma" title="Bu majburiyat mavjud boʻlmasa-da, hisob yaratishingiz va tizimga kirishingiz tavsiya etiladi." class=""><span>Hisob yaratish</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Maxsus:UserLogin&returnto=Ko%CA%BBrgazma" title="Bu majburiyat mavjud bo‘lmasa-da, kirishingiz taklif qilinadi. 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href="#Manbalar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Manbalar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manbalar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Mundarija" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" 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mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 ta til</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%B6" title="معرض – arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معرض" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esposici%C3%B3n" title="Esposición – asturiy" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Esposición" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C9%99rgi" title="Sərgi – ozarbayjon" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sərgi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ozarbayjon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Выстаўка – belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Выстаўка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Изложение – bolgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Изложение" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bolgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposici%C3%B3_(esdeveniment)" title="Exposició (esdeveniment) – katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Exposició (esdeveniment)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BDstava" title="Výstava – chex" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Výstava" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chex" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Курав – chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Курав" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udstilling" title="Udstilling – dan" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Udstilling" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ausstellung" title="Ausstellung – nemischa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ausstellung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemischa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhibition" title="Exhibition – inglizcha" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Exhibition" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglizcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekspozicio" title="Ekspozicio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ekspozicio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposici%C3%B3n" title="Exposición – ispancha" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Exposición" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ispancha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A4itus" title="Näitus – estoncha" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Näitus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoncha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erakusketa" title="Erakusketa – bask" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erakusketa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bask" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87" title="نمایشگاه – fors" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نمایشگاه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="fors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A4yttely" title="Näyttely – fincha" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Näyttely" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tentoanstelling" title="Tentoanstelling – g‘arbiy friz" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Tentoanstelling" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="g‘arbiy friz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%94" title="תערוכה – ivrit" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תערוכה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izlo%C5%BEba" title="Izložba – xorvat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Izložba" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="xorvat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pameran" title="Pameran – indonez" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pameran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonez" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mostra" title="Mostra – italyan" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mostra" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italyan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Көрме – qozoqcha" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Көрме" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="qozoqcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%A8" title="ವಸ್ತುಪ್ರದರ್ಶನ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವಸ್ತುಪ್ರದರ್ಶನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%8B%9C%ED%9A%8C" title="전시회 – koreyscha" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전시회" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreyscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhibitio" title="Exhibitio – lotincha" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Exhibitio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="lotincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paroda" title="Paroda – litva" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Paroda" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izst%C4%81de" title="Izstāde – latishcha" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Izstāde" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latishcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tentoonstelling" title="Tentoonstelling – niderland" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tentoonstelling" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utstilling" title="Utstilling – norveg-nyunorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Utstilling" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveg-nyunorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utstilling" title="Utstilling – norveg-bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Utstilling" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveg-bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B4" title="نمائش – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نمائش" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposi%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Exposição – portugalcha" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Exposição" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expozi%C8%9Bie" title="Expoziție – rumincha" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Expoziție" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Выставка – ruscha" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Выставка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izlo%C5%BEba" title="Izložba – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Izložba" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhibition" title="Exhibition – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Exhibition" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BDstava" title="Výstava – slovakcha" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Výstava" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razstava" title="Razstava – slovencha" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Razstava" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovencha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izlo%C5%BEba" title="Izložba – serbcha" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Izložba" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utst%C3%A4llning" title="Utställning – shved" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Utställning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="shved" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF" title="பொருட்காட்சி – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பொருட்காட்சி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="ఎగ్జిబిషన్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఎగ్జిబిషన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3" title="นิทรรศการ – tay" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นิทรรศการ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Виставка – ukrain" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Виставка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tri%E1%BB%83n_l%C3%A3m" title="Triển lãm – vyetnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Triển lãm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vyetnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B1%95%E8%A6%BD%E6%9C%83" title="展覽會 – xitoy" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="展覽會" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xitoy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B1%95%E8%A6%BD" title="展覽 – kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="展覽" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q464980#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Tillararo ishoratlarni tahrirlash" class="wbc-editpage">Ishoratlarni tahrirla</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> 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.ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 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data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>Bu maqolada <a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:Ichki_havolalar" title="Vikipediya:Ichki havolalar">ichki havolalar</a> juda kam</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Matnga aloqador ichki havolalar qoʻshib <a class="external text" href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ko%CA%BBrgazma&action=edit">yordam qiling</a>.</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Koʻrgazma</b> — insonning moddiy va maʼnaviy faoliyati sohalaridagi yutuqlarni ommaviy namoyish etish. Hozirgi zamon K.lari maqsadlariga koʻra, savdo K.lari (asosan, tijorat maqsadida uyushtiriladi), maʼrifiy-targʻibiy (informatsion) K.lar (badiiy, ilmiy-texnika, sanoat, transport va boshqa sohalardagi yutuqlarni targʻib qilish); davriyligiga koʻra, muntazam oʻtkaziluvchi (har yili, bir, ikki, uch yilda bir marta va hokazo), nomuntazam oʻtkaziluvchi (yubileylar, kongresslar, qurultoylar yoki biror boshqa munosabat bilan), doimiy ishlaydigan K.lar; namoyish etiladigan ekspovatlar mazmuniga k oʻ r a, iqtisodiyotning barcha tarmoqlari, fan, texnika va madaniyat sohalaridagi yutuqlar va mahsulotlar namoyish qilinadigan universal K., sanoat, qishloq xoʻjaligi, sanʼat va boshqalarning bir yoki bir necha yondosh tarmoqlarini qamrab oluvchi ixtisoslashgan K.lar; qatnashchilari tarkibiga koʻra, jahon, xalqaro, milliy, mintaqaviy va boshqalarga boʻlinadi. </p><p>Dastlabki sodda shakldagi K.lar miloddan avvalgi 2—1-asrlarda Bobil, Finikiya, Misr, Yunoniston, Rim kabi davlatlarda ayrim liniy xalq, bairamlarida oʻtkazilgan. Hozirgi mazmundagi K. Yevropada 16-asr oxirida paydo boʻldi. Yirik korxona (manufaktura)larning vujudga kelishi bilan mahalliy savdo K.lari paydo boʻldi. Bunday K.lar Parij (1763-yil), Drezden (1765-yil), Berlin (1786-yil), Myunxen (1818 i.) va Manchesterda (1843) tashkil qilingan edi. Manufaktura tizimidan mashinalashgan ishlab chiqarish tizimiga hamda umumilliy bozor muno-sabatlariga oʻtish davrlarida K.larning ahamiyati, ayniqsa, katta boʻldi. Ularda texnika sohasidagi yangiliklar ham namoyish etila boshladi. 18-asrning 60-yillaridan boshlab yirik umummilliy savdo-sanoat K.lari vujudga keldi. Shunday K.lar London (1761, 1767), Myunxen (1788), Peterburg (1829)da uyushtiriddi. K.larda savdo bitimlari tuzilar, iqtisodiy aloqalar yoʻlga qoʻyilar edi. </p><p>Umummilliy K.lar hozirgi paytda ham oʻz ahamiyatini yoʻqotmagan va jahondagi koʻpgina mamlakatlarda muntazam oʻtkaziladi. Milliy K.lar chet ellarda mamlakatlar oʻrtasida kelishuvga koʻra tashkil etiladi. Ayrim milliy K.lar savdo K.lari koʻrinishida (mas, AQShning London, Milan, Parij, Tokio va boshqa shaharlardagi savdo markazlari); namoyish zallari koʻrinishida tashkil etiladi. </p><p>19-asr 2-yarmidan boshlab xalqaro sanoat K.lari munosabati bilan maxsus pavilon va inshootlar qurila boshladi. Ularning oʻzi ham K.lar oʻtkazish jarayonida ekspovat vazifasini oʻtaydigan boʻldi (Londondagi Billur saroy, Parijdagi "Mashinalar galereyasi", 1889) va boshqa Keyinchalik pavilon, ekspovatlar joylashtirilgan maydonlar suv havzalari, favvora, gulzor, koʻkalamzorashtirilgan atrof muhit bilan uygʻunlashgan meʼmorlik majmuasiga aylantirildi. Xalqaro K.lar pavilonlari meʼmorligi har bir mamlakat ekspozitsiyasining gʻoyaviy mazmunini ochishga xizmat qiladi. </p><p>Xalqaro savdo erkinligini targʻib etish maqsadlarida birinchi xalqaro sanoat K.si (birinchi Umumjahon K.) Londonda 1851-yildatashkil etildi. 1851-yildan 1958-yilga qadar mamlakatlarning iqtisodiyot, fan, texnika, madaniyat, sanʼat sohalaridagi yutuqlari namoyish etilgan 36 universal jahon K.lari oʻtkazildi: Nyu-York (1853, 1939), Parij (1855, 1867, 1878, 1889, 1890, 1900, 1937), London (1862, 1886, 1908), Vena (1883), Filadelfiya (1876, 1926), Sidney (1879), Melburn (1880), Chikago (1893. 1933,1934), Bryussel (1897, 1910, 1935, 1958), Buffalo (1901), Glazgo (1901), Sent-Luis (1907), Lyej (1915), Gyoteborg (1923), Uembli (1924/ 25), Barselova (1926), Antverpen (1930), Port-oPrens (1948). </p><p>1958-yildan boshlab Umumjahon K.lari "EKSPO" nomini oldi. Bryusselda oʻtkazilgan "EKSPO—58"da 52 mamlakat qatnashib, eng yangi markadagi avtomobillar, elektron uskunalar, avtomatik liniyalar maketlari, rangli televizorlar, xotira mashinasi kabi ixtirolar namoyish etildi. </p><p>1970-yilda birinchi bor "EKSPO" K. Osiyoda — Osaka (Yaponiya) shahrida "Insoniyat uchun taraqqiyot va uygʻunlik" shiori ostida oʻtkazildi. Unda 76 ta mamlakat qatnashib, tashrif etuvchilar soni 64,2 mln. kishiga yetdi. </p><p>70-yillardan ixtisoslashtirilgan "EKSPO"lar ham uyushtirila boshlandi. "EKSPO-74" Spokana shahrida (AQSH) atrof muhit muammolariga, "EKSPO-75" Okivana shahrida (Yaponiya) Jahon okeani muammolariga bagʻishlandi. Oxirgi "EKSPO-2000" umumjahon K.si 2000-yil Gannoverda "Inson—Tabiat—Texnika" shiori ostida oʻtdi. Mazkur K.da 173 ta mamlakat, shu jumladan, Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi ham qatnashdi. </p><p>Fan va texnikaning yanada rivojlanishi, ishlab chiqarishning kengayishi va ixtisoslashib borishi sharoitida xalqaro ixtisoslashgan savdo K.larining ahamiyati ham ortib bordi va ular 20-asr da umumtarmoq K.lari oʻrnini egallay boshladi. </p><p>Hozirgi xalqaro savdo K.ning koʻpchiligi ixtisoslashgan K. hisoblanadi. Oʻz maqsadlari, ishtirok shartlari va eksponentlarga beriladigan huquklariga koʻra, ular xalqaro yarmarkalarga yaqin turadi. Bunday K.lar turlicha nomlanadi (mas, Fransiyada — salonlar va yarmarkalar; Italiyada — salonlar, K., yarmarkalar; GFRda yarmarkalar va K.,). Xalqaro savdo K.lari xalqaro savdoning rivojdanishiga yordam beradi. </p><p>Turkiston oʻlkasida tashkil etilgan K.larning ham oʻz tarixi bor. Bu oʻlkadagi dastlabki K.larda hunarmandchilik va dehqonchilik mahsulotlari namoyish etilgan. Amir Temur davrida oʻziga xos savdo K.lari tashkil etilgan. Samarqandning Konigil maydonida 400 tacha savdo paviloni (doʻkoni) boʻlib, ularda hunarmandlarning turli mahsulotlari, roʻzgʻor buyumlari, qishloq xoʻjaligi mahsulotlari sotilgan. Turkiston Rossiyaga qoʻshib olingach, hunarmandchilik va dehqonchilik K.lari bir necha marta tashkil etilgan. Toshkent shahrida birinchi marta maxsus sanoat va qishloq xoʻjaligi koʻrgazmasi 1870-yilning yozida uyushtirilgan. Shu yili kosiblar sanʼati bilan tanishtirish maqsadida Turkiston oʻlka manufaktura K.si ochildi. Toshkent qishloq xoʻjaligi va mahalliy sanoat K.si (1878), Turkiston oʻlka qunarmandlik va sanoat K.si (1886), Turkiston oʻlka qishloq xoʻjaligi va sanoat mahsulotlari K.si (1890) ayrim mahalliy yutuqlarni ommalashtirish maʼlum darajada rol oʻynaydi. Samarqand (1893), Toshkent (1894) K.lari eksponatlari jihatdan universal boʻlgan. 1900-yilgi Samarqand K.si ipakchilik va asalarichilikka bagʻishlangan edi. Keyin oʻtkazilgan yirik K.larning soʻngisi 1909-yil 10-sentabrdan 15 oktabrgacha davom etgan Turkiston oʻlka K.si boʻldi. U Toshkent shahrining hozirgi Amir Temur xiyobonida tashkil qilinib, unda q.h. va mahalliy sanoat maqsulotlari namoyish etildi, maxsus yoʻl koʻrsatkich bosib chiqarildi, "K. axborotnomasi" gaz. nashr qilindi (gaz.ning jami 17 ta soni chiqqan). </p><p>20-asrning 20-yillaridan boshlab respublikada mahalliy K.lar oʻtkazildi. 1964-yil oktabrda Toshkent shahrida 60 gektar maydonni egallagan, doimiy ishlaydigan Oʻzbekiston SSR xalq xoʻjaligi yutuqlari K.si ochildi. Oʻzbekiston sobiq Ittifoq qatnashgan Parij (1939), Nyu-York (1939), Bryussel (1958), Monreal (1967), Osaka (1970) shaharlaridagi jahon K.larida Ittifoq tarkibidagi respublika sifatida qatnashgan. Shunda ham Oʻzbekistonda chiqarilgan tovarlar, mahsulotlar oʻzbek xalqining anʼanaviy kasbkorlari yuqori baho olgan. </p><p>Oʻzbekiston mustaqillikka erishgach, K.lar tashkil qilishga alohida eʼtibor berila boshladi. Ularning eng yiriklari "Oʻzekspomarkaz" (Respublika savdo-koʻrgazma markazi), Rassomlar uyushmasiga qarashli "Hamar" K.lar zali, "Oʻzkoʻrgazmasavdo" (Respublika yarmarka savdosi markazi) hisoblanadi. Oʻzbekistonning bosh K.si — "Oʻzekspomarkaz" Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Vazirlar Maxkamasining qaroriga binoan, sobiq Oʻzbekiston SSR xalq xoʻjaligigi yutuqlari koʻrgazmasi asosida 1992-yilda tashkil etildi (yana qarang <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qishloq_xo%CA%BBjaligi_ko%CA%BBrgazmalari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qishloq xoʻjaligi koʻrgazmalari (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Qishloq xoʻjaligi koʻrgazmalari</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adabiyot">Adabiyot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ko%CA%BBrgazma&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Adabiyot" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ko%CA%BBrgazma&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Adabiyot"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Chabrov G.I., Turkestan va vserossiyskom i vsemirnix vistavkax (1867— 1914 gg.), [Trudi SAGU], T., 1958; Osnovi vistavochnogo dela, M., 1980.</li></ul> <p>Baxtiyor Ermatov.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manbalar">Manbalar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ko%CA%BBrgazma&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Manbalar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ko%CA%BBrgazma&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Manbalar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3605845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBzME" class="mw-redirect" title="OʻzME">OʻzME</a>. Birinchi jild. Toshkent, 2000-yil</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p>Ushbu kanalga joylandi <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://t.me/kurgazmalar">https://t.me/kurgazmalar</a> </p> <p><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3736688">.mw-parser-output .fmbox{clear:both;margin:0.2em 0;width:100%;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:#f8f9fa;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .fmbox-warning{border:1px solid #bb7070;background-color:#ffdbdb}.mw-parser-output .fmbox-editnotice{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .fmbox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .fmbox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .fmbox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .fmbox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}</style></p><table class="plainlinks fmbox fmbox-system" role="presentation" style="border: 1px dashed #f4c430; width: 65%; margin: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Enciklopedia_stub.png/40px-Enciklopedia_stub.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Enciklopedia_stub.png/60px-Enciklopedia_stub.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Enciklopedia_stub.png/80px-Enciklopedia_stub.png 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="538" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="font-style: italic;">Ushbu maqolada <a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBzbekiston_milliy_ensiklopediyasi" title="Oʻzbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi">Oʻzbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi</a> (2000-2005) maʼlumotlaridan foydalanilgan.</td></tr></tbody></table><p><br /> </p><table class="metadata plainlinks stub" align="center" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Stub_W.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stub ikona"><img alt="Stub ikona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Stub_W.svg/50px-Stub_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Stub_W.svg/75px-Stub_W.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Stub_W.svg/100px-Stub_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td><center><i>Ushbu maqola <a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:Chala_maqolalar" class="mw-redirect" title="Vikipediya:Chala maqolalar">chaladir</a>. Siz uni <a class="external text" href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ko%CA%BBrgazma&action=edit">boyitib,</a> <a href="/wiki/Vikipediya" title="Vikipediya">Vikipediyaga</a> yordam berishingiz mumkin.</i><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4048111">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4048093">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini" style="position: absolute; 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Iltimos, maqolaga aloqador turkumlar qoʻshib yordam qiling. <small><i>(avgust 2024)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""><pre>"<a dir="ltr" href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Koʻrgazma&oldid=5168153">https://uz.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Koʻrgazma&oldid=5168153</a>" dan olindi </pre></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Yashirin turkum: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkum:Vikipediya:Ichki_havolasiz_maqolalar" title="Turkum:Vikipediya:Ichki havolasiz maqolalar">Vikipediya:Ichki havolasiz maqolalar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Turkum:O%CA%BBzbekiston_milliy_ensiklopediyasi_maqolalari" title="Turkum:Oʻzbekiston milliy 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