CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91351675ec69406a',cH: 'C.eqC7qK17qtNI0NjxGLF7jA8j7MzK7_Q4vSOFugchQ-1739788076-1.2.1.1-7kRJDbMFFOMom7gJaAtJOHTWGo._SAbB2xGHnq1JGBMLgg.2X._O1nYroL1ylXk.',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=human%20computer%20interaction&__cf_chl_tk=M.6854rLgj0lvhJesWbZLCc2HNaZ_O.5zanNPYAWvXs-1739788076-1.0.1.1-AMmBHugN53jWWSTqBWoBXpy1OasJniZqpx_ozPkb7Cw",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739788076',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=human%20computer%20interaction&__cf_chl_f_tk=M.6854rLgj0lvhJesWbZLCc2HNaZ_O.5zanNPYAWvXs-1739788076-1.0.1.1-AMmBHugN53jWWSTqBWoBXpy1OasJniZqpx_ozPkb7Cw",md: "EZHw2ikDc2HgXuxuCEnEf2X43qQ1txZFqc6FCEKNGw0-1739788076-1.2.1.1-fCu_GlFbqrdn6m9ri.agiNc4U.UyDhFMCZtUSsnI1p86BGCDIO13KtUg_SDHYkVUltzNjHv.UTUUy9k1nyxh5y7fyYGW4kRlwbdhYKzgLZ5T72xMTZTokG8Bw28Bxfy6EFZZO5HNwJkpOM10mSdsGMUCnbvsl4pt_tMwJS5gR2JkvQdDlUHKkAoV7M9vYXxvJtMhMP4hdBuoRdpodXbKTdY7afpigILQKU5x1MIV5_uBgpZ3jfqYeb8HUsa.P9ydMHNxiMVhamCd0_OdFLkUlzLb3QQ9.ef97k2bsxke6lCigRVP4q_n2VKUNd_CCtqjVfVL3PrsQdGVzKU7Bmrsl_vQcQ6YgP9ptcuZ75hxcxGqFVD3PBD4zm_Tb5xsLKBu5_bquXKnlwmk_as0gI6Tf99k6yZcm3dHhCoZ_o9XYb3d1WkkZQw2rbVyLRsuBM6uxWfPLq_0e.zPlwXQvWunG61Lgk4GvHZnDPnyuQY18aCkV8kQeKMHePYJgbeZG0FgjqKBoEV5kTuITvzLskeF5E0kVu3zRx3b9SzUh2SwxoKIjHj0zf2T3HRbIStciqAStiOqsXK9u1KvR6RpSSiRiYlrL1otWfbaCC7LCTxwVB17dYuls0FWXn0zNxD0gUHd5mbL.GmNU5l5ur3fyT7adgpNEM9EdiDTj83tCTMhJ0ckotkIbslM3IsVBVlK_1.TFp_LBjebG7_Pl42FSgRBgq6dtK7s5AluuquPlOrVvLRqSQQaBo6EXQlAJfNLNzPMMMHjG_pXqCJ0LqUKdSOTIASJafEFWt7GG0QcUmlj9tsTe8KOg802xnBU2bZIJhMCgjwxgYAqOzPpL3TTJOn5RekT2q8IbEjn1PLL7yJkbMVnUDIrKlgaJhfSlOEIUSg0EfOxRrHgIGN2Z_I5BxNk4Y79u_JdJZ9nCdERddyh2lO28gIqms5KyF_nP8_jJFdYb11ZwjgbwPwDfPYXcKC2AUjbn7CT5aTP6_WyUMlx.usjgyt4Av32xme4r0.WIeJz1tZTTeyyVwtyLui2_eOrb7.a1KY6yrXC9dD9ig9b330RVovn7SbyiOtP_yyGiRBH_RszORpjZU5Lnrf3BQv.Gzj8dbeQHmGzYMn4OqwzQ_zirXrqRUjVL8Ie59BlzPF03tjzw4kBOwW3h3HsmUc672R8aq0_RcO32dDbqC8ul_2IEK4OXeshQQuDNBv4emQrk4bDPedytnI35RGJWeeXuEc7OIEXFCl723xTyRLtzj0xZZvZrJocBvXQyAeR_sLh64j8WihdYcRgzvowR7sd9UEa3U4dWIHQ5NloshsWajVqv8Is7xqIVgq6TKfijK7iQ71kZpdhbxiibu6kts6lE1h3ByRmatahtdgUDXfeLmohOK9gBvZk.DDdBEaPkm_8T3acFNOhAsfmiUWLbFP7husRnkYesuIoSt.rc.A3YFkO9H_lsb7kzXR.KGXhRiOhoay3yIJbq9FL5BMqMUW5KYP9YcxxqUrNsVlZ5BzjUGDlf9qSIMr7e0YPvVesTqMCTdSOREY7UxLcr0B7ktc8h8uZHsYOSLvqdprARCQY_iXaw4.d23UMmx3zzvn_e1OcOJysXv6pyND4xe.CEa4SKJufYIoEXbbZ6gxrVy_0NQ_EruFck0mojqffapmCOQyw_VyNfEYvUSPn24hKRGmbsLQAOSzuyZ2M8deBOF7Ae7aCn26BYc2y8dzOql_0FblXYb9eXqQoBuW.Yx4XMob_xuO63rrn5WmgsEuBLOMuOV2zdBnj28LZTThUD9YKi5CmVfk0X.5vaT00x8C6tSJcj0hhzF7Q_2DBXtrz08dtK3GseZPE8T4EoacZIRvJxPOpq5WsXM93.35fdhLa5UTXYrXLHcWDoDsgMc2usfVm5kmZPo_kuvcJnJUdLslcJm7lHZHKwbaTaDaD6f_63lcTkUJlEWVurfl_44nArgd0FJ43..H7Eyks8N0iDc6jWlMxWR8YBLqGcUM._1adtKEipA",mdrd: "MOj53y6PuuNq.Nwg8XD7HHgSXO0T9qLd_FjfA5rCarI-1739788076-1.2.1.1-DbJ5THThJk6DKIudxKHca3wnJq5tqbWHmw5iffFhPugBEirPqKjIQ8hxUlvZEgBY5QcIfgelvtI3MEyOP82MDzjQKvF1G7ich.fy1pKUXneP6YjCMH4eFqhv6.SY_T5T8T4YRxXVEdr8iNBicAWop99IhxG83hlp5_NDILXLqhez7qGUQRAu6rAzB2i5E1UlziGRQfTMeBtf9axy9zKL8AtGQoxRuOMBz_dqvA1f5cB8f.VsFBDVLZL_67IymC_Qkv0pdl_LBKxk.yH12KPfxhuZMCKd4VbbqXcTYWy_SpSlk4y6M7c5ak_H7VXyTK_odU_gZhaHdnd58ECD6.It.XmUDMBMpnzunvQKWTitIinSBs_W5Bu8K5FKHA7sH31oKsMi5FC5WWRse_nHE7tzxI8zYPx6I3hn5AeUJ3qAI8YsrAGebYA5tSpXAhIYKhjyNgt6jS6R6J_ocQ.fbjYkZp7sCB3swjQ0bIreMds.HoXSwgxLwL.OBGW23lqMy10Qnb5n6OPVHoHR20igCwdmpcHqNj8MYTblCZZihjMqZ35Tu8t493c4rS2n5AftVpwgJky5EmxSfm32lam_fuonddU6R.WwANUC2u6hcbcuKrvuJQYWRrfPkCp0m92cClNBvD8goAJd.F5ugTw0vZ4cp29NY2HBEVKLC8pkxG7fdiWxoIlMw9iuVRdpuTIGZrRuJaUgRtV9SZiYvZJpPmfXhNNQobrqP9QdHDGnB3OAq0cj7CuplxmO0OnIS1js2Kza4ddlFPrOUmIYCiiDD5jwO8kjhB_YipLk.pXvzKznL29GazgfFfSEd1P63iJMuGst8I6jUOs1_8dzxwoJiimAYf65YJzo4H5q4SoJEX1a1Up6xQzOapL0krGMPqUSUr.d7PxIEmSu03baydQwctZ_jC5U5ZdPoVSuEeyJnZLL8jNEcugW.0CwSTa3I4h.PuxZYP6bPMykVAWFnZ3hatKLF8MM61ZQHv8hdkZNfCf2BJzOOa_XKRFjWyWzOtNNK0ZWRYwdETD1qjRKF_FjXU4juN1BuFK_ej6p421Ie3o3J98WkkERQYwMbtqmbeu9Mu3smNfOTnxhxhMbWNdIeVVymhzX9oBpYVmY6LanA6UAQ5lGGXnRDaQm3a24RSeMJAXNhoyutfOAm6GsD.kLSOm_JICOA9NxQXSuHvx9ICU2SGQh3Qn.OZLxr_wgCxnD8CbWxZ3_NOzqQvwRsSFxfIiUyM_jOtjUH6dgIXAMpRYFgM3Bh0DiVrbqvRmAPpStKQoUF9bOk2OAI2NJGthwNmR9f4xQZ6bKGa8EOmPYObt7uWRhgOrCtDVJAU98wANlWz8gWImgwtNGgG..IFNmwKhKcq2bLJXBmfUd3qkAP.4AG1LAcxWl9tCw7o_KypR5Z5ps5jKVQBMreabtlz6k2RU1lkfh27qBvJ7Dn6ZmTt4LjkRM3Li0xBs1nQ4B6fsNlpkPx5xKwtk9nv5tB2FvqAif4EMKKxDTVujwqapHB03d9vQmu3e8kDHuq8eDNy1pIpRGFzrClVGDllC7YVb2Q4QwVA1gFTiJdk4gXGW2SLRMKViVfOmyxr69rg.L42gOs2q4cKKgYCQdcKEKk.UpfxfluLVoobVpcB0LfRMD2qIgy6FIra5yvyKrwGbf_hv6sBVCw1M3k2bxlZHWRyH1B_eh5rmiQ4.17sUbDrO.OGIZXB7JbEaTRNX.5L.KCaCkp5HWl0dTyHeYkkSGjn_F1xtIFCPFOfTR2bzlgyMNzHVpaWJEER3786ewgyAlOpocHhQ8HYU0XINx9UM3LTpe9PDHQFJf7XxBNo.wL8gGAwcsM8bx5KcbLhdiYZ1GiyjcKOHozFRkUl_OhIuyxbfaKeQ4myjJ22pERD8BYFhzXw0F8kx2P2aLmFuXA64QP_fTMZao.rJDPn65QgKe0DugBvLmlEsKh2WaZgsCAQ3cnqRDxE.e.A31XWBL8xBKVWFF9UT_"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91351675ec69406a';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=human%20computer%20interaction&__cf_chl_rt_tk=M.6854rLgj0lvhJesWbZLCc2HNaZ_O.5zanNPYAWvXs-1739788076-1.0.1.1-AMmBHugN53jWWSTqBWoBXpy1OasJniZqpx_ozPkb7Cw" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>