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Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%B2_(%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%84)" title="تايلز (نظام تشغيل) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تايلز (نظام تشغيل)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Amnesic_Incognito_Live_System" title="The Amnesic Incognito Live System – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="The Amnesic Incognito Live System" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails_(%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0)" title="Tails (операционна система) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Tails (операционна система)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails_(Linux-Distribution)" title="Tails (Linux-Distribution) – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Tails (Linux-Distribution)" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails_(distribuci%C3%B3_Linux)" title="Tails (distribució Linux) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tails (distribució Linux)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails_(opera%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_syst%C3%A9m)" title="Tails (operační systém) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tails (operační systém)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails" title="Tails – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tails" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails_(sistema_operativo)" title="Tails (sistema operativo) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tails (sistema operativo)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B2_(%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84)" title="تیلز (سیستم‌عامل) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تیلز (سیستم‌عامل)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails_(syst%C3%A8me_d%27exploitation)" title="Tails (système d'exploitation) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tails (système d'exploitation)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%85%8C%EC%9D%BC%EC%A6%88_(%EC%9A%B4%EC%98%81_%EC%B2%B4%EC%A0%9C)" title="테일즈 (운영 체제) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="테일즈 (운영 체제)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails" title="Tails – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tails" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails" title="Tails – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Tails" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_(%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%82)" title="ടെയിൽസ് (ഓപ്പറേറ്റിംഗ് സിസ്റ്റം) – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ടെയിൽസ് (ഓപ്പറേറ്റിംഗ് സിസ്റ്റം)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails_(besturingssysteem)" title="Tails (besturingssysteem) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tails (besturingssysteem)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails_(%E3%82%AA%E3%83%9A%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%82%B7%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%A0)" title="Tails (オペレーティングシステム) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Tails (オペレーティングシステム)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Amnesic_Incognito_Live_System" title="The Amnesic Incognito Live System – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="The Amnesic Incognito Live System" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails_(system_operacyjny)" title="Tails (system operacyjny) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tails (system operacyjny)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails_(Linux)" title="Tails (Linux) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tails (Linux)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails" title="Tails – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Tails" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails_(%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0)" title="Tails (операционная система) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Tails (операционная система)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAILS" title="TAILS – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="TAILS" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails_(k%C3%A4ytt%C3%B6j%C3%A4rjestelm%C3%A4)" title="Tails (käyttöjärjestelmä) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tails (käyttöjärjestelmä)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails" title="Tails – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tails" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails_(%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0)" title="Tails (операційна система) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Tails (операційна система)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails_(h%E1%BB%87_%C4%91i%E1%BB%81u_h%C3%A0nh)" title="Tails (hệ điều hành) – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tails (hệ điều hành)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tails_(%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F)" title="Tails (操作系统) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Tails (操作系统)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Linux distribution for anonymity and privacy</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Linux distribution</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Tails</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tails-logo-flat-inverted.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tails logo"><img alt="Tails logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Tails-logo-flat-inverted.svg/250px-Tails-logo-flat-inverted.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Tails-logo-flat-inverted.svg/375px-Tails-logo-flat-inverted.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Tails-logo-flat-inverted.svg/500px-Tails-logo-flat-inverted.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="339" data-file-height="135" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tails_screneshot.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Tails_screneshot.png/300px-Tails_screneshot.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Tails_screneshot.png/450px-Tails_screneshot.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Tails_screneshot.png/600px-Tails_screneshot.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Tails 6.1 Desktop, with <a href="/wiki/Tor_Browser" class="mw-redirect" title="Tor Browser">Tor Browser</a> open.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer</a></th><td class="infobox-data">The Tails Project</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">OS family</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> (<a href="/wiki/Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Working state</th><td class="infobox-data">Active</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Source model</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">Open source</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">June 23, 2009<span class="noprint">; 15 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2009-06-23</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data">6.12<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-11508278b8ab09ed4495857112459f7ab73695c4-v18_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-11508278b8ab09ed4495857112459f7ab73695c4-v18-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2801412?uselang=en#P348" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> / 6 February 2025<span class="noprint">; 7 days ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">6 February 2025</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gitlab.tails.boum.org/tails/tails">gitlab<wbr />.tails<wbr />.boum<wbr />.org<wbr />/tails<wbr />/tails</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Marketing target</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">Personal computers</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_language" title="Natural language">Available in</a></th><td class="infobox-data">33 languages</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Update method</th><td class="infobox-data">Tails Upgrader<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Package_manager" title="Package manager">Package manager</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/APT_(Debian)" class="mw-redirect" title="APT (Debian)">APT</a> (front-end), <a href="/wiki/Dpkg" title="Dpkg">dpkg</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Platforms</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/X86-64" title="X86-64">x86-64</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">Kernel</a> type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Monolithic_kernel" title="Monolithic kernel">Monolithic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/User_space_and_kernel_space" title="User space and kernel space">Userland</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/GNU" title="GNU">GNU</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">Default<br />user interface</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/GNOME" title="GNOME">GNOME 43</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License#Version_3" title="GNU General Public License">GNU GPLv3</a><sup id="cite_ref-H_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Incognito</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tails.net/">tails<wbr />.net</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tails</b>, or "<b>The Amnesic Incognito Live System</b>", is a <a href="/wiki/Security-focused_operating_system" title="Security-focused operating system">security-focused</a> <a href="/wiki/Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Linux_distribution" title="Linux distribution">Linux distribution</a> aimed at preserving <a href="/wiki/Internet_privacy" title="Internet privacy">privacy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anonymity" title="Anonymity">anonymity</a> against <a href="/wiki/Internet_surveillance" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet surveillance">surveillance</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LWN_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LWN-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It connects to the Internet exclusively through the anonymity network <a href="/wiki/Tor_(network)" title="Tor (network)">Tor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-TC_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TC-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The system is designed to be booted as a <a href="/wiki/Live_DVD" class="mw-redirect" title="Live DVD">live DVD</a> or <a href="/wiki/Live_USB" title="Live USB">live USB</a> and never writes to the <a href="/wiki/Hard_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard drive">hard drive</a> or <a href="/wiki/SSD" class="mw-redirect" title="SSD">SSD</a>, leaving no <a href="/wiki/Digital_footprint" title="Digital footprint">digital footprint</a> on the machine unless explicitly told to do so. It can also be run as a <a href="/wiki/Virtual_machine" title="Virtual machine">virtual machine</a>, with some additional security risks.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Tor_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Tor Project">Tor Project</a> provided financial support for Tails' development in the beginnings of the project,<sup id="cite_ref-finances_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-finances-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and continues to do so alongside numerous corporate and anonymous sponsors. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tails_(operating_system)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tails was first released on June 23, 2009. It is the next iteration of development on Incognito, a discontinued <a href="/wiki/Gentoo_Linux" title="Gentoo Linux">Gentoo</a>-based Linux distribution.<sup id="cite_ref-LJ_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LJ-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original project was called Amnesia. The operating system was born when Amnesia was merged with Incognito.<sup id="cite_ref-wired_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wired-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Tor Project provided financial support for its development in the beginnings of the project.<sup id="cite_ref-finances_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-finances-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tails also received funding from the <a href="/wiki/Open_Technology_Fund" title="Open Technology Fund">Open Technology Fund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mozilla" title="Mozilla">Mozilla</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_Press_Foundation" title="Freedom of the Press Foundation">Freedom of the Press Foundation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Laura_Poitras" title="Laura Poitras">Laura Poitras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Greenwald" title="Glenn Greenwald">Glenn Greenwald</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Schneier" title="Bruce Schneier">Bruce Schneier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barton_Gellman" title="Barton Gellman">Barton Gellman</a> have each said that Tails was an important tool they used in their work with <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency</a> whistleblower <a href="/wiki/Edward_Snowden" title="Edward Snowden">Edward Snowden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wired_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wired-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From release 3.0, in 2017, Tails requires a <a href="/wiki/64-bit_processor" class="mw-redirect" title="64-bit processor">64-bit processor</a> to run.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span data-darkreader-inline-color="" data-darkreader-inline-bgcolor="">In 2023, the </span>Tails Project <span data-darkreader-inline-color="" data-darkreader-inline-bgcolor="">approached the Tor Project to merge operations. The merger was completed on September 26, 2024, stating that, "By joining forces, the Tails team can now focus on their core mission of maintaining and improving Tails OS, exploring more and complementary use cases while benefiting from the larger organizational structure of The Tor Project."</span><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tails_(operating_system)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tails's pre-installed desktop environment is <a href="/wiki/GNOME_3" title="GNOME 3">GNOME 3</a>. The system includes essential software for functions such as reading and editing documents, image editing, video watching and printing. Other software from Debian can be installed at the user's behest.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-features_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-features-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite being <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open-source</a>, Tails contains non-free <a href="/wiki/Firmware" title="Firmware">firmware</a> <a href="/wiki/Binary_blob" title="Binary blob">blobs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tails includes a unique variety of software that handles the encryption of files and internet transmissions, <a href="/wiki/Cryptographic_signing" class="mw-redirect" title="Cryptographic signing">cryptographic signing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cryptographic_hashing" class="mw-redirect" title="Cryptographic hashing">hashing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electrum_Bitcoin_Wallet" title="Electrum Bitcoin Wallet">Electrum Bitcoin Wallet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aircrack-ng" title="Aircrack-ng">Aircrack-ng</a> and other functions important to security. It is pre-configured to use <a href="/wiki/Tor_(anonymity_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tor (anonymity network)">Tor</a> with multiple connection options. It tries to force all connections to use Tor and blocks connection attempts outside Tor. For networking, it features a modified version of <a href="/wiki/Tor_Browser" class="mw-redirect" title="Tor Browser">Tor Browser</a> with the inclusion of <a href="/wiki/UBlock_Origin" title="UBlock Origin">uBlock Origin</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> instant messaging, email, file transmission and monitoring local network connections for security.<sup id="cite_ref-features_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-features-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By design, Tails is "amnesic". It runs in the computer's <a href="/wiki/Random_access_memory" class="mw-redirect" title="Random access memory">random access memory</a> (RAM) and does not write to a hard drive or other storage medium. The user may choose to keep files, applications or some settings on their Tails drive in "Persistent Storage". Though the Persistent Storage is encrypted by default, it is not hidden and detectable by forensic analysis.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While shutting down, Tails overwrites most of the used RAM to avoid a <a href="/wiki/Cold_boot_attack" title="Cold boot attack">cold boot attack</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-memory-erasure_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memory-erasure-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Security_incidents">Security incidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tails_(operating_system)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Security incidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2014, <a href="/wiki/Das_Erste" title="Das Erste">Das Erste</a> reported that the <a href="/wiki/NSA" class="mw-redirect" title="NSA">NSA</a>'s <a href="/wiki/XKeyscore" title="XKeyscore">XKeyscore</a> surveillance system sets threat definitions for people who search for Tails using a search engine or visit the Tails website. A comment in XKeyscore's source code calls Tails "a <a href="/wiki/Communications_security" title="Communications security">comsec</a> mechanism advocated by extremists on extremist forums".<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the same year, <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></i></span> published slides from an internal <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency</a> presentation dating to June 2012, in which the NSA deemed Tails on its own as a "major threat" to its mission and in conjunction with other privacy tools as "catastrophic".<sup id="cite_ref-spiegel1_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spiegel1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-spiegel2_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spiegel2-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, the <a href="/wiki/FBI" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI">FBI</a> used malicious code developed by <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>, identifying sexual extortionist and Tails user <a href="/wiki/Buster_Hernandez" title="Buster Hernandez">Buster Hernandez</a> through a <a href="/wiki/Zero-day_vulnerability" title="Zero-day vulnerability">zero-day vulnerability</a> in the default video player. The exploit was never explained to or discovered by the Tails developers, but it is believed that the vulnerability was patched in a later release of Tails. Hernandez had eluded authorities for a long time; the FBI and Facebook had searched for him with no success, and resorted to developing the custom hacking tool. He was arrested in 2017, and in 2021 he was sentenced to 75 years in prison.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tails_(operating_system)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crypto-anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Crypto-anarchism">Crypto-anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_web" title="Dark web">Dark web</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_web" title="Deep web">Deep web</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_information" title="Freedom of information">Freedom of information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GlobaLeaks" title="GlobaLeaks">GlobaLeaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNU_Privacy_Guard" title="GNU Privacy Guard">GNU Privacy Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I2P" title="I2P">I2P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship" title="Internet censorship">Internet censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Off-the-record_messaging" title="Off-the-record messaging">Off-the-record messaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parrot_OS" title="Parrot OS">Parrot OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proxy_server" title="Proxy server">Proxy server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signal_(messaging_app)" class="mw-redirect" title="Signal (messaging app)">Signal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tor2web" title="Tor2web">Tor2web</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whonix" title="Whonix">Whonix</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tails_(operating_system)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-11508278b8ab09ed4495857112459f7ab73695c4-v18-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-11508278b8ab09ed4495857112459f7ab73695c4-v18_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=Prying+Eyes%3A+Inside+the+NSA%27s+War+on+Internet+Security&rft.date=2014-12-28&rft.au=SPIEGEL+Staff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Finternational%2Fgermany%2Finside-the-nsa-s-war-on-internet-security-a-1010361.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATails+%28operating+system%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-spiegel2-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-spiegel2_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141230100059/http://www.spiegel.de/media/media-35535.pdf">"Presentation from the SIGDEV Conference 2012 explaining which encryption protocols and techniques can be attacked and which not"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Der Spiegel</i>. December 28, 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/media/media-35535.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on December 30, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=Presentation+from+the+SIGDEV+Conference+2012+explaining+which+encryption+protocols+and+techniques+can+be+attacked+and+which+not&rft.date=2014-12-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fmedia%2Fmedia-35535.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATails+%28operating+system%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFranceschi-Bicchierai2020" class="citation news cs1">Franceschi-Bicchierai, Lorenzo (June 10, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/v7gd9b/facebook-helped-fbi-hack-child-predator-buster-hernandez">"Facebook Helped the FBI Hack a Child Predator"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Vice_(magazine)" title="Vice (magazine)">Vice</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200613000336/https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/v7gd9b/facebook-helped-fbi-hack-child-predator-buster-hernandez">Archived</a> from the original on June 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vice&rft.atitle=Facebook+Helped+the+FBI+Hack+a+Child+Predator&rft.date=2020-06-10&rft.aulast=Franceschi-Bicchierai&rft.aufirst=Lorenzo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vice.com%2Fen_us%2Farticle%2Fv7gd9b%2Ffacebook-helped-fbi-hack-child-predator-buster-hernandez&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATails+%28operating+system%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tails_(operating_system)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:The_Amnesic_Incognito_Live_System" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:The Amnesic Incognito Live System">The Amnesic Incognito Live System</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tails.net">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2801412#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tor_—_Onion_routing139" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:Tor_(anonymity_network)" title="Template:Tor (anonymity network)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tor_(anonymity_network)" title="Template talk:Tor (anonymity network)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tor_(anonymity_network)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tor (anonymity network)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tor_—_Onion_routing139" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tor_(network)" title="Tor (network)">Tor</a> — <a href="/wiki/Onion_routing" title="Onion routing">Onion routing</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Authors of <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DARPA" title="DARPA">DARPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Haven_Project" title="Free Haven Project">Free Haven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Naval_Research" title="Office of Naval Research">Office of Naval Research</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Tor_Project,_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="The Tor Project, Inc">The Tor Project, Inc</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Blaze" title="Matt Blaze">Matt Blaze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendy_Seltzer" title="Wendy Seltzer">Wendy Seltzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Goldberg" title="Ian Goldberg">Ian Goldberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Dingledine" title="Roger Dingledine">Roger Dingledine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriella_Coleman" title="Gabriella Coleman">Gabriella Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cindy_Cohn" title="Cindy Cohn">Cindy Cohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megan_Price" title="Megan Price">Megan Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Schneier" title="Bruce Schneier">Bruce Schneier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum" title="Jacob Appelbaum">Jacob Appelbaum</a> <small>(former)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sponsors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Agency_for_Global_Media" title="U.S. Agency for Global Media">U.S. Agency for Global Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_Frontier_Foundation" title="Electronic Frontier Foundation">Electronic Frontier Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knight_Foundation" title="Knight Foundation">Knight Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Foundation" title="Mozilla Foundation">Mozilla Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_International_Development_Cooperation_Agency" title="Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency">Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SRI_International" title="SRI International">SRI International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">United States Department of Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Science_Foundation" title="National Science Foundation">National Science Foundation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Realisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Proxifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Proxifier">Proxifiers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orbot" title="Orbot">Orbot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">Graphical user interface</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#F0F0F0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tor_(anonymity_network)#Nyx_status_monitor" class="mw-redirect" title="Tor (anonymity network)">Nyx status monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidalia_(software)" title="Vidalia (software)">Vidalia</a> <small>(outdated)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">Web browsers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PirateBrowser" title="PirateBrowser">PirateBrowser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tor_Browser_Bundle" class="mw-redirect" title="Tor Browser Bundle">Tor Browser Bundle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XB_Browser" title="XB Browser">xB Browser</a> <small>(outdated)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#F0F0F0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anonym.OS" title="Anonym.OS">Anonym.OS</a> <small>(outdated)</small></li> <li>Incognito <small>(outdated)</small></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">TAILS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whonix" title="Whonix">Whonix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XB_Machine" title="XB Machine">xB Machine</a> <small>(outdated)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Instant_messaging" title="Instant messaging">Instant messaging</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Briar_(software)" title="Briar (software)">Briar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricochet_(software)" title="Ricochet (software)">Ricochet</a> <small>(outdated)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TorChat" title="TorChat">TorChat</a> <small>(outdated)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tor_(anonymity_network)#Tor_Messenger" class="mw-redirect" title="Tor (anonymity network)">Tor Messenger</a> <small>(outdated)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/File_sharing" title="File sharing">File sharing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#F0F0F0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tribler" title="Tribler">Tribler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vuze" title="Vuze">Vuze</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Peer-to-peer_web_hosting" title="Peer-to-peer web hosting">Peer-to-peer web hosting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ZeroNet" title="ZeroNet">ZeroNet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Computer_appliance" title="Computer appliance">Computer appliances</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#F0F0F0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snowflake_(software)" title="Snowflake (software)">Snowflake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tor_Phone" class="mw-redirect" title="Tor Phone">Tor Phone</a><small>(outdated)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_onion_router" title="Wireless onion router">Wireless onion router</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-top-level_domain" title="Pseudo-top-level domain">Pseudo-top-level domains</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.exit" class="mw-redirect" title=".exit">.exit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.onion" title=".onion">.onion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.tor" title=".tor">.tor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Law Enforcement Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Bayonet_(darknet)" title="Operation Bayonet (darknet)">Operation Bayonet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Dark_Huntor" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Dark Huntor">Operation Dark Huntor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J-CODE" title="J-CODE">J-CODE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Onymous" title="Operation Onymous">Operation Onymous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Pacifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Pacifier">Operation Pacifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Torpedo" title="Operation Torpedo">Operation Torpedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Lobos_1" title="Operation Lobos 1">Operation Lobos 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Habitance" title="Project Habitance">Project Habitance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Linux_distributions729" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Linux_distributions" title="Template:Linux distributions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Linux_distributions" title="Template talk:Linux distributions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Linux_distributions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Linux distributions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Linux_distributions729" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Linux_distribution" title="Linux distribution">Linux distributions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/LineageOS" title="LineageOS">LineageOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki//e/_(operating_system)" title="/e/ (operating system)">/e/</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CalyxOS" title="CalyxOS">CalyxOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CrDroid" title="CrDroid">CrDroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iod%C3%A9OS" title="IodéOS">iodéOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Replicant_(operating_system)" title="Replicant (operating system)">Replicant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android-x86" title="Android-x86">Android-x86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android-x86#Project_Celadon" title="Android-x86">Celadon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherry_OS_(operating_system)" title="Cherry OS (operating system)">Cherry OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ColorOS" title="ColorOS">ColorOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMUI" title="EMUI">EMUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_OS" title="Fire OS">Fire OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GrapheneOS" title="GrapheneOS">GrapheneOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HiOS" title="HiOS">HiOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_UI" title="One UI">One UI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranoid_Android_(operating_system)" title="Paranoid Android (operating system)">Paranoid Android</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_Remix_OS" title="Resurrection Remix OS">Resurrection Remix OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OmniROM" title="OmniROM">OmniROM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XOS_(operating_system)" title="XOS (operating system)">XOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaomi_HyperOS" title="Xiaomi HyperOS">Xiaomi HyperOS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arch_Linux" title="Arch Linux">Arch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ArchBang" title="ArchBang">ArchBang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artix_Linux" title="Artix Linux">Artix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlackArch" title="BlackArch">BlackArch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EndeavourOS" title="EndeavourOS">EndeavourOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frugalware_Linux" title="Frugalware Linux">Frugalware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garuda_Linux" title="Garuda Linux">Garuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperbola_GNU/Linux-libre" title="Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre">Hyperbola GNU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LinHES" title="LinHES">LinHES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manjaro" title="Manjaro">Manjaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parabola_GNU/Linux-libre" title="Parabola GNU/Linux-libre">Parabola GNU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SteamOS" title="SteamOS">SteamOS</a> (3.0 onwards)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SystemRescue" title="SystemRescue">SystemRescue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu" title="Ubuntu">Ubuntu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Official: <a href="/wiki/Edubuntu" title="Edubuntu">Edubuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubuntu" title="Kubuntu">Kubuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubuntu" title="Lubuntu">Lubuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Budgie" title="Ubuntu Budgie">Ubuntu Budgie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Cinnamon" title="Ubuntu Cinnamon">Ubuntu Cinnamon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Kylin" title="Ubuntu Kylin">Ubuntu Kylin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_MATE" title="Ubuntu MATE">Ubuntu MATE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Studio" title="Ubuntu Studio">Ubuntu Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Unity" title="Ubuntu Unity">Ubuntu Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xubuntu" title="Xubuntu">Xubuntu</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Derivatives: <a href="/wiki/BackBox" title="BackBox">BackBox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodhi_Linux" title="Bodhi Linux">Bodhi Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elementary_OS" title="Elementary OS">elementary OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmabunt%C3%BCs" title="Emmabuntüs">Emmabuntüs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KDE_neon" title="KDE neon">KDE neon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freespire" title="Freespire">Freespire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_Lite" title="Linux Lite">Linux Lite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_Mint" title="Linux Mint">Linux Mint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LXLE_Linux" title="LXLE Linux">LXLE Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_(operating_system)" title="Nova (operating system)">Nova OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peppermint_OS" title="Peppermint OS">Peppermint OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop!_OS" title="Pop! OS">Pop! OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trisquel" title="Trisquel">Trisquel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Touch" title="Ubuntu Touch">Ubuntu Touch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruk_GNU/Linux" title="Uruk GNU/Linux">Uruk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wubuntu" title="Wubuntu">Wubuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zorin_OS" title="Zorin OS">Zorin OS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AntiX" title="AntiX">antiX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astra_Linux" title="Astra Linux">Astra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Operating_System_Solutions" title="Bharat Operating System Solutions">Bharat Operating System Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlankOn_Linux" title="BlankOn Linux">BlankOn Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodore_OS" title="Commodore OS">Commodore OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damn_Small_Linux" title="Damn Small Linux">Damn Small Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deepin" title="Deepin">deepin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devuan" title="Devuan">Devuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elive" title="Elive">Elive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endless_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="Endless OS">Endless OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreedomBox" title="FreedomBox">FreedomBox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaisen_Linux" title="Kaisen Linux">Kaisen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux">Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanotix" title="Kanotix">Kanotix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knoppix" title="Knoppix">Knoppix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MX_Linux" title="MX Linux">MX Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parrot_OS" title="Parrot OS">Parrot OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PureOS" title="PureOS">PureOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_OS" title="Raspberry Pi OS">Raspberry Pi OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q4OS" title="Q4OS">Q4OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slax" title="Slax">Slax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SparkyLinux" title="SparkyLinux">SparkyLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SolydXK" title="SolydXK">SolydXK</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tizen" title="Tizen">Tizen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unity_Operating_System" title="Unity Operating System">UOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whonix" title="Whonix">Whonix</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fedora_Linux" title="Fedora Linux">Fedora</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/CentOS_Stream" title="CentOS Stream">CentOS Stream</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AlmaLinux" title="AlmaLinux">AlmaLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EulerOS" title="EulerOS">EulerOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracle_Linux" title="Miracle Linux">MIRACLE LINUX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Linux" title="Oracle Linux">Oracle Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux" title="Red Hat Enterprise Linux">Red Hat Enterprise Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Linux" title="Rocky Linux">Rocky Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asahi_Linux" title="Asahi Linux">Asahi Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_Security_Toolkit" title="Network Security Toolkit">Network Security Toolkit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobara_Linux" title="Nobara Linux">Nobara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qubes_OS" title="Qubes OS">Qubes OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Star_OS" title="Red Star OS">Red Star OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailfish_OS" title="Sailfish OS">Sailfish OS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gentoo_Linux" title="Gentoo Linux">Gentoo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calculate_Linux" title="Calculate Linux">Calculate Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ChromiumOS" title="ChromiumOS">ChromiumOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChromeOS" title="ChromeOS">ChromeOS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentoo" title="Pentoo">Pentoo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mandrake_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandrake Linux">Mandrake</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ALT_Linux" title="ALT Linux">ALT Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCLinuxOS" title="PCLinuxOS">PCLinuxOS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mandriva_Linux" title="Mandriva Linux">Mandriva</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mageia" title="Mageia">Mageia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenMandriva_Lx" title="OpenMandriva Lx">OpenMandriva Lx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ROSA_Linux" title="ROSA Linux">ROSA Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Slackware" title="Slackware">Slackware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrumi_Linux" title="Austrumi Linux">Austrumi Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porteus_(operating_system)" title="Porteus (operating system)">Porteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salix_OS" title="Salix OS">Salix OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slax" title="Slax">Slax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenwalk" title="Zenwalk">Zenwalk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/SUSE_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="SUSE Linux">SUSE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OpenSUSE" title="OpenSUSE">openSUSE</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SUSE_Linux_Enterprise" title="SUSE Linux Enterprise">SUSE Linux Enterprise</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Open_Enterprise_Server" title="Open Enterprise Server">Open Enterprise Server</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GeckoLinux" title="GeckoLinux">GeckoLinux</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4MLinux" title="4MLinux">4MLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_Linux" title="Alpine Linux">Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHAOS_(operating_system)" title="CHAOS (operating system)">CHAOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimera_Linux" title="Chimera Linux">Chimera Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clear_Linux_OS" title="Clear Linux OS">Clear Linux OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CRUX" title="CRUX">CRUX</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kwort_Linux" title="Kwort Linux">Kwort</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GoboLinux" title="GoboLinux">GoboLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNU_Guix_System" class="mw-redirect" title="GNU Guix System">Guix SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KaiOS" title="KaiOS">KaiOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KaOS" title="KaOS">KaOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NixOS" title="NixOS">NixOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puppy_Linux" title="Puppy Linux">Puppy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Source_Mage" title="Source Mage">Source Mage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solus_(operating_system)" title="Solus (operating system)">Solus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T2_SDE" title="T2 SDE">T2 SDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiny_Core_Linux" title="Tiny Core Linux">Tiny Core Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Void_Linux" title="Void Linux">Void</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Discontinued</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CyanogenMod" title="CyanogenMod">CyanogenMod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DivestOS" title="DivestOS">DivestOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIUI" title="MIUI">MIUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PixelExperience" title="PixelExperience">PixelExperience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remix_OS" title="Remix OS">Remix OS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arch_Linux" title="Arch Linux">Arch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ArchLabs" title="ArchLabs">ArchLabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antergos" title="Antergos">Antergos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakra_(operating_system)" title="Chakra (operating system)">Chakra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ubuntu: <a href="/wiki/Asturix" title="Asturix">Asturix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lab_Linux" title="Black Lab Linux">Black Lab Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cub_Linux" title="Cub Linux">Cub Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gobuntu" title="Gobuntu">Gobuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GOS_(operating_system)" title="GOS (operating system)">gOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_Caixa_M%C3%A1gica" title="Linux Caixa Mágica">Linux Caixa Mágica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LinuxTLE" title="LinuxTLE">LinuxTLE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinguy_OS" title="Pinguy OS">Pinguy OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabily" title="Sabily">Sabily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_GNOME" title="Ubuntu GNOME">Ubuntu GNOME</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Other derivatives: <a href="/wiki/BackTrack" title="BackTrack">BackTrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corel_Linux" title="Corel Linux">Corel Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CrunchBang_Linux" title="CrunchBang Linux">CrunchBang Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DoudouLinux" title="DoudouLinux">DoudouLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreamlinux" title="Dreamlinux">Dreamlinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feather_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="Feather Linux">Feather Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNewSense" title="GNewSense">gNewSense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HandyLinux" title="HandyLinux">HandyLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libranet" title="Libranet">Libranet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musix_GNU%2BLinux" title="Musix GNU+Linux">Musix GNU+Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsix" title="Parsix">Parsix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SteamOS" title="SteamOS">SteamOS</a> (1.0–2.0)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunwah_Linux" title="Sunwah Linux">Sunwah Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gentoo_Linux" title="Gentoo Linux">Gentoo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Container_Linux" title="Container Linux">Container Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabayon_Linux" title="Sabayon Linux">Sabayon Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XB_Machine" title="XB Machine">xB Machine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Red_Hat_Linux" title="Red Hat Linux">Red Hat</a>/<a href="/wiki/Fedora_Linux" title="Fedora Linux">Fedora</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BLAG_Linux_and_GNU" title="BLAG Linux and GNU">BLAG Linux and GNU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CentOS" title="CentOS">CentOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ClearOS" title="ClearOS">ClearOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linpus_Linux" title="Linpus Linux">Linpus Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korora_(operating_system)" title="Korora (operating system)">Korora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_for_PlayStation_2" title="Linux for PlayStation 2">Linux for PlayStation 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_Linux" title="Scientific Linux">Scientific Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hat_Linux" title="Red Hat Linux">Red Hat Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocks_Cluster_Distribution" title="Rocks Cluster Distribution">Rocks Cluster Distribution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Think_Blue_Linux" title="Think Blue Linux">Think Blue Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbolinux" title="Turbolinux">Turbolinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vine_Linux" title="Vine Linux">Vine Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Dog_Linux" title="Yellow Dog Linux">Yellow Dog Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Slackware" title="Slackware">Slackware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_Linux" title="Absolute Linux">Absolute Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BioSLAX" title="BioSLAX">BioSLAX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damn_Vulnerable_Linux" title="Damn Vulnerable Linux">Damn Vulnerable Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KateOS" title="KateOS">KateOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongoni_(operating_system)" title="Kongoni (operating system)">Kongoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NimbleX" title="NimbleX">NimbleX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platypux" title="Platypux">Platypux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TopologiLinux" title="TopologiLinux">TopologiLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VectorLinux" title="VectorLinux">VectorLinux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/SUSE_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="SUSE Linux">SUSE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SUSE_Studio" title="SUSE Studio">SUSE Studio Express</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caldera_OpenLinux" title="Caldera OpenLinux">Caldera OpenLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DemoLinux" title="DemoLinux">DemoLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familiar_Linux" title="Familiar Linux">Familiar Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefox_OS" title="Firefox OS">Firefox OS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Firefox_OS#B2G_OS" title="Firefox OS">B2G OS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floppyfw" title="Floppyfw">Floppyfw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foresight_Linux" title="Foresight Linux">Foresight Linux</a></li> <li><a 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