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ဝဳကဳပဳဒဳယာ" autocapitalize="sentences" title="ဂၠာဲ ဝဳကဳပဳဒဳယာ [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="တၟေင်:ဂၠာဲ"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">ဂၠာဲ</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="ကိရိယာ သွက်ပူဂဵု"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="မံက်ပြာကတ်"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="မံက်ပြာကတ်" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">မံက်ပြာကတ်</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=mnw.wikipedia.org&uselang=mnw" class=""><span>ကဵုဒါန်</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:%E1%80%81%E1%81%9E%E1%80%B6%E1%80%97%E1%80%92%E1%80%BE%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%B6%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA&returnto=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF" title="မၞးဂှ် ဒးဒုင်အာတ်မိက် ကဵုခၞံကၠောန်အကံက်မွဲ ဆဂး ဒးကၠောန်တွဵု ဟွံသေင်ရ၊၊" class=""><span>ခၞံကၠောန် အကံက်</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:%E1%80%8A%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BD%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B6%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%B1%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA&returnto=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF" title="မၞးဂှ် ဒးဒုင်အာတ်မိက် ကဵုလုပ်လံက်အေန်၊ ဆဂး ဒးကၠောန်တွဵု ဟွံသေင်ရ၊၊ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>လုပ်လံက်အေန်</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="အရာမရုဲစှ် တၞဟ်" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ကိရိယာ သွက်ပူဂဵု" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ကိရိယာ သွက်ပူဂဵု</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="အသုံးပြုသူ မီနူး" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=mnw.wikipedia.org&uselang=mnw"><span>ကဵုဒါန်</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:%E1%80%81%E1%81%9E%E1%80%B6%E1%80%97%E1%80%92%E1%80%BE%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%B6%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA&returnto=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF" title="မၞးဂှ် ဒးဒုင်အာတ်မိက် ကဵုခၞံကၠောန်အကံက်မွဲ ဆဂး ဒးကၠောန်တွဵု ဟွံသေင်ရ၊၊"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ခၞံကၠောန် အကံက်</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:%E1%80%8A%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BD%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B6%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%B1%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA&returnto=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF" title="မၞးဂှ် ဒးဒုင်အာတ်မိက် ကဵုလုပ်လံက်အေန်၊ ဆဂး ဒးကၠောန်တွဵု ဟွံသေင်ရ၊၊ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>လုပ်လံက်အေန်</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ထွက်ပြီးသား တည်းဖြတ်သူများအတွက် စာမျက်နှာများ <a href="/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%B0%E1%80%A1%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AE:%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" aria-label="တည်းဖြတ်ခြင်းအကြောင်း ပိုမိုလေ့လာရန်"><span>ထပ်ဆက်လ္ၚတ်အာ</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:%E1%80%90%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%81%E1%81%9E%E1%80%B6%E1%80%97%E1%80%92%E1%80%BE%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%B2%E1%80%82%E1%80%99%E1%81%A0%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ဤအိုင်ပီလိပ်စာမှ ပြုလုပ်ထားသော တည်းဖြတ်မှုများ၏ စာရင်း [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ကမၠောန်ဂမၠိုင်</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:%E1%80%93%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%80%A1%E1%80%B2" title="ဤအိုင်ပီလိပ်စာမှ တည်းဖြတ်မှုများအကြောင်း ဆွေးနွေးချက် [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ဓရီုကျာ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ဂအာၚ်"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="မာတိကာ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">မာတိကာ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">မလဆုဲထောံနကဵုသာတ်ဗါ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ပၞုက်</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">စနူကၠာ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-နိရုတ်" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#နိရုတ်"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">၁</span> <span>နိရုတ်</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-နိရုတ်-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ်_ကေုာံ_ပွမစၟတ်သမ္တီ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ်_ကေုာံ_ပွမစၟတ်သမ္တီ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">၂</span> <span>အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ် ကေုာံ ပွမစၟတ်သမ္တီ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ်_ကေုာံ_ပွမစၟတ်သမ္တီ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ဗီုပြင်_ရးနာနာ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ဗီုပြင်_ရးနာနာ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">၃</span> <span>ဗီုပြင် ရးနာနာ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ဗီုပြင်_ရးနာနာ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-နိဿဲ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#နိဿဲ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">၄</span> <span>နိဿဲ</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-နိဿဲ-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle နိဿဲ subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-နိဿဲ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">၄.၁</span> <span>Works cited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="မာတိကာ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="မလှာဲစရၚ်နကဵုမာတိကာဂမၠိုၚ်" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">မလှာဲစရၚ်နကဵုမာတိကာဂမၠိုၚ်</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ရးနိဂီု</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in ၁၇၀ languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-170" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">၁၇၀ အရေဝ်ဘာသာဂမၠိုင်</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land" title="Land – အေက်ဖရိကာန်" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Land" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="အေက်ဖရိကာန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs" title="País – အာရာဂွန်" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="País" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="အာရာဂွန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="देश – အာန်ဂဳကာ" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="देश" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="အာန်ဂဳကာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AF" title="بلد – အာရဗဳ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بلد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="အာရဗဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6" title="দেশ – အိသ်ဇြာံမဳ" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="দেশ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="အိသ်ဇြာံမဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs" title="País – အက်စ်တိုးရီးယား" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="País" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="အက်စ်တိုးရီးယား" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jach%27a_marka" title="Jach'a marka – အိုင်မာရ" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Jach'a marka" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="အိုင်မာရ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96lk%C9%99" title="Ölkə – အာက်သေတ်ဗါဲဇြေနဳ" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ölkə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="အာက်သေတ်ဗါဲဇြေနဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A4%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%87" title="اؤلکه – အာက်သေၜါန်ဂျာနဳ ဒိုဟ်သမၠုင်ကျာ" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اؤلکه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="အာက်သေၜါန်ဂျာနဳ ဒိုဟ်သမၠုင်ကျာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB" title="Ил – ဗေတ်ခဳ" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ил" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="ဗေတ်ခဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banwa" title="Banwa – ၜေဲလ်ဂဝ်လဝ်အဒေါဝ်" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Banwa" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="ၜေဲလ်ဂဝ်လဝ်အဒေါဝ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Краіна – ဗါလာရုဇ်" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Краіна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ဗါလာရုဇ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Краіна – ဗေါတ်လာရုတ် (နဲကဲချူမအခဝ် ထေတ်ရာတ်သကဳဝေပ်ကာ)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Краіна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="ဗေါတ်လာရုတ် (နဲကဲချူမအခဝ် ထေတ်ရာတ်သကဳဝေပ်ကာ)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Страна – ဗူလ်ဂရဳယာန်" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Страна" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ဗူလ်ဂရဳယာန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="देश – ဖေါတ်ၜေအ်ရဳ" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="देश" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="ဖေါတ်ၜေအ်ရဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaontri" title="Kaontri – ဘစ်စ်လာမာ" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Kaontri" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="ဘစ်စ်လာမာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%AE" title="ခမ်းထီ – ပအိုဝ်" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="ပအိုဝ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6" title="দেশ – ဘင်္ဂါလဳ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দেশ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ဘင်္ဂါလဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6_(%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE)" title="দেশ (তালিকা) – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="দেশ (তালিকা)" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bro" title="Bro – ဗရဳတေန်" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bro" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="ဗရဳတေန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemlja_(dr%C5%BEava)" title="Zemlja (država) – ဗောဝ်သနဳယာန်" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Zemlja (država)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ဗောဝ်သနဳယာန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negara" title="Negara – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Negara" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs" title="País – ကတလာန်" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="País" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="ကတလာန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%C3%B3k-g%C4%83" title="Guók-gă – ကြုက် မေန်ဒေါန်" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Guók-gă" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="ကြုက် မေန်ဒေါန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BA" title="Мохк – ချက်ခ်ချေင်" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Мохк" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="ချက်ခ်ချေင်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasod" title="Nasod – သဲၜေါအ်အာနဝ်" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Nasod" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="သဲၜေါအ်အာနဝ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DA%B5%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="وڵات – ခဝ်ဒေတ် ဗဟဵု" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="وڵات" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="ခဝ်ဒေတ် ဗဟဵု" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paesi" title="Paesi – ခိုစီကန်" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Paesi" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="ခိုစီကန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A1tn%C3%AD_%C3%BAzem%C3%AD" title="Státní území – ချက်ခ်" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Státní území" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ချက်ခ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%C4%95%D1%80%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Çĕршыв – ချူဗက်ရှ်" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çĕршыв" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ချူဗက်ရှ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwlad" title="Gwlad – ဝေလ" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwlad" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ဝေလ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land" title="Land – ဒိန်နေတ်" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Land" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ဒိန်နေတ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_(Geographie)" title="Land (Geographie) – ဂျာမာန်" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Land (Geographie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ဂျာမာန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="देश – ဒေါတ်ဒါလဳ" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="देश" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="ဒေါတ်ဒါလဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%9B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B3%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%AB%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%96%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A4%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%A6%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A2" title="འཛམ་གླིང་རྒྱལ་ཁབ་དག་གི་མིང་རྫོང་དབྱིན་རྒྱ་གསུམ་ཤན་བསྦྱར – ဒဇွန်ကာ" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="འཛམ་གླིང་རྒྱལ་ཁབ་དག་གི་མིང་རྫོང་དབྱིན་རྒྱ་གསུམ་ཤན་བསྦྱར" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="ဒဇွန်ကာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B1" title="Χώρα – ဂရေတ်" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χώρα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ဂရေတ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Country" title="Country – အင်္ဂလိက်" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Country" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="အင်္ဂလိက်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lando" title="Lando – အေက်သပရေန်တဝ်" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Lando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="အေက်သပရေန်တဝ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="ဆောင်းပါးကောင်းတံဆိပ်"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs" title="País – သပုင်" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="País" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="သပုင်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maa_(piirkond)" title="Maa (piirkond) – အေက်သတဝ်နဳယာန်" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Maa (piirkond)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="အေက်သတဝ်နဳယာန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herrialde" title="Herrialde – ဗက်ခ်" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Herrialde" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ဗက်ခ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs" title="País – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="País" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1" title="کشور – ပါရှေန်" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کشور" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ပါရှေန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maa_(alue)" title="Maa (alue) – ဖေန်လာန်" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Maa (alue)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ဖေန်လာန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maa" title="Maa – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Maa" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matanitu" title="Matanitu – ဖီဂျီ" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Matanitu" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="ဖီဂျီ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pays" title="Pays – ပြင်သေတ်" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pays" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ပြင်သေတ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payis" title="Payis – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Payis" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A2n" title="Lân – ဖရေဝ်သဳယာန်လက္ကရဴ" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Lân" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="ဖရေဝ်သဳယာန်လက္ကရဴ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" title="國家 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="國家" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9yi" title="Péyi – ဂွဳအါမ် ခရေဝ်အဝ်" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Péyi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="ဂွဳအါမ် ခရေဝ်အဝ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B9thaich" title="Dùthaich – စကော့တစ်ရှ် ဂေးလစ်ခ်" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Dùthaich" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="စကော့တစ်ရှ် ဂေးလစ်ခ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs" title="País – ဂလဳသဳယာန်" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="País" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ဂလဳသဳယာန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B6" title="દેશ – ဂုဂျာရတဳ" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="દેશ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="ဂုဂျာရတဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87heer" title="Çheer – မန်းဇ်" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Çheer" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="မန်းဇ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%98asa,_yanki" title="Ƙasa, yanki – ဟာဥစာ" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ƙasa, yanki" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="ဟာဥစာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koet-k%C3%A2" title="Koet-kâ – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Koet-kâ" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaumoku%CA%BB%C4%81ina" title="Kaumokuʻāina – ဟာဝိုင်ယီ" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kaumokuʻāina" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="ဟာဝိုင်ယီ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5_(%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%94)" title="ארץ (גאוגרפיה) – ဟဳဘရဝ်" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארץ (גאוגרפיה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ဟဳဘရဝ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="देश – ဟိန္ဒဳ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="देश" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ဟိန္ဒဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Des" title="Des – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Des" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemlja_(geografski_pojam)" title="Zemlja (geografski pojam) – ခြဝ်ဨရှဳယာန်" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zemlja (geografski pojam)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ခြဝ်ဨရှဳယာန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peyi" title="Peyi – ဟေတီ" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Peyi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="ဟေတီ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orsz%C3%A1g" title="Ország – ဟာန်ဂါရေဝ်" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ország" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ဟာန်ဂါရေဝ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D6%80%D5%AF%D5%AB%D6%80_(%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AE%D6%84)" title="Երկիր (տարածք) – အာမေနဳယျာ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Երկիր (տարածք)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="အာမေနဳယျာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pais" title="Pais – အေန်တာလိင်ဂဝ်" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Pais" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="အေန်တာလိင်ဂဝ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menua" title="Menua – အဳဗါန်" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Menua" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="အဳဗါန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negara" title="Negara – အိန်ဒဝ်နဳသဳယျာ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Negara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="အိန်ဒဝ်နဳသဳယျာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land" title="Land – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Land" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuna" title="Nuna – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Nuna" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagilian" title="Pagilian – အီလိုကို" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagilian" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="အီလိုကို" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BA" title="Mохк – အိန်ဂုတ်" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Mохк" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="အိန်ဂုတ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lando" title="Lando – ဣဒဝ်" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Lando" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ဣဒဝ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land" title="Land – အာက်သလာန်" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Land" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="အာက်သလာန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paese_(geografia)" title="Paese (geografia) – အဳတလဳ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Paese (geografia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="အဳတလဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD" title="国 – ဂျပါန်" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ဂျပါန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konchri" title="Konchri – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Konchri" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/gugde" title="gugde – လိုဂျ်ဘန်" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="gugde" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="လိုဂျ်ဘန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ქვეყანა – ဂျဝ်ဂျဳယျာ" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქვეყანა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ဂျဝ်ဂျဳယျာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB" title="Ел – ခါသေတ်" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ел" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="ခါသေတ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F" title="ប្រទេស – ခမေန်" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ប្រទេស" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="ခမေန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B6" title="ದೇಶ – ကာန်နဒါ" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ದೇಶ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="ကာန်နဒါ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="나라 – ကိုဝ်ရဳယျာ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="나라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="ကိုဝ်ရဳယျာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8F%D9%84%D9%8F%DA%A9" title="مُلُک – ကက်ရှ်မီးယား" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="مُلُک" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="ကက်ရှ်မီးယား" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welat" title="Welat – ကဒ်" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Welat" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="ကဒ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pow" title="Pow – ခိုနီရှ်" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Pow" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="ခိုနီရှ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%BB%D0%BA%D3%A9" title="Өлкө – ကာဇေတ်" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Өлкө" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="ကာဇေတ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagus" title="Pagus – လပ်တေန်" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pagus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="လပ်တေန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paiz" title="Paiz – လာဒီနို" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Paiz" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="လာဒီနို" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%8C%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B5" title="Уьлкве – လက်ဇ်ဂီးယား" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Уьлкве" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="လက်ဇ်ဂီးယား" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landj_(geografie)" title="Landj (geografie) – လင်ဘာဂစ်ရှ်" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Landj (geografie)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="လင်ဘာဂစ်ရှ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Es%C3%A9" title="Esé – လင်ဂါလာ" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Esé" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="လင်ဂါလာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94" title="ປະເທດ – လဴ" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="လဴ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0alis" title="Šalis – လေတ်တူယဵုနဳယျာ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šalis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="လေတ်တူယဵုနဳယျာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeme_(teritorija)" title="Zeme (teritorija) – လပ်ဗဳယာ" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zeme (teritorija)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="လပ်ဗဳယာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firenena" title="Firenena – မာလဂက်စီ" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Firenena" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="မာလဂက်စီ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB" title="Эл – မာရေဝ် လ္ပာ်ဖာဗၟံက်" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Эл" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="မာရေဝ် လ္ပာ်ဖာဗၟံက်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagara" title="Nagara – စူကူမီနန်" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Nagara" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="စူကူမီနန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="देश – မာရဒဳ" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="देश" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="မာရဒဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negara_(geografi)" title="Negara (geografi) – မလေဝ်" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Negara (geografi)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="မလေဝ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pajji%C5%BC" title="Pajjiż – မော်လ်တာ" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Pajjiż" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="မော်လ်တာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%AD%C3%A7" title="Paíç – မီရန်ဒီးဇ်" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Paíç" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="မီရန်ဒီးဇ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA" title="တိုင်းပြည် – ဗၟာ" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တိုင်းပြည်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="ဗၟာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C" title="لزمی – မာဇန်ဒါရန်နီ" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="لزمی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="မာဇန်ဒါရန်နီ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land" title="Land – အနိမ့် ဂျာမန်" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Land" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="အနိမ့် ဂျာမန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="देश – နဳပဝ်" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="देश" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="နဳပဝ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D" title="देय् – နီဝါရီ" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="देय्" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="နီဝါရီ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_(geografie)" title="Land (geografie) – ဒါတ်" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Land (geografie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ဒါတ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land" title="Land – နော်ဝေ နီးနောစ်" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Land" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="နော်ဝေ နီးနောစ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pays" title="Pays – နဝ်မာန်" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Pays" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="နဝ်မာန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naga" title="Naga – မြောက် ဆိုသို" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Naga" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="မြောက် ဆိုသို" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs" title="País – အောက်စဳတာန်" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="País" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="အောက်စဳတာန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC" title="ਦੇਸ਼ – ပါန်ချာပဳ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਦੇਸ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="ပါန်ချာပဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pais" title="Pais – ပါပီမင်တို" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Pais" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="ပါပီမင်တို" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE" title="देशा – ပါဠိ" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="देशा" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="ပါဠိ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuntrii" title="Kuntrii – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Kuntrii" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraj_(pa%C5%84stwo)" title="Kraj (państwo) – ပဝ်လာန်" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kraj (państwo)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ပဝ်လာန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="دیس – ပါန်ချာပဳ လ္ပာ်ဖာပလိုတ်" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="دیس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="ပါန်ချာပဳ လ္ပာ်ဖာပလိုတ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="هیواد – ပါသတုန်" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هیواد" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="ပါသတုန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADs" title="País – ပဝ်တူဂြဳ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="País" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ပဝ်တူဂြဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suyu_(mamallaqta)" title="Suyu (mamallaqta) – ခီချူဝါအိုဝါ" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Suyu (mamallaqta)" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="ခီချူဝါအိုဝါ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Them" title="Them – ဗါတ်လပ် ရဝ်မာနဳ" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Them" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="ဗါတ်လပ် ရဝ်မာနဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%9Aar%C4%83" title="Țară – ရဝ်မေနဳယျာ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Țară" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ရဝ်မေနဳယျာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Страна – ရုဿျှာ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Страна" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ရုဿျှာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Країна – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Країна" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Дойду – ဆခါ" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Дойду" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="ဆခါ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2" title="ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ – သာန်တာလဳ" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="သာန်တာလဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kintra" title="Kintra – သကတ်" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Kintra" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="သကတ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%DA%AA" title="ملڪ – သိန္ဓိ" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ملڪ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="သိန္ဓိ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemlja_(geografski_pojam)" title="Zemlja (geografski pojam) – သာဗ်ခြဝ်ဨရှဳယာန်" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zemlja (geografski pojam)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="သာဗ်ခြဝ်ဨရှဳယာန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%A7" title="රට – စင်ဟာလာ" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රට" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="စင်ဟာလာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Country" title="Country – အၚ်္ဂလိက်ဓမ္မတာ" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Country" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="အၚ်္ဂလိက်ဓမ္မတာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%C5%BEela" title="Dežela – သၠဝ်ဝေနဳ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Dežela" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="သၠဝ်ဝေနဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atunu%27u" title="Atunu'u – ဆမိုအာ" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Atunu'u" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="ဆမိုအာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadan" title="Wadan – ဆိုမာလီ" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Wadan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="ဆိုမာလီ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vendi" title="Vendi – အယ်လ်ဘေးနီးယား" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vendi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="အယ်လ်ဘေးနီးယား" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="ဆောင်းပါးကောင်းတံဆိပ်"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%99%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Земља (геополитика) – ဆားဘီးယား" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Земља (геополитика)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="ဆားဘီးယား" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondre" title="Kondre – ဆရာနန် တွန်ဂို" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Kondre" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="ဆရာနန် တွန်ဂို" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naha" title="Naha – တောင်ပိုင်း ဆိုသို" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Naha" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="တောင်ပိုင်း ဆိုသို" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagri" title="Nagri – ဆူဒန်" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Nagri" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="ဆူဒန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land" title="Land – ဆွီဒင်" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Land" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ဆွီဒင်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nchi" title="Nchi – ဆွာဟီလီ" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Nchi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="ဆွာဟီလီ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="நாடு – တမီးလ်" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நாடு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="တမီးလ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/qalang_(Koka)" title="qalang (Koka) – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="qalang (Koka)" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%82" title="దేశం – တီလီဂူ" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="దేశం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="တီလီဂူ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Кишвар – တာဂျေတ်" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Кишвар" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="တာဂျေတ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8" title="ประเทศ – သေံ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="သေံ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%83%E1%8C%88%E1%88%AD" title="ሃገር – တဳဂျရေဝ်ယျာ" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ሃገር" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="တဳဂျရေဝ်ယျာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bansa" title="Bansa – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bansa" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%C5%A1v%C9%99r" title="Kišvər – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Kišvər" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Clke" title="Ülke – တူရကဳ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ülke" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="တူရကဳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alang" title="Alang – တရိုကို" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Alang" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="တရိုကို" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB" title="Ил – တတာ" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ил" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="တတာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Шаер – အူမူရတ်" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Шаер" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="အူမူရတ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%86%D9%84%DB%95%D8%AA" title="دۆلەت – ဥူဃူရ်" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="دۆلەت" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ဥူဃူရ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Країна – ယူကရိန်" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Країна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ယူကရိန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9" title="ملک – အူရဒူ" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ملک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="အူရဒူ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamlakat" title="Mamlakat – ဥုသဗဝ်" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mamlakat" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ဥုသဗဝ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="အထူးဆောင်းပါးတံဆိပ်, ဆောင်းပါးကောင်းတံဆိပ်"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%A9ze" title="Paéze – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Paéze" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%E1%BB%91c_gia" title="Quốc gia – ဗီယက်နမ်" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quốc gia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ဗီယက်နမ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A4n" title="Län – ဗိုလာပိုက်" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Län" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="ဗိုလာပိုက်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasud" title="Nasud – ဝါရေး" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Nasud" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="ဝါရေး" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" title="國家 – ဝူ တရုတ်" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="國家" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ဝူ တရုတ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ქიანა – မေန်ဂရဳယာန်" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ქიანა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="မေန်ဂရဳယာန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93" title="לאנד – ယိဒ်ဒိသ်" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="לאנד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ယိဒ်ဒိသ်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Or%C3%ADl%E1%BA%B9%CC%80-%C3%A8d%C3%A8" title="Orílẹ̀-èdè – ယိုရူဘာ" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Orílẹ̀-èdè" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="ယိုရူဘာ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guekgya" title="Guekgya – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Guekgya" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="国家 – ကြုက်" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="国家" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ကြုက်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kok-ka" title="Kok-ka – မိန်နာန်" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kok-ka" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="မိန်နာန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%82%A6" title="邦 – ကာန်ဒုန်" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="邦" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="ကာန်ဒုန်" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6256#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="ပလေဝ် လေန် အရေဝ်ဘာသာသအာင်" class="wbc-editpage">ပလေဝ် လေန်ဂမၠိုင်</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="ယၟုဒတန်"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF" title="ဗဵု မုက်လိက် မာတိကာ [c]" accesskey="c"><span>မုက်လိက်</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%93%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC:%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="သဳကၠဳ ပရူ မုက်လိက်မာတိကာ(မုက်လိက်ဏအ် ဟွံပြာကတ်) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>သဳကၠဳ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ဘာသာစကား မူကွဲကို ပြောင်းရန်" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ဘာသာမန်</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="ထ္ၜး"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF"><span>ဗှ်</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&veaction=edit" title="ပလေဝ်ဒါန် မုက်လိက် ဏအ် [v]" accesskey="v"><span>ပလေဝ်ဒါန်</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&action=edit" title="ဤစာမျက်နှာ၏ ရင်းမြစ်ကုဒ်ကို တည်းဖြတ်ရန် [e]" accesskey="e"><span>ပလေဝ်ဒါန် တမ်ကၞက်</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&action=history" title="အရာမပလေဝ်ဒါန်ကၠုင် မုက်လိက်ဏအ် [h]" accesskey="h"><span>ထ္ၜး လၟေၚ်အပြံၚ်အလှာဲ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="မုက်လိက်ကြိယာဂမၠိုၚ်"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ကိရိယာဂမၠိုၚ်" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ကိရိယာဂမၠိုၚ်</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ကြိယာဂမၠိုၚ်</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">မလဆုဲထောံနကဵုသာတ်ဗါ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ပၞုက်</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="နောက်ထပ် ရွေးချယ်စရာများ" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> တင်မကၠောန်ဂမၠိုၚ် </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF"><span>ဗှ်</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&veaction=edit" title="ပလေဝ်ဒါန် မုက်လိက် ဏအ် [v]" accesskey="v"><span>ပလေဝ်ဒါန်</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&action=edit" title="ဤစာမျက်နှာ၏ ရင်းမြစ်ကုဒ်ကို တည်းဖြတ်ရန် [e]" accesskey="e"><span>ပလေဝ်ဒါန် တမ်ကၞက်</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&action=history"><span>ထ္ၜး လၟေၚ်အပြံၚ်အလှာဲ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> နာနာ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B1%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%81%A0%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%A1%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B5%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF" title="စရင် မုက်လိက် ဝဳကဳ မဆက်စပ် ကု ပရူဏအ် သီုဖအိုတ် [j]" accesskey="j"><span>မု အဆက်အစပ် ကုအရာဂှ်ရော</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B1%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B6%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B2%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%9F%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9F%E1%80%BA%E1%80%82%E1%80%99%E1%81%A0%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF" rel="nofollow" title="မပြံင်လှာဲ လၟုဟ် ပ္ဍဲမုက်လိက်ဏအ်ဂှ် ဆက်စပ်ဒၟံင် ကုမုက်လိက်ဏအ် [k]" accesskey="k"><span>တြးပတိတ် အပြံင်အလှာဲ</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=mnw" title="ပတိုန်ပၠုပ် ဝှာင် [u]" accesskey="u"><span>ပတိုန်ပၠုပ် ဝှာင်</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:%E1%80%99%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="စရင် မုက်လိက် တၟေင် သီုဖအိုတ် [q]" accesskey="q"><span>မုက်လိက် တၟေင်</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&oldid=42239" title="ဌာန်ဒၟံင်လေန် လၟိုန်ကာလမကလေင်ပလေဝ်မုက်လိက်ဏအ်"><span>ဌာန်ဒတန်လေန် လၟိုန်</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&action=info" title="ဤစာမျက်နှာအကြောင်း အချက်အလက်ပို၍"><span>မုက်လိက် ပရိုင်တင်ဂၞင်</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:CiteThisPage&page=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&id=42239&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="ပရူတင်ဂၞင် ဗီုလဵုဂွံနိဿဲ မုက်လိက်ဏအ်"><span>နိဿဲ မုက်လိက်ဏအ်</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmnw.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E1%2580%259B%25E1%2580%25B8%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%2582%25E1%2580%25AE%25E1%2580%25AF"><span>မကေတ်URLဗီုပြၚ်ဂၠေံဂၠေံ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmnw.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E1%2580%259B%25E1%2580%25B8%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%2582%25E1%2580%25AE%25E1%2580%25AF"><span>တံၚ်ဂြဲကေတ်မလိက်ပၞုက် QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ပရေန်/ပတိတ် </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF"><span>ခၞံကၠောန် လိက်ကၞပ် မွဲ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&action=show-download-screen"><span>တံင်လုပ် နကု PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&printable=yes" title="မူမုက်လိက် မပြေန်ပ္တိတ်ဂွံ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>မူလိက် မပြေန်ပ္တိတ်ဂွံ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> နကဵု ပရဝ်ဂျေတ် တၞဟ် </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Countries" hreflang="en"><span>ဝဳကဳမဳဒဳယာ ခမ်မောန်</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6256" title="လေန် သွက်ဂွံ ဆက်စၠောအ် ဂအုမ် ဒကုတ် တင်ဂၞင်ဂမၠိုင် [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ဝဳကဳဒါတာ item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="မုက်လိက်ကြိယာဂမၠိုၚ်"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="မံက်ပြာကတ်"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">မံက်ပြာကတ်</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">မလဆုဲထောံနကဵုသာတ်ဗါ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ပၞုက်</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">နူ ဝဳကဳပဳဒဳယာ</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="mnw" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:A_large_blank_world_map_with_oceans_marked_in_blue_Collered_name-final.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/A_large_blank_world_map_with_oceans_marked_in_blue_Collered_name-final.png/220px-A_large_blank_world_map_with_oceans_marked_in_blue_Collered_name-final.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/A_large_blank_world_map_with_oceans_marked_in_blue_Collered_name-final.png/330px-A_large_blank_world_map_with_oceans_marked_in_blue_Collered_name-final.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/A_large_blank_world_map_with_oceans_marked_in_blue_Collered_name-final.png/440px-A_large_blank_world_map_with_oceans_marked_in_blue_Collered_name-final.png 2x" data-file-width="7500" data-file-height="4319" /></a><figcaption>ဗီုဂၠးတိ နကဵု ၜါဘာသာ မန် ကေုာံ အေင်္ဂလိက် မကၠောန်ပ္တိတ်လဝ် နကဵု ဂကောံညးလွပ်ဝဳကဳမဳဒဳယာန် မန်</figcaption></figure> <p><b>ရးနိဂီု</b> ဟွံသေင်မ္ဂး <b>ရး</b> <a href="/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%A1%E1%81%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B9%E1%80%82%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="ဘာသာအၚ်္ဂလိက်">အၚ်္ဂလိက်</a>: <span lang="en"><i>country</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%97%E1%81%9F%E1%80%AC" title="ဘာသာဗၟာ">ဗၟာ</a>: <span lang="my">နိုင်ငံ</span>) ဂှ် ပယျဵု အပိုင်အခြာမွဲ မနွံ အပ္ဍဲဂၠးတိ၊ ဗီုကဵု ဍုင်၊ ရး တအ်ကီုရ။ ရးနိဂီုဂှ် ဒှ်ပယျဵုတိဍာ် မနွံကဵု အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ် ဟွံသေင်မ္ဂး ပွဳပွူ အပိုင်အခြာ တိဍာ် မနွံ အပ္ဍဲ ကၟိန်ဍုင်ပံင်ကောံဇၞော်ဇၞော်မွဲရ။<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>၁<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ဥပမာ ရးနိဂီုဇပါန်ဂှ် ဒှ်ဍုင် မနွံကဵု အခေါင်ဗၠးၜး ကေုာံ အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ်မွဲရ။ ရးနိဂီုဝေလ် ဂှ် ဒှ်ရးနိဂီု မနွံကဵု အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ် မွဲစွံ ကုရးနိဂီုတၞဟ် အပ္ဍဲ သဟရာဇ်ဗြိတိန် (United Kingdom) ရ။ ဗွဲသရောပ်မ္ဂး ရးနိဂီု ဟီုဂှ် ဒှ်ဍုင် မနွံကဵု အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ် နကဵုတၞောဝ်ဝင်ကီု သီုကဵု ပရေင်ဍုင်ကွာန်ရ။ </p><p>မအရေဝ် မပစၞး ကုဗွိုင်တိဍာ် မနွံကဵု အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ်ဂှ် ပြံင်လှာဲကၠုင်ဒၟံင် နာနာသာ်တုဲ လဆောဝ် ဟီု ဍုင်၊ လဆောဝ် ဟီု ရး၊ ဗီုဗီုဏအ် ထုဲနှဲကၠုင်ရ။ နကဵု မရန်တၟအ် ဝေါဟာရဂမၠိုင် မဂွံပံက် ပွံက်အဓိပ္ပါယ် ဗွဲမကၠးဖ္ဍးမာန်တုဲ ရး ကဵု ရးနိဂီုဂှ် ဒှ်မအရေဝ် မပစၞး ကုဗွိုင်တိဍာ် မနွံကဵု အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ်၊ မဂွံစၟတ်သမ္တီ ဍုင်ဗၠးၜး မွဲရ။ </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="နိရုတ်"><span id=".E1.80.94.E1.80.AD.E1.80.9B.E1.80.AF.E1.80.90.E1.80.BA"></span>နိရုတ်</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&veaction=edit&section=1" title="ဒၞာဲ မပလေဝ်ဒါန် - နိရုတ်" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ပလေဝ်ဒါန်</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: နိရုတ်"><span>ပလေဝ်ဒါန် တမ်ကၞက်</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>မအရေဝ်မ္ဂး ရး ဂှ် ဂွံဆဵုကၠာအိုတ် ပ္ဍဲလိက်မန်တြေံ <a href="/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%A1%E1%80%BA%E1%80%82%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AB%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%81%8A_%E1%80%91%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF" title="ကအ်ဂေါန်၊ ထီု">ထီုကအ်ဂေါန်</a> မဒှ်လိက် နူ ၁၁ ဗွဝ်ကၠံ လပါ်စ "ရုပ်ကျာက်ဝေါအ် ဨယ်ဂၞကျာက် မုးဟးတး မအ်ဒၟောင် ပ္ဍေယ် ဍုင်ဒုအ်ဝေါပ် မအ်ပူစ်စ္လတ် ရုပ်ကျာ်တြယ်ဝေါအ် ကုအ်တိအ် ကျာက်တၟောအ် မအ်တာဝ် ပ္ဍေယ်ဒုအ်ဝေါပ်လး မအ်တာဝ်ဍေယ်ရာသ်လးဟ် ဨယ်စောမ် မအ်ပုစ် သ္အောရ် အစာစ္အာင် မအ်ပုစ် ကျာက်တၟောအ်။" ပ္ဍဲလိက်တၟအ်ယှိုဲသဳခုင်ဂှ်လေဝ် ဂွံဆဵုကေတ် "ဍူင်အရိမဋနပူရ်" (...) "အုတ်ဇိရ်္နောက်ရာသ် ဂၞသၟိင်ၐြဳတြိဘုဝနာဒိတျဓမၟရာဇဂေါးစိ ယင်ကုံလစ် မဒၟသ်ဇိရ်္လဂေါး သ္ကးသက်ဝေလ်"၊ သီုကဵု လိက်ၜါဂှ် ဍုင်ဂှ် ဒှ်ဒၞာဲဒတန်ဇၞော်ဇၞော် မၞိဟ်တအ် မပဒတဴတုဲ ရာသ် ဂှ် အလုံမွဲဗွိုင်တိဍာ် သၟိင်ဨကရာဇ်ဂှ် မပိုင်ပြဳလဝ်ရ။ အရေဝ်မန်တြေံ ပ္ဍဲဒေသရာမညဒေသ (အခိင်လၟုဟ် ရးနိဂီုဗၟာ သကုတ်လဒေါဝ် ကေုာံ သၟဝ်) ဂှ် နွံပိသာ်၊ တွာည် (ကွာန်)၊ ဍူင် (ဍုင်)၊ ရာသ် (ရး)။ အရေဝ်မန်တြေံ ပ္ဍဲဒေသဒွါရဝတဳ (ခေတ်လၟုဟ် ရးနိဂီုသေံ)ဂှ် ဂွံဆဵုကေတ် ဍောင်/ဍူင် ကဵု ရာသ် ၜါဟေင်ရ။ စဵုကဵုလၟုဟ် အရေဝ် ဂကူ<a href="/wiki/%E1%80%8A%E1%80%B8%E1%80%82%E1%80%B0%E1%81%8A_%E1%80%82%E1%80%80%E1%80%B0" title="ညးဂူ၊ ဂကူ">ညးဂူ</a>ဂှ် ကွာန် ဟွံမဲ၊ ညးတအ် ကော်စ ဍုင် ဖအိုတ်ရ။ </p><p>မအရေဝ်မန် ရာသ် ဂှ် ကၠုင် နူသံသကြိုတ် ရာၑ္တြ (ရာၑ္တြ ~ ရာၑ် ~ ရာသ် ~ ရး)။ မအရေဝ်ဏအ်ဂှ် နကဵု ဗီုပါဠိ ရဋ္ဌ။ ရး ဂှ် ပ္ဍဲကဵု အရေဝ်မန်ခေတ်တၟိ သီုဂွံအဓိပ္ပါယ် ကွာန်ဍောတ်ဍောတ်၊ မသ္ၚောဲကဵု ဍုင်ဇၞော်လေဝ် နွံကီုရ။ ဌာန် သၟိင်တၠ မပဒတဴဂှ် ဒှ်ဍုင်တုဲ ဌာန် မသ္ၚောဲ နူဒၞာဲသၟိင်တၠ သီုဖအိုတ်ဂှ် သရောပ်တုဲ ညးဟီုရး၊ ဟိုတ်ဂှ်ရ ဝေါဟာရ ရး ဏအ် ကၠိုဟ်အာ အဓိပ္ပါယ်တၞဟ်ရ။ </p><p>ပ္ဍဲကဵု ဘာသာပါဠိဂှ် ညးပါ်လဝ် </p> <ul><li>ဂါမ (ကွာန်) = ဒတန် မဟွံမဲ ကုဖျာ ကေုာံ တ္ၜိုန်။</li> <li>နိဂါမ (နိဂီု) = ဒတန် မနွံကဵု ဖျာ ဆဂး တ္ၜိုန် ဟွံမဲ။</li> <li>နဂရ (ဍုင်) = ဒတန် မနွံကဵု ဖျာ သီုကဵု တ္ၜိန်။</li> <li>သာခနဂရ (ဍုင်) = ဒတန် မဟွံမဲ ကုသၟိင်။</li> <li>ရာဇဌာနဳ (ဍုင်) = ဒတန် မနွံကဵု သၟိင်။</li> <li>ဇနပဒ (ဇနးပိုတ်) = ဒၞာဲဒတန် မပဒတဴ ဂကူမွဲဂကူဓဝ်။</li> <li>ရဋ္ဌ (ရး) =</li> <li>ရဇ္ဇ = ဗွိုင်တိဍာ် အဝဵုဨကရာဇ်မွဲ မဓလီုလဝ်။</li></ul> <p>ပ္ဍဲအရေဝ်မန် ခေတ်လၟုဟ် ဗွဲမဂၠိုင် ဟီုဒၟံင် ဍုင်ဂၠိုင်ရ။ ဥပမာ ဍုင်သေံ၊ ဍုင်ဗၟာ၊ ဍုင်ကြုက်။ ဍုင်ဇြပ်ဗု၊ ဍုင်ဗၟာ၊ ဍုင် ၜါဝွံ ဟိုတ်မဒှ် အဓိပ္ပါယ်တၞဟ်ခြာ ဗွဲမလောန်တုဲ တၞဟ်န ဂွံပါ်တၞဟ်ခြာဂွံတုဲ က္လေင်စကာလဝ် မဝေါဟာရ်တြေံပၠန်ရ။ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ်_ကေုာံ_ပွမစၟတ်သမ္တီ"><span id=".E1.80.A1.E1.80.9D.E1.80.B5.E1.80.AF.E1.80.80.E1.81.9E.E1.80.B1.E1.80.AC.E1.80.90.E1.80.BA.E1.80.A1.E1.80.91.E1.80.B1.E1.80.AC.E1.80.90.E1.80.BA_.E1.80.80.E1.80.B1.E1.80.AF.E1.80.AC.E1.80.B6_.E1.80.95.E1.80.BD.E1.80.99.E1.80.85.E1.81.9F.E1.80.90.E1.80.BA.E1.80.9E.E1.80.99.E1.80.B9.E1.80.90.E1.80.AE"></span>အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ် ကေုာံ ပွမစၟတ်သမ္တီ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&veaction=edit&section=2" title="ဒၞာဲ မပလေဝ်ဒါန် - အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ် ကေုာံ ပွမစၟတ်သမ္တီ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ပလေဝ်ဒါန်</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ် ကေုာံ ပွမစၟတ်သမ္တီ"><span>ပလေဝ်ဒါန် တမ်ကၞက်</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>မအရေဝ် ရးနိဂီု ဟွံသေင်မ္ဂး ရး ဂှ် ဆက်စပ်ဒၟံင် ကုပရေင်ဍုင်ကွာန်တုဲ ဍုင်မနွံကဵု အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ်၊ ရးမနွံကဵု သၞောဝ်ဥပဒေသဇိုင်၊ ဟွံသေင်မ္ဂး မနွံကဵု တွဵုပွိုင် ဗၠးၜး နူညးတၞဟ်ရ။ ဍုင်မနွံကဵု အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ် ဟီုမ္ဂး ဂှ် ဒှ်ဒတန် နကဵု ပရေင်ဍုင်ကွာန် မနွံကဵု အဝဵု ပ္ဍဲသၞောဝ် သၠုင်အိုတ် ကဆံင် မတုပ် ကု ရး/ဍုင်တၞဟ် ပ္ဍဲဂၠးတိဏအ်ရ။<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>၂<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> စပ်ကဵု ကိစ္စဏအ်တုဲ မတုပ်လဝ်စိုတ် ရေင်သကအ် ဗွဲမကၠးဖ္ဍး ဟွံမဲဏီရ။ ရး ဗွဲမဂၠိုင် မနွံ ပ္ဍဲဂၠးတိဏအ် နွံကဵု အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ်တုဲ ရး/ဍုင် လ္ၚဵုတအ်ဂှ် ဟွံကလိဂွံလဝ် အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ်ပေင်ပေင်လေဝ် နွံကီုရ။ </p><p>ပ္ဍဲကဵု ဂၠးတိဏအ် ရးနိဂီု သီုဖအိုတ် နွံ ၂၀၆ ရးဂှ် ၁၉၃ ရးဟေင် ဂွံဒှ် ကောန်ဂကောံ <a href="/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9C%E1%80%9E%E1%80%99%E1%80%82%E1%80%B9%E1%80%82" title="ကုလသမဂ္ဂ">ကုလသမဂ္ဂ</a>၊ ၜါဍုင် (Holy See ကဵု Palestine) ဂှ် ဂွံအခေါင်တိုန်လ္ၚတ် ပ္ဍဲအသေမ္ပလဳဇၞော်ကုလသမဂ္ဂဂွံတုဲ သၟေဟ် ၁၁ ရးဂှ် ကောန်ဂကောံလေဝ် ဟွံဂွံဒှ်၊ အခေါင်လုပ်လ္ၚတ် ပ္ဍဲအသေမ္ပလဳဇၞော်လေဝ် ဟွံမဲရ။<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>၃<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>၄<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9D%E1%80%B3%E1%80%80%E1%80%B3%E1%80%95%E1%80%B3%E1%80%92%E1%80%B3%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC:NOTRS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ဝဳကဳပဳဒဳယာ:NOTRS(မုက်လိက်ဏအ် ဟွံပြာကတ်)"><span title="The current source is not directly related to the content, but requires inference (February 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>ရးနိဂီုလ္ၚဵု ဗီုကဵု ထာဲဝါန် ကဵု ရးနိဂီုသဟရဝဳ (Sahrawi Republic) ဂှ် ၜိုန်ရ နွံကဵု အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ်ကီုလေဝ် ဟွံဂွံဒှ် ကောန်ဂကောံ ကုလသမဂ္ဂ။ ရးနိဂီုလ္ၚဵုမ္ဂး အဝဵုကၞောတ်အထောတ် ပံင်တောဲလဝ် နကဵု ရးဗွဲမဂၠိုင်ရ။ ဥပမာ ရးဒိန်မက် မ္ဂး နွံကဵု ဒိန်မက်၊ တကအ်ဖရဝ်၊ ဂြိန်လာန်။<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>၅<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ရးမရာဇ်နေတာလာန်ဂှ် ပံင်ပ္ကောံလဝ် နေတာလာန်၊ Aruba၊ Curaçao ကေုာံ Sint Maarten။<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>၆<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%91%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA:NoteTag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ထာမ်ပလိက်:NoteTag(မုက်လိက်ဏအ် ဟွံပြာကတ်)">ထာမ်ပလိက်:NoteTag</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9D%E1%80%B3%E1%80%80%E1%80%B3%E1%80%95%E1%80%B3%E1%80%92%E1%80%B3%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC:NOTRS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ဝဳကဳပဳဒဳယာ:NOTRS(မုက်လိက်ဏအ် ဟွံပြာကတ်)"><span title="The current source is not directly related to the content, but requires inference (February 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> သဟရာဇ်ဗြိတိန်မ္ဂး ဒက်ပ္တန်လဝ် နကဵု အေန္ဂလာန်၊ သကတ်လာန်၊ ဝေလ် ကေုာံ ဣရေလာန်သၟဝ်ကျာ။ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ဗီုပြင်_ရးနာနာ"><span id=".E1.80.97.E1.80.AE.E1.80.AF.E1.80.95.E1.80.BC.E1.80.84.E1.80.BA_.E1.80.9B.E1.80.B8.E1.80.94.E1.80.AC.E1.80.94.E1.80.AC"></span>ဗီုပြင် ရးနာနာ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&veaction=edit&section=3" title="ဒၞာဲ မပလေဝ်ဒါန် - ဗီုပြင် ရးနာနာ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ပလေဝ်ဒါန်</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: ဗီုပြင် ရးနာနာ"><span>ပလေဝ်ဒါန် တမ်ကၞက်</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Republic ရးနိဂီု (Republic off Benin ရးနိဂီု ဗေနိန်)</li> <li>republic of the Union သဟရး (Republic of the Union of Myanmar သဟရးဗၟာ)</li> <li>Kingdom ရးမရာဇ် (Kingdom of Belgium ရးမရာဇ် ဗေလ်ဂျဳယာမ်)</li> <li>Darussalam (Brunei Darussalam ရးတၠစဴ ဗြူနာင်)</li> <li>united Kingdom သဟရာဇ် (United Kingdom of Great Britain သဟရးဗြိတိန်)</li> <li>united States သဟရး (United States of America သဟရး အမေရိကာန်)</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="နိဿဲ"><span id=".E1.80.94.E1.80.AD.E1.80.BF.E1.80.B2"></span>နိဿဲ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&veaction=edit&section=4" title="ဒၞာဲ မပလေဝ်ဒါန် - နိဿဲ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ပလေဝ်ဒါန်</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: နိဿဲ"><span>ပလေဝ်ဒါန် တမ်ကၞက်</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Jones, J (1964). "What Makes a Country?". <i>Human Events</i> <b>24</b> (31).</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=What+Makes+a+Country%3F&rft.jtitle=Human+Events&rft.date=1964&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=31&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=J"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Philpott, Daniel (1995). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24357595">Sovereignty: An Introduction and Brief History</a>". <i>Journal of International Affairs</i> <b>48</b> (2): 353–368. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Serial_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Serial Number(မုက်လိက်ဏအ် ဟွံပြာကတ်)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0022-197X">0022-197X</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sovereignty%3A+An+Introduction+and+Brief+History&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+International+Affairs&rft.date=1995&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.aulast=Philpott&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.pages=353%E2%80%93368&rft.issn=0022-197X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24357595"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/en/about-us/non-member-states">Non-Member-States</a> (in en).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/en/about-us/member-states">Member States</a> (in en).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210209112007/https://www.eu.dk/da/english/greenland-and-the-faroe-islands">Greenland and the Faroe Islands</a>. The Danish Parliament – EU Information Centre (15 January 2020). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eu.dk/da/english/greenland-and-the-faroe-islands">the original</a> on <a href="/w/index.php?title=9_February_2021&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="9 February 2021(မုက်လိက်ဏအ် ဟွံပြာကတ်)">9 February 2021</a>။ Retrieved on <a href="/w/index.php?title=4_September_2023&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4 September 2023(မုက်လိက်ဏအ် ဟွံပြာကတ်)">4 September 2023</a>။</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.government.nl/topics/caribbean-parts-of-the-kingdom/question-and-answer/topics/caribbean-parts-of-the-kingdom/question-and-answer/what-are-the-different-parts-of-the-kingdom-of-the-netherlands">What are the different parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands?</a> (in en-GB).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9D%E1%80%B3%E1%80%80%E1%80%B3%E1%80%95%E1%80%B3%E1%80%92%E1%80%B3%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC:Link_rot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ဝဳကဳပဳဒဳယာ:Link rot(မုက်လိက်ဏအ် ဟွံပြာကတ်)"><span title=" Dead link since September 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&veaction=edit&section=5" title="ဒၞာဲ မပလေဝ်ဒါန် - Works cited" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ပလေဝ်ဒါန်</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%AF&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Works cited"><span>ပလေဝ်ဒါန် တမ်ကၞက်</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r12718">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>dd{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;"> <ul><li><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal"> (1971) <i>Flags of the World</i>. Great Britain: William Cloves & Sons Ltd. <a href="/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%81%9E%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%BF%E1%80%B2%E1%80%82%E1%80%99%E1%81%A0%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA/0723213380" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0723213380</a>။</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flags+of+the+World&rft.date=1971&rft.pub=William+Cloves+%26+Sons+Ltd&rft.place=Great+Britain&rft.isbn=0723213380"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-fe1f082e">Lua error in မဝ်ဂျူ:Citation/CS1 at line 828: Argument map not defined for this variable: ArticleNumber.</span></strong></li> <li><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal"> (1979) <i>Flags</i>. Ward Lock. <a href="/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%81%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA:%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%81%9E%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%BF%E1%80%B2%E1%80%82%E1%80%99%E1%81%A0%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA/9780706356526" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0706356526</a>။</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flags&rft.date=1979&rft.pub=Ward+Lock&rft.isbn=978-0706356526"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2016/06/happy-flag-day/486866/">Where Do Flags Come From?</a>"၊ <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Atlantic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Atlantic(မုက်လိက်ဏအ် ဟွံပြာကတ်)">The Atlantic</a></i>၊ 14 June 2016။<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.title=Where+Do+Flags+Come+From%3F&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fhealth%2Farchive%2F2016%2F06%2Fhappy-flag-day%2F486866%2F&rft.source=%5B%5BThe+Atlantic%5D%5D&rft.date=14+June+2016"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal"> "National Symbols under Colonial Domination: The Nationalization of the Indian Flag, March-August 1923"  (August 1999). <i>Past & Present</i> <b>164</b> (164): 169–197. Oxford University Press. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_object_identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital object identifier(မုက်လိက်ဏအ် ဟွံပြာကတ်)">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Fpast%2F164.1.169">10.1093/past/164.1.169</a></span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=National+Symbols+under+Colonial+Domination%3A+The+Nationalization+of+the+Indian+Flag%2C+March-August+1923&rft.jtitle=Past+%26+Present&rft.date=August+1999&rft.volume=164&rft.issue=164&rft.pages=169%E2%80%93197&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fpast%2F164.1.169"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-fe1f082e">Lua error in မဝ်ဂျူ:Citation/CS1 at line 828: Argument map not defined for this variable: ArticleNumber.</span></strong></li></ul> </div>    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