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subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Questionnaire_revision-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Short_form" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Short_form"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Short form</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Short_form-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Household_Survey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Household_Survey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>National Household Survey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Household_Survey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voluntary_long-form_survey_controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voluntary_long-form_survey_controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Voluntary long-form survey controversy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voluntary_long-form_survey_controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reforms_since_2011" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reforms_since_2011"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Reforms since 2011</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reforms_since_2011-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Reforms since 2011 subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Reforms_since_2011-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Private_member's_bill" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Private_member's_bill"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Private member's bill</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Private_member's_bill-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2016_amendments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2016_amendments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>2016 amendments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2016_amendments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2015_reinstatement_of_Mandatory_Long_Form_Census" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2015_reinstatement_of_Mandatory_Long_Form_Census"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>2015 reinstatement of Mandatory Long Form Census</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2015_reinstatement_of_Mandatory_Long_Form_Census-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Data_releases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Data_releases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Data releases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Data_releases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population_and_dwellings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population_and_dwellings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Population and dwellings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population_and_dwellings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">2011 Canadian census</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="line-height:130%;"><hr /> <table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/2006_Canadian_census" title="2006 Canadian census">2006</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;" class=""><b>May 10, 2011</b></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/2016_Canadian_census" title="2016 Canadian census">2016</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table> <hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Canada_Census_2011_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/78/Canada_Census_2011_logo.png/220px-Canada_Census_2011_logo.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/78/Canada_Census_2011_logo.png 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="275" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Statistics_Canada_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Statistics_Canada_logo.svg/220px-Statistics_Canada_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Statistics_Canada_logo.svg/330px-Statistics_Canada_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Statistics_Canada_logo.svg/440px-Statistics_Canada_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="998" data-file-height="112" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align: center; background-color: #efefef; margin: 0.1em; padding: 0.05em 0;">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">Canada</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align: center; background-color: #efefef; margin: 0.1em; padding: 0.05em 0;">Results</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Total population</th><td class="infobox-data">33,476,688 (<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5.9%)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Most<span class="nowrap"> </span>populous<span class="nowrap"> </span><wbr />province/territory</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> (12,851,821)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Least<span class="nowrap"> </span>populous<span class="nowrap"> </span><wbr />province/territory</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nunavut" title="Nunavut">Nunavut</a> (31,906)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>2011 Canadian census</b> was a detailed enumeration of the <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canadian</a> population on May 10, 2011. <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a>, an agency of the Canadian government, conducts a nationwide <a href="/wiki/Census" title="Census">census</a> every five years. In 2011, it consisted of a mandatory short form census questionnaire and an inaugural National Household Survey (NHS),<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a voluntary survey which replaced the mandatory long form census questionnaire; this substitution was the focus of <a href="/wiki/Canadian_census_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian census controversy">much controversy</a>. Completion of the (short form) census is mandatory for all Canadians, and those who do not complete it may face penalties ranging from fines to prison sentences.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Act" title="Statistics Act">Statistics Act</a> mandates a <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Canada" title="Senate of Canada">Senate</a> and/or <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons</a> (joint) committee review of the opt-in clause (for the release of one's census records after 92 years) by 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2011 census was the fifteenth decennial census and, like other censuses, was required by section 8 of the <i><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Act,_1867" title="Constitution Act, 1867">Constitution Act, 1867</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As with other decennial censuses, the data was used to <a href="/wiki/Canadian_federal_electoral_redistribution,_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian federal electoral redistribution, 2012">adjust federal electoral district boundaries</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of August 24, 2011, Canada's overall collection response rate was 98.1%,<sup id="cite_ref-2011ResponseRates_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011ResponseRates-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> up over a percentage point from 96.5% in the <a href="/wiki/2006_Canadian_census" title="2006 Canadian census">2006 census</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2006ResponseRates_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2006ResponseRates-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward_Island" title="Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a> each held the highest response rate at 98.3%, while <a href="/wiki/Nunavut" title="Nunavut">Nunavut</a> held the lowest response rate at 92.7%.<sup id="cite_ref-2011ResponseRates_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011ResponseRates-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an article in the <i>New York Times</i> in August 2015, journalist Stephen Marche argued that by ending the mandatory long-form census in 2011, the federal government "stripped Canada of its capacity to gather information about itself" in the "age of information." Nearly 500 organizations in Canada, including the Canadian Medical Association, the Canadian Chamber of Commerce, the Canadian Federation of Students, and the Canadian Catholic Council of Bishops protested the decision to replace the long form census in 2011 with a shorter version.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT_closed_mind_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_closed_mind-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Questionnaire_revision">Questionnaire revision</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Canadian_census&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Questionnaire revision"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Short_form">Short form</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Canadian_census&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Short form"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The original schedule of the short-form questions for the 2011 Census of Population was published in the <a href="/wiki/Canada_Gazette" title="Canada Gazette">Canada Gazette</a>, Part I on August 21, 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-gazette1_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gazette1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2011 census consisted of the same eight questions that appeared on the 2006 census short-form questionnaire, with the addition of two questions on language.<sup id="cite_ref-language_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-language-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The federal <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Industry_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Industry (Canada)">Minister of Industry</a> <a href="/wiki/Tony_Clement" title="Tony Clement">Tony Clement</a>'s announcement that questions about language would appear on the mandatory short-form census came in response to a lawsuit brought by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Federation_of_Francophone_and_Acadian_Communities&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Federation of Francophone and Acadian Communities (page does not exist)">Federation of Francophone and Acadian Communities</a>, which claimed that the voluntary status of the long-form census would impact language-related government services.<sup id="cite_ref-gazette1_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gazette1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to possible questions on activity limitation,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> various organizations called for the following changes to the 2011 census: </p> <ul><li>Adding "Aboriginal identifier" to the short form (already found on the long form).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Relationship of same-sex married couples.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Place of work and transportation-related questions.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Food security questions.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_Household_Survey">National Household Survey</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Canadian_census&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: National Household Survey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The National Household Survey (NHS) began within four weeks of the May 2011 census and included approximately 4.5 million households.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The information collected by the NHS was intended to replace the data from the previous long-form census questionnaire. </p><p>Various industry professionals indicated that the data collected by the NHS is not comparable with the data previously collected by the long form questionnaire.<sup id="cite_ref-biasedinfo_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biasedinfo-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of the same professionals indicated that the data gathered by a voluntary survey would not be of the same quality as the previous mandatory long form.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voluntary_long-form_survey_controversy">Voluntary long-form survey controversy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Canadian_census&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Voluntary long-form survey controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ahead of the 2011 census, the Conservative government announced that the long-form questionnaire would no longer be mandatory. This decision was made by the June 17, 2010 <a href="/wiki/Order_in_Council" title="Order in Council">Order in Council</a>, created by the Minister of Industry, defining the questions for the 2011 census as including only the short-form questions. This was published in the <i><a href="/wiki/Canada_Gazette" title="Canada Gazette">Canada Gazette</a></i> on June 26, 2010;<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, a news release was not issued by Minister of Industry Tony Clement until July 13, 2010. This release stated in part "The government will retain the mandatory short form that will collect basic demographic information. To meet the need for additional information, and to respect the privacy wishes of Canadians, the government has introduced the voluntary National Household Survey."<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On July 30, 2010, Statistics Canada published a description of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110603225424/http://www.statcan.gc.ca/survey-enquete/household-menages/5178-eng.htm">National Household Survey</a>, intended to be sent to about 4.5 million households. Industry minister <a href="/wiki/Tony_Clement" title="Tony Clement">Tony Clement</a> stated that the change to voluntary forms was made because of privacy-related complaints, though he acknowledged that the decision was made without consulting organizations and governments that work closely with Statistics Canada. Clement had previously said that this change was made on the advice of Statistics Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> The move was criticized by a number of organizations and individuals and was the subject of some satirical articles.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Fellegi" title="Ivan Fellegi">Ivan Fellegi</a>, the former <a href="/wiki/Chief_Statistician_of_Canada" title="Chief Statistician of Canada">Chief Statistician of Canada</a>, originally appointed in 1985 by the Progressive Conservative government of Brian Mulroney, said that he would have quit his job if the government had taken this change during his tenure. He claims that those who are most vulnerable (such as the poor, new immigrants, and Aboriginal peoples) are least likely to respond to a voluntary form, which weakens information about those demographic groups.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Munir_Sheikh" title="Munir Sheikh">Munir Sheikh</a>, Fellegi's successor as Chief Statistician appointed by Conservative Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Harper" title="Stephen Harper">Stephen Harper</a> on February 15, 2008,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> resigned on July 21, 2010 in protest of the Conservative government's change in policy.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a public letter, Sheikh wrote that he could not legally comment on what advice he had given the government regarding the census, but he did comment against the government's decision, writing: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>I want to take this opportunity to comment on a technical statistical issue which has become the subject of media discussion. This relates to the question of whether a voluntary survey can become a substitute for a mandatory census. It cannot.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The <a href="/wiki/National_Citizens_Coalition" title="National Citizens Coalition">National Citizens Coalition</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Institute" title="Fraser Institute">Fraser Institute</a> supported the change.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There were groups against the change from all parts of the political spectrum, and including the <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Canadian_Municipalities" title="Federation of Canadian Municipalities">Federation of Canadian Municipalities</a>; <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Provinces_Economic_Council" title="Atlantic Provinces Economic Council">Atlantic Provinces Economic Council</a>; <a href="/wiki/City_of_Toronto_government" class="mw-redirect" title="City of Toronto government">City of Toronto government</a>; <a href="/wiki/National_Statistics_Council" title="National Statistics Council">National Statistics Council</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Jewish_Congress" title="Canadian Jewish Congress">Canadian Jewish Congress</a>; <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Fellowship_of_Canada" title="Evangelical Fellowship of Canada">Evangelical Fellowship of Canada</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Conference_of_Catholic_Bishops" title="Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops">Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-theglobeandmail1_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theglobeandmail1-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Medical_Association" title="Canadian Medical Association">Canadian Medical Association</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Statistical_Society_of_Canada" title="Statistical Society of Canada">Statistical Society of Canada</a>; the <a href="/wiki/American_Statistical_Association" title="American Statistical Association">American Statistical Association</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Registered_Nurses_Association_of_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Registered Nurses Association of Ontario">Registered Nurses Association of Ontario</a>; <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Conference_of_the_Arts" title="Canadian Conference of the Arts">Canadian Conference of the Arts</a>; and the governments of Ontario, <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a>, Prince Edward Island, and <a href="/wiki/Manitoba" title="Manitoba">Manitoba</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 19, 2010, representatives from several institutions signed <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/34547395/Read-the-full-text-of-the-letter-here">a letter</a> expressing their disapproval of the change and their desire to speak to Clement to find another solution. The organizations represented were: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <ul><li>Canadian Association for Business Economics</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Nurses_Association" title="Canadian Nurses Association">Canadian Nurses Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caledon_Institute_of_Social_Policy" title="Caledon Institute of Social Policy">Caledon Institute of Social Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Institute_of_Planners" title="Canadian Institute of Planners">Canadian Institute of Planners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Research_on_Public_Policy" title="Institute for Research on Public Policy">Institute for Research on Public Policy</a></li> <li>Ontario Council of Agencies Serving Immigrants</li> <li>Co-operative Housing Federation of Canada</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Labour_Congress" title="Canadian Labour Congress">Canadian Labour Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_West_Foundation" title="Canada West Foundation">Canada West Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Way_of_Canada" title="United Way of Canada">United Way of Canada</a></li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <ul><li>Glendon School of Public and International Affairs</li> <li>National Specialty Society for Community Medicine</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environics_Analytics" class="mw-redirect" title="Environics Analytics">Environics Analytics</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto_School_of_Public_Policy_and_Governance" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Toronto School of Public Policy and Governance">University of Toronto School of Public Policy and Governance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rotman_School_of_Management" title="Rotman School of Management">Rotman School of Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanos_Research" title="Nanos Research">Nanos Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Public_Health_Association" title="Canadian Public Health Association">Canadian Public Health Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Association_of_University_Teachers" title="Canadian Association of University Teachers">Canadian Association of University Teachers</a></li> <li>Canadian Council on Social Development</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Economic_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Economic Association">Canadian Economic Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Board_of_Trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Toronto Board of Trade">Toronto Board of Trade</a></li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>A House of Commons <a href="/wiki/Canadian_House_of_Commons_Standing_Committee_on_Industry,_Science_and_Technology" title="Canadian House of Commons Standing Committee on Industry, Science and Technology">industry committee</a> special hearing on July 27, 2010 heard that during the previous census, out of approximately 12 million forms, 166 complaints were known to be received directly or indirectly.<sup id="cite_ref-theglobeandmail1_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theglobeandmail1-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In answer to Clement's claim that those who do not fill out the census risk jail time, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Layton" title="Jack Layton">Jack Layton</a>, leader of the national <a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Party_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="New Democratic Party of Canada">New Democratic Party</a>, noted that in the entire history of the census, the government had not prosecuted and jailed a single person for failing to complete the census, and pointed out that the threat could be removed entirely by amending the legislation so that incarceration is no longer a penalty for refusal to complete the census.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response, the government announced plans to introduce legislation to remove the threat of jail time for anyone refusing to fill out any mandatory government surveys.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some groups have argued that the decision was motivated by a wish to destroy a useful tool for social advocacy, by making it harder to identify and count disadvantaged groups.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the Conservative government maintains that its reasoning for the cancellation is that they do not believe it is appropriate to force Canadians to divulge detailed personal information under threat of prosecution.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 20, 2010, Statistics Canada predicted that a voluntary long-form would result in a decline of total respondents from 94% to 50%. Consequently, they expect a "substantial risk of non-response bias" and plan to "[adapt their] data collection and other procedures to mitigate as much as possible against these risks." The response rate also led them to predict an increased risk of <a href="/wiki/Sampling_error" title="Sampling error">sampling errors</a>, because only 16% of the Canadian population would be surveyed, as opposed to 19% under a mandatory long-form similar to the one in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government announced in August 2010 that it would spend<a href="/wiki/Canadian_dollar" title="Canadian dollar">$</a>30 million on a campaign aimed at increasing the response rate to the voluntary form, but information released by Statistics Canada in December 2010 revealed that half of this money would be required for tasks unrelated to the promotional campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Criticism of the National Household Survey re-emerged in 2013 following the release of the first set of results from the survey.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reforms_since_2011">Reforms since 2011</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Canadian_census&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Reforms since 2011"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Private_member's_bill"><span id="Private_member.27s_bill"></span>Private member's bill</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Canadian_census&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Private member's bill"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In September 2014, Liberal MP <a href="/wiki/Ted_Hsu" title="Ted Hsu">Ted Hsu</a> introduced <a href="/wiki/Private_member%27s_bill" title="Private member's bill">private member's bill</a> "Bill C-626, An Act to amend the Statistics Act" with the intention of appointing a Chief Statistician and reinstatement of the long-form census in Canada. Despite wide support<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as often happens with private bills, this failed (at Second Reading), in February 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2016_amendments">2016 amendments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Canadian_census&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2016 amendments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the election of the liberal government of <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a>, the Minister of Innovation, Science and Economic Development introduced in the House of Commons Bill C-36, An Act to Amend the Statistics Act on December 7, 2016. The amendments were passed by Royal Assent on December 13, 2017. The Government of Canada press release stated that the amendments were made to the Statistics Act to "ensure that decisions on statistical matters are transparent and are based on professional considerations."<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Act" title="Statistics Act">Statistics Act</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2015_reinstatement_of_Mandatory_Long_Form_Census">2015 reinstatement of Mandatory Long Form Census</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Canadian_census&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 2015 reinstatement of Mandatory Long Form Census"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One day after its election in November 2015, the new Liberal government reinstated the mandatory census long form <sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it was used in the 2016 census.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Data_releases">Data releases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Canadian_census&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Data releases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1216972533"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <dl><dt>Census of Population</dt></dl> <p>The results of short form were released among five census topics on the following dates in 2012:<sup id="cite_ref-releasedates_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-releasedates-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Population and dwelling counts – February 8, 2012;</li> <li>Age and sex – May 29, 2012;</li> <li>Families, households and marital status – September 19, 2012;</li> <li>Structural type of dwelling and collectives – September 19, 2012; and</li> <li>Language – October 24, 2012.</li></ul> <dl><dt>Census of Agriculture</dt></dl> <p>Farm and farm operator data from the Census of Agriculture was released on May 10, 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-releasedates_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-releasedates-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <dl><dt>National Household Survey (NHS)</dt></dl> <p>The release dates of the five NHS topics occur on the following dates in 2013:<sup id="cite_ref-NHSreleasedates_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHSreleasedates-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Aboriginal peoples – May 8, 2013;</li> <li>Immigration and ethnocultural diversity – May 8, 2013;</li> <li>Education and labour – June 26, 2013;</li> <li>Mobility and migration – June 26, 2013; and</li> <li>Income and housing – August 14, 2013.</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population_and_dwellings">Population and dwellings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Canadian_census&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Population and dwellings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align: center;">Rank </th> <th style="text-align: center;">Province or territory </th> <th style="text-align: center;" data-sort-type="number">Population as of<br />2011 census </th> <th style="text-align: center;" data-sort-type="number">Population as of<br />2006 census </th> <th style="text-align: center;" data-sort-type="number">Change </th> <th style="text-align: center;" data-sort-type="number">Percent<br />change </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> </td> <td>12,851,821 </td> <td>12,160,282 </td> <td>691,539 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>5.7 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a> </td> <td>7,903,001 </td> <td>7,546,131 </td> <td>356,870 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>4.7 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a> </td> <td>4,400,057 </td> <td>4,113,487 </td> <td>286,570 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>7.0 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a> </td> <td>3,645,257 </td> <td>3,290,350 </td> <td>354,907 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>10.8 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Manitoba" title="Manitoba">Manitoba</a> </td> <td>1,208,268 </td> <td>1,148,401 </td> <td>59,867 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>5.2 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Saskatchewan" title="Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a> </td> <td>1,033,381 </td> <td>968,157 </td> <td>65,224 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>6.7 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a> </td> <td>921,727 </td> <td>913,462 </td> <td>8,265 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>0.9 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a> </td> <td>751,171 </td> <td>729,997 </td> <td>21,174 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>2.9 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador</a> </td> <td>514,536 </td> <td>505,469 </td> <td>9,067 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>1.8 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward_Island" title="Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a> </td> <td>140,204 </td> <td>135,851 </td> <td>4,353 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>3.2 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Territories" title="Northwest Territories">Northwest Territories</a> </td> <td>41,462 </td> <td>41,464 </td> <td>−2 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>0.0 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Yukon" title="Yukon">Yukon</a> </td> <td>33,897 </td> <td>30,372 </td> <td>3,525 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>11.6 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Nunavut" title="Nunavut">Nunavut</a> </td> <td>31,906 </td> <td>29,474 </td> <td>2,432 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>8.3 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th> </th> <th style="text-align: left;">Canada </th> <th>33,476,688 </th> <th>31,612,897 </th> <th>1,863,791 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </th> <th>5.9 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Canadian_census&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Canada" title="Demographics of Canada">Demographics of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statistics_Act" title="Statistics Act">Statistics Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_Canada" title="Elections Canada">Elections Canada</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Canadian_census&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output 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rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110603225426/http://www.gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p1/2010/2010-06-26/html/order-decret-eng.html">Census of Agriculture and Census of Population questions</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p1/2010/2010-06-26/pdf/g1-14426.pdf">(PDF)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110809041130/http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/NHS-ENM/ref/Questionnaires/2011NHS-ENM-eng.cfm">National Household Survey questions</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101202033352/http://www.statcan.gc.ca/survey-enquete/household-menages/pdf/nhs-enm-quest-eng.pdf">(PDF)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2011/consultation/forum/Index-eng.cfm">2011 Census dissemination discussion forum</a> (Statistics Canada)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2011/consultation/DissDiffGuide/index-eng.cfm">2011 Census and Geography Dissemination Guide</a> (Statistics Canada)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2011/consultation/ContentReport-RapportContenu/index-eng.cfm">2011 Census Content Consultation Report</a> (Statistics Canada)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/reference/consultation/92-136/index.cfm">2011 Census Content Consultation Guide</a> (Statistics Canada)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Canadian_censuses" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Canadian_censuses" title="Template:Canadian censuses"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canadian_censuses" title="Template talk:Canadian censuses"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian_censuses" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian censuses"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Canadian_censuses" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Census_in_Canada" title="Census in Canada">Canadian censuses</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1871_Canadian_census" title="1871 Canadian census">1871</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1881_Canadian_census" title="1881 Canadian census">1881</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1891_Canadian_census" title="1891 Canadian census">1891</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1901_Canadian_census" title="1901 Canadian census">1901</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1911_Canadian_census" title="1911 Canadian census">1911</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1921_Canadian_census" title="1921 Canadian census">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_Canadian_census" title="1931 Canadian census">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Canadian_census" title="1941 Canadian census">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_Canadian_census" title="1951 Canadian census">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Canadian_census" title="1956 Canadian census">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_Canadian_census" title="1961 Canadian census">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Canadian_census" title="1966 Canadian census">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Canadian_census" title="1971 Canadian census">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Canadian_census" title="1976 Canadian census">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Canadian_census" title="1981 Canadian census">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Canadian_census" title="1986 Canadian census">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Canadian_census" title="1991 Canadian census">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Canadian_census" title="1996 Canadian census">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Canadian_census" title="2001 Canadian census">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Canadian_census" title="2006 Canadian census">2006</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Canadian_census" title="2016 Canadian census">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Canadian_census" title="2021 Canadian census">2021</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2026_Canadian_census" title="2026 Canadian census">2026</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1906_Canadian_census" title="1906 Canadian census">1906</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Canadian_census" title="1916 Canadian census">1916</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Canadian_census" title="1926 Canadian census">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Canadian_census" title="1936 Canadian census">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Canadian_census" title="1946 Canadian census">1946</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-1871</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1666_census_of_New_France" title="1666 census of New France">1666 (New France)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1825_census_of_Lower_Canada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1825 census of Lower Canada (page does not exist)">1825 (Lower Canada)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1831_census_of_Lower_Canada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1831 census of Lower Canada (page does not exist)">1831 (Lower Canada)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1842_census_of_Canada_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1842 census of Canada East (page does not exist)">1842 (Canada East)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1842_census_of_Canada_West&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1842 census of Canada West (page does not exist)">1842 (Canada West)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1851_Canadian_census&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1851 Canadian census (page does not exist)">1851 (Canada East, Canada West, New Brunswick & Nova Scotia)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1861_Canadian_census&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1861 Canadian census (page does not exist)">1861 (Canada East, Canada West, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia & Prince Edward Is.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_census_of_Manitoba" title="1870 census of Manitoba">1870 (Manitoba)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Early local</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censuses_in_Quebec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censuses in Quebec (page does not exist)">Quebec (1640–1880)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censuses_in_Acadia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censuses in Acadia (page does not exist)">Acadia (1671–1763)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censuses_in_Newfoundland_and_Labrador&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censuses in Newfoundland and Labrador (page does not exist)">Newfoundland and Labrador (1671–1945)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1921_census_of_Newfoundland" title="1921 census of Newfoundland">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_census_of_Newfoundland" title="1945 census of Newfoundland">1945</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censuses_in_Ontario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censuses in Ontario (page does not exist)">Ontario (1719–1907)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censuses_in_Nova_Scotia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censuses in Nova Scotia (page does not exist)">Nova Scotia (1767–1838)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censuses_in_New_Brunswick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censuses in New Brunswick (page does not exist)">New Brunswick (1773–1848)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censuses_in_Prince_Edward_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censuses in Prince Edward Island (page does not exist)">Prince Edward Is. (1787–1871)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1871_census_of_Prince_Edward_Island" title="1871 census of Prince Edward Island">1871</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censuses_in_Manitoba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censuses in Manitoba (page does not exist)">Manitoba (1827–1856)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censuses_in_British_Columbia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censuses in British Columbia (page does not exist)">British Columbia (1870–1891)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censuses_of_First_Nations_bands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censuses of First Nations bands (page does not exist)">First Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Census_of_Agriculture" title="Canadian Census of Agriculture">Census of Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_census_in_Canada" title="Municipal census in Canada">Municipal censuses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_Bureau_of_Statistics" title="Dominion Bureau of Statistics">Dominion Bureau of Statistics</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Statistics_Act" title="Statistics Act">Statistics Act</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Census_geographic_units_of_Canada" title="Census geographic units of Canada">Census geographic units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Census_family" title="Census family">Census family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Population_of_Canada#Population_by_years" title="Population of Canada">Population by years</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_largest_municipalities_in_Canada_by_population" title="List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population">Population by municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_Canadian_cities_by_census" title="List of largest Canadian cities by census">Largest cities by census</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethnic_origins_of_people_in_Canada" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Canadian_people" title="Template:Canadian people"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canadian_people" title="Template talk:Canadian people"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian_people" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian people"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ethnic_origins_of_people_in_Canada" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_origins_of_people_in_Canada" title="Ethnic origins of people in Canada">Ethnic origins of people in Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canada</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_in_Canada" title="Indigenous peoples in Canada">Indigenous</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Nations_in_Canada" title="First Nations in Canada">First Nations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_First_Nations_band_governments" title="List of First Nations band governments">by band</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuit" title="Inuit">Inuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tis_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Métis in Canada">Métis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_ethnicity" title="Canadian ethnicity">Canadian ethnicity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Canadians" title="French Canadians">French Canadians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acadians" title="Acadians">Acadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois_people" title="Québécois people">Québécois</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Canadians" title="British Canadians">British</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_Canadians" title="English Canadians">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Canadians" title="Scottish Canadians">Scottish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Canadians" title="Welsh Canadians">Welsh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newfoundlander" class="mw-redirect" title="Newfoundlander">Newfoundlander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Canadians" title="Irish Canadians">Irish Canadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Loyalist#Nova_Scotia" title="Black Loyalist">Black Loyalist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Black_Canadians" title="Black Canadians">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Horn of Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_Canadians" title="Eritrean Canadians">Eritrean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Canadians" title="Ethiopian Canadians">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Canadians" title="Somali Canadians">Somali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">North Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berber_Canadians" title="Berber Canadians">Berber</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_Canadians" title="Algerian Canadians">Algerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Canadians" title="Libyan Canadians">Libyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_Canadians" title="Moroccan Canadians">Moroccan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_Canadians" title="Tunisian Canadians">Tunisian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Canadians" title="Coptic Canadians">Coptic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Canadians" title="Egyptian Canadians">Egyptian</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">East Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudanese_Canadians" title="South Sudanese Canadians">South Sudanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_Canadians" title="Sudanese Canadians">Sudanese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Southern Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Canadians" title="South African Canadians">South African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwean_Canadians" title="Zimbabwean Canadians">Zimbabwean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">West Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghanaian_Canadians" title="Ghanaian Canadians">Ghanaian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Canadians" title="Nigerian Canadians">Nigerian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_Canadians" title="Igbo Canadians">Igbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_Canadians" title="Yoruba Canadians">Yoruba</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Canadians" title="American Canadians">American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Canadians" title="Mexican Canadians">Mexican</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Caribbean</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbadian_Canadians" title="Barbadian Canadians">Barbadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuban Canadians">Cuban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Dominican Canadians">Dominican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyanese_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Guyanese Canadians">Guyanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Canadians" title="Haitian Canadians">Haitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Canadians" title="Jamaican Canadians">Jamaican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican Canadians">Puerto Rican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidadian_and_Tobagonian_Canadians" title="Trinidadian and Tobagonian Canadians">Trinidadian and Tobagonian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Central and South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Argentine Canadians">Argentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazilian Canadians">Brazilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilean Canadians">Chilean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Colombian Canadians">Colombian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Guatemalan Canadians">Guatemalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Peruvian Canadians">Peruvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Salvadoran Canadians">Salvadoran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Uruguayan Canadians">Uruguayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezuelan Canadians">Venezuelan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asian_Canadians" title="Asian Canadians">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/West_Asian_Canadians" title="West Asian Canadians">Central Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Canadians" title="Afghan Canadians">Afghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Canadians" title="Kazakh Canadians">Kazakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Canadians" title="Tajik Canadians">Tajik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatar_Canadians" title="Tatar Canadians">Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Canadians" title="Uzbek Canadians">Uzbek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Canadians" title="East Asian Canadians">East Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Canadians" title="Chinese Canadians">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Canadians" title="Hong Kong Canadians">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Canadians" title="Japanese Canadians">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Canadians" title="Korean Canadians">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Canadians" title="Mongolian Canadians">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Canadians" title="Taiwanese Canadians">Taiwanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Canadians" title="Tibetan Canadians">Tibetan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Canadians" title="South Asian Canadians">South Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_Canadians" title="Bangladeshi Canadians">Bangladeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Canadians">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Indian_Canadians" title="Anglo-Indian Canadians">Anglo-Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Canadians" title="Tamil Canadians">Tamil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Canadians" title="Nepalese Canadians">Nepali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Canadians" title="Pakistani Canadians">Pakistani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_Canadians" title="Punjabi Canadians">Punjabi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Canada" title="Romani people in Canada">Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Canadians" title="Sri Lankan Canadians">Sri Lankan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asian_Canadians" title="Southeast Asian Canadians">Southeast Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Canadians" title="Cambodian Canadians">Cambodian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_Canadians" title="Filipino Canadians">Filipino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Canadians" title="Indonesian Canadians">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laotian_Canadians" title="Laotian Canadians">Laotian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Canadians" title="Malaysian Canadians">Malaysian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singaporean_Canadians" title="Singaporean Canadians">Singaporean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_Canadians" title="Thai Canadians">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Canadians" title="Vietnamese Canadians">Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/West_Asian_Canadians" title="West Asian Canadians">West Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Canadians" title="Arab Canadians">Arab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Canadians" title="Iraqi Canadians">Iraqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_Canadians" title="Jordanian Canadians">Jordanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Canadians" title="Lebanese Canadians">Lebanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Canadians" title="Palestinian Canadians">Palestinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Canadians" title="Saudi Canadians">Saudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Canadians" title="Syrian Canadians">Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Canadians" title="Yemeni Canadians">Yemeni</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Canadians" title="Armenian Canadians">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Canadians" title="Assyrian Canadians">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Canadians" title="Azerbaijani Canadians">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Canadians" title="Iranian Canadians">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Canada" title="History of the Jews in Canada">Jewish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Canadians" title="Israeli Canadians">Israeli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_Canadians" title="Kurdish Canadians">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Canadians" title="Turkish Canadians">Turkish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Canadians" title="European Canadians">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Central Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Canadians" title="Austrian Canadians">Austrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Canadians" title="Czech Canadians">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Canadians" title="German Canadians">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Canadians" title="Hungarian Canadians">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Canadians" title="Polish Canadians">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Canadians" title="Slovak Canadians">Slovak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovene_Canadians" title="Slovene Canadians">Slovenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Canadians" title="Swiss Canadians">Swiss</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Eastern Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Canadians" title="Belarusian Canadians">Belarusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Canadians" title="Russian Canadians">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Canadians" title="Ukrainian Canadians">Ukrainian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Northern Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_and_Scandinavian_Canadians" title="Nordic and Scandinavian Canadians">Nordic and Scandinavian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Canadians" title="Danish Canadians">Danish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Canadians" title="Finnish Canadians">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Canadians" title="Icelandic Canadians">Icelandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Canadians" title="Norwegian Canadians">Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Canadians" title="Swedish Canadians">Swedish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Canadians" title="Estonian Canadians">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Canadians" title="Latvian Canadians">Latvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Canadians" title="Lithuanian Canadians">Lithuanian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Southeast Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian Canadians">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Canadians" title="Bosnian Canadians">Bosnian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Canadians" title="Bulgarian Canadians">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Canadians" title="Croatian Canadians">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Canadians" title="Greek Canadians">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Canadians" title="Macedonian Canadians">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_Canadians" title="Montenegrin Canadians">Montenegrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Canadians" title="Romanian Canadians">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Canadians" title="Serbian Canadians">Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Canadians" title="Yugoslav Canadians">Yugoslav</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Southern Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Canadians" title="Italian Canadians">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltese_Canadians" title="Maltese Canadians">Maltese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Canadians" title="Portuguese Canadians">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Canadians" title="Spanish Canadians">Spanish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basque_Canadians" title="Basque Canadians">Basque</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Western Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Canadians" title="Belgian Canadians">Belgian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Flemish Canadians">Flemish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Canadians" title="British Canadians">British</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_Canadians" title="Cornish Canadians">Cornish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Canadians" title="English Canadians">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotch-Irish_Canadians" title="Scotch-Irish Canadians">Scotch-Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Canadians" title="Scottish Canadians">Scottish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Canadians" title="Welsh Canadians">Welsh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Canadians" title="Dutch Canadians">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Canadians" title="French Canadians">French</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acadians" title="Acadians">Acadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breton_Canadians" title="Breton Canadians">Breton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois_people" title="Québécois people">Québécois</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Canadian">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourgish_Canadians" title="Luxembourgish Canadians">Luxembourger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oceanian_Canadians" title="Oceanian Canadians">Oceania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Canadians" title="Australian 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