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searchaux" style="display:none">Hanging part of a headdress or garment</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the moths with this common name, see <a href="/wiki/Gastropacha_quercifolia" title="Gastropacha quercifolia"><i>Gastropacha quercifolia</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/Small_lappet_moth" title="Small lappet moth">Small lappet moth</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_history_of_hand-made_lace_-_dealing_with_the_origin_of_lace,_the_growth_of_the_great_lace_centres,_the_mode_of_manufacture,_the_methods_of_distinguishing_and_the_care_of_various_kinds_of_lace_(1900)_(14749268556).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/A_history_of_hand-made_lace_-_dealing_with_the_origin_of_lace%2C_the_growth_of_the_great_lace_centres%2C_the_mode_of_manufacture%2C_the_methods_of_distinguishing_and_the_care_of_various_kinds_of_lace_%281900%29_%2814749268556%29.jpg/170px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/A_history_of_hand-made_lace_-_dealing_with_the_origin_of_lace%2C_the_growth_of_the_great_lace_centres%2C_the_mode_of_manufacture%2C_the_methods_of_distinguishing_and_the_care_of_various_kinds_of_lace_%281900%29_%2814749268556%29.jpg/255px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/A_history_of_hand-made_lace_-_dealing_with_the_origin_of_lace%2C_the_growth_of_the_great_lace_centres%2C_the_mode_of_manufacture%2C_the_methods_of_distinguishing_and_the_care_of_various_kinds_of_lace_%281900%29_%2814749268556%29.jpg/340px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1932" data-file-height="2852" /></a><figcaption>Two eighteenth-century lace lappets</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>lappet</b> is a decorative flap, fold or hanging part of a <a href="/wiki/Headdress" class="mw-redirect" title="Headdress">headdress</a> or garment. Worn in a pair, or as a singular long strip giving a symmetrical drape, lappets were a popular form of women's headwear until the early twentieth century, and are still a feature of religious garments. Examples of lappets are to be found on the <a href="/wiki/Papal_tiara" title="Papal tiara">papal tiara</a> and on the <a href="/wiki/Nemes" title="Nemes">nemes</a> headdress of the kings of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">ancient Egypt</a>. The same term is also used for similar-looking anatomical features on some animals. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="On_women's_headdresses"><span id="On_women.27s_headdresses"></span><span class="anchor" id="cornet"></span> On women's headdresses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lappet&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: On women's headdresses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lappets were attached to some types of women's headdresses, notably the medieval <a href="/wiki/Hennin" title="Hennin">hennin</a>. They were also called <b>cornet</b>, although <i>cornet</i> sometimes referred to the hennin itself.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Towards the end of the 17th century, a cap called the <a href="/wiki/Fontange" title="Fontange">fontange</a>, worn in the home, was popularised. Made of linen and given height by an internal wire frame called a <i>commode</i>, the fontange featured much decoration, formed of linen and lace, including the key feature being lappets.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fontange, with its lappets, was popularised in the French Court around the 1690s.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Into the 18th and 19th centuries, the fashion for lappets worn in the west as a women's fashionable decorative accessory (for indoor wear) expanded.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Through this period, lappets were bright white or black in colour, and made of either simple or highly decorative hand or machine-made <a href="/wiki/Lace" title="Lace">lace</a>, or plain lightweight fabrics, including <a href="/wiki/Silk" title="Silk">silk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 18th and 19th centuries, as in the centuries before, lappets would be worn draped to the back of the hair or sides of the face.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While some formed part of a headdress, other lappets could be pinned to the top of the hair in a pleated fashion, or simply draped as described above.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lace popularly used to make lappets had international origins, being created in countries including France, Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Spain, Britain, Italy, and America, for example.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lappets.tif" class="mw-file-description" title="Sketch showing lace lappets hanging from a woman's headdress"><img alt="Sketch showing lace lappets hanging from a woman's headdress" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Lappets.tif/lossy-page1-146px-Lappets.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="146" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Lappets.tif/lossy-page1-219px-Lappets.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Lappets.tif/lossy-page1-292px-Lappets.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1745" data-file-height="2388" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sketch showing lace lappets hanging from a woman's headdress</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Framptons.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nineteenth-century British couple. The lady is wearing lappets hanging down on each side of her neck."><img alt="Nineteenth-century British couple. The lady is wearing lappets hanging down on each side of her neck." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Framptons.jpg/132px-Framptons.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Framptons.jpg/198px-Framptons.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Framptons.jpg/263px-Framptons.jpg 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="516" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nineteenth-century <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">British</a> couple. The lady is wearing lappets hanging down on each side of her neck.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="On_episcopal_mitres">On episcopal mitres</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lappet&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: On episcopal mitres"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitre_(plain).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Mitre_%28plain%29.svg/100px-Mitre_%28plain%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Mitre_%28plain%29.svg/150px-Mitre_%28plain%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Mitre_%28plain%29.svg/200px-Mitre_%28plain%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="84" /></a><figcaption>A bishop's <a href="/wiki/Mitre" title="Mitre">mitre</a> with gold lappets</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Mitre" title="Mitre">mitres</a> worn by <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">bishops</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abbot" title="Abbot">abbots</a> of Western liturgical denominations, such as the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>, have lappets attached to them. Mitre lappets are often lined with red silk. </p><p>The lappets are probably a vestige of the ancient Greek headband called a <i>mitra</i> (μίτρα), from which the mitre itself descends. The <i>mitra</i> was a band of cloth tied around the head, the ends of the remaining fabric of which would fall down the back of the neck. </p><p>The Latin name for the lappets is <i>infulae</i>, which were originally headbands worn by dignitaries, priests, and others among the ancient Romans.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were generally white. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church" title="Armenian Apostolic Church">Armenian Apostolic Church</a>, the lappets are not attached directly to the mitre but are attached to the back of the <a href="/wiki/Cope" title="Cope">cope</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="On_the_papal_tiara">On the papal tiara</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lappet&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: On the papal tiara"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Lappet" title="Special:EditPage/Lappet">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Lappet%22">"Lappet"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Lappet%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Lappet%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Lappet%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Lappet%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Lappet%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bouchet_Exposition_les_vins_des_papes_d%27Avignon_Tiare_de_Jean_XXII.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Bouchet_Exposition_les_vins_des_papes_d%27Avignon_Tiare_de_Jean_XXII.jpg/170px-Bouchet_Exposition_les_vins_des_papes_d%27Avignon_Tiare_de_Jean_XXII.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Bouchet_Exposition_les_vins_des_papes_d%27Avignon_Tiare_de_Jean_XXII.jpg/255px-Bouchet_Exposition_les_vins_des_papes_d%27Avignon_Tiare_de_Jean_XXII.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Bouchet_Exposition_les_vins_des_papes_d%27Avignon_Tiare_de_Jean_XXII.jpg/340px-Bouchet_Exposition_les_vins_des_papes_d%27Avignon_Tiare_de_Jean_XXII.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2669" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Papal_tiara" title="Papal tiara">Papal tiara</a> of <a href="/wiki/John_XXII" class="mw-redirect" title="John XXII">John XXII</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Since early <a href="/wiki/Medi%C3%A6val" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediæval">mediæval</a> times each papal tiara has included two lappets. Their origins remain a mystery, though they are obviously an imitation of the lappets on the bishop's mitre. It has been speculated that lappets first were added to papal tiaras as a form of sweatband, with inner cloth being used to prevent popes from sweating too heavily during papal ceremonial in hot <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Roman</a> summers. </p><p>The two lappets (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">caudæ</i>, literally "tails") at the back of the tiara are first seen in the pictures and sculpture in the thirteenth century, but were undoubtedly customary before this. They were black in color, as is evident both from the monumental remains and from the inventories, and this color was retained even into the fifteenth century. </p><p>Papal lappets on tiaras came to be highly decorated, with intricate stitching in gold thread. Often a pope who either commissioned a tiara, received it as a gift, or who had it remodelled for their usage, had their <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a> stitched on to the lappets. Many later papal lappets were made of <a href="/wiki/Embroidered" class="mw-redirect" title="Embroidered">embroidered</a> silk and used <a href="/wiki/Lace" title="Lace">lace</a>. </p><p>The last tiara to be used for a coronation, created for <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a> in 1963, also contained lappets. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="On_animals">On animals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lappet&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: On animals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word is also sometimes used to refer to <a href="/wiki/Wattle_(anatomy)" title="Wattle (anatomy)">wattles</a>, flap-like structures that occur on the faces of some animals. For instance, the <a href="/wiki/Lappet-faced_vulture" title="Lappet-faced vulture">lappet-faced vulture</a> has lappets of bare flesh on the sides of its head. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lappet&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pz2ORay2HWoC&pg=PA365"><i>The Chambers Dictionary</i></a>. Allied Publishers. 1998. p. 365. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-86062-25-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-86062-25-8"><bdi>978-81-86062-25-8</bdi></a>. <q>cornet, an old form of lady's headdress, with side lappets; a lappet of this</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chambers+Dictionary&rft.pages=365&rft.pub=Allied+Publishers&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-81-86062-25-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dpz2ORay2HWoC%26pg%3DPA365&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALappet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCummingCunningtonCunnington2017" class="citation book cs1">Cumming, Valerie; Cunnington, C. W.; Cunnington, P. E. (2017). <i>The Dictionary of Fashion History</i> (2nd ed.). London: Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 112–162.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dictionary+of+Fashion+History&rft.place=London&rft.pages=112-162&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Academic&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Cumming&rft.aufirst=Valerie&rft.au=Cunnington%2C+C.+W.&rft.au=Cunnington%2C+P.+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALappet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorris1922" class="citation journal cs1">Morris, Frances (1922). "An Exhibition of Lappets and Cap Crowns". <i>The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin</i>. <b>17</b> (1): 6–8. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3254827">10.2307/3254827</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3254827">3254827</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art+Bulletin&rft.atitle=An+Exhibition+of+Lappets+and+Cap+Crowns&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=6-8&rft.date=1922&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3254827&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3254827%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Frances&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALappet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O13552/lappet-unknown/"><i>Lappet</i></a>, 1720s<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-30</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lappet&rft.date=1720&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcollections.vam.ac.uk%2Fitem%2FO13552%2Flappet-unknown%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALappet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search">"Search the Collection"</a>. <i>The Metropolitan Museum of Art</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-07-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.atitle=Search+the+Collection&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Fart%2Fcollection%2Fsearch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALappet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Latin <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/infula" class="extiw" title="wikt:infula">infula</a></i> means "a band, bandage", cognate with Sanskrit <i>bhāla</i> "brow" and Greek φάλος, φάλαρα, a Homeric term for a part of the helmet. It came to refer to the white and red fillet or band of woollen stuff worn upon the forehead by priests as a sign of religious consecration. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3Dinfula">infŭla</a> in Lewis and Short, <i>A Latin Dictionary</i> (1879).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Types_of_crown" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#F0DC82;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Types_of_crowns" title="Template:Types of crowns"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Types_of_crowns" title="Template talk:Types of crowns"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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class="mw-file-description" title="Heraldic crown of the Commonwealth"><img alt="Heraldic crown of the Commonwealth" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/1901_pattern_Tudor_Crown_%282D%29.svg/60px-1901_pattern_Tudor_Crown_%282D%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/1901_pattern_Tudor_Crown_%282D%29.svg/90px-1901_pattern_Tudor_Crown_%282D%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/1901_pattern_Tudor_Crown_%282D%29.svg/120px-1901_pattern_Tudor_Crown_%282D%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="248" data-file-height="238" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F0DC82;;width:1%">By use</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_crown" title="Coronation crown">Coronation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_(heraldry)" title="Crown (heraldry)">Heraldic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_crown" title="State crown">State</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F0DC82;;width:1%">By form</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astral_crown" title="Astral crown">Astral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celestial_crown" title="Celestial crown">Celestial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circlet" title="Circlet">Circlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corolla_(headgear)" title="Corolla (headgear)">Corolla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronet" title="Coronet">Coronet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diadem" title="Diadem">Diadem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_crown" title="Eastern crown">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_hat" title="Golden hat">Golden hat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoop_crown" title="Hoop crown">Hoop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mural_crown" title="Mural crown">Mural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiate_crown" title="Radiate crown">Radiate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiara" title="Tiara">Tiara</a><br /></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Roman</a> <a href="/wiki/Military_awards_and_decorations" title="Military awards and decorations">military decorations</a>:</i> <a href="/wiki/Camp_crown" title="Camp crown">Camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Crown" title="Civic Crown">Civic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grass_Crown" title="Grass Crown">Grass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_crown" title="Naval crown">Naval</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F0DC82;;width:1%">Parts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Half-arch_(crown)" title="Half-arch (crown)">Half-arch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoop_crown" title="Hoop crown">Hoop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monde" title="Monde">Monde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cap_(crown)" title="Cap (crown)">Cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_(crown)" title="Cross (crown)">Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_patt%C3%A9e#Use_in_crowns" title="Cross pattée">Cross pattée</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lappet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F0DC82;;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Wreath_(attire)" title="Wreath (attire)">Wreath</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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