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id="toc-September_30:_First_presidential_debate_(University_of_Miami)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#September_30:_First_presidential_debate_(University_of_Miami)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>September 30: First presidential debate (University of Miami)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-September_30:_First_presidential_debate_(University_of_Miami)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle September 30: First presidential debate (University of Miami) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-September_30:_First_presidential_debate_(University_of_Miami)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Video_stream" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Video_stream"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Video stream</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Video_stream-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-debate_poll" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-debate_poll"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Post-debate poll</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-debate_poll-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Controversies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bush's_suit_bulge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bush's_suit_bulge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3.1</span> <span>Bush's suit bulge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bush's_suit_bulge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"You_forgot_Poland"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"You_forgot_Poland""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3.2</span> <span>"You forgot Poland"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"You_forgot_Poland"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bush_facial_expressions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bush_facial_expressions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3.3</span> <span>Bush facial expressions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bush_facial_expressions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-October_5:_Vice_presidential_debate_(Case_Western_Reserve_University)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#October_5:_Vice_presidential_debate_(Case_Western_Reserve_University)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>October 5: Vice presidential debate (Case Western Reserve University)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-October_5:_Vice_presidential_debate_(Case_Western_Reserve_University)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle October 5: Vice presidential debate (Case Western Reserve University) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-October_5:_Vice_presidential_debate_(Case_Western_Reserve_University)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Venue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Venue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Venue</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Venue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Video_stream_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Video_stream_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Video stream</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Video_stream_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_exchanges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_exchanges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Notable exchanges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_exchanges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-debate_poll_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-debate_poll_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Post-debate poll</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-debate_poll_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-October_8:_Second_presidential_debate_(Washington_University_in_St._Louis)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#October_8:_Second_presidential_debate_(Washington_University_in_St._Louis)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>October 8: Second presidential debate (Washington University in St. Louis)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-October_8:_Second_presidential_debate_(Washington_University_in_St._Louis)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle October 8: Second presidential debate (Washington University in St. Louis) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-October_8:_Second_presidential_debate_(Washington_University_in_St._Louis)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Venue_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Venue_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Venue</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Venue_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Video_stream_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Video_stream_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Video stream</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Video_stream_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Analysis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Analysis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Analysis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Analysis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-October_13:_Third_presidential_debate_(Arizona_State_University)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#October_13:_Third_presidential_debate_(Arizona_State_University)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>October 13: Third presidential debate (Arizona State University)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-October_13:_Third_presidential_debate_(Arizona_State_University)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle October 13: Third presidential debate (Arizona State University) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-October_13:_Third_presidential_debate_(Arizona_State_University)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Venue_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Venue_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Venue</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Venue_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Third-party_candidate_debates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Third-party_candidate_debates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Third-party candidate debates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Third-party_candidate_debates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Part of the 2004 U.S. presidential election</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1247979735">.mw-parser-output .ib-election{line-height:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-data{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-label{width:5em;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-subheader{line-height:130%}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-header{font-weight:normal}@media(max-width:640px){body.skin--responsive:not(.skin-monobook):not(.skin-timeless) .mw-parser-output .ib-election .notpageimage.noresize img{height:80px!important;width:auto!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style><table class="infobox ib-election infobox-table vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">2004 United States presidential debates</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;width:20%;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2000 United States presidential debates">2000</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;width:60%;" class=""><b>September 30, 2004<br />October 8, 2004<br />October 13, 2004</b></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2008 United States presidential debates">2008</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #E81B23;"><span class="notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:George-W-Bush.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/113px-George-W-Bush.jpeg" decoding="async" width="113" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/170px-George-W-Bush.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/227px-George-W-Bush.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2267" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #3333FF;"><span class="notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_F._Kerry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/John_F._Kerry.jpg/103px-John_F._Kerry.jpg" decoding="async" width="103" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/John_F._Kerry.jpg/155px-John_F._Kerry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/John_F._Kerry.jpg/206px-John_F._Kerry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2065" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Nominee </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center"> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Party </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Home state </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1247979735"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1152813436"><div style="background-color:#ddd; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold">2004 United States vice presidential debate</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;width:20%;" class="noprint"></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;width:60%;" class=""><b>October 5, 2004</b></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint"></td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #E81B23;"><span class="notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:46_Dick_Cheney_3x4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/46_Dick_Cheney_3x4.jpg/112px-46_Dick_Cheney_3x4.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/46_Dick_Cheney_3x4.jpg/169px-46_Dick_Cheney_3x4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/46_Dick_Cheney_3x4.jpg/225px-46_Dick_Cheney_3x4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1940" data-file-height="2586" /></a></span> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #3333FF;"><span class="notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Edwards,_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/John_Edwards%2C_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg/117px-John_Edwards%2C_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="117" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/John_Edwards%2C_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg/176px-John_Edwards%2C_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/John_Edwards%2C_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg/234px-John_Edwards%2C_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="1445" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Nominee </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards">John Edwards</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center"> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Party </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Home state </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>2004 United States presidential debates</b> were a series of <a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_debates" title="United States presidential debates">debates</a> held during the <a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004 presidential election</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Presidential_Debates" title="Commission on Presidential Debates">Commission on Presidential Debates</a> (CPD), a <a href="/wiki/Bipartisanship" title="Bipartisanship">bipartisan</a> organization formed in 1987, organized four debates among the major party candidates, sponsored three presidential debates and one vice presidential debate. Only <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> and <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> nominee <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a> met the criteria for inclusion in the debates, and thus were the only two to appear in the debates sponsored by the <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Presidential_Debates" title="Commission on Presidential Debates">Commission on Presidential Debates</a>. The CPD-sponsored vice presidential debate took place between their respective <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">vice presidential</a> <a href="/wiki/Running_mate" title="Running mate">running mates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards">John Edwards</a>. </p><p>An alternative was proposed by the <a href="/wiki/Citizens%27_Debate_Commission" title="Citizens' Debate Commission">Citizens' Debate Commission</a>, but was not carried out. There were several <a href="/wiki/Third_party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Third party (United States)">third-party</a> candidate debates also held independently from the CPD-sponsored debates. The debates were the latest in a series of presidential debates first held during the <a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_presidential_election" title="1960 United States presidential election">1960 presidential election</a> and held every four years since the <a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election" title="1976 United States presidential election">1976 election</a>. </p><p>Post-debate polls generally suggested that the 2004 presidential debates were a positive factor for John Kerry's candidacy, as CNN/USA Today/Gallup immediate post-debate polls showed that Kerry clearly won the first and third debates in the eyes of the American television audience, and he tied with Bush in the second. In the follow-up polls taken days after the first two debates, Kerry's perceived positive performance in the debates increased, so that the public then saw Kerry, rather than Bush, as the winner of all three debates.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Participant_selection">Participant selection</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Participant selection"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the Commission on Presidential Debates, the predetermined criteria for selecting candidates to participate in its 2004 presidential debates are based on evidence of eligibility as defined in Article Two of the United States Constitution), evidence of <a href="/wiki/Ballot_access" title="Ballot access">ballot access</a>, and evidence of electoral support based on national public <a href="/wiki/Opinion_poll" title="Opinion poll">opinion polls</a>. </p><p>Participants must have appeared on enough state ballots to have at least a mathematical chance of securing the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Electoral_College" title="United States Electoral College">Electoral College</a> majority needed to win the election. While several third-party candidates met the eligibility and ballot access criteria, none had the support of at least 15 percent of the national electorate based on the average of five selected national public opinion <a href="/wiki/Pollster" class="mw-redirect" title="Pollster">polling organizations</a>. The criteria also specified that invitations to the CPD's vice-presidential debate would be extended to the running mates of the candidates participating in the first presidential debate. </p><p>Only <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> George W. Bush and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a> John Kerry met the CPD selection criteria for any of the presidential debates. As a result, only Vice President Dick Cheney and Senator John Edwards met the criteria for the vice presidential debate. </p><p>On October 1, 2004, the <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Libertarian_Party" title="Arizona Libertarian Party">Arizona Libertarian Party</a> (AZLP) filed suit against the Commission on Presidential Debates and <a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University" title="Arizona State University">Arizona State University</a> in the Superior Court of Arizona for <a href="/wiki/Maricopa_County,_Arizona" title="Maricopa County, Arizona">Maricopa County</a> regarding the staging of the third presidential debate. They contested that the debate, to be held on the grounds of and partially funded by a <a href="/wiki/State_university_system" title="State university system">state university</a>, constituted an illegal <a href="/wiki/In_kind" title="In kind">in kind</a> <a href="/wiki/Campaign_finance" title="Campaign finance">campaign donation</a> because it excluded <a href="/wiki/Michael_Badnarik" title="Michael Badnarik">Michael Badnarik</a>, the Libertarian candidate. (Only Bush, Kerry, and Badnarik had ballot access in <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>.) In the complaint the Arizona Libertarian Party alleged that ASU was "making a donation to two individual campaigns [Bush and Kerry] through the Commission on Presidential Debates as a conduit, in violation of the <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Arizona Constitution">Arizona Constitution's</a> prohibition on making gifts or donations to individuals or corporations." </p><p>Superior Court Judge F. Pendleton Gaines III issued an <a href="/wiki/Order_to_show_cause" title="Order to show cause">order to show cause</a> for the president of ASU and for the director of the CPD to appear in court for a hearing on October 12, a day before the scheduled debate. Gaines denied a <a href="/wiki/Restraining_order" title="Restraining order">restraining order</a> on the grounds of <a href="/wiki/Laches_(equity)" title="Laches (equity)">laches</a> and that there was a sufficient <a href="/wiki/Public_purpose" class="mw-redirect" title="Public purpose">public purpose</a> for the debate, but also ruled that the AZLP could continue to pursue damages for any violations to their <a href="/wiki/U.S._Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Constitution">constitutional</a> rights. </p><p>The Arizona debate nonetheless proceeded on October 13. </p><p>On October 8, at the second debate at <a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis" title="Washington University in St. Louis">Washington University in St. Louis</a>, Badnarik and another third-party nominee, <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party (United States)">Green</a> candidate <a href="/wiki/David_Cobb_(activist)" title="David Cobb (activist)">David Cobb</a>, were arrested in a <a href="/wiki/Civil_disobedience" title="Civil disobedience">civil disobedience</a> action after crossing a police line outside the debate venue to protest their exclusion from the debate. Badnarik said he was attempting to serve the order to show cause; both candidates were released after being ticketed for <a href="/wiki/Trespassing" class="mw-redirect" title="Trespassing">trespassing</a> and refusing a reasonable order from a policeman.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidential_debates_memorandum_of_understanding">Presidential debates memorandum of understanding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Presidential debates memorandum of understanding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Memorandum_of_understanding" title="Memorandum of understanding">memorandum of understanding</a> (MOU) between the <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_presidential_campaign,_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="George W. Bush presidential campaign, 2004">Bush 2004 campaign</a> and the <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry_presidential_campaign,_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="John Kerry presidential campaign, 2004">Kerry 2004 campaign</a>, covering in minute detail all aspects of the presidential candidate debates held between the two candidates was created. It was 32 pages long and dated September 20, 2004. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Citizens%27_Debate_Commission" title="Citizens' Debate Commission">Citizens' Debate Commission</a> (CDC) and others were instrumental in getting the campaigns to publish the MOU in advance of the debates. One of the commissioners of the CDC, <a href="/wiki/George_Farah_(writer)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Farah (writer)">George Farah</a>, has written about the earlier debate MOUs in the 2004 tome <i>No Debate: How the Republican and Democratic Parties Secretly Control the Presidential Debates</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Debate_schedule">Debate schedule</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Debate schedule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="17" style="background:#B0C4DE">2004 United States presidential election debates </th></tr> <tr> <th style="white-space:nowrap;"> <abbr title="Number">No.</abbr></th> <th>Date & Time</th> <th>Host</th> <th>Location</th> <th>Moderator</th> <th colspan="11" scope="col">Participants </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5" rowspan="2">Key:<br /><span style="background-color: #90ff90; color:black;"> P </span> <small>Participant.  </small> <span style="background-color: #ff9090; color:black;"> N </span> <small>Non-invitee.   </small> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; background: #FF3333;"><small><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">'"`UNIQ--templatestyles-00000015-QINU`"'</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFF">Republican</span></a></small> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; background: #34AAE0;"><small><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFF">Democratic</span></a></small> </th></tr> <tr> <th><small>President</small><br /><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a><br /><small>of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></small> </th> <th><small>Senator</small><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a><br /><small>of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></small> </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F7E7CE"> <th style="background: #F7E7CE; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="free table-free"><a href="#September_30:_First_presidential_debate_(University_of_Miami)">1 </a> </th> <td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;">Thursday, September 30, 2004, <p>9:00 – 10:30 p.m. EDT<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Miami" title="University of Miami">University of Miami</a> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Coral_Gables,_Florida" title="Coral Gables, Florida">Coral Gables</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Lehrer" title="Jim Lehrer">Jim Lehrer</a> of <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><b>P</b> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><b>P</b> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F7E7CE"> <th style="background: #F7E7CE; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="free table-free"><a href="#October_8:_Second_presidential_debate_(Washington_University_in_St._Louis)">2 </a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">Friday, October 8, 2004, <p>9:00 – 10:30 p.m. EDT<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis" title="Washington University in St. Louis">Washington University in St. Louis</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gibson" title="Charles Gibson">Charles Gibson</a> of <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)" title="ABC News (United States)">ABC</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><b>P</b> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><b>P</b> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F7E7CE"> <th style="background: #F7E7CE; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="free table-free"><a href="#October_13:_Third_presidential_debate_(Arizona_State_University)">3 </a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;">Wednesday, October 13, 2004, <p>9:00 – 10:30 p.m. EDT<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University" title="Arizona State University">Arizona State University</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Tempe,_Arizona" title="Tempe, Arizona">Tempe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Schieffer" title="Bob Schieffer">Bob Schieffer</a> of <a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><b>P</b> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><b>P</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#B0C4DE" colspan="16">2004 United States vice presidential debate </th></tr> <tr> <th style="white-space:nowrap;"> <abbr title="Number">No.</abbr></th> <th>Date & Time</th> <th>Host</th> <th>Location</th> <th>Moderator</th> <th scope="col" colspan="10">Participants </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5" rowspan="2">Key:<br /><span style="background-color: #90ff90; color:black;"> P </span> <small>Participant.  </small> <span style="background-color: #ff9090; color:black;"> N </span> <small>Non-invitee.   </small> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; background: #FF3333;"><small><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFF">Republican</span></a></small> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:10em; background: #34AAE0;"><small><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFF">Democratic</span></a></small> </th></tr> <tr> <th><small>Vice President</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a><br /><small>of <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a></small> </th> <th><small>Senator</small><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards">John Edwards</a><br /><small>of <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a></small> </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F7E7CE"> <th style="background: #F7E7CE; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="free table-free"><a href="#October_5:_Vice_presidential_debate_(Case_Western_Reserve_University)">VP </a> </th> <td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;">Tuesday, October 5, 2004, <p>9:00 – 10:30 p.m. EDT<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_University" title="Case Western Reserve University">Case Western Reserve University</a> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> </td> <td style="white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Gwen_Ifill" title="Gwen Ifill">Gwen Ifill</a> of <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><b>P</b> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><b>P</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Originally, the CPD specified that the first debate would be focused on <a href="/wiki/Domestic_policy" title="Domestic policy">domestic policy</a> and the third focused on <a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy" title="Foreign policy">foreign policy</a>. Those terms were changed in an announcement by the CPD on September 24, after it had reviewed the terms of the MOU. The CPD agreed that foreign affairs and <a href="/wiki/Homeland_security" title="Homeland security">homeland security</a> would be the primary topic for the first debate and domestic and <a href="/wiki/Economic_policy" title="Economic policy">economic policy</a> will be the <i>primary</i> topic of the third debate. More broadly, it also agreed to make a "<a href="/wiki/Good_faith" title="Good faith">good faith</a> effort" to accommodate the rest of the terms of the MOU. </p><p>The September 24 announcement, which was released in the format of a copy of a letter sent to the two campaigns, also noted CPD's pleasure at the willingness of the two campaigns to participate in the second, "<a href="/wiki/Town_meeting" title="Town meeting">town meeting</a>"-style debate, yet was ambiguous about just what had been agreed to. </p><p>Originally, the CPD had announced that questions for the second debate would come from undecided voters selected by the <a href="/wiki/Gallup_poll" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallup poll">Gallup Organization</a> from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="United States metropolitan area">standard metropolitan statistical area</a> surrounding the host city. This had been the policy followed for the <a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1992 United States presidential debates">1992</a>, <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1996 United States presidential debates">1996</a>, and <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2000 United States presidential debates">2000 debates</a>. But the September 24 letter to the two candidates did not comment on this; instead, it noted that campaign representatives can discuss participant selection methodology with Dr. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Newport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Newport (page does not exist)">Frank Newport</a> of Gallup in order to resolve any open issues. One such issue was that the MOU specified that half the questions be asked by "soft Kerry supporters" and half by "soft Bush supporters," though what is meant by those terms was not made clear. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Format">Format</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Format"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For 2004, each debate lasted ninety minutes, included a live audience, had no opening statements, could have included follow-up questions from the moderator and ended with closing statements of two minutes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="September_30:_First_presidential_debate_(University_of_Miami)"><span id="September_30:_First_presidential_debate_.28University_of_Miami.29"></span>September 30: First presidential debate (University of Miami)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: September 30: First presidential debate (University of Miami)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">First presidential debate</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">September 30, 2004<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2004-09-30</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Duration</th><td class="infobox-data">90 minutes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Venue</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Miami" title="University of Miami">University of Miami</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Coral_Gables,_Florida" title="Coral Gables, Florida">Coral Gables</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Participants</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Footage</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WYpP-T0IcyA">PBS</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Moderator(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Lehrer" title="Jim Lehrer">Jim Lehrer</a> of <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The first presidential debate between President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> and Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a>, took place on Thursday, September 30, 2004, in the <a href="/wiki/Watsco_Center" title="Watsco Center">Convocation Center</a> of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Miami" title="University of Miami">University of Miami</a> in <a href="/wiki/Coral_Gables,_Florida" title="Coral Gables, Florida">Coral Gables</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>. </p><p>The debate was moderated by <a href="/wiki/Jim_Lehrer" title="Jim Lehrer">Jim Lehrer</a> of <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS'</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_NewsHour_with_Jim_Lehrer" class="mw-redirect" title="The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer">The NewsHour</a></i> posed nine questions for each candidate. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Video_stream">Video stream</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Video stream"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/media/news_web/video/40134000/nb/40134718_nb_16x9.ram">RealPlayer video stream of the debate</a> from the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/movies/details-db.php?collection=election_2004&collectionid=presidential_debate_9-30-04">Video and stream of the debate</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-debate_poll">Post-debate poll</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Post-debate poll"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>62.5 million people tuned into the debates, an increase of just over 35 percent from 2000. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Controversies">Controversies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bush's_suit_bulge"><span id="Bush.27s_suit_bulge"></span>Bush's suit bulge</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bush's suit bulge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A bulge in the back of Bush's suit jacket during this debate triggered rumors that he was "wired" with a radio receiver, presumably to receive instructions from his strategists.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Contributing to the rumors was the perception that, at one point, Bush stated "Let me finish" in response to no apparent interruption and when he still had time on the clock, and some long pauses by Bush before he began answering a question. Others dismissed these accusations, saying that the "Let me finish" was a response to a gesture that Lehrer made, and the pauses were a result of Bush gathering his thoughts before responding. </p><p>White House officials initially claimed that the bulge was a "wrinkle in the fabric," and that Bush was not wearing a <a href="/wiki/Bullet-proof_vest" class="mw-redirect" title="Bullet-proof vest">bullet-proof vest</a>, as many conjectured. Bush's tailor later said that the bulge was nothing more than a pucker along the jacket's back seam, according to <i><a href="/wiki/The_Seattle_Times" title="The Seattle Times">The Seattle Times</a></i>. After the election, unidentified sources in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service" title="United States Secret Service">Secret Service</a> told <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i> that Bush was wearing a bullet-proof vest and that campaign handlers had not admitted it earlier for security reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, <a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a> referred to the 2004 microphone earpiece allegations as a "conspiracy theory" and likened the allegations to unfounded right-wing claims that <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> wore a microphone in a <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016</a> debate, or that <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> wore an earpiece in a <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020</a> debate.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id=""You_forgot_Poland""><span id=".22You_forgot_Poland.22"></span>"You forgot Poland"</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: "You forgot Poland""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Polish_involvement_in_the_2003_invasion_of_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish involvement in the 2003 invasion of Iraq">Polish involvement in the 2003 invasion of Iraq</a></div> <p>During the debate John Kerry accused Bush of having failed to gain international support for the <a href="/wiki/2003_invasion_of_Iraq" title="2003 invasion of Iraq">2003 invasion of Iraq</a>, saying "... when we went in, there were three countries: <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">Great Britain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> and the United States. That's not a grand coalition. We can do better." Bush, who had used <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> earlier in the debate as an example of the international presence in Iraq, replied by saying "Well, actually, he forgot Poland. And now there's 30 nations involved, standing side by side with our American troops."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Paraphrased as "You forgot Poland", the term became a popular <a href="/wiki/Catchphrase" title="Catchphrase">catchphrase</a> among Bush detractors, who saw it as a humorously petty rebuttal of Kerry's original point. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bush_facial_expressions">Bush facial expressions</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bush facial expressions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the debate, Bush made facial expressions which were later described as negative. Democrats highlighted these facial expressions after the debate, claiming that Bush was annoyed during the debate.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="October_5:_Vice_presidential_debate_(Case_Western_Reserve_University)"><span id="October_5:_Vice_presidential_debate_.28Case_Western_Reserve_University.29"></span>October 5: Vice presidential debate (Case Western Reserve University)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: October 5: Vice presidential debate (Case Western Reserve University)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Vice presidential debate</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">October 5, 2004<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2004-10-05</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Duration</th><td class="infobox-data">90 minutes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Venue</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_University" title="Case Western Reserve University">Case Western Reserve University</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Participants</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards">John Edwards</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Footage</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_hEeMvhcNlE">PBS</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Moderator(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gwen_Ifill" title="Gwen Ifill">Gwen Ifill</a> of <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Venue">Venue</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Venue"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The only vice presidential debate between Vice President <a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a> and Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards">John Edwards</a> took place on Tuesday, October 5, 2004, at the Veale Center at <a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_University" title="Case Western Reserve University">Case Western Reserve University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>. The debate attracted a large audience; 43.6 million people tuned in, nearly as many as had watched the presidential debates in <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000</a>. </p><p>The debate was moderated by <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Ifill" title="Gwen Ifill">Gwen Ifill</a> of the <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>, who posed a total of 20 questions to the candidates. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Video_stream_2">Video stream</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Video stream"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/media/news_web/video/40150000/nb/40150484_nb_16x9.ram">RealPlayer video stream of the debate</a> from the BBC website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/movies/details-db.php?collection=election_2004&collectionid=vice_presidential_debate_10_5_04">Video and stream of the debate</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_exchanges">Notable exchanges</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notable exchanges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Though the debate largely focused on the <a href="/wiki/2003_invasion_of_Iraq" title="2003 invasion of Iraq">2003 invasion of Iraq</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">economy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gay_marriage" class="mw-redirect" title="Gay marriage">gay marriage</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> media coverage focused on a few key exchanges between the two candidates.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cheney told Edwards, referring to his inexperience, that "the first time I met you was tonight." And Edwards pointedly referred to Cheney's <a href="/wiki/Lesbian" title="Lesbian">lesbian</a> daughter <a href="/wiki/Mary_Cheney" title="Mary Cheney">Mary</a>, asking whether Cheney was "...willing to talk about the fact that [Cheney and his wife <a href="/wiki/Lynne_Cheney" title="Lynne Cheney">Lynne</a>] have a gay daughter?"<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-debate_poll_2">Post-debate poll</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Post-debate poll"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a> interviewed a nationally representative sample of 178 uncommitted debate-watchers. The sample was of voters who are either undecided about whom to vote for or who have a weak preference that could be changed. Of the group 41 percent said Edwards won the debate, 28 said Cheney won, and 31 percent thought it was a tie. Both uncommitted men and uncommitted women preferred Edwards.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A separate poll of 1000 likely voters found that 43 percent believed Cheney won while 37 percent felt Edwards did better. Moreover, after the debate 47 percent said that Cheney was "very qualified" to assume the responsibilities of president (a seven percent rise), while only 25 percent said the same of Edwards (no change).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="October_8:_Second_presidential_debate_(Washington_University_in_St._Louis)"><span id="October_8:_Second_presidential_debate_.28Washington_University_in_St._Louis.29"></span>October 8: Second presidential debate (Washington University in St. Louis)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: October 8: Second presidential debate (Washington University in St. Louis)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Second presidential debate</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">October 8, 2004<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2004-10-08</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Duration</th><td class="infobox-data">90 minutes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Venue</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis" title="Washington University in St. Louis">Washington University in St. Louis</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Participants</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Footage</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKcav-uF4eY">PBS</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Moderator(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gibson" title="Charles Gibson">Charles Gibson</a> of <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)" title="ABC News (United States)">ABC</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Venue_2">Venue</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Venue"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The second presidential debate between President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> and Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a> took place on Friday, October 8, 2004, at <a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis" title="Washington University in St. Louis">Washington University</a> in <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>. </p><p>The town hall style debate was moderated by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Gibson" title="Charles Gibson">Charles Gibson</a> of <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)" title="ABC News (United States)">ABC</a>, which consisted of prospective voters reading questions preselected by Gibson to the candidates. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Video_stream_3">Video stream</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Video stream"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/media/news_web/video/40159000/nb/40159072_nb_16x9.ram">RealPlayer video stream of the debate</a> from the BBC website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/movies/details-db.php?collection=election_2004&collectionid=presidential_debate_10_8_04">Video and stream of the debate</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Analysis">Analysis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Analysis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bush attempted to deflect criticism of what was described as his scowling demeanor during the first debate, joking at one point about one of Kerry's remarks, "That answer almost made me want to scowl".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When asked about possible appointments to the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a>, Bush replied he would not pick the type of judge who would support the <a href="/wiki/Dred_Scott_v._Sandford" title="Dred Scott v. Sandford">Dred Scott decision</a>. Because that case dealt with <a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">slavery</a>, abolished in the United States almost 150 years earlier, commentators such as Timothy Noah thought Bush's comment was aimed at <a href="/wiki/Anti-abortion" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-abortion">anti-abortion</a> voters who see "<a href="/wiki/Dred_Scott" title="Dred Scott">Dred Scott</a>" as code for <i><a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a></i>. Noah believed Bush was saying he would appoint Justices who opposed legal abortion.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="October_13:_Third_presidential_debate_(Arizona_State_University)"><span id="October_13:_Third_presidential_debate_.28Arizona_State_University.29"></span>October 13: Third presidential debate (Arizona State University)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: October 13: Third presidential debate (Arizona State University)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Third presidential debate</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">October 13, 2004<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2004-10-13</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Duration</th><td class="infobox-data">90 minutes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Venue</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University" title="Arizona State University">Arizona State University</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tempe,_Arizona" title="Tempe, Arizona">Tempe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Participants</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Footage</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cIHRMoVKXb0">PBS</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Moderator(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Schieffer" title="Bob Schieffer">Bob Schieffer</a> of <a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Venue_3">Venue</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Venue"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The third and final presidential debate between President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> and Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a> took place on Wednesday, October 13, 2004, in the <a href="/wiki/Gammage_Auditorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Gammage Auditorium">Grady Gammage Memorial Auditorium</a> at <a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University" title="Arizona State University">Arizona State University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tempe,_Arizona" title="Tempe, Arizona">Tempe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The debate was moderated by <a href="/wiki/Bob_Schieffer" title="Bob Schieffer">Bob Schieffer</a> of <a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS</a>, who posed 20 total questions to the candidates. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Third-party_candidate_debates">Third-party candidate debates</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Third-party candidate debates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>January 29 — Former <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party (United States)">Green Party</a> presidential nomination candidate and independent vice-presidential candidate <a href="/wiki/Peter_Camejo" title="Peter Camejo">Peter Camejo</a> debated Normon Solomon at the <a href="/wiki/Crest_Theatre" title="Crest Theatre">Crest Theatre</a> in downtown <a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a>, regarding what direction the Green Party should take in 2004. Camejo supported <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Nader" title="Ralph Nader">Ralph Nader</a>, even as an independent candidate, and hoped that Nader could be persuaded to run with the Green Party. Solomon said that Nader should not run, and that the Greens should work to defeat George W. Bush. The debate was a benefit for listener-sponsored <a href="/wiki/KVMR" title="KVMR">KVMR</a>.</li> <li>August 31 — <a href="/wiki/Michael_Badnarik" title="Michael Badnarik">Michael Badnarik</a> (<a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a>) and <a href="/wiki/David_Cobb_(activist)" title="David Cobb (activist)">David Cobb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party (United States)">Green</a>) debated in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>. <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Republican_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Republican Party">Republican</a>), <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Democratic Party">Democrat</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Nader" title="Ralph Nader">Ralph Nader</a> (independent) were invited to debate, but none of them accepted. The debate was moderated by Rob Richie, executive director of the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Voting_and_Democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Center for Voting and Democracy">Center for Voting and Democracy</a>, and Walter Kane, a reporter for Channel 12 News. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a> televised the debate on September 6.</li> <li>September 30 — <a href="/wiki/Michael_Badnarik" title="Michael Badnarik">Michael Badnarik</a> (<a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a>) and <a href="/wiki/David_Cobb_(activist)" title="David Cobb (activist)">David Cobb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party (United States)">Green</a>) debated at 5 p.m. in Miami, across the street from the Bush-Kerry debate, which began at 9 p.m. Unlike Bush and Kerry, Badnarik and Cobb took unscripted questions from the audience and from correspondents. The event was carried live by <a href="/wiki/Pacifica_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacifica Radio">Pacifica Radio</a>, and broadcast later by PBS Television.</li> <li>October 6 — <a href="/wiki/Michael_Badnarik" title="Michael Badnarik">Michael Badnarik</a> (<a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a>), <a href="/wiki/Walt_Brown_(politician)" title="Walt Brown (politician)">Walt Brown</a> (<a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_USA" title="Socialist Party USA">Socialist</a>), <a href="/wiki/David_Cobb_(activist)" title="David Cobb (activist)">David Cobb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party (United States)">Green</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Peroutka" title="Michael Peroutka">Michael Peroutka</a> (<a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitution Party (United States)">Constitution</a>) debated at 8 p.m. at <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University" title="Cornell University">Cornell University</a> in Ithaca, New York. The format of this event was similar to that of the September 30 debate: opening statements, questions from the audience, and closing statements. However, the debate was slightly shorter than the prior two third-party debates, at about 80 minutes total. Time was split between four candidates rather than two, and most of the questions came from Cornell undergraduate and graduate students.</li> <li>October 7 — Vice-Presidential debate conducted by <i><a href="/wiki/Democracy_Now!" title="Democracy Now!">Democracy Now!</a></i> featuring <a href="/wiki/Pat_LaMarche" title="Pat LaMarche">Pat LaMarche</a> (<a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party (United States)">Green</a>), <a href="/wiki/Peter_Camejo" title="Peter Camejo">Peter Camejo</a> (Independent <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Nader" title="Ralph Nader">Ralph Nader</a>'s running mate), and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Campagna" title="Richard Campagna">Richard Campagna</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Libertarian_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Libertarian Party">Libertarian</a>).</li> <li>October 7 — <a href="/wiki/Michael_Badnarik" title="Michael Badnarik">Michael Badnarik</a> (<a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a>) and <a href="/wiki/David_Cobb_(activist)" title="David Cobb (activist)">David Cobb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party (United States)">Green</a>) at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Austin" title="University of Texas at Austin">University of Texas at Austin</a> at 11:30 a.m.</li> <li>October 15 — <a href="/wiki/Walt_Brown_(politician)" title="Walt Brown (politician)">Walt Brown</a> (<a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_USA" title="Socialist Party USA">Socialist</a>), <a href="/wiki/David_Cobb_(activist)" title="David Cobb (activist)">David Cobb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party (United States)">Green</a>), <a href="/wiki/Charles_Jay" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Jay">Charles Jay</a> (<a href="/wiki/Personal_Choice_Party" title="Personal Choice Party">Personal Choice Party</a>), <a href="/wiki/Gary_Nolan_(radio_host)" title="Gary Nolan (radio host)">Gary Nolan (radio host)</a> standing in for <a href="/wiki/Michael_Badnarik" title="Michael Badnarik">Michael Badnarik</a> (<a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a>), former presidential candidate <a href="/wiki/Deirdre_Griswold" title="Deirdre Griswold">Deirdre Griswold</a> standing in for John Parker (<a href="/wiki/Workers_World_Party" title="Workers World Party">Workers World Party</a>), former presidential candidate <a href="/wiki/Jerry_White_(socialist)" title="Jerry White (socialist)">Jerry White</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (August 2010)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> standing in for <a href="/wiki/Bill_Van_Auken" title="Bill Van Auken">Bill Van Auken</a> (<a href="/wiki/Socialist_Equality_Party_(United_States)" title="Socialist Equality Party (United States)">Socialist Equality Party</a>) at <a href="/wiki/East_Tennessee_State_University" title="East Tennessee State University">East Tennessee State University</a>. The debate was released on DVD.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_2004_presidential_campaign" title="George W. Bush 2004 presidential campaign">George W. Bush 2004 presidential campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry_2004_presidential_campaign" title="John Kerry 2004 presidential campaign">John Kerry 2004 presidential campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004 United States presidential election</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSaad2004" class="citation web cs1">Saad, Lydia (October 15, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.gallup.com/poll/13651/debates-affect-presidential-contests.aspx">"Do Debates Affect Presidential Contests?"</a>. <i>Gallup</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Uncommitteds+Tab+Edwards+Winner&rft.date=2004-10-05&rft.aulast=Cosgrove-Mather&rft.aufirst=Bootie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Funcommitteds-tab-edwards-winner%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2004+United+States+presidential+debates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060512092450/http://rasmussenreports.com/VP%20Debate.htm">"Voters Say Cheney Won Debate, Is More Qualified"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rasmussen_Reports" title="Rasmussen Reports">Rasmussen Reports</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Voters+Say+Cheney+Won+Debate%2C+Is+More+Qualified&rft.pub=Rasmussen+Reports&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rasmussenreports.com%2FVP%2520Debate.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2004+United+States+presidential+debates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFornek2004" class="citation news cs1">Fornek, Scott (October 9, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041012060220/http://www.suntimes.com/output/news/cst-nws-deb09.html">"Bush, Kerry make draft, tax pledges"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.suntimes.com/output/news/cst-nws-deb09.html">the original</a> on October 12, 2004.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Sun-Times&rft.atitle=Bush%2C+Kerry+make+draft%2C+tax+pledges&rft.date=2004-10-09&rft.aulast=Fornek&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.suntimes.com%2Foutput%2Fnews%2Fcst-nws-deb09.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2004+United+States+presidential+debates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoah2004" class="citation web cs1">Noah, Timothy (October 11, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2004/10/why-bush-opposes-dred-scott.html">"Why Bush opposes Dred Scott"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Slate_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Slate Magazine">Slate Magazine</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090706103054/http://slate.msn.com/id/2108083/">Archived</a> from the original on July 6, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slate+Magazine&rft.atitle=Why+Bush+opposes+Dred+Scott&rft.date=2004-10-11&rft.aulast=Noah&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fslate.com%2Fnews-and-politics%2F2004%2F10%2Fwhy-bush-opposes-dred-scott.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2004+United+States+presidential+debates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlatten2004" class="citation web cs1">Flatten, Mark (October 22, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060828005919/http://www.eastvalleytribune.com/index.php?sty=30208">"Bush, Kerry battle at Tempe presidential debate"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/East_Valley_Tribune" title="East Valley Tribune">East Valley Tribune</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eastvalleytribune.com/index.php?sty%3D30208">the original</a> on August 28, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 25,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=East+Valley+Tribune&rft.atitle=Bush%2C+Kerry+battle+at+Tempe+presidential+debate&rft.date=2004-10-22&rft.aulast=Flatten&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eastvalleytribune.com%2Findex.php%3Fsty%253D30208&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2004+United+States+presidential+debates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.debates.org/">Commission on Presidential Debates</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.citizensdebate.org/">Citizens' Debate Commission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170103050927/https://www.opendebates.org/">Open Debates</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040901051726/http://www.fair.org/articles/appleseed.html">The Appleseed Citizens' Task Force on Fair Debates</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070330012105/http://www.c-span.org/2004vote/debates.asp?Cat=Current_Event&Code=PresVP_04&ShowVidNum=10&Rot_Cat_CD=PresVP_04&Rot_HT=206&Rot_WD=&ShowVidDays=100&ShowVidDesc=&ArchiveDays=365%2F">C-SPAN page on presidential debates</a></li> <li>Copy of the 2004 MOU, in <a href="/wiki/Portable_Document_Format" class="mw-redirect" title="Portable Document Format">PDF format</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20080912185645/http://opendebates.org/news/documents/debateagreement.pdf">Open Debates</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup> website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130415130649/http://opendebates.org/news/documents.html">List of documents</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup> from Open Debates website, with links to MOUs for the <a href="/wiki/U.S._presidential_election,_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. presidential election, 1988">1988</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._presidential_election,_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. presidential election, 1992">1992</a>, and <a href="/wiki/U.S._presidential_election,_1996" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. presidential election, 1996">1996</a> debates</li> <li>Factcheck: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041016060417/http://www.factcheck.org/article271.html">first debate</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041019034927/http://factcheck.org/article275.html">second debate</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041019000846/http://www.factcheck.org/article281.html">third debate</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040806100440/http://www.justicetalking.org/viewprogram.asp?progID=452">Debate on the state of elections</a> between <a href="/wiki/Howard_Dean" title="Howard Dean">Howard Dean</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Nader" title="Ralph Nader">Ralph Nader</a>, sponsored by <a href="/wiki/Justice_Talking" title="Justice Talking">Justice Talking</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output 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debates</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General election debates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1960 United States presidential debates">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1976 United States presidential debates">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1980 United States presidential debates">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1984 United States presidential debates">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1988 United States presidential debates">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1992 United States presidential debates">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1996 United States presidential debates">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2000 United States presidential debates">2000</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2008 United States presidential debates">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2012 United States presidential debates">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2016 United States presidential debates">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2020 United States presidential debates">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2024 United States presidential debates">2024</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Joe_Biden%E2%80%93Donald_Trump_presidential_debate" title="2024 Joe Biden–Donald Trump presidential debate">Biden–Trump</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary election debates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_presidential_debates" title="Republican Party presidential debates">Republican</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:gray">2004</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2008 Republican Party presidential debates and forums">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Republican_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2012 Republican Party presidential debates and forums">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2016 Republican Party presidential debates and forums">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Republican_Party_presidential_debates" title="2020 Republican Party presidential debates">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2024 Republican Party presidential debates and forums">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_presidential_debates" title="Democratic Party presidential debates">Democratic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2004 Democratic Party presidential debates and forums">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2008 Democratic Party presidential debates and forums">2008</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:gray">2012</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Democratic_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2016 Democratic Party presidential debates and forums">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Democratic_Party_presidential_debates" title="2020 Democratic Party presidential debates">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Democratic_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2024 Democratic Party presidential debates and forums">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Libertarian <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Libertarian_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2016 Libertarian Party presidential debates and forums">2016</a></li></ul></li> <li>Green <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Green_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2016 Green Party presidential debates and forums">2016</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related debates and forums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1948 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dewey%E2%80%93Stassen_debate" title="Dewey–Stassen debate">Dewey–Stassen debate</a></li></ul></li> <li>2008 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Forum_on_the_Presidency" title="Civil Forum on the Presidency">Civil Forum on the Presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNN/YouTube_presidential_debates" title="CNN/YouTube presidential debates">CNN/YouTube presidential debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_Debate_2008" title="Science Debate 2008">Science Debate 2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visible_Vote_%2708:_A_Presidential_Forum" title="Visible Vote '08: A Presidential Forum">Visible Vote '08: A Presidential Forum</a></li></ul></li> <li>2012 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Rumble_in_the_Air-Conditioned_Auditorium" title="The Rumble in the Air-Conditioned Auditorium">The Rumble in the Air-Conditioned Auditorium</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citizens%27_Debate_Commission" title="Citizens' Debate Commission">Citizens' Debate Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Presidential_Debates" title="Commission on Presidential Debates">Commission on Presidential Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_%26_Equal_Elections_Foundation" title="Free & Equal Elections Foundation">Free & Equal Elections Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Women_Voters" title="League of Women Voters">League of Women Voters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/There_you_go_again" title="There you go again">There you go again</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Where%27s_the_beef%3F" title="Where's the beef?">Where's the beef?</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Senator,_you%27re_no_Jack_Kennedy" title="Senator, you're no Jack Kennedy">Senator, you're no Jack Kennedy</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Binders_full_of_women" title="Binders full of women">Binders full of women</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Nasty_woman" title="Nasty woman">Nasty woman</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Springfield_pet-eating_hoax" title="Springfield pet-eating hoax">They're eating the cats</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(←_2000)_2004_United_States_presidential_election_(2008_→)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template:2004 United States presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template talk:2004 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2004 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(←_2000)_2004_United_States_presidential_election_(2008_→)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">← 2000</a>) <a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004 United States presidential election</a> (<a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008 →</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_candidates_in_the_2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="List of candidates in the 2004 United States presidential election">Candidates</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="Timeline of the 2004 United States presidential election">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potomac_primary" title="Potomac primary">Potomac primary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini-Tuesday" title="Mini-Tuesday">Mini-Tuesday</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #E81B23;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Republican_National_Convention" title="2004 Republican National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2004 Republican Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries#Results" title="2004 Republican Party presidential primaries">Primary results</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Incumbent nominee: <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_2004_presidential_campaign" title="George W. Bush 2004 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_George_W._Bush" title="Political positions of George W. Bush">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>Incumbent VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Other candidates:</b> <a href="/wiki/John_Buchanan_(American_politician)" title="John Buchanan (American politician)">John Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Fellure" title="Jack Fellure">Jack Fellure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Laughlin" title="Tom Laughlin">Tom Laughlin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #3333FF;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2004 Democratic National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2004 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries#Results" title="2004 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Primary results</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry_2004_presidential_campaign" title="John Kerry 2004 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards">John Edwards</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Other candidates:</b> <a href="/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun" title="Carol Moseley Braun">Carol Moseley Braun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesley_Clark" title="Wesley Clark">Wesley Clark</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wesley_Clark_2004_presidential_campaign" title="Wesley Clark 2004 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Dean" title="Howard Dean">Howard Dean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Dean_2004_presidential_campaign" title="Howard Dean 2004 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards">John Edwards</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Edwards_2004_presidential_campaign" title="John Edwards 2004 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_John_Edwards" title="Political positions of John Edwards">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Gephardt" title="Dick Gephardt">Dick Gephardt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Gephardt_2004_presidential_campaign" title="Dick Gephardt 2004 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Graham" title="Bob Graham">Bob Graham</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Graham_2004_presidential_campaign" title="Bob Graham 2004 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Killeen" title="Caroline Killeen">Caroline Killeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Kucinich" title="Dennis Kucinich">Dennis Kucinich</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Kucinich_2004_presidential_campaign" title="Dennis Kucinich 2004 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_LaRouche" title="Lyndon LaRouche">Lyndon LaRouche</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_LaRouche_U.S._presidential_campaigns" title="Lyndon LaRouche U.S. presidential campaigns">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Views_of_Lyndon_LaRouche_and_the_LaRouche_movement" title="Views of Lyndon LaRouche and the LaRouche movement">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Lieberman" title="Joe Lieberman">Joe Lieberman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Lieberman_2004_presidential_campaign" title="Joe Lieberman 2004 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Joe_Lieberman" title="Political positions of Joe Lieberman">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Sharpton" title="Al Sharpton">Al Sharpton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Sharpton_2004_presidential_campaign" title="Al Sharpton 2004 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_election_voting_controversies" title="2004 United States election voting controversies">Controversies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Moss_v._Bush" title="Moss v. Bush">Moss v. Bush</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_election_conspiracy_theories" class="mw-redirect" title="2004 United States election conspiracy theories">Conspiracy theories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry_military_service_controversy" title="John Kerry military service controversy">Kerry military service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_military_service_controversy" title="George W. Bush military service controversy">Bush military service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Third-party_and_independent_candidates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third-party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_third_party_and_independent_presidential_candidates,_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="United States third party and independent presidential candidates, 2004">candidates</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #A356DE;"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitution Party (United States)">Constitution Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_National_Convention" title="Constitution Party National Convention">Convention</a></b></li> <li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Peroutka" title="Michael Peroutka">Michael Peroutka</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Baldwin" title="Chuck Baldwin">Chuck Baldwin</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #17aa5c;"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_the_United_States" title="Green Party of the United States">Green Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/2004_Green_National_Convention" title="2004 Green National Convention">Convention</a></b></li> <li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/David_Cobb_(activist)" title="David Cobb (activist)">David Cobb</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Cobb_2004_presidential_campaign" title="David Cobb 2004 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Pat_LaMarche" title="Pat LaMarche">Pat LaMarche</a></b></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other candidates</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Bilyeu" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheila Bilyeu">Sheila Bilyeu</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Peter_Camejo" title="Peter Camejo">Peter Camejo</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Paul_Glover_(activist)" title="Paul Glover (activist)">Paul Glover</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kent_Mesplay" class="mw-redirect" title="Kent Mesplay">Kent Mesplay</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lorna_Salzman" title="Lorna Salzman">Lorna Salzman</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FED105;"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/2004_Libertarian_National_Convention" title="2004 Libertarian National Convention">Convention</a></b></li> <li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Badnarik" title="Michael Badnarik">Michael Badnarik</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Badnarik_2004_presidential_campaign" title="Michael Badnarik 2004 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Campagna" title="Richard Campagna">Richard Campagna</a></b></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other candidates</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gary_Nolan_(radio_host)" title="Gary Nolan (radio host)">Gary Nolan</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Russo" title="Aaron Russo">Aaron Russo</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FBEC5D;"><a href="/wiki/Personal_Choice_Party" title="Personal Choice Party">Personal Choice Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Charles_Jay" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Jay">Charles Jay</a></b></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Chambers" title="Marilyn Chambers">Marilyn Chambers</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF00FF;"><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Gene_Amondson" title="Gene Amondson">Gene Amondson</a></b></dd> <dt>Alternate nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Earl_Dodge" title="Earl Dodge">Earl Dodge</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #6A287E;"><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Reform Party of the United States of America">Reform Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Nader" title="Ralph Nader">Ralph Nader</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Ralph_Nader_2004_presidential_campaign" title="Ralph Nader 2004 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CD3700;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_USA" title="Socialist Party USA">Socialist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Walt_Brown_(politician)" title="Walt Brown (politician)">Walt Brown</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Mary_Alice_Herbert" title="Mary Alice Herbert">Mary Alice Herbert</a></b></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other candidates</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Eric_Chester" title="Eric Chester">Eric Chester</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #AA0000;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(United_States)" title="Socialist Workers Party (United States)">Socialist Workers Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B3ger_Calero" title="Róger Calero">Róger Calero</a></b></dd> <dt>Alternate nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/James_Harris_(Socialist_Workers_Party_politician)" title="James Harris (Socialist Workers Party politician)">James Harris</a></b></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Arrin_Hawkins" title="Arrin Hawkins">Arrin Hawkins</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF33AA;"><a href="/wiki/Workers_World_Party" title="Workers World Party">Workers World Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b>John Parker</b></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><b>Teresa Gutierrez</b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independents</a> and other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Harens" title="Thomas Harens">Thomas Harens</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tom_Laughlin" title="Tom Laughlin">Tom Laughlin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Nader" title="Ralph Nader">Ralph Nader</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ralph_Nader_2004_presidential_campaign" title="Ralph Nader 2004 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Peltier" title="Leonard Peltier">Leonard Peltier</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Joe_Schriner" title="Joe Schriner">Joe Schriner</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Template:2004_United_States_elections" title="Template:2004 United States elections">Other 2004 elections</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2004 United States House of Representatives elections">House</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2004 United States Senate elections">Senate</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_gubernatorial_elections" title="2004 United States gubernatorial elections">Gubernatorial</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="George_W._Bush" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:George_W._Bush" title="Template:George W. Bush"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:George_W._Bush" title="Template talk:George W. Bush"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:George_W._Bush" title="Special:EditPage/Template:George W. Bush"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="George_W._Bush" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">43rd</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (2001–2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Texas" title="List of governors of Texas">46th</a> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Texas" title="Governor of Texas">Governor of Texas</a> (1995–2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidency of George W. Bush">Presidency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidential transition of George W. Bush">Transition</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_George_W._Bush" title="First inauguration of George W. Bush">1st inauguration</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_George_W._Bush" title="Second inauguration of George W. Bush">2nd inauguration</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_W._Bush_presidency" title="Timeline of the George W. Bush presidency">Timeline</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_W._Bush_presidency_(2001)" title="Timeline of the George W. Bush presidency (2001)">2001</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_W._Bush_presidency_(2002)" title="Timeline of the George W. Bush presidency (2002)">2002</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_W._Bush_presidency_(2003)" title="Timeline of the George W. Bush presidency (2003)">2003</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_W._Bush_presidency_(2004)" title="Timeline of the George W. Bush presidency (2004)">2004</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_W._Bush_presidency_(2005)" title="Timeline of the George W. Bush presidency (2005)">2005</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_W._Bush_presidency_(2006)" title="Timeline of the George W. Bush presidency (2006)">2006</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_W._Bush_presidency_(2007)" title="Timeline of the George W. Bush presidency (2007)">2007</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_W._Bush_presidency_(2008%E2%80%932009)" title="Timeline of the George W. Bush presidency (2008–2009)">2008</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_W._Bush_presidency_(2008%E2%80%932009)#January_2009" title="Timeline of the George W. Bush presidency (2008–2009)">January 2009</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Domestic_policy_of_the_George_W._Bush_administration" title="Domestic policy of the George W. Bush administration">Domestic policy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_George_W._Bush_legislation_and_programs" title="List of George W. Bush legislation and programs">Legislation and programs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Economic_policy_of_the_George_W._Bush_administration" title="Economic policy of the George W. Bush administration">Economic policy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_George_W._Bush_administration" title="Foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration">Foreign policy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_George_W._Bush" title="List of international presidential trips made by George W. Bush">International trips</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bush_Doctrine" title="Bush Doctrine">Bush Doctrine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russia%E2%80%93United_States_summits" title="List of Russia–United States summits">Russia summits</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia_Summit_2001" title="Slovenia Summit 2001">Slovenia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia_Summit_2005" title="Slovakia Summit 2005">Slovakia</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/U.S.%E2%80%93Iraq_Status_of_Forces_Agreement" title="U.S.–Iraq Status of Forces Agreement">Status of Forces Agreement</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Patriot_Act" title="Patriot Act">Patriot Act</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/No_Child_Left_Behind_Act" title="No Child Left Behind Act">No Child Left Behind Act</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Medicare_Prescription_Drug,_Improvement,_and_Modernization_Act" title="Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act">Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/USA_Freedom_Corps" title="USA Freedom Corps">USA Freedom Corps</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">Department of Homeland Security</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Space_policy_of_the_George_W._Bush_administration" title="Space policy of the George W. Bush administration">Space policy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Offensive_Reductions_Treaty" title="Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty">Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/War_on_terror" title="War on terror">"War on Terror"</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/President%27s_Council_on_Service_and_Civic_Participation" title="President's Council on Service and Civic Participation">President's Council on Service and Civic Participation</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/President%27s_Volunteer_Service_Award" title="President's Volunteer Service Award">award</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dismissal_of_U.S._attorneys_controversy" title="Dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy">Dismissal of U.S. attorneys controversy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bush_White_House_email_controversy" title="Bush White House email controversy">Email controversy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_George_W._Bush" title="List of federal judges appointed by George W. Bush">Judicial appointments</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="George W. Bush Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court candidates</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Roberts_Supreme_Court_nomination" class="mw-redirect" title="John Roberts Supreme Court nomination">John Roberts</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Miers_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Harriet Miers Supreme Court nomination">Harriet Miers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Alito_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Samuel Alito Supreme Court nomination">Samuel Alito</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_judicial_appointment_controversies" title="George W. Bush judicial appointment controversies">controversies</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="George W. Bush Cabinet">Cabinet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_pardoned_by_George_W._Bush" title="List of people pardoned by George W. Bush">Pardons</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_George_W._Bush" title="Efforts to impeach George W. Bush">Impeachment efforts</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:George_W._Bush/Executive_orders" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:George W. Bush/Executive orders">Executive orders</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:George_W._Bush/Presidential_Proclamations" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:George W. Bush/Presidential Proclamations">Presidential proclamations</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Barack_Obama" title="Presidential transition of Barack Obama">Obama transition</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/100px-George-W-Bush.jpeg" decoding="async" width="100" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/150px-George-W-Bush.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/200px-George-W-Bush.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2267" data-file-height="3000" /></span></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life and<br />legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_Childhood_Home" title="George W. Bush Childhood Home">Childhood home</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Early_life_of_George_W._Bush" title="Early life of George W. Bush">Early life and career</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_Presidential_Center" title="George W. Bush Presidential Center">Presidential library</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Presidential_portraits_of_George_W._and_Laura_Bush" title="Presidential portraits of George W. and Laura Bush">Presidential portrait</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_military_service_controversy" title="George W. Bush military service controversy">Military service controversy</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Killian_documents_controversy" title="Killian documents controversy">Killian documents controversy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Killian_documents_authenticity_issues" title="Killian documents authenticity issues">authenticity issues</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Professional_life_of_George_W._Bush" title="Professional life of George W. Bush">Professional life</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Governorship_of_George_W._Bush" title="Governorship of George W. Bush">Governorship of Texas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prairie_Chapel_Ranch" title="Prairie Chapel Ranch">Prairie Chapel Ranch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walker%27s_Point_Estate" title="Walker's Point Estate">Walker's Point Estate</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Bush_Haiti_Fund" title="Clinton Bush Haiti Fund">Clinton Bush Haiti Fund</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Axis_of_evil" title="Axis of evil">Axis of evil</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mission_Accomplished_speech" title="Mission Accomplished speech">Mission Accomplished</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/February_2001_George_W._Bush_speech_to_a_joint_session_of_Congress" title="February 2001 George W. Bush speech to a joint session of Congress">Joint session of Congress</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/September_2001_George_W._Bush_speech_to_a_joint_session_of_Congress" title="September 2001 George W. Bush speech to a joint session of Congress">Joint session of Congress (September 11 attacks)</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Union" title="State of the Union">State of the Union addresses</a> </span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2002_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2002 State of the Union Address">2002</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2003_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2003 State of the Union Address">2003</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2004_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2004 State of the Union Address">2004</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2005_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2005 State of the Union Address">2005</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2006_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2006 State of the Union Address">2006</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2007_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2007 State of the Union Address">2007</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2008_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2008 State of the Union Address">2008</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_George_W._Bush" title="Electoral history of George W. Bush">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S. House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1978_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1978 United States House of Representatives elections">1978</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gubernatorial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1994_Texas_gubernatorial_election" title="1994 Texas gubernatorial election">1994</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1998_Texas_gubernatorial_election" title="1998 Texas gubernatorial election">1998</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_2000_presidential_campaign" title="George W. Bush 2000 presidential campaign">2000 campaign</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2000_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2000 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2000_Republican_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2000 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection">running mate selection</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2000_Republican_National_Convention" title="2000 Republican National Convention">convention</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2000 United States presidential debates">debates</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">election</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Bush_v._Gore" title="Bush v. Gore">Bush v. Gore</a></i></span></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_2004_presidential_campaign" title="George W. Bush 2004 presidential campaign">2004 campaign</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2004_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2004 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2004_Republican_National_Convention" title="2004 Republican National Convention">convention</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">debates</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">election</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Public_image_of_George_W._Bush" title="Public image of George W. Bush">Public image</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bushism" title="Bushism">Bushisms</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_nicknames_used_by_George_W._Bush" title="List of nicknames used by George W. Bush">Nicknames</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_books_and_films_about_George_W._Bush" class="mw-redirect" title="List of books and films about George W. Bush">As the subject of books and films</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fictionalized_portrayals_of_George_W._Bush" title="Fictionalized portrayals of George W. Bush">Fictionalized portrayals</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Miss_Me_Yet%3F" title="Miss Me Yet?">Miss Me Yet?</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Yo,_Blair" title="Yo, Blair">Yo, Blair</a>"</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_George_W._Bush" title="Bibliography of George W. Bush">Books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/A_Charge_to_Keep" title="A Charge to Keep">A Charge to Keep</a></i> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Decision_Points" title="Decision Points">Decision Points</a></i> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/41:_A_Portrait_of_My_Father" title="41: A Portrait of My Father">41: A Portrait of My Father</a></i> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Portraits_of_Courage" title="Portraits of Courage">Portraits of Courage</a></i> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Out_of_Many,_One:_Portraits_of_America%27s_Immigrants" title="Out of Many, One: Portraits of America's Immigrants">Out of Many, One</a></i> (2021)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular<br />culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fahrenheit_9/11" title="Fahrenheit 9/11"><i>Fahrenheit 9/11</i> (2004 documentary)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/W._(film)" title="W. (film)"><i>W.</i> (2008 film)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bush_family" title="Bush family">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laura_Bush" title="Laura Bush">Laura Bush</a> (wife)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Bush_(born_1981)" title="Barbara Bush (born 1981)">Barbara Pierce Bush</a> (daughter)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jenna_Bush_Hager" title="Jenna Bush Hager">Jenna Bush Hager</a> (daughter)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> (father)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Bush" title="Barbara Bush">Barbara Bush</a> (mother)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Robinson_Bush" title="Pauline Robinson Bush">Robin Bush</a> (sister)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeb_Bush" title="Jeb Bush">Jeb Bush</a> (brother)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Neil_Bush" title="Neil Bush">Neil Bush</a> (brother)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Bush" title="Marvin Bush">Marvin Bush</a> (brother)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Bush_Koch" title="Dorothy Bush Koch">Dorothy Bush Koch</a> (sister)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barney_(dog)" title="Barney (dog)">Barney</a> (dog)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Miss_Beazley" title="Miss Beazley">Miss Beazley</a> (dog)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/India_(cat)" title="India (cat)">India</a> (cat)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Spot_Fetcher" title="Spot Fetcher">Spot Fetcher</a> (dog)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">← Bill Clinton</a></b></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama →</a></b></span></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:George_W._Bush" title="Category:George W. Bush">Category</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dick_Cheney" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dick_Cheney" title="Template:Dick Cheney"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dick_Cheney" title="Template talk:Dick Cheney"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dick_Cheney" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dick Cheney"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dick_Cheney" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">46th</a> <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a> (2001–2009)</li> <li>17th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">United States Secretary of Defense</a> (1989–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. Representative</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wyoming%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Wyoming's at-large congressional district">WY–AL</a> (1979–1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Dick_Cheney" title="Electoral history of Dick Cheney">Electoral history</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S. House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1978_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Wyoming" class="mw-redirect" title="1978 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Wyoming" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Wyoming" class="mw-redirect" title="1982 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Wyoming" title="1984 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Wyoming" title="1986 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Wyoming" title="1988 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming">1988</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vice presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_2000_presidential_campaign" title="George W. Bush 2000 presidential campaign">2000 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_Republican_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2000 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection">selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Republican_National_Convention" title="2000 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_debates#October_5:_Vice_presidential_debate_(Centre_College)" title="2000 United States presidential debates">debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidential transition of George W. Bush">transition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush_2004_presidential_campaign" title="George W. Bush 2004 presidential campaign">2004 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Republican_National_Convention" title="2004 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#October_5:_Vice_presidential_debate_(Case_Western_Reserve_University)">debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy and<br />public image</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agathidium_cheneyi" title="Agathidium cheneyi">Agathidium cheneyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney_hunting_accident" title="Dick Cheney hunting accident">Dick Cheney hunting accident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Dick_Cheney" title="Efforts to impeach Dick Cheney">Efforts to impeach Dick Cheney</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Exceptional:_Why_the_World_Needs_a_Powerful_America" title="Exceptional: Why the World Needs a Powerful America">Exceptional: Why the World Needs a Powerful America</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_My_Time:_A_Personal_and_Political_Memoir" title="In My Time: A Personal and Political Memoir">In My Time: A Personal and Political Memoir</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vice_(2018_film)" title="Vice (2018 film)">Vice</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Halliburton" title="Halliburton">Halliburton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Barack_Obama" title="Presidential transition of Barack Obama">Obama transition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family and<br />personal life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lynne_Cheney" title="Lynne Cheney">Lynne Cheney</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liz_Cheney" title="Liz Cheney">Liz Cheney</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Cheney" title="Mary Cheney">Mary Cheney</a> (daughter)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">← Al Gore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="John_Kerry" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:John_Kerry" title="Template:John Kerry"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:John_Kerry" title="Template talk:John Kerry"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:John_Kerry" title="Special:EditPage/Template:John Kerry"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="John_Kerry" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_secretaries_of_state_of_the_United_States" title="List of secretaries of state of the United States">68th</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">United States Secretary of State</a> (2013–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">from Massachusetts</a> (1985–2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Career</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_career_of_John_Kerry" title="Military career of John Kerry">Military career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerry%E2%80%93Feingold_Amendment" title="Kerry–Feingold Amendment">Kerry–Feingold Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry_Parameters" title="John Kerry Parameters">John Kerry Parameters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_trips_made_by_John_Kerry_as_United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="List of international trips made by John Kerry as United States Secretary of State">Foreign trips</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/John_Kerry_official_Secretary_of_State_portrait.jpg/60px-John_Kerry_official_Secretary_of_State_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/John_Kerry_official_Secretary_of_State_portrait.jpg/90px-John_Kerry_official_Secretary_of_State_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/John_Kerry_official_Secretary_of_State_portrait.jpg/120px-John_Kerry_official_Secretary_of_State_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="512" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_State.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Seal_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_State.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_State.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Seal_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_State.svg/90px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_State.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Seal_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_State.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_State.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="890" data-file-height="890" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_John_Kerry" title="Electoral history of John Kerry">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S. Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1984 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1990 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1996 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2002 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_Senate_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2008 United States Senate election in Massachusetts">2008</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry_2004_presidential_campaign" title="John Kerry 2004 presidential campaign">2004 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2004 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2004 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection">running mate selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2004 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Going_Upriver" title="Going Upriver">Going Upriver</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Soldier" title="The New Soldier">The New Soldier</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry_military_service_controversy" title="John Kerry military service controversy">Military service controversy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swiftboating" title="Swiftboating">swiftboating</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Unfit_for_Command" title="Unfit for Command">Unfit for Command</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forbes_family" title="Forbes family">Forbes family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teresa_Heinz" title="Teresa Heinz">Teresa Heinz</a> (second wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Thorne" title="Julia Thorne">Julia Thorne</a> (first wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Kerry" title="Alexandra Kerry">Alexandra Kerry</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Kerry" title="Vanessa Kerry">Vanessa Kerry</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Kerry" title="Richard Kerry">Richard Kerry</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Forbes_Kerry" title="Rosemary Forbes Kerry">Rosemary Forbes Kerry</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameron_Kerry" title="Cameron Kerry">Cameron Kerry</a> (brother)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="John_Edwards" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:John_Edwards" title="Template:John Edwards"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:John_Edwards" title="Template talk:John Edwards"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:John_Edwards" title="Special:EditPage/Template:John Edwards"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="John_Edwards" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards">John Edwards</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Edwards" title="Elizabeth Edwards">Elizabeth Edwards</a> (1949–2010; wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cate_Edwards" title="Cate Edwards">Cate Edwards</a> (elder daughter)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/John_Edwards%2C_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg/110px-John_Edwards%2C_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/John_Edwards%2C_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg/165px-John_Edwards%2C_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/John_Edwards%2C_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg/220px-John_Edwards%2C_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="1445" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other associates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rielle_Hunter" class="mw-redirect" title="Rielle Hunter">Rielle Hunter</a> (campaign videographer and ex-mistress)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S. Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1998_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Carolina" title="1998 United States Senate election in North Carolina">1998</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Edwards_2004_presidential_campaign" title="John Edwards 2004 presidential campaign">2004 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2004 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edwards_2008_presidential_campaign" title="John Edwards 2008 presidential campaign">2008 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vice presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry_2004_presidential_campaign" title="John Kerry 2004 presidential campaign">2004 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2004 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection">selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2004 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#October_5:_Vice_presidential_debate_(Case_Western_Reserve_University)">debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political themes and issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_John_Edwards" title="Political positions of John Edwards">Political positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edwards_extramarital_affair" title="John Edwards extramarital affair">Extramarital affair</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Two_Americas" title="Two Americas">Two Americas</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books authored</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Four_Trials" title="Four Trials">Four Trials</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Arizona_State_University" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#7D2248;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #FFC72C, inset -2px -2px 0 #FFC72C;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arizona_State_University" title="Template:Arizona State University"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Arizona_State_University" title="Template talk:Arizona State University"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arizona_State_University" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Arizona State University"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Arizona_State_University" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University" title="Arizona State University"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFFFFF">Arizona State University</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#7D2248;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #FFC72C, inset -2px -2px 0 #FFC72C;"><div><b>Located in</b>: <a href="/wiki/Tempe,_Arizona" title="Tempe, Arizona"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Tempe, Arizona</span></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#7D2248;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #FFC72C, inset -2px -2px 0 #FFC72C;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_schools_of_Arizona_State_University" title="List of colleges and schools of Arizona State University"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFFFFF">Academics</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W._P._Carey_School_of_Business" title="W. P. Carey School of Business">W. P. Carey School of Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herberger_Institute_for_Design_and_the_Arts" title="Herberger Institute for Design and the Arts">Herberger Institute for Design and the Arts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Design_%26_Merchandising" title="Fashion Institute of Design & Merchandising">ASU FIDM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ira_A._Fulton_Schools_of_Engineering" title="Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering">Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrett,_The_Honors_College" title="Barrett, The Honors College">Barrett, The Honors College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Cronkite_School_of_Journalism_and_Mass_Communication" title="Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication">Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Day_O%27Connor_College_of_Law" title="Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law">Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASU_College_of_Liberal_Arts_and_Sciences" title="ASU College of Liberal Arts and Sciences">College of Liberal Arts and Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_College_of_Interdisciplinary_Arts_and_Sciences" title="New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences">New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watts_College_of_Public_Service_%26_Community_Solutions" title="Watts College of Public Service & Community Solutions">Watts College of Public Service & Community Solutions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morrison_Institute_for_Public_Policy" title="Morrison Institute for Public Policy">Morrison Institute for Public Policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASU_School_of_Sustainability" title="ASU School of Sustainability">School of Sustainability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Lou_Fulton_Teachers_College" title="Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College">Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderbird_School_of_Global_Management" title="Thunderbird School of Global Management">Thunderbird School of Global Management</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#7D2248;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #FFC72C, inset -2px -2px 0 #FFC72C;;width:1%">Campuses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University_Tempe_campus" title="Arizona State University Tempe campus">Main</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tempe,_Arizona" title="Tempe, Arizona">Tempe</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University_Downtown_Phoenix_campus" title="Arizona State University Downtown Phoenix campus">Downtown</a> (<a href="/wiki/Downtown_Phoenix" title="Downtown Phoenix">Phoenix</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University_Polytechnic_campus" title="Arizona State University Polytechnic campus">Polytechnic</a> (Mesa)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University_West_campus" title="Arizona State University West campus">West</a> (<a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASU_Colleges_at_Lake_Havasu_City" class="mw-redirect" title="ASU Colleges at Lake Havasu City">ASU Colleges at Lake Havasu City</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lake_Havasu_City,_Arizona" title="Lake Havasu City, Arizona">Lake Havasu City</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_College_of_ASU" title="California College of ASU">California College of ASU</a> (Los Angeles)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Herald_Examiner" title="Los Angeles Herald Examiner">ASU California Center - Broadway</a> (Los Angeles)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Design_%26_Merchandising" title="Fashion Institute of Design & Merchandising">ASU California Center - Grand</a> (Los Angeles)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_campus" title="Virtual campus">ASU Online</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#7D2248;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #FFC72C, inset -2px -2px 0 #FFC72C;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_Sun_Devils" title="Arizona State Sun Devils"><span style="color:white">Athletics</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#7D2248;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #FFC72C, inset -2px -2px 0 #FFC72C;;width:1%">Teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_Sun_Devils_baseball" title="Arizona State Sun Devils baseball">Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_Sun_Devils_men%27s_basketball" title="Arizona State Sun Devils men's basketball">Men's basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_Sun_Devils_women%27s_basketball" title="Arizona State Sun Devils women's basketball">Women's basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_Sun_Devils_women%27s_beach_volleyball" title="Arizona State Sun Devils women's beach volleyball">Women's beach volleyball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_Sun_Devils_football" title="Arizona State Sun Devils football">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_Sun_Devils#Golf" title="Arizona State Sun Devils">Golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_Sun_Devils_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Arizona State Sun Devils men's ice hockey">Men's ice hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_Sun_Devils_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Arizona State Sun Devils women's ice hockey">Women's ice hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_Sun_Devils_softball" title="Arizona State Sun Devils softball">Softball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_Sun_Devils#Wrestling" title="Arizona State Sun Devils">Wrestling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#7D2248;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #FFC72C, inset -2px -2px 0 #FFC72C;;width:1%">Venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alberta_B._Farrington_Softball_Stadium" title="Alberta B. Farrington Softball Stadium">Alberta Farrington Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_Financial_Arena" title="Desert Financial Arena">Desert Financial Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karsten_Golf_Course" title="Karsten Golf Course">Karsten Golf Course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mona_Plummer_Aquatic_Center" title="Mona Plummer Aquatic Center">Mona Plummer Aquatic Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_America_Stadium" title="Mountain America Stadium">Mountain America Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mullett_Arena" title="Mullett Arena">Mullett Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PERA_Club_(Tempe,_Arizona)" class="mw-redirect" title="PERA Club (Tempe, Arizona)">PERA Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Municipal_Stadium" title="Phoenix Municipal Stadium">Phoenix Municipal Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Devil_Soccer_Stadium" title="Sun Devil Soccer Stadium">Sun Devil Soccer Stadium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#7D2248;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #FFC72C, inset -2px -2px 0 #FFC72C;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maroon_%26_Gold" title="Maroon & Gold">Maroon & Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Farm_Territorial_Cup_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="State Farm Territorial Cup Series">State Farm Territorial Cup Series</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#7D2248;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #FFC72C, inset -2px -2px 0 #FFC72C;;width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bilingual_Review_Press" title="Bilingual Review Press">Bilingual Review Press</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Issues_in_Science_and_Technology" title="Issues in Science and Technology">Issues in Science and Technology</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Policy_History" title="Journal of Policy History">Journal of Policy History</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_State_Press" title="The State Press">The State Press</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KASC_(AM)" class="mw-redirect" title="KASC (AM)">KASC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KAET" title="KAET">KAET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KBAQ" title="KBAQ">KBAQ</a> (50%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#7D2248;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #FFC72C, inset -2px -2px 0 #FFC72C;;width:1%">Buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arboretum_at_Arizona_State_University" title="Arboretum at Arizona State University">Arboretum at Arizona State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University_Art_Museum" title="Arizona State University Art Museum">Arizona State University Art Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University_Research_Park" title="Arizona State University Research Park">Arizona State University Research Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Biodesign_Institute" title="The Biodesign Institute">The Biodesign Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Meteorite_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Center for Meteorite Studies">Center for Meteorite Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decision_Theater" title="Decision Theater">Decision Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gammage_Memorial_Auditorium" title="Gammage Memorial Auditorium">Gammage Memorial Auditorium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Lincoln_Kerr_House_and_Studio" title="Louise Lincoln Kerr House and Studio">Louise Lincoln Kerr House and Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Main_(Arizona_State_University)" title="Old Main (Arizona State University)">Old Main</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#7D2248;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #FFC72C, inset -2px -2px 0 #FFC72C;;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2004 U.S. presidential debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arizona_State_University_alumni" title="List of Arizona State University alumni">Alumni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempe_Butte" title="Tempe Butte">"A" Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fraternities_and_sororities_at_Arizona_State_University" class="mw-redirect" title="List of fraternities and sororities at Arizona State University">Fraternities and sororities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_schools_of_Arizona_State_University" title="List of colleges and schools of Arizona State University">Colleges and schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Arizona_State_University" title="History of Arizona State University">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Valley_Petroglyph_Preserve" title="Deer Valley Petroglyph Preserve">Deer Valley Petroglyph Preserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karsten_Golf_Course" title="Karsten Golf Course">Karsten Golf Course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Devil_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Devil Stadium">Frank Kush Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_Walk" title="Palm Walk">Palm Walk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparky_the_Sun_Devil" title="Sparky the Sun Devil">Sparky the Sun Devil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stomp_the_Bus" title="Stomp the Bus">Stomp the Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Devil_Marching_Band" title="Sun Devil Marching Band">Sun Devil Marching Band</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#7D2248;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #FFC72C, inset -2px -2px 0 #FFC72C;"><div> <ul><li><b>Founded</b>: 1885</li> <li><b>Students</b>: 135,729 (77,881 on campus and 57,848 digital)</li> <li><b>Endowment</b>: $1.39 billion</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Case_Western_Reserve_University" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#0A304E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #626262, inset -2px -2px 0 #626262;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Case_Western_Reserve_University" title="Template:Case Western Reserve University"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Case_Western_Reserve_University" title="Template talk:Case Western Reserve University"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Case_Western_Reserve_University" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Case Western Reserve University"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Case_Western_Reserve_University" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_University" title="Case Western Reserve University"><span style="color:white;">Case Western Reserve University</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#0A304E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #626262, inset -2px -2px 0 #626262;;width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#0A304E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #626262, inset -2px -2px 0 #626262;;width:1%">Schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Case_School_of_Engineering" title="Case School of Engineering">Case School of Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Arts_and_Sciences_(Case_Western_Reserve_University)" title="College of Arts and Sciences (Case Western Reserve University)">College of Arts and Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Payne_Bolton_School_of_Nursing" title="Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing">Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandel_School_of_Applied_Social_Sciences" title="Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences">Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_School_of_Dental_Medicine" title="Case School of Dental Medicine">School of Dental Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_University_School_of_Law" title="Case Western Reserve University School of Law">School of Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_University_School_of_Medicine" title="Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine">School of Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weatherhead_School_of_Management" title="Weatherhead School of Management">Weatherhead School of Management</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#0A304E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #626262, inset -2px -2px 0 #626262;;width:1%">Notable</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2004 U.S. presidential debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2020 United States presidential debates">2020 U.S. presidential debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_Comprehensive_Cancer_Center" title="Case Comprehensive Cancer Center">Case Comprehensive Cancer Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_University_-_Biomedical_Engineering" title="Case Western Reserve University - Biomedical Engineering">Department of Biomedical Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_K._Cox_International_Law_Center" title="Frederick K. Cox International Law Center">Frederick K. Cox International Law Center</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_Journal_of_International_Law" title="Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law">Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Allen_Memorial_Medical_Library_Exterior.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Allen_Memorial_Medical_Library_Exterior.jpg/128px-Allen_Memorial_Medical_Library_Exterior.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Allen_Memorial_Medical_Library_Exterior.jpg/192px-Allen_Memorial_Medical_Library_Exterior.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Allen_Memorial_Medical_Library_Exterior.jpg/256px-Allen_Memorial_Medical_Library_Exterior.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3008" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#0A304E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #626262, inset -2px -2px 0 #626262;;width:1%">Campus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelbert_Hall" title="Adelbert Hall">Adelbert Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Memorial_Medical_Library" title="Allen Memorial Medical Library">Allen Memorial Medical Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dittrick_Museum_of_Medical_History" title="Dittrick Museum of Medical History">Dittrick Museum of Medical History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_Stone_Mather_College_Historic_District" title="Flora Stone Mather College Historic District">Flora Stone Mather Quadrangle</a> ·</li> <li>Kent H. Smith Quadrangle</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_Education_Campus" title="Health Education Campus">Health Education Campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltz_Performing_Arts_Center" title="Maltz Performing Arts Center">Maltz Performing Arts Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mather_House_(Case_Western_Reserve_University)" title="Mather House (Case Western Reserve University)">Mather House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelson-Morley_Memorial_Fountain" title="Michelson-Morley Memorial Fountain">Michelson-Morley Memorial Fountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Babies_%26_Children%27s_Hospital" title="Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital">Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Hospitals_Cleveland_Medical_Center" title="University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center">University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_and_Swasey_Observatory" title="Warner and Swasey Observatory">Warner and Swasey Observatory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#0A304E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #626262, inset -2px -2px 0 #626262;;width:1%">Athletics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_Spartans" title="Case Western Reserve Spartans">Case Western Reserve Spartans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_Spartans_football" title="Case Western Reserve Spartans football">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academic_Bowl_(college_football)" title="Academic Bowl (college football)">Academic Bowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DiSanto_Field" title="DiSanto Field">DiSanto Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Athletic_Association" title="University Athletic Association">University Athletic Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#0A304E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #626262, inset -2px -2px 0 #626262;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Case_Western_Reserve_University_people" title="List of Case Western Reserve University people">Notable alumni and affiliates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_Western_Reserve_University#Nobel_laureates" title="Case Western Reserve University"> Nobel laureates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Case_Western_Reserve_University" title="List of presidents of Case Western Reserve University">Presidents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#0A304E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #626262, inset -2px -2px 0 #626262;;width:1%">Student life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2003_Case_Western_Reserve_University_shooting" title="2003 Case Western Reserve University shooting">2003 shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhamakapella" title="Dhamakapella">Dhamakapella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CWRU_Film_Society_Science_Fiction_Marathon" title="CWRU Film Society Science Fiction Marathon">Science Fiction Film Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRUW-FM" title="WRUW-FM">WRUW-FM</a></li> <li><i>The Observer</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="University_of_Miami" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_Miami" title="Template:University of Miami"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:University_of_Miami" title="Template talk:University of Miami"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:University_of_Miami" title="Special:EditPage/Template:University of Miami"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="University_of_Miami" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Miami" title="University of Miami"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">University of Miami</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;"><div><b>Located in:</b> <a href="/wiki/Coral_Gables,_Florida" title="Coral Gables, Florida"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Coral Gables, Florida</span></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;;width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Herbert_Business_School" title="Miami Herbert Business School">School of Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosenstiel_School_of_Marine,_Atmospheric,_and_Earth_Science" title="Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science">School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frost_School_of_Music" title="Frost School of Music">School of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Miami_School_of_Law" title="University of Miami School of Law">School of Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miller_School_of_Medicine" title="Miller School of Medicine">School of Medicine</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Miami_Herbert_Business_School.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Miami_Herbert_Business_School.jpg/100px-Miami_Herbert_Business_School.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Miami_Herbert_Business_School.jpg/150px-Miami_Herbert_Business_School.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Miami_Herbert_Business_School.jpg/200px-Miami_Herbert_Business_School.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Miami_Hurricanes" title="Miami Hurricanes"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Athletics</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;;width:1%">Teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Hurricanes_baseball" title="Miami Hurricanes baseball">Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Hurricanes_men%27s_basketball" title="Miami Hurricanes men's basketball">Men's basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Hurricanes_women%27s_basketball" title="Miami Hurricanes women's basketball">Women's basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Hurricanes_football" title="Miami Hurricanes football">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Hurricanes_women%27s_soccer" title="Miami Hurricanes women's soccer">Women's soccer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Miami_Rugby_Football_Club" title="University of Miami Rugby Football Club">Rugby</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;;width:1%">Venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cobb_Stadium" title="Cobb Stadium">Cobb Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_Rock_Stadium" title="Hard Rock Stadium">Hard Rock Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Rodriguez_Park_at_Mark_Light_Field" title="Alex Rodriguez Park at Mark Light Field">Mark Light Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Orange_Bowl" title="Miami Orange Bowl">Orange Bowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watsco_Center" title="Watsco Center">Watsco Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;;width:1%">Rivalries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Florida_Cup" title="Florida Cup">Florida Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida%E2%80%93Miami_football_rivalry" title="Florida–Miami football rivalry">Florida rivalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_State%E2%80%93Miami_football_rivalry" title="Florida State–Miami football rivalry">Florida State rivalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami%E2%80%93Nebraska_football_rivalry" title="Miami–Nebraska football rivalry">Nebraska rivalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami%E2%80%93Virginia_Tech_football_rivalry" title="Miami–Virginia Tech football rivalry">Virginia Tech rivalry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;;width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Maniac" title="Miami Maniac">Miami Maniac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_the_Ibis" title="Sebastian the Ibis">Sebastian the Ibis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Coast_Conference" title="Atlantic Coast Conference">ACC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Miami_Hurricanes_bowl_games" title="List of Miami Hurricanes bowl games">Bowl games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;;width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Gifford_Arboretum" title="John C. Gifford Arboretum">Arboretum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bascom_Palmer_Eye_Institute" title="Bascom Palmer Eye Institute">Bascom Palmer Eye Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooperative_Institute_for_Marine_and_Atmospheric_Studies" title="Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies">CIMAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Southeastern_Tropical_Advanced_Remote_Sensing" title="Center for Southeastern Tropical Advanced Remote Sensing">CSTARS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Miami_Division_of_Surgical_Neurooncology" title="University of Miami Division of Surgical Neurooncology">Division of Surgical Neurooncology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Hussman_Institute_for_Human_Genomics" title="John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics">Institute for Human Genomics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Memorial_Hospital" title="Jackson Memorial Hospital">Jackson Memorial Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Osceola_(Coral_Gables)" title="Lake Osceola (Coral Gables)">Lake Osceola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Salt_Spring" title="Little Salt Spring">Little Salt Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowe_Art_Museum" title="Lowe Art Museum">Lowe Art Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Project_to_Cure_Paralysis" title="Miami Project to Cure Paralysis">Miami Project to Cure Paralysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_City_Hospital,_Building_No._1" title="Miami City Hospital, Building No. 1">The Alamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Herman_Ring_Theatre" title="Jerry Herman Ring Theatre">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_station_(Miami-Dade_County)" title="University station (Miami-Dade County)">University Station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;;width:1%">Activities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Band_of_the_Hour" title="Band of the Hour">Band of the Hour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;;width:1%">Honors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iron_Arrow_Honor_Society" title="Iron Arrow Honor Society">Iron Arrow Honor Society</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;;width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bulletin_of_Marine_Science" title="Bulletin of Marine Science">Bulletin of Marine Science</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Miami_Hurricane" title="The Miami Hurricane">The Miami Hurricane</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WVUM" title="WVUM">WVUM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Miami_Alma_Mater" title="University of Miami Alma Mater">Alma mater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Health_System" title="Jackson Health System">Jackson Health System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_North-South_Center" title="The North-South Center">The North-South Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_University_of_Miami_alumni" title="List of University of Miami alumni">Notable alumni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_University_of_Miami_faculty" title="List of University of Miami faculty">Notable faculty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Presidents_of_the_University_of_Miami" title="Category:Presidents of the University of Miami">Presidents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;;width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2004 U.S. presidential debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Miami_Justice_for_Janitors_campaign" title="University of Miami Justice for Janitors campaign">2006 custodians strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_University_of_Miami_athletics_scandal" title="2011 University of Miami athletics scandal">2011 athletics scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JMWAVE" title="JMWAVE">JMWAVE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;;width:1%">Documentaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_U_(film)" title="The U (film)">The U</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catholics_vs._Convicts_(film)" title="Catholics vs. Convicts (film)">Catholics vs. Convicts</a></i> (2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#005030; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #F47321, inset -2px -2px 0 #F47321;"><div> <ul><li><b>Founded:</b> 1925</li> <li><b>Students:</b> 19,402 (2022)</li> <li><b>Endowment:</b> $1.34 billion (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Washington_University_in_St._Louis" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#A51417;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #007360, inset -2px -2px 0 #007360;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:WUSTL" title="Template:WUSTL"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:WUSTL" title="Template talk:WUSTL"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:WUSTL" title="Special:EditPage/Template:WUSTL"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Washington_University_in_St._Louis" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis" title="Washington University in St. Louis"><span style="color:white">Washington University in St. Louis</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A51417;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #007360, inset -2px -2px 0 #007360;;width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_Libraries" title="Washington University Libraries">Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_School_of_Arts_and_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington University School of Arts and Sciences">School of Arts and Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McKelvey_School_of_Engineering" title="McKelvey School of Engineering">James McKelvey School of Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olin_Business_School" title="Olin Business School">Olin Business School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_School_of_Law" title="Washington University School of Law">School of Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_School_of_Medicine" title="Washington University School of Medicine">School of Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Warren_Brown_School_of_Social_Work" class="mw-redirect" title="George Warren Brown School of Social Work">George Warren Brown School of Social Work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Fox_School_of_Design_%26_Visual_Arts" title="Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts">Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Historical:</i> <a href="/wiki/Washington_University_School_of_Dental_Medicine" title="Washington University School of Dental Medicine">Washington University School of Dental Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_Laureates_affiliated_with_Washington_University_in_St._Louis" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Nobel Laureates affiliated with Washington University in St. Louis">List of Nobel Laureates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queeny_Tower" title="Queeny Tower">Queeny Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brookings_Hall_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Brookings_Hall_2008.jpg/128px-Brookings_Hall_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Brookings_Hall_2008.jpg/192px-Brookings_Hall_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Brookings_Hall_2008.jpg/256px-Brookings_Hall_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2336" data-file-height="3504" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A51417;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #007360, inset -2px -2px 0 #007360;;width:1%">Centers and institutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Social_Development" title="Center for Social Development">Center for Social Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Institute_for_the_Deaf" title="Central Institute for the Deaf">Central Institute for the Deaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gephardt_Institute_for_Civic_and_Community_Engagement" class="mw-redirect" title="Gephardt Institute for Civic and Community Engagement">Gephardt Institute for Civic and Community Engagement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallinckrodt_Institute_of_Radiology" title="Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology">Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Genome_Institute" title="McDonnell Genome Institute">McDonnell Genome Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyson_Research_Center" title="Tyson Research Center">Tyson Research Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitney_R._Harris_World_Law_Institute" title="Whitney R. Harris World Law Institute">Whitney R. Harris World Law Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A51417;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #007360, inset -2px -2px 0 #007360;;width:1%">Campus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barnes-Jewish_Hospital" title="Barnes-Jewish Hospital">Barnes-Jewish Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brookings_Hall" title="Brookings Hall">Brookings Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crow_Observatory" title="Crow Observatory">Crow Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danforth_Campus" title="Danforth Campus">Danforth Campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Olympic_Field" title="Francis Olympic Field">Francis Olympic Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis#Medical_Campus" title="Washington University in St. Louis">Medical Campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Lane_Kemper_Art_Museum" title="Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum">Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siteman_Cancer_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Siteman Cancer Center">Siteman Cancer Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Children%27s_Hospital" title="St. Louis Children's Hospital">St. Louis Children's Hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A51417;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #007360, inset -2px -2px 0 #007360;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_Bears" title="Washington University Bears"><span style="color:white">Athletics</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_Bears" title="Washington University Bears">Bears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Field_(St._Louis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis Field (St. Louis)">Francis Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Gymnasium" title="Francis Gymnasium">Francis Gymnasium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A51417;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #007360, inset -2px -2px 0 #007360;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Washington_University_alumni" title="List of Washington University alumni">Notable alumni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chancellors_of_Washington_University_in_St._Louis" title="List of chancellors of Washington University in St. Louis">Chancellors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Washington_University_faculty_and_staff" title="List of Washington University faculty and staff">Faculty and staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_affiliated_with_Washington_University_in_St._Louis" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Nobel laureates affiliated with Washington University in St. Louis">Affiliated Nobel laureates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Greenleaf_Eliot" title="William Greenleaf Eliot">William Greenleaf Eliot, founder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A51417;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #007360, inset -2px -2px 0 #007360;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Washington_University_in_St._Louis" title="History of Washington University in St. Louis"><span style="color:white">History</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2004 U.S. presidential debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2008 United States presidential debates">2008 U.S. presidential debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2016 United States presidential debates">2016 U.S. presidential debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Washington_University_in_St._Louis" title="History of Washington University in St. Louis">Historical overview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_School_of_Fine_Arts" title="St. Louis School of Fine Arts">St. Louis School of Fine Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_Hilltop_Campus_Historic_District" title="Washington University Hilltop Campus Historic District">Historic District</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A51417;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #007360, inset -2px -2px 0 #007360;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Campus_life_at_Washington_University_in_St._Louis" title="Campus life at Washington University in St. Louis"><span style="color:white">Campus life</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/After_Dark_(Washington_University_in_St._Louis)" title="After Dark (Washington University in St. Louis)"> After Dark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KWUR" title="KWUR">KWUR Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosaic_Whispers" title="Mosaic Whispers">Mosaic Whispers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campus_Life_at_Washington_University_in_St._Louis#Residential_Colleges" class="mw-redirect" title="Campus Life at Washington University in St. Louis">Residential colleges</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Student_Life_(newspaper)" title="Student Life (newspaper)">Student Life</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurtene_Carnival" title="Thurtene Carnival">Thurtene Carnival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_University_Law_Review" title="Washington University Law Review">Washington University Law Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walk_In_Lay_Down" title="Walk In Lay Down">WILD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A51417;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #007360, inset -2px -2px 0 #007360;;width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erythromer" title="Erythromer">Erythromer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_(robot)" title="Lewis (robot)">Lewis (robot)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&oldid=1256427322">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2004_United_States_presidential_debates&oldid=1256427322</a>"</div></div> <div 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