Psychiatry.org - Expert Q&A: Autism Spectrum Disorder

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aria-label="breadcrumbs"> <ul> <li><h2>You are here:</h2></li> <li> <a href="/patients-families">Patients and Families</a> </li> <li><span class="moon-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></li> <li> <a href="/patients-families/autism">Autism Spectrum Disorder</a> </li> <li><span class="moon-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></li> <li class="c-page--current">Expert Q&A: Autism Spectrum Disorder</li> </ul> </nav> <ul class="c-toolbar"> <li class="c-share" role="presentation"> <button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="ulSocialShare" type="button"> <span class="c-btn__text">Share</span> <span class="moon-share" aria-hidden="true"></span> </button> <ul id="ulSocialShare"> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/autism/expert-q-and-a" title="Share page on Facebook" aria-label="Facebook Share" target="_blank"> <span class="moon-facebook" role="img" aria-hidden="true"></span> </a> </li> <li> <a 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<span class="moon-print" aria-hidden="true" onclick="window.print();"></span> </button> </li> </ul> </div> </section> <main id="main" class="o-wrapper"> <div class="o-container"> <div class="row u-mb--0"> <aside class="o-sidebar col xs12 l3"> <nav class="c-sidebar-nav" aria-label="Autism Spectrum Disorder Page Listing"> <button class="c-sidebar-nav--btn" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="c-sidebar-accordion">Sub Navigation <span class="moon-chevron-down" aria-hidden="true"></span></button> <ul id="c-sidebar-accordion" class="c-sidebar-accordion"> <li class="active"> <h2><a href="/patients-families/autism">Autism Spectrum Disorder</a></h2> <button aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="sidebar-links-list-1"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle Autism Spectrum Disorder Page Listing</span> <span class="moon-chevron-down" aria-hidden="true"></span> </button> <ul id="sidebar-links-list-1"> <li class=""> <a href="/patients-families/autism/what-is-autism-spectrum-disorder">What Is Autism Spectrum Disorder? </a> </li> <li class="current"> <a aria-current="page" href="/patients-families/autism/expert-q-and-a">Expert Q&A: Autism Spectrum Disorder <span class="moon-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> </aside> <article class="c-article--main col xs12 l9 u-mb--0"> <header class="c-article__header--main c-article__body--h2 c-wysiwyg"> <p>Psychiatrist Daniel Moreno De Luca, M.D., MSc, answers some frequently asked questions about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and discusses treatment options for both children and adults with Autism.</p> <div class="row u-flex"> <div class="col m6 centered--m"> <figure class="figure鈥攙ideo h-flush"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/fxrDK-QbdLk?si=dQDW20jmKr9PuyMA" title="Expert Q&A on Autism" width="560"></iframe></figure> </div> </div> </header> <div id="divFAQ" class="c-article__body--h2 c-article__body--h2--blue"> <section class="u-mb--spacer"> <div class="c-ada-accordion"> <h2 class="c-ada-accordion--header"> <button id="5282" aria-controls="panel-5282" aria-expanded="true"> <span class="icon moon-chevron-down" aria-hidden="true"></span> How early can autism be identified? What should parents do if they are concerned their young child may have autism? </button> </h2> <div id="panel-5282" class="c-ada-accordion--panel" style="display: block;"><p>Some of the signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be noticed before the age of 1, although a reliable diagnosis by an autism specialist can be made in children as young as 18 months of age. Unfortunately many children end up waiting until after their fourth birthday to be diagnosed with ASD. Delays in seeking an initial assessment and limited access to specialists are just a couple of factors that help to explain this delay. Children who have less severe ASD, or are from minority backgrounds, tend to be diagnosed later than those with severe symptoms. Researchers are developing ways of being able to diagnose autism at even younger ages, such as using eye tracking technologies. The diagnosis of autism is typically based on a clinical examination, which is often supported with other information and tests. There is no single scan or blood test that can independently diagnose autism.</p> <p>Parents is to trust their gut instinct when they are worried about their child and to seek the advice of their primary care pediatrician. This general assessment may then lead to a referral to a specialist who will perform a more comprehensive evaluation. Parents should also feel empowered to ask for a specialist opinion if they do not feel adequately reassured by a primary care evaluation.</p> </div> </div> <div class="c-ada-accordion"> <h2 class="c-ada-accordion--header"> <button id="5283" aria-controls="panel-5283" aria-expanded="true"> <span class="icon moon-chevron-down" aria-hidden="true"></span> Can children "grow out" of autism? </button> </h2> <div id="panel-5283" class="c-ada-accordion--panel" style="display: block;"><p>A small minority of children show considerable improvement in their ASD symptoms following diagnosis. While ASD has historically been considered a life-long condition, recent research has shown that the outcomes associated with an ASD diagnosis can vary considerably. Some people who were diagnosed with ASD in their youth may have significanly reduced symptoms as they age, and show little difference to people who have never had the diagnosis.</p> <p>Whether these individuals “grew out” of autism, or simply responded exceptionally well to the therapeutic interventions, remains up for debate. One should also question if the initial diagnosis of ASD was accurate in these cases. At the moment it is difficult to identify which children will “grow out” of autism, although those who have less severe symptoms and those who obtain early access to the appropriate therapies appear to have better outcomes.</p> </div> </div> <div class="c-ada-accordion"> <h2 class="c-ada-accordion--header"> <button id="5284" aria-controls="panel-5284" aria-expanded="true"> <span class="icon moon-chevron-down" aria-hidden="true"></span> There is so much information about therapies, treatments and diets for children with autism - how do I know what's right for my child? </button> </h2> <div id="panel-5284" class="c-ada-accordion--panel" style="display: block;"><p>Parents naturally want the best for their child, and many will try different treatments, diets and therapies to help their loved one. It is difficult to cover all of the numerous therapies but here are the key points:</p> <ol> <li>Medical and psychiatric conditions that co-exist with ASD should be identified and treated by a suitably trained physician. These can include immune problems, digestive problems and ADHD.</li> <li>Natural therapies or treatments are often advertised as being safe and effective. Unfortunately most of these treatments do not have high quality scientific evidence that supports either claim. Some parents have described improvements in their child by using specialized diets. The most important point here is to make sure the child receives enough calories and nutrients regardless of the dietary change.</li> <li>Parents should be very cautious of treatments that are advertised as being able to “cure” autism; these claims are often of a dubious nature.</li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="c-ada-accordion"> <h2 class="c-ada-accordion--header"> <button id="5285" aria-controls="panel-5285" aria-expanded="true"> <span class="icon moon-chevron-down" aria-hidden="true"></span> Are there therapies or treatments to help adults with autism? </button> </h2> <div id="panel-5285" class="c-ada-accordion--panel" style="display: block;"><p>There has been limited research into specific therapies for adults with ASD, and most treatment recommendations are based on research performed on children and teenagers. In my experience, many adults with autism also demonstrate symptoms of depression, anxiety or ADHD. Sometimes they will benefit from treatment with either psychotherapy, a medication or a combination of both.</p> <p>While every adult with ASD also has their own individual challenges and needs, many of them encounter a common set of broader challenges. These include finding employment, housing, making friends and establishing close relationships.</p></div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="o-wrapper o-wrapper--widget "> <div class="row u-mb--0"> <div class="col c-col--main xs12 u-mb--0"> <div class="c-card c-author-pod"> <p class="c-author__label">Content Author</p> <div class="c-author__img-content"> <div class="c-author__content"> <h3 class="h4 u-mb--1">Daniel Moreno De Luca, M.D., MSc. </h3> <p>.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </main> <script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript"> $('#select__category').change(function () { var nodeAlias = $(this).data('nodealias'); var endpointUrl = $(this).data('url'); var id = $(this).children(":selected").attr("value"); var searchText = $("#input__search").val().length > 2 ? $("#input__search").val() : ""; RefreshFaqs(endpointUrl, searchText, id, 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href="/patients-families/bipolar-disorders/what-are-bipolar-disorders">What Are Bipolar Disorders?</a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/bipolar-disorders/expert-q-and-a" class="last-focusable-element">Expert Q&A: Bipolar Disorder</a></li> </ul> <ul id="6142-menu" class="ada-menu"> <li> <button class="back-button" data-parentid="913-menu"> <span class="moon-chevron-left--light" aria-hidden="true"></span> Back </button> </li> <li><a href="/patients-families/climate-change-and-mental-health-connections" ><strong>Climate Change and Mental Health Connections</strong></a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/climate-change-and-mental-health-connections/affects-on-mental-health">How Extreme Weather Events Affect Mental Health</a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/climate-change-and-mental-health-connections/who-is-affected-by-climate-change" class="last-focusable-element">Who Is Affected by Climate Change?</a></li> </ul> <ul id="2604-menu" class="ada-menu"> <li> <button class="back-button" data-parentid="913-menu"> <span class="moon-chevron-left--light" aria-hidden="true"></span> Back </button> </li> <li><a href="/patients-families/depression" ><strong>Depression</strong></a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/depression/what-is-depression">What Is Depression?</a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/depression/expert-q-and-a" class="last-focusable-element">Expert Q&A: Depression</a></li> </ul> <ul id="4877-menu" class="ada-menu"> <li> <button class="back-button" data-parentid="913-menu"> <span class="moon-chevron-left--light" aria-hidden="true"></span> Back </button> </li> <li><a href="/patients-families/disruptive-impulse-control-and-conduct-disorders" ><strong>Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders</strong></a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/disruptive-impulse-control-and-conduct-disorders/what-are-disruptive-impulse-control-and-conduct">What are Disruptive, Impulse Control and Conduct Disorders?</a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/disruptive-impulse-control-and-conduct-disorders/expert-q-and-a" class="last-focusable-element">Expert Q&A: Disruptive, Impulse Control and Conduct Disorders</a></li> </ul> <ul id="5293-menu" class="ada-menu"> <li> <button class="back-button" data-parentid="913-menu"> <span class="moon-chevron-left--light" aria-hidden="true"></span> Back </button> </li> <li><a href="/patients-families/dissociative-disorders" ><strong>Dissociative Disorders</strong></a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/dissociative-disorders/what-are-dissociative-disorders">What Are Dissociative Disorders?</a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/dissociative-disorders/expert-q-and-a" class="last-focusable-element">Expert Q&A: Dissociative Disorders</a></li> </ul> <ul id="5342-menu" class="ada-menu"> <li> <button class="back-button" data-parentid="913-menu"> <span class="moon-chevron-left--light" aria-hidden="true"></span> Back </button> </li> <li><a href="/patients-families/eating-disorders" ><strong>Eating Disorders</strong></a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/eating-disorders/what-are-eating-disorders">What are Eating Disorders?</a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/eating-disorders/expert-q-and-a" class="last-focusable-element">Expert Q&A: Eating Disorders</a></li> </ul> <ul id="4942-menu" class="ada-menu"> <li> <button class="back-button" data-parentid="913-menu"> <span class="moon-chevron-left--light" aria-hidden="true"></span> Back </button> </li> <li><a href="/patients-families/gambling-disorder" ><strong>Gambling Disorder</strong></a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/gambling-disorder/what-is-gambling-disorder">What is Gambling Disorder?</a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/gambling-disorder/expert-q-and-a" class="last-focusable-element">Expert Q&A: Gambling Disorder</a></li> </ul> <ul id="5090-menu" class="ada-menu"> <li> <button class="back-button" data-parentid="913-menu"> <span class="moon-chevron-left--light" aria-hidden="true"></span> Back </button> </li> <li><a href="/patients-families/gender-dysphoria" ><strong>Gender Dysphoria</strong></a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/gender-dysphoria/what-is-gender-dysphoria">What is Gender Dysphoria?</a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/gender-dysphoria/expert-q-and-a" class="last-focusable-element">Expert Q&A: Gender Dysphoria</a></li> </ul> <ul id="5103-menu" class="ada-menu"> <li> <button class="back-button" data-parentid="913-menu"> <span class="moon-chevron-left--light" aria-hidden="true"></span> Back </button> </li> <li><a href="/patients-families/hoarding-disorder" ><strong>Hoarding Disorder</strong></a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/hoarding-disorder/what-is-hoarding-disorder">What is Hoarding Disorder?</a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/hoarding-disorder/expert-q-and-a" class="last-focusable-element">Expert Q&A: Hoarding Disorder</a></li> </ul> <ul id="5215-menu" class="ada-menu"> <li> <button class="back-button" data-parentid="913-menu"> <span class="moon-chevron-left--light" aria-hidden="true"></span> Back </button> </li> <li><a href="/patients-families/intellectual-disability" ><strong>Intellectual Disability</strong></a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/intellectual-disability/what-is-intellectual-disability">What is Intellectual Disability?</a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/intellectual-disability/expert-q-and-a" class="last-focusable-element">Expert Q&A: Intellectual Disability</a></li> </ul> <ul id="4893-menu" class="ada-menu"> <li> <button class="back-button" data-parentid="913-menu"> <span class="moon-chevron-left--light" aria-hidden="true"></span> Back </button> </li> <li><a href="/patients-families/obsessive-compulsive-disorder" ><strong>Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders</strong></a></li> <li><a href="/patients-families/obsessive-compulsive-disorder/what-is-obsessive-compulsive-disorder">What Is are Obsessive-Compulsive and Related 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