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career subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Early_political_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Special_Counsel_to_Buddy_Roemer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Special_Counsel_to_Buddy_Roemer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Special Counsel to Buddy Roemer </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Special_Counsel_to_Buddy_Roemer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1991_state_attorney_general_race" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1991_state_attorney_general_race"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 1991 state attorney general race </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1991_state_attorney_general_race-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Louisiana_Secretary_of_Revenue_(1996–1999)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Louisiana_Secretary_of_Revenue_(1996–1999)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Louisiana Secretary of Revenue (1996–1999) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Louisiana_Secretary_of_Revenue_(1996–1999)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Louisiana Secretary of Revenue (1996–1999) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Louisiana_Secretary_of_Revenue_(1996–1999)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Unclaimed_Property_Program" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unclaimed_Property_Program"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Unclaimed Property Program </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unclaimed_Property_Program-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taxpayer_Bill_of_Rights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxpayer_Bill_of_Rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Taxpayer Bill of Rights </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxpayer_Bill_of_Rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Telefile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Telefile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Telefile </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Telefile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gaming_Control_Board" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gaming_Control_Board"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Gaming Control Board </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gaming_Control_Board-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Treasurer_of_Louisiana_(2000–2017)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Treasurer_of_Louisiana_(2000–2017)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Treasurer of Louisiana (2000–2017) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Treasurer_of_Louisiana_(2000–2017)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Treasurer of Louisiana (2000–2017) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Treasurer_of_Louisiana_(2000–2017)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Commission_on_Streamlining_Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commission_on_Streamlining_Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Commission on Streamlining Government </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commission_on_Streamlining_Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unclaimed_property" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unclaimed_property"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Unclaimed property </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unclaimed_property-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Debt_refinance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Debt_refinance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Debt refinance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Debt_refinance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anti-corruption_efforts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anti-corruption_efforts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Anti-corruption efforts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anti-corruption_efforts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tobacco_settlement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tobacco_settlement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Tobacco settlement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tobacco_settlement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-START_college_savings_plan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#START_college_savings_plan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 START college savings plan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-START_college_savings_plan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Switching_political_parties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Switching_political_parties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.7 Switching political parties </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Switching_political_parties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Working_with_governors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Working_with_governors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.8 Working with governors </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Working_with_governors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campaigns_for_U.S._Senate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campaigns_for_U.S._Senate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Campaigns for U.S. Senate </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Campaigns_for_U.S._Senate-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Campaigns for U.S. Senate subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Campaigns_for_U.S._Senate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2004" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2004"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 2004 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2004-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2008" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2008"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 2008 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2008-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2016" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2016"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 2016 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2016-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2022" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2022"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 2022 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2022-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.S._Senate_(2017–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._Senate_(2017–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 U.S. Senate (2017–present) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-U.S._Senate_(2017–present)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle U.S. Senate (2017–present) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-U.S._Senate_(2017–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-115th_Congress_(2017–2019)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#115th_Congress_(2017–2019)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 115th Congress (2017–2019) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-115th_Congress_(2017–2019)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-116th_Congress_(2019–2021)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#116th_Congress_(2019–2021)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 116th Congress (2019–2021) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-116th_Congress_(2019–2021)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-117th_Congress_(2021–2023)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#117th_Congress_(2021–2023)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 117th Congress (2021–2023) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-117th_Congress_(2021–2023)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-118th_Congress_(2023–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#118th_Congress_(2023–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 118th Congress (2023–present) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-118th_Congress_(2023–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Committee_assignments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Committee_assignments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5 Committee assignments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Committee_assignments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_positions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_positions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Political positions </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Political positions subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Judiciary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judiciary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Judiciary </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judiciary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Natural_disasters_and_conservation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_disasters_and_conservation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Natural disasters and conservation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natural_disasters_and_conservation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Health care </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Banking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Banking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5 Banking </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Banking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Immigration_and_border_security" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Immigration_and_border_security"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.6 Immigration and border security </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Immigration_and_border_security-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abortion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abortion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.7 Abortion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abortion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greenhouse_emissions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greenhouse_emissions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.8 Greenhouse emissions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greenhouse_emissions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.9 Guns </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criminal_justice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criminal_justice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.10 Criminal justice </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criminal_justice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Net_neutrality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Net_neutrality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.11 Net neutrality </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Net_neutrality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.12 Foreign policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_image" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_image"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Public image </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Public_image-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Public image subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Public_image-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Speaking_style_in_Congressional_hearings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Speaking_style_in_Congressional_hearings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Speaking style in Congressional hearings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Speaking_style_in_Congressional_hearings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Personal life </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Electoral history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Selected_publications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Selected_publications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Selected publications </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Selected_publications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">John Kennedy (Louisiana politician)</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" > 22 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="جون نيلي كينيدي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جون نيلي كينيدي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="جان نیلی کندی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جان نیلی کندی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Neely_Kennedy" title="John Neely Kennedy – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="John Neely Kennedy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Neely_Kennedy" title="John Neely Kennedy – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="John Neely Kennedy" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Neely_Kennedy" title="John Neely Kennedy – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="John Neely Kennedy" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_N._Kennedy" title="John N. Kennedy – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="John N. Kennedy" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="جان نیلی کندی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جان نیلی کندی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Neely_Kennedy" title="John Neely Kennedy – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="John Neely Kennedy" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_N._Kennedy" title="John N. Kennedy – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="John N. Kennedy" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kennedy_(politikus_Louisiana)" title="John Kennedy (politikus Louisiana) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="John Kennedy (politikus Louisiana)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Neely_Kennedy" title="John Neely Kennedy – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="John Neely Kennedy" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%99" title="ג'ון נילי קנדי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'ון נילי קנדי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kennedy_(Louisiana)" title="John Kennedy (Louisiana) – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="John Kennedy (Louisiana)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Neely_Kennedy" title="John Neely Kennedy – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="John Neely Kennedy" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Neely_Kennedy" title="John Neely Kennedy – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="John Neely Kennedy" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Neely_Kennedy" title="John Neely Kennedy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="John Neely Kennedy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Neely_Kennedy" title="John Neely Kennedy – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="John Neely Kennedy" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">US lawyer and politician</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named John Kennedy, see <a href="/wiki/John_Kennedy_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="John Kennedy (disambiguation)">John Kennedy (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">John Kennedy</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Kennedy,_official_portrait,_115th_Congress_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/John_Kennedy%2C_official_portrait%2C_115th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-John_Kennedy%2C_official_portrait%2C_115th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/John_Kennedy%2C_official_portrait%2C_115th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-John_Kennedy%2C_official_portrait%2C_115th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/John_Kennedy%2C_official_portrait%2C_115th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-John_Kennedy%2C_official_portrait%2C_115th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2403" data-file-height="3004" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 2017</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">Assumed office January 3, 2017<div style="line-height:normal; padding-top:0.2em; padding-bottom:0.1em">Serving with <a href="/wiki/Bill_Cassidy" title="Bill Cassidy">Bill Cassidy</a></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/David_Vitter" title="David Vitter">David Vitter</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Treasurer" title="Louisiana State Treasurer">Treasurer of Louisiana</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office January 10, 2000 – January 3, 2017</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Governor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Foster_(American_politician)" title="Mike Foster (American politician)">Mike Foster</a> <a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Blanco" title="Kathleen Blanco">Kathleen Blanco</a> <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal">Bobby Jindal</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Bel_Edwards" title="John Bel Edwards">John Bel Edwards</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Ken Duncan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Schroder" title="John Schroder">John Schroder</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Secretary of the Louisiana Department of Revenue</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office January 8, 1996 – April 30, 1999</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Governor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Foster_(American_politician)" title="Mike Foster (American politician)">Mike Foster</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Brett Crawford</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">John Neely Kennedy</div> (1951-11-21) November 21, 1951 (age 73) <a href="/wiki/Centreville,_Mississippi" title="Centreville, Mississippi">Centreville, Mississippi</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> (since 2007)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other political affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> (before 2007)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Rebecca Stulb</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1990)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>) <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia" title="University of Virginia">University of Virginia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">JD</a>) <a href="/wiki/Magdalen_College,_Oxford" title="Magdalen College, Oxford">Magdalen College, Oxford</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Civil_Law" title="Bachelor of Civil Law">BCL</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kennedy.senate.gov/public/">Senate website</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Kennedy_explains_his_vote_against_the_2022_$1.7_trillion_omnibus_package.ogg" title="File:John Kennedy explains his vote against the 2022 $1.7 trillion omnibus package.ogg">Kennedy's voice</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="214" data-mwtitle="John_Kennedy_explains_his_vote_against_the_2022_$1.7_trillion_omnibus_package.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/John_Kennedy_explains_his_vote_against_the_2022_%241.7_trillion_omnibus_package.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/John_Kennedy_explains_his_vote_against_the_2022_%241.7_trillion_omnibus_package.ogg/John_Kennedy_explains_his_vote_against_the_2022_%241.7_trillion_omnibus_package.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description">Kennedy explains his vote against the 2022 $1.7 trillion omnibus package Recorded December 22, 2022</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> John Neely Kennedy (born November 21, 1951) is an American lawyer and politician who has served as the <a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Seniority in the United States Senate">junior</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_senator" class="mw-redirect" title="United States senator">United States senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> since 2017. A <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a>, he served as the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Treasurer" title="Louisiana State Treasurer">Louisiana State Treasurer</a> from 2000 to 2017, as Secretary of the Louisiana Department of Revenue from 1996 to 1999,<a href="#cite_note-nola.com-1">[1]</a> and as special counsel and then cabinet member to Governor <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Roemer" title="Buddy Roemer">Buddy Roemer</a> from 1988 to 1992.<a href="#cite_note-nola.com-1">[1]</a> Born in <a href="/wiki/Centreville,_Mississippi" title="Centreville, Mississippi">Centreville, Mississippi</a>, Kennedy graduated from <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia_School_of_Law" title="University of Virginia School of Law">University of Virginia School of Law</a> before attending <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford University</a>. He is not related to President <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> In 1988, Governor Buddy Roemer selected Kennedy to serve as special legal counsel and later appointed him Secretary of the Cabinet.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> He left Roemer's staff in 1991 to unsuccessfully run for <a href="/wiki/List_of_attorneys_general_of_Louisiana" title="List of attorneys general of Louisiana">state attorney general</a> as a Democrat. In 1999, he was elected state treasurer; he was reelected to that position in 2003, 2007, 2011, and 2015. Kennedy was an unsuccessful candidate for U.S. Senate in <a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="2004 United States Senate election in Louisiana">2004</a> and <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="2008 United States Senate election in Louisiana">2008</a>. In 2007, he <a href="/wiki/Party_switching_in_the_United_States" title="Party switching in the United States">switched parties</a> and became a Republican. In <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="2016 United States Senate election in Louisiana">2016</a>, when U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/David_Vitter" title="David Vitter">David Vitter</a> opted not to seek reelection, Kennedy ran for Senate again. He finished first in the November nonpartisan blanket primary and defeated Democrat <a href="/wiki/Foster_Campbell" title="Foster Campbell">Foster Campbell</a> 61%–39% in the December runoff. He was sworn in on January 3, 2017. Kennedy was one of six Republican senators to object to the <a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_Electoral_College_vote_count" title="2021 United States Electoral College vote count">certification</a> of Arizona's electors in the 2020 presidential election. In <a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="2022 United States Senate election in Louisiana">2022</a>, Kennedy was reelected to the U.S. Senate,<a href="#cite_note-:0-4">[4]</a> defeating 12 opponents with 62% of the vote in the first round.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> Kennedy won every parish except <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">Orleans Parish</a> in his 2022 reelection.<a href="#cite_note-politico.com-6">[6]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2></div> Kennedy was born in <a href="/wiki/Centreville,_Mississippi" title="Centreville, Mississippi">Centreville, Mississippi</a>, and raised in <a href="/wiki/Zachary,_Louisiana" title="Zachary, Louisiana">Zachary, Louisiana</a>. He graduated from <a href="/wiki/Zachary_High_School" title="Zachary High School">Zachary High School</a> as co-valedictorian in 1969. He then attended <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a>, where his interdepartmental major was in political science, philosophy and economics. He graduated <a href="/wiki/Magna_cum_laude" class="mw-redirect" title="Magna cum laude">magna cum laude</a>. At Vanderbilt, Kennedy studied philosophy, economics and political science.<a href="#cite_note-John_Kennedy-7">[7]</a> He was elected president of his senior class and named to <a href="/wiki/Phi_Beta_Kappa" title="Phi Beta Kappa">Phi Beta Kappa</a>. He graduated from Vanderbilt in 1973.<a href="#cite_note-John_Kennedy-7">[7]</a> He received a <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a> in 1977 from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia_School_of_Law" title="University of Virginia School of Law">University of Virginia School of Law</a>. There, he was an executive editor of the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Law_Review" title="Virginia Law Review">Virginia Law Review</a> and elected to the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Coif" title="Order of the Coif">Order of the Coif</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> In 1979, he earned a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Civil_Law" title="Bachelor of Civil Law">Bachelor of Civil Law</a> (master's) degree with <a href="/wiki/First_class_honours" class="mw-redirect" title="First class honours">first class honours</a> from Oxford University, where he was a member of <a href="/wiki/Magdalen_College,_Oxford" title="Magdalen College, Oxford">Magdalen College</a> and studied under <a href="/wiki/Rupert_Cross" title="Rupert Cross">Rupert Cross</a> and <a href="/wiki/J._H._C._Morris" title="J. H. C. Morris">John H.C. Morris</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> Kennedy was a partner in the <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge" class="mw-redirect" title="Baton Rouge">Baton Rouge</a> law firm Chaffe McCall from 1985 to 1987 and 1992 to 1996.<a href="#cite_note-ehu0h-12">[12]</a> He also served as an adjunct professor at <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_University" title="Louisiana State University">Louisiana State University's</a> <a href="/wiki/Paul_M._Hebert_Law_Center" title="Paul M. Hebert Law Center">Paul M. Hebert Law Center</a> in Baton Rouge from 2002 to 2016.<a href="#cite_note-biography-13">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_political_career">Early political career</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Special_Counsel_to_Buddy_Roemer">Special Counsel to Buddy Roemer</h3></div> In 1988, Kennedy became special counsel to Governor <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Roemer" title="Buddy Roemer">Buddy Roemer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> In 1991, he was also appointed secretary to the governor's cabinet and served in both posts until 1992. Roemer tasked Kennedy with helping him pass two key priorities: tort and campaign finance reforms.<a href="#cite_note-nola.com-1">[1]</a> Roemer instructed Kennedy to draft the Louisiana Products Liability Act, a bill that aimed to set forth four clear legal theories by which manufacturers could be held liable for damage their products caused.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> The new code also clarified what counted as "unreasonably dangerous" to help make potential sources of liability more predictable to both businesses and buyers with claims.<a href="#cite_note-digitalcommons.law.lsu.edu-16">[16]</a> Roemer then tasked Kennedy with building support for passing the legislation.<a href="#cite_note-Treasure_the_Moment-17">[17]</a> As part of his advocacy, Kennedy published a law review article titled "A Primer on the Louisiana Products Liability Act".<a href="#cite_note-digitalcommons.law.lsu.edu-16">[16]</a> He argued that the Products Liability Act would "bring added clarity, precision and certainty to Louisiana's products liability doctrine" and "strike an equitable balance between the right of a claimant who is injured in a product-related accident to just compensation and the right of the product's manufacturer to be judged fairly."<a href="#cite_note-digitalcommons.law.lsu.edu-16">[16]</a> Kennedy also delivered public testimony before the Louisiana House Committee on Civil Law and Procedure in support of the bill, saying that the bill "provides for a state-of-the-art defense for manufacturers."<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> The Louisiana legislature enacted the Louisiana Products Liability Act in 1988.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Before Roemer's time in office, Louisiana had no limits on individual campaign contributions, which allowed donors to cut massive checks to campaigns without reporting the contributions.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Roemer placed Kennedy in charge of his quest to toughen campaign finance laws, including placing a $5,000 cap on individual contributions to statewide candidates.<a href="#cite_note-Treasure_the_Moment-17">[17]</a> In addition to ushering in the passage of campaign finance and product liability reforms for Roemer's administration, Kennedy led the effort to consolidate Louisiana's four boards of higher education into one. He said the policy would be "fundamental" to improving Louisiana universities' "quality and desegregation".<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> That effort eventually came one vote short of passage.<a href="#cite_note-Treasure_the_Moment-17">[17]</a> Roemer lost his reelection bid in 1991, but ran again in 1995 with Kennedy as his campaign manager.<a href="#cite_note-Treasure_the_Moment-17">[17]</a> Roemer later endorsed Kennedy's bids for Senate.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> Kennedy remained close to Roemer until his death in 2021 and credited the former governor for getting him involved in public service.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1991_state_attorney_general_race">1991 state attorney general race</h3></div> In 1991, Kennedy ran for <a href="/wiki/List_of_attorneys_general_of_Louisiana" title="List of attorneys general of Louisiana">Louisiana attorney general</a> to succeed the retiring <a href="/wiki/William_J._Guste" title="William J. Guste">William J. Guste</a>.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> At 39, he was the youngest candidate in the race.<a href="#cite_note-ehu0h-12">[12]</a> In the state's <a href="/wiki/Jungle_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Jungle primary">jungle primary</a> he received 288,382 votes (20%), placing third behind <a href="/wiki/Ben_Bagert" title="Ben Bagert">Ben Bagert</a>, who received 313,143 (22%), and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Ieyoub" title="Richard Ieyoub">Richard Ieyoub</a>, who received 447,457 (31%).<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Louisiana_Secretary_of_Revenue_(1996–1999)">Louisiana Secretary of Revenue (1996–1999)</h2></div> Following his first stint in state government, Kennedy returned to private law practice until 1996. That year, he was appointed secretary of the state Department of Revenue in the cabinet of Governor <a href="/wiki/Mike_Foster_(American_politician)" title="Mike Foster (American politician)">Mike Foster</a>.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Despite having political differences with Kennedy during his time in Roemer's administration, Foster selected Kennedy for the position and later endorsed him for the U.S. Senate.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Kennedy stepped down as secretary in April 1999 and was replaced by Brett Crawford.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unclaimed_Property_Program">Unclaimed Property Program</h3></div> As secretary of revenue, Kennedy started an initiative to return unclaimed property to the people of Louisiana. At the time, nearly 500,000 people had valuable unclaimed property, such as old bank accounts, stocks, bonds, utility deposits and other lost or forgotten money that had been turned over to the state.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Louisiana was one of 39 states to join an effort to return unclaimed property.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> Kennedy's Louisiana team hosted "Unclaimed Property Awareness Day" at the Lakeside Mall in Metairie, where shoppers claimed more than $365,000 in unclaimed property from the state.<a href="#cite_note-bh1-32">[32]</a> Kennedy also launched a website for Louisiana residents to collect unclaimed property online and continued to hold events throughout the state to help people find their unclaimed money. He continued the unclaimed property effort after being elected treasurer.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taxpayer_Bill_of_Rights">Taxpayer Bill of Rights</h3></div> In 1998, Kennedy advocated for the passage of Act 136, a bill that established a Taxpayer's Bill of Rights. The bill guaranteed that taxpayers would be treated with respect, have access to instructions "written in plain English", receive quick responses to questions from the Department of Revenue, and receive notice if they were in violation of the tax policy, among other things.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Kennedy used the Taxpayer's Bill of Rights as a foundation to advocate for more tax code changes. In 1999, he proposed tax code changes that would protect people from prosecution for tax crimes that their spouses committed without their knowledge. He also proposed "Fair Interest" policies that halted the accrual of interest on tax liabilities held by people whom the Department of Revenue did not notify were in violation of state tax policy. Kennedy said the efforts helped ensure Louisiana residents had a tax system that was as "fair, easy, and convenient as possible", adding, "We look upon taxpayers as our customers...not our enemies."<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Telefile">Telefile</h3></div> In 1998, Kennedy aimed to streamline the process of paying taxes by allowing Louisiana taxpayers to file returns by phone via the TeleFile program.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> The Department of Revenue sent 593,000 taxpayers information on how to file by calling a toll-free number. In the first year, 61,000 taxpayers filed via TeleFile in a process that took an average of eight minutes to complete. Kennedy also worked to expand electronic filing in the state by allowing professional filers to submit forms online.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gaming_Control_Board">Gaming Control Board</h3></div> While secretary of revenue, Kennedy was also appointed to the Louisiana Gaming Control Board, which is responsible for regulating legalized gambling. He criticized riverboat casino operators for failing to enforce the 21-year age restriction.<a href="#cite_note-Treasure_the_Moment-17">[17]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Treasurer_of_Louisiana_(2000–2017)">Treasurer of Louisiana (2000–2017)</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Natch8_(15798650089).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Natch8_%2815798650089%29.jpg/220px-Natch8_%2815798650089%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Natch8_%2815798650089%29.jpg/330px-Natch8_%2815798650089%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Natch8_%2815798650089%29.jpg/440px-Natch8_%2815798650089%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Kennedy at the <a href="/wiki/Natchitoches,_Louisiana" title="Natchitoches, Louisiana">Natchitoches</a> Christmas Parade in 2014</figcaption></figure> Kennedy left the Foster administration when he was elected <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Treasurer" title="Louisiana State Treasurer">Louisiana State Treasurer</a> in 1999, having unseated incumbent Ken Duncan with 55.6% of the vote, or 621,796 votes, to Duncan's 44.4%, or 497,319 votes.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Kennedy was reelected treasurer without opposition in 2003, 2007 and 2011.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> In 2015, he defeated his sole challenger with 80% of the vote. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commission_on_Streamlining_Government">Commission on Streamlining Government</h3></div> Kennedy served as a member of the Commission on Streamlining Government, which worked to reduce bureaucracy in Louisiana.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> In 2009, he urged the commission to consolidate the state's four boards of higher education into one.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> Kennedy argued that the state needed to cut spending, rather than raise taxes, because it already had the nation's fifth-highest business taxes. He urged the commission to cut the number of state government employees, which he said could save $800,000 per year. Kennedy also recommended that the commission review all state consulting contracts to ensure the state was getting a good deal.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> Kennedy suggested limiting Medicaid patients to two nonemergency room visits per year as a cost-saving measure. He also called for the state to require that all prisoners receive a high school diploma to reduce recidivism. Kennedy often criticized the commission as "way too tentative” in its policy proposals.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unclaimed_property">Unclaimed property</h3></div> After being elected treasurer, Kennedy drafted a bill to move the work of managing unclaimed property from the Department of Revenue to the state treasurer's office to allow him to continue the work he had started as secretary of revenue under Governor Foster.<a href="#cite_note-Treasure_the_Moment-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Kennedy led regular events to raise awareness about unclaimed property at malls and other public spaces, returning $400 million to 600,000 Louisianians.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> He told reporters that the state had returned money to many prominent Louisianians, including Foster, <a href="/wiki/Archie_Manning" title="Archie Manning">Archie Manning</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_Goodman" title="John Goodman">John Goodman</a>.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> Under Kennedy's leadership, the treasury uncovered $45 million in unclaimed death benefits alone.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> With the money that remained unclaimed, Kennedy convinced the state legislature to establish a $200 million fund to repay construction bonds that were used to build <a href="/wiki/Interstate_49" title="Interstate 49">I-49</a>.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> He worked with Moody's and Standard & Poor's to maintain the state's favorable bond rating throughout the project.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Debt_refinance">Debt refinance</h3></div> As treasurer, Kennedy sought to refinance portions of Louisiana's debt from Hurricanes <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina">Katrina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Rita" title="Hurricane Rita">Rita</a> as interest rates decreased.<a href="#cite_note-wdsu.com-50">[50]</a> He worked with the state legislature and several governors' offices to negotiate each refinancing.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> In 2004, Kennedy told the state legislature that he could save more than $1.4 billion by refinancing the state's debt. He noted that he had sent Governor <a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Blanco" title="Kathleen Blanco">Kathleen Blanco</a> several letters about refinancing that went unanswered.<a href="#cite_note-wdsu.com-50">[50]</a> In 2011, Kennedy announced that Lafayette and Livingston Parishes had saved $11 million by refinancing.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> By 2013, Kennedy said he had "refinanced virtually all of the state's debt".<a href="#cite_note-Budget_Wars_-_a_Q&A_with_Louisiana-53">[53]</a> In 2014, Kennedy worked to refinance $229 million in bond debt.<a href="#cite_note-Budget_Wars_-_a_Q&A_with_Louisiana-53">[53]</a> The project faced delays because of a disagreement with Governor <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal">Bobby Jindal</a>'s office over accounting practices.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> Jindal's team claimed Kennedy was "unnecessarily holding up" progress on many construction projects, but Kennedy maintained that Jindal's accounting practices potentially violated federal anti-fraud laws. The two sides eventually compromised and the deal moved ahead, saving Louisiana $12 million.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> By the end of 2014, Kennedy had saved Louisiana a total of more than $600 million by refinancing debt.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> In 2015, Kennedy saved Louisiana $109 million over 26 years by refinancing a $649 million loan that funded a highway project.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anti-corruption_efforts">Anti-corruption efforts</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PoliceRetirement_5_(15853080576).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/PoliceRetirement_5_%2815853080576%29.jpg/220px-PoliceRetirement_5_%2815853080576%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/PoliceRetirement_5_%2815853080576%29.jpg/330px-PoliceRetirement_5_%2815853080576%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/PoliceRetirement_5_%2815853080576%29.jpg/440px-PoliceRetirement_5_%2815853080576%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Kennedy speaking to the media, September 2014</figcaption></figure> As treasurer, Kennedy pushed for tougher ethical standards in state contracting reform.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> In 2007, he called for a full investigation into all contracts signed in the wake of Hurricane Katrina after media investigations revealed that one FEMA contractor allegedly engaged in profiteering by misrepresenting timesheets and hourly rates.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> Kennedy also urged Governor Blanco to ban family members of state officials from securing construction contracts during the rebuilding effort.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> In 2013, Kennedy reported 30 Louisiana nonprofits to the legislative auditor's office after they failed to file financial reports.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> In 2014, he launched an investigation into Act 859, an unconstitutional state retirement bill that benefited state police chief Mike Edmonson and one other state trooper. Kennedy said he received hundreds of emails from state employees who found the legislation unfair and claimed that the state's police officer retirement fund was underwater because "for years the legislature passed special interest legislation like this to help a select few".<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> In 2014, Kennedy urged state prosecutors to start pressing charges against people who committed food stamp fraud. Kennedy noted that more than $1.1 million in food stamp debit cards were sent to people in jails, $107,000 was sent to ineligible felons, and $2 million was spent outside the state—implying that the funds were likely sent to nonresidents.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tobacco_settlement">Tobacco settlement</h3></div> In 1988, Louisiana was one of 46 states to enter into a settlement with tobacco companies over smoking-related illnesses whereby each state could choose between annual payments or a smaller lump sum.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> Louisiana took the annual payments. As treasurer, Kennedy structured a deal to auction off part of the annual payments in exchange for a lump sum to hedge against the possibility that the tobacco companies could go bankrupt.<a href="#cite_note-thetowntalk.com-65">[65]</a> At the time, Kennedy said, "If your rich uncle died and left you $4.4 billion, all of it in Philip Morris stock, what would you do? I would diversify."<a href="#cite_note-escholarship.org-66">[66]</a> The proceeds from that sale were invested in trust funds earmarked for education, health care, and TOPS—a higher-education scholarship program.<a href="#cite_note-thetowntalk.com-65">[65]</a> Kennedy opposed future sales of the debt. He argued that his early sale was only a hedge against a potential bankruptcy of the tobacco companies and should not be used as a short term fund to address immediate spending.<a href="#cite_note-escholarship.org-66">[66]</a> In 2007, the Louisiana State Bond Commission voted to sell more of the settlement and Kennedy was the lone opposition vote.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> In 2015, Governor Jindal announced a plan to sell the remainder of the tobacco settlement in one lump sum of $751 million to help him address budget shortfalls rather than accepting the remaining $1.2 billion in annual payments.<a href="#cite_note-thetowntalk.com-65">[65]</a> Kennedy opposed the plan, saying that taking the lump sum would be a "bonehead move" that the legislature would not support and adding: "I’ve talked to a number of legislators. I think most of them would rather drink weed killer than do this." He argued that the sale would stop a one-time budget problem without addressing spending, leaving a debt bomb for future generations. The legislature sided with Kennedy, and Jindal's plan dissolved.<a href="#cite_note-escholarship.org-66">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="START_college_savings_plan">START college savings plan</h3></div> In 1997, Louisiana launched its Student Tuition Assistance and Revenue Trust Savings Program to allow people to start a <a href="/wiki/529_plan" title="529 plan">529 plan</a> to save for their children's education.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> As treasurer, Kennedy expanded five new investment options to give parents the choice of investing in the stock market in addition to the fixed returned securities options. He also put these investment options online to make it easier for parents to watch and manage their investments. During Kennedy's tenure, Louisiana's START program was ranked fifth-best in the nation.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Switching_political_parties">Switching political parties</h3></div> In the <a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004 election</a>, Kennedy endorsed Democratic presidential nominee <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a> over <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> After being courted by the Republican Party for months, Kennedy declared in a letter to his constituents that he was leaving the Democratic Party and joining the Republicans, effective August 27, 2007. In his letter, he stated that he would run again for state treasurer <a href="/wiki/2007_Louisiana_elections#State_Treasurer" title="2007 Louisiana elections">later that year</a>.<a href="#cite_note-republican-71">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Working_with_governors">Working with governors</h3></div> As treasurer, Kennedy often clashed with governors and state legislators from both political parties, especially over spending and tax increases.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> He advocated for reducing state bureaucracy by cutting unnecessary state government jobs.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> In 2009, Kennedy criticized Governor <a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Blanco" title="Kathleen Blanco">Kathleen Blanco</a> for including more than $9 million in spending he deemed "pork". He sent Blanco a six-page document of suggested cuts she could make as line-item vetoes. Kennedy said his list was "based upon the fact that many of the entities do not appear to be government entities, the lack of information about many of the items or entities, and that many of the items should have been considered through the entire process and/or included in other appropriate places in the budget to ensure proper public scrutiny, input and accountability."<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> During his third term as treasurer, Kennedy devised a 24-point plan by which the state could save money.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> Governor <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal">Bobby Jindal</a> said Kennedy could "streamline" his own department. Many of Kennedy's ideas were derived from the Louisiana Commission for Streamlining Government, on which he served in his official capacity as treasurer.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Kennedy later accused Jindal's administration of <a href="/wiki/Check_kiting" title="Check kiting">check kiting</a>, a controversial accounting practice whereby the governor took money from the 2014-2015 budget to cover debts from the 2013-2014 budget.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campaigns_for_U.S._Senate">Campaigns for U.S. Senate</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2004">2004</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="2004 United States Senate election in Louisiana">2004 United States Senate election in Louisiana</a></div> On February 3, 2004, Kennedy launched his first bid for the U.S. Senate to replace incumbent <a href="/wiki/John_Breaux" title="John Breaux">John Breaux</a>, who was retiring.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> He ran as a Democrat in the state's <a href="/wiki/Jungle_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Jungle primary">jungle primary</a>, losing to Republican <a href="/wiki/David_Vitter" title="David Vitter">David Vitter</a> and Democrat <a href="/wiki/Chris_John_(politician)" title="Chris John (politician)">Chris John</a>.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> Vitter won the election outright.<a href="#cite_note-republican-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2008">2008</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="2008 United States Senate election in Louisiana">2008 United States Senate election in Louisiana</a></div> Kennedy ran for the Senate again in 2008, this time as a Republican. He was defeated, 52.1% to 45.7%, by incumbent Democratic Senator <a href="/wiki/Mary_Landrieu" title="Mary Landrieu">Mary Landrieu</a>; the same year, Republican presidential nominee <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a> <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election_in_Louisiana" title="2008 United States presidential election in Louisiana">defeated</a> <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> in Louisiana, but Obama was elected.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2016">2016</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="2016 United States Senate election in Louisiana">2016 United States Senate election in Louisiana</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LAGOP_GOTVR_Dec2016_176_(31214059490).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/LAGOP_GOTVR_Dec2016_176_%2831214059490%29.jpg/220px-LAGOP_GOTVR_Dec2016_176_%2831214059490%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/LAGOP_GOTVR_Dec2016_176_%2831214059490%29.jpg/330px-LAGOP_GOTVR_Dec2016_176_%2831214059490%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/LAGOP_GOTVR_Dec2016_176_%2831214059490%29.jpg/440px-LAGOP_GOTVR_Dec2016_176_%2831214059490%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3506" data-file-height="3096" /></a><figcaption>Then-<a href="/wiki/President-elect_of_the_United_States" title="President-elect of the United States">president-elect</a> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> and Kennedy campaigning in Baton Rouge</figcaption></figure> On January 26, 2016, Kennedy launched a third bid for a Senate seat. In seeking to succeed the retiring Vitter, he faced more than 20 opponents.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> Vitter had announced his forthcoming retirement from the Senate in 2015 after losing a bid for governor to <a href="/wiki/John_Bel_Edwards" title="John Bel Edwards">John Bel Edwards</a>.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> Kennedy's senatorial campaign was endorsed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Chamber_of_Commerce" title="United States Chamber of Commerce">U.S. Chamber of Commerce</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Federation_of_Independent_Business" title="National Federation of Independent Business">National Federation of Independent Business</a>, the <a href="/wiki/NRA_Political_Victory_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="NRA Political Victory Fund">NRA Political Victory Fund</a>,<a href="#cite_note-NRAILA1004G-85">[85]</a> the <a href="/wiki/National_Right_to_Life_Committee" title="National Right to Life Committee">National Right to Life Committee</a>, the <a href="/wiki/American_Conservative_Union" title="American Conservative Union">American Conservative Union</a>, Vice President-elect <a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Mike Pence</a> and President-elect <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> Kennedy, who had supported Vitter for governor the previous year, won the jungle primary and faced Democrat Foster Campbell in a December 10 runoff election. President-elect <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>—who had received Kennedy's support in the 2016 presidential election<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a>—campaigned for Kennedy the day before the runoff.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> Kennedy defeated Campbell by 536,204 votes (61%) to 347,813 (39%). He lost the most-populated parishes of <a href="/wiki/Orleans_Parish,_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Orleans Parish, Louisiana">Orleans</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Baton_Rouge_Parish,_Louisiana" title="East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana">East Baton Rouge</a>, in which he had been reared, but was a runaway winner in Campbell's home parish of <a href="/wiki/Bossier_Parish,_Louisiana" title="Bossier Parish, Louisiana">Bossier</a>.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2022">2022</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="2022 United States Senate election in Louisiana">2022 United States Senate election in Louisiana</a></div> Kennedy was reelected in 2022,<a href="#cite_note-:0-4">[4]</a> defeating 12 opponents in an open primary with 62% of the vote, thus avoiding a runoff.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> Kennedy received the most votes in every parish except Orleans Parish.<a href="#cite_note-politico.com-6">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._Senate_(2017–present)">U.S. Senate (2017–present)</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="115th_Congress_(2017–2019)">115th Congress (2017–2019)</h3></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Kennedy_ceremonial_swearing_in.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/John_Kennedy_ceremonial_swearing_in.jpg/250px-John_Kennedy_ceremonial_swearing_in.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/John_Kennedy_ceremonial_swearing_in.jpg/375px-John_Kennedy_ceremonial_swearing_in.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/John_Kennedy_ceremonial_swearing_in.jpg/500px-John_Kennedy_ceremonial_swearing_in.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Kennedy being sworn in as Louisiana's junior U.S. senator by outgoing Vice President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol" title="United States Capitol">U.S. Capitol</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Old_Senate_Chamber" title="Old Senate Chamber">Old Senate Chamber</a> on January 3, 2017</figcaption></figure> Kennedy was sworn in as <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>'s junior U.S. Senator on January 3, 2017. He had resigned his position as state treasurer earlier that day.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> In June 2017, Kennedy "grilled" <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Education" title="United States Secretary of Education">Education Secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Betsy_DeVos" title="Betsy DeVos">Betsy DeVos</a> in a hearing before the Appropriations subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Service, Education and Related Agencies. In the exchange, he contrasted the lack of school choice available to younger pupils in many rural areas of the country with the numerous brands of mayonnaise available at grocery stores: "Now I can go down to my overpriced Capitol Hill grocery this afternoon and choose among about six different types of mayonnaise. How come I can't do that for my kid?" Kennedy asked. The remark attracted national attention. DeVos replied that the Trump administration budget proposal would give parents and students more power and opportunity so that American education could again become "the envy of the world".<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> Kennedy served as a volunteer substitute teacher for more than a decade in Louisiana public schools to better understand issues in the education system.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnbc.com-95">[95]</a> He attracted comment for his manner in the Senate. A January 2018 <a href="/wiki/The_Huffington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="The Huffington Post">Huffington Post</a> article reported: "Since being elected to the Senate a year ago, Kennedy ... has made a name for himself on <a href="/wiki/Capitol_Hill" title="Capitol Hill">Capitol Hill</a> with his wit, humor and penchant for folksy expressions―a notable feat in a place where jargon and arcane procedure tend to reign supreme".<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> Kennedy received widespread media attention after he crossed party lines to oppose the appointment of three of Trump's <a href="/wiki/U.S._District_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. District Court">U.S. District Court</a> judicial nominees who Kennedy believed were not qualified: <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Mateer" title="Jeff Mateer">Jeff Mateer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brett_Talley" title="Brett Talley">Brett Talley</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Matthew_S._Petersen" title="Matthew S. Petersen">Matthew S. Petersen</a>. The <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> withdrew all three nominations.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> On December 13, 2017, during Petersen's confirmation hearing before the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary">Senate Judiciary Committee</a>, Kennedy asked Petersen about basic legal procedure,<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> whether he knew what the <a href="/wiki/Daubert_standard" title="Daubert standard">Daubert standard</a> was, and what a <a href="/wiki/Motion_in_limine" title="Motion in limine">motion in limine</a> was. Petersen struggled to answer.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes12.15.17-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> Kennedy also voted against the nomination of <a href="/wiki/Gregory_G._Katsas" title="Gregory G. Katsas">Gregory G. Katsas</a> to the D.C. Circuit, but Katsas was confirmed.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> On April 7, 2017, Kennedy voted to confirm <a href="/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">United States Supreme Court</a>. Kennedy participated in Gorsuch's confirmation as a member of the Judiciary Committee.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> During the confirmation process, Kennedy said, “Neil Gorsuch is obviously very well-qualified based on his education and background, but I want to know what’s in his heart. I want to know what he thinks about past Supreme Court decisions and how the justices reached those decisions. I want to know whether he thinks personal preferences have a role in the judicial decision-making. I want to know if he knows the name of the person who cleans his office. Also, I'm rather fond of the U.S. Constitution, and I want to make sure he is, too."<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> On October 6, 2018, Kennedy voted to confirm <a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a> to the Supreme Court.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> As a member of the Judiciary Committee, Kennedy participated in Kavanaugh's contentious nomination hearing after <a href="/wiki/Christine_Blasey_Ford" title="Christine Blasey Ford">Christine Blasey Ford</a> accused Kavanaugh of sexual assault. Kennedy criticized the hearing, saying, "No fair-minded American can believe that he's not qualified—he went to Yale Law School; he didn't get his law degree from Costco. He has a total command of Supreme Court precedent. I think he’s a legal rock star."<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> Kennedy broke from Republicans during the hearing to call for the <a href="/wiki/FBI" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI">FBI</a>'s investigation into Ford's allegations to be made public.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> In March 2018, after a dog died in an overhead bin while flying <a href="/wiki/United_Airlines" title="United Airlines">United Airlines</a>, Kennedy said he would file a bill to "prohibit airlines from putting animals in overhead bins" and added that officials "would face significant fines" if they did not comply.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> That month, he introduced the Welfare Of Our Furry Friends (WOOFF) Act, but the bill died in committee.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> In July 2018, Kennedy and several other Republican members of Congress met with Russian government officials in Moscow. During the meetings, the two sides discussed election interference, upholding nuclear arms treaties, maintaining peace in <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, and respecting <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukrainian</a> sovereignty. The delegation was criticized for visiting the country during <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(United_States)" title="Independence Day (United States)">Fourth of July</a> celebrations and for holding the talks just days after an <a href="/wiki/2018_Amesbury_poisonings" title="2018 Amesbury poisonings">incident in the United Kingdom</a> in which a couple were poisoned by a suspected Russian nerve agent.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> On October 12, 2018, the Senate voted to pass Kennedy's Rural Business Investment Program Advisers Relief Act of 2018. The bill removes compliance costs on a venture capital program aimed at stimulating business in rural America. It became law in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> On December 18, 2018, Kennedy voted against the First Step Act, a criminal justice reform bill that reduced the prison sentences of some federal inmates. He said, "I voted against this bill because the most important goal of the criminal justice system for American families is justice. This bill is backwards. It favors criminals over victims. It forgets that the ultimate goal is justice. We’ve seen what’s happened with so-called criminal justice reform in Louisiana. People are literally getting killed."<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> On October 5, 2018, Kennedy introduced a Small Business Administration Disaster Loan bill to stop the agency from dropping SBA loan limits from $25,000 to $14,000 to ensure businesses have funds to rebuild following natural disasters.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> The bill passed the Senate with unanimous consent. President Trump signed it into law on November 29, 2018.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> On November 15, 2018, Kennedy introduced the National Flood Insurance Program Extension Act, a bill that amended the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 to reauthorize the <a href="/wiki/National_Flood_Insurance_Program" title="National Flood Insurance Program">National Flood Insurance Program</a> until June 1, 2019, to avoid a lapse in the program.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> The bill passed the Senate with unanimous consent and passed the House with a vote of 315–48. Trump signed the bill into law on December 21, 2018.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> In 2018, Kennedy worked with Senator <a href="/wiki/Joe_Manchin" title="Joe Manchin">Joe Manchin</a> on the Justice Against Corruption on K Street (JACK) Act. The bill was named after <a href="/wiki/Jack_Abramoff" title="Jack Abramoff">Jack Abramoff</a>, a lobbyist who was convicted of fraud, corruption, and conspiracy. Kennedy said, "This idea is simple: If you have been convicted of a felony like bribery, extortion, embezzlement or tax evasion, you should have to disclose that when registering to become a lobbyist. Political leaders and businesses need to know the backgrounds of those who are trying to influence public policy."<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> The bill passed the Senate on December 20, 2018, and was signed into law in 2019. In February 2020, JACK Act disclosures revealed that lobbyists with criminal histories collected $3.1 million.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> Leading up to the <a href="/wiki/2019_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="2019 Louisiana gubernatorial election">2019 election</a>, Kennedy was mentioned as a prospective candidate for governor in the <a href="/wiki/Jungle_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Jungle primary">jungle primary</a> against incumbent <a href="/wiki/John_Bel_Edwards" title="John Bel Edwards">John Bel Edwards</a>, but on December 3, 2018, he said he preferred to remain in the Senate and would not run for governor.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="116th_Congress_(2019–2021)">116th Congress (2019–2021)</h3></div> In March 2019, Kennedy introduced the <a href="/wiki/Holding_Foreign_Companies_Accountable_Act" title="Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act">Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act</a>, which Trump signed into law on December 18, 2020.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> The law prohibits any company from listing on an American stock exchange if it refuses to allow the <a href="/wiki/Public_Company_Accounting_Oversight_Board" title="Public Company Accounting Oversight Board">Public Company Accounting Oversight Board</a> to audit its annual private audit for three consecutive years. It also requires companies to disclose whether they are owned by a foreign government.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> In 2019, Kennedy again introduced a bill to extend the National Flood Insurance Program. It extended the program through September 30, 2018, rather than lapsing on May 31.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> The bill passed the Senate on May 23, 2019, and was signed into law.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Trump_Arrives_in_New_Orleans_(32869766378).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/President_Trump_Arrives_in_New_Orleans_%2832869766378%29.jpg/220px-President_Trump_Arrives_in_New_Orleans_%2832869766378%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/President_Trump_Arrives_in_New_Orleans_%2832869766378%29.jpg/330px-President_Trump_Arrives_in_New_Orleans_%2832869766378%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/President_Trump_Arrives_in_New_Orleans_%2832869766378%29.jpg/440px-President_Trump_Arrives_in_New_Orleans_%2832869766378%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>Kennedy and other congressional Republicans greeting president Trump at <a href="/wiki/Louis_Armstrong_New_Orleans_International_Airport" title="Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport">Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport</a>, January 2019</figcaption></figure> In 2019, Kennedy called on the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Department of the Treasury">Treasury Department</a> to establish a website where citizens could find out whether they had unclaimed Treasury savings bonds.<a href="#cite_note-theadvocate.com-125">[125]</a> He established a similar website for the state of Louisiana when he was treasurer.<a href="#cite_note-bh1-32">[32]</a> On October 22, 2019, the Treasury Department announced that it would launch a website for unclaimed bonds. Kennedy said, "The bond might be lost, the physical bond in the days when we used paper bonds, and the people who loaned the money to the federal government might have forgotten about the bonds. But you know who knows about the bonds? The United States Department of Treasury, because they've got the names and the addresses, and right now they've got the money—$26 billion that they are holding that belongs to the American people, and they won't give it back."<a href="#cite_note-theadvocate.com-125">[125]</a> On November 25, 2019, Trump signed Kennedy's Recovery for Small Businesses After Disaster Act, a bill allowing small business disaster loans to remain at a limit of $25,000, rather than dropping to $14,000.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> After Justice <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" title="Ruth Bader Ginsburg">Ruth Bader Ginsburg</a>'s death in 2020, Kennedy supported Trump's nomination of <a href="/wiki/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a> to fill the Supreme Court vacancy. Kennedy voted to confirm Barrett, and said in an interview on <a href="/wiki/Tucker_Carlson_Tonight" title="Tucker Carlson Tonight">Tucker Carlson Tonight</a>, "you would have to be barking mad to think that she is not qualified".<a href="#cite_note-hiu5-127">[127]</a> After her confirmation on October 26, he applauded it as a "victory for our founders".<a href="#cite_note-hiu5-127">[127]</a> On February 4, 2020, Kennedy voted against <a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment trial of Donald Trump">Trump's first impeachment</a>.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> On March 26, 2020, Kennedy voted for the first COVID-19 stimulus package, the CARES Act, saying, "This virus poses a unique health risk, and we know that poverty can also threaten lives. Understanding that, I voted today to protect the well-being of Louisianans now and into the future by investing in medical services, families, workers and businesses."<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> In July 2020, Kennedy voted for the second COVID-19 relief package, saying, "I’m very conservative fiscally, as I think most of you know, but people are in pain and the size of the American economy is just extraordinary. This is the largest economy in all of human history, and government just shut down, just shut it down, and a lot of people have gotten hurt, through no fault of their own, and we need to help them without wasting any money."<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> Kennedy helped draft the Water Resources Development Act of 2020, a bill that determines which projects the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Corps_of_Engineers" title="United States Army Corps of Engineers">Army Corps of Engineers</a> will build. With few options, Louisiana agreed to let the Corps build a flood protection system for the New Orleans region that meets the standards for national flood insurance. He added a provision that allowed Louisiana to renegotiate a loan agreement with the Corps for a flood protection system that saved Louisiana taxpayers $1.3 billion.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> In 2020, Kennedy helped secure natural disaster aid for Louisiana after <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Laura" title="Hurricane Laura">Hurricane Laura</a> hit the state.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> He toured the damaged coastline near Lake Charles, Louisiana, with President Trump, and Trump later issued a major disaster declaration for the state.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> In the aftermath of Hurricane Laura and <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Delta" title="Hurricane Delta">Hurricane Delta</a>, Kennedy introduced a bill to recognize the linemen who worked to help the state recover from the storms. The bill would revise the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">Department of Homeland Security</a>'s definition of "emergency response providers" to add utility line technicians.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> After <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Zeta" title="Hurricane Zeta">Hurricane Zeta</a> hit Louisiana, Kennedy led the effort to get the internet restored in Louisiana after prolonged outages. He sent letters to Cox and <a href="/wiki/AT%26T" title="AT&T">AT&T</a> urging them to put "more elbow grease" into restoring internet to the state and to be transparent with customers about the estimated timelines for getting service back.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> On March 10, 2021, the Center for Effective Lawmaking ranked Kennedy as one of the ten most effective Republican senators of the 116th Congress, and the most effective Republican senator in the areas of commerce, education, and trade.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="117th_Congress_(2021–2023)">117th Congress (2021–2023)</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John-N-Kennedy_presiding_senate_(cropped).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/John-N-Kennedy_presiding_senate_%28cropped%29.png/245px-John-N-Kennedy_presiding_senate_%28cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="245" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/John-N-Kennedy_presiding_senate_%28cropped%29.png/368px-John-N-Kennedy_presiding_senate_%28cropped%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/John-N-Kennedy_presiding_senate_%28cropped%29.png/490px-John-N-Kennedy_presiding_senate_%28cropped%29.png 2x" data-file-width="661" data-file-height="496" /></a><figcaption>Kennedy on the senate floor speaking about attempts to slow the <a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932023_inflation_surge" title="2021–2023 inflation surge">ongoing surge in inflation</a>, December 2022</figcaption></figure> After the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020 presidential election</a>, Kennedy and 11 other Republican senators said they would object to certain states' electoral votes in the <a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_Electoral_College_vote_count" title="2021 United States Electoral College vote count">2021 United States Electoral College vote count</a> on January 6, 2021, unless the vote was audited.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hilburn-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-Investigator_2021-140">[140]</a> He was participating in the certification when Trump supporters <a href="/wiki/2021_storming_of_the_United_States_Capitol" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 storming of the United States Capitol">stormed the United States Capitol</a>. Kennedy called the attack "despicable and shameful" and called for the rioters "to go to jail and pay for the destruction they caused."<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> When the Capitol was secured and Congress returned to complete the certification, he objected to the certification of Arizona's electoral votes.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> On February 9, 2021, Kennedy voted against <a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second impeachment of Donald Trump">Trump's second impeachment</a>.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> Kennedy said the impeachment effort was unconstitutional because Trump was no longer president.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> He called the impeachment process "a thinly veiled effort by the uber-elites in our country, who look down on most Americans, to denigrate further those people who chose to vote for President Trump and not vote for President Biden."<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> On March 6, 2021, Kennedy voted against the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, a COVID-19 recovery package. He said he voted against it because it was "an orgy of pork",<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> adding, "This is not a coronavirus bill, not the way it's been portrayed".<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> On May 28, 2021, Kennedy voted against the <a href="/wiki/January_6_commission" title="January 6 commission">January 6 commission</a> House Speaker <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a> proposed<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> to investigate the January 6 attack.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> The commission failed to gain traction, but the House later successfully established the <a href="/wiki/January_6_committee" class="mw-redirect" title="January 6 committee">January 6 committee</a> as an alternative. On June 22, 2021, the Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, a bill by Kennedy that moves up the deadline for a bill passed in 2019 that required U.S. markets to delist any foreign company that refused to allow the <a href="/wiki/Public_Company_Accounting_Oversight_Board" title="Public Company Accounting Oversight Board">Public Company Accounting Oversight Board</a> to inspect its audits. Kennedy said, "When foreign companies flout America's security laws, they put Americans' retirement plans and savings at risk. China is bent on exploiting American investors, so we need more accountability for foreign companies using American capital, and we need it now."<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> On July 29, 2021, President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> signed into law the DUMP Opioids Act, Kennedy's eighth piece of legislation to become law in his first term as a U.S. senator.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> Kennedy has authored more bills signed into law than any first-term senator from Louisiana except <a href="/wiki/Newton_C._Blanchard" title="Newton C. Blanchard">Newton Blanchard</a>.<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> On August 8, 2021, Kennedy voted against the <a href="/wiki/Infrastructure_Investment_and_Jobs_Act" title="Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act">Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act</a>, saying, "I realized pretty quickly that if you look up 'stupid stuff' in the dictionary, there's a picture of this bill. They told us it was a real infrastructure bill. It's not; only 23% of the bill is real infrastructure. The rest is Green New Deal and welfare. They told us the bill was paid for; it isn't. We're gonna have to borrow maybe up to $400 billion to pay for it. They told us there were no tax increases. There are; my state's gonna have to pay $1.3 billion in new taxes on our petrochemical industry. They told us … the Democrats were really wary of this bill and that if we passed this bill, it would make it harder for them to pass their $5 trillion tax and spending binge reconciliation bill. Well, if that's true, how come every Democrat voted for this infrastructure bill? And finally, they told us that it's not going to add to inflation, but it will."<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> On September 27, 2021, Kennedy introduced the Unclaimed Savings Bond Act of 2021 to require the Treasury Department to speed the process of returning unclaimed savings bonds to the American people, continuing work he had done as state treasurer. He said the Treasury was sitting on more than $26 billion in unclaimed bonds.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> President Biden signed an executive order based on Kennedy's efforts.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> In November 2021, while questioning <a href="/wiki/Saule_Omarova" title="Saule Omarova">Saule Omarova</a>, the nominee for <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Comptroller_of_the_Currency" title="Office of the Comptroller of the Currency">Comptroller of the Currency</a>, Kennedy mockingly said: "I don’t mean any disrespect. I don’t know whether to call you professor or comrade". This came after an exchange between Omarova and Kennedy about her upbringing in the USSR and her former connections to communist groups. Senator <a href="/wiki/Sherrod_Brown" title="Sherrod Brown">Sherrod Brown</a> interrupted Kennedy's line of questioning, accused him of engaging in character assassination.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> On April 7, 2022, Kennedy voted against <a href="/wiki/Ketanji_Brown_Jackson" title="Ketanji Brown Jackson">Ketanji Brown Jackson</a>'s nomination to the Supreme Court to succeed <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a>, who was retiring. At the hearing, he said that he "found Judge Jackson to be smart, well-versed in the law, and extraordinarily deft and artful in her ability to speak at length without saying anything of substance on critical questions—especially the limits of judicial power and the importance of judicial restraint", adding, "I don't agree with the judge on where, based on her opinions, she draws the limits of judicial power, and I don't think she places as great an importance as I do on judicial restraint in a Madisonian system of checks and balances and separation of powers, and, for that reason, I will be voting no."<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> On July 27, 2022, Kennedy voted against the Chips and Science Act, a bill regarding semiconductor production. He called the bill "a subsidy to Big Tech", adding, "These are extraordinary American companies that Congress just helped, but they're very profitable, and the supply of chips is growing now. My concern is the amount of money. For that amount, we could have doubled the R&D tax credit for every company in America."<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> On August 7, 2022, Kennedy voted against the <a href="/wiki/Inflation_Reduction_Act" title="Inflation Reduction Act">Inflation Reduction Act</a>, calling it a "massive tax-and-spending bill".<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> While the bill was being amended, Kennedy attempted to include an amendment he drafted with Senator <a href="/wiki/Raphael_Warnock" title="Raphael Warnock">Raphael Warnock</a> to cap the price of insulin at $35 per month; the amendment did not receive the 60 votes needed to be included.<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> In 2021, Kennedy opposed FEMA's effort to restructure its NFIP flood insurance program after changes the agency made caused insurance rates to skyrocket in Louisiana, prompting 8.5% of families to drop federal coverage.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> Kennedy said FEMA's Risk Rating 2.0 was "robbing Louisiana families of the flood protection they need for their homes".<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> He has asked FEMA officials to disclose the algorithm used in Risk Rating 2.0 so it can demonstrate why rates increased 128% in Louisiana, but Millman, the firm that developed Risk Rating 2.0, and FEMA have refused to disclose the algorithm as of 2024. Kennedy introduced the Flood Insurance Pricing Transparency Act to try to force FEMA to disclose the information.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="118th_Congress_(2023–present)">118th Congress (2023–present)</h3></div> By late 2022, there was again speculation that Kennedy might run for governor in the <a href="/wiki/2023_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="2023 Louisiana gubernatorial election">2023 election</a>, when Edwards would be <a href="/wiki/Term_limits_in_the_United_States" title="Term limits in the United States">term limited</a>, but he ended the rumors on the second day of the <a href="/wiki/118th_United_States_Congress" title="118th United States Congress">118th Congress</a> by announcing he again would prefer to stay in the Senate.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> On January 25, 2023, Kennedy quizzed Biden's judicial nominee <a href="/wiki/Charnelle_Bjelkengren" title="Charnelle Bjelkengren">Charnelle Bjelkengren</a> on basic questions about the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution of the United States</a>, whether she could state the functions of <a href="/wiki/Article_Five_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Article Five of the United States Constitution">Articles V</a> and <a href="/wiki/Article_Two_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Article Two of the United States Constitution">II</a>, and whether she could define <a href="/wiki/Purposive_approach" title="Purposive approach">purposivism</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Independent_state_legislature_theory" title="Independent state legislature theory">independent state legislature theory</a>.<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> Bjelkengren failed to answer all four questions.<a href="#cite_note-Art-V-168">[168]</a> After the hearing, Kennedy told a local reporter at <a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a>, "Some of these nominees that have been forced in the last two years have no business being anywhere near a federal bench—they don't have any business being anywhere near a park bench."<a href="#cite_note-Art-V-168">[168]</a> Bjelkengren later withdrew her nomination.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> In May 2023, Kennedy sparked a diplomatic row with Mexico after he said, "Without the people of America, Mexico, figuratively speaking, would be eating cat food out of a can and living in a tent",<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> while asking DEA Administrator <a href="/wiki/Anne_Milgram" title="Anne Milgram">Anne Milgram</a> why the U.S. was not asking Mexico to partner more effectively with the U.S. to stop the flow of fentanyl over the border.<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> Kennedy introduced a bill to classify drug cartels as terrorist organizations because they traffic <a href="/wiki/Fentanyl" title="Fentanyl">fentanyl</a>, a drug that killed more than 70,000 Americans in 2022.<a href="#cite_note-Biden_and_the_fentanyl_hawks-172">[172]</a> He also introduced a bill in 2023 to increase the prison sentences for fentanyl dealers, saying, "You have to have 400 grams. . . to face a mandatory 10-year sentence. Four hundred grams will kill 200,000 people dead as a doornail. Shreveport, Louisiana, is home to 184,000 people. So, a dealer could [have] 400 grams—an amount that could kill every man, woman, and child in Shreveport—in order to get a mandatory 10-year sentence."<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> Senate Democrats blocked the bill, citing concerns over incarceration rates.<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> In 2023, Kennedy and Senator <a href="/wiki/Kyrsten_Sinema" title="Kyrsten Sinema">Kyrsten Sinema</a> introduced a bill to install a special inspector general to track the money the U.S. sends Ukraine to fight its war with Russia, like the inspector general tasked with tracking money in Afghanistan. Kennedy and Sinema said of the bill, "One of the best ways we can avoid escalation (and bring this conflict to a close) is by ensuring that the investments America has already made pay off instead of being wasted, lost or diverted."<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> A vote to add the bill to the National Defense Authorization Act failed.<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> Kennedy was among the 31 Senate Republicans who voted against final passage of the <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_Responsibility_Act_of_2023" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023">Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023</a>.<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> In September 2023, Kennedy read explicit passages from <a href="/wiki/All_Boys_Aren%27t_Blue" title="All Boys Aren't Blue">All Boys Aren't Blue</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gender_Queer" title="Gender Queer">Gender Queer</a> during a Senate judiciary hearing on book banning. When he asked whether the books should be available to children, Senator <a href="/wiki/Dick_Durbin" title="Dick Durbin">Dick Durbin</a> replied, "No one is advocating for sexually explicit content to be available in an elementary school library or a children's section of a library."<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a> In October 2023, Kennedy negotiated the passage of a bill that protected the rights of veterans who have the Department of Veterans Affairs help them manage their financial benefits to own guns.<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a> Before the bill, the VA reported veterans who needed financial assistance to the FBI's National Instant Criminal Background Check System without due process. The bill passed as an amendment to a larger Veterans Affairs package.<a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> Kennedy introduced a <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Review_Act" title="Congressional Review Act">Congressional Review Act</a> resolution of disapproval against a rule promulgated by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau that would have required extensive disclosures of personal information by small business owners who sought loans, including information about their sexuality.<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a> The House and Senate passed the resolution, but President Biden vetoed it.<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> In March 2024, Kennedy had a viral exchange with professional cross-country skier <a href="/wiki/Gus_Schumacher_(skier)" title="Gus Schumacher (skier)">Gus Schumacher</a>. Schumacher was on a panel of experts to discuss climate change during a hearing before the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_the_Budget" title="United States Senate Committee on the Budget">Senate Budget Committee</a>. He advocated for policies to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, but when Kennedy asked Schumacher how much carbon was in the atmosphere, he did not know.<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a> In an April 2024 Morning Consult poll, Kennedy was rated among the top ten most popular senators.<a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> In May 2024, Kennedy quashed the judicial nomination of U.S. Magistrate Judge Sarah Netburn by questioning her about the sexual harassment that resulted from her decision to allow an inmate who claimed to be transgender to transfer to a women's prison.<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a> Kennedy's derailment of Netburn's nomination was the first time the Democratic-led Senate Judiciary Committee rejected one of President Biden's nominees.<a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> Kennedy introduced a bill to extend the statute of limitations for victims of sexual harassment who worked for the FDIC after an independent investigation found that the agency had a culture where harassment was commonplace.<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a> As a member of the Senate Appropriations Committee, Kennedy has secured millions in federal funding for Louisiana, including several million-dollar FEMA grants to fund hurricane recovery efforts after Hurricane Laura in 2020.<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a> In the 2024 appropriations package, Kennedy also secured millions to improve the Boggs Lock and Dam on the J. Bennett Johnston Waterway.<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> On September 17, 2024, in a hearing on <a href="/wiki/Violent_incidents_in_reaction_to_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Violent incidents in reaction to the Israel–Hamas war">rising racially motivated hate crimes in the United States</a>, Kennedy claimed that pro-Palestinian figures promoted <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemitism</a>. He asked Maya Berry, the incumbent executive director of the <a href="/wiki/Arab_American_Institute" title="Arab American Institute">Arab American Institute</a>, about her stance on <a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas">Hamas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hezbollah" title="Hezbollah">Hezbollah</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Iran" title="Government of Iran">Iranian regime</a>. He also asked Berry whether she still supported the <a href="/wiki/UNRWA" title="UNRWA">UNWRA</a> amid claims<a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a> that the organization "participated" in the <a href="/wiki/October_7_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="October 7 attack">October 7 massacres</a>. Berry said: "I think it's exceptionally disappointing you're looking at an Arab American witness before you and saying you support Hamas. I do not support Hamas." Kennedy repeated the same questions, and Berry responded, "The introduction of foreign policy is not how we keep Arab Americans or Jewish Americans or Muslim Americans or Black people or Asian Americans—anybody—safe. This has been regrettably a real disappointment but very much an indication of the danger to our democratic institutions that we're in now." Kennedy's concluding remark to Berry was "You should hide your head in a bag."<a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a> Kennedy's words drew backlash from political figures, including <a href="/wiki/Dick_Durbin" title="Dick Durbin">Dick Durbin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> In September, Kennedy helped secure an extension of the <a href="/wiki/National_Flood_Insurance_Program" title="National Flood Insurance Program">National Flood Insurance Program</a> before Hurricanes <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Helene" title="Hurricane Helene">Helene</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Milton" title="Hurricane Milton">Milton</a>. Without the extension, funding for the flood insurance program would have lapsed on September 30.<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Committee_assignments">Committee assignments</h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Appropriations" title="United States Senate Committee on Appropriations">Committee on Appropriations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Appropriations_Subcommittee_on_Agriculture,_Rural_Development,_Food_and_Drug_Administration,_and_Related_Agencies" title="United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies">Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Appropriations_Subcommittee_on_Commerce,_Justice,_Science,_and_Related_Agencies" title="United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies">Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Appropriations_Subcommittee_on_Energy_and_Water_Development" title="United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development">Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Appropriations_Subcommittee_on_Financial_Services_and_General_Government" title="United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Financial Services and General Government">Subcommittee on Financial Services and General Government</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Banking,_Housing,_and_Urban_Affairs" title="United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs">Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Banking_Subcommittee_on_Economic_Policy" title="United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Economic Policy">Subcommittee on Economic Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Banking_Subcommittee_on_Financial_Institutions_and_Consumer_Protection" title="United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Protection">Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Banking_Subcommittee_on_Housing,_Transportation,_and_Community_Development" title="United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Housing, Transportation, and Community Development">Subcommittee on Housing, Transportation, and Community Development</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_the_Budget" title="United States Senate Committee on the Budget">Committee on the Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary">Committee on the Judiciary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Judiciary_Subcommittee_on_Border_Security_and_Immigration" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Border Security and Immigration">Subcommittee on Border Security and Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Judiciary_Subcommittee_on_Crime_and_Terrorism" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime and Terrorism">Subcommittee on Crime and Terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Judiciary_Subcommittee_on_Privacy,_Technology_and_the_Law" title="United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Privacy, Technology and the Law">Subcommittee on Privacy, Technology and the Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Judiciary_Subcommittee_on_Intellectual_Property" title="United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Intellectual Property">Subcommittee on Intellectual Property</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Small_Business_and_Entrepreneurship" title="United States Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship">Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship</a></li></ul> Caucuses <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Conference" title="Senate Republican Conference">Senate Republican Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Coalition_on_Adoption" class="mw-redirect" title="Congressional Coalition on Adoption">Congressional Coalition on Adoption</a><a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_positions">Political positions</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section is missing information about pre-Senate positions?. Please expand the section <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk%3AJohn_Kennedy_%28Louisiana_politician%29&preload=Template%3ASubmit+an+edit+request%2Fpreload&action=edit&section=new&editintro=Template%3AEdit+protected%2Feditintro&preloadtitle=Protected+edit+request+on+23+November+2024&preloadparams%5B%5D=edit+fully-protected&preloadparams%5B%5D=John+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29">by making an edit request</a>to include this information . Further details may exist on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:John_Kennedy_(Louisiana_politician)" title="Talk:John Kennedy (Louisiana politician)">talk page</a>. (September 2020)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> Kennedy holds a score of 89% for the 116th Congress and a lifetime score of 83% from <a href="/wiki/Heritage_Action" title="Heritage Action">Heritage Action</a>.<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> The <a href="/wiki/American_Conservative_Union" title="American Conservative Union">American Conservative Union</a>'s Center of Legislative Accountability gives Kennedy a lifetime rating of 83.74.<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a> His <a href="/wiki/Humane_Society_of_the_United_States" title="Humane Society of the United States">Humane Society</a> Legislative Fund rating has ranged between 67% (2019) and 28% (2017), with his last (2020) at 57%.<a href="#cite_note-VoteSmart-197">[197]</a> On <a href="/wiki/Infrastructure" title="Infrastructure">infrastructure</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Police_Organizations" title="National Association of Police Organizations">National Association of Police Organizations</a> rates Kennedy at 60% and the <a href="/wiki/American_Federation_of_Labor_and_Congress_of_Industrial_Organizations" class="mw-redirect" title="American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations">American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations</a> (AFL-CIO) has assigned him a rating of 8% on matters concerning labor unions.<a href="#cite_note-VoteSmart-197">[197]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judiciary">Judiciary</h3></div> Kennedy is a member of the Senate Judiciary Committee. As a member, he voted to confirm Justices <a href="/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a>,<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a> <a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a>,<a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a>.<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> He voted against the nomination of Justice <a href="/wiki/Ketanji_Brown_Jackson" title="Ketanji Brown Jackson">Ketanji Brown Jackson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-201">[201]</a> Kennedy has defended the blue slip process for district court judges, saying that it "encourages bipartisan cooperation … The blue slip process makes our court system fairer and stronger. And that’s good for our democracy."<a href="#cite_note-202">[202]</a> He often asks judicial nominees basic questions about the Constitution during their confirmation process, occasionally stumping them.<a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a> Kennedy has opposed the effort to add more justices to the Supreme Court,<a href="#cite_note-204">[204]</a> claiming it would "delegitimize" the Court. He has said he supports judges and justices who believe in "judicial restraint", adding, "Federal judges don't make law. They don't tell us what the law ought to be. They tell us what the law is."<a href="#cite_note-205">[205]</a> Kennedy opposed Congress establishing ethics standards for justices. He claimed such a move would violate the Constitution and called it a "a crusade to undermine the United States' Supreme Court's legitimacy and the credibility of the federal judiciary."<a href="#cite_note-206">[206]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natural_disasters_and_conservation">Natural disasters and conservation</h3></div> Kennedy has advocated for natural disaster aid for Louisiana to address hurricane damage as a member of the Appropriations Committee.<a href="#cite_note-207">[207]</a> He worked to reform the National Flood Insurance Program because he believes flood insurance is too expensive for coastal communities, including those in Louisiana. In 2023, Kennedy called on FEMA to disclose the algorithm it uses to determine flood insurance prices after premiums increased rapidly under FEMA's Risk Rating 2.0, saying, "Since millions of Louisianians depend on the NFIP to protect their homes from natural disasters, FEMA must come clean about why premiums are skyrocketing under Risk Rating 2.0. In the meantime, my bills would ensure fairer rates for the people of Louisiana."<a href="#cite_note-208">[208]</a> As treasurer, Kennedy believed in investing in coastal restoration and conservation. He worked to ensure that settlement money from the <a href="/wiki/Deepwater_Horizon_oil_spill" title="Deepwater Horizon oil spill">BP oil spill</a> was used for coastal protection and restoration.<a href="#cite_note-209">[209]</a> Kennedy also fought to protect tobacco settlement money that had been allocated toward coastal restoration after the governor proposed using the money to cover other state debts.<a href="#cite_note-210">[210]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_care">Health care</h3></div> Kennedy supported the "skinny repeal" of the <a href="/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act" title="Affordable Care Act">Affordable Care Act</a> in 2017, a vote that failed. He said, "It's not a loss for the Republican Party—it's a loss for the American people. But I intend to keep my promise to the people of Louisiana, to get rid of Obamacare."<a href="#cite_note-211">[211]</a> Kennedy has supported capping the price of insulin. He and Senator <a href="/wiki/Raphael_Warnock" title="Raphael Warnock">Raphael Warnock</a> introduced a bill to cap the price at $35.<a href="#cite_note-212">[212]</a> As treasurer, Kennedy fought to keep investing tobacco settlement money in health care rather than reallocating it toward other budget shortfalls.<a href="#cite_note-213">[213]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3></div> Kennedy opposed President Biden's student loan forgiveness plan, saying, "Americans who already paid off their debt, worked through college, went to a trade school, or chose to not go to school will pay off the loans that other people incurred. On what planet is that fair?"<a href="#cite_note-214">[214]</a> He celebrated the Supreme Court's ruling against loan forgiveness, writing, "Biden's attempt to cancel student debt was a woke injustice: Forcing Americans who paid their debt or chose not to go to school to foot bills for [people] who haven’t paid back their personal loans. SCOTUS made the right call. Hardworking Americans will be better off for it."<a href="#cite_note-215">[215]</a> Kennedy supports school choice and has argued that parents should get to pick the school their child attends, especially if their district is providing a poor education. He said, "We can't seem to teach our kids how to read and write and do basic math when we've got 18 years to do it. I don't understand that…I don't care what the political cost is. I'm willing to try just about anything to improve public elementary and secondary education, including vouchers, including school choice, including charter schools."<a href="#cite_note-216">[216]</a> In 2023, Kennedy encouraged the Louisiana legislature to pass HB 12, a bill that requires schools to give extra tutoring to students who cannot read at grade level by third grade.<a href="#cite_note-217">[217]</a> He has served as a volunteer substitute teacher in Louisiana schools for more than a decade.<a href="#cite_note-218">[218]</a> He told CNBC he volunteered at the schools because "It occurred to me that not many of the folks in that room really knew what public schools were like today".<a href="#cite_note-cnbc.com-95">[95]</a> Kennedy opposes the use of race-based quotas during the medical school admissions process. He introduced a bill to remove funding from medical schools that use race-based admissions practices.<a href="#cite_note-219">[219]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Banking">Banking</h3></div> Kennedy has warned against allowing Chinese investors into American markets without safeguards to prevent insider trading. He passed two bills, the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act and the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, to require American markets to delist foreign companies that do not allow reviews of their audits.<a href="#cite_note-220">[220]</a> Kennedy criticized regulators for failing to spot the failure of <a href="/wiki/Silicon_Valley_Bank" title="Silicon Valley Bank">Silicon Valley Bank</a>, saying, "Where were the regulators? You couldn’t have found them with a search party."<a href="#cite_note-221">[221]</a> Kennedy opposed disclosure requirements from the CFPB in 2024 that would have required small business owners to disclose personal information about their sexuality, gender, and racial identity.<a href="#cite_note-222">[222]</a> Kennedy called for reforms at the FDIC following reports of widespread sexual harassment at the agency. He also introduced a bill to extend the statute of limitations for victims of the abuse to come forward with their accusations.<a href="#cite_note-223">[223]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Immigration_and_border_security">Immigration and border security</h3></div> Kennedy opposes illegal immigration and has called for stronger border security. In 2008, while serving as Louisiana treasurer, he criticized Senator Mary Landrieu for opposing legislation that would have prevented illegal immigrants from receiving Social Security benefits.<a href="#cite_note-224">[224]</a> In 2019, Kennedy supported Trump's effort to build a border wall and said he believed it could save taxpayers money by reducing the number of migrants on government benefits. He also called for illegal immigrants to pay fines for breaking immigration laws, saying, "If you cross the border illegally or overstay your visit to this country, then you should pay a stiff penalty."<a href="#cite_note-225">[225]</a> Kennedy said weak border policies have allowed fentanyl to flow into the United States, leading to thousands of overdose deaths annually. He introduced a bill to extend the prison sentences of those caught dealing fentanyl.<a href="#cite_note-theadvertiser.com-226">[226]</a> Kennedy also introduced a bill to classify cartels south of the border as terrorist organizations.<a href="#cite_note-Biden_and_the_fentanyl_hawks-172">[172]</a> Kennedy supports legal immigration, saying, "Legal immigration makes the country better. We are, after all, a nation of immigrants."<a href="#cite_note-227">[227]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abortion">Abortion</h3></div> Kennedy is "strongly opposed" to <a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">abortion</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CNBC1004G-228">[228]</a> He supported the 2022 <a href="/wiki/Dobbs_v._Jackson_Women%27s_Health_Organization" title="Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization">overturning of Roe v. Wade</a>, saying, "today's decision to return the issue of abortion to the American people and the states corrects a legal and moral error."<a href="#cite_note-229">[229]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greenhouse_emissions">Greenhouse emissions</h3></div> In 2019, Kennedy introduced the American Innovation and Manufacturing Act,<a href="#cite_note-230">[230]</a> co-sponsored by Senator <a href="/wiki/Tom_Carper" title="Tom Carper">Tom Carper</a> as an amendment to the American Energy Innovation Act. It would direct the <a href="/wiki/Environmental_Protection_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental Protection Agency">Environmental Protection Agency</a> to phase down production and consumption of <a href="/wiki/Hydrofluorocarbon" title="Hydrofluorocarbon">hydrofluorocarbons</a> over the next 15 years.<a href="#cite_note-231">[231]</a> Hydrofluorocarbons are potent greenhouse gases used primarily as coolants in refrigerators and air conditioning systems. The American Innovation and Manufacturing Act became law in December 2020 as part of the annual government funding bill.<a href="#cite_note-232">[232]</a> [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">non-primary source needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Guns">Guns</h3></div> Kennedy had an "A" rating in 2016 and "A+" rating in 2022 from the <a href="/wiki/NRA_Political_Victory_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="NRA Political Victory Fund">NRA Political Victory Fund</a> (NRA), which endorsed him during both elections.<a href="#cite_note-233">[233]</a><a href="#cite_note-VoteSmart1004G-234">[234]</a><a href="#cite_note-NRAILA1004G-85">[85]</a> Kennedy opposed a rule from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms that effectively reclassified guns equipped with pistol stabilizing braces as short barreled rifles, which would require gun owners to register the weapons with the federal government. He argued the rule harmed gun owners with disabilities who needed the braces to use handguns. He tried to pass a joint resolution of disapproval under the Congressional Review Act to block the rule, but the resolution failed by a vote of 50–49.<a href="#cite_note-235">[235]</a> Kennedy supports gun ownership for self-defense and often says, "I believe love is the answer. I do. But I also own a handgun, just in case."<a href="#cite_note-236">[236]</a> Kennedy supports protecting due process rights for veterans who seek assistance from Veterans Affairs. He introduced a bill to prevent the VA from reporting veterans to the FBI's National Instant Criminal Background Check System without due process if they seek financial support.<a href="#cite_note-237">[237]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Criminal_justice">Criminal justice</h3></div> Kennedy opposed the <a href="/wiki/First_Step_Act" title="First Step Act">First Step Act</a>, a bipartisan criminal justice reform bill. The bill passed 87–12 on December 18, 2018.<a href="#cite_note-238">[238]</a> Kennedy said the bill did not do enough to protect victims of crime, saying, "This is not a criminal justice bill. It is a prisoner release bill. We should be protecting victims of crimes and not the offenders who committed the crimes."<a href="#cite_note-239">[239]</a> In 2023, he introduced a bill that would lower the amount of fentanyl a dealer must possess to face the mandatory minimum prison sentence.<a href="#cite_note-theadvertiser.com-226">[226]</a> Kennedy has criticized prosecutors for declining to prosecute some offenders. In 2023, he introduced the Prosecutors Need to Prosecute Act, which requires prosecutors to disclose when they decline to prosecute cases. It would also remove funding for prosecutors who fail to report such cases.<a href="#cite_note-240">[240]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Net_neutrality">Net neutrality</h3></div> On March 7, 2018, Kennedy introduced a bill that would "prohibit companies like <a href="/wiki/Comcast" title="Comcast">Comcast</a> and <a href="/wiki/Verizon_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Verizon Communications">Verizon</a> from blocking or throttling web content."<a href="#cite_note-241">[241]</a> He was one of three Republican senators, with <a href="/wiki/Susan_Collins" title="Susan Collins">Susan Collins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Murkowski" title="Lisa Murkowski">Lisa Murkowski</a>, to vote with the entirety of the Democratic caucus on May 16, 2018, to overturn the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">FCC</a>'s repeal of <a href="/wiki/Net_neutrality" title="Net neutrality">net neutrality</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_policy">Foreign policy</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Congress_delegation_in_the_State_Duma_(2018-07-03)_09.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/U.S._Congress_delegation_in_the_State_Duma_%282018-07-03%29_09.jpg/265px-U.S._Congress_delegation_in_the_State_Duma_%282018-07-03%29_09.jpg" decoding="async" width="265" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/U.S._Congress_delegation_in_the_State_Duma_%282018-07-03%29_09.jpg/398px-U.S._Congress_delegation_in_the_State_Duma_%282018-07-03%29_09.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/U.S._Congress_delegation_in_the_State_Duma_%282018-07-03%29_09.jpg/530px-U.S._Congress_delegation_in_the_State_Duma_%282018-07-03%29_09.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2950" data-file-height="2181" /></a><figcaption>Kennedy greeting <a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Volodin" title="Vyacheslav Volodin">Vyacheslav Volodin</a> in July 2018</figcaption></figure> As Louisiana treasurer, Kennedy defended his choice to invest state money in Israeli bonds, writing, "Here’s how the U.S. Secretary of State’s Office sums up our nation's relationship with Israel: 'The United States was the first country to recognize Israel as a state in 1948. Since then, Israel has become, and remains, America's most reliable partner in the Middle East. Israel and the United States are bound closely by historic and cultural ties as well as by mutual interests.' That—along with Israel Bonds' solid track record—is good enough for me.”<a href="#cite_note-242">[242]</a> In April 2018, Kennedy was one of eight Republican senators to sign a letter to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">United States Secretary of the Treasury</a> <a href="/wiki/Steve_Mnuchin" class="mw-redirect" title="Steve Mnuchin">Steve Mnuchin</a> and acting Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/John_J._Sullivan_(diplomat)" title="John J. Sullivan (diplomat)">John Sullivan</a> expressing "deep concern" over a <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> report exposing "North Korean sanctions evasion involving <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> and <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>" and asserting that the findings "demonstrate an elaborate and alarming military-venture between rogue, tyrannical states to avoid United States and international sanctions and inflict terror and death upon thousands of innocent people" while calling it "imperative that the United States provides a swift and appropriate response to the continued use of chemical weapons used by Syrian President <a href="/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad" title="Bashar al-Assad">Bashar al-Assad</a> and his forces, and works to address the shortcomings in sanctions enforcement."<a href="#cite_note-243">[243]</a> In January 2019, Kennedy was one of 11 Republican senators to vote to advance legislation intended to block Trump's intent to lift sanctions against three Russian companies.<a href="#cite_note-244">[244]</a> Kennedy criticized Biden for his conduct of the withdrawal from Afghanistan, saying, "President Biden chose to withdraw from Afghanistan, but there’s no reason it had to be so chaotic. We all saw it: The panic, the fear, the chaos, the abandonment of equipment, the scrambling to destroy unclassified documents and classified documents, thousands of Americans and our allies trapped behind Taliban lines, no plan for the refugees… I am so sorry that all of our American soldiers who fought so valiantly had to witness what we all saw, and what we saw was stunning incompetence."<a href="#cite_note-245">[245]</a> Kennedy has been hawkish on China, especially when it comes to stopping Chinese companies from breaking American stock market rules. He passed two bills, the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act and the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, to delist any company that refuses to have its audits inspected by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board.<a href="#cite_note-246">[246]</a> Kennedy supported sending aid to Ukraine, saying, "This is not just the fight for the people of Ukraine. It's a fight for the people of the United States of America. It’s a fight for our national security."<a href="#cite_note-247">[247]</a> He advocated for a special inspector general to monitor the aid given to Ukraine following Russia's invasion.<a href="#cite_note-248">[248]</a> Kennedy expressed concern that money was being misspent, saying, "Ukraine is not without flaws. We've heard several unsettling reports of bad actors exploiting our generosity… We trust that our friends in Ukraine take corruption seriously. We must verify, too."<a href="#cite_note-249">[249]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_image">Public image</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Speaking_style_in_Congressional_hearings">Speaking style in Congressional hearings</h3></div> Kennedy is known for his pronounced Southern drawl and folksy manner of speaking. His irreverent rejoinders and often lavish politeness during hearings is well-documented. Kennedy once said in a hearing: "I trust Russia and China and Iran and North Korea like I trust a <a href="/wiki/Jussie_Smollett" title="Jussie Smollett">Jussie Smollett</a> police report." On another occasion he told a judicial nominee, "just because you've seen <a href="/wiki/My_Cousin_Vinny" title="My Cousin Vinny">My Cousin Vinny</a> doesn't qualify you to be a federal judge." At a 2017 Senate Banking Committee hearing, referring to credit monitoring companies like <a href="/wiki/Equifax" title="Equifax">Equifax</a> that collect information, sell it to other companies, then charge a premium to make sure it's accurate, Kennedy quipped: "It's ridiculous. I don't pay extra in a restaurant to prevent the waiter from spitting in my food."<a href="#cite_note-250">[250]</a> Some colleagues who knew Kennedy during his Louisiana politics days says he now sounds different than they remember.<a href="#cite_note-251">[251]</a><a href="#cite_note-252">[252]</a> Columnist Ed Felien once said Kennedy had "the charm of a Southern gentleman and the venom of a rattlesnake".<a href="#cite_note-253">[253]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2></div> Kennedy and his wife, Becky,<a href="#cite_note-254">[254]</a> are founding members of their local Methodist church in Madisonville. Despite sharing the first name and last name of <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">the 35th president of the United States</a>, he is not related to the <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_family" title="Kennedy family">Kennedy family</a> of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-family-255">[255]</a> Kennedy's family have been political and economic elites in Louisiana since the 19th century. Kennedy's great-grandfather Leonidas Calhoun owned hundreds of acres of land in <a href="/wiki/Catahoula_Parish,_Louisiana" title="Catahoula Parish, Louisiana">Catahoula</a> and <a href="/wiki/Concordia_Parish,_Louisiana" title="Concordia Parish, Louisiana">Concordia Parish</a>, which employed <a href="/wiki/Sharecropping" title="Sharecropping">sharecroppers</a>. Kennedy inherited hundreds of acres of land in Catahoula when his mother died.<a href="#cite_note-256">[256]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="2004 United States Senate election in Louisiana">2004 United States Senate election in Louisiana</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style>±% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/David_Vitter" title="David Vitter">David Vitter</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">943,014 </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">51.03% </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Chris_John_(politician)" title="Chris John (politician)">Chris John</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">542,150 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">29.34% </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">John Kennedy </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">275,821 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">14.92% </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Arthur A. Morrell </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">47,222 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">2.56% </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #DDDDBB; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Richard M. Fontanesi </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">15,097 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">0.82% </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #DDDDBB; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">R. A. "Skip" Galan </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">12,463 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">0.67% </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sam Houston Melton, Jr. </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">12,289 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">0.66% </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">Majority </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">400,864 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">21.69% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em"> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout" title="Voter turnout">Turnout</a> </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">1,848,056 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em"> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #E81B23;"> </td> <td colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> gain from <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="2008 United States Senate election in Louisiana">2008 United States Senate election in Louisiana</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">±% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Landrieu" title="Mary Landrieu">Mary Landrieu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">incumbent</a>) </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">988,298 </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">52.11% </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">+0.41% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #E81B23; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">John Kennedy </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">867,177 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">45.72% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−2.58% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #FED105; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Richard Fontanesi </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">18,590 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">0.98% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">n/a </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #DDDDBB; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Jay Patel </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">13,729 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">0.72% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">n/a </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #DDDDBB; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Robert Stewart </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">8,780 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">0.46% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">n/a </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">Majority </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">121,121 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">6.39% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+2.99 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout" title="Voter turnout">Turnout</a> </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">1,896,574 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">100 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #3333FF;"> </td> <td colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="6">2016 Louisiana US Senate blanket primary<a href="#cite_note-257">[257]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Candidate </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E81B23; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td>John Kennedy </td> <td>482,591 </td> <td>25.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#3333FF; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Foster_Campbell" title="Foster Campbell">Foster Campbell</a> </td> <td>337,833 </td> <td>17.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E81B23; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Boustany" title="Charles Boustany">Charles Boustany</a> </td> <td>298,008 </td> <td>15.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#3333FF; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td>Caroline Fayard </td> <td>240,917 </td> <td>12.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E81B23; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Fleming_(American_politician)" title="John Fleming (American politician)">John Fleming</a> </td> <td>204,026 </td> <td>10.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E81B23; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rob_Maness" class="mw-redirect" title="Rob Maness">Rob Maness</a> </td> <td>90,856 </td> <td>4.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E81B23; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Duke" title="David Duke">David Duke</a> </td> <td>58,606 </td> <td>3.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#3333FF; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td>Derrick Edwards </td> <td>51,774 </td> <td>2.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#3333FF; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td>Gary Landrieu </td> <td>45,587 </td> <td>2.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E81B23; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td>Donald "Crawdaddy" Crawford </td> <td>25,523 </td> <td>1.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E81B23; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Cao" title="Joseph Cao">Joseph Cao</a> </td> <td>21,019 </td> <td>1.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">No party</a> </td> <td>Beryl Billiot </td> <td>19,352 </td> <td>1.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FED105; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td>Thomas Clements </td> <td>11,370 </td> <td>0.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">No party</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Troy_Hebert" title="Troy Hebert">Troy Hebert</a> </td> <td>9,503 </td> <td>0.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#3333FF; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td>Josh Pellerin </td> <td>7,395 </td> <td>0.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#3333FF; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td>Peter Williams </td> <td>6,855 </td> <td>0.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#3333FF; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td>Vinny Mendoza </td> <td>4,927 </td> <td>0.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">No party</a> </td> <td>Kaitlin Marone </td> <td>4,108 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FED105; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td>Le Roy Gillam </td> <td>4,067 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E81B23; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td>Charles Eugene Marsala </td> <td>3,684 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E81B23; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abhay_Patel" title="Abhay Patel">Abhay Patel</a> </td> <td>1,576 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">No party</a> </td> <td>Arden Wells </td> <td>1,483 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DDDDBB; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td>Other </td> <td>Bob Lang </td> <td>1,424 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#DDDDBB; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td>Other </td> <td>Gregory Taylor </td> <td>1,151 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3;" style="text-align:right;">Total </th> <th>1,933,635 </th> <th>100 </th></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="2016 United States Senate election in Louisiana">2016 United States Senate election in Louisiana</a><a href="#cite_note-LAresults-258">[258]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319">±% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">John Kennedy </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">536,191 </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">60.65% </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">+4.09% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Foster_Campbell" title="Foster Campbell">Foster Campbell</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">347,816 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">39.35% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+1.68% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">884,007 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #E81B23;"> </td> <td colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption><a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="2022 United States Senate election in Louisiana">2022 United States Senate election in Louisiana</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">John Kennedy (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">851,527 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">61.6 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Gary_Chambers" title="Gary Chambers">Gary Chambers</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">246,928 </td> <td style="text-align:right">17.9 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Luke Mixon </td> <td style="text-align:right">182,877 </td> <td style="text-align:right">13.2 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Syrita Steib </td> <td style="text-align:right">31,567 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2.3 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Devin Lance Graham </td> <td style="text-align:right">25,275 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.8 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">MV "Vinny" Mendoza </td> <td style="text-align:right">11,910 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.9 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DDDDBB;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Beryl Billiot </td> <td style="text-align:right">9,378 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.7 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Salvador P. Rodriguez </td> <td style="text-align:right">7,766 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.6 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DDDDBB;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Bradley McMorris </td> <td style="text-align:right">5,388 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.4 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Aaron C. Sigler </td> <td style="text-align:right">4,863 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.4 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DDDDBB;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Alexander "Xan" John </td> <td style="text-align:right">2,752 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.2 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DDDDBB;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">W. Thomas La Fontaine Olson </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,676 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DDDDBB;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Thomas Wenn </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,322 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">1,383,229 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #E81B23;"> </td> <td colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_publications">Selected publications</h2></div> Kennedy has written and published the following books and articles: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2097&context=akronlawreview">"The Federal Power Commission, Job Bias, and NAACP v. FPC."</a> <a href="/wiki/Akron_Law_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Akron Law Review">Akron Law Review</a>, vol. 10, no. 556 (January 1, 1977).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcommons.law.lsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5042&context=lalrev">"Assumption of the Risk, Comparative Fault and Strict Liability After Rozell."</a> (47 <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Law_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisiana Law Review">Louisiana Law Review</a>, vol. 57, no. 791 (January 1, 1987).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcommons.law.lsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5166&context=lalrev">"A Primer on the Louisiana Products Liability Act."</a> <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Law_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisiana Law Review">Louisiana Law Review</a>, vol. 49, no. 565 (January 1, 1989).</li> <li>The Dimension of Time in the Louisiana Products Liability Act (42 Louisiana Bar Journal (January 1, 1994)</li> <li>"Role of the Consumer Expectation Test Under Louisiana's Products Liability Tort Doctrine." <a href="/wiki/Tulane_Law_Review" title="Tulane Law Review">Tulane Law Review</a>, vol. 69, no. 1 (1994-1995), pp. 117–164.</li> <li>Louisiana State Constitutional Law. <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_University" title="Louisiana State University">LSU Publications Institute</a> (January 1, 2012)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_politicians_who_switched_parties_in_office" title="List of American politicians who switched parties in office">List of American politicians who switched parties in office</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist 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Fox *. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230814201617/https://www.fox8live.com/story/26689562/fox-8-defenders/">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2023. Retrieved August 14, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fox+%2A&rft.atitle=FOX+8+Defenders%3A+Man+hits+jackpot+with+unclaimed+property&rft.date=2014-10-03&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Shelley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fox8live.com%2Fstory%2F26689562%2Ffox-8-defenders%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kplctv.com/story/31775372/latreasury-finds-almost-45-million-in-insurance-benefits-owed-to-residents/">"La. 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Times Picayune. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230814201618/https://www.nola.com/opinions/budget-wars---a-q-a-with-louisiana-state-treasurer-john-kennedy-james-varney/article_76bb7c68-8ea6-5e60-b7b5-7ee8cdebcf77.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2023. 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November 19, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240907122817/https://press-herald.com/treasurer-debt-refinancing-saved-louisiana-12m/">Archived</a> from the original on September 7, 2024. 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January 31, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230814201617/https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/business/louisiana-to-save-millions-by-refinancing-highway-projects/article_b76a0137-833f-5bf0-9ed2-d8a0eca63aff.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2023. 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Retrieved August 14, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Gambit&rft.atitle=Treasure+the+Moment&rft.date=2001-03-12&rft.aulast=McInnis&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fgambit%2Fnews%2Ftreasure-the-moment%2Farticle_d2aaca30-05a3-5df4-b697-3b86f44b2c45.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarrow2011" class="citation web cs1">Barrow, Bill (March 2, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nola.com/news/politics/treasurer-john-kennedy-with-no-official-role-in-budget-process-outlines-3-billion-savings-plan/article_a0b61190-6201-5601-afd7-1824fc97f113.html">"Treasurer John Kennedy, with no official role in budget process, outlines $3 billion savings plan"</a>. NOLA.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230814201617/https://www.nola.com/news/politics/treasurer-john-kennedy-with-no-official-role-in-budget-process-outlines-3-billion-savings-plan/article_a0b61190-6201-5601-afd7-1824fc97f113.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2023. Retrieved August 14, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NOLA.com&rft.atitle=Treasurer+John+Kennedy%2C+with+no+official+role+in+budget+process%2C+outlines+%243+billion+savings+plan&rft.date=2011-03-02&rft.aulast=Barrow&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Ftreasurer-john-kennedy-with-no-official-role-in-budget-process-outlines-3-billion-savings-plan%2Farticle_a0b61190-6201-5601-afd7-1824fc97f113.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neworleanscitybusiness.com/blog/2006/07/07/kennedy-ids-9m-in-pork-for-blanco-knife/">"Kennedy IDs $9M in pork for Blanco knife"</a>. New Orleans City Business. July 7, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230814201622/https://neworleanscitybusiness.com/blog/2006/07/07/kennedy-ids-9m-in-pork-for-blanco-knife/">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2023. Retrieved August 14, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Orleans+City+Business&rft.atitle=Kennedy+IDs+%249M+in+pork+for+Blanco+knife&rft.date=2006-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fneworleanscitybusiness.com%2Fblog%2F2006%2F07%2F07%2Fkennedy-ids-9m-in-pork-for-blanco-knife%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> Kennedy elaborated the plan in many venues across the state. See § III of the following: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamsey2011" class="citation news cs1">Ramsey, David (February 9, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.selu.edu/Academics/Depts/FacSen/020911minutes.pdf">"Guest Presentation by State Treasurer John Neely Kennedy"</a> (PDF). Southeastern Louisiana University Faculty Senate Minutes. Retrieved October 8, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southeastern+Louisiana+University+Faculty+Senate+Minutes&rft.atitle=Guest+Presentation+by+State+Treasurer+John+Neely+Kennedy&rft.date=2011-02-09&rft.aulast=Ramsey&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.selu.edu%2FAcademics%2FDepts%2FFacSen%2F020911minutes.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] A particular focus of Kennedy's cost-saving ideas was reduction in the hiring of consultants. </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140427121942/http://theadvocate.com/home/3110363-125/jindal-slashes-funding-for-state">"Michelle Milhollin, "Jindal slashes funding for state treasurer: Jindal's 'streamlining' efforts trim critics' funding""</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Advocate_(Baton_Rouge)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Advocate (Baton Rouge)">Baton Rouge Morning Advocate</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://theadvocate.com/home/3110363-125/jindal-slashes-funding-for-state">the original</a> on April 27, 2014. 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Daily Advertiser. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230814201617/https://www.theadvertiser.com/story/news/local/louisiana/2014/07/02/treasurer-says-state-check-kiting-cover-budget-shortfall/12042405/">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2023. Retrieved August 14, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+Advertiser&rft.atitle=Treasurer+says+state+%27check+kiting%27+to+cover+budget+shortfall&rft.aulast=Hasten&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theadvertiser.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Flouisiana%2F2014%2F07%2F02%2Ftreasurer-says-state-check-kiting-cover-budget-shortfall%2F12042405%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> The Daily Advertiser (February 4, 2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-advertiser-kennedy-enters-sena/130408500/">Kennedy enters Senate race</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230821194241/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-daily-advertiser-kennedy-enters-sena/130408500/">Archived</a> August 21, 2023, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Associated Press </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/politicselections/vote2004/2004-11-02-la-senate_x.htm">"Vitter avoids runoff, first Louisiana Republican to Senate"</a>. usatoday30.usatoday.com. November 2, 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210506210025/https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/politicselections/vote2004/2004-11-02-la-senate_x.htm">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved September 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=usatoday30.usatoday.com&rft.atitle=Vitter+avoids+runoff%2C+first+Louisiana+Republican+to+Senate&rft.date=2004-11-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fusatoday30.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2Fpoliticselections%2Fvote2004%2F2004-11-02-la-senate_x.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://staticresults.sos.la.gov/11022004/11022004_Congressional.html">"Official Election Results Results for Election Date: 11/2/2004"</a>. Louisiana Secretary of State. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402114929/http://staticresults.sos.la.gov/11022004/11022004_Congressional.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved December 27, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Louisiana+Secretary+of+State&rft.atitle=Official+Election+Results+Results+for+Election+Date%3A+11%2F2%2F2004&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstaticresults.sos.la.gov%2F11022004%2F11022004_Congressional.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://staticresults.sos.la.gov/11042008/11042008_Statewide.html">"Louisiana election results"</a>. Louisiana Secretary of State. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130831022328/http://staticresults.sos.la.gov/11042008/11042008_Statewide.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 31, 2013. Retrieved November 13, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Louisiana+election+results&rft.pub=Louisiana+Secretary+of+State&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstaticresults.sos.la.gov%2F11042008%2F11042008_Statewide.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuetteman2017" class="citation web cs1">Huetteman, Emmarie (February 17, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/17/us/politics/todays-senator-john-kennedy-is-from-louisiana.html">"Today's Senator John Kennedy Is From Louisiana"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201001024823/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/17/us/politics/todays-senator-john-kennedy-is-from-louisiana.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 1, 2020. Retrieved September 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Today%27s+Senator+John+Kennedy+Is+From+Louisiana&rft.date=2017-02-17&rft.aulast=Huetteman&rft.aufirst=Emmarie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F02%2F17%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Ftodays-senator-john-kennedy-is-from-louisiana.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRainey" class="citation web cs1">Rainey, Richard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161008030724/http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2016/01/treasurer_john_kennedy_enters.html">"Treasurer John Kennedy enters Senate race to succeed David Vitter"</a>. NOLA.com. The Times Picayune. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2016/01/treasurer_john_kennedy_enters.html">the original</a> on October 8, 2016. Retrieved June 27, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NOLA.com&rft.atitle=Treasurer+John+Kennedy+enters+Senate+race+to+succeed+David+Vitter&rft.aulast=Rainey&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fpolitics%2Findex.ssf%2F2016%2F01%2Ftreasurer_john_kennedy_enters.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichardson2015" class="citation web cs1">Richardson, Bradford (November 21, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/261030-vitter-edwards-louisiana-governor-election/">"Vitter announces Senate retirement after losing La. gubernatorial race"</a>. The Hill. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160330053051/http://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/261030-vitter-edwards-louisiana-governor-election">Archived</a> from the original on March 30, 2016. Retrieved June 27, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=Vitter+announces+Senate+retirement+after+losing+La.+gubernatorial+race&rft.date=2015-11-21&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=Bradford&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Fcampaign%2F261030-vitter-edwards-louisiana-governor-election%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NRAILA1004G-85">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NRAILA1004G_85-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NRAILA1004G_85-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nraila.org/articles/20161208/new-nra-ad-urges-voters-to-elect-john-kennedy-for-us-senate">"New NRA Ad Urges Voters to Elect John Kennedy for U.S. Senate"</a>. NRA-ILA. 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Retrieved October 4, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NRA-ILA&rft.atitle=New+NRA+Ad+Urges+Voters+to+Elect+John+Kennedy+for+U.S.+Senate&rft.date=2016-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nraila.org%2Farticles%2F20161208%2Fnew-nra-ad-urges-voters-to-elect-john-kennedy-for-us-senate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170416045130/http://www.johnkennedy.com/blog.cfm?post=91">"U.S. Chamber of Commerce Endorses Kennedy for Senate"</a>. johnkennedy.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.johnkennedy.com/blog.cfm?post=91">the original</a> on April 16, 2017. 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Retrieved April 15, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Trump%2C+Pence+Endorse+Louisiana+GOP+Senate+Candidate+John+Kennedy+Ahead+of+Runoff&rft.date=2016-12-03&rft.aulast=Hillyard&rft.aufirst=Vaughn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fus-news%2Ftrump-pence-endorse-louisiana-gop-senate-candidate-john-kennedy-ahead-n691571&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeslatte" class="citation news cs1">Deslatte, Melinda. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161012142409/http://www.dailycomet.com/elections/20161011/louisianas-republican-senate-us-candidates-stick-with-trump">"Louisiana's Republican Senate U.S. candidates stick with Trump"</a>. 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Kennedy leverages his position for state"</a>. The Advocate. September 1, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210909155032/https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/opinion/article_cc0f6da6-099b-11ec-bbf2-b71c32ff6b72.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 9, 2021. 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Washington Post. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a>. 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Retrieved March 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=KATC&rft.atitle=Louisiana+senators+say+they+will+vote+NO+on+Biden%27s+SCOTUS+pick&rft.date=2022-04-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.katc.com%2Fnews%2Fcovering-louisiana%2Flouisiana-senators-say-they-will-vote-no-on-bidens-scotus-pick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBridges2022" class="citation web cs1">Bridges, Tyler (July 30, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/politics/elections/john-kennedy-votes-against-computer-chip-bill-his-democratic-rivals-would-have-voted-yes/article_97f90caa-0f7d-11ed-856a-935d994df5a2.html">"John Kennedy votes against computer chip bill. His Democratic rivals would have voted yes"</a>. The Advocate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240907124458/https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/politics/elections/john-kennedy-votes-against-computer-chip-bill-his-democratic-rivals-would-have-voted-yes/article_97f90caa-0f7d-11ed-856a-935d994df5a2.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 7, 2024. Retrieved July 30, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Advocate&rft.atitle=John+Kennedy+votes+against+computer+chip+bill.+His+Democratic+rivals+would+have+voted+yes.&rft.date=2022-07-30&rft.aulast=Bridges&rft.aufirst=Tyler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theadvocate.com%2Fbaton_rouge%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Felections%2Fjohn-kennedy-votes-against-computer-chip-bill-his-democratic-rivals-would-have-voted-yes%2Farticle_97f90caa-0f7d-11ed-856a-935d994df5a2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPotter" class="citation web cs1">Potter, William Taylor. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theadvertiser.com/story/news/2022/08/09/inflation-reduction-act-what-louisiana-politicians-saying/10263969002/">"Here's what Louisiana politicians say about the Inflation Reduction Act"</a>. 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Retrieved August 8, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+Advertiser&rft.atitle=Here%27s+what+Louisiana+politicians+say+about+the+Inflation+Reduction+Act&rft.aulast=Potter&rft.aufirst=William+Taylor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theadvertiser.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2022%2F08%2F09%2Finflation-reduction-act-what-louisiana-politicians-saying%2F10263969002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAxelrod2022" class="citation web cs1">Axelrod, Tal (August 8, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abc11.com/senate-passes-tax-bill-insulin-cap-inflation-reduction-act-prices/12109332/">"Republicans strip $35 insulin price cap from Democrats' bill -- but insist Senate rules are to blame"</a>. 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Advocate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240907124900/https://www.nola.com/news/politics/louisiana-to-receive-millions-from-federal-spending-measure/article_e0ae8f9a-de13-11ee-b997-9b196bbaf7ee.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 7, 2024. 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The Hill. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230822170458/https://thehill.com/opinion/congress-blog/4003549-the-american-people-deserve-a-say-over-their-district-court-judges/">Archived</a> from the original on August 22, 2023. 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Kennedy stumps Biden judicial nominee with basic questions about Constitution"</a>. NBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230128154714/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/sen-kennedy-stumps-biden-judicial-nominee-basic-questions-constitution-rcna67703">Archived</a> from the original on January 28, 2023. 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The Advocate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230822170455/https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/politics/john-kennedys-opening-remarks-not-as-harsh-as-his-colleagues/article_fef17418-aa0d-11ec-9c05-972a1acb2627.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 22, 2023. 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Louisiana Illumnator. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240907124905/https://lailluminator.com/2022/03/21/heres-what-senators-said-on-the-first-day-of-the-u-s-supreme-court-hearings/">Archived</a> from the original on September 7, 2024. 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John Kennedy Launches Biblical Defense of Supreme Court, Attack on Democrats: 'By Thy Words You Shall Be Condemned'"</a>. Mediaite. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230822170455/https://www.mediaite.com/politics/sen-john-kennedy-launches-biblical-defense-of-supreme-court-attack-on-democrats-by-thy-words-you-shall-be-condemned/">Archived</a> from the original on August 22, 2023. 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NOLA.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240907125016/https://www.nola.com/news/politics/louisiana-must-safeguard-bp-settlement-money-for-our-coast-john-kennedy/article_0aacb4d7-9245-5fad-88a2-a7ad0010debf.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 7, 2024. 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The Advocate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230822170502/https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/politics/legislature/state-treasurer-warns-against-tobacco-settlement-sale-plans/article_68aaf885-33a5-5c14-8d9a-330a4dc0b15c.amp.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 22, 2023. 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Retrieved June 7, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Red+River+Radio&rft.atitle=LA+K-3+Literacy+Performance+The+Focus+of+HB-12+And+Teacher+Training.&rft.date=2023-06-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redriverradio.org%2Fnews%2F2023-06-07%2Fla-k-3-literacy-performance-the-focus-of-hb-13-and-teacher-training&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuidry" class="citation web cs1">Guidry, Leigh. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theadvertiser.com/story/news/local/education/2019/11/15/louisiana-senator-john-kennedy-teaches-paul-breaux-middle-lafayette/4190286002/">"U.S. senator steps into Lafayette classroom to experience 'the most difficult job in the world'"</a>. The Daily Advertiser. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240907122916/https://www.theadvertiser.com/story/news/local/education/2019/11/15/louisiana-senator-john-kennedy-teaches-paul-breaux-middle-lafayette/4190286002/">Archived</a> from the original on September 7, 2024. Retrieved November 15, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Advertiser&rft.atitle=U.S.+senator+steps+into+Lafayette+classroom+to+experience+%27the+most+difficult+job+in+the+world%27&rft.aulast=Guidry&rft.aufirst=Leigh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theadvertiser.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Feducation%2F2019%2F11%2F15%2Flouisiana-senator-john-kennedy-teaches-paul-breaux-middle-lafayette%2F4190286002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLindquest" class="citation web cs1">Lindquest, Spencer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailywire.com/news/u-s-senate-picks-up-house-proposal-to-cut-funding-to-all-medical-schools-that-push-dei">"U.S. Senate Picks Up House Proposal To Cut Funding To All Medical Schools That Push DEI"</a>. 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Retrieved March 15, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fox+News&rft.atitle=Sen.+Kennedy+says+SVB+bailout+could+have+been+avoided%3A+%27Bone+deep%2C+down-to-the-marrow+stupid%27&rft.date=2023-03-15&rft.aulast=Kasperowitz&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxnews.com%2Fpolitics%2Fsen-kennedy-svb-bailout-could-have-been-avoided-bone-deep-down-marrow-stupid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Donnell" class="citation web cs1">O'Donnell, Katy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/news/2023/10/18/senate-votes-to-overturn-cfpb-small-business-data-rule-00122257">"Senate votes to overturn CFPB small business rule as Biden threatens veto"</a>. 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Wade has misrepresented the Constitution since the ruling was rendered, and today's decision to return the issue of abortion to the American people and the states corrects a legal and moral error"</a>. Twitter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220625051719/https://twitter.com/SenJohnKennedy/status/1540370363145719810">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2022. 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Retrieved September 9, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Senate+Committee+on+Environment+and+Public&rft.atitle=Senators+Announce+Historic%2C+Bipartisan+Agreement+on+Environmental+Innovation+Legislation&rft.date=2020-12-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.epw.senate.gov%2Fpublic%2Findex.cfm%2F2020%2F12%2Fsenators-announce-historic-bipartisan-agreement-on-environmental-innovation-legislation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><a href="#cite_ref-233">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221109191551/http://nrapvf.org/grades/louisiana">"NRA-PVF | Louisiana"</a>. nrapvf.org. NRA-PVF. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161220191421/http://voices.washingtonpost.com/sleuth/2008/06/will_the_real_john_kennedy_ple.html">the original.</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-256"><a href="#cite_ref-256">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-slavery-families/">"Heirs of Power"</a>. Reuters. 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Heirs+of+Power&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Finvestigates%2Fspecial-report%2Fusa-slavery-families%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-257"><a href="#cite_ref-257">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://voterportal.sos.la.gov/static/#/2016-11-08/resultsRace/Statewide">"Official Election Results"</a>. Louisiana Secretary of State. November 8, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304085332/http://staticresults.sos.la.gov/10222011/10222011_43589.html#/2016-11-08/resultsRace/Statewide">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved November 17, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Election+Results&rft.pub=Louisiana+Secretary+of+State&rft.date=2016-11-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvoterportal.sos.la.gov%2Fstatic%2F%23%2F2016-11-08%2FresultsRace%2FStatewide&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LAresults-258"><a href="#cite_ref-LAresults_258-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://voterportal.sos.la.gov/Graphical">"Louisiana Secretary of State - Live Election Results"</a>. voterportal.sos.la.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190518051500/https://voterportal.sos.la.gov/graphical">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2019. Retrieved December 14, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=voterportal.sos.la.gov&rft.atitle=Louisiana+Secretary+of+State+-+Live+Election+Results&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvoterportal.sos.la.gov%2FGraphical&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Kennedy+%28Louisiana+politician%29" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:John_Neely_Kennedy" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:John Neely Kennedy">John Neely Kennedy</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kennedy.senate.gov/">Official U.S. Senate website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.johnkennedy.com/">Campaign website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?45754">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=K000393">Biography</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S4LA00065">Financial information (federal office)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/member/john-kennedy/K000393">Legislation sponsored</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/35496">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/Vote_Smart" title="Vote Smart">Vote Smart</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opensecrets.org/races/summary.php?id=LAS2&cycle=2008">Campaign contributions</a> at <a href="/wiki/OpenSecrets.org" class="mw-redirect" title="OpenSecrets.org">OpenSecrets.org</a></li> <li>Follow the Money – John Kennedy <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.followthemoney.org/database/StateGlance/candidate.phtml?c=95355">2007</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.followthemoney.org/database/StateGlance/candidate.phtml?c=77821">2005</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.followthemoney.org/database/StateGlance/candidate.phtml?c=18583">2003</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.followthemoney.org/database/StateGlance/candidate.phtml?c=33290">1999</a> Louisiana Treasurer campaign contributions</li></ul></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Vacant<div style="font-size:90%">Title last held by</div><a href="/wiki/Mary_Landrieu" title="Mary Landrieu">Mary Landrieu</a> 1991 </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> nominee for Treasurer of Louisiana 2003 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Vacant<div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div>Derrick Edwards 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Vacant<div style="font-size:90%">Title last held by</div>Allison Kolb 1968 </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee for Treasurer of Louisiana <a href="/wiki/2007_Louisiana_elections#State_Treasurer" title="2007 Louisiana elections">2007</a>, <a href="/wiki/2011_Louisiana_elections#State_Treasurer" title="2011 Louisiana elections">2011</a>, <a href="/wiki/2015_Louisiana_elections#State_Treasurer" title="2015 Louisiana elections">2015</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Schroder" title="John Schroder">John Schroder</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Haik_Terrell" title="Suzanne Haik Terrell">Suzanne Terrell</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Republican nominee for <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senator" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senator">U.S. Senator</a> from Louisiana (<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_senators" title="Classes of United States senators">Class 2</a>) <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="2008 United States Senate election in Louisiana">2008</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Cassidy" title="Bill Cassidy">Bill Cassidy</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/David_Vitter" title="David Vitter">David Vitter</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Republican nominee for <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senator" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senator">U.S. Senator</a> from Louisiana (<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_senators" title="Classes of United States senators">Class 3</a>) <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="2016 United States Senate election in Louisiana">2016</a>, <a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="2022 United States Senate election in Louisiana">2022</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Most recent </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Duncan_(Louisiana_politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ken Duncan (Louisiana politician) (page does not exist)">Ken Duncan</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Treasurer" title="Louisiana State Treasurer">Treasurer of Louisiana</a> 2000–2017 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Henson" title="Ron Henson">Ron Henson</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">David Vitter</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana"> U.S. senator (Class 3) from Louisiana</a> 2017–present Served alongside: Bill Cassidy </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Incumbent </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">U.S. order of precedence</a> (ceremonial) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Hassan" title="Maggie Hassan">Maggie Hassan</a></div>as United States Senator from <a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">Order of precedence of the United States</a> as United States Senator from <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> since January 3, 2017 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Todd_Young" title="Todd Young">Todd Young</a></div>as United States Senator from <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a> </td></tr> 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href="/wiki/Garret_Graves" title="Garret Graves">Garret Graves</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Statewide_political_officials_of_Louisiana" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a 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navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Cassidy" title="Bill Cassidy">Bill Cassidy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Kennedy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana#Law_and_government" title="Louisiana">State government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Landry" title="Jeff Landry">Jeff Landry</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Louisiana" title="List of governors of Louisiana">Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Nungesser" title="Billy Nungesser">Billy Nungesser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Louisiana" title="Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana">Lieutenant Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Landry" title="Nancy Landry">Nancy Landry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_Louisiana" title="Secretary of State of Louisiana">Secretary of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liz_Murrill" title="Liz Murrill">Liz Murrill</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_attorneys_general_of_Louisiana" title="List of attorneys general of Louisiana">Attorney General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fleming_(American_politician)" title="John Fleming (American politician)">John Fleming</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Treasurer" title="Louisiana State Treasurer">Treasurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_G._Strain" title="Michael G. Strain">Mike Strain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Department_of_Agriculture_and_Forestry" title="Louisiana Department of Agriculture and Forestry">Agriculture Commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Temple" title="Tim Temple">Tim Temple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Insurance_Commissioner" title="Louisiana Insurance Commissioner">Insurance Commissioner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Senate" title="Louisiana State Senate">Senate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cameron_Henry" title="Cameron Henry">Cameron Henry</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Louisiana_State_Senate" title="President of the Louisiana State Senate">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regina_Barrow" title="Regina Barrow">Regina Barrow</a>, President pro tempore</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Stine" title="Jeremy Stine">Jeremy Stine</a>, Majority Leader</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Boudreaux" title="Gerald Boudreaux">Gerald Boudreaux</a>, Minority Leader</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_House_of_Representatives" title="Louisiana House of Representatives">House</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phillip_DeVillier" title="Phillip DeVillier">Phillip DeVillier</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_Louisiana_House_of_Representatives" title="List of speakers of the Louisiana House of Representatives">Speaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_T._Johnson" title="Michael T. Johnson">Michael T. Johnson</a>, Speaker pro tempore </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Wright_(Louisiana_politician)" title="Mark Wright (Louisiana politician)">Mark Wright</a>, Majority Leader</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Willard" title="Matthew Willard">Matthew Willard</a>, Minority Leader</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Supreme_Court" title="Louisiana Supreme Court">Supreme Court</a> (elected by district)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_L._Weimer" title="John L. Weimer">John L. Weimer</a>, Chief Justice</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_D._Hughes_III" title="Jefferson D. Hughes III">Jefferson D. Hughes III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Crichton_(judge)" title="Scott Crichton (judge)">Scott Crichton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Crain" title="William J. Crain">William J. Crain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_McCallum" title="Jay McCallum">Jay McCallum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_D._Griffin" title="Piper D. Griffin">Piper D. Griffin</a></li> <li>1 seat vacant, Associate Justices</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Current_United_States_senators" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_U.S._senators" title="Template:Current U.S. senators"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Current_U.S._senators" title="Template talk:Current U.S. senators"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Current_U.S._senators" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Current U.S. senators"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Current_United_States_senators" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_senators" title="List of current United States senators">Current United States senators</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States#Constitutional_roles" title="Vice President of the United States">President</a>: ▌ <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> (D) ‧ <a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">President pro tempore</a>: ▌ <a href="/wiki/Patty_Murray" title="Patty Murray">Patty Murray</a> (D)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 14em;"> <ul><li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Alabama" title="List of United States senators from Alabama">AL</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Tuberville" title="Tommy Tuberville">Tuberville</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Katie_Britt" title="Katie Britt">Britt</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Alaska" title="List of United States senators from Alaska">AK</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Murkowski" title="Lisa Murkowski">Murkowski</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Dan_Sullivan_(U.S._senator)" title="Dan Sullivan (U.S. senator)">Sullivan</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Arizona" title="List of United States senators from Arizona">AZ</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Kyrsten_Sinema" title="Kyrsten Sinema">Sinema</a> (I)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Mark_Kelly" title="Mark Kelly">Kelly</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Arkansas" title="List of United States senators from Arkansas">AR</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/John_Boozman" title="John Boozman">Boozman</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Tom_Cotton" title="Tom Cotton">Cotton</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_California" title="List of United States senators from California">CA</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Alex_Padilla" title="Alex Padilla">Padilla</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Laphonza_Butler" title="Laphonza Butler">Butler</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Colorado" title="List of United States senators from Colorado">CO</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Michael_Bennet" title="Michael Bennet">Bennet</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/John_Hickenlooper" title="John Hickenlooper">Hickenlooper</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Connecticut" title="List of United States senators from Connecticut">CT</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Richard_Blumenthal" title="Richard Blumenthal">Blumenthal</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Chris_Murphy" title="Chris Murphy">Murphy</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Delaware" title="List of United States senators from Delaware">DE</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Tom_Carper" title="Tom Carper">Carper</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Chris_Coons" title="Chris Coons">Coons</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Florida" title="List of United States senators from Florida">FL</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Rubio</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Rick_Scott" title="Rick Scott">R. Scott</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Georgia" title="List of United States senators from Georgia">GA</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Jon_Ossoff" title="Jon Ossoff">Ossoff</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Raphael_Warnock" title="Raphael Warnock">Warnock</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States senators from Hawaii">HI</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Brian_Schatz" title="Brian Schatz">Schatz</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Mazie_Hirono" title="Mazie Hirono">Hirono</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Idaho" title="List of United States senators from Idaho">ID</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Mike_Crapo" title="Mike Crapo">Crapo</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Jim_Risch" title="Jim Risch">Risch</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">IL</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Dick_Durbin" title="Dick Durbin">Durbin</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Tammy_Duckworth" title="Tammy Duckworth">Duckworth</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">IN</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Todd_Young" title="Todd Young">Young</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Mike_Braun" title="Mike Braun">Braun</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Iowa" title="List of United States senators from Iowa">IA</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">Grassley</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Joni_Ernst" title="Joni Ernst">Ernst</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kansas" title="List of United States senators from Kansas">KS</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Moran" title="Jerry Moran">Moran</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Roger_Marshall" title="Roger Marshall">Marshall</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">KY</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">McConnell</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Paul</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana">LA</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Bill_Cassidy" title="Bill Cassidy">Cassidy</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kennedy</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maine" title="List of United States senators from Maine">ME</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Susan_Collins" title="Susan Collins">Collins</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Angus_King" title="Angus King">King</a> (I)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">MD</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin">Cardin</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">Van Hollen</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">MA</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warren" title="Elizabeth Warren">Warren</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Ed_Markey" title="Ed Markey">Markey</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Michigan" title="List of United States senators from Michigan">MI</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Debbie_Stabenow" title="Debbie Stabenow">Stabenow</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Gary_Peters" title="Gary Peters">Peters</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">MN</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Amy_Klobuchar" title="Amy Klobuchar">Klobuchar</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Tina_Smith" title="Tina Smith">Smith</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Mississippi" title="List of United States senators from Mississippi">MS</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Roger_Wicker" title="Roger Wicker">Wicker</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Cindy_Hyde-Smith" title="Cindy Hyde-Smith">Hyde-Smith</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Missouri" title="List of United States senators from Missouri">MO</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Josh_Hawley" title="Josh Hawley">Hawley</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Eric_Schmitt" title="Eric Schmitt">Schmitt</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Montana" title="List of United States senators from Montana">MT</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Jon_Tester" title="Jon Tester">Tester</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Steve_Daines" title="Steve Daines">Daines</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nebraska" title="List of United States senators from Nebraska">NE</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Deb_Fischer" title="Deb Fischer">Fischer</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Pete_Ricketts" title="Pete Ricketts">Ricketts</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nevada" title="List of United States senators from Nevada">NV</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Cortez_Masto" title="Catherine Cortez Masto">Cortez Masto</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Jacky_Rosen" title="Jacky Rosen">Rosen</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Hampshire" title="List of United States senators from New Hampshire">NH</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Shaheen" title="Jeanne Shaheen">Shaheen</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Maggie_Hassan" title="Maggie Hassan">Hassan</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Jersey" title="List of United States senators from New Jersey">NJ</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Cory_Booker" title="Cory Booker">Booker</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/George_Helmy" title="George Helmy">Helmy</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Mexico" title="List of United States senators from New Mexico">NM</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Martin_Heinrich" title="Martin Heinrich">Heinrich</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Ben_Ray_Luj%C3%A1n" title="Ben Ray Luján">Luján</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_York" title="List of United States senators from New York">NY</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Schumer</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Kirsten_Gillibrand" title="Kirsten Gillibrand">Gillibrand</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from North Carolina">NC</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Thom_Tillis" title="Thom Tillis">Tillis</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Ted_Budd" title="Ted Budd">Budd</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">ND</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/John_Hoeven" title="John Hoeven">Hoeven</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" title="Kevin Cramer">Cramer</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Ohio" title="List of United States senators from Ohio">OH</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Sherrod_Brown" title="Sherrod Brown">Brown</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">Vance</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Oklahoma" title="List of United States senators from Oklahoma">OK</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/James_Lankford" title="James Lankford">Lankford</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Markwayne_Mullin" title="Markwayne Mullin">Mullin</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Oregon" title="List of United States senators from Oregon">OR</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Ron_Wyden" title="Ron Wyden">Wyden</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Merkley" title="Jeff Merkley">Merkley</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Pennsylvania" title="List of United States senators from Pennsylvania">PA</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Bob_Casey_Jr." title="Bob Casey Jr.">Casey</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/John_Fetterman" title="John Fetterman">Fetterman</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Rhode_Island" title="List of United States senators from Rhode Island">RI</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Jack_Reed_(Rhode_Island_politician)" title="Jack Reed (Rhode Island politician)">Reed</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Whitehouse" title="Sheldon Whitehouse">Whitehouse</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from South Carolina">SC</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Lindsey_Graham" title="Lindsey Graham">Graham</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Tim_Scott" title="Tim Scott">T. Scott</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from South Dakota">SD</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">Thune</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Mike_Rounds" title="Mike Rounds">Rounds</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Tennessee" title="List of United States senators from Tennessee">TN</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Marsha_Blackburn" title="Marsha Blackburn">Blackburn</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Bill_Hagerty" title="Bill Hagerty">Hagerty</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">TX</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">Cornyn</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Cruz</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Utah" title="List of United States senators from Utah">UT</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Mike_Lee" title="Mike Lee">Lee</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Romney</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Vermont" title="List of United States senators from Vermont">VT</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Sanders</a> (I)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Peter_Welch" title="Peter Welch">Welch</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from Virginia">VA</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Mark_Warner" title="Mark Warner">Warner</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Tim_Kaine" title="Tim Kaine">Kaine</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Washington" title="List of United States senators from Washington">WA</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Patty_Murray" title="Patty Murray">Murray</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Maria_Cantwell" title="Maria Cantwell">Cantwell</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_West_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from West Virginia">WV</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Joe_Manchin" title="Joe Manchin">Manchin</a> (I)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Shelley_Moore_Capito" title="Shelley Moore Capito">Capito</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Wisconsin" title="List of United States senators from Wisconsin">WI</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Ron_Johnson" title="Ron Johnson">Johnson</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Tammy_Baldwin" title="Tammy Baldwin">Baldwin</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Wyoming" title="List of United States senators from Wyoming">WY</a>:</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/John_Barrasso" title="John Barrasso">Barrasso</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> ▌ <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Lummis" title="Cynthia Lummis">Lummis</a> (R)</div></li></ul> </div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>▌ <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a>: 49</li> <li>▌ <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a>: 47</li> <li>▌ <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a>: 4</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="Template:United States senators from Louisiana"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="Template talk:United States senators from Louisiana"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States senators from Louisiana"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana">United States senators from Louisiana</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 2</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean_No%C3%ABl_Destr%C3%A9han" title="Jean Noël Destréhan">Destréhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Posey" title="Thomas Posey">Posey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Brown_(Louisiana_politician)" title="James Brown (Louisiana politician)">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._C._Claiborne" title="William C. C. Claiborne">Claiborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Johnson_(Louisiana_politician)" title="Henry Johnson (Louisiana politician)">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Bouligny" title="Dominique Bouligny">Bouligny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Livingston" title="Edward Livingston">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_A._Waggaman" title="George A. Waggaman">Waggaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Nicholas" title="Robert C. Nicholas">Nicholas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Barrow" title="Alexander Barrow">Barrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Soul%C3%A9" title="Pierre Soulé">Soulé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_W._Downs" title="Solomon W. Downs">Downs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judah_P._Benjamin" title="Judah P. Benjamin">Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_S._Harris" title="John S. Harris">Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._R._West" title="J. R. West">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_Kellogg" title="William Pitt Kellogg">Kellogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randall_L._Gibson" title="Randall L. Gibson">Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donelson_Caffery" title="Donelson Caffery">Caffery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murphy_J._Foster" title="Murphy J. Foster">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_E._Ransdell" title="Joseph E. Ransdell">Ransdell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huey_Long" title="Huey Long">H. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_McConnell_Long" title="Rose McConnell Long">R. M. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_J._Ellender" title="Allen J. Ellender">Ellender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Edwards" title="Elaine Edwards">Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Bennett_Johnston" title="J. Bennett Johnston">B. Johnston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Landrieu" title="Mary Landrieu">Landrieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Cassidy" title="Bill Cassidy">Cassidy</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="United States Senate"><img alt="United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 3</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allan_B._Magruder" title="Allan B. Magruder">Magruder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eligius_Fromentin" title="Eligius Fromentin">Fromentin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Brown_(Louisiana_politician)" title="James Brown (Louisiana politician)">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_S._Johnston" title="Josiah S. Johnston">J. S. Johnston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Porter" title="Alexander Porter">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Mouton" title="Alexandre Mouton">Mouton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Magill_Conrad" title="Charles Magill Conrad">Conrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Porter" title="Alexander Porter">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Johnson_(Louisiana_politician)" title="Henry Johnson (Louisiana politician)">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Soul%C3%A9" title="Pierre Soulé">Soulé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Slidell" title="John Slidell">Slidell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_Kellogg" title="William Pitt Kellogg">Kellogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Eustis" title="James B. Eustis">Eustis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Jonas" title="Benjamin F. Jonas">Jonas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Eustis" title="James B. Eustis">Eustis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Douglass_White" title="Edward Douglass White">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_C._Blanchard" title="Newton C. Blanchard">Blanchard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_D._McEnery" title="Samuel D. McEnery">McEnery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thornton_(American_politician)" title="John Thornton (American politician)">Thornton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Broussard" title="Robert F. Broussard">R. Broussard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Guion" title="Walter Guion">Guion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._Gay_(politician,_born_1878)" title="Edward J. Gay (politician, born 1878)">Gay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_S._Broussard" title="Edwin S. Broussard">E. Broussard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Overton" title="John H. Overton">Overton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Feazel" title="William C. Feazel">Feazel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_B._Long" title="Russell B. Long">R. B. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Breaux" title="John Breaux">Breaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Vitter" title="David Vitter">Vitter</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kennedy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Louisiana&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_115th–present_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Louisiana&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_115th–present_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>'s delegation(s) to the 115th–present <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congresses</a> (ordered by seniority)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/115th_United_States_Congress" title="115th United States Congress">115th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana">Senate</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Bill_Cassidy" title="Bill Cassidy">B. Cassidy</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. N. Kennedy</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States representatives from Louisiana">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Steve_Scalise" title="Steve Scalise">S. Scalise</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Cedric_Richmond" title="Cedric Richmond">C. Richmond</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ralph_Abraham_(politician)" title="Ralph Abraham (politician)">R. Abraham</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Garret_Graves" title="Garret Graves">G. Graves</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Clay_Higgins" title="Clay Higgins">C. Higgins</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">M. Johnson</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/116th_United_States_Congress" title="116th United States Congress">116th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana">Senate</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Bill_Cassidy" title="Bill Cassidy">B. Cassidy</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. N. Kennedy</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States representatives from Louisiana">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Steve_Scalise" title="Steve Scalise">S. Scalise</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Cedric_Richmond" title="Cedric Richmond">C. Richmond</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ralph_Abraham_(politician)" title="Ralph Abraham (politician)">R. Abraham</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Garret_Graves" title="Garret Graves">G. Graves</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Clay_Higgins" title="Clay Higgins">C. Higgins</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">M. Johnson</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/117th_United_States_Congress" title="117th United States Congress">117th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana">Senate</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Bill_Cassidy" title="Bill Cassidy">B. Cassidy</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. N. Kennedy</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States representatives from Louisiana">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Steve_Scalise" title="Steve Scalise">S. Scalise</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Cedric_Richmond" title="Cedric Richmond">C. Richmond</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Garret_Graves" title="Garret Graves">G. Graves</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Clay_Higgins" title="Clay Higgins">C. Higgins</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">M. Johnson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Julia_Letlow" title="Julia Letlow">J. Letlow</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Troy_Carter_(politician)" title="Troy Carter (politician)">T. Carter</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/118th_United_States_Congress" title="118th United States Congress">118th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana">Senate</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Bill_Cassidy" title="Bill Cassidy">B. Cassidy</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">J. Kennedy</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States representatives from Louisiana">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Steve_Scalise" title="Steve Scalise">S. Scalise</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Garret_Graves" title="Garret Graves">G. Graves</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Clay_Higgins" title="Clay Higgins">C. Higgins</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">M. Johnson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Julia_Letlow" title="Julia Letlow">J. Letlow</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Troy_Carter_(politician)" title="Troy Carter (politician)">T. Carter</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media 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