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Available in 117 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-117" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">117 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramees" title="Aramees – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Aramees" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aram%C3%A4ische_Sprachen" title="Aramäische Sprachen – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Aramäische Sprachen" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%A8%E1%88%9B%E1%8B%AD%E1%8A%AD" title="አረማይክ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አረማይክ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اللغة الآرامية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة الآرامية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_arameu" title="Idioma arameu – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Idioma arameu" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A0%DC%AB%DC%A2%DC%90_%DC%90%DC%AA%DC%A1%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܠܫܢܐ ܐܪܡܝܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܠܫܢܐ ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aram%C3%A8an" title="Aramèan – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Aramèan" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lling%C3%BCes_aramees" title="Llingües aramees – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llingües aramees" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arami_dill%C9%99ri" title="Arami dilləri – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Arami dilləri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="آرامی دیلی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آرامی دیلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="আরামীয় ভাষা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আরামীয় ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B4%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Арамей телдәре – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Арамей телдәре" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Арамейскія мовы – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Арамейскія мовы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Арамэйскія мовы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Арамэйскія мовы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arameo" title="Arameo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Arameo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Арамейски езици – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Арамейски езици" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yezho%C3%B9_aramaek" title="Yezhoù aramaek – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Yezhoù aramaek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arameu" title="Arameu – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Arameu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Арамей чĕлхисем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Арамей чĕлхисем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arameo" title="Arameo – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Arameo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramej%C5%A1tina" title="Aramejština – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Aramejština" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiaramu" title="Chiaramu – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chiaramu" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramaeg" title="Aramaeg – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Aramaeg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aram%C3%A6isk_(sprog)" title="Aramæisk (sprog) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Aramæisk (sprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aram%C3%A4ische_Sprachen" title="Aramäische Sprachen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Aramäische Sprachen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramea_keel" title="Aramea keel – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aramea keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8A%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Αραμαϊκή γλώσσα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αραμαϊκή γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramaic" title="Aramaic – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Aramaic" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_arameas" title="Lenguas arameas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lenguas arameas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramea_lingvo" title="Aramea lingvo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aramea lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramera" title="Aramera – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aramera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="زبان آرامی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان آرامی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramaic_bhasa" title="Aramaic bhasa – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Aramaic bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aram%C3%A6iskt_m%C3%A1l" title="Aramæiskt mál – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Aramæiskt mál" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aram%C3%A9en" title="Araméen – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Araméen" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arameesk" title="Arameesk – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Arameesk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Aramais" title="An Aramais – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Aramais" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramaaish" title="Aramaaish – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Aramaaish" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramais" title="Aramais – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Aramais" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_aramea" title="Lingua aramea – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua aramea" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%9E%8C%EC%96%B4" title="아람어 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아람어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Արամեերեն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արամեերեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%95" title="आरामाईक – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आरामाईक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramejski_jezik" title="Aramejski jezik – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Aramejski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagsasao_nga_Arameo" title="Pagsasao nga Arameo – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagsasao nga Arameo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Aram" title="Bahasa Aram – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Aram" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramaico" title="Aramaico – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Aramaico" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arame%C3%ADska" title="Arameíska – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Arameíska" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_aramaica" title="Lingua aramaica – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua aramaica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA" title="ארמית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארמית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="არამეული ენები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="არამეული ენები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiaramu" title="Kiaramu – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kiaramu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Aramaica" title="Lingua Aramaica – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Aramaica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramie%C5%A1u_valoda" title="Aramiešu valoda – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Aramiešu valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aram%C4%97j%C5%B3_kalba" title="Aramėjų kalba – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Aramėjų kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aram" title="Aram – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Aram" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arami_(lingua)" title="Arami (lingua) – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Arami (lingua)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A1mi_nyelv" title="Arámi nyelv – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Arámi nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Арамејски јазик – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Арамејски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_arameana" title="Fiteny arameana – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny arameana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF" title="അറമായ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അറമായ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reo_Aramaic" title="Reo Aramaic – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Reo Aramaic" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%B2%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="ॲरेमाईक भाषा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ॲरेमाईक भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="არამეული ნინეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="არამეული ნინეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%87" title="الاراميه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الاراميه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Aramia" title="Bahasa Aramia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Aramia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahaso_Aram" title="Bahaso Aram – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bahaso Aram" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BA%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Арамеянь кяль – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Арамеянь кяль" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Арамей хэл – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Арамей хэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramees" title="Aramees – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aramees" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramees" title="Aramees – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Aramees" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="आरामी भाषा – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="आरामी भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0%E8%AA%9E" title="アラム語 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アラム語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Арамийн мотт – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Арамийн мотт" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arameesk_spriaken" title="Arameesk spriaken – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Arameesk spriaken" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auramaik" title="Auramaik – Pitcairn-Norfolk" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Auramaik" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Pitcairn-Norfolk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arameisk" title="Arameisk – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Arameisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arameisk" title="Arameisk – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Arameisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aram%C3%A9en" title="Araméen – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Araméen" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aram%C3%A8u" title="Aramèu – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Aramèu" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oromiy_tili" title="Oromiy tili – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oromiy tili" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA" title="آرامی بولیاں – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آرامی بولیاں" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="ارامي ژبه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ارامي ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%98" title="ភាសាអារ៉ាម – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ភាសាអារ៉ាម" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_aramejski" title="Język aramejski – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język aramejski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramaico" title="Aramaico – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aramaico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_aramaic%C4%83" title="Limba aramaică – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba aramaică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Арамейские языки – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Арамейские языки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱟᱨᱟᱢᱟᱭᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱟᱨᱟᱢᱟᱭᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="آرامی زبان – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="آرامی زبان" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_aramike" title="Gjuha aramike – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha aramike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_aram%C3%A0ica" title="Lingua aramàica – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lingua aramàica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A_%D9%BB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="آرامي ٻولي – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آرامي ٻولي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramej%C4%8Dina" title="Aramejčina – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Aramejčina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramej%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Aramejščina – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Aramejščina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="زمانی ئارامی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانی ئارامی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Арамејски језик – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Арамејски језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramejski_jezik" title="Aramejski jezik – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Aramejski jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramean_kieli" title="Aramean kieli – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aramean kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arameiska" title="Arameiska – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Arameiska" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikang_Arameo" title="Wikang Arameo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikang Arameo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="அரமேயம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அரமேயம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="ภาษาแอราเมอิก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาแอราเมอิก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D3%A3" title="Забони оромӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забони оромӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramice" title="Aramice – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Aramice" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Арамейська мова – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Арамейська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="آرامی زبان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آرامی زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Aram" title="Tiếng Aram – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Aram" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arameyin" title="Arameyin – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Arameyin" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arameo" title="Arameo – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Arameo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86%E8%AF%AD" title="亚拉姆语 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="亚拉姆语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A9" title="אראמיש – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אראמיש" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88d%C3%A8_%C3%81r%C3%A1m%C3%A1%C3%ACk%C3%AC" title="Èdè Árámáìkì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èdè Árámáìkì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10098372">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:22em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #faecc8;">Aramaic</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #faecc8;"><span title="Imperial Aramaic (700-300 BCE)-language text"><span lang="arc" dir="rtl">ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></span>‎, <span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">ארמיא</span></span><br /><i>Arāmāyā</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Geographic<br />distribution:</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fertile_Crescent" title="Fertile Crescent">Fertile Crescent</a>, Eastern Arabia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Linguistic classification</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Afroasiatic_languages" title="Afroasiatic languages">Afro-Asiatic</a><ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:15px;padding-left:0"><li><a href="/wiki/Semitic_languages" title="Semitic languages">Semitic</a><ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:5px;padding-left:0"><li><a href="/wiki/West_Semitic_languages" title="West Semitic languages">West Semitic</a><ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:5px;padding-left:0"><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Semitic_languages" title="Central Semitic languages">Central Semitic</a><ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:5px;padding-left:0"><li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Semitic_languages" title="Northwest Semitic languages">Northwest Semitic</a><ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:5px;padding-left:0"><li><b>Aramaic</b></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Subdivisions:</th><td class="infobox-data"><div></div> <div>Eastern Aramaic</div> <div>Western Aramaic</div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Syriac_Aramaic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Syriac_Aramaic.svg/250px-Syriac_Aramaic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Syriac_Aramaic.svg/375px-Syriac_Aramaic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Syriac_Aramaic.svg/500px-Syriac_Aramaic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="79" /></a><figcaption><i>Arāmāyā</i> in Syriac Esṭrangelā script</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aramaic_alphabet.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aramaic_alphabet.svg/250px-Aramaic_alphabet.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aramaic_alphabet.svg/375px-Aramaic_alphabet.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aramaic_alphabet.svg/500px-Aramaic_alphabet.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="93" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Aramaic_alphabet" title="Aramaic alphabet">Syriac-Aramaic alphabet</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pot_sherds_with_Aramaic_inscriptions,_Nippur_-_Oriental_Institute_Museum,_University_of_Chicago_-_DSC07055.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Pot_sherds_with_Aramaic_inscriptions%2C_Nippur_-_Oriental_Institute_Museum%2C_University_of_Chicago_-_DSC07055.JPG/260px-Pot_sherds_with_Aramaic_inscriptions%2C_Nippur_-_Oriental_Institute_Museum%2C_University_of_Chicago_-_DSC07055.JPG" decoding="async" width="260" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Pot_sherds_with_Aramaic_inscriptions%2C_Nippur_-_Oriental_Institute_Museum%2C_University_of_Chicago_-_DSC07055.JPG/390px-Pot_sherds_with_Aramaic_inscriptions%2C_Nippur_-_Oriental_Institute_Museum%2C_University_of_Chicago_-_DSC07055.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Pot_sherds_with_Aramaic_inscriptions%2C_Nippur_-_Oriental_Institute_Museum%2C_University_of_Chicago_-_DSC07055.JPG/520px-Pot_sherds_with_Aramaic_inscriptions%2C_Nippur_-_Oriental_Institute_Museum%2C_University_of_Chicago_-_DSC07055.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2636" data-file-height="3133" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">A pot sherd with Aramaic <a href="/wiki/Letter" title="Letter">characters</a>.</div></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palmyrenisch.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Palmyrenisch.jpg/277px-Palmyrenisch.jpg" decoding="async" width="277" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Palmyrenisch.jpg/416px-Palmyrenisch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Palmyrenisch.jpg/554px-Palmyrenisch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2724" data-file-height="1963" /></a><figcaption>Inscription in Aramaic, found near <a href="/wiki/Palmyra" title="Palmyra">Palmyra</a>, modern-day <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>. This inscription is in the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée du Louvre">Louvre</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Aramaic</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Semitic_languages" title="Semitic languages">Semitic language</a>. It has been written for 3100 years<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has been spoken for longer than that.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is one of the <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Semitic_languages" title="Northwest Semitic languages">Northwest Semitic languages</a>. Other Semitic languages include <a href="/wiki/Amharic_language" title="Amharic language">Amharic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a> and many other languages.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2024)">source?</span></a></i>]</sup> Words are written with the 22 <a href="/wiki/Letter" title="Letter">characters</a> of the Aramaic alphabet,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was widely adopted for other languages and is an ancestor to the Hebrew, <a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a> alphabets.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2024)">source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aramaic_language&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: History" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aramaic_language&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: History"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aramaic is the language of long parts of the two <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a> books of <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Daniel" title="Book of Daniel">Daniel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ezra" title="Book of Ezra">Ezra</a>, it is the language of the <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Jewish</a> <a href="/wiki/Talmud" title="Talmud">Talmud</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2024)">source?</span></a></i>]</sup> In the 12th century BC, the first speakers of Aramaic started to live in what is now <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> and eastern <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>. As the bureaucratic language of the <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid Empire</a>, it became the most important language in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>. Jewish speakers took the language with them to North <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>. Christian speakers took the language with them to <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Persia">Persia</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and even <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2024)">source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/7th_century" title="7th century">7th century AD</a>, Aramaic stopped being the most important language in the Middle East. The <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" title="Arabic language">Arabic language</a> became the new important language. Aramaic is still spoken by scattered communities of <a href="/wiki/Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Jews">Jews</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mandaeanism" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandaeanism">Mandaeans</a> and some <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Small groups of people still speak Aramaic in different parts of the Middle East. The wars of the last two centuries have made many speakers leave their homes to live in different places around the world. Today, between 500,000 and 850,000 people speak Aramaic languages.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2024)">source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dialects">Dialects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aramaic_language&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Dialects" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aramaic_language&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Dialects"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aramaic is not one language without any changes. Because many different people over many centuries spoke and wrote it, there are many different types of Aramaic languages,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> called <a href="/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect">dialects</a>, but some of them are so different that they are like different languages. The different dialects make two groups: an Eastern group and a Western group. The division between them is around the River <a href="/wiki/Euphrates" title="Euphrates">Euphrates</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2024)">source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The dialects are divided also by time. Old Aramaic is the name of the oldest dialects, which only scholars learn. Middle Aramaic is the group of dialects, which are used not every day but for special things like writing and religion. Modern Aramaic is the group of dialects that is used every day by some groups.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2024)">source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_pages">Related pages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aramaic_language&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Related pages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aramaic_language&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Related pages"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judea" title="Judea">Judea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia">Phoenicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_East" title="Near East">Near East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Asia" title="History of Asia">History of Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel" title="Kingdom of Israel">Kingdom of Israel</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aramaic_language&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aramaic_language&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Beyer (1986: 11) suggests that written Aramaic probably dates from the <a href="/wiki/11th_century_BC" title="11th century BC">11th century BC</a>, as it is established by the 10th century, to which he dates the oldest inscriptions of northern Syria (Beyer, Klaus 1986. <i>The Aramaic language: its distribution and subdivisions</i>. Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3525535732" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-525-53573-2</a>). Heinrichs (1990: x) uses the less controversial date of the 9th century, for which there is clear and widespread attestation. (Heinrichs, Wolfhart, ed. 1990. <i>Studies in Neo-Aramaic</i>. Atlanta, Georgia: Scholars Press. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1555404308" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-55540-430-8</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Royal Aramaic inscriptions from the Aramean city-states date from 10th century BC, making Aramaic one of the world's oldest recorded <a href="/wiki/Modern_language" title="Modern language">living languages</a>. Richard, Suzanne 2003. <i>Near Eastern Archaeology: a reader</i>. Eisenbrauns, p. 69. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781575060835" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-57506-083-5</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Languages from the World of the Bible</i>, ed. Holger Gzella (Berlin; Boston: Walter de De Gruyter, Inc., 2011), p. 131</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSam_Adams2013" class="citation web cs1">Sam Adams (25 January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2268204/Race-save-language-Jesus-Aramaic-danger-extinct-number-speakers-ancient-tongue-plummets.html">"Race to save the language of Jesus: Aramaic in danger of becoming extinct as number of speakers of ancient tongue plummets"</a>. <i>Daily Mail</i>. Associated Newspapers, Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+Mail&rft.atitle=Race+to+save+the+language+of+Jesus%3A+Aramaic+in+danger+of+becoming+extinct+as+number+of+speakers+of+ancient+tongue+plummets&rft.date=2013-01-25&rft.au=Sam+Adams&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymail.co.uk%2Fsciencetech%2Farticle-2268204%2FRace-save-language-Jesus-Aramaic-danger-extinct-number-speakers-ancient-tongue-plummets.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AAramaic+language" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFJean_Sibille2011" class="citation web cs1">Jean Sibille (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sorosoro.org/en/modern-aramaic-languages/">"Modern Aramaic languages"</a>. SOROSORO<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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