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Ройгонафзор — Википедия
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Available in 57 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">57 забон</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="برمجيات مجانية – арабӣ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="برمجيات مجانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_gratis" title="Software gratis – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Software gratis" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havay%C4%B1_proqram_t%C9%99minat%C4%B1" title="Havayı proqram təminatı – озарбойҷонӣ" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Havayı proqram təminatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="озарбойҷонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Безплатен софтуер – булғорӣ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Безплатен софтуер" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="булғорӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="फ्रीवेयर – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="फ्रीवेयर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – бретонӣ" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – босниягӣ" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босниягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programari_gratu%C3%AFt" title="Programari gratuït – каталонӣ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Programari gratuït" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – чехӣ" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чехӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – даниягӣ" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="даниягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – немисӣ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немисӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – юнонӣ" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="юнонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – англисӣ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англисӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senpaga_programaro" title="Senpaga programaro – эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Senpaga programaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_gratis" title="Software gratis – испанӣ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Software gratis" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasuta_tarkvara" title="Tasuta tarkvara – эстонӣ" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tasuta tarkvara" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – баскӣ" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="رایگانافزار – форсӣ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رایگانافزار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="форсӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmaisohjelma" title="Ilmaisohjelma – финӣ" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ilmaisohjelma" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – франсузӣ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="франсузӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA" title="תוכנה חינמית – ибронӣ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תוכנה חינמית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ибронӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="फ्रीवेयर – ҳиндӣ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फ्रीवेयर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ҳиндӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – хорватӣ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – маҷорӣ" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="маҷорӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – Байни забонӣ" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Байни забонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perangkat_lunak_gratis" title="Perangkat lunak gratis – индонезӣ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perangkat lunak gratis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – италиявӣ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиявӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%82%A2" title="フリーウェア – японӣ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フリーウェア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%9B%A8%EC%96%B4" title="프리웨어 – кореягӣ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프리웨어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="кореягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – люксембургӣ" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemokama_programin%C4%97_%C4%AFranga" title="Nemokama programinė įranga – литвонӣ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nemokama programinė įranga" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bezmaksas_programmat%C5%ABra" title="Bezmaksas programmatūra – латишӣ" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bezmaksas programmatūra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латишӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Бесплатна програмска опрема – мақдунӣ" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бесплатна програмска опрема" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="мақдунӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BC" title="ഫ്രീവെയർ – малаяламӣ" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഫ്രീവെയർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаяламӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – муғулӣ" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="муғулӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perisian_percuma" title="Perisian percuma – малайӣ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perisian percuma" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%96%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9D%E1%80%B2%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA" title="ဖရီးဝဲလ် – бирманӣ" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဖရီးဝဲလ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирманӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – голландӣ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="голландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – лаҳистонӣ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="лаҳистонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_gratuito" title="Software gratuito – португалӣ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Software gratuito" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanqalla_kaq" title="Yanqalla kaq – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yanqalla kaq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – руминӣ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="руминӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Бесплатное программное обеспечение – русӣ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бесплатное программное обеспечение" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="русӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – словакӣ" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словакӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brezpla%C4%8Dna_programska_oprema" title="Brezplačna programska oprema – словенӣ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Brezplačna programska oprema" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Фривер – сербӣ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Фривер" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gratisprogram" title="Gratisprogram – шведӣ" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gratisprogram" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="இலவசமென்பொருள் – тамилӣ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இலவசமென்பொருள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ฟรีแวร์ – тайӣ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟรีแวร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Ccretsiz_yaz%C4%B1l%C4%B1m" title="Ücretsiz yazılım – туркӣ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ücretsiz yazılım" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="туркӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Безплатне програмне забезпечення – украинӣ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Безплатне програмне забезпечення" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%A7n_m%E1%BB%81m_mi%E1%BB%85n_ph%C3%AD" title="Phần mềm miễn phí – ветнамӣ" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phần mềm miễn phí" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ветнамӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E8%B2%BB%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94" title="免費軟體 – хитоӣ" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="免費軟體" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="хитоӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%C3%A1n-h%C3%B9i_n%C5%84g-th%C3%A9" title="Bián-hùi nńg-thé – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bián-hùi nńg-thé" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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.ts-Қуттии_ҳамагонӣ-original{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ts-Қуттии_ҳамагонӣ-label{width:9em}.mw-parser-output .ts-Қуттии_ҳамагонӣ-split{vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ts-Қуттии_ҳамагонӣ-error{background:#fee7e6;border-color:#b32424}</style> <table cellspacing="2" class="infobox" data-name="Қуттии ҳамагонӣ"> <tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-above ts-Қуттии_ҳамагонӣ-above"><center>Ройгонафзор</center></td></tr> <tr><th class="infobox-label ts-Қуттии_ҳамагонӣ-label">Иҷозатнома</th><td class="infobox-text"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q178285$00e33904-46d1-9f18-ae37-0c438b5dd4db" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P275"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%83%D2%9B%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B8+%D0%BC%D1%83%D2%B7%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B8%D2%B3%D0%BE%D3%A3&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q725920&preloadparams%5B%5D=%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%83%D2%9B%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B8+%D0%BC%D1%83%D2%B7%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B8%D2%B3%D0%BE%D3%A3&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">тавофуқномаи муҷози корбари ниҳоӣ</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725920" class="extiw" title="d:Q725920">[d]</a></sup></span></span></td></tr> <tr><th class="infobox-label ts-Қуттии_ҳамагонӣ-label">Муқобили</th><td class="infobox-text"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q178285$ef55d4c2-49dc-69ad-8d84-6068153df40b" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P461"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8+%D1%82%D0%B8%D2%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D3%A3&action=edit&editintro=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/editintro&preload=Шаблон:Мақола_нест/preload&preloadparams%5B%5D=Q1340793&preloadparams%5B%5D=%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8+%D1%82%D0%B8%D2%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D3%A3&preloadparams%5B%5D=Қуттии+ҳамагонӣ"><span style="color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333); text-decoration: inherit; text-decoration-color: var(--color-destructive, #d73333);">нармафзори тиҷорӣ</span></a></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340793" class="extiw" title="d:Q1340793">[d]</a></sup></span></span></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below ts-Қуттии_ҳамагонӣ-below"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q178285$93059A07-3505-4878-BD46-FEC3DB42C861" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P373"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Free_software" title="commons:Category:Free software"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Free_software" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Free software">Парвандаҳо дар Викианбор</a></span></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Ройгонафзор</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ё <b>нармафзори ройгон</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D3%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="Забони англисӣ">англ.</a> <span lang="en" style="font-style:italic;">freeware</span>) — ба навъе аз <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Нармафзор">нармафзор</a> гуфта мешавад, ки истифода аз он ройгон аст. Ин мафҳум дар баробари <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B8%D2%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D3%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нармафзори тиҷорӣ (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">нармафзори тиҷорӣ</a> таъриф мешавад, ки усулан ба корбар барои суд фурӯхта мешавад. </p><p>Нармафзори ройгон бо <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Нармафзори озод">нармафзори озод</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D3%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="Забони англисӣ">англ.</a> <span lang="en" style="font-style:italic;">free software</span>) комилан тафовут дорад ва набояд иштибоҳ шавад, зеро ҳуқуқи монанди ҳаққи тавзеъи муҷаддад ё дахл ва тасарруф дар код дар нармафзори ройгон барои масрафкунанда вуҷуд надорад. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Эзоҳ"><span id=".D0.AD.D0.B7.D0.BE.D2.B3"></span>Эзоҳ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Вироиши қисмат: Эзоҳ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Эзоҳ"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vazhaju.com/word/%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80/NzUxNDY=">Ройгонафзор чист? Маънои вожаи ройгонафзор</a><span title="ба забони тоҷикӣ" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; margin-left:0.2em; color:#888;">(тоҷ.)</span>. <i>vazhaju.com</i>.  Вожаҷӯ. <small>19 августи 2019 санҷида шуд.</small></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table style="background:none; text-align:left; padding:2px 0;" class="metadata"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-right:4px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Мақолаи хурд"><img alt="Мақолаи хурд" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/48px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/72px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/96px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> </td> <td><i>Ин <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Википедиа:Мақолаи хурд">мақолаи хурд</a> аст. Бо густариши он ба Википедия кӯмак кунед.</i><br /><small>Дар сурати имкон ин ёддошт бояд <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D2%B3%D0%BE/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Википедиа:Шаблонҳо/Мақолаҳои хурд (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">дақиқтар</a> ҷойгузин шавад.</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐74fffdc954‐l5l9w Cached time: 20250225055014 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.262 seconds Real time usage: 0.440 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 923/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 14874/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1440/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 15/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1369/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.189/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5350739/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 16/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 421.087 1 -total 91.25% 384.225 1 Шаблон:Қуттии_универсалӣ 46.99% 197.872 15 Шаблон:Wikidata 32.49% 136.808 13 Шаблон:If-wikidata 13.93% 58.660 1 Шаблон:Str_find 5.36% 22.555 1 Шаблон:Эзоҳ 3.30% 13.896 1 Шаблон:Cite_web 1.91% 8.037 1 Шаблон:Ref-tg 1.50% 6.333 2 Шаблон:Str_rep 1.41% 5.932 1 Шаблон:Ref-lang --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key tgwiki:pcache:218166:|#|:idhash:canonical!tg and timestamp 20250225055014 and revision id 1207865. 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