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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เครื่องมือส่วนตัว</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="เมนูผู้ใช้" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=th.wiktionary.org&uselang=th"><span>บริจาค</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ"><span 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id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="รายการการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ส่วนร่วม</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ห้องสนทนาสำหรับ IP นี้</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ไซต์"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="สารบัญ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">สารบัญ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">บทนำ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ภาษาจีน" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ภาษาจีน"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ภาษาจีน</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-ภาษาจีน-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle ภาษาจีน subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-ภาษาจีน-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-การออกเสียง" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#การออกเสียง"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>การออกเสียง</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-การออกเสียง-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-คำกริยา" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#คำกริยา"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>คำกริยา</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-คำกริยา-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-คำกริยาวิเศษณ์" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#คำกริยาวิเศษณ์"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>คำกริยาวิเศษณ์</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-คำกริยาวิเศษณ์-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-คำนาม" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#คำนาม"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>คำนาม</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-คำนาม-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ดูเพิ่ม" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ดูเพิ่ม"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>ดูเพิ่ม</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ดูเพิ่ม-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="สารบัญ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="Hani">努力</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ไปที่บทความในภาษาอื่น ซึ่งมีใน 15 ภาษา" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 ภาษา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="努力 – อังกฤษ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="努力" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="อังกฤษ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="努力 – ฝรั่งเศส" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="努力" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ฝรั่งเศส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="努力 – ฮังการี" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="努力" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ฮังการี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="努力 – ญี่ปุ่น" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="努力" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ญี่ปุ่น" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="努力 – เกาหลี" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="努力" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="เกาหลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="努力 – เคิร์ด" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="努力" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="เคิร์ด" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="努力 – ลาว" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="努力" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="ลาว" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="努力 – มาลากาซี" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="努力" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="มาลากาซี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="努力 – รัสเซีย" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="努力" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="รัสเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="努力 – สวีเดน" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="努力" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="สวีเดน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="努力 – ทมิฬ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="努力" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ทมิฬ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="努力 – ตากาล็อก" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="努力" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="ตากาล็อก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="努力 – ยูเครน" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="努力" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ยูเครน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="努力 – จีน" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="努力" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="จีน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="努力 – จีนมินหนาน" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="努力" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="จีนมินหนาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="เนมสเปซ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="ดูหน้าเนื้อหา [c]" accesskey="c"><span>หน้า</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2:%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับหน้าเนื้อหา (ไม่มีหน้านี้) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>อภิปราย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เปลี่ยนรูปแบบภาษา" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ไทย</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="ดู"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B"><span>อ่าน</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B&action=edit" title="แก้ไขหน้านี้ [e]" accesskey="e"><span>แก้ไข</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B&action=history" title="แก้ไขเก่าของหน้านี้ [h]" accesskey="h"><span>ดูประวัติ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="หน้าเครื่องมือ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เครื่องมือ" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เครื่องมือ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">เครื่องมือ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> การกระทำ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B"><span>อ่าน</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B&action=edit" title="แก้ไขหน้านี้ [e]" accesskey="e"><span>แก้ไข</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B&action=history"><span>ดูประวัติ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ทั่วไป </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" title="รายการหน้าวิกิทุกหน้าที่ลิงก์มาที่นี่ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>หน้าที่ลิงก์มา</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B" rel="nofollow" title="รายการเปลี่ยนแปลงล่าสุดในหน้าที่ลิงก์จากหน้านี้ [k]" accesskey="k"><span>การเปลี่ยนแปลงที่เกี่ยวโยง</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=th" title="อัปโหลดไฟล์ [u]" accesskey="u"><span>อัปโหลดไฟล์</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9" title="รายการหน้าพิเศษทั้งหมด [q]" accesskey="q"><span>หน้าพิเศษ</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B&oldid=2169958" title="ลิงก์ถาวรมารุ่นนี้ของหน้านี้"><span>ลิงก์ถาวร</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B&action=info" title="ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับหน้านี้"><span>สารสนเทศหน้า</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87&page=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B&id=2169958&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="สารสนเทศเกี่ยวกับวิธีการอ้างอิงหน้านี้"><span>อ้างอิงหน้านี้</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fth.wiktionary.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%258A%25AA%25E5%258A%259B"><span>รับยูอาร์แอลแบบสั้น</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fth.wiktionary.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%258A%25AA%25E5%258A%259B"><span>ดาวน์โหลดคิวอาร์โค้ด</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> พิมพ์/ส่งออก </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B"><span>สร้างหนังสือ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B&action=show-download-screen"><span>ดาวน์โหลดเป็น PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B&printable=yes" title="รุ่นที่พร้อมพิมพ์ของหน้านี้ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>รุ่นพร้อมพิมพ์</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ในโครงการอื่น </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="หน้าเครื่องมือ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">หน้าตา</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">จาก วิกิพจนานุกรม พจนานุกรมเสรี</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="th" dir="ltr"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ภาษาจีน"><span id=".E0.B8.A0.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A9.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.88.E0.B8.B5.E0.B8.99"></span>ภาษาจีน</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&section=1" title="แก้ไขส่วน: ภาษาจีน"><span>แก้ไข</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="floatright" style="clear: right;margin: 1em 0 1em 1em;border-collapse: collapse;text-align: center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2"> </th> <th style="padding: 0.5em;border: 1px solid #aaa;color:#000;background:#F5F5DC;font-weight: normal;font-size: 85%; width:80px" colspan="1">to exert; to strive </th> <th style="padding: 0.5em;border: 1px solid #aaa;color:#000;background:#F5F5DC;font-weight: normal;font-size: 85%; width:80px" colspan="1">power; force; strength </th></tr> <tr> <th style="padding: 0.5em;border: 1px solid #aaa;color:#000;background: #E0FFFF;font-weight: normal;font-size: smaller;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%A1" title="อักษรจีนตัวเต็ม">ตัวเต็ม</a> <span style="font-size:140%">(<span lang="zh-Hant" class="Hant"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#ภาษาจีน">努力</a></span>)</span> </th> <td style="padding: 0.5em; background-color:white;color:#000;border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa; font-size:x-large" lang="zh-Hant" class="Hant"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%AA#ภาษาจีน" title="努">努</a> </td> <td style="padding: 0.5em; background-color:white;color:#000;border-right: 1px solid #aaa;border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa; font-size:x-large" lang="zh-Hant" class="Hant"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9B#ภาษาจีน" title="力">力</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="padding: 0.5em;border: 1px solid #aaa;color:#000;background: #E0FFFF;font-weight: normal;font-size: smaller;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD" title="อักษรจีนตัวย่อ">ตัวย่อ</a> <sup><span class="explain" title="Using the same code points as the traditional form due to Han unification. Without proper font support, it may be displayed as the same as the traditional form.">#</span></sup><span style="font-size:140%">(<span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#ภาษาจีน">努力</a></span>)</span> </th> <td style="padding: 0.5em; background-color:white;color:#000;border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa; font-size:x-large" lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%AA#ภาษาจีน" title="努">努</a> </td> <td style="padding: 0.5em; background-color:white;color:#000;border-right: 1px solid #aaa;border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa; font-size:x-large" lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9B#ภาษาจีน" title="力">力</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="การออกเสียง"><span id=".E0.B8.81.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.81.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.AA.E0.B8.B5.E0.B8.A2.E0.B8.87"></span>การออกเสียง</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&section=2" title="แก้ไขส่วน: การออกเสียง"><span>แก้ไข</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="toccolours zhpron" style="overflow:auto; max-width:500px; font-size:100%"><div class="vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="pronunciations"> <ul><li><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษาจีนกลาง">จีนกลาง</a> <dl><dd><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="w:พินอิน">พินอิน</a></i>)</small>: <span class="form-of pinyin-t-form-of transliteration-努力" lang="cmn" style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;"><a href="/wiki/n%C7%94l%C3%AC" title="nǔlì">nǔlì</a></span></dd> <dd><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="w:จู้อิน">จู้อิน</a></i>)</small>: <span lang="cmn-Bopo" class="Bopo">ㄋㄨˇ ㄌㄧˋ</span> <dl><dd><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="zh-nǔlì.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Zh-n%C7%94l%C3%AC.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/Zh-n%C7%94l%C3%AC.ogg/Zh-n%C7%94l%C3%AC.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษากวางตุ้ง">กวางตุ้ง</a> <small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyutping" class="extiw" title="w:Jyutping">Jyutping</a></i>)</small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">nou<sup>5</sup> lik<sup>6</sup></span> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-努力.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B.wav/LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B.wav/LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษากั้น">กั้น</a> <small>(<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:About_Chinese/Gan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:About Chinese/Gan (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Wiktionary</a></i>)</small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">lu<sup>3</sup> lit<sup>6</sup></span></li> <li><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B0" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษาแคะ">แคะ</a> <small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Sixian dialect">Sixian</a>, <a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pha%CC%8Dk-fa-s%E1%B9%B3" class="extiw" title="w:Pha̍k-fa-sṳ">PFS</a></i>)</small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">nú-li̍t</span></li> <li><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษาหมิ่นใต้">หมิ่นใต้</a> <dl><dd><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษาฮกเกี้ยน">ฮกเกี้ยน</a>, <a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">POJ</a></i>)</small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=n%C3%B3%CD%98-le%CC%8Dk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="nó͘-le̍k (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">nó͘-le̍k</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=l%C7%92%CD%98-lia%CC%8Dk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="lǒ͘-lia̍k (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">lǒ͘-lia̍k</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=l%C3%B3%CD%98-le%CC%8Dk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ló͘-le̍k (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ló͘-le̍k</a></span></dd> <dd><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%8B%E0%B8%A7" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษาแต้จิ๋ว">แต้จิ๋ว</a>, <a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peng%27im" class="extiw" title="w:Peng'im">Peng'im</a></i>)</small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">no<sup>3</sup> lag<sup>8</sup></span></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%8B" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษาอู๋">อู๋</a> <small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shanghai dialect">Shanghai</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:About_Chinese/Wu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:About Chinese/Wu (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Wugniu</a></i>)</small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;"><sup>6</sup>nu-liq</span><span class="vsToggleElement" style="float: right;"></span></li></ul> <div class="vsHide" style="clear:right;"> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษาจีนกลาง">จีนกลาง</a> <ul><li><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Standard Chinese">จีนมาตรฐาน</a></i>)</small><sup><small><abbr title="Add Mandarin homophones"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://th.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5%3Azh%2Fdata%2Fcmn-hom%2F3&action=edit">+</a></span></abbr></small></sup> <ul><li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="w:พินอิน">พินอิน</a></i></small>: <span class="form-of pinyin-t-form-of transliteration-努力" lang="cmn" style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;"><span class="Latn" lang="cmn"><a href="/wiki/n%C7%94l%C3%AC#ภาษาจีนกลาง" title="nǔlì">nǔlì</a></span></span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="w:จู้อิน">จู้อิน</a></i></small>: <span lang="cmn-Bopo" class="Bopo">ㄋㄨˇ ㄌㄧˋ</span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="w:ทงย่งพินอิน">ทงย่งพินอิน</a></i></small>: <span lang="cmn-Latn-tongyong" style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">nǔlì</span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94-%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C" class="extiw" title="w:เวด-ไจลส์">เวด-ไจลส์</a></i></small>: <span lang="cmn-Latn-wadegile" style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">nu<sup>3</sup>-li<sup>4</sup></span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Mandarin" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Mandarin">เยล</a></i></small>: <span lang="cmn-Latn" style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">nǔ-lì</span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%8B%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD" class="extiw" title="w:กั๋วยฺหวี่หลัวหม่าจื้อ">กั๋วยฺหวี่หลัวหม่าจื้อ</a></i></small>: <span lang="cmn-Latn" style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">nuulih</span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillization_of_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Cyrillization of Chinese">พัลลาดีอุส</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;"><span lang="cmn-Cyrl">нули</span> <span lang="cmn-Latn">(nuli)</span></span></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล</a>จีนวิทยา<sup>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%81:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ภาคผนวก:การออกเสียงภาษาจีนกลาง (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">คำอธิบาย</a>)</sup></small>: <span class="IPA">/nu²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/</span></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษากวางตุ้ง">กวางตุ้ง</a> <ul><li><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Standard Cantonese">Standard Cantonese</a>, <a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangzhou_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Guangzhou Cantonese">Guangzhou</a>–<a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Hong Kong Cantonese">Hong Kong</a></i>)</small> <ul><li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyutping" class="extiw" title="w:Jyutping">Jyutping</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">nou<sup>5</sup> lik<sup>6</sup></span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" class="extiw" title="w:Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">nóuh lihk</span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_Pinyin" class="extiw" title="w:Cantonese Pinyin">Cantonese Pinyin</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">nou<sup>5</sup> lik<sup>9</sup></span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization" class="extiw" title="w:Guangdong Romanization">Guangdong Romanization</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">nou<sup>5</sup> lig<sup>6</sup></span></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล</a>จีนวิทยา <sup>(<a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonese_phonology" class="extiw" title="w:Cantonese phonology">key</a>)</sup></small>: <span class="IPA">/nou̯¹³ lɪk̚²/</span></li> <li><small>Homophones</small>: <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:15em;margin:0;position:left; text-align:center"><tbody><tr><th></th></tr><tr><td><div style="float: right; clear: right;"><sup><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://th.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5%3Ayue-pron%2Fhom&action=edit">edit</a></span></sup></div><div style="visibility:hidden; float:left"><sup><span style="color:#FFF">edit</span></sup></div><span class="Hant" lang="yue"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#ภาษากวางตุ้ง">努力</a></span><span class="Zsym mention" style="font-size:100%;">／</span><span class="Hant" lang="yue"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#ภาษากวางตุ้ง">努力</a></span><br /><span class="Hant" lang="yue"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%85%A6%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="腦力 (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">腦力</a></span><span class="Zsym mention" style="font-size:100%;">／</span><span class="Hant" lang="yue"><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%91%E5%8A%9B#ภาษากวางตุ้ง" title="脑力">脑力</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษากั้น">กั้น</a> <ul><li><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanchang_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Nanchang dialect">Nanchang</a></i>)</small> <ul><li><small><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:About_Chinese/Gan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:About Chinese/Gan (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Wiktionary</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">lu<sup>3</sup> lit<sup>6</sup></span></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล</a>จีนวิทยา <sup>(<a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanchang_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Nanchang dialect">key</a>)</sup></small>: <span class="IPA">/lu²¹³⁻¹³ lit̚⁵/</span></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:About_Chinese/Hakka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:About Chinese/Hakka (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แคะ</a> <ul><li><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixian_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Sixian dialect">Sixian</a>, incl. <a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miaoli_City" class="extiw" title="w:Miaoli City">Miaoli</a> and <a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meinong_District" class="extiw" title="w:Meinong District">Meinong</a></i>)</small> <ul><li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pha%CC%8Dk-fa-s%E1%B9%B3" class="extiw" title="w:Pha̍k-fa-sṳ">Pha̍k-fa-sṳ</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">nú-li̍t</span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E5%AE%A2%E5%AE%B6%E8%AA%9E%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88" class="extiw" title="w:zh:客家語拼音方案">Hakka Romanization System</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">nu` lid</span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagfa_Pinyim" class="extiw" title="w:Hagfa Pinyim">Hagfa Pinyim</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">nu<sup>3</sup> lid<sup>6</sup></span></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล</a>จีนวิทยา</small>: <span class="IPA">/nu³¹ lit̚⁵/</span></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษาหมิ่นใต้">หมิ่นใต้</a> <ul><li><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a></i>: <i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoy_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Amoy dialect">Xiamen</a></i>, <i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Zhangzhou dialect">Zhangzhou</a></i>)</small> <ul><li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=n%C3%B3%CD%98-le%CC%8Dk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="nó͘-le̍k (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">nó͘-le̍k</a></span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2i-l%C3%B4" class="extiw" title="w:Tâi-lô">Tâi-lô</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">nóo-li̍k</span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phofsit_Daibuun" class="extiw" title="w:Phofsit Daibuun">Phofsit Daibuun</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">noflek</span></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล</a> (<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhangzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Zhangzhou dialect">Zhangzhou</a></i>)</small>: <span class="IPA">/nɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪk̚¹²¹/</span></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล</a> (<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoy_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Amoy dialect">Xiamen</a></i>)</small>: <span class="IPA">/nɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪk̚⁴/</span></li></ul></li> <li><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a></i>: <i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quanzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Quanzhou dialect">Quanzhou</a></i>)</small> <ul><li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=l%C7%92%CD%98-lia%CC%8Dk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="lǒ͘-lia̍k (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">lǒ͘-lia̍k</a></span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2i-l%C3%B4" class="extiw" title="w:Tâi-lô">Tâi-lô</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">lǒo-lia̍k</span></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล</a> (<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quanzhou_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Quanzhou dialect">Quanzhou</a></i>)</small>: <span class="IPA">/lɔ²² liak̚²⁴/</span></li></ul></li> <li><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Hokkien">Hokkien</a></i>: <i>General <a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" class="extiw" title="w:Taiwanese Hokkien">Taiwanese</a></i>)</small> <ul><li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=l%C3%B3%CD%98-le%CC%8Dk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ló͘-le̍k (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ló͘-le̍k</a></span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2i-l%C3%B4" class="extiw" title="w:Tâi-lô">Tâi-lô</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">lóo-li̍k</span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phofsit_Daibuun" class="extiw" title="w:Phofsit Daibuun">Phofsit Daibuun</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">loflek</span></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล</a> (<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taipei" class="extiw" title="w:Taipei">Taipei</a></i>)</small>: <span class="IPA">/lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪk̚⁴/</span></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล</a> (<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaohsiung" class="extiw" title="w:Kaohsiung">Kaohsiung</a></i>)</small>: <span class="IPA">/lɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɪk̚⁴/</span></li></ul></li> <li><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%8B%E0%B8%A7" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษาแต้จิ๋ว">แต้จิ๋ว</a></i>)</small> <ul><li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peng%27im" class="extiw" title="w:Peng'im">Peng'im</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">no<sup>3</sup> lag<sup>8</sup></span></li> <li><small><i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" class="extiw" title="w:Pe̍h-ōe-jī">Pe̍h-ōe-jī</a>-like</i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">nò la̍k</span></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล</a>จีนวิทยา <sup>(<a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/zh:%E6%BD%AE%E5%B7%9E%E8%A9%B1#語音" class="extiw" title="w:zh:潮州話">key</a>)</sup></small>: <span class="IPA">/no²¹³⁻⁵⁵ lak̚⁴/</span></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%8B" class="extiw" title="w:ภาษาอู๋">อู๋</a> <ul><li><small>(<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taihu_Wu" class="extiw" title="w:Taihu Wu">Northern</a></i>: <i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shanghai dialect">Shanghai</a></i>)</small> <ul><li><small><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:About_Chinese/Wu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:About Chinese/Wu (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Wugniu</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;"><sup>6</sup>nu-liq</span></li> <li><small><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:About_Chinese/Wu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:About Chinese/Wu (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">MiniDict</a></i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;">nu<sup>去</sup> lih</span></li> <li><small><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:About_Chinese/Wu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:About Chinese/Wu (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Wiktionary Romanisation</a> (Shanghai)</i></small>: <span style="font-family: Consolas, monospace;"><sup>3</sup>nu-liq</span></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5" title="วิกิพจนานุกรม:สัทอักษรสากล">สัทอักษรสากล</a>จีนวิทยา (<i><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_dialect" class="extiw" title="w:Shanghai dialect">Shanghai</a></i>)</small>: <span class="IPA">/nu²² liɪʔ⁴⁴/</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="คำกริยา"><span id=".E0.B8.84.E0.B8.B3.E0.B8.81.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.A2.E0.B8.B2"></span>คำกริยา</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&section=3" title="แก้ไขส่วน: คำกริยา"><span>แก้ไข</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Hant headword" lang="zh">努力</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="ขยัน">ขยัน</a>หมั่นเพียร</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1" title="พยายาม">พยายาม</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97" title="ทุ่มเท">ทุ่มเท</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="คำกริยาวิเศษณ์"><span id=".E0.B8.84.E0.B8.B3.E0.B8.81.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.A2.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A7.E0.B8.B4.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.A8.E0.B8.A9.E0.B8.93.E0.B9.8C"></span>คำกริยาวิเศษณ์</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&section=4" title="แก้ไขส่วน: คำกริยาวิเศษณ์"><span>แก้ไข</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Hant headword" lang="zh">努力</strong></span> </p> <ol><li>อย่าง<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="ขยัน">ขยัน</a>หมั่นเพียร</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1" title="พยายาม">พยายาม</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97" title="ทุ่มเท">ทุ่มเท</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="คำนาม"><span id=".E0.B8.84.E0.B8.B3.E0.B8.99.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A1"></span>คำนาม</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&section=5" title="แก้ไขส่วน: คำนาม"><span>แก้ไข</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Hant headword" lang="zh">努力</strong></span> </p> <ol><li>ความพยายาม, ความสามารถ, ความทุ่มเท <dl><dd><span lang="zh-Hant" class="Hant"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A1#Chinese" title="盡">盡</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="最大 (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">最大</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%84#Chinese" title="的">的</a><b>努力</b></span><span lang="zh-Hani" class="Hani">／</span><span lang="zh-Hans" class="Hans"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BD#Chinese" title="尽">尽</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="最大 (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">最大</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%84#Chinese" title="的">的</a><b>努力</b></span>  ―  <span lang="zh-Latn" style="color:#404D52"><i>jìn zuìdà de <b>nǔlì</b></i></span>  ―  ทำทุกอย่างที่สามารถทำได้</dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ดูเพิ่ม"><span id=".E0.B8.94.E0.B8.B9.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.9E.E0.B8.B4.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.A1"></span>ดูเพิ่ม</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&section=6" title="แก้ไขส่วน: ดูเพิ่ม"><span>แก้ไข</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">กวางตุ้ง</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <span class="Hant" lang="zh-Hant"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%95%80%E5%BF%83%E6%A9%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="畀心機 (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">畀心機</a></span><span class="Hani" lang="zh">／</span><span class="Hant" lang="zh-Hant"><a href="/wiki/%E7%95%80%E5%BF%83%E6%9C%BA#ภาษาจีน" title="畀心机">畀心机</a></span> (<i><span class="tr Latn">bei2 sam1 gei1</span></i>)</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">เข้าถึงจาก "<a dir="ltr" href="https://th.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=努力&oldid=2169958">https://th.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=努力&oldid=2169958</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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