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exit:slideTransition.start,slideTransition.reverse" intersection-ratios="1" layout="nodisplay" class="i-amphtml-layout-nodisplay" hidden="hidden" i-amphtml-layout="nodisplay"> </amp-position-observer> <amp-animation id="slideTransition" layout="nodisplay" class="i-amphtml-layout-nodisplay" hidden="hidden" i-amphtml-layout="nodisplay"> <script type="application/json">{"duration":"150ms","fill":"both","easing":"ease-out","iterations":"1","animations":[{"selector":".label-title","keyframes":[{"transform":"scale3d(0, 1, 1)"},{"transform":"scale3d(1, 1, 1)"}]}]}</script> </amp-animation> </div> <amp-user-notification class="-fv i-amphtml-layout-nodisplay" id="format-filter-hint" layout="nodisplay" hidden="hidden" i-amphtml-layout="nodisplay"> </amp-user-notification> <div class="-fd" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="-fm"> <div class="-fg">Select your format for a more streamlined experience</div> <button class="-fy" on="tap:format-filter-hint.dismiss"> <svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#close"/></svg> </button> </div> </div> <main class="ap--main -fb"> <div class="-tf"> <input class="-od ap-a-sidebar-mobile-toggle-input-sidebar" type="checkbox" name="sidebar" id="sidebar" autocomplete="off"> <input class="-om ap-a-sidebar-desktop-toggle-input-sidebar" type="checkbox" name="sidebar-desktop" id="sidebar-desktop" autocomplete="off"> <span id="ap--sidebar-content" class="-oy"></span> <section class="ap--toc"> <div class="ap-o-toc" [class]="contentmenuopen ? 'ap-o-toc contentmenuopen' : 'ap-o-toc'" i-amphtml-binding> <label class="ap-o-toc-toggle" for="toc" on="tap:AMP.setState({contentmenuopen: !contentmenuopen})" role="contentmenutrigger" tabindex="0"> <span class="ap-o-toc-hl">Table of contents</span> <span class="nav-icon"> <svg class="ap-a-ico"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#angle-down-solid"/></svg> </span> </label> <input class="-oh -of" type="checkbox" name="toc" id="toc" autocomplete="off"> <ul><li><a href="#usage">Usage</a><ul> <li><a href="#defining-effects">Defining effects</a><ul> <li><a href="#keyframes">Keyframes</a><ul> <li><a href="#on-prefers-reduced-motion">On prefers-reduced-motion</a></li> <li><a href="#allowed-properties-for-keyframes">Allowed properties for keyframes</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#timing-properties">Timing properties</a></li> <li><a href="#variables-and-calculated-expressions">Variables and calculated expressions</a></li> <li><a href="#css-extensions">CSS extensions</a><ul> <li><a href="#css-index()-extension">CSS index() extension</a></li> <li><a href="#css-length()-extension">CSS length() extension</a></li> <li><a href="#css-rand()-extension">CSS rand() extension</a></li> <li><a href="#css-width(),-height(),-x()-and-y()-extensions">CSS width(), height(), x() and y() extensions</a></li> <li><a href="#css-num()-extension">CSS num() extension</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#override-effects-on-subtargets">Override effects on subtargets</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#svg-animations">SVG animations</a></li> <li><a href="#compatibility-and-fallbacks">Compatibility and fallbacks</a><ul> <li><a href="#media-queries">Media queries</a></li> <li><a href="#supports-condition">Supports condition</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#animation-switch-statement">Animation switch statement</a></li> <li><a href="#combine-and-split-animations">Combine and split animations</a><ul> <li><a href="#triggering-via-on-action">Triggering via on action</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#accessibility-considerations-for-animations">Accessibility considerations for animations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#attributes">Attributes</a><ul> <li><a href="#trigger">trigger</a></li> <li><a href="#layout">layout</a></li> <li><a href="#id-(optional)">id (optional)</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#actions">Actions </a><ul> <li><a href="#start">start</a></li> <li><a href="#restart">restart</a></li> <li><a href="#pause">pause</a></li> <li><a href="#resume">resume</a></li> <li><a href="#togglepause">togglePause</a></li> <li><a href="#seekto">seekTo</a></li> <li><a href="#reverse">reverse</a></li> <li><a href="#finish">finish</a></li> <li><a href="#cancel">cancel</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#amp-story-usage">amp-story usage</a></li> <li><a href="#validation">Validation</a></li></ul> </div> </section> <section class="-t"> <label class="-op -ol ap-a-sidebar-mobile-toggle-label-sidebar" for="sidebar" on="tap:sidebar-left.toggle" role="categoriemenutrigger" tabindex="0"> <span class="label-icon"><svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#sidebar-toggle"/></svg></span> <span class="label-title">Toggle Sidebar</span> </label> <label class="-op -og ap-a-sidebar-desktop-toggle-label-sidebar" for="sidebar-desktop" role="categoriemenutrigger-desktop" tabindex="0"> <span class="label-icon"><svg><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#sidebar-toggle"/></svg></span> <span class="label-title">Toggle Sidebar</span> </label> <nav class="-ou"> <a class="ap-m-breadcrumbs-crumb" href="/documentation/">Documentation</a> <span class="ap-m-breadcrumbs-divider"> <svg class="ap-a-ico -oa"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#angle-down-solid"/></svg> </span> <a class="ap-m-breadcrumbs-crumb" href="/documentation/components/">Components</a> </nav> <h1> amp-animation </h1> <div class="ap-o-component-intro"> <div class="ap-o-component-intro-row"> <h4 class="ap-o-component-intro-headline">Description</h4> <p class="ap-o-component-intro-text">Defines and displays an animation.</p> </div>   <div class="ap-o-component-intro-row ap-o-component-intro-row-inline"> <h4 class="ap-o-component-intro-headline">Required Scripts</h4> <div id="amp-script" class="ap-a-copy-script"> <pre><script async custom-element="amp-animation" src="https://cdn.ampproject.org/v0/amp-animation-0.1.js"></script></pre> <amp-iframe width="24" height="24" layout="fixed" sandbox="allow-scripts" src="https://amp.dev/shared/copy-script/#%3Cscript%20async%20custom-element%3D%22amp-animation%22%20src%3D%22https%3A//cdn.ampproject.org/v0/amp-animation-0.1.js%22%3E%3C/script%3E" class="i-amphtml-layout-fixed i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" style="width:24px;height:24px;" i-amphtml-layout="fixed"> <div placeholder></div> </amp-iframe> </div> </div> <div class="ap-o-component-intro-row ap-o-component-intro-row-inline"> <h4 class="ap-o-component-intro-headline">Supported Layouts</h4> <div> <a class='ap-a-pill ap-a-pill-flat ap-a-pill-small ap-a-pill-link' href='/documentation/guides-and-tutorials/learn/amp-html-layout/layouts_demonstrated#nodisplay'>nodisplay</a> </div> </div> <div class="ap-o-component-intro-row"> <div id="examples" class="ap-m-clip"> <h4 class="ap-o-component-intro-headline">Examples</h4> <div class="ap-o-component-intro-list"> <a class='ap-o-component-intro-list-item' href='/documentation/examples/multimedia-animations/advanced_video_docking/'>Advanced Video Docking</a> <a class='ap-o-component-intro-list-item' href='/documentation/examples/multimedia-animations/video_rotate_to_fullscreen_with_hint/'>Video rotate to fullscreen with hint</a> <a class='ap-o-component-intro-list-item' href='/documentation/examples/visual-effects/animated_snackbar/'>Animated Snackbar</a> <a class='ap-o-component-intro-list-item' href='/documentation/examples/visual-effects/basics_of_orientation_effects/'>Basics of orientation effects</a> <a class='ap-o-component-intro-list-item' href='/documentation/examples/visual-effects/basics_of_scrollbound_effects/'>Basics of scrollbound effects</a> <a class='ap-o-component-intro-list-item' href='/documentation/examples/visual-effects/scroll_to_top/'>Scroll to top</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <h2 id="usage">Usage</h2> <p>The <code>amp-animation</code> component defines and runs custom animations and effects. It relies on the <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/web-animations/">Web Animations API</a>.</p> <p>An <code>amp-animation</code> component defines animations in a JSON structure. The top-level section defines the overarching animation by declaring target element(s), execution conditions, timing properties and <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/web-animations/#dom-keyframeeffect-keyframeeffect">keyframes effect</a>. The overarching process can contain any arbitrary number of animation parts defined within the <code>animations</code> array. Animation parts in the animation's array may have their own target elements, execution conditions, timing properties, and keyframes effects.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"nodisplay"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"application/json"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"selector"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"#target-id"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"duration"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"1s"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"iterations"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"4"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"fill"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"both"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"direction"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"alternate"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"animations"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"selector"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">".target-class"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"easing"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"cubic-bezier(0,0,.21,1)"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"keyframes"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"transform"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"rotate(20deg)"</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">},</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"delay"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"2s"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"easing"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"cubic-bezier(0,0,.21,1)"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"keyframes"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"transform"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"rotate(30deg)"</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p>If the animation uses a single element and a single keyframes effect, the configuration is valid as a single animation definition.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"nodisplay"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"application/json"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"selector"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"#target-id"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"duration"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"1s"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"keyframes"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"opacity"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p>If the animation uses multiple elements, but does not have a top-level animation, the configuration is valid as an array of definitions.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"nodisplay"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"application/json"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"selector"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">".target1"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"duration"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"keyframes"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"opacity"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">},</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"selector"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">".target2"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"duration"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">600</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"delay"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">400</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"keyframes"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"transform"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"scale(2)"</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p>Trigger the start of one or multiple animations via the <code>trigger</code> attribute or an <a href="#actions">action</a>.</p> <p>You may place <code>amp-animation</code> controlled via actions anywhere in the DOM. If the animation contains <code>trigger="visibility"</code> it will be triggered when the parent element comes into the viewport, and paused when it leaves the viewport.</p> <h3 id="defining-effects">Defining effects</h3> <h4 id="keyframes">Keyframes</h4> <p>You must declare effects as keyframes to apply animations using <code>amp-animations</code>.</p> <p>You may specify keyframes in amp-animation in the same way as defined in MDN's <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_Animations_API/Keyframe_Formats">Keyframe Formats</a>. You may also reference the <code>@keyframes</code> name defined as CSS within the <code><style amp-custom></code> or <code><style amp-keyframes></code> tag.</p> <p>Some typical examples of keyframes definitions are below.</p> <p>Shorthand object-form "to" format specifies the final state at 100%:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span>{ "keyframes": {"opacity": 0, "transform": "scale(2)"} } </pre></div> <p>Shorthand object-form "from-to" format specifies the starting and final states at 0 and 100%:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span>{ "keyframes": { "opacity": [1, 0], "transform": ["scale(1)", "scale(2)"] } } </pre></div> <p>Shorthand object-form "value-array" format specifies multiple values for starting, final states and multiple (equal-spaced) offsets:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span>{ "keyframes": { "opacity": [1, 0.1, 0], "transform": ["scale(1)", "scale(1.1)", "scale(2)"] } } </pre></div> <p>The array-form specifies keyframes. Offsets are assigned automatically at 0, 100% and spaced evenly in-between:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span>{ "keyframes": [ {"opacity": 1, "transform": "scale(1)"}, {"opacity": 0, "transform": "scale(2)"} ] } </pre></div> <p>The array-form can also include "offset" explicitly:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span>{ "keyframes": [ {"opacity": 1, "transform": "scale(1)"}, {"offset": 0.1, "opacity": 0.1, "transform": "scale(2)"}, {"opacity": 0, "transform": "scale(3)"} ] } </pre></div> <p>The array-form can also include "easing":</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span>{ "keyframes": [ {"easing": "ease-out", "opacity": 1, "transform": "scale(1)"}, {"opacity": 0, "transform": "scale(2)"} ] } </pre></div> <p>Using the <code>@keyframes</code> CSS rule:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">style</span> <span class="na">amp-custom</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p">@</span><span class="k">keyframes</span> <span class="nt">keyframes1</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">from</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">opacity</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="nt">to</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">opacity</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">style</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"nodisplay"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"application/json"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"duration"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"1s"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"keyframes"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"keyframes1"</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p>Most CSS <code>@keyframes</code> match the JSON inline keyframes definition in the <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/web-animations/#processing-a-keyframes-argument">Web Animations spec</a> with the following nuances:</p> <ul> <li> <p>You may need vendor prefixes, such as <code>@-ms-keyframes {}</code> or <code>-moz-transform</code> for broad-platform support. Vendor prefixes are not needed and not allowed in the JSON format, but in CSS they could be necessary.</p> </li> <li> <p>In unsupported platforms, <code>amp-animation</code>'s polyfills will fail when using <code>calc()</code> and <code>var()</code> with keyframes specified in CSS. Use fallback values in CSS to avoid this.</p> </li> <li> <p>CSS extensions such as <code>width()</code>, <code>height()</code>, <code>x()</code>, <code>y()</code>, <code>num()</code>, <code>rand()</code>, <code>index()</code>, and <code>length()</code> are not available to <code>@keyframes</code>.</p> </li> </ul> <h5 id="on-prefers-reduced-motion">On <code>prefers-reduced-motion</code></h5> <p>Oftentimes, a running animation will finalize by putting an element in a visible state, and initial CSS will hide the element to depend on the animation finalizing later.</p> <p>Users may configure their devices to <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-reduced-motion">use reduced animation</a>. With this option, animations will not run at all. In this case, you need to disable CSS properties that depend on an animation runnning later.</p> <p>You can use a media query for this purpose. In the following example, an <code><amp-animation></code> would later animate the element into visibility by setting <code>opacity: 1</code>. When animations are disabled, the element is always visible:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">style</span> <span class="na">amp-custom</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">my-hidden-element</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">opacity</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">@</span><span class="k">media</span> <span class="nt">not</span> <span class="o">(</span><span class="nt">prefers-reduced-motion</span><span class="o">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">my-hidden-element</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">opacity</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">style</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"nodisplay"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"application/json"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"selector"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">".my-hidden-element"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"duration"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"1s"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"keyframes"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"opacity"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <h5 id="allowed-properties-for-keyframes">Allowed properties for keyframes</h5> <p>The amp-animation component restricts CSS allowable properties to optimize performance. Below is the allow-listed properties:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/opacity"><code>opacity</code></a></li> <li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transform"><code>transform</code></a></li> <li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/visibility"><code>visibility</code></a></li> <li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/offset-distance"><code>offset-distance</code></a></li> <li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/clip-path"><code>clip-path</code></a>. Only supported values are <code>inset()</code>, <code>circle()</code>, <code>ellipse()</code>, and <code>polygon()</code>.</li> </ul> <p>Use of vendor prefixed CSS properties is neither needed nor allowed.</p> <h4 id="timing-properties">Timing properties</h4> <p>Top-level animation and animation components may contain timing properties. Below is the allowed set of properties:</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th class="col-twenty">Property</th> <th class="col-twenty">Type</th> <th class="col-twenty">Default</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><code>duration</code></td> <td>time</td> <td>0</td> <td>The animation duration. Either a numeric value in milliseconds or a CSS time value, e.g. <code>2s</code>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>delay</code></td> <td>time</td> <td>0</td> <td>The delay before animation starts executing. Either a numeric value in milliseconds or a CSS time value, e.g. <code>2s</code>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>endDelay</code></td> <td>time</td> <td>0</td> <td>The delay after the animation completes and before it's actually considered to be complete. Either a numeric value in milliseconds or a CSS time value, e.g. <code>2s</code>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>iterations</code></td> <td>number or<br>"Infinity" or<br>"infinite"</td> <td>1</td> <td>The number of times the animation effect repeats.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>iterationStart</code></td> <td>number/CSS</td> <td>0</td> <td>The time offset at which the effect begins animating.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>easing</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>"linear"</td> <td>The <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/web-animations/#timing-function">timing function</a> used to scale the time to produce easing effects.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>direction</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>"normal"</td> <td>One of "normal", "reverse", "alternate" or "alternate-reverse".</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>fill</code></td> <td>string</td> <td>"none"</td> <td>One of "none", "forwards", "backwards", "both", "auto".</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>All timing properties allow either a direct numeric/string values or CSS values. For instance, <code>1000</code> or <code>1s</code> or <code>1000m</code> are all valid values for <code>duration</code>.</p> <p>An example of timing properties in JSON:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="err">...</span> <span class="nt">"duration"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"1s"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nt">"delay"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nt">"easing"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"ease-in"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nt">"fill"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"both"</span> <span class="err">...</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p>Animation components inherit timing properties specified for the top-level animation.</p> <h4 id="variables-and-calculated-expressions">Variables and calculated expressions</h4> <p><code>amp-animation</code> allows use of <code>var()</code>, <code>calc()</code>, <code>min()</code>, and <code>max()</code> expressions for timing and keyframes values.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"nodisplay"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"application/json"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"selector"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">".target-class"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"duration"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"4s"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"delay"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"var(--delay)"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"--y"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"var(--other-y, 100px)"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"keyframes"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"transform"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"translate(calc(100vh + 20px), var(--y))"</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p>You may declare CSS variables to use for timing and keyframe values via the <code>var()</code> expressions.</p> <p>CSS variables are available to nested animations, but nested animations may override the variable's value.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"nodisplay"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"application/json"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"--delay"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"0.5s"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"--x"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"100px"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"animations"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"selector"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"#target1"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"delay"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"var(--delay)"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"--x"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"150px"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"keyframes"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"transform"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"translate(var(--x), var(--y, 0px)"</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">},</span> <span class="p">...</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p>In the example above:</p> <ul> <li> <p>The nested animation applies the var <code>--delay</code> to the delay of <code>#target1</code> animation.</p> </li> <li> <p>While <code>--x</code> propagates into the nested animation, it is overridden. The ending translate value is <code>150px</code>.</p> </li> <li> <p><code>--y</code> is not specified anywhere in the <code><amp-animation></code> component. It defaults to <code>0px</code> if the query does not find it defined as CSS within the <code><amp style-custom></code> tags.</p> </li> </ul> <p>Polyfills apply to both <code>var()</code> and <code>calc()</code> on supported platforms. As a best practice, include default values for <code>var()</code>.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"nodisplay"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"application/json"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"selector"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">".target-class"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"duration"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"4s"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"delay"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"var(--delay, 100ms)"</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p>Override variables of target elements specified in the <code><style amp-custom></code> tag by using <code>--var-name</code> fields in <code>amp-animation</code> component. <code>var()</code> expressions first try to resolve values specified within the animation component and then resolve target styles.</p> <h4 id="css-extensions">CSS extensions</h4> <p>The <code>amp-animation</code> component provides the following CSS extensions: <code>rand()</code>, <code>num()</code>, <code>width()</code>, <code>height()</code>, <code>x()</code>, and <code>y()</code>. The allowed CSS extensions are valid everywhere where CSS values are usable within the <code>amp-animation</code> definition. This includes timing and keyframes values.</p> <h5 id="css-index()-extension">CSS <code>index()</code> extension</h5> <p>The <code>index()</code> function returns an index of the current target element in the animation effect. This is most relevant when animating multiple targets with the same effect using <code>selector</code> property. The first target matched by the <code>selector</code> will have <code>index 0</code>, the second will have <code>index 1</code> and so on.</p> <p>Among other uses, this property can combine with <code>calc()</code> expressions to create a staggered effect. For instance:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">"selector"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">".class-x"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nt">"delay"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"calc(200ms * index())"</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <h5 id="css-length()-extension">CSS <code>length()</code> extension</h5> <p>The <code>length()</code> function returns the number of target elements in the animation effect. This is most relevant when combined with <code>index()</code>:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">"selector"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">".class-x"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nt">"delay"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"calc(200ms * (length() - index()))"</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <h5 id="css-rand()-extension">CSS <code>rand()</code> extension</h5> <p>The <code>rand()</code> function returns a random CSS value. There are two forms.</p> <p>The form without arguments returns the random number between 0 and 1.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">"delay"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"calc(10s * rand())"</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p>The second form has two arguments and returns the random value between these two arguments.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">"delay"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"rand(5s, 10s)"</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <h5 id="css-width(),-height(),-x()-and-y()-extensions">CSS <code>width()</code>, <code>height()</code>, <code>x()</code> and <code>y()</code> extensions</h5> <p>The <code>width()</code>/<code>height()</code> and <code>x()</code>/<code>y()</code> extensions return the size or coordinates of the animated element or the element specified by the selector. The returned value is in pixels, e.g. <code>100px</code>.</p> <p><code>amp-animation</code> supports the following forms:</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>width()</code>, <code>height()</code>, <code>x()</code>, <code>y()</code> - width/height or coordinates of the animated element.</p> </li> <li> <p>With a selector, such as <code>width('.selector')</code> or <code>x('.selector')</code> - dimension or coordinate of the element specified by the selector. Any CSS selector is usable. For instance, <code>height('#container > li')</code>.</p> </li> <li> <p>With a closest selector, such as <code>height(closest('.selector'))</code> or <code>y(closest('.selector'))</code> - dimension or coordinate of the element specified by the closest selector.</p> </li> </ul> <p>The <code>width()</code> and <code>height()</code> are especially useful for transforms. The <code>left</code>, <code>top</code> and similar CSS properties that can use <code>%</code> values to express animations proportional to container size. However, <code>transform</code> property interprets <code>%</code> values differently - as a percent of the selected element. Thus, the <code>width()</code> and <code>height()</code> can be used to express transform animations in terms of container elements and similar.</p> <p>These functions can be combined with <code>calc()</code>, <code>var()</code> and other CSS expressions. For instance:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">"transform"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"translateX(calc(width('#container') + 10px))"</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <h5 id="css-num()-extension">CSS <code>num()</code> extension</h5> <p>The <code>num()</code> function returns a number representation of a CSS value. For instance:</p> <ul> <li><code>num(11px)</code> yields <code>11</code>;</li> <li><code>num(110ms)</code> yields <code>110</code>;</li> <li>etc.</li> </ul> <p>For instance, the following expression calculates the delay in seconds proportional to the element's width:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">"delay"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"calc(1s * num(width()) / 100)"</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <h4 id="override-effects-on-subtargets">Override effects on subtargets</h4> <p>Override timing properties or variables defined in the top-level animation with subtargets. Define subtargets via <code>subtargets: []</code> where desired, in the same space as valid <code>selector</code>s. Specify a subtarget by index or a CSS selector.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">"selector"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">".target"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nt">"delay"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nt">"--y"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"100px"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nt">"subtargets"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">"index"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nt">"delay"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">200</span> <span class="p">},</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">"selector"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">":nth-child(2n+1)"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nt">"--y"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"200px"</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p>In the example above:</p> <ul> <li> <p>The top-level animation defaults targets matched by <code>".target"</code> to a delay of <code>100</code> and <code>"--y"</code> of <code>100px</code>.</p> </li> <li> <p><code>"subtargets": []</code> includes the first target, <code>"index": 0</code>. This definition overrides the default delay of <code>100</code> to <code>200</code>.</p> </li> <li> <p><code>"subtargets": []</code> includes <code>"selector": ":nth-child(2n+1)"</code>. This definition overrides the <code>--y</code> variable's default value of <code>100px</code> to <code>200px</code>.</p> </li> </ul> <p>Multiple subtargets can match one target <code>selector</code> element.</p> <h3 id="svg-animations">SVG animations</h3> <p>SVGs are awesome and we recommend their use for animations!</p> <p>The <code>amp-animation</code> component supports SVG animations with the allowed listed CSS keyframe properties, with the following nuances:</p> <ul> <li> <p>IE/Edge SVG elements <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34434005/svg-transform-property-not-taking-acount-in-ie-edge">do not support CSS <code>transform</code> properties</a>. While the <code>transform</code> animation itself is polyfilled, the initial state defined in a stylesheet is not applied. If the initial transformed state is important on IE/Edge, it's recommended to duplicate it via <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG/Attribute/transform">SVG <code>transform</code> attribute</a>.</p> </li> <li> <p>It is impossible to polyfill <code>transform-origin</code> for IE/Edge. For compatibility, use only the default <code>transform-origin</code>.</p> </li> <li> <p>Use <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transform-box">CSS <code>transform-box</code></a> to avoid <code>transform-origin</code> interpretation problems. See issues for <a href="https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=740300">Chrome</a>, <a href="https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=174285">Safari</a>, and <a href="https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1379340">Firefox</a>.</p> </li> </ul> <h3 id="compatibility-and-fallbacks">Compatibility and fallbacks</h3> <p>Use media queries, support conditions and switch statements for platform compatibility and fallback options.</p> <h4 id="media-queries">Media queries</h4> <p>Specify media queries with the <code>media</code> property. This property can contain any expression allowed for <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/matchMedia">Window.matchMedia</a> API and corresponds to <code>@media</code> CSS rule.</p> <p>When specified, the animation component will only execute when the environment supports the specified CSS feature.</p> <h4 id="supports-condition">Supports condition</h4> <p>Specify supports conditions using the <code>supports</code> property. The <code>supports</code> property contains any expression allowed for <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/CSS/supports"><code>CSS.supports</code></a> API and corresponds to <code>@supports</code> CSS rule.</p> <p>When specified, the animation component will only execute when the environment supports the specified CSS feature.</p> <h3 id="animation-switch-statement">Animation <code>switch</code> statement</h3> <p>In some cases, you may need to combine conditional animations with an optional default into a single animation. Use the <code>switch</code> animation statement to define the conditions.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="err">//</span> <span class="err">Op</span><span class="kc">t</span><span class="err">io</span><span class="kc">nal</span> <span class="err">selec</span><span class="kc">t</span><span class="err">or</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="err">vars</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">t</span><span class="err">imi</span><span class="kc">n</span><span class="err">g</span> <span class="err">...</span> <span class="nt">"switch"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">"media"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"(min-width: 320px)"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nt">"keyframes"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="err">...</span><span class="p">},</span> <span class="p">},</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">"supports"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"offset-distance: 0"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nt">"keyframes"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="err">...</span><span class="p">},</span> <span class="p">},</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="err">//</span> <span class="err">Op</span><span class="kc">t</span><span class="err">io</span><span class="kc">nal</span> <span class="err">de</span><span class="kc">fault</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">n</span><span class="err">o</span> <span class="err">co</span><span class="kc">n</span><span class="err">di</span><span class="kc">t</span><span class="err">io</span><span class="kc">nals</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p>The <code>amp-animation</code> component evaluates <code>switch</code> animation definitions in the defined order. It executes the first animation to match the condition and ignores the rest.</p> <p>In the example below, the animation runs motion-path animation if supported and falls back to transform:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">"selector"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"#target1"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nt">"duration"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"1s"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nt">"switch"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">"supports"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"offset-distance: 0"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nt">"keyframes"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">"offsetDistance"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"300px"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">},</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">"keyframes"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nt">"transform"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"300px"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <h3 id="combine-and-split-animations">Combine and split animations</h3> <p>Animations defined in <code>amp-animation</code> can reference each other. This ability allows combining multiple <code>amp-animation</code> declarations into a single animation. Splitting up animations into different <code>amp-animation</code> components allows the reuse of smaller animations, while enabling the same effect as nesting.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"anim1"</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"nodisplay"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"application/json"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"animation"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"anim2"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"duration"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"--scale"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"anim2"</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"nodisplay"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"application/json"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"selector"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">".target-class"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"keyframes"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"transform"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"scale(var(--scale))"</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p>The example animation above combines <code>"anim2"</code> animation as part of <code>"anim1"</code>. The <code>"anim2"</code> does not require a <code>selector</code> target. In such case, the included animation references its own target.</p> <p>Another form allows the including animation to provide the target or multiple targets. In that case, the included animation executes for each matched target.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"anim1"</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"nodisplay"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"application/json"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"selector"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">".target-class"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"animation"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"anim2"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"duration"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"--scale"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"anim2"</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"nodisplay"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"application/json"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="s2">"keyframes"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"transform"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="s2">"scale(var(--scale))"</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p>In the example above, <code>"anim2"</code> executes for each matched <code>".target-class"</code>. Variables and timing properties specified in the caller animation pass to the combined animation.</p> <h4 id="triggering-via-on-action">Triggering via on action</h4> <p>For instance:</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span> <span class="na">id</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"anim1"</span> <span class="na">layout</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"nodisplay"</span><span class="p">></span> ... <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">button</span> <span class="na">on</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"tap:anim1.start"</span><span class="p">></span>Animate<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">button</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <h3 id="accessibility-considerations-for-animations">Accessibility considerations for animations</h3> <p>If you are using animations to convey meaning or content, make sure that this is also conveyed in some other form for users who may not be able to see those animations. At the most basic level, make sure that your text content conveys the same information as the animation. For instance, if you're using an <code><amp-animation></code> to illustrate a sequence of steps in a process, make sure that there is also text (either on the same page, or in a linked page) that describes the same sequence of steps in words.</p> <p>Animations can't usually be paused/stopped by users. This can, depending on the type of animation, its size, and whether it loops/repeats or not, be a minor distraction, or a major problem for certain user groups - particularly, if the animation contains fast strobing color changes. In general, we recommend avoiding the use of large, infinitely repeating animations, unless you are certain that they won't have an adverse impact on users. Consider providing a control to allow users to pause an animation. Consider taking advantage of the <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/mediaqueries-5/#prefers-reduced-motion"><code>prefers-reduced-motion</code></a> <a href="#media-queries">media query</a>, and only having an animation take effect if the user has <em>not</em> indicated a preference for reduced motion/animations.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span> <span class="err">...</span> <span class="na">media</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"not (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="c"></span> ... <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p>You can take this further and provide separate, more subtle fallback animations to take effect when <code>prefers-reduced-motion: reduce</code> does evaluate to true, or split out smaller animations that should happen in all cases, regardless of the media feature.</p> <div class="-ta"><pre><span></span><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span> <span class="err">...</span> <span class="na">media</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)"</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="c"></span> ... <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span> <span class="err">...</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="c"></span> ... <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">amp-animation</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> <p>See <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-reduced-motion">MDN - <code>prefers-reduced-motion</code></a> and this introductory article on <a href="https://web.dev/prefers-reduced-motion/">web.dev - prefers-reduced-motion: Sometimes less movement is more</a> for further details.</p> <p>For animations that are not purely decorative/visual effects, but actually convey information, make sure that any important text and graphical/non-text elements have sufficient color contrast. See <a href="https://web.dev/color-and-contrast-accessibility/">web.dev color and contrast accessibility</a> for an introduction (primarily around text contrast) and <a href="https://knowbility.org/blog/2018/WCAG21-1411Contrast/">Knowbility: Exploring WCAG 2.1 — 1.4.11 Non‑text Contrast</a> for more details around non-text elements.</p> <h2 id="attributes">Attributes</h2> <h3 id="trigger"><code>trigger</code></h3> <p>Determines when the animation should be triggered. This must be set to <code>visibility</code> so the animation starts when a story page becomes visible and active.</p> <h3 id="layout"><code>layout</code></h3> <p>Should always be <code>nodisplay</code>.</p> <h3 id="id-(optional)"><code>id</code> (optional)</h3> <p>The <code>id</code> of the animation component. Used to reference the animation and chain a sequence of animations.</p> <h2 id="actions">Actions <a name="actions"></a></h2> <h3 id="start"><code>start</code></h3> <p>Starts the animation if it's not running already. Timing properties and variables. Can specify as action arguments. E.g. <code>anim1.start(delay=-100, --scale=2)</code>.</p> <h3 id="restart"><code>restart</code></h3> <p>Starts the animation or restarts the currently running one. Timing properties and variables. Can specify as action arguments. E.g. <code>anim1.start(delay=-100, --scale=2)</code>.</p> <h3 id="pause"><code>pause</code></h3> <p>Pauses the currently running animation.</p> <h3 id="resume"><code>resume</code></h3> <p>Resumes the currently running animation.</p> <h3 id="togglepause"><code>togglePause</code></h3> <p>Toggles pause/resume actions.</p> <h3 id="seekto"><code>seekTo</code></h3> <p>Pauses the animation and seeks to the point of time specified by the <code>time</code> argument in milliseconds or <code>percent</code> argument as a percentage point in the timeline.</p> <h3 id="reverse"><code>reverse</code></h3> <p>Reverses the animation.</p> <h3 id="finish"><code>finish</code></h3> <p>Finishes the animation.</p> <h3 id="cancel"><code>cancel</code></h3> <p>Cancels the animation.</p> <h2 id="amp-story-usage">amp-story usage</h2> <p>If you want to use <code><amp-animation></code> with <code><amp-story></code>, please note that you should use <code><amp-story-animation></code> instead. More information on how to use it at the <a href="https://github.com/ampproject/amphtml/blob/main/extensions/amp-story/amp-story.md#Advanced-animations">Advanced animations</a> section of the documentation.</p> <h2 id="validation">Validation</h2> <p>See <a href="https://github.com/ampproject/amphtml/blob/main/extensions/amp-animation/validator-amp-animation.protoascii"><code>amp-animation</code> rules</a> in the AMP validator specification.</p> </section> <section class="ap--help"> <div class="-ff"> <span class="-fl">Need more help?</span> <p class="-fh">You've read this document a dozen times but it doesn't really cover all of your questions? 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