CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html>     <html class="no-js" lang="en-US" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">  <head><script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=7YQSqjSh" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.newhistorian.com/what-is-taira-rock-art-ancient-desert-culture-chile/8865/","20180802155612","https://web.archive.org/","web","https://web-static.archive.org/_static/", "1533225372"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=p7PEIJWi" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="pingback" href="https://www.newhistorian.com/xmlrpc.php"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/favicon.png"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/NewHistorian-touch.png"/> <link rel="pingback" href="https://www.newhistorian.com/xmlrpc.php"/>  <link href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612cs_/http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:700&subset=" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">  <title>What is Taira rock art, and what does it tell us about ancient desert culture in Chile?</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/what-is-taira-rock-art-ancient-desert-culture-chile/8865/"/> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:title" content="What is Taira rock art, and what does it tell us about ancient desert culture in Chile?"/> <meta property="og:description" content="Chile’s Atacama Desert is the driest in the world. Most of the desert is made up of stony terrain, salt lakes, sand and felsic lava that flows towards the Andes to the east. It’s a thoroughly inhospitable environment – and yet open air rock paintings in the Taira Valley prove that millennia-old cultures were able …"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/what-is-taira-rock-art-ancient-desert-culture-chile/8865/"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="New Historian"/> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/NewHistorianNews"/> <meta property="article:tag" content="animals"/> <meta property="article:tag" content="archaeology"/> <meta property="article:tag" content="Art"/> <meta property="article:tag" content="chile"/> <meta property="article:section" content="Editorial"/> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2018-08-02T14:15:03+01:00"/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Taira-Valley-rock-art-3.jpg"/> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Taira-Valley-rock-art-3.jpg"/> <meta property="og:image:width" content="768"/> <meta property="og:image:height" content="511"/> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180802155612\/https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Organization","url":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180802155612\/https:\/\/www.newhistorian.com\/","sameAs":["https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180802155612\/https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/NewHistorianNews","https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180802155612\/https:\/\/twitter.com\/New_Historian"],"@id":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180802155612\/https:\/\/www.newhistorian.com\/#organization","name":"New Historian","logo":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180802155612\/https:\/\/www.newhistorian.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/New-Historian-logo1.png"}</script>  <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/"/> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://maps.google.com/"/> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://scripts.mediavine.com/"/> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://fonts.googleapis.com/"/> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://s.w.org/"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="New Historian » Feed" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/feed/"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="New Historian » Comments Feed" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/comments/feed/"/> <script type="text/javascript"> window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180802155612\/https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/2.4\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180802155612\/https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/2.4\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180802155612\/https:\/\/www.newhistorian.com\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=4.9.7"}}; !function(a,b,c){function d(a,b){var c=String.fromCharCode;l.clearRect(0,0,k.width,k.height),l.fillText(c.apply(this,a),0,0);var d=k.toDataURL();l.clearRect(0,0,k.width,k.height),l.fillText(c.apply(this,b),0,0);var e=k.toDataURL();return d===e}function e(a){var b;if(!l||!l.fillText)return!1;switch(l.textBaseline="top",l.font="600 32px Arial",a){case"flag":return!(b=d([55356,56826,55356,56819],[55356,56826,8203,55356,56819]))&&(b=d([55356,57332,56128,56423,56128,56418,56128,56421,56128,56430,56128,56423,56128,56447],[55356,57332,8203,56128,56423,8203,56128,56418,8203,56128,56421,8203,56128,56430,8203,56128,56423,8203,56128,56447]),!b);case"emoji":return b=d([55357,56692,8205,9792,65039],[55357,56692,8203,9792,65039]),!b}return!1}function f(a){var c=b.createElement("script");c.src=a,c.defer=c.type="text/javascript",b.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(c)}var g,h,i,j,k=b.createElement("canvas"),l=k.getContext&&k.getContext("2d");for(j=Array("flag","emoji"),c.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},i=0;i<j.length;i++)c.supports[j[i]]=e(j[i]),c.supports.everything=c.supports.everything&&c.supports[j[i]],"flag"!==j[i]&&(c.supports.everythingExceptFlag=c.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&c.supports[j[i]]);c.supports.everythingExceptFlag=c.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!c.supports.flag,c.DOMReady=!1,c.readyCallback=function(){c.DOMReady=!0},c.supports.everything||(h=function(){c.readyCallback()},b.addEventListener?(b.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",h,!1),a.addEventListener("load",h,!1)):(a.attachEvent("onload",h),b.attachEvent("onreadystatechange",function(){"complete"===b.readyState&&c.readyCallback()})),g=c.source||{},g.concatemoji?f(g.concatemoji):g.wpemoji&&g.twemoji&&(f(g.twemoji),f(g.wpemoji)))}(window,document,window._wpemojiSettings); </script> <style type="text/css"> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 .07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel="stylesheet" id="layerslider-css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612cs_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/static/css/layerslider.css?ver=5.1.1" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" id="ls-google-fonts-css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612cs_/https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:100,300,regular,700,900|Open+Sans:300|Indie+Flower:regular|Oswald:300,regular,700&subset=latin,latin-ext" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" id="contact-form-7-css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612cs_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/css/styles.css?ver=5.0.3" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" id="isp_owl_carousel_css-css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612cs_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/indeed-smart-popup/assets/css/owl-carousel/owl.carousel.css" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" id="isp_owl_theme_css-css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612cs_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/indeed-smart-popup/assets/css/owl-carousel/owl.theme.css" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" id="isp_owl_transitions_css-css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612cs_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/indeed-smart-popup/assets/css/owl-carousel/owl.transitions.css" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" id="style-css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612cs_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/themes/goodnews5/style.css?ver=4.9.7" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" id="plugins-css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612cs_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/themes/goodnews5/css/plugins.css?ver=4.9.7" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" id="main-css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612cs_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/themes/goodnews5/css/main.css?ver=4.9.7" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" id="responsive-css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612cs_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/themes/goodnews5/css/media.css?ver=4.9.7" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" id="dashicons-css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612cs_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-includes/css/dashicons.min.css?ver=4.9.7" type="text/css" media="all"/> <link rel="stylesheet" id="redux-google-fonts-css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612cs_/https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans&ver=1520915637" type="text/css" media="all"/> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.js?ver=1.12.4"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=1.4.1"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/static/js/layerslider.kreaturamedia.jquery.js?ver=5.1.1"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/static/js/greensock.js?ver=1.11.2"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/static/js/layerslider.transitions.js?ver=5.1.1"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var ctPublic = {"gdpr_forms":[],"gdpr_text":"By using this form you agree with the storage and processing of your data by using the Privacy Policy on this website."}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/cleantalk-spam-protect/js/apbct-public--gdpr.js?ver=5.100"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/indeed-smart-popup/assets/js/jquery-ui-1.10.4.custom.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/indeed-smart-popup/assets/js/owl-carousel/owl.carousel.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/indeed-smart-popup/assets/js/owl-carousel/owl.carousel.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/indeed-smart-popup/assets/js/front-end_functions.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/http://maps.google.com/maps/api/js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" async="async" data-noptimize="1" data-cfasync="false" src="//web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://scripts.mediavine.com/tags/new-historian.js?ver=4.9.7"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-json/"/> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.newhistorian.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd"/> <link rel="wlwmanifest" type="application/wlwmanifest+xml" href="https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-includes/wlwmanifest.xml"/> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 4.9.7"/> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/?p=8865"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newhistorian.com%2Fwhat-is-taira-rock-art-ancient-desert-culture-chile%2F8865%2F"/> <link rel="alternate" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newhistorian.com%2Fwhat-is-taira-rock-art-ancient-desert-culture-chile%2F8865%2F&format=xml"/> <meta name="generator" content="Powered by Visual Composer - drag and drop page builder for WordPress."/>  <meta name="onesignal" content="wordpress-plugin"/> <link rel="manifest" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/onesignal-free-web-push-notifications/sdk_files/manifest.json.php?gcm_sender_id="/> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://cdn.onesignal.com/sdks/OneSignalSDK.js" async></script> <script> window.OneSignal = window.OneSignal || []; OneSignal.push( function() { OneSignal.SERVICE_WORKER_UPDATER_PATH = "OneSignalSDKUpdaterWorker.js.php"; OneSignal.SERVICE_WORKER_PATH = "OneSignalSDKWorker.js.php"; OneSignal.SERVICE_WORKER_PARAM = { scope: '/' }; OneSignal.setDefaultNotificationUrl("https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com"); var oneSignal_options = {}; window._oneSignalInitOptions = oneSignal_options; oneSignal_options['wordpress'] = true; oneSignal_options['appId'] = '6303155b-b719-47b7-a22f-fb2fb6245f0e'; oneSignal_options['autoRegister'] = true; oneSignal_options['welcomeNotification'] = { }; oneSignal_options['welcomeNotification']['disable'] = true; oneSignal_options['path'] = "https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/onesignal-free-web-push-notifications/sdk_files/"; oneSignal_options['promptOptions'] = { }; oneSignal_options['promptOptions']['actionMessage'] = 'would like to notify you about new articles.'; oneSignal_options['promptOptions']['siteName'] = 'New Historian'; OneSignal.init(window._oneSignalInitOptions); }); function documentInitOneSignal() { var oneSignal_elements = document.getElementsByClassName("OneSignal-prompt"); var oneSignalLinkClickHandler = function(event) { OneSignal.push(['registerForPushNotifications']); event.preventDefault(); }; for(var i = 0; i < oneSignal_elements.length; i++) oneSignal_elements[i].addEventListener('click', oneSignalLinkClickHandler, false); } if (document.readyState === 'complete') { documentInitOneSignal(); } else { window.addEventListener("load", function(event){ documentInitOneSignal(); }); } </script> <link rel="amphtml" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/what-is-taira-rock-art-ancient-desert-culture-chile/8865/amp/"> <script name="SmartPopUp"> setCookie('session_time[1]', 1533225373, 365); </script> <script name="SmartPopUp"> setCookie('visit_views[1]', '', -1); setCookie('visit_views[1]', 0, 365); </script> <script name="SmartPopUp"> setCookie('visit_pages[1]', '', -1); setCookie('visit_pages[1]', 1, 365); </script> <script name="SmartPopUp"> setCookie('country[1]', '', -1); setCookie('country[1]', '', 365); </script> <script name="SmartPopup Schedule Time JS"> function pad(n) { return ("0" + n).slice(-2); } if (typeof schedule_array == 'undefined') { var schedule_array = []; } var allow = 1; schedule_array[1] = allow; </script> <style type="text/css" title="dynamic-css" class="options-output">.mom_main_font,.topbar,#navigation .main-menu,.breaking-news,.breaking-news .bn-title,.feature-slider li .slide-caption h2,.news-box .nb-header .nb-title,a.show-more,.widget .widget-title,.widget .mom-socials-counter ul li,.main_tabs .tabs a,.mom-login-widget,.mom-login-widget input,.mom-newsletter h4,.mom-newsletter input,.mpsw-slider .slide-caption,.tagcloud a,button,input,select,textarea,.weather-widget,.weather-widget h3,.search-wrap .search-results-title,.show_all_results,.mom-social-share .ss-icon span.count,.mom-timeline,.mom-reveiw-system .review-header h2,.mom-reveiw-system .review-summary h3,.mom-reveiw-system .user-rate h3,.mom-reveiw-system .review-summary .review-score,.mom-reveiw-system .mom-bar,.mom-reveiw-system .review-footer,.mom-reveiw-system .stars-cr .cr,.mom-reveiw-system .review-circles .review-circle,.p-single .post-tags,.np-posts ul li .details .link,h2.single-title,.page-title,label,.portfolio-filter li,.pagination .main-title h1,.main-title h2,.main-title h3,.main-title h4,.main-title h5,.main-title h6,.mom-ad-empty,.user-star-rate .yr,.comment-wrap .commentnumber,.copyrights-area,.news-box .nb-footer a,#bbpress-forums li.bbp-header,.bbp-forum-title,div.bbp-template-notice,div.indicator-hint,#bbpress-forums fieldset.bbp-form legend,.bbp-s-title,#bbpress-forums .bbp-admin-links a,#bbpress-forums #bbp-user-wrapper h2.entry-title,.mom_breadcrumb,.single-author-box .articles-count,.not-found-wrap,.not-found-wrap h1,.gallery-post-slider.feature-slider li .slide-caption.fs-caption-alt p,.chat-author,.accordion .acc_title,.acch_numbers,.logo span,.device-menu-holder,#navigation .device-menu,.widget li .cat_num, .wp-caption-text, .mom_quote, div.progress_bar span, .widget_display_stats dl{font-family:Open Sans;}.button, .scrolling-box .sb-item h3, .widget ul li, .older-articles ul li, .copyrights-text, #comments .single-comment .comment-content .comment-reply-link, #comments .single-comment .comment-content .comment-edit-link, #navigation .main-menu > li .cats-mega-wrap .subcat li .subcat-title, .widget ul.twiter-list, #bbpress-forums ul.bbp-replies .bbp-reply-content .bbp-author-name, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;}body{font-family:Open Sans;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;color:#494949;}h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6{color:#991b1e;}{color:#991b1e;}.button, #commentform #submit-comment, input[type="submit"], #bbpress-forums #bbp-single-user-details + ul li a, #footer .button, .bbp-search-form #bbp_search_submit{background-color:#991b1e;}.button, #commentform #submit-comment, input[type="submit"], #bbpress-forums #bbp-single-user-details + ul li a, #footer .button, .bbp-search-form #bbp_search_submit{color:#ffffff;}.button:hover, #commentform #submit-comment:hover, input[type="submit"]:hover, #bbpress-forums #bbp-single-user-details + ul li a:hover, #footer .button:hover, .bbp-search-form #bbp_search_submit:hover{color:#997879;}.header{background-color:#991b1e;}#navigation .main-menu > li > a, #navigation .nav-search, .search-wrap ul.s-results .s-details h4, .search-wrap .search-results-title, .show_all_results a, .ajax_search_results .sw-not_found{font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;}#navigation .main-menu > li:hover > a, #navigation .main-menu > li.current-menu-item > a, .navigation_highlight_ancestor #navigation .main-menu > li.current-menu-ancestor > a, .navigation_highlight_ancestor #navigation .main-menu > li.current-menu-parent > a, ul.main-menu > li:not(.mom_mega) ul.sub-menu li a, ul.main-menu li.mom_mega .mega_col_title > a, ul.main-menu li.mom_mega .mom_mega_wrap ul li a, .device-menu-holder, .device-menu-holder .mh-icon, .the_menu_holder_area i, .device-menu-holder .mh-caret, #navigation .device-menu li.menu-item a i, #navigation .device-menu li.menu-item > a, #navigation .device-menu li .responsive-caret{color:#991b1e;}#navigation .nav-search{color:#991b1e;}{color:#991b1e;}.breaking-news .bn-title{background-color:#991b1e;}.breaking-news .bn-title:after{border-left-color:#991b1e;}body.rtl .breaking-news .bn-title:after{border-right-color:#991b1e;}{color:#a3a3a3;}.current_time{background-color:#a3a3a3;}</style><style type="text/css"> .header > .inner, .header .logo { line-height: 100px; height: 100px; } ::selection { background:#e5e5e5; } ::-moz-selection { background:#e5e5e5; } .display-posts-listing .listing-item { clear: both; } .display-posts-listing img { float: left; margin: 0 10px 10px 0; } a:hover {color:#CCCCCC !important;} .feature-slider .fs-nav .selected {color: #991b1e !important;} .feature-slider .fs-nav .selected {background: #991b1e !important;} .feature-slider li .slide-caption { position: absolute; left: 0; bottom: 0; width: 100%; padding: 20px; padding-top:45px; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 167px; } .feature-slider li .slide-caption h2 {line-height:1;font-size:25px;} .feature-slider li .slide-caption p {line-height:1.4;font-size:14px;} .base-box .read-more-link { color: #991b1e; } a {color: #991b1e !important!} .copyrights-text {font-size:10px; width:!00%; text-align:center;} .bp-vertical-share .mom-social-share {display:none;} .bp-vertical-share .bp-entry {width:600px !important;} .linkedin {display:none;} .feature-slider li .slide-caption p {display:none;} .feature-slider .fs-nav {display:none !important;} .feature-slider li .slide-caption h2 { width:525px; font-size:20px !important; line-height:1.3;} .feature-slider li .slide-caption.fs-caption-alt h2 {margin-right: 0px !important;margin-bottom: 10px !important;} #url {display:none;} #respond p.comment-notes { display: none; } </style> <noscript><style type="text/css"> .wpb_animate_when_almost_visible { opacity: 1; }</style></noscript> </head> <body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-8865 single-format-standard right-sidebar singular fade-imgs-in-appear sticky_navigation_on navigation_highlight_ancestor wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-4.12 vc_responsive">  <div class="boxed-wrap clearfix"> <div id="header-wrapper"> <header class="header"> <div class="inner"> <div class="logo"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/New-Historian-logo1.png" alt="New Historian"/> <img class="mom_retina_logo" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/New-Historian-logo1.png" alt="New Historian"/> </a> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </header> </div>  <nav id="navigation" itemtype="http://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement" itemscope="itemscope" role="navigation" class="dd-effect-slide "> <div class="navigation-inner"> <div class="inner"> <ul id="menu-main-menu" class="main-menu main-default-menu mom_visibility_desktop"><li id="menu-item-7" class="home menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home mom_default_menu_item menu-item-depth-0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/">Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-23" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent mom_default_menu_item menu-item-depth-0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/breaking-news/">Breaking News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-26" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category mom_default_menu_item menu-item-depth-0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/news/">News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-89" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent mom_default_menu_item menu-item-depth-0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/editorial/">Editorial</a></li> <li id="menu-item-22" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category mom_default_menu_item menu-item-depth-0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/book-reviews/">Book Reviews</a></li> <li id="menu-item-734" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page mom_default_menu_item menu-item-depth-0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/contributors/">Contributors</a></li> <li id="menu-item-144" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page mom_default_menu_item menu-item-depth-0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/about-us/">About Us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page mom_default_menu_item menu-item-depth-0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/contact-us/">Contact</a></li> </ul> <div class="mom_visibility_device device-menu-wrap "> <div class="device-menu-holder"> <i class="fa-icon-align-justify mh-icon"></i> <span class="the_menu_holder_area"><i class="dmh-icon"></i>Menu</span><i class="mh-caret"></i> </div> <ul id="menu-main-menu-1" class="device-menu"><li id="menu-item-7" class="home menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home mom_default_menu_item menu-item-depth-0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/">Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-23" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent mom_default_menu_item menu-item-depth-0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/breaking-news/">Breaking News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-26" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category mom_default_menu_item menu-item-depth-0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/news/">News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-89" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent mom_default_menu_item menu-item-depth-0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/editorial/">Editorial</a></li> <li id="menu-item-22" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category mom_default_menu_item menu-item-depth-0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/book-reviews/">Book Reviews</a></li> <li id="menu-item-734" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page mom_default_menu_item menu-item-depth-0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/contributors/">Contributors</a></li> <li id="menu-item-144" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page mom_default_menu_item menu-item-depth-0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/about-us/">About Us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page mom_default_menu_item menu-item-depth-0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/contact-us/">Contact</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  </nav>  <div class="nav-shaddow"></div> <div class="inner"> <div class="breaking-news"> <div class="the_ticker"> <div class="bn-title"><span>Latest News</span></div> <div class="news-ticker"> <ul> <li><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/ticker-square1.png" alt=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/what-is-taira-rock-art-ancient-desert-culture-chile/8865/">What is Taira rock art, and what does it tell us about ancient desert culture in Chile?</a></li> <li><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/ticker-square1.png" alt=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/better-understand-your-bible-with-the-gospel-parallels/8862/">Better Understand Your Bible with the Gospel Parallels</a></li> <li><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/ticker-square1.png" alt=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/how-did-christianity-spread/8858/">How did Christianity spread?</a></li> <li><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/ticker-square1.png" alt=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/why-did-homo-sapiens-survive/8855/">Why Homo sapiens survived (and other hominins didn’t)</a></li> <li><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/ticker-square1.png" alt=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/800-year-old-massive-viking-skeletons-found-in-sicily/8852/">800-year-old ‘massive’ Viking skeletons found in Sicily</a></li> <li><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/ticker-square1.png" alt=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/ching-shih-pirate-lord/8848/">Meet Ching Shih: the prostitute-turned-pirate who banned rape in her 50,000-man fleet</a></li> <li><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/ticker-square1.png" alt=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/14400-year-old-flatbread-proves-baking-predates-agriculture/8844/">14,400-year-old flatbread proves baking predates agriculture by 4,000 years</a></li> <li><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/ticker-square1.png" alt=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/how-love-makes-us-real-the-velveteen-rabbit-reviewed/8839/">How Love Makes Us Real – The Velveteen Rabbit Reviewed</a></li> <li><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/ticker-square1.png" alt=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/barley-migration-routes/8834/">How barley spread across the world & helped culture formation</a></li> <li><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/ticker-square1.png" alt=""><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/ice-age-fishing-invention-pottery/8830/">How intense Ice Age fishing led to the invention of pottery as we know it</a></li> </ul> </div>  </div> <span class="current_time">GMT+1 04:56 PM</span> </div>  </div> <div class="inner"> <div class="main_container"> <div class="main-col"> <div class="category-title"> <div class="mom_breadcrumb breadcrumb breadcrumbs"><div class="breadcrumbs-plus"> <span itemscope itemtype="http://data-vocabulary.org/Breadcrumb"><a itemprop="url" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/" class="home"><span itemprop="title">Home</span></a></span> <span class="separator"><i class="sep fa-icon-double-angle-right"></i></span> <span itemscope itemtype="http://data-vocabulary.org/Breadcrumb"><a itemprop="url" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/breaking-news/" title="Breaking News"><span itemprop="title">Breaking News</span></a></span> <span class="separator"><i class="sep fa-icon-double-angle-right"></i></span> <span itemprop="name">What is Taira rock art, and what does it tell us about ancient desert culture in Chile?</span></div></div> </div> <div class="base-box blog-post p-single bp-horizontal-share post-8865 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-breaking-news category-editorial tag-animals tag-archaeology tag-art tag-chile" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article"> <div class="feature-img"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Taira-Valley-rock-art-3.jpg" alt="What is Taira rock art, and what does it tell us about ancient desert culture in Chile?"></div> <h1 class="post-tile entry-title" itemprop="name">What is Taira rock art, and what does it tell us about ancient desert culture in Chile?</h1> <div class="mom-post-meta single-post-meta"><span class="author vcard">Posted By: <span class="fn"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/author/amy-smith/">Amy Beringer Smith</a></span></span><span>Posted date: <time datetime="2018-08-02T14:15:03+00:00" itemprop="datePublished" class="updated">August 02, 2018</time></span><span>in: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/breaking-news/" title="View all posts in Breaking News">Breaking News</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/editorial/" title="View all posts in Editorial">Editorial</a></span><span></span></div><div class="entry-content"> <p>Chile’s Atacama Desert is the driest in the world. Most of the desert is made up of stony terrain, salt lakes, sand and felsic lava that flows towards the Andes to the east. It’s a thoroughly inhospitable environment – and yet open air rock paintings in the Taira Valley prove that millennia-old cultures were able to use their surroundings for creative expression.</p> <h2><strong>What does the Taira rock art depict? </strong></h2> <p>Roughly 90% of the artworks focus on llamas. Some are pregnant, others are suckling their young; and all represent life.</p> <p>The other 10% of the engravings depict the diversity of the desert, with foxes, snakes, ostriches, partridges and dogs featuring in scenes.</p> <p>Human figures are few and far between, and always drawn small. Archaeologists have posited that it is as if painting them small represents just how important desert animals were to their culture and economy.</p> <div id="attachment_8867" style="width: 510px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Taira-Valley-rock-art-3.jpg"><img class="wp-image-8867" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Taira-Valley-rock-art-3.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="333"/></a><p class="wp-caption-text"><br/>View of drawings at the Taira Cave in Chile, located at a height of 3,150 meters, on July 21, 2018. The paintings left by shepherds almost three millennia ago on the walls of the rocks that flank the course of the Loa River. Credit: AFP Martin Bernetti.</p></div> <h2><strong>The role of llamas in ancient desert culture </strong></h2> <p>Archaeologist and curator at <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/http://www.precolombino.cl/en/">Santiago’s Museum of Pre-Colombian Art</a>, Jose Bereguer, says that Taira art is ‘a celebration of life’. First rediscovered by Swedish archaeologist Stif Ryden in 1944, the gallery has been dated to c.400-800 BCE. 16 paintings remain, sitting 3,000 metres above sea level on the banks of the Loa River that traverses the desert.</p> <div id="attachment_8866" style="width: 680px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Taira-Valley-rock-art-1.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-8866" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Taira-Valley-rock-art-1.jpg" alt="" width="670" height="363"/></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Archaeologist Jose Bereguer, above, curator at Santiago’s Museum of Pre-Columbian Art, describes the site as “the most complex in South America” because of its astronomical importance as well as the significance to local shepherds. Credit: AFP Martin Bernetti</p></div> <p>Previous studies tell us that the rock art was created by shepherds, who were pleading with the ‘deities that governed the skies and the earth’ to allow their llama flocks to flourish.</p> <p>The Alero Taira drawings, which were created in a natural shelter 30 metres away from the Loa River, give us deeper insight into the role of llamas in ancient desert culture.</p> <p>More than just the lead source of wealth for people inhabiting the desert, the llama was a symbolic creature used in ritual ceremonies throughout the Andes for thousands of years. The ‘Wilancha’, for instance, sees llamas given as sacrifice to ‘Pacha Mama’ (Mother Earth). Volcanoes, like springs, were considered deities by the Atacama natives, while llamas were thought to have been born of springs.</p> <p>Berenguer says: “No one can understand the things done 18,000 years ago because the cultures that did them have disappeared. Here, it’s possible to delve into the meaning because we have ethnography and because there are still people living in practically the same way as in the past.”</p> <h2><strong>Lasting significance for indigenous peoples</strong></h2> <p>The Rumualda Galleguillos is one of roughly 15 indigenous peoples that still raises llamas in the Atacama Desert. Just like their forefathers, it’s a matter of tradition and a way of life. To the Rumualda Galleguillos, these pictures are a ‘testament’ to their ancestors who did not read or write.</p> <h2><strong>UNESCO plans </strong></h2> <p>Now, conservationists want UNESCO to officially recognise the Taira Valley rock art as a heritage site, which will allow them to develop sustainable tourism for the region – similar to Spain’s Cave of Altamira of France’s Lascaux caves.</p> <script async src="//web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block" data-ad-client="ca-pub-7835844939851612" data-ad-slot="6206699683" data-ad-format="auto"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <div class="post-tags"> <span class="pt-title">Tags: </span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/tag/animals/" rel="tag">animals</a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/tag/archaeology/" rel="tag">archaeology</a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/tag/art/" rel="tag">Art</a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/tag/chile/" rel="tag">chile</a> </div>  <script> jQuery(document).ready(function($) { var url = 'https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newhistorian.com%2Fwhat-is-taira-rock-art-ancient-desert-culture-chile%2F8865%2F'; // twitter jQuery.getJSON( 'ht'+'tp://urls.api.twitter.com/1/urls/count.json?url='+url+'&callback=?', function (data) { //console.log(data.count); $('.ss-icon.twitter .count').text(data.count); } ); // facebook jQuery.getJSON( 'ht'+'tp://api.facebook.com/method/links.getStats?urls='+url+'&format=json', function (data) { //console.log(data[0].like_count); $('.ss-icon.facebook .count').text(data[0].like_count); } ); // linkedin jQuery.getJSON( 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/http://www.linkedin.com/countserv/count/share?format=jsonp&url='+url+'&callback=?', function (data) { //console.log(data.count); $('.ss-icon.linkedin .count').text(data.count); } ); // Pintrest jQuery.getJSON( 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/http://api.pinterest.com/v1/urls/count.json?url='+url+'&callback=?', function (data) { //console.log(data.count); $('.ss-icon.pinterest .count').text(data.count); } ); }); </script> <div class="mom-social-share ss-horizontal border-box"> <div class="ss-icon facebook"> <a href="#" onclick="window.open('https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?s=100&p[url]=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newhistorian.com%2Fwhat-is-taira-rock-art-ancient-desert-culture-chile%2F8865%2F&p[images][0]=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newhistorian.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F08%2FTaira-Valley-rock-art-3.jpg&p[title]=&p[summary]=Chile’s Atacama Desert is the driest in the world. Most of the desert is made up of stony terrain, salt lakes, sand and felsic lava that flows towards the Andes', 'Share This', 'menubar=no,toolbar=no,resizable=no,scrollbars=no, width=700,height=455');"><span class="icon"><i class="fa-icon-facebook"></i>Like</span></a> <span class="count">0</span> </div>  <div class="ss-icon twitter"> <a href="#" onclick="window.open('https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/http://twitter.com/home?status=What is Taira rock art, and what does it tell us about ancient desert culture in Chile?+https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newhistorian.com%2Fwhat-is-taira-rock-art-ancient-desert-culture-chile%2F8865%2F', 'Post this On twitter', 'menubar=no,toolbar=no,resizable=no,scrollbars=no,width=700,height=455');"><span class="icon"><i class="fa-icon-twitter"></i>Tweet</span></a> <span class="count">0</span> </div>  <div class="ss-icon googleplus"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://plus.google.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newhistorian.com%2Fwhat-is-taira-rock-art-ancient-desert-culture-chile%2F8865%2F" onclick="window.open(this.href, '', 'menubar=no,toolbar=no,resizable=no,scrollbars=no,height=455,width=700');return false"><span class="icon"><i class="fa-icon-google-plus"></i>Share</span></a> <span class="count">0</span> </div>  <div class="ss-icon linkedin"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newhistorian.com%2Fwhat-is-taira-rock-art-ancient-desert-culture-chile%2F8865%2F&title=What is Taira rock art, and what does it tell us about ancient desert culture in Chile?&source=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newhistorian.com" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.href, '', 'menubar=no,toolbar=no,resizable=no,scrollbars=no,height=455,width=700');return false;"><span class="icon"><i class="fa-icon-linkedin"></i>Share</span></a> <span class="count">0</span> </div>  <div class="ss-icon pinterest"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/http://pinterest.com/pin/create/bookmarklet/?media=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newhistorian.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F08%2FTaira-Valley-rock-art-3.jpg&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newhistorian.com%2Fwhat-is-taira-rock-art-ancient-desert-culture-chile%2F8865%2F&is_video=false&description=What is Taira rock art, and what does it tell us about ancient desert culture in Chile?" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.href, '_blank', 'menubar=no,toolbar=no,resizable=no,scrollbars=no,height=455,width=700');return false;"><span class="icon"><i class="fa-icon-pinterest"></i>Share</span></a> <span class="count">0</span> </div>  <div class="clear"></div> </div>  </div>  </div>  <div class="np-posts"> <ul> <li class="np-post prev border-box"> <div class="post-img"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/better-understand-your-bible-with-the-gospel-parallels/8862/"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Radoslav-gospel-saint-john.jpg" data-hidpi="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Radoslav-gospel-saint-john.jpg" alt=""></a> </div> <div class="details has-feature-image"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/better-understand-your-bible-with-the-gospel-parallels/8862/" class="link prev"><i class="fa-icon-double-angle-left"></i>Previous</a> <h3><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/better-understand-your-bible-with-the-gospel-parallels/8862/">Better Understand Your Bible with the Gospel Parallels</a></h3> </div> </li> </ul> </div>  <div id="comments" class="comments-area"> </div><h2 class="single-title">About the author</h2> <div class="base-box single-box about-the-author"> <div class="author_avatar"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Amy-Smith_New-Historian-photo.png" width="80" height="76" alt="Amy Beringer Smith" class="avatar avatar-80 wp-user-avatar wp-user-avatar-80 alignnone photo"/></div> <div class="author_desc"> <h3 calss="vcard author"><span class="fn"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/author/amy-smith/">Amy Beringer Smith</a></span> </span></h3> <p> Amy is primarily interested in cultural and social history; particularly the ways trends are formed within a given community. She's especially intrigued by cultural trends that tie in with the social perceptions of gender, sex and sexuality. She has a Bachelor's degree in History of Art from the University of York, which focused on the ways 20th century artists challenged the past. Now, she is continuing her studies with a Masters in History at the University of Bristol. When she's not reading and writing, Amy uses travel as a way to better understand different cultures. </p> <div class="mom-socials-icons author-social-icons"> <ul> <li class="rss"><a target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/author/amy-smith/feed/"><i class="fa-icon-rss"></i></a></li> </u> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> <div class="mom-ads-wrap"> <div class="mom-ads " style=""> <div class="mom-ads-inner"> <div class="mom-ad" style="width:728px; height:90px; "> <div class="ad-code"><script async src="//web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block" data-ad-client="ca-pub-7835844939851612" data-ad-slot="6206699683" data-ad-format="auto"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script></div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> <h2 class="single-title">Related Articles</h2> <div class="base-box single-box"> <ul class="single-related-posts"> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/how-did-christianity-spread/8858/"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/How-did-Christianity-spread.png" data-hidpi="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/How-did-Christianity-spread.png" alt="How did Christianity spread?"></a> <h4><a itemprop="name" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/how-did-christianity-spread/8858/">How did Christianity spread?</a></h4> <div class="mom-post-meta"> <time datetime="2018-08-01T15:37:40+00:00">August 01, 2018</time> </div> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/why-did-homo-sapiens-survive/8855/"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/7283199754_93bf8a61f9_o.jpg" data-hidpi="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/7283199754_93bf8a61f9_o.jpg" alt="Why Homo sapiens survived (and other hominins didn’t)"></a> <h4><a itemprop="name" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/why-did-homo-sapiens-survive/8855/">Why Homo sapiens survived (and other hominins didn’t)</a></h4> <div class="mom-post-meta"> <time datetime="2018-07-31T15:41:25+00:00">July 31, 2018</time> </div> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/800-year-old-massive-viking-skeletons-found-in-sicily/8852/"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612im_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/The_landing_of_Vikings_on_America.jpg" data-hidpi="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/The_landing_of_Vikings_on_America.jpg" alt="800-year-old ‘massive’ Viking skeletons found in Sicily"></a> <h4><a itemprop="name" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/800-year-old-massive-viking-skeletons-found-in-sicily/8852/">800-year-old ‘massive’ Viking skeletons found in Sicily</a></h4> <div class="mom-post-meta"> <time datetime="2018-07-27T10:15:34+00:00">July 27, 2018</time> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div>  <div class="clear"></div> </div>  <div class="sidebar main-sidebar"> <div class="widget widget_text elp-widget"><div class="widget-head"><h3 class="widget-title"><span>News Updates By Email</span></h3></div><input type="hidden" id="_wpnonce" name="_wpnonce" value="315ab60efc"/><input type="hidden" name="_wp_http_referer" value="/what-is-taira-rock-art-ancient-desert-culture-chile/8865/"/><form method="post" action="/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/what-is-taira-rock-art-ancient-desert-culture-chile/8865/"><p><span class="elp_caption">Please enter your name and email below to receive daily latest news updates from New Historian.</span></p><p>Name *<br><span class="elp_textbox"><input class="elp_textbox_class" name="elp_txt_name" id="elp_txt_name" value="" maxlength="225" type="text"></span><span class="elp_msg" style="color:#CC0000;"></span></p><p>Email *<br><span class="elp_textbox"><input class="elp_textbox_class" name="elp_txt_email" id="elp_txt_email" value="" maxlength="225" type="text"></span><span class="elp_msg" style="color:#CC0000;"></span></p><p><input class="elp_textbox_button" name="elp_btn_widget" id="elp_btn_widget" value="Submit" type="submit"><input name="elp_txt_group" id="elp_txt_group" value="Public" type="hidden"></p><span class="elp_msg" style="color:#009900;"></span><input type="hidden" id="_wpnonce" name="_wpnonce" value="315ab60efc"/><input type="hidden" name="_wp_http_referer" value="/what-is-taira-rock-art-ancient-desert-culture-chile/8865/"/></form></div><div class="widget momizat-social-icons"><div class="widget-head"><h3 class="widget-title"><span>Follow Us</span></h3></div> <div class="mom-socials-icons mom-socials-widget"> <ul> <li class="facebook"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.facebook.com/NewHistorianNews"><i class="fa-icon-facebook "></i></a></li><li class="twitter"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://twitter.com/New_Historian"><i class="fa-icon-twitter "></i></a></li><li class="googleplus"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://plus.google.com/u/2/b/105376274245270352918/105376274245270352918/posts"><i class="fa-icon-google-plus "></i></a></li> </ul> </div> </div><div class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="widget-head"><h3 class="widget-title"><span>Site Sponsor</span></h3></div><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget">If you enjoy historical topics <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.forgottenbooks.com/en?3">click here</a> to visit Forgotten Books. Over a million books available in print and online.</div></div> </div>  <div class="clear"></div> </div>  <footer id="footer"> <div class="inner"> <div class="one_fourth"> </div> <div class="one_fourth"> <div class="widget widget_nav_menu"><div class="widget-head"><h3 class="widget-title"><span>Useful Links</span></h3></div><div class="menu-footer-menu-container"><ul id="menu-footer-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-179" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-179"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/">Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-599" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-599"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/contributors/">Contributors</a></li> <li id="menu-item-180" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-180"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/about-us/">About New Historian</a></li> <li id="menu-item-183" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-183"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/privacy-policy-cookies/">Privacy Policy & Cookies</a></li> <li id="menu-item-181" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-181"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/contact-us/">Contact Us</a></li> </ul></div></div> </div> <div class="one_fourth"> <div class="widget widget_nav_menu"><div class="widget-head"><h3 class="widget-title"><span>Categories </span></h3></div><div class="menu-footer-menu-2-container"><ul id="menu-footer-menu-2" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-598" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent menu-item-598"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/breaking-news/">Breaking News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-186" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-186"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/news/">News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-185" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent menu-item-185"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/editorial/">Editorial</a></li> <li id="menu-item-188" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-188"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/book-reviews/">Book Reviews</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2587" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2587"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.newhistorian.com/news-feeds-new-historian/">RSS News Feeds</a></li> </ul></div></div> </div> <div class="one_fourth last"> <div class="widget momizat-twitter"><div class="widget-head"><h3 class="widget-title"><span>Twitter</span></h3></div> <div class="twitter-widget"> <ul class="tweet_list"> <li><div>What is Taira rock art, and what does it tell us about ancient desert culture in Chile? <a target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://t.co/y5s53GU8R3" class="twitter-link">https://t.co/y5s53GU8R3</a> <a target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://t.co/c01b5cA4YW" class="twitter-link">https://t.co/c01b5cA4YW</a></div></li> <li><div>Better Understand Your Bible with the Gospel Parallels <a target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://t.co/Ys1j8W7PFl" class="twitter-link">https://t.co/Ys1j8W7PFl</a> <a target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://t.co/uhTkc6nAZj" class="twitter-link">https://t.co/uhTkc6nAZj</a></div></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div>  </footer>  <div class="copyrights-area"> <div class="inner"> <p class="copyrights-text">Copyright © 2015 FB &c; Ltd. New Historian is a division of FB &c; Ltd. Dalton House, 60 Windsor Avenue, London, SW19 2RR. Company number 08720141. Registered in England and Wales. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://plus.google.com/105376274245270352918" rel="publisher">Google+</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div>  <a href="#" class="scrollToTop"><i class="enotype-icon-arrow-up"></i></a> <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//web.archive.org/web/20180802155612/https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-53117332-1', 'auto'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> <script type="text/javascript">function ctSetCookie(c_name, value, def_value){document.cookie = c_name + '=' + escape(value) + '; path=/';}ctSetCookie('ct_checkjs', '1952190757', '0');</script><link rel="stylesheet" id="elp_widget.js-css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612cs_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/email-posts-to-subscribers/widget/widget.css?ver=4.9.7" type="text/css" media=""/> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/cleantalk-spam-protect/js/apbct-public.js?ver=5.100"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var ctNocache = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180802155612\/https:\/\/www.newhistorian.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","info_flag":"","set_cookies_flag":"1","blog_home":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180802155612\/https:\/\/www.newhistorian.com\/"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/cleantalk-spam-protect/inc/cleantalk_nocache.js?ver=5.100"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wpcf7 = {"apiSettings":{"root":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180802155612\/https:\/\/www.newhistorian.com\/wp-json\/contact-form-7\/v1","namespace":"contact-form-7\/v1"},"recaptcha":{"messages":{"empty":"Please verify that you are not a robot."}},"cached":"1"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/js/scripts.js?ver=5.0.3"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/themes/goodnews5/js/plugins.min.js?ver=1.0"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var momAjaxL = {"url":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180802155612\/https:\/\/www.newhistorian.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"a0c87289c8","success":"check your email to complete subscription","error":"Email invalid or already subscribed","werror":"Enter a valid city name.","nomore":"No More Posts","homeUrl":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180802155612\/https:\/\/www.newhistorian.com","viewAll":"View All","noResults":"Sorry, no posts matched your criteria","bodyad":""}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/themes/goodnews5/js/main.js?ver=1.0"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/themes/goodnews5/js/jquery.prettyPhoto.js?ver=1.0"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-includes/js/wp-embed.min.js?ver=4.9.7"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var ajaxobject = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180802155612\/https:\/\/www.newhistorian.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180802155612js_/https://www.newhistorian.com/wp-content/plugins/indeed-smart-popup/assets/js/ajax_form_submit.js"></script> </body> </html>