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Sterling Ruby’s New Paintings Sold for $550,000 Each at Frieze New York. Are They Worth That?

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.gm-dropdown > .gm-dropdown-menu-wrapper {transition: all 0.2s; transform: translateY(40px);}.gm-dropdown-appearance-animate-from-bottom .gm-dropdown.gm-open > .gm-dropdown-menu-wrapper {visibility: visible; transform: translateY(0); opacity: 1;}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-navbar .gm-dropdown-menu .gm-dropdown-toggle .gm-caret {font-size: 11px}}.gm-navbar:not(.gm-navbar-sticky-toggle) .gm-navbar-nav > li.current-menu-item > .gm-anchor, .gm-navbar:not(.gm-navbar-sticky-toggle) .gm-navbar-nav > li.current-menu-ancestor > .gm-anchor, .gm-navbar:not(.gm-navbar-sticky-toggle) .gm-navbar-nav > li.current-page-ancestor > .gm-anchor, .gm-navbar:not(.gm-navbar-sticky-toggle) .gm-navbar-nav > li.current-menu-parent > .gm-anchor, .gm-navbar:not(.gm-navbar-sticky-toggle) .gm-navbar-nav > .menu-item > .gm-anchor:hover, .gm-navbar:not(.gm-navbar-sticky-toggle) .gm-navbar-nav > .menu-item.gm-open > .gm-anchor {color: rgba(90, 90, 90, 1) !important}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm_action__visibility__mobile {display: none !important;}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm_action__visibility__desktop {display: none !important;}}.gm-dropdown-menu, .gm-minicart-dropdown {transition: all 0.17s;}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-navbar--shadow-dropdown-tiny.gm-navbar--has-shadow-dropdown .gm-dropdown-menu {box-shadow: 0 3px 6px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);}.gm-navbar--shadow-dropdown-medium.gm-navbar--has-shadow-dropdown .gm-dropdown-menu {box-shadow: 0 8px 15px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);}.gm-navbar--shadow-dropdown-large.gm-navbar--has-shadow-dropdown .gm-dropdown-menu {box-shadow: 0 12px 30px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 2px 4px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);}.gm-navbar--shadow-dropdown-deep.gm-navbar--has-shadow-dropdown .gm-dropdown-menu {box-shadow: 0px 5px 15px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 3px 4px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);}}.gm-navbar, .gm-main-menu-wrapper, .gm-navigation-drawer {font-family: inherit}.gm-navbar:not(.gm-navbar-sticky-toggle) .gm-inner-bg, .gm-padding {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1)}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-padding {padding-top: 44px}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-padding {padding-top: 50px}}.gm-navbar:not(.gm-navbar-sticky-toggle) .gm-inner {border-bottom-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); border-bottom-width: 0px}.gm-navbar ~ .gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-menu-item__icon, .gm-navbar .gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-menu-item__icon, .gm-toolbar-nav-container .gm-menu-item__icon {margin-right: 8px;}.gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-navbar-nav .gm-menu-item__icon {display: none}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-navbar-nav > .gm-dropdown:not(.mega-gm-dropdown) .gm-dropdown-menu {min-width: 230px}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-navbar #gm-toolbar .gm-toolbar-social-link:hover {color: rgba(165, 226, 94, 1) !important}.gm-navbar .gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-actions .gm-toolbar-social-link:hover {color: rgba(165, 226, 94, 1) !important}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-navbar:not(.gm-navbar-sticky-toggle) .gm-logo__img-default {display: flex;}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-navbar:not(.gm-navbar-sticky-toggle) .gm-logo__img-alt {display: none;}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-main-menu-wrapper #gm-main-menu .gm-navbar-nav > .menu-item > .gm-anchor {color: rgba(90, 90, 90, 1)}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-navbar:not(.gm-navbar-sticky-toggle) .gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-nav-inline-divider {background-color: rgba(90, 90, 90, 1)}.gm-navbar--has-divider .gm-navbar-nav > li:not(:last-of-type) > .gm-anchor {position: relative;}.gm-navbar--has-divider .gm-navbar-nav > li:not(:last-of-type) > .gm-anchor::before {position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 30px; opacity: 0.25; content: ""; top: 50%; right: 0; transform: translateY(-50%);}.gm-navbar.gm-navbar--has-divider:not(.gm-navbar-sticky-toggle) .gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-navbar-nav > li:not(:last-of-type) > .gm-anchor::before {background-color: rgba(90, 90, 90, 1)}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-main-menu-wrapper #gm-main-menu .gm-navbar-nav .gm-dropdown-menu .gm-menu-item__link {color: 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.gm-navbar-nav .gm-dropdown-menu .gm-mega-menu__item.current-page-ancestor > .gm-mega-menu__item__title .gm-menu-item__txt, .gm-main-menu-wrapper #gm-main-menu .gm-navbar-nav .gm-dropdown-menu .gm-mega-menu__item.current-menu-item > .gm-mega-menu__item__title .gm-menu-item__txt {color: rgba(204, 32, 59, 1)}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-mega-menu__item__title, .gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-mega-menu__item__title .gm-menu-item__txt {color:rgba(110, 110, 111, 1)}}.gm-navigation-drawer {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1);}.gm-mobile-submenu-style-slider .gm-navbar-nav .gm-dropdown-menu-wrapper {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1);}.gm-navigation-drawer .gm-anchor, .gm-navigation-drawer .gm-mega-menu__item__title, .gm-navigation-drawer--mobile .gm-navbar-nav .gm-dropdown-menu-title {color: rgba(90, 90, 90, 1) !important}.gm-navigation-drawer .gm-anchor, .gm-navigation-drawer .gm-mega-menu__item__title {border-bottom: 1px dotted rgba(90, 90, 90, 1)}.gm-navigation-drawer .gm-divider--vertical {border-color: rgba(90, 90, 90, 1)}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-navbar .gm-container {flex-direction: row-reverse !important;}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-navigation-drawer .gm-search, .gm-navigation-drawer .gm-minicart {color: rgb(90, 90, 90, 1) !important;}}.gm-navigation-drawer .gm-anchor:hover, .gm-navigation-drawer li.current-menu-parent > .gm-anchor, .gm-navigation-drawer li.current-menu-item > .gm-anchor {color: rgba(90, 90, 90, 1) !important}.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile .gm-mobile-menu-container {z-index: 20;}.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile .gm-menu-btn.gm-hamburger-close {display: block; position: relative; margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; z-index: 10; width: 24px; height: 24px;}.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile .gm-menu-btn.gm-hamburger-close .gm-menu-btn__inner {display: block; box-sizing: content-box; text-align: center;}.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile.gm-navigation-drawer--right .gm-menu-btn.gm-hamburger-close {margin-right: auto; margin-left: 0;}.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile.gm-navigation-drawer--left .gm-menu-btn.gm-hamburger-close {margin-right: 0; margin-left: auto;}.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile {max-width: 100%; width: 100%;}.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile {overflow: visible;}.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile .gm-burger {position: absolute;}.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile.gm-navigation-drawer--right .gm-burger {right: calc( 100% + 16px );}.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile.gm-navigation-drawer--left .gm-burger {left: calc( 100% + 16px );}.gm-navigation-drawer--open .gm-burger {margin-top: 8px !important; z-index: 10;}.gm-navigation-drawer--open.gm-navigation-drawer--right .gm-burger {right: calc( 100% - 24px );}.gm-navigation-drawer--open.gm-navigation-drawer--left .gm-burger {left: calc( 100% - 24px );}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-navigation-drawer--open .gm-burger .hamburger-inner, .gm-navigation-drawer--open .gm-burger .hamburger-inner::after, .gm-navigation-drawer--open .gm-burger .hamburger-inner::before {background-color: rgba(104, 104, 104, 1) !important;}.gm-navigation-drawer .gm-hamburger-close .gm-menu-btn__inner {color: rgba(104, 104, 104, 1);}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-navigation-drawer--open .gm-burger .hamburger-box, .gm-navigation-drawer--open .gm-burger .hamburger-inner, .gm-navigation-drawer--open .gm-burger .hamburger-inner::after, .gm-navigation-drawer--open .gm-burger .hamburger-inner::before {width: 24px !important;}.gm-navigation-drawer--open .gm-burger .hamburger-box {height: 24px !important;}.gm-navigation-drawer .gm-hamburger-close .gm-menu-btn__inner {width: 24px; height: 24px;}.gm-navigation-drawer .gm-hamburger-close .gm-menu-btn__inner > i {font-size: 24px; width: 24px; height: 24px;}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-navigation-drawer--open .gm-burger {background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) !important;}.gm-navigation-drawer .gm-hamburger-close .gm-menu-btn__inner {background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile .gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer {padding: 12px 0px 12px 0px;}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile .gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer {display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; flex-direction: row; align-content: center; justify-content: flex-start; flex: 0; width: 100%;}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer .hamburger {padding: 0; cursor: pointer; justify-content: center; padding: 0; min-width: 24px;}.gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer .hamburger .hamburger-box, .gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer .hamburger .hamburger-inner, .gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer .hamburger .hamburger-inner::after, .gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer .hamburger .hamburger-inner::before {width: 24px;}.gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer .hamburger .hamburger-box {height: 24px;}.gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer .gm-menu-btn__inner {font-size: 24px;}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer .hamburger .hamburger-inner, .gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer .hamburger .hamburger-inner::after, .gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer .hamburger .hamburger-inner::before {height: 3px;}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer .hamburger .hamburger-inner, .gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer .hamburger .hamburger-inner::after, .gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer .hamburger .hamburger-inner::before {background-color: rgba(104, 104, 104, 1);}.gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer .gm-menu-btn__inner {color: rgba(104, 104, 104, 1);}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer .hamburger {background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);}.gm-menu-btn-close-mobile-drawer .gm-menu-btn__inner {background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-anchor, .gm-mega-menu__item__title {padding:9px 0;}.gm-navigation-drawer .gm-caret {position: absolute; right: 0; height: 38px; top: auto; padding: calc( 9px + 3px ) 0 9px 18px; min-width: 50px;}.gm-navigation-drawer .gm-dropdown > .gm-anchor {position: relative;}.gm-navigation-drawer .gm-dropdown > .gm-anchor .gm-menu-item__txt-wrapper {padding-right: 50px;}}.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile.gm-navigation-drawer--right {transform: translate3d(calc( 100% ), 0, 0); right: 0}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-hide-on-mobile {display: none;}.gm-hide-on-mobile-by-option {display: none !important;}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-inner .gm-container {height: 50px;}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile .gm-navbar-nav > .gm-menu-item > .gm-anchor, .gm-navigation-drawer--mobile .gm-navbar-nav .gm-dropdown-menu-title {font-size: 12px}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile .gm-navbar-nav > .gm-menu-item > .gm-anchor, .gm-navigation-drawer--mobile .gm-navbar-nav .gm-dropdown-menu-title {text-transform: uppercase}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile .gm-dropdown-menu .gm-anchor {font-size: 11px}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-navigation-drawer--mobile .gm-dropdown-menu .gm-anchor {text-transform: uppercase}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-navbar-nav > li > .gm-anchor {font-size: 14px}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-menu-item__link {font-size: 11px}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-navbar-nav > li > .gm-anchor {text-transform: uppercase}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-menu-item__link {text-transform: uppercase}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-mega-menu__item__title, .gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-mega-menu__item__title .gm-menu-item__txt {text-transform: uppercase}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-mega-menu__item__title, .gm-main-menu-wrapper .gm-mega-menu__item__title .gm-menu-item__txt {font-size: 13px}}#lang_sel_click {display: none}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-navbar .gm-logo {flex: 1 1; justify-content: flex-start;}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-burger {display: none;}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-burger {display: block;}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-menu-btn__inner {color: rgba(104, 104, 104, 1);}.gm-menu-actions-wrapper a.gm-minicart-link {color: rgba(104, 104, 104, 1) !important;}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-menu-btn__inner {font-size: 24px;}}@media (min-width: 1024px) {.gm-menu-btn__inner {background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);}}@media (max-width: 1023px) {.gm-menu-btn__inner {color: rgba(104, 104, 104, 1);}.gm-menu-actions-wrapper .gm-search > .gm-icon {color: rgba(104, 104, 104, 1);}.gm-menu-actions-wrapper a {color: rgba(104, 104, 104, 1);}.gm-menu-actions-wrapper a.gm-minicart-link {color: rgba(104, 104, 104, 1) !important;}.gm-burger .hamburger-inner, .gm-burger .hamburger-inner::after, .gm-burger .hamburger-inner::before {background-color: rgba(104, 104, 104, 1);}.gm-burger.hamburger.is-active .hamburger-inner, .gm-burger.hamburger.is-active .hamburger-inner::after, .gm-burger.hamburger.is-active .hamburger-inner::before {background-color: rgba(104, 104, 104, 1);}}@media 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11.1091ZM87.2721 12.4854C86.5018 13.815 86.0949 15.3237 86.0922 16.8602H100.153C100.076 15.3153 99.6198 13.813 98.8258 12.4854C97.5475 10.6175 95.7284 9.83103 93.0735 9.83103C90.3203 9.83103 88.2554 10.8633 87.2721 12.4854ZM112.985 10.5192V25.7573C112.985 27.3794 113.723 27.6743 115.542 27.6743C116.301 27.6502 117.057 27.568 117.803 27.4286L117.902 31.4101C117.009 31.5695 116.104 31.6517 115.198 31.6559C110.625 31.6559 108.61 29.8863 108.61 25.9048V10.5192H105.07V6.83257H108.61V0H112.985V6.83257H117.995V10.5192H112.985Z"></path></svg><h1 class="-mt-2 text-3xl">Price Database</h1></div><div class="hidden pl-4 print:flex print:h-7 print:flex-initial print:items-center print:justify-between print:text-xs print:text-neutral-400"><div>24 November 2024</div></div></header><header class="h-[56px] lg:h-[123px] print:hidden"><div class="hidden js_GlobalHeader bg-white duration-700 lg:block dark:bg-black border-b-[1px] border-neutral-200 fixed top-0 left-0 right-0 transition ease-in-out z-[1500]"><div><div class="js_GlobalHeaderDesktop mx-auto bg-white px-8 pt-8 dark:bg-black" style="max-width:137.2rem"><div class="relative" data-headlessui-state=""><div><div class="flex items-center justify-center pb-6"><a href="https://www.artnet.com/" class="js_ArtnetLogo"><svg class="inline-block h-6 fill-brand-black -ml-[0.6rem] fill-black dark:fill-white" viewBox="0 0 118 32" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M23.599 27.7727L23.6973 31.4101C22.7865 31.5507 21.8657 31.6164 20.9441 31.6068C18.2401 31.6068 16.7651 30.3287 16.5193 27.7727C15.1427 30.5745 12.4386 32 8.25966 32C4.08066 32 0 29.7389 0 24.9217C0 19.6129 4.47398 18.1383 8.35799 17.4009L16.4701 15.828C16.4701 13.616 16.3718 12.3871 15.6343 11.3548C14.8969 10.3226 13.3236 9.73272 11.1604 9.73272C6.88305 9.73272 5.16229 11.3057 5.16229 15.0415L0.835799 14.4516C0.934128 11.5023 1.96658 9.33948 3.88401 8.06144C5.65393 6.88172 8.25966 6.2427 11.4062 6.2427C17.6009 6.2427 20.7475 8.99539 20.7475 14.3533V26.1014C20.7475 27.3794 20.7475 27.9693 22.1732 27.9693C22.6546 27.9608 23.1333 27.8948 23.599 27.7727ZM16.4701 19.1214L9.04629 20.7435C6.44057 21.3333 4.52315 22.0707 4.52315 24.8725C4.52315 27.1828 6.5389 28.4608 8.94796 28.4608C14.3069 28.4608 16.4701 25.659 16.4701 22.1198V19.1214ZM37.8076 6.63594C38.2009 6.58679 39.135 6.58679 39.4792 6.58679L39.3809 10.765C39.0057 10.7206 38.6277 10.7042 38.2501 10.7158C33.5794 10.7158 30.1871 12.1905 30.1871 20.1045V31.4101H25.7623V6.83257H30.1871V11.5023C30.8754 9.19201 33.7761 7.1275 37.8076 6.63594ZM49.8087 6.83257H54.8235V10.5192H49.8087V25.7573C49.8087 27.3794 50.5462 27.6743 52.3652 27.6743C53.1243 27.6502 53.8803 27.568 54.6268 27.4286L54.7251 31.4101C53.8325 31.5695 52.9278 31.6517 52.0211 31.6559C47.4488 31.6559 45.433 29.8863 45.433 25.9048V10.5192H41.8932V6.83257H45.433V0H49.8087V6.83257ZM76.9475 8.99539C78.8158 11.0108 78.865 14.2058 78.865 16.8111V31.4101H74.2927V17.0568C74.2927 14.7957 74.3418 12.7803 72.8177 11.3548C71.4411 9.97849 69.8187 9.92934 68.4421 9.92934C66.2788 9.92934 62.0507 10.8141 62.0507 17.8433V31.4101H57.6259V6.83257H62.0507V10.5684C63.2798 7.81567 65.6889 6.2427 69.622 6.2427C72.8669 6.2427 75.1776 7.1275 76.9475 8.99539ZM102.611 11.1091C104.086 13.4685 104.873 16.9585 104.676 20.4485H86.0381C86.1364 25.8556 88.398 28.4608 93.0195 28.4608C97.1985 28.4608 99.46 26.6912 100.05 22.9555L104.327 23.2995C103.246 29.0507 99.3125 32 93.0735 32C89.2879 32 86.338 30.8694 84.2239 28.4117C82.159 26.1014 81.2249 22.9063 81.2249 19.0722C81.2249 15.4347 82.2573 12.2396 84.3222 9.92934C86.4855 7.47158 89.4845 6.2427 93.0244 6.2427C96.9084 6.2427 100.596 7.91398 102.611 11.1091ZM87.2721 12.4854C86.5018 13.815 86.0949 15.3237 86.0922 16.8602H100.153C100.076 15.3153 99.6198 13.813 98.8258 12.4854C97.5475 10.6175 95.7284 9.83103 93.0735 9.83103C90.3203 9.83103 88.2554 10.8633 87.2721 12.4854ZM112.985 10.5192V25.7573C112.985 27.3794 113.723 27.6743 115.542 27.6743C116.301 27.6502 117.057 27.568 117.803 27.4286L117.902 31.4101C117.009 31.5695 116.104 31.6517 115.198 31.6559C110.625 31.6559 108.61 29.8863 108.61 25.9048V10.5192H105.07V6.83257H108.61V0H112.985V6.83257H117.995V10.5192H112.985Z"></path></svg></a></div><div class="flex"><div class="flex items-baseline pb-4 flex grow"><div class="relative" data-headlessui-state=""><nav class="flex"><button type="button" class="w-[1px] cursor-pointer opacity-0" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"></button><div class="relative dark:text-white" data-headlessui-state=""><a href="https://www.artnet.com/artists" class="js_NavLink items-center pr-7 text-base hover:text-[#737373] dark:hover:text-neutral-400 focus:text-[#737373]" data-testid="artists">Artists</a><div hidden="" style="display:none"><div class="absolute top-full z-[1500] mt-4 -ml-4 border-[1px] border-neutral-200 bg-white shadow-lg dark:bg-black" id="headlessui-popover-panel-undefined" tabindex="-1" data-headlessui-state=""><ul class="relative flex w-fit 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Are They Worth That?" data-analytics='&#x7B;&quot;pageType&quot;&#x3A;&quot;Article&#x20;Detail&quot;,&quot;pageCategory&quot;&#x3A;&quot;The&#x20;Art&#x20;Detective&quot;,&quot;tags&quot;&#x3A;&#x5B;&quot;Artnet&#x20;Pro&quot;&#x5D;,&quot;author&quot;&#x3A;&#x5B;&quot;Katya&#x20;Kazakina&quot;&#x5D;,&quot;date&quot;&#x3A;&quot;05&#x5C;&#x2F;24&quot;,&quot;artistId&quot;&#x3A;&#x5B;&quot;sterling&#x20;ruby&quot;&#x5D;,&quot;galleryId&quot;&#x3A;&#x5B;&#x5D;,&quot;auctionHouseId&quot;&#x3A;&#x5B;&#x5D;,&quot;clientId&quot;&#x3A;&quot;CLIENT_ID&#x28;AMP_ECID_GOOGLE,,_ga&#x29;&quot;,&quot;registrationType&quot;&#x3A;&quot;Not&#x20;Signed&#x20;Up&quot;&#x7D;' data-ad-targeting='&#x5B;&#x7B;&quot;name&quot;&#x3A;&quot;environment&quot;,&quot;value&quot;&#x3A;&quot;production&quot;&#x7D;,&#x7B;&quot;name&quot;&#x3A;&quot;page&quot;,&quot;value&quot;&#x3A;&quot;Article&quot;&#x7D;,&#x7B;&quot;name&quot;&#x3A;&quot;section&quot;,&quot;value&quot;&#x3A;&quot;the-art-detective&quot;&#x7D;,&#x7B;&quot;name&quot;&#x3A;&quot;day&quot;,&quot;value&quot;&#x3A;&quot;24&quot;&#x7D;,&#x7B;&quot;name&quot;&#x3A;&quot;author&quot;,&quot;value&quot;&#x3A;&quot;Katya&#x20;Kazakina&quot;&#x7D;,&#x7B;&quot;name&quot;&#x3A;&quot;article-id&quot;,&quot;value&quot;&#x3A;&quot;ID2479788&quot;&#x7D;,&#x7B;&quot;name&quot;&#x3A;&quot;article-title&quot;,&quot;value&quot;&#x3A;&quot;Sterling&#x20;Rubys&#x20;New&#x20;Paintings&#x20;Sold&#x20;for&#x20;550000&#x20;Each&#x20;at&#x20;Frieze&#x20;New&#x20;York&#x20;Are&#x20;They&#x20;Worth&#x20;That&#x3F;&quot;&#x7D;,&#x7B;&quot;name&quot;&#x3A;&quot;format&quot;,&quot;value&quot;&#x3A;&quot;standard&quot;&#x7D;,&#x7B;&quot;name&quot;&#x3A;&quot;tags&quot;,&quot;value&quot;&#x3A;&#x5B;&quot;Artnet&#x20;Pro&quot;&#x5D;&#x7D;,&#x7B;&quot;name&quot;&#x3A;&quot;artist&quot;,&quot;value&quot;&#x3A;&#x5B;&quot;sterling&#x20;ruby&quot;&#x5D;&#x7D;,&#x7B;&quot;name&quot;&#x3A;&quot;gallery&quot;,&quot;value&quot;&#x3A;&#x5B;&#x5D;&#x7D;,&#x7B;&quot;name&quot;&#x3A;&quot;auction-house&quot;,&quot;value&quot;&#x3A;&#x5B;&#x5D;&#x7D;,&#x7B;&quot;name&quot;&#x3A;&quot;article-template&quot;,&quot;value&quot;&#x3A;&#x5B;&quot;article2&quot;&#x5D;&#x7D;&#x5D;'> <div class="widget-area" data-num-slides=> <ul class="list-unstyled"><li class="artnet-ads-ad widget-1 widget-odd widget-container piklist-universal-widget"><div class="artnet-ads-ad widget-1 widget-odd widget"><div id="leaderboardtest-2479788-67429591451be-hidden" data-slot="leaderboardtest" class="artnet-ad"></div> </div></li><li class="artnet-ads-ad widget-2 widget-even widget-alt widget-container piklist-universal-widget"><div class="artnet-ads-ad widget-2 widget-even widget-alt widget"><div id="Teads_inRead-2479788-674295914522d-hidden" data-slot="Teads_inRead" class="artnet-ad"></div> </div></li></ul> </div> <style> .artnet-ad iframe { max-width: 100% !important; margin: 0rem auto !important; } </style> <div class="container custom-container-setting"> <div class="row adjust-article article-B-hide-sidebar"> <article class="article-wrapper post-type-post format-standard" id="post-2479788"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="flex-columns row"> <div class="article-content col-md-12 "> <div class="article-header"> <h5 class="article-category h5"> <a href="https://news.artnet.com/market/columns/the-art-detective">The Art Detective</a> <svg class="article-tag-icon" aria-label="Pro" viewBox="0 0 194.3 104.7"><use href="#pro-icon"></svg> <data id="premium_article_2479788" value="1" /> </h5> <h1 class="article-title h1">Sterling Ruby&#8217;s New Paintings Sold for $550,000 Each at Frieze New York. Are They Worth That?</h1> <p class="article-blurb">The artist's market was once red hot, but auction results in recent years have been disappointing.</p> </div> <figure class="article-image"> <div class="featured-img-main"> <img fetchpriority="high" srcset=" https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/RUBY_PORTRAIT_2024_004-220x200.jpg 220w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/RUBY_PORTRAIT_2024_004-256x256.jpg 256w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/RUBY_PORTRAIT_2024_004-380x300.jpg 380w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/RUBY_PORTRAIT_2024_004-608x480.jpg 608w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/RUBY_PORTRAIT_2024_004-750x550.jpg 750w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/RUBY_PORTRAIT_2024_004-1024x576.jpg 1024w " sizes="(max-width: 220px) 100vw, (max-width: 256px) 100vw, (max-width: 380px) 100vw, (max-width: 608px) 100vw, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" src="https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/RUBY_PORTRAIT_2024_004-1024x576.jpg" width="1024" height="1024" alt="an artist crouches on the floor working on paintings" title="an artist crouches on the floor working on paintings" /> </div> <figcaption>Sterling Ruby in his studio, Los Angeles , 2024. Artwork © Sterling Ruby/Photo: Romoff Media/Courtesy: Gagosian</figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="flex-columns row"> <div class="article-content col-md-9"> <div class="flex-columns row"> <div class="col-md-12 col-md-push-2 push-unset"> <div class="container-adjust"> <div class="shares-content-width"> <p class="article-byline"> <a href="https://news.artnet.com/about/katya-kazakina-1589">Katya Kazakina</a> <span class="dots"></span> <time datetime="2024-05-06T12:39:04-04:00" title="May 6, 2024 8:39 AM">May 6, 2024</time> <span class="dots"></span> <span class="a2a_dd share-header" role="button"> <a class="a2a_dd addtoany_share_save addtoany_share" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share" data-a2a-url="https://news.artnet.com/market/sterling-ruby-market-2479788" data-a2a-title="Sterling Ruby’s New Paintings Sold for $550,000 Each at Frieze New York. Are They Worth That?"><img src="/app/themes/artnet-news/assets/img/share.svg" alt="Share"></a> <span class="hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg">Share</span><span class="hidden-xs">Share This Article</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="article-body article-tmpl-b article-content-b" data-post-id="2479788"> <p>To understand the weirdness in the contemporary art market right now, you don’t have to look any further than Sterling Ruby.</p><div class=" hidden-s hidden-xs"><div class="condensed-newsletter-signup"> <div class="trigger-wrapper"> <h3>The best of Artnet News in your inbox.</h3> <p><a class="condensed-newsletter-trigger" href="#">Sign up for our daily newsletter.</a></p> </div> <ul class="form-container list-unstyled hidden"> <li class="theme-newsletter-signup"> <div class="theme-newsletter-signup widget"> <form class="newsletter-signup-form" action="https://www.artnet.com/api/subscriptions" method="POST"> <div class="newsletter-form-content"> <h2 class="widgettitle"> The best of Artnet News in your inbox. </h2> <div class="widgethint"> Sign up for our daily newsletter. </div> <input type="hidden" name="Source" class="source" value="artnetnews"> <div class="form-group text"> <input type="text" name="Email" class="signup-email form-control" placeholder="Enter your email"> <div class="form-group buttons"> <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary btn-xs btn-block text-center" value="Subscribe"> </div> </div> <div class="errors"> <div class="invalid-email">Please enter a valid email address</div> <div class="signup-failed">Signup failed. Please try again later.</div> </div> </div> <div class="newsletter-signup-thank-you"> <header>Thank you!</header> <main>You have successfully subscribed to Artnet News.</main> </div> </form> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div><div class="embedded-ad visible-sm visible-xs"><div id="embed-full-1-2479788-0-hidden-xyz" data-slot="embed-full-1" class="artnet-ad"></div></div> <p>Last week, four abstract paintings from Ruby’s “Turbine” series drew collectors to Gagosian gallery’s booth at Frieze New York. The muscular works feature cardboard elements and a fiery palette. They suggest speed and violence. And they are big: about 8 feet tall and 11 feet wide. Each had a price tag of $550,000, and all four sold by the fair’s end, according to the mega-gallery.</p><div class=" visible-s visible-xs"><div class="condensed-newsletter-signup"> <div class="trigger-wrapper"> <h3>The best of Artnet News in your inbox.</h3> <p><a class="condensed-newsletter-trigger" href="#">Sign up for our daily newsletter.</a></p> </div> <ul class="form-container list-unstyled hidden"> <li class="theme-newsletter-signup"> <div class="theme-newsletter-signup widget"> <form class="newsletter-signup-form" action="https://www.artnet.com/api/subscriptions" method="POST"> <div class="newsletter-form-content"> <h2 class="widgettitle"> The best of Artnet News in your inbox. </h2> <div class="widgethint"> Sign up for our daily newsletter. </div> <input type="hidden" name="Source" class="source" value="artnetnews"> <div class="form-group text"> <input type="text" name="Email" class="signup-email form-control" placeholder="Enter your email"> <div class="form-group buttons"> <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary btn-xs btn-block text-center" value="Subscribe"> </div> </div> <div class="errors"> <div class="invalid-email">Please enter a valid email address</div> <div class="signup-failed">Signup failed. Please try again later.</div> </div> </div> <div class="newsletter-signup-thank-you"> <header>Thank you!</header> <main>You have successfully subscribed to Artnet News.</main> </div> </form> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <p>Two miles east, at Christie’s, an older and even bigger canvas from Ruby’s most coveted series—his spray painted works—went on view in a preview of art being sold from the Rosa de la Cruz Collection. When <em>SP113</em> (2010) is offered later this month, it is estimated to sell for just $250,000 to $350,000.</p> <p>Let me point out something: If you spent $550,000 on a brand new painting by Ruby last week, you paid more than anyone else did for a Ruby at auction in the past two years, according to the Artnet Price Database. Since 2018, only one person paid more than that at auction: the buyer of a massive, pink-hued spray painting, <em>SP15 (</em>2007), spending about $615,000 at Sotheby’s Hong Kong in 2021.</p><div class="embedded-ad visible-sm visible-xs"><div id="embed-full-2-2479788-3-hidden-xyz" data-slot="embed-full-2" class="artnet-ad"></div></div> <div id="attachment_2480083" style="width: 1034px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img aria-describedby="caption-attachment-2480083" loading="lazy" class="size-large wp-image-2480083" src="https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/sterling-ruby-frieze-ny-2024-10-1024x683.jpg" alt="photograph of sterling ruby paintings" width="1024" height="683" srcset="https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/sterling-ruby-frieze-ny-2024-10-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/sterling-ruby-frieze-ny-2024-10-300x200.jpg 300w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/sterling-ruby-frieze-ny-2024-10-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/sterling-ruby-frieze-ny-2024-10-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/sterling-ruby-frieze-ny-2024-10-50x33.jpg 50w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/sterling-ruby-frieze-ny-2024-10-1920x1280.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px"><p id="caption-attachment-2480083" class="wp-caption-text">Sterling Ruby paintings at Gagosian’s Frieze New York booth. Photo by Elvin Tavarez.</p></div> <p>I’ve written a lot lately about the disconnect between primary and secondary prices, where artworks cost more when they are new than when they are resold. Investment-grade art seems a lot less liquid than it used to be. Yet collectors <a href="https://news.artnet.com/market/collectors-buying-new-art-primary-secondary-prices-2461002" target="_blank" rel="noopener">still pay wild primary prices</a>. </p> <p>Ruby’s secondary (or resale) market has been rocky over the past decade, even as his career has soared. By most metrics, the 52-year-old is a very, very successful artist. He is represented by the biggest gallery in the world. He works in a studio in Los Angeles that is 110,000 square feet—large enough to house an airplane, along with massive paintings and various other creative pursuits, including sculpture, ceramics, textiles, and fashion.</p> <p>But even as the prices for Ruby’s new artworks have risen, the size of his resale market has declined—by a whopping 80 percent over the past decade. Ruby’s annual auction sales peaked at $8 million in 2014, according to Artnet data. Last year, 39 works by Ruby generated just $1.7 million at auction. That is less than his $1.8 million auction record, which was set way back in 2013. </p><div class="embedded-ad visible-sm visible-xs"><div id="embed-full-3-2479788-7-hidden-xyz" data-slot="embed-full-3" class="artnet-ad"></div></div> <p>Now, if you have the money and wall space for one of those $550,000 paintings, and you are unconcerned about its resale value, God bless you. Enjoy!</p> <p>But if you are putting your new “Turbine” painting in a warehouse, hoping that it will hold its value (or become more valuable), you may want to adjust your expectations. </p> <p> </p> <p style="text-align: left;"><strong>‘A Classic Mid-Career Plateau’</strong></p> <p>There was a time when collectors could not get enough of Ruby’s spray paintings. These days, “if you get anyone to buy Sterling Ruby, it’s a success,” a collector told me. This is obviously an exaggeration (and not a kind one). But it does capture the growing awareness about a major shift that has taken place: the market <a href="https://news.artnet.com/market/cutting-art-prices-debate-2464639">has completely stopped</a> for scores of once-successful artists.</p> <p>Ruby’s champions say that auction numbers don’t tell the full story.</p><div class="embedded-ad visible-sm visible-xs"><div id="embed-full-4-2479788-13-hidden-xyz" data-slot="embed-full-4" class="artnet-ad"></div></div> <p>“This is the classic mid-career plateau,” said advisor Todd Levin, who considers Ruby to be one of the most important artists of his generation. “It’s normal for good artists.”</p> <p>Levin, who has placed Ruby’s paintings with clients, sees such moments as opportunities “to hoover up” art, and he’s done just that many times over the years, snapping up material by key figures like John Baldessari, Robert Rauschenberg, Yayoi Kusama, and Louise Bourgeois when their markets went soft.</p> <p>What makes Ruby’s situation especially tricky is what makes him such a significant and successful artist to begin with: his ambitious production, scale, and distribution network.</p><div class="embedded-ad visible-sm visible-xs"><div id="embed-full-5-2479788-16-hidden-xyz" data-slot="embed-full-5" class="artnet-ad"></div></div> <div id="attachment_2481748" style="width: 1034px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img aria-describedby="caption-attachment-2481748" loading="lazy" class="size-large wp-image-2481748" src="https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/MicrosoftTeams-image-21-scaled-e1715009765316-1024x760.jpg" alt="large-scale spray-painted painting" width="1024" height="760" srcset="https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/MicrosoftTeams-image-21-scaled-e1715009765316-1024x760.jpg 1024w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/MicrosoftTeams-image-21-scaled-e1715009765316-300x223.jpg 300w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/MicrosoftTeams-image-21-scaled-e1715009765316-1536x1139.jpg 1536w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/MicrosoftTeams-image-21-scaled-e1715009765316-2048x1519.jpg 2048w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/MicrosoftTeams-image-21-scaled-e1715009765316-50x37.jpg 50w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2024/05/MicrosoftTeams-image-21-scaled-e1715009765316-1920x1424.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px"><p id="caption-attachment-2481748" class="wp-caption-text">Sterling Ruby, <em>SP113</em> (2010), which is being sold by the de la Cruz Collection at Christie’s. Photo: Katya Kazakina</p></div> <p>Ruby’s paintings are very large. Let’s face it, most collectors are not like Rosa de la Cruz, who bought <em>SP113</em> from the Pace gallery in 2010 for $155,000 knowing that her specially built Miami  space could accommodate it (and plenty of other massive works). It’s more than 10 feet tall and 15 feet wide.</p> <p>“It’s so large that it’s going to be a limiting factor,” Levin said of the work. “There’s no way this painting will fit into most apartment buildings.” Christie’s pre-sale estimates, $250,000 to $350,000, reflect this limitation, he added.</p> <p>Ruby works in many different mediums, and at various price points, though the market places a premium on his large-scale spray-painted canvases. He’s also made richly glazed biomorphic ceramics, gargantuan poured-urethane sculptures that resemble stalagmites, nail polish drawings, collages, and <a href="https://foxyproduction.com/exhibitions/sterling-ruby-2009-10-16/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">even videos</a>. In 2010, he placed <a href="https://www.pacegallery.com/exhibitions/sterling-ruby-2/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a charred bus</a> with blacked-out and spray painted windows inside Pace in New York.</p><div class="embedded-ad visible-sm visible-xs"><div id="embed-full-6-2479788-20-hidden-xyz" data-slot="embed-full-6" class="artnet-ad"></div></div> <p>“I have a pretty manic personality,” Ruby said in <a href="https://www.facebook.com/ICA.Boston/videos/behind-the-scenes-with-sterling-ruby-institute-of-contemporary-artboston/663318487802658/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a 2020 video interview</a>, explaining how he became an artist.<br><br></p> <p style="text-align: left;"><strong>‘The Bloom Is Off the Rose’</strong></p> <p>Ruby has worked with numerous galleries over the years, starting with Foxy Production in New York in 2004, and then Metro Pictures, Marc Foxx, Taka Ishii, Sprüth Makers, Xavier Hufkens, Vito Schnabel, Pace, Hauser and Wirth, and Gagosian. While he was loyal to Foxy Production, which <a href="https://news.artnet.com/market/gallerists-spooked-gagosian-secrets-wet-paint-2366074" target="_blank" rel="noopener">closed last year</a>, he became notorious for jumping from one blue-chip firm to another. Every time, some frustrated collectors dumped his artworks at auction.</p><div class="embedded-ad visible-sm visible-xs"><div id="embed-full-7-2479788-23-hidden-xyz" data-slot="embed-full-7" class="artnet-ad"></div></div> <p>When Ruby was a hot, young artist, dealers told interested collectors that they had to give one painting to a museum if they wanted to buy one for their own collection, <a href="https://news.artnet.com/market/bogo-buy-one-give-one-2096342" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a practice known in the industry as BOGO</a> (“buy one, give one”). They also told collectors to buy a lot of smaller works to prove their loyalty and get “to the front of the line” for what everyone wanted: those spray paintings. <b> </b></p> <div id="attachment_2106368" style="width: 1034px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img aria-describedby="caption-attachment-2106368" loading="lazy" class="size-large wp-image-2106368" src="https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2022/04/SRU_Install_IN_WARM_SHROUD_SMB_2022_12_Photo_Ingo_Kniest-1024x684.jpg" alt='Installation view of the exhibition: Sterling Ruby "In Warm Shroud. Kissing the Bloom Crux. A Frost Window." Sprüth Magers, Berlin (April 29 - June 30, 2022). Photo: Ingo Kniest' width="1024" height="684" srcset="https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2022/04/SRU_Install_IN_WARM_SHROUD_SMB_2022_12_Photo_Ingo_Kniest-1024x684.jpg 1024w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2022/04/SRU_Install_IN_WARM_SHROUD_SMB_2022_12_Photo_Ingo_Kniest-300x200.jpg 300w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2022/04/SRU_Install_IN_WARM_SHROUD_SMB_2022_12_Photo_Ingo_Kniest-50x33.jpg 50w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2022/04/SRU_Install_IN_WARM_SHROUD_SMB_2022_12_Photo_Ingo_Kniest-1920x1282.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px"><p id="caption-attachment-2106368" class="wp-caption-text">Installation view of a Sterling Ruby exhibition at Sprüth Magers in Berlin in 2022. Photo: Ingo Kniest</p></div> <p>“They were earning all these frequent flier miles,” one private dealer said. When the artist left the gallery, it was like the airline went “out of business.” Suddenly, they couldn’t use those hard-earned frequent fliers miles they had acquired by buying ashtrays, collages, and resin sculptures.</p> <p>“I bought 18 Sterling Rubies,” the dealer said, explaining the dynamic. “I never wanted any of these things. I was just trying to get a spray painting.”</p><div class="embedded-ad visible-sm visible-xs"><div id="embed-full-8-2479788-27-hidden-xyz" data-slot="embed-full-8" class="artnet-ad"></div></div> <p>When Ruby departed, the old gallery no longer wanted to handle resales of the works it had sold clients because it no longer wanted to be involved with the artist. The new gallery wouldn’t touch them because it didn’t sell them and it would prioritize selling new works by the artist, a much more lucrative business (dealers typically receive 50 percent of the sale price).</p> <p>With their frequent flier miles now worthless, collectors consigned lesser works to auction. When they didn’t perform well, the results placed pressure on Ruby’s market, pushing prices down, and, eventually, the spray paintings weren’t doing as well as they used to.</p> <p>“The bloom is off the rose,” the dealer said. “The artist doesn’t look as solid anymore.”</p><div class="embedded-ad visible-sm visible-xs"><div id="embed-full-9-2479788-30-hidden-xyz" data-slot="embed-full-9" class="artnet-ad"></div></div> <div id="attachment_1188077" style="width: 1034px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img aria-describedby="caption-attachment-1188077" loading="lazy" class="size-large wp-image-1188077" src="https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2017/12/GettyImages-114732707-1024x683.jpg" alt="" width="1024" height="683" srcset="https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2017/12/GettyImages-114732707-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2017/12/GettyImages-114732707-300x200.jpg 300w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2017/12/GettyImages-114732707-50x33.jpg 50w, https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2017/12/GettyImages-114732707-1920x1280.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px"><p id="caption-attachment-1188077" class="wp-caption-text">Sculptures by Sterling Ruby included in the Saatchi Gallery’s exhibition “The Shape of Things to Come: New Sculpture” in 2011. Photo by Oli Scarff/Getty Images.</p></div> <p>Last year, 28 percent of the 39 Rubys offered at auction failed to sell, with several paintings among the casualties. Just four lots fetched more than $100,000, according to Artnet data.</p> <p>That, apparently, did not deter Ruby’s buyers at Frieze.</p> <p>“The response to our solo presentation of new works by Sterling Ruby was tremendous,” said Serena Cattaneo Adorno, a senior director at Gagosian. “We placed all four paintings from the ‘Turbine’ series with important collectors, including two that are new to the gallery.”</p><div class="embedded-ad visible-sm visible-xs"><div id="embed-full-9-2479788-34-hidden-xyz" data-slot="embed-full-9" class="artnet-ad"></div></div> <p>The gallery declined to comment if it offered clients any discounts, which has become a popular way to motivate buyers without lowering “official” prices in the current market contraction.</p> <p>Like many collectors and advisors, Christie’s is hoping that the downward spiral in Ruby’s secondary market can be reversed. In October, a 2009 spray painting, <em>SP85</em>, from the collection of Anne and Wolfgang Titze, fetched €453,600 ($480,000), solidly within its estimated range of €300,000 to €500,000.</p> <p>“We really felt something shift in Sterling’s market, and it feels like more collectors are looking and relooking at his paintings,” said Sara Friedlander, Christie’s head of postwar and contemporary art. “Rosa had A+ examples of many artists and her spray painting is no exception. I’d buy it if I could!”</p><div class="embedded-ad visible-sm visible-xs"><div id="embed-full-9-2479788-37-hidden-xyz" data-slot="embed-full-9" class="artnet-ad"></div></div> </div> <div class="embedded-paywall"> <div class="embedded-paywall_content initial-min-height paywall-article-b" id="content_2479788"></div> </div> <div class="pl-sett-padding"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pl-sett-padding"> <div class="authors-list authors-list-setting authors-single row"> <div class="auther-box"> <div class="col-md-12 col-sm-12"> <div class="author-info"> <a href='https://news.artnet.com/about/katya-kazakina-1589' class="author-image"> <img class="img-circle" src="https://news.artnet.com/app/news-upload/2021/04/image-2-e1618922654336.jpg" /> </a> <div class="author-meta"> <a href='https://news.artnet.com/about/katya-kazakina-1589' class="author-text"> <h4 class="author-name h4">Katya Kazakina</h4> <h5 class="author-title h5">Senior Reporter</h5> </a> <ul class="author-links list-icons list-inline"> <li><a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/artdetective"><span class="fa fa-twitter"></span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="taxonomy-block remove-setting row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="all-topics-container"> <div class="all-topics-inner"> <div class="taxonomy-label"> Article topics </div> <div class="taxonomy-list"> <a class="taxonomy-tag" href="https://news.artnet.com/topic/news-pro-topic">Artnet Pro</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condensed-newsletter-signup expanded-on-desktop"> <div class="trigger-wrapper visible-xs visible-sm"> <h3>The best of Artnet News in your inbox.</h3> <p><a class="condensed-newsletter-trigger" href="#">Sign up for our daily newsletter.</a></p> </div> <ul class="form-container list-unstyled hidden-xs hidden-sm"> <li class="theme-newsletter-signup"> <div class="theme-newsletter-signup widget"> <form class="newsletter-signup-form" action="" method="POST"> <div class="newsletter-form-content"> <h2 class="widgettitle"> The best of Artnet News in your inbox. </h2> <div class="widgethint"> Sign up for our daily newsletter. </div> <input type="hidden" name="Source" class="source" value="" /> <div class="form-group text"> <input type="text" name="Email" class="signup-email form-control" placeholder="Enter your email" /> <div class="form-group buttons"> <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary btn-xs btn-block text-center" value="Subscribe" /> </div> </div> <div class="errors"> <div class="invalid-email">Please enter a valid email address</div> <div class="signup-failed">Signup failed. 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