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field--type-text-long field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field--label sr-only">Biografía</div> <div class="field--item"> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-weight:bold;">Berlaymont, Charles de. </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Conde de Berlaymont. </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Namur (Bélgica), 1510 – 4.VI.1578. Consejero de Estado de los Países Bajos.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Charles de Berlaymont, conde de Berlaymont y barón de Hierges, fue uno de los nobles flamencos que más se caracterizó por su lealtad hacia el Rey de España. Comenzó su carrera sirviendo al emperador Carlos V. En 1554 fue nombrado gobernador y capitán general del condado de Namur, cargo que le fue confirmado por Felipe II. Cuando la gobernadora de los Países Bajos, María de Hungría, abandonó estos territorios para acompañar a España a su hermano el Emperador en 1558, Berlaymont fue designado, junto con Adrien de Croy, conde de Roeulx, para ejercer el gobierno provisional de los Países Bajos. Caballero del Toisón de Oro, Carlos de Berlaymont fue tesorero durante el gobierno de Margarita de Parma, quien depositó en él toda su confianza. Cuando surgieron voces en contra del excesivo poder del cardenal Granvela en el seno del Consejo de Estado, él no se pronunció ni a favor ni en contra. Rechazó totalmente entrar en la confederación de nobles descontentos con la política de Felipe II. Junto con el presidente Viglius, se mostró siempre en contra de las demandas de los confederados. La tradición señala a Berlaymont como el primero que acuñó la palabra </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">gueux </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">(mendigos) para designar a los caballeros que acudieron en masa al palacio donde residía Margarita de Parma a fin de demandar mayor tolerancia religiosa y presionarla para que aceptara el llamado </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Compromis, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">que previamente habían firmado.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">La fidelidad de Berlaymont hacia su señor el rey Felipe II le ocasionó el odio de sus compatriotas, los confederados. Fue designado, junto con el conde de Arembergh y Noircarmes, como suplente del duque de Alba en la presidencia del Tribunal de los Tumultos. No obstante, expresó al Rey su rechazo a tomar parte en el juicio que se hizo contra los condes de Egmont y de Hornes. Rechazo en general que también se extendió a la política de represión emprendida por el duque de Alba. Tan sólo una vez tomó parte en el odiado tribunal. En 1576 participó en la gobernación de los Países Bajos, junto con otros destacados consejeros, como Viglius, Gerónimo de Roda o el duque de Aerschot, formando parte del Consejo de Estado que interinamente gobernó los Países Bajos a la muerte del gobernador Luis de Requesens. El 4 de septiembre del mismo año, dicho Consejo fue interrumpido a la fuerza en sus actuaciones por parte de los Estados Generales, quienes les obligaron a traspasar el poder a ellos mismos. El conde fue acusado de “españolismo” por los miembros de los Estados. Fue hecho prisionero. Recuperó la libertad y entró a formar parte de los consejeros de Juan de Austria, siendo el único belga que había entre todos los extranjeros. Se dice que el conde de Berlaymont animó a Juan a volver a tomar las armas contra los Estados, algo que es difícil de constatar. Lo que sí es cierto es que fue él quien le facilitó su retirada al castillo de Namur.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Bibl.: F. Estrada, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Primera década de las guerras de Flandes hasta el principio del gobierno de Alejandro Farnesio, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Colonia, Agrippinay en casa de Lorenzo Struickman, 1681; L. P. Gachard, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Correspondance de Philippe II sur les affaires des Pays</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Bas, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Bruxelles, c. Muquardt, 1848-1861; J. L. Motley, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">The Rise of the Dutch Republic, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">Boston, 1856; A. Wauters (ed.), “Mémoires de Viglius et D’Hopperus sur le commencement des troubles des Pays-Bas”, en </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Collection de mémoires relatifs a l’Histoire de Belgique, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">vol. II, Bruxelles, Société de l’Histoire de Belgique, 1858; VV. AA., </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique: Biographie nationale, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">vol. II, Bruxelles, 1868; H. Pirenne, “De la mort de Charles le Téméraire a l’arrivée du Duc d’Albe dans les Pays-Bas (1567)” y “La Révolution politique et religieuse [...]”, en VV. AA., </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">Histoire de Belgique, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">vols. </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US">III y IV, Bruxelles, 1923 y 1927, respect.; J. Brouwer, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US">Kroniken van Spaansche soldaten uit het bejín van den tachtigjarigen oorlog, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US">Zutphen, Thieme, 1933; P. Geyl, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US">The Revolt of the Netherlands, 1555-1609, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US">London, Ernest Benn, 1980; M. A. del Río, </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US">Die Chronik über Don Juan de Austria und den Krieg in den Niederlanden (1576-1578). </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-style:italic;">La crónica sobre don Juan de Austria y la Guerra en los Países Bajos (1576- 1578), </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">ed. de M. Á. Echevarría Bacigalupe, Wien-München, Verlag für Geschichte und Politik-Oldenbourg, 2003.</span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"> </span></p> <p lang="es-ES" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:0pt;margin-left:0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;margin-right:0pt;line-height:100%;" xml:lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';">José Miguel Cabañas Agrela </span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </section> <aside class="col-sm-4" role="complementary"> <div class="region region-sidebar-second"> <section id="block-preguntasfrecuentes" class="block block-block-content block-block-contentbb506541-4315-4ede-8b34-510511732f52 clearfix"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--item"><p><a href="/preguntas-frecuentes">Preguntas frecuentes</a></p> </div> </section> <section class="views-element-container block block-views block-views-blockbiografia-destacada-block-2 clearfix" id="block-views-block-biografia-destacada-block-2"> <h2 class="block-title">Biografía destacada</h2> <div class="form-group"><div class="view view-biografia-destacada view-id-biografia_destacada view-display-id-block_2 js-view-dom-id-e744629e6120eefb7e776b1bdecf5fce9cd3c3fcf2a0f10e6af5c61cca85bdac"> <div class="view-content"> <div id="views-bootstrap-biografia-destacada-block-2" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel" data-interval="5000" data-pause="" data-wrap="0"> <div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"> <div class="item row active"> <div class="col-md-12"> <a href="/biografias/portal-historia-hispanica" hreflang="und"><img src="/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/imagenes/biografias/Portal-Historia-Hisp%C3%A1nica.jpg" width="480" height="320" alt="HH" title="https://historia-hispanica.rah.es/" typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" /> </a> <div class="carousel-caption"> <h3><a href="/biografias/portal-historia-hispanica" hreflang="und">Portal "Historia Hispánica"</a></h3> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </aside> </div> <div class="row content-wrapper"> <div class="region region-content-bottom"> <section id="block-dbepersonajesrelacionados" class="block block-dbe-block block-dbe-personajes-relacionados clearfix"> <div class="block-personajes-relacionados-wrapper"> <h1>Relación con otros personajes del DBE</h1> <div class="col-xs-12 block-personajes-content"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-5 col-first"> <div class="views-element-container form-group"><div class="view view-personajes-relacionados view-id-personajes_relacionados view-display-id-block_2 js-view-dom-id-0ac28ad5ef0ec9d711503d7051014051897645723a511c60bf38029b13dadd5d"> <div class="view-header"> <h2>Biografías que citan a este personaje</h2> </div> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-field-image"><div class="field-content"> <a href="/biografias/66015/felipe-guillermo-de-nassau" hreflang="und"><img width="33" height="33" src="/sites/default/files/default_images/personaje-azul.svg" alt="DBE" title="DBE" typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" /> </a> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/biografias/66015/felipe-guillermo-de-nassau" hreflang="und">Felipe Guillermo de Nassau</a></span></div></div> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-field-image"><div class="field-content"> <a href="/biografias/11263/antonio-perrenot-de-granvela" hreflang="und"><img width="33" height="33" src="/sites/default/files/default_images/personaje-azul.svg" alt="DBE" title="DBE" typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" /> </a> </div></div><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/biografias/11263/antonio-perrenot-de-granvela" hreflang="und">Antonio Perrenot de Granvela</a></span></div></div> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-field-image"><div class="field-content"> <a href="/biografias/42936/julian-romero" hreflang="und"><img src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumb/public/imagenes/biografias/54819-julian-romero_0.jpg" width="33" height="33" alt="Julián Romero" title="Detalle del cuadro Julián Romero y su santo patrono, 1612 - 1618. 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href="/biografias/42985/charles-de-berlaymont" hreflang="und">Charles de Berlaymont</a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-5 col-last"> <div class="views-element-container form-group"><div class="view view-personajes-relacionados view-id-personajes_relacionados view-display-id-block_1 js-view-dom-id-b8ae00bb5e6ec0f3381a721f7cae4aced4aa932405ac88aa7cb6603f96d1269a"> <div class="view-header"> <h2>Personajes citados en esta biografía</h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section id="block-dbepersonajessimilares" class="block block-dbe-block block-dbe-personajes-similares clearfix"> <div class="block-personajes-similares-wrapper"> <h1>Personajes similares</h1> <div class="personajes-similares-select-wrapper"> <select id="personajes-similares-select" class="form-select required form-control"> <option value="1" selected="selected">Mismo ámbito disciplinar / Misma época</option> <option value="2">Mismo ámbito geográfico de 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