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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Saturs</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Sākums</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Zemes_atmosfēras_robeža" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zemes_atmosfēras_robeža"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Zemes atmosfēras robeža</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zemes_atmosfēras_robeža-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Atsauces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Atsauces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Atsauces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Atsauces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ārējās_saites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ārējās_saites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ārējās saites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ārējās_saites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Saturs" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Satura rādītājs" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Pārslēgt satura rādītāju" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Pārslēgt satura rādītāju</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kosmiskā telpa</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pāriet uz rakstu citā valodā. Pieejams 121 valodā" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-121" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">121 valoda</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruimte" title="Ruimte – afrikandu" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ruimte" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikandu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodor" title="Rodor – senangļu" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Rodor" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="senangļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7" title="अंतरिक्ष – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="अंतरिक्ष" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%8A" title="فضاء خارجي – arābu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فضاء خارجي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arābu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A" title="فضاء براني – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="فضاء براني" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%89" title="الفضاء الخارجى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الفضاء الخارجى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espaciu_esterior" title="Espaciu esterior – astūriešu" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Espaciu esterior" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astūriešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmos" title="Kosmos – azerbaidžāņu" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kosmos" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidžāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B4%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="ائشیک فضاسی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ائشیک فضاسی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Касмічная прастора – baltkrievu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Касмічная прастора" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="baltkrievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Касьмічная прастора – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Касьмічная прастора" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Космическо пространство – bulgāru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Космическо пространство" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7" title="अंतरिक्ष – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="अंतरिक्ष" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6" title="মহাকাশ – bengāļu" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মহাকাশ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egor" title="Egor – bretoņu" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Egor" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanjski_svemir" title="Vanjski svemir – bosniešu" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Vanjski svemir" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Огторгойн орон зай – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Огторгойн орон зай" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="vērtīgs raksts"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espai_exterior" title="Espai exterior – katalāņu" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Espai exterior" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Космосан есалла – čečenu" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Космосан есалла" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečenu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="بۆشاییی دەرەکی – centrālkurdu" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بۆشاییی دەرەکی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centrālkurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feza" title="Feza – Krimas tatāru" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Feza" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Krimas tatāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmick%C3%BD_prostor" title="Kosmický prostor – čehu" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kosmický prostor" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čehu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%C4%95%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B5_%D1%83%C3%A7%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85%C4%95" title="Тĕнче уçлăхĕ – čuvašu" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тĕнче уçлăхĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvašu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y_gofod" title="Y gofod – velsiešu" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Y gofod" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velsiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ydre_rum" title="Ydre rum – dāņu" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ydre rum" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weltraum" title="Weltraum – vācu" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Weltraum" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Διάστημα – grieķu" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Διάστημα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grieķu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="labs raksts"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer_space" title="Outer space – angļu" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Outer space" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekstertero" title="Ekstertero – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ekstertero" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espacio_exterior" title="Espacio exterior – spāņu" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Espacio exterior" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmos" title="Kosmos – igauņu" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kosmos" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="igauņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanpo-espazio" title="Kanpo-espazio – basku" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kanpo-espazio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%88" title="ماورای جو – persiešu" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ماورای جو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avaruus" title="Avaruus – somu" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Avaruus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="somu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espace_(cosmologie)" title="Espace (cosmologie) – franču" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Espace (cosmologie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franču" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_sp%C3%A1s_amuigh" title="An spás amuigh – īru" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An spás amuigh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="īru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="太空 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="太空" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A8spas_(kosmoloji)" title="Lèspas (kosmoloji) – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lèspas (kosmoloji)" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espazo_exterior" title="Espazo exterior – galisiešu" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Espazo exterior" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B6" title="શૂન્યાવકાશ – gudžaratu" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="શૂન્યાવકાશ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudžaratu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%9C" title="חלל – ivrits" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חלל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7" title="अंतरिक्ष – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अंतरिक्ष" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svemirsko_prostranstvo" title="Svemirsko prostranstvo – horvātu" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Svemirsko prostranstvo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="vērtīgs raksts"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vil%C3%A1g%C5%B1r" title="Világűr – ungāru" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Világűr" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%AB%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Տիեզերական տարածություն – armēņu" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տիեզերական տարածություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luar_angkasa" title="Luar angkasa – indonēziešu" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Luar angkasa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonēziešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geimur" title="Geimur – islandiešu" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Geimur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spazio_(astronomia)" title="Spazio (astronomia) – itāļu" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Spazio (astronomia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93" title="宇宙空間 – japāņu" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="宇宙空間" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outa_spies" title="Outa spies – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Outa spies" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tallunt_tuffi%C9%A3t" title="Tallunt tuffiɣt – kabilu" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tallunt tuffiɣt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabilu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Ғарыш – kazahu" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ғарыш" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%EC%A3%BC_%EA%B3%B5%EA%B0%84" title="우주 공간 – korejiešu" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="우주 공간" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Космос – karačaju un balkāru" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Космос" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karačaju un balkāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%9A%D8%A8%D9%95%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="نیٚبٕر آسمان – kašmiriešu" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="نیٚبٕر آسمان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kašmiriešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Космос – kirgīzu" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Космос" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgīzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatium_(astronomia)" title="Spatium (astronomia) – latīņu" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Spatium (astronomia)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latīņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weltraum" title="Weltraum – luksemburgiešu" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Weltraum" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburgiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%88" title="Арш – lezgīnu" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Арш" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezgīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%94" title="ອາວະກາດ – laosiešu" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ອາວະກາດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmin%C4%97_erdv%C4%97" title="Kosminė erdvė – lietuviešu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kosminė erdvė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lietuviešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habakabaka" title="Habakabaka – malagasu" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Habakabaka" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%82" title="ബഹിരാകാശം – malajalu" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബഹിരാകാശം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Сансар – mongoļu" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Сансар" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%A1%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9B_(%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A9%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F)" title="ꯑꯇꯤꯡꯀꯣꯛ (ꯅꯩꯅꯂꯣꯟ) – manipūru" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯑꯇꯤꯡꯀꯣꯛ (ꯅꯩꯅꯂꯣꯟ)" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipūru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अंतराळ विज्ञान – marathu" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अंतराळ विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angkasa_lepas" title="Angkasa lepas – malajiešu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Angkasa lepas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%96%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E" title="အပြင်ဖက်အာကာသ – birmiešu" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အပြင်ဖက်အာကာသ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Инеменель – erzju" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Инеменель" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7" title="अन्तरिक्ष – nepāliešu" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अन्तरिक्ष" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepāliešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruimte_(astronomie)" title="Ruimte (astronomie) – holandiešu" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ruimte (astronomie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verdsrommet" title="Verdsrommet – jaunnorvēģu" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Verdsrommet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="jaunnorvēģu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verdensrommet" title="Verdensrommet – norvēģu bukmols" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Verdensrommet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvēģu bukmols" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espaci_(cosmologia)" title="Espaci (cosmologia) – oksitāņu" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Espaci (cosmologia)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Космос – osetīnu" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Космос" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A9%9C" title="ਪੁਲਾੜ – pandžabu" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪੁਲਾੜ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžabu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alapaap" title="Alapaap – pampanganu" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Alapaap" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanganu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przestrze%C5%84_kosmiczna" title="Przestrzeń kosmiczna – poļu" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Przestrzeń kosmiczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7" title="خلا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="خلا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84" title="بهرنی تشیال – puštu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بهرنی تشیال" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="puštu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="labs raksts"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%A7o_sideral" title="Espaço sideral – portugāļu" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Espaço sideral" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%27usaq_pacha" title="Ch'usaq pacha – kečvu" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ch'usaq pacha" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečvu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spa%C8%9Biul_cosmic" title="Spațiul cosmic – rumāņu" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Spațiul cosmic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Космическое пространство – krievu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Космическое пространство" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="krievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spazziu" title="Spazziu – sicīliešu" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Spazziu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicīliešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ooter_space" title="Ooter space – skotu" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ooter space" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7" title="خلا – sindhu" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="خلا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gomuvuohta" title="Gomuvuohta – ziemeļsāmu" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Gomuvuohta" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="ziemeļsāmu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svemir_(kosmologija)" title="Svemir (kosmologija) – serbu–horvātu" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Svemir (kosmologija)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbu–horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%BA" title="අභ්‍යවකාශය – singāļu" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අභ්‍යවකාශය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer_space" title="Outer space – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Outer space" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kozmick%C3%BD_priestor_(astron%C3%B3mia)" title="Kozmický priestor (astronómia) – slovāku" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kozmický priestor (astronómia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovāku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesoljski_prostor" title="Vesoljski prostor – slovēņu" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vesoljski prostor" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komovuot%C3%A2" title="Komovuotâ – Inari sāmu" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Komovuotâ" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari sāmu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengezeze_reChadenga" title="Dengezeze reChadenga – šonu" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Dengezeze reChadenga" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="šonu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hap%C3%ABsira_kozmike" title="Hapësira kozmike – albāņu" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hapësira kozmike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Свемир (космологија) – serbu" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Свемир (космологија)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rymden" title="Rymden – zviedru" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rymden" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="zviedru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anga-nje" title="Anga-nje – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Anga-nje" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przestrzy%C5%84stwo_kosmiczne" title="Przestrzyństwo kosmiczne – silēziešu" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Przestrzyństwo kosmiczne" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silēziešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF" title="புறவெளி – tamilu" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புறவெளி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%94%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="ఔటర్ స్పేస్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఔటర్ స్పేస్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8" title="อวกาศ – taju" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อวกาศ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmos" title="Kosmos – turkmēņu" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Kosmos" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalawakan" title="Kalawakan – tagalu" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kalawakan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzay" title="Uzay – turku" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Uzay" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%9E%C3%A4l%C3%A4mi_f%C3%A4za" title="Ğälämi fäza – tatāru" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ğälämi fäza" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%95%D9%85_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%84%DB%87%D9%82%D9%89" title="ئالەم بوشلۇقى – uiguru" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئالەم بوشلۇقى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D1%80" title="Космічний простір – ukraiņu" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Космічний простір" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D8%A8%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B7" title="فضائے بسیط – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فضائے بسیط" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmos" title="Kosmos – uzbeku" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kosmos" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%B4ng_gian_ngo%C3%A0i_thi%C3%AAn_th%E1%BB%83" title="Không gian ngoài thiên thể – vjetnamiešu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Không gian ngoài thiên thể" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnamiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalarakan" title="Kalarakan – varaju" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kalarakan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varaju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E5%B1%82%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4" title="外层空间 – vu ķīniešu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="外层空间" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vu ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D" title="უქიანო – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="უქიანო" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A1" title="קאסמאס – jidišs" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאסמאס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidišs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92furuf%C3%BA" title="Òfurufú – jorubu" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Òfurufú" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E5%B1%82%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4" title="外层空间 – ķīniešu" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="外层空间" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E8%99%9B" title="太虛 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="太虛" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A0i-khong" title="Thài-khong – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Thài-khong" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="太空 – kantoniešu" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="太空" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4169#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Labot starpvalodu saites" class="wbc-editpage">Labot saites</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Vārdtelpas"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kosmisk%C4%81_telpa" title="Apskatīt rakstu [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Raksts</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Hubble_Extreme_Deep_Field_(full_resolution).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hubble_Extreme_Deep_Field_%28full_resolution%29.png/330px-Hubble_Extreme_Deep_Field_%28full_resolution%29.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hubble_Extreme_Deep_Field_%28full_resolution%29.png/500px-Hubble_Extreme_Deep_Field_%28full_resolution%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hubble_Extreme_Deep_Field_%28full_resolution%29.png/960px-Hubble_Extreme_Deep_Field_%28full_resolution%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2382" data-file-height="2078" /></a><figcaption>Ar <a href="/wiki/Habla_kosmiskais_teleskops" title="Habla kosmiskais teleskops">Habla teleskopu</a> uzņemts kosmiskās telpas attēls</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kosmiskā telpa</b>, arī <b>kosmoss</b> vai <b>izplatījums</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ir <a href="/wiki/Visums" title="Visums">Visuma</a> relatīvi tukšie apvidi ārpus <a href="/wiki/Astronomisks_objekts" title="Astronomisks objekts">astronomisko objektu</a> <a href="/wiki/Atmosf%C4%93ra" title="Atmosfēra">atmosfēras</a>. Kosmiskā telpa ietver starpplanētu, starpzvaigžņu un starpgalaktiku telpu. Visvairāk izpētīta un apgūta ir kosmiskā telpa <a href="/wiki/Zeme" title="Zeme">Zemes</a> tuvumā. Starp <a href="/wiki/Zemes_atmosf%C4%93ra" title="Zemes atmosfēra">Zemes atmosfēru</a> un kosmisko telpu nav noteiktas robežas. Kosmiskā telpa nav pilnīgi tukša (tas nav ideāls <a href="/wiki/Vakuums" title="Vakuums">vakuums</a>), bet ir aizpildīta ar <a href="/wiki/Elektromagn%C4%93tiskais_starojums" title="Elektromagnētiskais starojums">elektromagnētisko starojumu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plazma" title="Plazma">plazmu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Elektrons" title="Elektrons">elektroniem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Protons" title="Protons">protoniem</a> un citiem <a href="/wiki/Jons" title="Jons">joniem</a>), <a href="/wiki/Kosmiskais_starojums" title="Kosmiskais starojums">kosmiskajiem stariem</a> un mikroskopiskajām daļiņām. </p><p>Kosmiskās telpas apguve sākās 1957. gada 4. oktobrī, kad tika palaists pirmais Zemes mākslīgais pavadonis <i><a href="/wiki/Sputnik-1" title="Sputnik-1">Sputnik-1</a></i>. Cilvēki ir nolaidušies uz <a href="/wiki/M%C4%93ness" title="Mēness">Mēness</a>, zondes ir sasniegušas <a href="/wiki/Marss_(plan%C4%93ta)" title="Marss (planēta)">Marsu</a> un citas planētas. Zondes <i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_1" title="Voyager 1">Voyager 1</a></i> un <i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_2" title="Voyager 2">Voyager 2</a></i> ir sasniegušas <a href="/wiki/Heliopauze" title="Heliopauze">heliopauzi</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zemes_atmosfēras_robeža"><span id="Zemes_atmosf.C4.93ras_robe.C5.BEa"></span>Zemes atmosfēras robeža</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmisk%C4%81_telpa&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Labot sadaļu: Zemes atmosfēras robeža" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmisk%C4%81_telpa&action=edit&section=1" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Zemes atmosfēras robeža"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint"><i>Pamatraksts: <a href="/wiki/K%C4%81rm%C4%81na_l%C4%ABnija" title="Kārmāna līnija">Kārmāna līnija</a> </i></div></dd></dl> <p>Precīzu robežu starp <a href="/wiki/Zemes_atmosf%C4%93ra" title="Zemes atmosfēra">Zemes atmosfēru</a> un kosmisko telpu nevar novilkt, jo atmosfēras blīvums līdz ar augstumu samazinās pakāpeniski. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Starptautisk%C4%81_aeronautikas_feder%C4%81cija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Starptautiskā aeronautikas federācija (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Starptautiskā aeronautikas federācija</a> ir noteikusi <a href="/wiki/K%C4%81rm%C4%81na_l%C4%ABnija" title="Kārmāna līnija">Kārmāna līniju</a> 100 km augstumā kā robežu starp atmosfēru un kosmosu. <a href="/wiki/Teodors_fon_K%C4%81rm%C4%81ns" title="Teodors fon Kārmāns">Teodors fon Kārmāns</a> šo robežu definēja kā augstumu, kurā lidaparātam jākustas ar lielāku ātrumu nekā <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbit%C4%81lais_%C4%81trums&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbitālais ātrums (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">orbitālais ātrums</a>, lai tas noturētos tikai ar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aerodinamiskais_c%C4%93l%C4%93jsp%C4%93ks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aerodinamiskais cēlējspēks (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">aerodinamiskā cēlējspēka</a> palīdzību. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Amerikas_Savienot%C4%81s_Valstis" title="Amerikas Savienotās Valstis">Amerikas Savienotās Valstis</a> ir definējušas robežu 50 jūdžu (80 km) augstumā, un cilvēkus, kuri pārsnieguši šo robežu, sauc par <a href="/wiki/Kosmonauts" title="Kosmonauts">astronautiem</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Savukārt aptuveni 120 km augstums ir robeža, kur, <a href="/wiki/Nolai%C5%BEamais_apar%C4%81ts" title="Nolaižamais aparāts">nolaižamajam aparātam</a> veicot nolaišanos uz zemes, uz to kļūst manāma atmosfēras iedarbība. <a href="/wiki/Nacion%C4%81l%C4%81_aeronautikas_un_kosmosa_administr%C4%81cija" title="Nacionālā aeronautikas un kosmosa administrācija">Nacionālā aeronautikas un kosmosa administrācija</a> (NASA) izmanto 122 km augstumu, kurā <i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a></i> kosmoplāni pāriet no stūrēšanas ar raķešdzinējiem uz stūrēšanu ar aerodinamiskajām virsmām.<sup id="cite_ref-Edge_of_Space_Found_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edge_of_Space_Found-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ir uzskats, ka "ieiešana kosmosā" sākas 21 miljonu kilometru attālumā, kurā Zemes <a href="/wiki/Gravit%C4%81cija" title="Gravitācija">gravitācija</a> vairs nav dominējoša.<sup id="cite_ref-Edge_of_Space_Found_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edge_of_Space_Found-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Izmērot augsti enerģētisko daļiņu kustību atmosfērā un jonosfērā ar instrumentu <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supra-Thermal_Ion_Imager&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supra-Thermal Ion Imager (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Supra-Thermal Ion Imager</a></i>, kurš startēja suborbitalā lidojumā 2007. gadā, ASV un Kanādas zinātnieki ir nākuši pie atzinuma, ka Zemes atmosfēras un kosmiskas telpas robeža atrodas 118 km augstumā, jo "Zemes" atmosfēras un jonosfēras daļiņas atšķiras viena no otras.<sup id="cite_ref-Edge_of_Space_Found_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edge_of_Space_Found-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Atsauces">Atsauces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmisk%C4%81_telpa&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Labot sadaļu: Atsauces" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmisk%C4%81_telpa&action=edit&section=2" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Atsauces"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://termini.lza.lv/term.php?term=izplat%C4%ABjums&list=izplat%C4%ABjums">«Kosmoss»</a> (latviešu). Akadēmiskā terminu datubāze.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/news/NewsReleases/2005/05-57.html#.XzOfzygzaUk">«X-15 Space Pioneers Now Honored as Astronauts»</a> (angļu). NASA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2020. gada 12. augustā</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Edge_of_Space_Found-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Edge_of_Space_Found_3-0">3,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Edge_of_Space_Found_3-1">3,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Edge_of_Space_Found_3-2">3,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web">Andrea Thompson. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/090409-edge-space.html">«Edge of Space Found»</a> (angļu). space.com, 2009. gada 9. aprīlis.</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ārējās_saites"><span id=".C4.80r.C4.93j.C4.81s_saites"></span>Ārējās saites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmisk%C4%81_telpa&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Labot sadaļu: Ārējās saites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmisk%C4%81_telpa&action=edit&section=3" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Ārējās saites"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vikikr%C4%81tuve" title="Vikikrātuve">Vikikrātuvē</a> par šo tēmu ir pieejami <a href="/wiki/Multivides" title="Multivides">multivides</a> faili. Skatīt: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Outer_space" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Outer space">Kosmiskā telpa</a></b></i>.</li> <li><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200819113738/https://bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2101578">«Космическое пространство»</a> (krievu). Большая российская энциклопедия. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bigenc.ru/military_science/text/2101578">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2020. gada 19. augustā<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2020. gada 12. augustā</span>.</span></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Jupiter_and_moon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Aizmetņa ikona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Jupiter_and_moon.png/30px-Jupiter_and_moon.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Jupiter_and_moon.png/45px-Jupiter_and_moon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Jupiter_and_moon.png/60px-Jupiter_and_moon.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></td><td><i>Šis ar <a href="/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija">astronomiju</a> saistītais raksts ir <a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Aizmetnis" title="Vikipēdija:Aizmetnis">nepilnīgs</a>. 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