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href="#"></a></li></ul></div> </div> </nav> <div class="site grid-container container hfeed grid-parent" id="page"> <div class="site-content" id="content"> <div class="content-area grid-parent mobile-grid-100 grid-75 tablet-grid-75" id="primary"> <main class="site-main" id="main"> <article id="post-15792" class="post-15792 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-editorial category-society-and-politics tag-america tag-american-studies tag-british-studies tag-civil-war tag-denmark tag-diplomacy tag-emma-harris tag-europe tag-manuscripts tag-netherlands tag-newspapers tag-nineteenth-century-history tag-publishing-team tag-slavery tag-the-american-civil-war-the-international-context tag-united-kingdom tag-united-states tag-war" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <div class="featured-image page-header-image-single grid-container grid-parent"> <img width="1600" height="900" src="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Header-Image-1.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Header-Image-1.png 1600w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Header-Image-1-300x169.png 300w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Header-Image-1-1024x576.png 1024w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Header-Image-1-768x432.png 768w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Header-Image-1-1536x864.png 1536w" sizes="(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px" /> </div> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline">The American Civil War: The International Perspective – The First Digital Archive of Its Kind</h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2025-02-04T07:00:00+00:00" itemprop="datePublished">February 4, 2025</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://review.gale.com/author/admin/" title="View all posts by Gale Review Team" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">Gale Review Team</span></a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="text"> <p><strong>│By Emma Harris, Associate Editor, Gale Primary Sources│</strong></p> <p>A fundamental topic in American history, the American Civil War (1861-1865) was a major event of the nineteenth century, not just in America but also in global politics, with ramifications for the future of slavery and ideas of popular, democratic government. Lecturers and researchers have increasingly been looking to study the war in its international context as the trajectory and outcome of the war impacted those beyond just America—especially in Europe.</p> <span id="more-15792"></span> <p>Not only did the Unionists and Confederates seek to strengthen diplomatic and trade relationships with Europe to aid their cause, while also sending agents overseas to spread propaganda, but many Europeans, both immigrants and those from abroad, volunteered to fight in the war. Britain’s involvement saw trade and moral causes in battle, as slavery – which had been abolished in Britain – played a large role in the war, yet supporting the Unionists threatened vital trade that Britain had with the South and many jobs depended upon.</p> <p>Answering this call, in December 2024, <a href="https://www.gale.com/intl/primary-sources" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"><em>Gale Primary Sources</em></a> released <a href="https://www.gale.com/intl/c/american-civil-war-the-international-context" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"><em>The American Civil War: The International Context</em></a><em>, </em>the first digital archive of its kind with a unique corpus of primary sources from a variety of international locations across Europe.</p> <h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Unionist and Confederate Propaganda Newspapers</strong></h4> <p>One of the key features of the archive is its multi-layered set of sources that offer a range of perspectives on the conflict, including the two London-based newspapers, <em>The London American</em> and <em>The Index</em> – pro-Union and Confederate propaganda journals, respectively.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full"><a href="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/1-1.jpg"><img decoding="async" width="490" height="765" src="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/1-1.jpg" alt="Front page of The Index. A Weekly Journal of Politics, Literature, and News. [Devoted to the Exposition of the Mutual Interests of Great Britain and the Confederate States of America.], vol. 3, no. 61, 25 June 1863." class="wp-image-15784" srcset="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/1-1.jpg 490w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/1-1-192x300.jpg 192w" sizes="(max-width: 490px) 100vw, 490px" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">“The Index. A Weekly Journal of Politics, Literature, and News. (Devoted to the Exposition of the Mutual Interests of Great Britain and the Confederate States of America).” <em>The Index. A Weekly Journal of Politics, Literature, and News.</em> [Devoted to the Exposition of the Mutual Interests of Great Britain and the Confederate States of America.], vol. 3, no. 61, 25 June 1863, p. [129]. <em>The American Civil War: The International Context</em>, <a href="https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/AZIAKF433162634/TACW?u=webdemo&sid=bookmark-TACW&xid=346c46ef" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/AZIAKF433162634/TACW?u=webdemo&sid=bookmark-TACW&xid=346c46ef</a>.</figcaption></figure></div> <p>Both the Unionists and the Confederates sent agents over to Britain to influence opinion and support for their cause – Henry Hotze, being one of the Confederate agents who set up <em>The Index</em> in 1862, whose papers can also be found in <a href="https://www.gale.com/intl/c/american-civil-war-the-international-context" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"><em>The American Civil War: The International Context</em></a><em>.</em> Hotze amplified messages of self-determination, lower trade tariffs, and cotton shortages to appeal to Britain as a result of Union blockades on Southern ports, while working with his team at <em>The Index</em> to publish pieces that emphasised shared values between Britain and the Confederacy.</p> <p>Though the newspaper was popular, particularly amongst aristocratic readers, <em>The Index</em>’s pro-slavery stance contested Britain’s abolition of slavery which was ultimately a moral cause that kept them from fully supporting the Confederacy.</p> <p><em>The Index</em> was inspired by its Fleet Street neighbour, <em>The London American</em> – a journal set up in 1860 by American Northerner, John Adams Knight, and originally created to provide American-related news and transatlantic trade updates to US citizens living in London. It later became a medium for Union propaganda.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><a href="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2.jpg"><img decoding="async" width="695" height="993" src="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2.jpg" alt="Front page of "London American." London American, 25 Feb. 1863, p. [1]. " class="wp-image-15785" style="width:500px;height:auto" srcset="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2.jpg 695w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2-210x300.jpg 210w" sizes="(max-width: 695px) 100vw, 695px" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">“London American.” <em>London American</em>, 25 Feb. 1863, p. [1]. <em>The American Civil War: The International Context</em>, <a href="https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/NXFPYT275373844/TACW?u=webdemo&sid=bookmark-TACW&xid=d67c016a" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/NXFPYT275373844/TACW?u=webdemo&sid=bookmark-TACW&xid=d67c016a</a>.</figcaption></figure></div> <p>What was interesting about <em>The London American</em>’s approach in comparison to <em>The Index</em>, was how it shared hostilities towards the Confederate cause, but also towards Britain. In an attempt to dissuade Britain from becoming entangled in the conflict, the newspaper promoted opposing values to nineteenth-century Britain, such as anti-monarchist and anti-aristocratic rhetoric, while writing articles with the motivation of instilling fear into Britain should they get involved.</p> <h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Cotton and Other Industries</strong></h4> <p>While Britain adopted a stance of neutrality during the American Civil War, <a href="https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/ACSHFC045574293/TACW?u=webdemo&sid=bookmark-TACW&xid=00d60c0b&pg=1" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">as seen in the proclamation below</a>, that did not mean it remained unaffected or uninvolved. A key concern for the British during the war was the economic hardships at home that could come from interruptions to the importation of cotton from the South.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-large is-resized"><a href="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/3.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="648" height="1024" src="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/3-648x1024.jpg" alt="Queen's Proclamation of Neutrality, 1861. " class="wp-image-15786" style="width:506px;height:auto" srcset="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/3-648x1024.jpg 648w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/3-190x300.jpg 190w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/3-768x1213.jpg 768w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/3-973x1536.jpg 973w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/3-1297x2048.jpg 1297w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/3.jpg 1388w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 648px) 100vw, 648px" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Queen’s Proclamation of Neutrality, 1861. 1861. TS Queen’s Proclamation of Neutrality, 1861 DD/WM/42. Somerset Archives and Local Studies Service, Taunton. <em>The American Civil War: The International Context</em>, <a href="https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/ACSHFC045574293/TACW?u=webdemo&sid=bookmark-TACW&xid=00d60c0b&pg=1" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/ACSHFC045574293/TACW?u=webdemo&sid=bookmark-TACW&xid=00d60c0b&pg=1</a>.</figcaption></figure></div> <p>In the mid-nineteenth century, Lancashire was known as the cotton capital of the world, and along with Liverpool and the Wirral, the cotton industry boomed there, relying heavily on cotton imported in from the Deep South. Britain, especially in these areas, had deep economic ties with the southern states, which the South used to purchase munitions and have ships built, such as the <em>CSS Alabama</em>.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-large is-resized"><a href="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/4.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="833" height="1078" src="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/4-791x1024.jpg" alt="Article titled "The Cotton Famine." The Index. A Weekly Journal of Politics, Literature, and News. " class="wp-image-15787" style="width:454px;height:auto" srcset="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/4-791x1024.jpg 791w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/4-232x300.jpg 232w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/4-768x994.jpg 768w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/4.jpg 833w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 833px) 100vw, 833px" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">“The Cotton Famine.” <em>The Index. A Weekly Journal of Politics, Literature, and News.</em> [Devoted to the Exposition of the Mutual Interests of Great Britain and the Confederate States of America.], vol. 4, no. 128, 6 Oct. 1864, p. [625]. <em>The American Civil War: The International Context</em>, <a href="https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/GZIIFN083054153/TACW?u=webdemo&sid=bookmark-TACW&xid=c7cd75a5" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/GZIIFN083054153/TACW?u=webdemo&sid=bookmark-TACW&xid=c7cd75a5</a>.</figcaption></figure></div> <p>Cotton shortages were especially felt by Britain in the winter of 1862-3, which led to high unemployment rates in places like Lancashire, especially, as well as even famine. Hence why Confederate propaganda regularly pulled this card to try and garner British support, <a href="https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/GZIIFN083054153/TACW?u=webdemo&sid=bookmark-TACW&xid=c7cd75a5" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">such as in the article above.</a></p> <p>Cotton, though, was not the only industry affected, and some saw increased business such as shipbuilding. Material from The Archives Centre, National Museums Liverpool also provides personal papers of individuals such as George Busk Crow and his family, who detail how the war affected their shipping business which mostly dealt with timber. Moreover, papers and drawings from companies such as Fawcett Preston Engineering Co, Ltd. highlight the impact on the munitions and engineering industries.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-large is-resized"><a href="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/5-scaled.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="998" src="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/5-1024x998.jpg" alt="Fawcett Engineering Drawings. 1859-1884. " class="wp-image-15788" style="width:690px;height:auto" srcset="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/5-1024x998.jpg 1024w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/5-300x292.jpg 300w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/5-768x748.jpg 768w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/5-1536x1497.jpg 1536w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/5-2048x1996.jpg 2048w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Fawcett Engineering Drawings. 1859-1884. MS Liverpool and the American Civil War: Fawcett Preston – Engineering Company Based in Liverpool; Ironmongers; Made Guns for the Confederates, 1859-1884 B/FP/5/3/230. The Archives Centre, National Museums Liverpool. <em>The American Civil War: The International Context</em>, <a href="https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/JSXCVH120363073/TACW?u=webdemo&sid=bookmark-TACW&xid=3ba6b51e&pg=3" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/JSXCVH120363073/TACW?u=webdemo&sid=bookmark-TACW&xid=3ba6b51e&pg=3</a>.</figcaption></figure></div> <h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Perspectives Across Europe</strong></h4> <p>Nevertheless, Britain was not the only international location both involved and affected by the American Civil War. <a href="https://www.gale.com/intl/c/american-civil-war-the-international-context" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"><em>The American Civil War: The International Context</em></a> contains a wealth of material from source libraries across Europe, including from the Nationaal Archief, in the Netherlands, and the Rigsarkivet, in Denmark, offering documents in both Dutch and Danish.</p> <p>Like the British, the Dutch also attempted to maintain neutrality during the conflict, despite Confederate sympathies from the Dutch ambassador at the time, MR. T M Roest van Limburg. The archives of both the Dutch Legation in the United States and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs include a wealth of correspondence, often from Dutch consuls in America highlighting their experiences of the conflict.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-large"><a href="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/6-1.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="833" src="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/6-1-1024x833.jpg" alt="Correspondence from Incoming and minutes of outgoing letters regarding our enforcement neutrality during the Civil War in the United States. " class="wp-image-15789" srcset="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/6-1-1024x833.jpg 1024w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/6-1-300x244.jpg 300w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/6-1-768x625.jpg 768w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/6-1-1536x1250.jpg 1536w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/6-1.jpg 2016w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Ingekomen en minuten van uitgaande brieven over de handhaving van onze neutraliteit tijdens de burgeroorlog in de Verenigde Staten. 1861-1869 / Incoming and minutes of outgoing letters regarding our enforcement neutrality during the Civil War in the United States. 1861-1869. 1861-1869. MS Records from Het Archief van Het Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken, 1813-1894: 3.6.2.2. AANGELEGENHEDEN MET BETREKKING TOT KRIJGSMACHT, OORLOG, NEUTRALITEIT EN ARBITRAGE / AFFAIRS RELATING TO ARMED FORCE, WAR, NEUTRALITY AND ARBITRATION 3203. Nationaal Archief Nederland. <em>The American Civil War: The International Context</em>, <a href="https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/NMOVDO847743887/TACW?u=webdemo&sid=bookmark-TACW&xid=b1ec5889&pg=7" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/NMOVDO847743887/TACW?u=webdemo&sid=bookmark-TACW&xid=b1ec5889&pg=7</a>.</figcaption></figure></div> <p>Beyond this, the Dutch West Indies were targeted by Lincoln’s administration during the war, particularly Suriname, with the intentions of being a location for the colonisation of freed African Americans, discussions of which can be found amongst papers and correspondence from the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs.</p> <p>Still, the Netherlands were not alone in Lincoln’s plans, and the Danish West Indies were also identified for colonisation, specifically the island of St Croix, negotiations with which were some of the earliest pursued. Minutes of proceedings of the St Croix City Council throughout the 1860s feature heavily in the material digitised from the Danish Central Directorate for the Colonies, West Indies, and highlight the role that the Danish and Dutch were encouraged to play during the American Civil War.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"> <figure class="aligncenter size-large"><a href="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/7.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="789" src="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/7-1024x789.jpg" alt="St. Croix Citizens' Council, Registers of negotiations and correspondence (1863-1865). " class="wp-image-15790" srcset="https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/7-1024x789.jpg 1024w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/7-300x231.jpg 300w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/7-768x592.jpg 768w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/7-1536x1184.jpg 1536w, https://review.gale.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/7-2048x1579.jpg 2048w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">St. Croix Borgerråd, Forhandlings – og referatprotokoller (1814-1865) / St. Croix Citizens’ Council, Registers of negotiations and correspondence (1863-1865). 1863-1865. MS Collection 691, Koloniernes Centralbestyrelse, Regnskab, Vestindien Collection 691, 45.3.15. Rigsarkivet, Danmark. <em>The American Civil War: The International Context</em>, <a href="https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/NFUPFN213697322/TACW?u=webdemo&sid=bookmark-TACW&xid=ea0d5b61&pg=5" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/NFUPFN213697322/TACW?u=webdemo&sid=bookmark-TACW&xid=ea0d5b61&pg=5</a>.</figcaption></figure></div> <h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Illuminating International Perspectives</strong></h4> <p><a href="https://www.gale.com/intl/c/american-civil-war-the-international-context" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"><em>The American Civil War: The International Context</em></a> brings together European historical sources that illuminate the involvement of the continent in the history of the Civil War in America—their internal discussions, their reactions to approaches by Union or Confederate representatives, the challenges and advantages that the American conflict brought to their borders and shores, as well as its impact on their own internal politics and society.</p> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/> <p>If you enjoyed reading this blog post, check out these below:</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li><a href="https://review.gale.com/2024/08/13/china-and-australia-relations/">China and Australia: Trade, Migration, and Politics in the Nineteenth to Early Twentieth Centuries</a></li> <li><a href="https://review.gale.com/2017/10/12/the-dutch-raid-on-the-medway-1667/">The Dutch Raid on the Medway, 1667</a></li> <li><a href="https://review.gale.com/2018/05/23/soviets-and-the-spanish-civil-war/">Soviets and the Spanish Civil War</a></li> </ul> <p>Blog post cover image citation: a collage of images from <em>The American Civil War: International Context</em> digital archive.</p> </div> <link rel='stylesheet' id='kadence-blocks-image-css' href='https://review.gale.com/wp-content/plugins/kadence-blocks/dist/style-blocks-image.css?ver=3.4.8' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' 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.kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column14682_243e98-d7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column14682_243e98-d7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column14682_243e98-d7 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column14682_243e98-d7 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column14682_243e98-d7{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column14682_243e98-d7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column14682_243e98-d7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}}</style> <div class="wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column14682_243e98-d7 inner-column-2"><div class="kt-inside-inner-col"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading14682_a2d575-b2, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading14682_a2d575-b2[data-kb-block="kb-adv-heading14682_a2d575-b2"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading14682_a2d575-b2 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading14682_a2d575-b2[data-kb-block="kb-adv-heading14682_a2d575-b2"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading14682_a2d575-b2, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading14682_a2d575-b2[data-kb-block="kb-adv-heading14682_a2d575-b2"]{text-align:center!important;}}</style> <h2 class="kt-adv-heading14682_a2d575-b2 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading" data-kb-block="kb-adv-heading14682_a2d575-b2">About the Author</h2> <style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading14682_d6ee53-a3, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading14682_d6ee53-a3[data-kb-block="kb-adv-heading14682_d6ee53-a3"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading14682_d6ee53-a3 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading14682_d6ee53-a3[data-kb-block="kb-adv-heading14682_d6ee53-a3"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}</style> <p class="kt-adv-heading14682_d6ee53-a3 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading" data-kb-block="kb-adv-heading14682_d6ee53-a3">Emma joined Gale in 2022 as an Associate Editor, coming from a background in history education. She has a particular passion for the supernatural and magical, whether in medieval history or a good fantasy book. In her spare time, she also enjoys reading, listening to country music, and writing her novel.</p> </div></div> </div></div></div></div> </div></div> </div></div> <footer class="entry-meta" aria-label="Entry meta"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://review.gale.com/category/news-and-teams/editorial/" rel="category tag">Gale Publishers</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/category/topic-categories/society-and-politics/" rel="category tag">Society and Politics</a></span> <span class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/america/" rel="tag">America</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/american-studies/" rel="tag">American Studies</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/british-studies/" rel="tag">British Studies</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/civil-war/" rel="tag">Civil War</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/denmark/" rel="tag">Denmark</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/diplomacy/" rel="tag">diplomacy</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/emma-harris/" rel="tag">Emma Harris</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/europe/" rel="tag">Europe</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/manuscripts/" rel="tag">manuscripts</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/netherlands/" rel="tag">Netherlands</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/newspapers/" rel="tag">newspapers</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/nineteenth-century-history/" rel="tag">nineteenth-century history</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/publishing-team/" rel="tag">Publishing team</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/slavery/" rel="tag">slavery</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/the-american-civil-war-the-international-context/" rel="tag">The American Civil War: The International Context</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/united-kingdom/" rel="tag">United Kingdom</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/united-states/" rel="tag">United States</a>, <a href="https://review.gale.com/tag/war/" rel="tag">War</a></span> <nav id="nav-below" class="post-navigation" aria-label="Posts"> <div class="nav-previous"><span class="prev"><a href="https://review.gale.com/2025/01/28/hacking-history-with-the-lab/" rel="prev">Hacking History with <i>Gale Digital Scholar Lab</i></a></span></div><div class="nav-next"><span class="next"><a href="https://review.gale.com/2025/02/11/advancing-discoverability/" rel="next">Unlocking the Past: Advancing Discoverability of Gale Primary Sources</a></span></div> </nav> </footer> </div> </article> </main> </div> <div class="widget-area sidebar is-right-sidebar grid-25 tablet-grid-25 grid-parent" id="right-sidebar"> <div class="inside-right-sidebar"> <aside id="email-subscribers-form-8" class="widget inner-padding widget_email-subscribers-form"><h2 class="widget-title"> Subscribe: </h2><div class="emaillist" id="es_form_f1-n1"><form action="/2025/02/04/the-american-civil-war-the-international-perspective/#es_form_f1-n1" method="post" class="es_subscription_form es_shortcode_form es_ajax_subscription_form" id="es_subscription_form_67ba78db647b8" data-source="ig-es" data-form-id="1"><div class="es_caption">Never miss a post! 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