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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span 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Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C4%93ng_K%C3%A8-o%C4%93" title="Lēng Kè-oē – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lēng Kè-oē" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ling_%C5%A4i-chua" title="Ling Ťi-chua – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ling Ťi-chua" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ling_Jihua" title="Ling Jihua – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ling Jihua" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ling_Jihua" title="Ling Jihua – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ling Jihua" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lin_Kie-va%CC%8Dk" title="Lin Kie-va̍k – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Lin Kie-va̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%81%EC%A7%80%ED%99%94" title="링지화 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="링지화" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ling_Jihua" title="Ling Jihua – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ling Jihua" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AC_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7" title="لينج جيهوا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لينج جيهوا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%AAng_Gi%C3%A9-h%C4%95k" title="Lêng Gié-hĕk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Lêng Gié-hĕk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A4%E8%A8%88%E7%94%BB" title="令計画 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="令計画" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ling_Jihua" title="Ling Jihua – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ling Jihua" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A6%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Лин Цзихуа – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лин Цзихуа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ling_Jihua" title="Ling Jihua – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ling Jihua" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E1%BB%87nh_K%E1%BA%BF_Ho%E1%BA%A1ch" title="Lệnh Kế Hoạch – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lệnh Kế Hoạch" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A4%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" title="令計劃 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="令計劃" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A4%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="令计划 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="令计划" data-language-autonym="中文" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Chinese_name" title="Chinese name">Chinese name</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_surname" title="Chinese surname">family name</a> is <i> Ling (<a href="/wiki/Linghu" title="Linghu">Linghu</a>)</i>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Ling Jihua</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">令计划</span></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ling_Jihua_in_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Ling_Jihua_in_2009.jpg/225px-Ling_Jihua_in_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="308" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Ling_Jihua_in_2009.jpg/338px-Ling_Jihua_in_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Ling_Jihua_in_2009.jpg/450px-Ling_Jihua_in_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="646" data-file-height="885" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Ling Jihua in 2009</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairperson_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Vice Chairperson of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Vice Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />11 March 2013 – 20 January 2015</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Chairman</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yu_Zhengsheng" title="Yu Zhengsheng">Yu Zhengsheng</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Head_of_the_United_Front_Work_Department" title="Head of the United Front Work Department">Head of the United Front Work Department</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1 September 2012 – 31 December 2014</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">General secretary</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Du_Qinglin" title="Du Qinglin">Du Qinglin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Chunlan" title="Sun Chunlan">Sun Chunlan</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_General_Office_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Director of the General Office of the Chinese Communist Party">Director of the General Office of the Chinese Communist Party</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />19 September 2007 – 31 August 2012</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">General Secretary</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wang_Gang_(politician)" title="Wang Gang (politician)">Wang Gang</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Li_Zhanshu" title="Li Zhanshu">Li Zhanshu</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Linghu Jihua (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans-CN">令狐计划</span></span>)</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1956-10-22</span>) </span>22 October 1956<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 68)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Pinglu_County" title="Pinglu County">Pinglu County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shanxi_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Shanxi Province">Shanxi Province</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> (1976–2015, expelled)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Gu Liping</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ling_Zhengce" title="Ling Zhengce">Ling Zhengce</a> (brother)<br /><a href="/wiki/Ling_Wancheng" title="Ling Wancheng">Ling Wancheng</a> (brother)<br />Linghu Luxian (sister)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">Ling Gu (son; d. 2012)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hunan_University" title="Hunan University">Hunan University</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Chinese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A4" class="extiw" title="wikt:令">令</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%AE%A1" class="extiw" title="wikt:计">计</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%88%92" class="extiw" title="wikt:划">划</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A4" class="extiw" title="wikt:令">令</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A8%88" class="extiw" title="wikt:計">計</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%83" class="extiw" title="wikt:劃">劃</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Lìng Jìhuà</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Linghu Jihua</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A4%E7%8B%90" class="extiw" title="wikt:令狐">令狐</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" class="extiw" title="wikt:计划">计划</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A4%E7%8B%90" class="extiw" title="wikt:令狐">令狐</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" class="extiw" title="wikt:計劃">計劃</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Línghú Jìhuà</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ling Jihua</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (born 22 October 1956) is a former Chinese politician and one of the principal political advisers of former leader <a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-red_Ferraris_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-red_Ferraris-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ling was best known for his tenure as <a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_General_Office_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Director of the General Office of the Chinese Communist Party">director of the General Office of the Chinese Communist Party</a> between 2007 and 2012. Ling was charged with corruption, bribery, and other misconduct and was sentenced to <a href="/wiki/Life_imprisonment" title="Life imprisonment">life imprisonment</a> as part of a larger <a href="/wiki/Anti-corruption_campaign_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-corruption campaign in China">anti-corruption campaign</a> carried out by <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a>. </p><p>Ling began his career as a functionary in regional branches of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Youth_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Youth League">Communist Youth League</a> in his native <a href="/wiki/Shanxi" title="Shanxi">Shanxi</a> Province. His Youth League involvement propelled him to the national-level organization in 1979. At the Youth League Ling worked in its propaganda department and edited its flagship newspaper. Closely following the footsteps of his patron Hu Jintao, Ling was promoted to a leadership position in the General Office of the Chinese Communist Party in 1999, and became an important member of the <a href="/wiki/State_Commission_for_Public_Sector_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="State Commission for Public Sector Reform">State Commission for Public Sector Reform</a>. </p><p>Ling rose to become the Director of the General Office, an organ that handles day-to-day logistics and bureaucratic functions of the Communist Party, in 2007, when Hu was the party's <a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">General Secretary</a> (i.e., <a href="/wiki/Paramount_leader" title="Paramount leader">paramount leader</a>). He was initially seen as a promising candidate for promotion to the top leadership at the <a href="/wiki/18th_National_Congress_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party">18th Party Congress</a> in 2012. However, his political fortunes abruptly took a turn when his 23-year-old son was killed while driving a Ferrari in 2012, an event that caused embarrassment for the party elite. Ling was then politically sidelined. </p><p>In December 2014, Ling was placed under investigation by the <a href="/wiki/Central_Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection" title="Central Commission for Discipline Inspection">Central Commission for Discipline Inspection</a> (party's anti-graft agency) and removed from office.<sup id="cite_ref-investigation_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-investigation-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was expelled from the Communist Party and tried on charges of corruption, illegal possession of state secrets, and <a href="/wiki/Abuse_of_power" title="Abuse of power">abuse of power</a>, and was sentenced to life imprisonment in July 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-sentence_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sentence-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ling_Jihua&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_career">Early career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ling_Jihua&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born Linghu Jihua, Ling was the third son to Linghu Ye (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">令狐野</span></span>), a party official, in <a href="/wiki/Pinglu_County" title="Pinglu County">Pinglu County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shanxi_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Shanxi Province">Shanxi Province</a>. He and all four of his siblings received names related to the Communist Party's policies. His own name, <i>Jihua</i>, means "planning". In December 1973, as with many other young Chinese, he was sent to work in the countryside as part of the <a href="/wiki/Down_to_the_Countryside_Movement" title="Down to the Countryside Movement">Down to the Countryside Movement</a>. Ling worked in a printing factory.<sup id="cite_ref-ling_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ling-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "<a href="/wiki/Linghu" title="Linghu">Linghu</a>" is a very rare surname, eventually most members of the Ling family shortened the "Linghu" to "Ling". </p><p>In June 1975, Ling was admitted into the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Youth_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Youth League">Communist Youth League</a> (CYL) organization in Pinglu County, and was soon elevated to deputy secretary of the local CYL committee. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in June 1976. In December 1978, Ling was transferred to CCP's <a href="/wiki/Yuncheng" title="Yuncheng">Yuncheng</a> Committee in Shanxi. In 1979, Communist Youth League's central organization selected young cadres nationwide to work in the capital. Ling, at the age of 23, was recruited to work in the propaganda department of CYL Central Committee.<sup id="cite_ref-ling_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ling-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rising_through_the_ranks_in_Beijing">Rising through the ranks in Beijing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ling_Jihua&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Rising through the ranks in Beijing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-BLP_unsourced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-BLP_unsourced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section of a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">biography of a living person</a> <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">include</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">references or sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>. Contentious material about living people that is unsourced or poorly sourced <b>must be removed immediately</b>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Ling+Jihua%22">"Ling Jihua"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Ling+Jihua%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Ling+Jihua%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Ling+Jihua%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Ling+Jihua%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Ling+Jihua%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>From August 1983, Ling studied at the Communist Youth League Academy (later <a href="/wiki/China_Youth_University_of_Political_Studies" title="China Youth University of Political Studies">China Youth University of Political Studies</a>), majoring in political education. In July 1985, Ling worked in the political theory section of the propaganda department of the Communist Youth League. At that time, <a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a> was the First Secretary (i.e., leader) of the Youth League, though it is not clear whether there was direct contact between Ling and Hu. From June 1988, Ling served in various posts in CYL, mostly as part of the CYL Secretariat and the CYL <a href="/wiki/General_Office" title="General Office">General Office</a>. He also served as editor-in-chief of <i>Chinese Communist Youth League</i>, the primary theory publication of the CYL, and between 1994 and 1995, and the CYL's chief of propaganda. </p><p>In December 1995, after having served in CYL for over ten years, Ling was transferred to <a href="/wiki/General_Office_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Office of the Chinese Communist Party">General Office of the Chinese Communist Party</a>, and continued his work in political theory. Between 1994 and 1996 Ling obtained an "on-job master's degree" in commercial management at <a href="/wiki/Hunan_University" title="Hunan University">Hunan University</a>. In June 1998, he was promoted to head of research office of the General Office (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中央办公厅调研室主任</span></span>). In December 1999, Ling was appointed as deputy director of General Office. Later, he also served as the deputy chief of the General Office in charge of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Institutional_Organization_Commission" title="Central Institutional Organization Commission">Central Institutional Organization Commission</a>, and chief of staff of the Office of General Secretary Hu Jintao. </p><p>On 19 September 2007, Ling was promoted to become Director of General Office of the Chinese Communist Party, the nerve center of the party that was in charge of all manner of administrative activities of the party's central authorities, including communications and leaders' scheduling and agendas. He also became a Secretary of the Central Secretariat, in charge of the implementation of tasks set forth by the party's Politburo.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Son's_Ferrari_crash"><span id="Son.27s_Ferrari_crash"></span>Son's Ferrari crash</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ling_Jihua&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Son's Ferrari crash"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Throughout Hu Jintao's <a href="/wiki/Hu%E2%80%93Wen_Administration" title="Hu–Wen Administration">leadership</a>, Ling accompanied Hu on trips abroad and was often seen with Hu on inspection visits around the country. As one of Hu Jintao's closest associates and most trusted advisors, in addition to being of an appropriate level of seniority, Ling seemed long destined for higher office. Ling's political fortunes, however, took an abrupt turn in 2012. On March 18, Ling's only son, 23-year-old Ling Gu, was killed in a car crash on Beijing's <a href="/wiki/4th_Ring_Road" title="4th Ring Road">4th Ring Road</a> while driving a black<sup id="cite_ref-red_Ferraris_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-red_Ferraris-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_458_Spider" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferrari 458 Spider">Ferrari 458 Spider</a> accompanied by two women, reportedly of <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tibetan people">Tibetan ethnicity</a>, one of whom also died.<sup id="cite_ref-scmp_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scmp-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gu-nyt_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gu-nyt-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ling Gu was said to have been found naked, and the women were described as either naked or otherwise "scantily clad," which seemed to suggest sexual activity while driving.<sup id="cite_ref-Son_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Son-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While this account was later disputed, the widely discussed "Ferrari crash" was juicy tabloid fodder and exacerbated public cynicism over the debauchery and <a href="/wiki/Conspicuous_consumption" title="Conspicuous consumption">conspicuous consumption</a> often associated with children of the Communist ruling elite.<sup id="cite_ref-notna_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-notna-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>News of the crash was reported in mainland Chinese media shortly after it happened, but the story was then rapidly suppressed.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reportedly, Ling Jihua, after viewing the body of the driver at the morgue, denied it was his son.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT01513_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT01513-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ling was also said to have mobilized staff from the <a href="/wiki/Central_Security_Bureau_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Security Bureau of the Chinese Communist Party">Central Security Bureau</a>, an organ in charge of national leaders' security which reported into the General Office, to cover up the crash.<sup id="cite_ref-wsj_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wsj-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chinese media also reported that Ling had contacted <a href="/wiki/Zhou_Yongkang" title="Zhou Yongkang">Zhou Yongkang</a>, then chief of the powerful <a href="/wiki/Central_Political_and_Legal_Affairs_Commission" title="Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission">Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission</a>, to reach unspecified "political deals" in exchange for assistance on covering up the death of his son.<sup id="cite_ref-dw3_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dw3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ling then went on to work as normal.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In China, Internet search terms such as "Ferrari", "Little Ling" and "Prince Ling" were blocked, and <a href="/wiki/Impersonation" class="mw-redirect" title="Impersonation">a message</a> dispelling the rumour was also posted under Ling Gu's <a href="/wiki/Renren" title="Renren">social media</a> alias "Wang Ziyun".<sup id="cite_ref-Son_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Son-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gu-nyt_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gu-nyt-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2012, an 'exclusive' from the <i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i> reported that <a href="/wiki/Jiang_Jiemin" title="Jiang Jiemin">Jiang Jiemin</a>, a former associate of Zhou Yongkang then serving as chief executive of <a href="/wiki/China_National_Petroleum_Corporation" title="China National Petroleum Corporation">China National Petroleum Corporation</a>, wired money from the company's accounts to the families of the two women involved in the crash to <a href="/wiki/Hush_money" title="Hush money">keep silent</a> about the crash.<sup id="cite_ref-scmp_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scmp-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite media censorship regarding the event, news of the crash was widely circulated in China. The incident was also later reported on major international media, including the <i><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. Online Chinese-language communities also questioned how Ling Gu could afford a car worth some $500,000 when his parents had government jobs.<sup id="cite_ref-Son_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Son-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The crash and subsequent suppression were said to have led to Ling Jihua's demotion in August 2012,<sup id="cite_ref-red_Ferraris_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-red_Ferraris-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Son_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Son-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and his wife Gu Liping's removal from her job in January 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-AS03513_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AS03513-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Demotion_and_investigation">Demotion and investigation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ling_Jihua&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Demotion and investigation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 1 September 2012, prior to the transfer of power between Hu Jintao and <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a> at the pivotal <a href="/wiki/18th_National_Congress_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party">18th Party Congress</a>, Ling was abruptly transferred from his position as General Office chief to become <a href="/wiki/Head_of_the_United_Front_Work_Department" title="Head of the United Front Work Department">head of the United Front Work Department</a>, an organ considered to be of less importance. <a href="/wiki/Li_Zhanshu" title="Li Zhanshu">Li Zhanshu</a>, a close associate of Xi Jinping, replaced Ling's position as Director of General Office. This was seen as a demotion for Ling. At the 18th Party Congress held in the fall of 2012, Ling did not gain a seat on the Politburo as expected, nor did he retain his position as Secretary of the Secretariat; this signalled that Ling was excluded from all the major power organs of the party.<sup id="cite_ref-dw3_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dw3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2013, Ling was elected as one of the vice-chairmen of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference</a> (CPPCC), barely holding onto his status as a "national leader". In addition, of the 23 candidates standing for confirmation for the CPPCC Vice-Chairmanship, Ling received, by far, the fewest votes in favour. A total of 90 CPPCC delegates voted against Ling, while 22 delegates abstained.<sup id="cite_ref-cip_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cip-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the latter half of 2014, members of the Ling family were successively detained by the authorities (see <a href="#Family">#Family</a> section below). Moreover, an unprecedented number of high-ranking officials in Ling's native <a href="/wiki/Shanxi" title="Shanxi">Shanxi</a> province were investigated for corruption and removed from office. Rumours circulated about Ling's own fate. Ling was officially placed under investigation by the <a href="/wiki/Central_Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection" title="Central Commission for Discipline Inspection">Central Commission for Discipline Inspection</a> (party's anti-graft agency) on 22 December 2014, and dismissed from his position as United Front Work Department head about a week later.<sup id="cite_ref-investigation_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-investigation-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The CPPCC then removed him from the office of vice-chairman in February 2015, in addition to stripping him of his ordinary CPPCC delegate status.<sup id="cite_ref-feb_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-feb-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several weeks prior to the announcement of the investigation, Ling continued to make appearances on state television in his positions of CPPCC Vice Chairman and United Front chief. On 15 December Ling penned an article on the Communist theory publication <i><a href="/wiki/Qiushi" title="Qiushi">Qiushi</a></i> brimming with praise for the signature political philosophies of Xi Jinping such as the "<a href="/wiki/Chinese_Dream" title="Chinese Dream">Chinese Dream</a>". This was seen by observers as a 'last-ditch' declaration of fealty to the new Chinese leader with whom Ling was thought to have lost favour.<sup id="cite_ref-dw3_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dw3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ling was one of the highest-profile targets (next to Zhou Yongkang and <a href="/wiki/Xu_Caihou" title="Xu Caihou">Xu Caihou</a>) of the anti-corruption campaign following the 18th Party Congress spearheaded by Party General secretary Xi Jinping and central discipline chief <a href="/wiki/Wang_Qishan" title="Wang Qishan">Wang Qishan</a>. He was the second sitting "national leader"-level figure to be investigated by the party's anti-graft agency, after CPPCC Vice-chairman <a href="/wiki/Su_Rong" title="Su Rong">Su Rong</a>. Chinese-language media have linked Ling to a mysterious political network composed of prominent politicians and businesspeople with origins in Shanxi called the <a href="/wiki/Xishan_Society" title="Xishan Society">Xishan Society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-xishan_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xishan-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Detention_and_trial">Detention and trial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ling_Jihua&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Detention and trial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 20 July 2015, Ling was expelled from the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-kaichu_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kaichu-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was arrested to face criminal proceedings.<sup id="cite_ref-lian_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lian-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ling's case received significant media attention, since he was the most prominent political figure expelled from the party since criminal proceedings were initiated against former Politburo Standing Committee member Zhou Yongkang. In the party's disciplinary dossier against Ling, he was accused of "violating political discipline, violating political rules, violating organizational discipline, and violating confidentiality discipline." He was further accused of taking in large bribes, aiding in the business interests of his wife, sexual misconduct with "numerous women", and illegally obtaining party and state secrets.<sup id="cite_ref-ccdireport_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ccdireport-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 13 May 2016, the No. 1 branch of <a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a> Municipal People's Procuratorate filed suit against Ling on behalf of the state at the No. 1 Intermediate People's Court of Tianjin.<sup id="cite_ref-charge_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-charge-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 4 July 2016, after a closed-door trial, Ling was sentenced to life imprisonment. He was convicted on charges of taking bribes, illegally obtaining state secrets and abuse of power. Upon hearing his sentence, Ling read aloud from a prepared script stating that he did not contest the conviction and "thanked" the court and the lawyers for their work, and used a Chinese idiom (<i>kegu mingxin</i>) to describe how unforgettable the trial had been to him.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The sentencing revealed many details which were previously unknown. The conviction stated that Ling had sought to use his influence to advance the interests of senior regional officials <a href="/wiki/Li_Chuncheng" title="Li Chuncheng">Li Chuncheng</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pan_Yiyang" title="Pan Yiyang">Pan Yiyang</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bai_Enpei" title="Bai Enpei">Bai Enpei</a>; all three had fallen under the axe of the anti-corruption campaign though their links to Ling were unclear prior to the conviction. It also stated that his wife, Gu Liping, and his son, Ling Gu, had taken bribes on behalf of the Ling family. Ling Gu was said to have solicited bribes worth some 6.5 million yuan (~$1 million) from Wei Xin, a senior executive of <a href="/wiki/Founder_Group" title="Founder Group">Founder Group</a>. Ling and his wife, Gu Liping, additionally were said to have received some 15 million yuan (~$2.3 million) from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guangsha_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guangsha Group (page does not exist)">Guangsha Group</a>, in exchange for political favours from Ling.<sup id="cite_ref-aides_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aides-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following his departure from the General Office, it was said that Ling gained access to privileged state secrets through his former subordinate <a href="/wiki/Huo_Ke" title="Huo Ke">Huo Ke</a>, who was also indicted and tried.<sup id="cite_ref-sentence_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sentence-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ling was an alternate member of <a href="/wiki/16th_Central_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="16th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">16th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party</a>, a full member of <a href="/wiki/17th_Central_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="17th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">17th</a> and <a href="/wiki/18th_Central_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="18th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">18th</a> Central Committees, and a member of the 17th <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party">Central Secretariat</a>. Ling was expelled from the 18th Central Committee at the Fifth Plenary Session in October 2015.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ling_Jihua&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ling is married to Gu Liping (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">谷丽萍</span></span>), the former director-general of <a href="/wiki/Youth_Business_China" title="Youth Business China">Youth Business China</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Non-profit" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-profit">non-profit</a> program that aims to promote youth <a href="/wiki/Entrepreneurship" title="Entrepreneurship">entrepreneurship</a> that is headquartered in Beijing. In 2010 she was deputy director of the Ying Public Interest Foundation, a charity sponsored by the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Youth_League_of_China" title="Communist Youth League of China">Communist Youth League</a>. In that role she reportedly solicited donations for the foundation.<sup id="cite_ref-AS03513_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AS03513-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gu was thought to be placed in custody prior to the initiation of the investigation on Ling Jihua.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Ling and Gu had one son, Ling Gu (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">令谷</span></span>; born c. 1989), alias Wang Ziyun (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">王子云</span></span>), who majored in international relations at <a href="/wiki/Peking_University" title="Peking University">Peking University</a>. Ling Gu died in March 2012 at the age of 23 in the aforementioned Ferrari crash.<sup id="cite_ref-Son_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Son-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <i><a href="/wiki/Red_Roulette" title="Red Roulette">Red Roulette</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Desmond_Shum" title="Desmond Shum">Desmond Shum</a>, who claimed to have mentored Ling Gu at the request of Gu Liping, Ling Gu had organized a reading group with other <a href="/wiki/Princelings" title="Princelings">princlings</a>, modeled after <a href="/wiki/Skull_and_Bones" title="Skull and Bones">Skull and Bones</a>. Shum also wrote that Gu Liping was convinced her son was killed not in an accident, but as part of a conspiracy to eliminate Ling Jihua and the <a href="/wiki/Tuanpai" title="Tuanpai">Youth League Faction</a>. </p><p>Ling had three brothers and one sister. His eldest brother, Ling Fangzhen (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">令方针</span></span>), was in the military, and died after a fall while cleaning windows in 1977. Ling's second eldest brother, <a href="/wiki/Ling_Zhengce" title="Ling Zhengce">Ling Zhengce</a>, was a provincial-level politician in <a href="/wiki/Shanxi" title="Shanxi">Shanxi Province</a> until he was placed under investigation in June 2014. On December 16, 2016, the Intermediate People’s Court of Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, found Ling Zhengce guilty of accepting bribes totaling over 16 million RMB in a first-instance trial and sentenced him to 12 and a half years in prison. Ling's sister, Linghu Luxian (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">令狐路线</span></span>), was a hospital executive in the city of Yuncheng, and was married to the city's Vice-Mayor Wang Jiankang (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">王健康</span></span>); the couple disappeared from public view for several months in 2014, suspected of being placed under investigation, but re-appeared later on. Ling's younger brother, <a href="/wiki/Ling_Wancheng" title="Ling Wancheng">Ling Wancheng</a>, was a businessman and golf enthusiast, who was reported to be under investigation in 2014, but disappeared in October of the same year. He and his wife fled to the United States in March 2015, reportedly with thousands of classified documents given to them by Ling Jihua.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ling_Jihua&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">令计划</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Lìng Jìhuà</span></i></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ling_Jihua&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-red_Ferraris-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-red_Ferraris_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-red_Ferraris_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-red_Ferraris_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMosettig2012" class="citation web cs1">Mosettig, Michael D. 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March 20, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210314191336/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-17444694">Archived</a> from the original on March 14, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 20,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Online+restrictions+after+China+Ferrari+crash+-+media&rft.date=2012-03-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-china-17444694&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALing+Jihua" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT01513-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT01513_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNicholas_D._Kristof2013" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_D._Kristof" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas D. Kristof">Nicholas D. Kristof</a> (January 5, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/06/opinion/sunday/kristof-looking-for-a-jump-start-in-china.html">"Looking for a Jump-Start in China"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(opinion)</span>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240924003227/https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/06/opinion/sunday/kristof-looking-for-a-jump-start-in-china.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 24, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2013</span>. <q>Ling feared a scandal and reportedly began a cover-up. He went to the morgue, according to the account I got from one Chinese official, and looked at the body — and then coldly denied that it was his son. He continued to work in the following weeks as if nothing had happened.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Looking+for+a+Jump-Start+in+China&rft.date=2013-01-05&rft.au=Nicholas+D.+Kristof&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F01%2F06%2Fopinion%2Fsunday%2Fkristof-looking-for-a-jump-start-in-china.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALing+Jihua" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wsj-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wsj_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121024203347/http://www.cn.wsj.com/gb/20121022/bch130311.asp"><bdi lang="zh">神秘的法拉利车祸</bdi></a>. <i>The Wall Street Journal</i>. October 22, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cn.wsj.com/gb/20121022/bch130311.asp">the original</a> on October 24, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 23,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=%E7%A5%9E%E7%A7%98%E7%9A%84%E6%B3%95%E6%8B%89%E5%88%A9%E8%BD%A6%E7%A5%B8&rft.date=2012-10-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcn.wsj.com%2Fgb%2F20121022%2Fbch130311.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALing+Jihua" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dw3-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dw3_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dw3_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dw3_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://china.dwnews.com/news/2014-12-22/59625421.html"><bdi lang="zh">陆媒：令计划与周永康薄熙来有同盟关系</bdi></a>. <i>Duowei</i>. December 22, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141224193454/http://china.dwnews.com/news/2014-12-22/59625421.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-12-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-12-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Duowei&rft.atitle=%E9%99%86%E5%AA%92%EF%BC%9A%E4%BB%A4%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E4%B8%8E%E5%91%A8%E6%B0%B8%E5%BA%B7%E8%96%84%E7%86%99%E6%9D%A5%E6%9C%89%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB&rft.date=2014-12-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchina.dwnews.com%2Fnews%2F2014-12-22%2F59625421.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALing+Jihua" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/world_now/2012/09/china-car-crash-scandal.html">"Beijing car crash opens door to another scandal in China"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. September 3, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120906020552/http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/world_now/2012/09/china-car-crash-scandal.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 11,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Beijing+car+crash+opens+door+to+another+scandal+in+China&rft.date=2012-09-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flatimesblogs.latimes.com%2Fworld_now%2F2012%2F09%2Fchina-car-crash-scandal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALing+Jihua" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AS03513-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AS03513_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AS03513_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130308051543/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/asia/china/AJ201303050004">"PREMIER LEAGUE: After fatal Ferrari crash, careers are stalled, group loses power"</a>. <i>The Asahi Shimbun</i>. March 5, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ajw.asahi.com/article/asia/china/AJ201303050004">the original</a> on March 8, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Asahi+Shimbun&rft.atitle=PREMIER+LEAGUE%3A+After+fatal+Ferrari+crash%2C+careers+are+stalled%2C+group+loses+power&rft.date=2013-03-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fajw.asahi.com%2Farticle%2Fasia%2Fchina%2FAJ201303050004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALing+Jihua" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cip-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cip_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWang" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script">Wang, Jinbo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinainperspective.com/ArtShow.aspx?AID=20495"><bdi lang="zh">第十二届全国政协副主席选举投票数据分析</bdi></a>. China in perspective. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150114174343/http://www.chinainperspective.com/ArtShow.aspx?AID=20495">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-01-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-01-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%B1%8A%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%8F%E5%89%AF%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD%E9%80%89%E4%B8%BE%E6%8A%95%E7%A5%A8%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Jinbo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinainperspective.com%2FArtShow.aspx%3FAID%3D20495&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALing+Jihua" class="Z3988"></span><br />The candidate with the second most votes in opposition was <a href="/wiki/Chen_Yuan" title="Chen Yuan">Chen Yuan</a>, who received 27 votes against.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-feb-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-feb_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.ifeng.com/a/20150228/43239754_0.shtml"><bdi lang="zh">令计划被免去全国政协副主席职务</bdi></a>. <i>Ifeng</i>. February 28, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ifeng&rft.atitle=%E4%BB%A4%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E8%A2%AB%E5%85%8D%E5%8E%BB%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%8F%E5%89%AF%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD%E8%81%8C%E5%8A%A1&rft.date=2015-02-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.ifeng.com%2Fa%2F20150228%2F43239754_0.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALing+Jihua" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-xishan-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-xishan_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWang2014" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script">Wang, Ya (December 24, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150128112330/http://china.dwnews.com/news/2014-12-24/59626002.html"><bdi lang="zh">西山会引爆舆论令计划的政治图谋</bdi></a>. <i>Duowei News</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://china.dwnews.com/news/2014-12-24/59626002.html">the original</a> on 2015-01-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-01-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Duowei+News&rft.atitle=%E8%A5%BF%E5%B1%B1%E4%BC%9A%E5%BC%95%E7%88%86%E8%88%86%E8%AE%BA+%E4%BB%A4%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E7%9A%84%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%9B%BE%E8%B0%8B&rft.date=2014-12-24&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Ya&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchina.dwnews.com%2Fnews%2F2014-12-24%2F59626002.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALing+Jihua" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kaichu-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kaichu_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2015-07/20/c_1115984394.htm">"中共中央决定给予令计划开除党籍开除公职处分"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Xinhua_News_Agency" title="Xinhua News Agency">Xinhua News Agency</a>. 2015-07-20. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150722180827/http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2015-07/20/c_1115984394.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-07-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-07-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%86%B3%E5%AE%9A%E7%BB%99%E4%BA%88%E4%BB%A4%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E5%BC%80%E9%99%A4%E5%85%9A%E7%B1%8D%E5%BC%80%E9%99%A4%E5%85%AC%E8%81%8C%E5%A4%84%E5%88%86&rft.pub=Xinhua+News+Agency&rft.date=2015-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.xinhuanet.com%2Fpolitics%2F2015-07%2F20%2Fc_1115984394.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALing+Jihua" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lian-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lian_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2015-07/20/c_128039338.htm"><bdi lang="zh">检察机关依法决定对令计划立案侦查</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/Xinhua_News_Agency" title="Xinhua News Agency">Xinhua News Agency</a>. 2015-07-20. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150722222456/http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2015-07/20/c_128039338.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-07-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-07-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%A3%80%E5%AF%9F%E6%9C%BA%E5%85%B3%E4%BE%9D%E6%B3%95%E5%86%B3%E5%AE%9A%E5%AF%B9%E4%BB%A4%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E7%AB%8B%E6%A1%88%E4%BE%A6%E6%9F%A5&rft.pub=Xinhua+News+Agency&rft.date=2015-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.xinhuanet.com%2Fpolitics%2F2015-07%2F20%2Fc_128039338.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALing+Jihua" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ccdireport-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ccdireport_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150806022509/http://www.ccdi.gov.cn/jlsc/201507/t20150721_59485.html"><bdi lang="zh">中共中央决定给予令计划开除党籍开除公职处分将令计划涉嫌犯罪问题及线索移送司法机关依法处理</bdi></a>. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. July 20, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccdi.gov.cn/jlsc/201507/t20150721_59485.html">the original</a> on August 6, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%86%B3%E5%AE%9A%E7%BB%99%E4%BA%88%E4%BB%A4%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E5%BC%80%E9%99%A4%E5%85%9A%E7%B1%8D%E5%BC%80%E9%99%A4%E5%85%AC%E8%81%8C%E5%A4%84%E5%88%86+%E5%B0%86%E4%BB%A4%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E6%B6%89%E5%AB%8C%E7%8A%AF%E7%BD%AA%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E5%8F%8A%E7%BA%BF%E7%B4%A2%E7%A7%BB%E9%80%81%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E6%9C%BA%E5%85%B3%E4%BE%9D%E6%B3%95%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86&rft.date=2015-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ccdi.gov.cn%2Fjlsc%2F201507%2Ft20150721_59485.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALing+Jihua" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-charge-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-charge_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160514161858/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-05/13/c_135357490.htm">"Ling Jihua officially charged, to face trial in Tianjin"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Xinhua_News_Agency" title="Xinhua News Agency">Xinhua News Agency</a>. 2016-05-13. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-05/13/c_135357490.htm">the original</a> on May 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ling+Jihua+officially+charged%2C+to+face+trial+in+Tianjin&rft.pub=Xinhua+News+Agency&rft.date=2016-05-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.xinhuanet.com%2Fenglish%2F2016-05%2F13%2Fc_135357490.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALing+Jihua" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aides-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-aides_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scmp.com/news/china/policies-politics/article/1985208/ling-jihua-former-chinese-presidential-aide-sentenced">"Ling Jihua, former Chinese presidential aide, sentenced to life in prison"</a>. <i>South China Morning Post</i>. July 4, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160707092211/http://www.scmp.com/news/china/policies-politics/article/1985208/ling-jihua-former-chinese-presidential-aide-sentenced?">Archived</a> from the original on July 7, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Ling+Jihua%2C+former+Chinese+presidential+aide%2C+sentenced+to+life+in+prison&rft.date=2016-07-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fchina%2Fpolicies-politics%2Farticle%2F1985208%2Fling-jihua-former-chinese-presidential-aide-sentenced&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALing+Jihua" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMitchell2016" class="citation web cs1">Mitchell, Jamil Anderlini and Tom (2016-02-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2016/02/05/top-china-defector-passes-state-secrets-to-us.html">"Top China defector passes state secrets to US"</a>. <i>CNBC</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=Top+China+defector+passes+state+secrets+to+US&rft.date=2016-02-05&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=Jamil+Anderlini+and+Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2016%2F02%2F05%2Ftop-china-defector-passes-state-secrets-to-us.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALing+Jihua" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ling_Jihua&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinavitae.com/biography/Ling_Jihua%7C3190">Chinavitae</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Du_Qinglin" title="Du Qinglin">Du Qinglin</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Head_of_the_United_Front_Work_Department" title="Head of the United Front Work Department">Head of the United Front Work Department</a> </b><br />2012–2014 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Chunlan" title="Sun Chunlan">Sun Chunlan</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Wang_Gang_(politician)" title="Wang Gang (politician)">Wang Gang</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_General_Office_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Director of the General Office of the Chinese Communist Party">Director of the General Office of the Chinese Communist Party</a> </b><br />2007–2012 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Li_Zhanshu" title="Li Zhanshu">Li Zhanshu</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Vice_chairpersons_of_the_Chinese_People&#039;s_Political_Consultative_Conference988" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CPPCC_vice-chairpersons" title="Template:CPPCC vice-chairpersons"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CPPCC_vice-chairpersons" title="Template talk:CPPCC vice-chairpersons"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CPPCC_vice-chairpersons" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CPPCC vice-chairpersons"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Vice_chairpersons_of_the_Chinese_People&#039;s_Political_Consultative_Conference988" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairperson_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Vice Chairperson of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Vice chairpersons of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1st<br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(1949–1954)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai">Zhou Enlai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jishen" title="Li Jishen">Li Jishen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Junru" title="Shen Junru">Shen Junru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Moruo" title="Guo Moruo">Guo Moruo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Shutong" title="Chen Shutong">Chen Shutong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2nd<br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(1954–1959)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soong_Ching-ling" title="Soong Ching-ling">Soong Ching-ling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dong_Biwu" title="Dong Biwu">Dong Biwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jishen" title="Li Jishen">Li Jishen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Lan" title="Zhang Lan">Zhang Lan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Moruo" title="Guo Moruo">Guo Moruo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Zhen" title="Peng Zhen">Peng Zhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Junru" title="Shen Junru">Shen Junru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Yanpei" title="Huang Yanpei">Huang Yanpei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Xiangning" title="He Xiangning">He Xiangning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Weihan" title="Li Weihan">Li Weihan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Siguang" title="Li Siguang">Li Siguang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Shutong" title="Chen Shutong">Chen Shutong</a></li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Bojun" title="Zhang Bojun">Zhang Bojun</a></s> (removed 1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Kah_Kee" title="Tan Kah Kee">Tan Kah Kee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choekyi_Gyaltsen,_10th_Panchen_Lama" title="Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama">Choekyi Gyaltsen, Panchen Erdeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhan_Shahidi" title="Burhan Shahidi">Burhan Shahidi</a> (added 1958)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3rd<br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(1959–1965)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Zhen" title="Peng Zhen">Peng Zhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jishen" title="Li Jishen">Li Jishen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Moruo" title="Guo Moruo">Guo Moruo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Junru" title="Shen Junru">Shen Junru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Yanpei" title="Huang Yanpei">Huang Yanpei</a></li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/Li_Weihan" title="Li Weihan">Li Weihan</a></s> (removed 1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Siguang" title="Li Siguang">Li Siguang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Shutong" title="Chen Shutong">Chen Shutong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Kah_Kee" title="Tan Kah Kee">Tan Kah Kee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhan_Shahidi" title="Burhan Shahidi">Burhan Shahidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yi_(marshal)" title="Chen Yi (marshal)">Chen Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Sheng" title="Kang Sheng">Kang Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Xiangning" title="He Xiangning">He Xiangning</a> (added 1960)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">4th<br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(1965–1978)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Zhen" title="Peng Zhen">Peng Zhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yi_(marshal)" title="Chen Yi (marshal)">Chen Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Jianying" title="Ye Jianying">Ye Jianying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Yanpei" title="Huang Yanpei">Huang Yanpei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Shutong" title="Chen Shutong">Chen Shutong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Lantao" title="Liu Lantao">Liu Lantao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_Renqiong" title="Song Renqiong">Song Renqiong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Bing_(politician)" title="Xu Bing (politician)">Xu Bing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Chongmin" title="Gao Chongmin">Gao Chongmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Tingkai" title="Cai Tingkai">Cai Tingkai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Guoqing" title="Wei Guoqing">Wei Guoqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Zihui" title="Deng Zihui">Deng Zihui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Siguang" title="Li Siguang">Li Siguang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fu_Zuoyi" title="Fu Zuoyi">Fu Zuoyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teng_Daiyuan" title="Teng Daiyuan">Teng Daiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xie_Juezai" title="Xie Juezai">Xie Juezai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Dun" title="Mao Dun">Mao Dun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Zhuchen" title="Li Zhuchen">Li Zhuchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Deheng" title="Xu Deheng">Xu Deheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Dequan" title="Li Dequan">Li Dequan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Xulun" title="Ma Xulun">Ma Xulun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5th<br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(1978–1983)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ulanhu" title="Ulanhu">Ulanhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Guoqing" title="Wei Guoqing">Wei Guoqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peng_Chong" title="Peng Chong">Peng Chong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Ziyang" title="Zhao Ziyang">Zhao Ziyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Moruo" title="Guo Moruo">Guo Moruo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_Renqiong" title="Song Renqiong">Song Renqiong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Dun" title="Mao Dun">Mao Dun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Deheng" title="Xu Deheng">Xu Deheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouyang_Qin" title="Ouyang Qin">Ouyang Qin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Liang" title="Shi Liang">Shi Liang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Yunshan" title="Zhu Yunshan">Zhu Yunshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Keqing" title="Kang Keqing">Kang Keqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji_Fang" title="Ji Fang">Ji Fang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Shoudao" title="Wang Shoudao">Wang Shoudao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Jingren" title="Yang Jingren">Yang Jingren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Chong_(politician)" title="Zhang Chong (politician)">Zhang Chong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Jianren" title="Zhou Jianren">Zhou Jianren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuang_Xiquan" title="Zhuang Xiquan">Zhuang Xiquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Zi%27ang" title="Hu Zi'ang">Hu Zi'ang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rong_Yiren" title="Rong Yiren">Rong Yiren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tong_Dizhou" title="Tong Dizhou">Tong Dizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Lantao" title="Liu Lantao">Liu Lantao</a> (added; <a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Secretary-General of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Dingyi" title="Lu Dingyi">Lu Dingyi</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Weihan" title="Li Weihan">Li Weihan</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Yuzhi" title="Hu Yuzhi">Hu Yuzhi</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Kunlun" title="Wang Kunlun">Wang Kunlun</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choekyi_Gyaltsen,_10th_Panchen_Lama" title="Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama">Choekyi Gyaltsen, Panchen Erdeni</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Changgong" title="He Changgong">He Changgong</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_Ke" title="Xiao Ke">Xiao Ke</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Zihua" title="Cheng Zihua">Cheng Zihua</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Xiufeng" title="Yang Xiufeng">Yang Xiufeng</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sha_Qianli" title="Sha Qianli">Sha Qianli</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhan_Shahidi" title="Burhan Shahidi">Burhan Shahidi</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Peiyuan" title="Zhou Peiyuan">Zhou Peiyuan</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Changzhao" title="Qian Changzhao">Qian Changzhao</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Fei_(politician)" title="Liu Fei (politician)">Liu Fei</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dong_Qiwu" title="Dong Qiwu">Dong Qiwu</a> (added)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">6th<br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(1983–1988)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Jingren" title="Yang Jingren">Yang Jingren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Lantao" title="Liu Lantao">Liu Lantao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Dingyi" title="Lu Dingyi">Lu Dingyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Zihua" title="Cheng Zihua">Cheng Zihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Keqing" title="Kang Keqing">Kang Keqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji_Fang" title="Ji Fang">Ji Fang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuang_Xiquan" title="Zhuang Xiquan">Zhuang Xiquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Zi%27ang" title="Hu Zi'ang">Hu Zi'ang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Kunlun" title="Wang Kunlun">Wang Kunlun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Changzhao" title="Qian Changzhao">Qian Changzhao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dong_Qiwu" title="Dong Qiwu">Dong Qiwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tao_Zhiyue" title="Tao Zhiyue">Tao Zhiyue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Shutao" title="Zhou Shutao">Zhou Shutao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Chengwu" title="Yang Chengwu">Yang Chengwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_Hua_(general)" title="Xiao Hua (general)">Xiao Hua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Zaidao" title="Chen Zaidao">Chen Zaidao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BC_Zhengcao" title="Lü Zhengcao">Lü Zhengcao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Jianren" title="Zhou Jianren">Zhou Jianren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Peiyuan" title="Zhou Peiyuan">Zhou Peiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhan_Shahidi" title="Burhan Shahidi">Burhan Shahidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miao_Yuntai" title="Miao Yuntai">Miao Yuntai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Guangying" title="Wang Guangying">Wang Guangying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Zhaoxiang" title="Deng Zhaoxiang">Deng Zhaoxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fei_Xiaotong" title="Fei Xiaotong">Fei Xiaotong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Puchu" title="Zhao Puchu">Zhao Puchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Shengtao" title="Ye Shengtao">Ye Shengtao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu_Wu" title="Qu Wu">Qu Wu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba_Jin" title="Ba Jin">Ba Jin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Wenrui" title="Ma Wenrui">Ma Wenrui</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Yisheng" title="Mao Yisheng">Mao Yisheng</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Jingji" title="Liu Jingji">Liu Jingji</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hua_Luogeng" title="Hua Luogeng">Hua Luogeng</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Enmao" title="Wang Enmao">Wang Enmao</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Xuesen" title="Qian Xuesen">Qian Xuesen</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_Jieqiong" title="Lei Jieqiong">Lei Jieqiong</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Feng_(politician)" title="Wang Feng (politician)">Wang Feng</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Weichang" title="Qian Weichang">Qian Weichang</a> (added)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">7th<br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(1988–1993)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Renzhong" title="Wang Renzhong">Wang Renzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan_Mingfu" title="Yan Mingfu">Yan Mingfu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fang_Yi" title="Fang Yi">Fang Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Mu" title="Gu Mu">Gu Mu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Jingren" title="Yang Jingren">Yang Jingren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Keqing" title="Kang Keqing">Kang Keqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Zi%27ang" title="Hu Zi'ang">Hu Zi'ang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Changzhao" title="Qian Changzhao">Qian Changzhao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Peiyuan" title="Zhou Peiyuan">Zhou Peiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miao_Yuntai" title="Miao Yuntai">Miao Yuntai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Guangying" title="Wang Guangying">Wang Guangying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Zhaoxiang" title="Deng Zhaoxiang">Deng Zhaoxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Puchu" title="Zhao Puchu">Zhao Puchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu_Wu" title="Qu Wu">Qu Wu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba_Jin" title="Ba Jin">Ba Jin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Wenrui" title="Ma Wenrui">Ma Wenrui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Jingji" title="Liu Jingji">Liu Jingji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Enmao" title="Wang Enmao">Wang Enmao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Xuesen" title="Qian Xuesen">Qian Xuesen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Weichang" title="Qian Weichang">Qian Weichang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Sheng" title="Hu Sheng">Hu Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Xiaocun" title="Sun Xiaocun">Sun Xiaocun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Siyuan" title="Cheng Siyuan">Cheng Siyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Jiaxi_(chemist)" title="Lu Jiaxi (chemist)">Lu Jiaxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Zhengying" title="Qian Zhengying">Qian Zhengying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Buqing" title="Su Buqing">Su Buqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Amat" title="Ismail Amat">Ismail Amat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hou_Jingru" title="Hou Jingru">Hou Jingru</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._H._Ting" title="K. H. Ting">K. H. Ting</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Xuezhi" title="Hong Xuezhi">Hong Xuezhi</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Xuanping" title="Ye Xuanping">Ye Xuanping</a> (added)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">8th<br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(1993–1998)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Xuanping" title="Ye Xuanping">Ye Xuanping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Xueqian" title="Wu Xueqian">Wu Xueqian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Rudai" title="Yang Rudai">Yang Rudai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhaoguo" title="Wang Zhaoguo">Wang Zhaoguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saifuddin_Azizi" title="Saifuddin Azizi">Saifuddin Azizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Xuezhi" title="Hong Xuezhi">Hong Xuezhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Jingren" title="Yang Jingren">Yang Jingren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Peiyuan" title="Zhou Peiyuan">Zhou Peiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Zhaoxiang" title="Deng Zhaoxiang">Deng Zhaoxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Puchu" title="Zhao Puchu">Zhao Puchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba_Jin" title="Ba Jin">Ba Jin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Jingji" title="Liu Jingji">Liu Jingji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Xuesen" title="Qian Xuesen">Qian Xuesen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Weichang" title="Qian Weichang">Qian Weichang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Sheng" title="Hu Sheng">Hu Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Zhengying" title="Qian Zhengying">Qian Zhengying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Buqing" title="Su Buqing">Su Buqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hou_Jingru" title="Hou Jingru">Hou Jingru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._H._Ting" title="K. H. Ting">K. H. Ting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dong_Yinchu" title="Dong Yinchu">Dong Yinchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Fuling" title="Sun Fuling">Sun Fuling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Tse-kai" title="Ann Tse-kai">Ann Tse-kai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fok" title="Henry Fok">Henry Fok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Man-kei" title="Ma Man-kei">Ma Man-kei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Guangya" title="Zhu Guangya">Zhu Guangya</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Guoquan" title="Wan Guoquan">Wan Guoquan</a> (added)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Luli" title="He Luli">He Luli</a> (added)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">9th<br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(1998–2003)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Xuanping" title="Ye Xuanping">Ye Xuanping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Rudai" title="Yang Rudai">Yang Rudai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhaoguo" title="Wang Zhaoguo">Wang Zhaoguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Puchu" title="Zhao Puchu">Zhao Puchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba_Jin" title="Ba Jin">Ba Jin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Weichang" title="Qian Weichang">Qian Weichang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Jiaxi_(chemist)" title="Lu Jiaxi (chemist)">Lu Jiaxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren_Jianxin" title="Ren Jianxin">Ren Jianxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_Jian" title="Song Jian">Song Jian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Guixian" title="Li Guixian">Li Guixian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Junsheng" title="Chen Junsheng">Chen Junsheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Siqing" title="Zhang Siqing">Zhang Siqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Zhengying" title="Qian Zhengying">Qian Zhengying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._H._Ting" title="K. H. Ting">K. H. Ting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Fuling" title="Sun Fuling">Sun Fuling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Tse-kai" title="Ann Tse-kai">Ann Tse-kai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fok" title="Henry Fok">Henry Fok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Man-kei" title="Ma Man-kei">Ma Man-kei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Guangya" title="Zhu Guangya">Zhu Guangya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Guoquan" title="Wan Guoquan">Wan Guoquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Qili" title="Hu Qili">Hu Qili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Jinhua" title="Chen Jinhua">Chen Jinhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Nanqi" title="Zhao Nanqi">Zhao Nanqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zhiyong" title="Mao Zhiyong">Mao Zhiyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bai_Lichen" title="Bai Lichen">Bai Lichen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jing_Shuping" title="Jing Shuping">Jing Shuping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Haocai" title="Luo Haocai">Luo Haocai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Kehui" title="Zhang Kehui">Zhang Kehui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Tienong" title="Zhou Tienong">Zhou Tienong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Wenyuan" title="Wang Wenyuan">Wang Wenyuan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">10th<br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(2003–2008)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhongyu_(politician,_born_1933)" title="Wang Zhongyu (politician, born 1933)">Wang Zhongyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liao_Hui_(politician)" title="Liao Hui (politician)">Liao Hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Yandong" title="Liu Yandong">Liu Yandong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba_Jin" title="Ba Jin">Ba Jin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Guixian" title="Li Guixian">Li Guixian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Siqing" title="Zhang Siqing">Zhang Siqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._H._Ting" title="K. H. Ting">K. H. Ting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fok" title="Henry Fok">Henry Fok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Man-kei" title="Ma Man-kei">Ma Man-kei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bai_Lichen" title="Bai Lichen">Bai Lichen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Haocai" title="Luo Haocai">Luo Haocai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Kehui" title="Zhang Kehui">Zhang Kehui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Tienong" title="Zhou Tienong">Zhou Tienong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hao_Jianxiu" title="Hao Jianxiu">Hao Jianxiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Kuiyuan" title="Chen Kuiyuan">Chen Kuiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ablet_Abdureshit" title="Ablet Abdureshit">Ablet Abdureshit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Kuangdi" title="Xu Kuangdi">Xu Kuangdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Zhaozhuo" title="Li Zhaozhuo">Li Zhaozhuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Mengfu" title="Huang Mengfu">Huang Mengfu</a></li> <li>Wang Xuan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Huaixi" title="Zhang Huaixi">Zhang Huaixi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Meng_(politician)" title="Li Meng (politician)">Li Meng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tung_Chee-hwa" title="Tung Chee-hwa">Tung Chee-hwa</a> (added 2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Meiying" title="Zhang Meiying">Zhang Meiying</a> (added 2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Rongming" title="Zhang Rongming">Zhang Rongming</a> (added 2005)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">11th<br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(2008–2013)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Gang_(politician)" title="Wang Gang (politician)">Wang Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liao_Hui_(politician)" title="Liao Hui (politician)">Liao Hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Du_Qinglin" title="Du Qinglin">Du Qinglin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngapoi_Ngawang_Jigme" title="Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme">Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Man-kei" title="Ma Man-kei">Ma Man-kei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bai_Lichen" title="Bai Lichen">Bai Lichen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Kuiyuan" title="Chen Kuiyuan">Chen Kuiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ablet_Abdureshit" title="Ablet Abdureshit">Ablet Abdureshit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Zhaozhuo" title="Li Zhaozhuo">Li Zhaozhuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Mengfu" title="Huang Mengfu">Huang Mengfu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tung_Chee-hwa" title="Tung Chee-hwa">Tung Chee-hwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Meiying" title="Zhang Meiying">Zhang Meiying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Rongming" title="Zhang Rongming">Zhang Rongming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qian_Yunlu" title="Qian Yunlu">Qian Yunlu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Secretary-General of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Jiazheng" title="Sun Jiazheng">Sun Jiazheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jinhua" title="Li Jinhua">Li Jinhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zheng_Wantong" title="Zheng Wantong">Zheng Wantong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Pufang" title="Deng Pufang">Deng Pufang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Gang" title="Wan Gang">Wan Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin_Wenyi" title="Lin Wenyi">Lin Wenyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Wuwei" title="Li Wuwei">Li Wuwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Fuhe" title="Luo Fuhe">Luo Fuhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Zongxing" title="Chen Zongxing">Chen Zongxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhizhen" title="Wang Zhizhen">Wang Zhizhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ho" title="Edmund Ho">Edmund Ho</a> (added 2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">12th<br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(2013–2018)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Du_Qinglin" title="Du Qinglin">Du Qinglin</a></li> <li><s><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ling Jihua</a></s> (removed 2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Qide" title="Han Qide">Han Qide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tung_Chee-hwa" title="Tung Chee-hwa">Tung Chee-hwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Gang" title="Wan Gang">Wan Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin_Wenyi" title="Lin Wenyi">Lin Wenyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Fuhe" title="Luo Fuhe">Luo Fuhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ho" title="Edmund Ho">Edmund Ho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Qingli" title="Zhang Qingli">Zhang Qingli</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Secretary-General of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Haifeng" title="Li Haifeng">Li Haifeng</a></li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/Su_Rong" title="Su Rong">Su Rong</a></s> (removed 2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yuan" title="Chen Yuan">Chen Yuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Zhangong" title="Lu Zhangong">Lu Zhangong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Xiaochuan" title="Zhou Xiaochuan">Zhou Xiaochuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Jiarui" title="Wang Jiarui">Wang Jiarui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhengwei" title="Wang Zhengwei">Wang Zhengwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Biao_(politician)" title="Ma Biao (politician)">Ma Biao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qi_Xuchun" title="Qi Xuchun">Qi Xuchun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Xiaoguang" title="Chen Xiaoguang">Chen Xiaoguang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Peihua" title="Ma Peihua">Ma Peihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Xiaofeng_(politician)" title="Liu Xiaofeng (politician)">Liu Xiaofeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Qinmin" title="Wang Qinmin">Wang Qinmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leung_Chun-ying" title="Leung Chun-ying">Leung Chun-ying</a> (added 2017)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">13th<br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(2018–2023)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Qingli" title="Zhang Qingli">Zhang Qingli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Qibao" title="Liu Qibao">Liu Qibao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tung_Chee-hwa" title="Tung Chee-hwa">Tung Chee-hwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Gang" title="Wan Gang">Wan Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ho" title="Edmund Ho">Edmund Ho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Zhangong" title="Lu Zhangong">Lu Zhangong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhengwei" title="Wang Zhengwei">Wang Zhengwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Biao_(politician)" title="Ma Biao (politician)">Ma Biao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Xiaoguang" title="Chen Xiaoguang">Chen Xiaoguang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leung_Chun-ying" title="Leung Chun-ying">Leung Chun-ying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xia_Baolong" title="Xia Baolong">Xia Baolong</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Secretary-General of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Chuantang" title="Yang Chuantang">Yang Chuantang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Bin_(politician)" title="Li Bin (politician)">Li Bin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Secretary-General of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagatur" title="Bagatur">Bagatur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yongqing" title="Wang Yongqing">Wang Yongqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Lifeng" title="He Lifeng">He Lifeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Hui_(politician)" title="Su Hui (politician)">Su Hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zheng_Jianbang" title="Zheng Jianbang">Zheng Jianbang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Shengzu" title="Gu Shengzu">Gu Shengzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Xincheng" title="Liu Xincheng">Liu Xincheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Wei" title="He Wei">He Wei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shao_Hong" title="Shao Hong">Shao Hong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Yunlong" title="Gao Yunlong">Gao Yunlong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">14th<br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(2023–present)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Taifeng" title="Shi Taifeng">Shi Taifeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Chunhua" title="Hu Chunhua">Hu Chunhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Yueyue" title="Shen Yueyue">Shen Yueyue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yong_(politician)" title="Wang Yong (politician)">Wang Yong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Qiang" title="Zhou Qiang">Zhou Qiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagbalha_Geleg_Namgyai" title="Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai">Pagbalha Geleg Namgyai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ho" title="Edmund Ho">Edmund Ho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leung_Chun-ying" title="Leung Chun-ying">Leung Chun-ying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagatur" title="Bagatur">Bagatur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Hui_(politician)" title="Su Hui (politician)">Su Hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shao_Hong" title="Shao Hong">Shao Hong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Yunlong" title="Gao Yunlong">Gao Yunlong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Wu_(politician)" title="Chen Wu (politician)">Chen Wu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu_Hong" title="Mu Hong">Mu Hong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xian_Hui" title="Xian Hui">Xian Hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Dongfeng" title="Wang Dongfeng">Wang Dongfeng</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Secretary-General of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">secretary-general</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Xinzhi" title="Jiang Xinzhi">Jiang Xinzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zuojun" title="Jiang Zuojun">Jiang Zuojun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Baoxiang" title="He Baoxiang">He Baoxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wang_Guangqian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wang Guangqian (page does not exist)">Wang Guangqian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qin_Boyong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qin Boyong (page does not exist)">Qin Boyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Yongxin" title="Zhu Yongxin">Zhu Yongxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Zhen_(politician)" title="Yang Zhen (politician)">Yang Zhen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Heads_of_the_United_Front_Work_Department86" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Heads_of_the_United_Front_Work_Department" title="Template:Heads of the United Front Work 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title="Zhou Enlai">Zhou Enlai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Ming" title="Wang Ming">Wang Ming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai">Zhou Enlai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Weihan" title="Li Weihan">Li Weihan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Bing_(politician)" title="Xu Bing (politician)">Xu Bing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Dazhang" title="Li Dazhang">Li Dazhang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulanhu" title="Ulanhu">Ulanhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Jingren" title="Yang Jingren">Yang Jingren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan_Mingfu" title="Yan Mingfu">Yan Mingfu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Guangen" title="Ding Guangen">Ding Guangen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhaoguo" title="Wang Zhaoguo">Wang Zhaoguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Yandong" title="Liu Yandong">Liu Yandong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Du_Qinglin" title="Du Qinglin">Du Qinglin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ling Jihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Yandong" title="Liu Yandong">Liu Yandong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Chunlan" title="Sun Chunlan">Sun Chunlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/You_Quan" title="You Quan">You Quan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Taifeng" title="Shi Taifeng">Shi Taifeng</a></li></ol> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Directors_of_the_General_Office_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party369" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Directors_of_the_General_Office_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Template:Directors of the General Office of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Directors_of_the_General_Office_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Directors of the General Office of the Chinese Communist Party (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Directors_of_the_General_Office_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Directors of the General Office of the Chinese Communist Party"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Directors_of_the_General_Office_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party369" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_General_Office_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Director of the General Office of the Chinese Communist Party">Directors of the General Office of the Chinese Communist Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Directors of the General Office of the <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party">Secretariat</a><br />(1941-1948)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Fuchun" title="Li Fuchun">Li Fuchun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Shangkun" title="Yang Shangkun">Yang Shangkun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Directors of the General Office of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Central Committee</a><br />(1948–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Shangkun" title="Yang Shangkun">Yang Shangkun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao_Yilin" title="Yao Yilin">Yao Yilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Qili" title="Hu Qili">Hu Qili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiao_Shi" title="Qiao Shi">Qiao Shi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhaoguo" title="Wang Zhaoguo">Wang Zhaoguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wen_Jiabao" title="Wen Jiabao">Wen Jiabao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeng_Qinghong" title="Zeng Qinghong">Zeng Qinghong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Gang_(politician)" title="Wang Gang (politician)">Wang Gang</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ling Jihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Zhanshu" title="Li Zhanshu">Li Zhanshu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Xuexiang" title="Ding Xuexiang">Ding Xuexiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Qi" title="Cai Qi">Cai Qi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Anti-corruption_campaign_under_Xi_Jinping_(2012–2017)774" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CCPCorruption2013" title="Template:CCPCorruption2013"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CCPCorruption2013" title="Template talk:CCPCorruption2013"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CCPCorruption2013" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CCPCorruption2013"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Anti-corruption_campaign_under_Xi_Jinping_(2012–2017)774" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Anti-corruption_campaign_under_Xi_Jinping" title="Anti-corruption campaign under Xi Jinping">Anti-corruption campaign under Xi Jinping</a> (2012–2017)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Campaign oversight</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a> (CCP General Secretary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Qishan" title="Wang Qishan">Wang Qishan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection" title="Central Commission for Discipline Inspection">Central Commission for Discipline Inspection</a> Secretary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Hongzhu" title="Zhao Hongzhu">Zhao Hongzhu</a> (CCDI Deputy Secretary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Du_Jincai" title="Du Jincai">Du Jincai</a> (Military Discipline Secretary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Leading_Group_for_Inspection_Work" title="Central Leading Group for Inspection Work">Central Leading Group for Inspection Work</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implicated people<br />(<a href="/wiki/Officials_implicated_by_the_anti-corruption_campaign_in_China_since_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Officials implicated by the anti-corruption campaign in China since 2012">full list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#F4F0EC"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Central Committee</a> members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Yongkang" title="Zhou Yongkang">Zhou Yongkang</a><sup>PB</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Boxiong" title="Guo Boxiong">Guo Boxiong</a><sup>PB; PLA</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Caihou" title="Xu Caihou">Xu Caihou</a><sup>PB; PLA</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Zhengcai" title="Sun Zhengcai">Sun Zhengcai</a><sup>PB</sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ling Jihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Rong" title="Su Rong">Su Rong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Benshun" title="Zhou Benshun">Zhou Benshun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Min_(born_1950)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wang Min (born 1950)">Wang Min</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Shulin" title="Su Shulin">Su Shulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Dongliang" title="Yang Dongliang">Yang Dongliang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Jinshan" title="Yang Jinshan">Yang Jinshan</a><sup>PLA</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Dongsheng" title="Li Dongsheng">Li Dongsheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Jiemin" title="Jiang Jiemin">Jiang Jiemin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bai_Enpei" title="Bai Enpei">Bai Enpei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tian_Xiusi" title="Tian Xiusi">Tian Xiusi</a><sup>PLA</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Jianping" title="Wang Jianping">Wang Jianping</a><sup>PLA</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Xibin" title="Wang Xibin">Wang Xibin</a><sup>PLA</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Xingguo" title="Huang Xingguo">Huang Xingguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Huaishan" title="Sun Huaishan">Sun Huaishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Liguo" title="Li Liguo">Li Liguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiang_Junbo" title="Xiang Junbo">Xiang Junbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Sanyun" title="Wang Sanyun">Wang Sanyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Huanning" title="Yang Huanning">Yang Huanning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Yang_(general)" title="Zhang Yang (general)">Zhang Yang</a><sup>PLA; S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fang_Fenghui" title="Fang Fenghui">Fang Fenghui</a><sup>PLA</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Aiying" title="Wu Aiying">Wu Aiying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Zhijun" title="Liu Zhijun">Liu Zhijun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central Committee alternate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Chuncheng" title="Li Chuncheng">Li Chuncheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Chuanping" title="Chen Chuanping">Chen Chuanping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_Yiyang" title="Pan Yiyang">Pan Yiyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Mingguo" title="Zhu Mingguo">Zhu Mingguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Qingliang" title="Wan Qingliang">Wan Qingliang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Min_(born_1956)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wang Min (born 1956)">Wang Min</a> <span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-CN">(王敏)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yongchun_(executive)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wang Yongchun (executive)">Wang Yongchun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Weize" title="Yang Weize">Yang Weize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Gang_(politician)" title="Yang Gang (politician)">Yang Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiu_He" title="Qiu He">Qiu He</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_Yuanhui" title="Yu Yuanhui">Yu Yuanhui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BC_Xiwen" title="Lü Xiwen">Lü Xiwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Yunfeng" title="Li Yunfeng">Li Yunfeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niu_Zhizhong" title="Niu Zhizhong">Niu Zhizhong</a><sup>PLA</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Chongyong" title="Yang Chongyong">Yang Chongyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mo_Jiancheng" title="Mo Jiancheng">Mo Jiancheng</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhang_Xiwu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhang Xiwu (page does not exist)">Zhang Xiwu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central organs and <br /><a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprise" title="State-owned enterprise">State-owned enterprises</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Xiyou" title="Cai Xiyou">Cai Xiyou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang_Xiaobing" title="Chang Xiaobing">Chang Xiaobing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dai_Chunning" title="Dai Chunning">Dai Chunning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Qilin" title="Deng Qilin">Deng Qilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Jiacheng" title="He Jiacheng">He Jiacheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Jiemin" title="Jiang Jiemin">Jiang Jiemin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Dongsheng" title="Li Dongsheng">Li Dongsheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Hualin" title="Li Hualin">Li Hualin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liao_Yongyuan" title="Liao Yongyuan">Liao Yongyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Tienan" title="Liu Tienan">Liu Tienan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qi_Pingjing" title="Qi Pingjing">Qi Pingjing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Dingcheng" title="Shen Dingcheng">Shen Dingcheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Weichen" title="Shen Weichen">Shen Weichen</a><sup>CDI</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Si_Xianmin" title="Si Xianmin">Si Xianmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_Lin" title="Song Lin">Song Lin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Hongzhi" title="Sun Hongzhi">Sun Hongzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Zhaoxue" title="Sun Zhaoxue">Sun Zhaoxue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Shuaiting" title="Wang Shuaiting">Wang Shuaiting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Tianpu" title="Wang Tianpu">Wang Tianpu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yongchun_(executive)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wang Yongchun (executive)">Wang Yongchun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Pengyuan" title="Wei Pengyuan">Wei Pengyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Xiaoming" title="Xi Xiaoming">Xi Xiaoming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao_Tian" title="Xiao Tian">Xiao Tian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Jianyi" title="Xu Jianyi">Xu Jianyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Jie_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Xu Jie (politician)">Xu Jie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Yongsheng" title="Xu Yongsheng">Xu Yongsheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Gang_(politician)" title="Yang Gang (politician)">Yang Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao_Gang" title="Yao Gang">Yao Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao_Zhongmin" title="Yao Zhongmin">Yao Zhongmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yi_Junqing" title="Yi Junqing">Yi Junqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Lijun_(politician)" title="Zhang Lijun (politician)">Zhang Lijun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Yun_(banker)" title="Zhang Yun (banker)">Zhang Yun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Fushou" title="Zhu Fushou">Zhu Fushou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Officials of <br />Provincial-ministerial rank<sup>1</sup> <br />(incl. sub-provincial)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ai_Baojun" title="Ai Baojun">Ai Baojun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bai_Xueshan" title="Bai Xueshan">Bai Xueshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bai_Yun_(politician)" title="Bai Yun (politician)">Bai Yun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cao_Jianfang" title="Cao Jianfang">Cao Jianfang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Anzhong" title="Chen Anzhong">Chen Anzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Baihuai" title="Chen Baihuai">Chen Baihuai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Shulong" title="Chen Shulong">Chen Shulong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Tiexin" title="Chen Tiexin">Chen Tiexin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Xu_(prosecutor)" title="Chen Xu (prosecutor)">Chen Xu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Xuefeng" title="Chen Xuefeng">Chen Xuefeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dou_Yupei" title="Dou Yupei">Dou Yupei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Du_Shanxue" title="Du Shanxue">Du Shanxue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fan_Jian_(officer)" title="Fan Jian (officer)">Fan Jian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fu_Xiaoguang" title="Fu Xiaoguang">Fu Xiaoguang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gai_Ruyin" title="Gai Ruyin">Gai Ruyin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong_Qinggai" title="Gong Qinggai">Gong Qinggai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Chunli" title="Gu Chunli">Gu Chunli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Yongxiang" title="Guo Yongxiang">Guo Yongxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Youming" title="Guo Youming">Guo Youming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Xiancong" title="Han Xiancong">Han Xiancong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Xuejian" title="Han Xuejian">Han Xuejian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Zhiran" title="Han Zhiran">Han Zhiran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Jiatie" title="He Jiatie">He Jiatie</a><sup>CDI</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji_Jianye" title="Ji Jianye">Ji Jianye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji_Wenlin" title="Ji Wenlin">Ji Wenlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jin_Daoming" title="Jin Daoming">Jin Daoming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jing_Chunhua" title="Jing Chunhua">Jing Chunhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kong_Lingzhong" title="Kong Lingzhong">Kong Lingzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lai_Derong" title="Lai Derong">Lai Derong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Dake" title="Le Dake">Le Dake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Chengyun" title="Li Chengyun">Li Chengyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Chongxi" title="Li Chongxi">Li Chongxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Daqiu" title="Li Daqiu">Li Daqiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jia_(born_1964)" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Jia (born 1964)">Li Jia</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-CN">李嘉</span></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jianbo_(politician)" title="Li Jianbo (politician)">Li Jianbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Wenke" title="Li Wenke">Li Wenke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Zhi_(politician)" title="Li Zhi (politician)">Li Zhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liang_Bin" title="Liang Bin">Liang Bin</a><sup>CDI</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liao_Shaohua" title="Liao Shaohua">Liao Shaohua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ling_Zhengce" title="Ling Zhengce">Ling Zhengce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Lizu" title="Liu Lizu">Liu Lizu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Xinqi" title="Liu Xinqi">Liu Xinqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Zhigeng" title="Liu Zhigeng">Liu Zhigeng</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liu_Zhiyong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liu Zhiyong (page does not exist)">Liu Zhiyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Wucheng" title="Lu Wucheng">Lu Wucheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Ziyue" title="Lu Ziyue">Lu Ziyue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Jian_(politician)" title="Ma Jian (politician)">Ma Jian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Xiaobing" title="Mao Xiaobing">Mao Xiaobing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni_Fake" title="Ni Fake">Ni Fake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nie_Chunyu" title="Nie Chunyu">Nie Chunyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qin_Yuhai" title="Qin Yuhai">Qin Yuhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren_Runhou" title="Ren Runhou">Ren Runhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_Peiping" title="Shen Peiping">Shen Peiping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Si_Xinliang" title="Si Xinliang">Si Xinliang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Hongzhang" title="Su Hongzhang">Su Hongzhang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sui_Fengfu" title="Sui Fengfu">Sui Fengfu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Qingyun" title="Sun Qingyun">Sun Qingyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Li" title="Tan Li">Tan Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Qiwei" title="Tan Qiwei">Tan Qiwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tong_Mingqian" title="Tong Mingqian">Tong Mingqian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Bao%27an" title="Wang Bao'an">Wang Bao'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Suyi" title="Wang Suyi">Wang Suyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yang_(born_1957)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wang Yang (born 1957)">Wang Yang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wang_Zhongtian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wang Zhongtian (page does not exist)">Wang Zhongtian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Hong" title="Wei Hong">Wei Hong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Minzhou" title="Wei Minzhou">Wei Minzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Changshun" title="Wu Changshun">Wu Changshun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Tianjun" title="Wu Tianjun">Wu Tianjun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Yongwen" title="Wu Yongwen">Wu Yongwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Aimin" title="Xu Aimin">Xu Aimin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Gang_(politician)" title="Xu Gang (politician)">Xu Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yan_Shiyuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yan Shiyuan (page does not exist)">Yan Shiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Baohua" title="Yang Baohua">Yang Baohua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Luyu" title="Yang Luyu">Yang Luyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Zhenchao" title="Yang Zhenchao">Yang Zhenchao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao_Mugen" title="Yao Mugen">Yao Mugen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yin_Hailin" title="Yin Hailin">Yin Hailin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_Haiyan" title="Yu Haiyan">Yu Haiyan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhang_Lifu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhang Lifu (page does not exist)">Zhang Lifu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Tianxin" title="Zhang Tianxin">Zhang Tianxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Yue_(PRC_politician)" title="Zhang Yue (PRC politician)">Zhang Yue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Wenxiong" title="Zhang Wenxiong">Zhang Wenxiong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Liping" title="Zhao Liping">Zhao Liping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Shaolin" title="Zhao Shaolin">Zhao Shaolin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Zhiyong" title="Zhao Zhiyong">Zhao Zhiyong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zheng_Yuzhuo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zheng Yuzhuo (page does not exist)">Zheng Yuzhuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Chunyu" title="Zhou Chunyu">Zhou Chunyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Zuoli" title="Zhu Zuoli">Zhu Zuoli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military generals<sup>2</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Guangliao" title="Cai Guangliao">Cai Guangliao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Qiang_(general)" title="Chen Qiang (general)">Chen Qiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dai_Weimin" title="Dai Weimin">Dai Weimin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Ruihua" title="Deng Ruihua">Deng Ruihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dong_Mingxiang" title="Dong Mingxiang">Dong Mingxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duan_Tianjie" title="Duan Tianjie">Duan Tianjie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fan_Changmi" title="Fan Changmi">Fan Changmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fang_Fenghui" title="Fang Fenghui">Fang Fenghui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fang_Wenping" title="Fang Wenping">Fang Wenping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fu_Linguo" title="Fu Linguo">Fu Linguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fu_Yi_(general)" title="Fu Yi (general)">Fu Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Xiaoyan" title="Gao Xiaoyan">Gao Xiaoyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Junshan" title="Gu Junshan">Gu Junshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Boxiong" title="Guo Boxiong">Guo Boxiong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Zhenggang" title="Guo Zhenggang">Guo Zhenggang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zhonghua" title="Jiang Zhonghua">Jiang Zhonghua</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kou_Tie" title="Kou Tie">Kou Tie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Zhanqi" title="Liu Zhanqi">Liu Zhanqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Zheng" title="Liu Zheng">Liu Zheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Faxiang" title="Ma Faxiang">Ma Faxiang</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niu_Zhizhong" title="Niu Zhizhong">Niu Zhizhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tian_Xiusi" title="Tian Xiusi">Tian Xiusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Jianping" title="Wang Jianping">Wang Jianping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Minggui" title="Wang Minggui">Wang Minggui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Xibin" title="Wang Xibin">Wang Xibin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yu_(general)" title="Wang Yu (general)">Wang Yu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Yufa" title="Wang Yufa">Wang Yufa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Jin" title="Wei Jin">Wei Jin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Caihou" title="Xu Caihou">Xu Caihou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Jinshan" title="Yang Jinshan">Yang Jinshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Wanyong_(China)" title="Ye Wanyong (China)">Ye Wanyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_Daqing" title="Yu Daqing">Yu Daqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhan_Guoqiao" title="Zhan Guoqiao">Zhan Guoqiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhan_Jun" title="Zhan Jun">Zhan Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Daixin" title="Zhang Daixin">Zhang Daixin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Qibin" title="Zhang Qibin">Zhang Qibin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Wansong" title="Zhang Wansong">Zhang Wansong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Yang_(general)" title="Zhang Yang (general)">Zhang Yang</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Guotai" title="Zhou Guotai">Zhou Guotai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Minggui" title="Zhou Minggui">Zhou Minggui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Officials at<br /> Prefecture-level rank<sup>1</sup><br /> or below</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adil_Nurmemet" title="Adil Nurmemet">Adil Nurmemet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cao_Jianliao" title="Cao Jianliao">Cao Jianliao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Gui_(politician)" title="Chen Gui (politician)">Chen Gui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Wei_(politician)" title="Chen Wei (politician)">Chen Wei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chu_Zhongzhi" title="Chu Zhongzhi">Chu Zhongzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cong_Wenjing" title="Cong Wenjing">Cong Wenjing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Xuefeng" title="Ding Xuefeng">Ding Xuefeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dong_Hongyun" title="Dong Hongyun">Dong Hongyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Du_Hu" title="Du Hu">Du Hu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fang_Xiping" title="Fang Xiping">Fang Xiping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feng_Lixiang" title="Feng Lixiang">Feng Lixiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Jinsong" title="Gao Jinsong">Gao Jinsong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong_Weiguo" title="Gong Weiguo">Gong Weiguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Yipin" title="Guo Yipin">Guo Yipin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Jinming" title="He Jinming">He Jinming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hou_Fengqi" title="Hou Fengqi">Hou Fengqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huo_Ke" title="Huo Ke">Huo Ke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Shan" title="Jiang Shan">Jiang Shan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zunyu" title="Jiang Zunyu">Jiang Zunyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lan_Jun" title="Lan Jun">Lan Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_Zhengfu" title="Lei Zhengfu">Lei Zhengfu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Jia_(born_1966)" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Jia (born 1966)">Li Jia</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-CN">李佳</span></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Lianyu" title="Li Lianyu">Li Lianyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang_(Lianyungang)" title="Li Qiang (Lianyungang)">Li Qiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Xi_(born_1962)" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Xi (born 1962)">Li Xi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Yilong" title="Li Yilong">Li Yilong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liang_Guoying" title="Liang Guoying">Liang Guoying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liang_Yimin" title="Liang Yimin">Liang Yimin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin_Qiang_(politician)" title="Lin Qiang (politician)">Lin Qiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Guanglong" title="Liu Guanglong">Liu Guanglong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Suiji" title="Liu Suiji">Liu Suiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Chaoqun" title="Ma Chaoqun">Ma Chaoqun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Yong" title="Ma Yong">Ma Yong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qi_Jinli" title="Qi Jinli">Qi Jinli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qin_Jianxiao" title="Qin Jianxiao">Qin Jianxiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Hong" title="Tan Hong">Tan Hong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tang_Aijun" title="Tang Aijun">Tang Aijun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tian_Yubao" title="Tian Yubao">Tian Yubao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zou_Taixin" title="Zou Taixin">Zou Taixin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Jianguo" title="Wang Jianguo">Wang Jianguo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Maoshe" title="Wang Maoshe">Wang Maoshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Ning_(politician,_born_1966)" title="Wang Ning (politician, born 1966)">Wang Ning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Junxing" title="Wei Junxing">Wei Junxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Jide" title="Wu Jide">Wu Jide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Jun" title="Wu Jun">Wu Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Mengjia" title="Xu Mengjia">Xu Mengjia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Xiaobo_(born_1971)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yang Xiaobo (born 1971)">Yang Xiaobo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Xin_(politician)" title="Yang Xin (politician)">Yang Xin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_Gang" title="Yu Gang">Yu Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Kunsheng" title="Zhang Kunsheng">Zhang Kunsheng</a></li> <li><a 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Xilai" title="Bo Xilai">Bo Xilai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraordinary_rendition" title="Extraordinary rendition">Extraordinary rendition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_China" title="Human rights in China">Human rights in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Xiuzhu" title="Yang Xiuzhu">Yang Xiuzhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qincheng_Prison" title="Qincheng Prison">Qincheng Prison</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shuanggui" title="Shuanggui">Shuanggui</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_China" title="Corruption in China">Corruption in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_system_of_China" title="Judicial system of China">Judicial system of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_China" title="Law enforcement in China">Law enforcement in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_security_of_China" title="National security of China">National security of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xishan_Society" title="Xishan Society">Xishan Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight-point_Regulation" title="Eight-point Regulation">Eight-point Regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Fox_Hunt" title="Operation Fox Hunt">Operation Fox Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tian_Xueren" title="Tian Xueren">Tian Xueren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Zhenhong" title="Zhou Zhenhong">Zhou Zhenhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Xiaoxiang" title="Huang Xiaoxiang">Huang Xiaoxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:CCPCorruption2017" title="Template:CCPCorruption2017">Since 19th Party Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup><b>PB</b></sup> Former member of the Politburo; <sup><b>PLA</b></sup> Also a military official; <sup><b>CDI</b></sup> Member of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection" title="Central Commission for Discipline Inspection">Central Commission for Discipline Inspection</a> or affiliates<br />; <sup><b>S</b></sup> Committed suicide<br /><sup><b>1</b></sup>For details on the civil service ranks of officials, please see <a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Service of the People's Republic of China">Civil Service of the People's Republic of China</a>; <br /><sup><b>2</b></sup>Army generals listed have attained at least the rank of Major General, which usually enjoys the same administrative privileges as a civilian official of sub-provincial rank.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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