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method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="pollution control adoption and costs"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 15247</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: pollution control adoption and costs</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15247</span> Pollution-Sources, Controls, and Impact Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aditi%20Acharya">Aditi Acharya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Environmental pollution is threatening the environmental and human health in the most drastic way. This paper provides insight about the affects of environmental pollution in the perspective of water pollution. Sewage in drinking water, the increasing contamination of water bodies and water resources and the human beings are the major contributors, increasing the harsh activities of pollution. The research presents information about the sources of pollution, its impacts and control activities to be undertaken to make our environment free from water pollution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20pollution" title="environmental pollution">environmental pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20pollution" title=" water pollution"> water pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanotechnology" title=" nanotechnology"> nanotechnology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanomaterials" title=" nanomaterials"> nanomaterials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27061/pollution-sources-controls-and-impact-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27061.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15246</span> The Environmental Benefits of the Adoption of Emission Control for Locomotives in Brazil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rui%20de%20Abrantes">Rui de Abrantes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9%20Luiz%20Silva%20Forcetto"> André Luiz Silva Forcetto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Air pollution is a big problem in many cities around the world. Brazilian big cities also have this problem, where millions of people are exposed daily to pollutants levels above the recommended by WHO. Brazil has taken several actions to reduce air pollution, among others, controlling the atmospheric emissions from vehicles, non-road mobile machinery, and motorcycles, but on the other side, there are no emissions controls for locomotives, which are exposing the population to tons of pollutants annually. The rail network is not homogeneously distributed in the national territory; it is denser near the big cities, and this way, the population is more exposed to pollutants; apart from that, the government intends to increase the rail network as one of the strategies for greenhouse gas mitigation, complying with the international agreements against the climate changes. This paper initially presents the estimated emissions from locomotive fleets with no emission control and with emission control equivalent to US Tier 3 from 2028 and for the next 20 years. However, we realized that a program equivalent to phase Tier 3 would not be effective, so we proposed a program in two steps that will avoid the release of more than 2.4 million tons of CO and 531,000 tons of hydrocarbons, 3.7 million tons of nitrogen oxides, and 102,000 tons of particulate matter in 20 years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locomotives" title="locomotives">locomotives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emission%20control" title=" emission control"> emission control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20pollution" title=" air pollution"> air pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollutants%20emission" title=" pollutants emission"> pollutants emission</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182216/the-environmental-benefits-of-the-adoption-of-emission-control-for-locomotives-in-brazil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182216.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">49</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15245</span> Time, Uncertainty, and Technological Innovation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xavier%20Everaert">Xavier Everaert</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ever since the publication of “The Problem of Social” cost, Coasean insights on externalities, transaction costs, and the reciprocal nature of harms, have been widely debated. What has been largely neglected however, is the role of technological innovation in the mitigation of negative externalities or transaction costs. Incorporating future uncertainty about negligence standards or expected restitution costs and the profit opportunities these uncertainties reveal to entrepreneurs, allow us to frame problems regarding social costs within the reality of rapid technological evolution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20law%20and%20economics" title="environmental law and economics">environmental law and economics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship" title=" entrepreneurship"> entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commons" title=" commons"> commons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wildlife" title=" wildlife"> wildlife</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20308/time-uncertainty-and-technological-innovation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20308.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">421</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15244</span> Use of Cobalt Graphene in Place of Platnium in Catalytic Converter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Srinivasan">V. Srinivasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Sriram%20Nandan"> S. M. Sriram Nandan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today in the modern world the most important problem faced by the mankind is increasing the pollution in a very high rate. It affects the ecosystem of the environment and also aids to increase the greenhouse effect. The exhaust gases from the automobile is the major cause of a pollution. Automobiles have increased to a large number which has increased the pollution of our world to an alarming rate. There are two methods of controlling the pollution namely, pre-pollution control method and post-pollution control method. This paper is based on controlling the emission by post-pollution control method. The ratio of surface area of nanoparticles to the volume of the nanoparticles is inversely proportional to the radius of the nanoparticles. So decreasing the radius, this ratio is leading resulting in an increased rate of reaction and thus the concentration of the pollution is decreased. To achieve this objective, use of cobalt-graphene element is proposed. The proposed method is mainly to decrease the cost of platinum as it is expensive. This has a longer life than the platinum-based catalysts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automobile%20emissions" title="automobile emissions">automobile emissions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalytic%20converter" title=" catalytic converter"> catalytic converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cobalt-graphene" title=" cobalt-graphene"> cobalt-graphene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=replacement%20of%20platinum" title=" replacement of platinum "> replacement of platinum </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19725/use-of-cobalt-graphene-in-place-of-platnium-in-catalytic-converter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19725.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15243</span> Adoption of Inorganic Insecticides and Resistant Varieties among Cowpea Producers in Mubi Zone, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabo%20Elizabeth">Sabo Elizabeth</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cowpea production is presently mainly done with inorganic insecticides, but the growing environmental problems linked with their use and the rising costs of the chemicals are stimulating all categories of stakeholders towards the adoption of less impacting practices. 611 respondents were interviewed between 2008 and 2009. Respondents are young adults and are fairly educated. Awareness is high about insecticide use, but is low for bio-pesticides and resistant varieties. Adoption of inorganic insecticides is related to age, educational level, and contacts with dealers. Low adoption rate for resistant varieties is associated with inadequate information and poor extension service. To adopt IPM techniques with limited health hazards and compatible with the environment, a properly designed extension program is consequently needed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vigna%20unguiculata" title="Vigna unguiculata">Vigna unguiculata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IPM" title=" IPM"> IPM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-pesticides" title=" bio-pesticides"> bio-pesticides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistant%20varieties" title=" resistant varieties"> resistant varieties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extension" title=" extension"> extension</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29754/adoption-of-inorganic-insecticides-and-resistant-varieties-among-cowpea-producers-in-mubi-zone-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29754.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15242</span> Feasibility of Battery Electric Vehicles in Saudi Arabia: Cost and Sensitivity Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tawfiq%20Albishri">Tawfiq Albishri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulmajeed%20Alqahtani"> Abdulmajeed Alqahtani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are increasingly seen as a sustainable alternative to internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, primarily due to their environmental and economic benefits. Saudi Arabia's interest in investing in renewable energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions presents significant potential for the widespread adoption of BEVs in the country. However, several factors have hindered the adoption of BEVs in Saudi Arabia, with high ownership costs being the most prominent barrier. This cost discrepancy is primarily due to the lack of localized production of BEVs and their components, leading to increased import costs, as well as the high initial cost of BEVs compared to ICE vehicles. This paper aims to evaluate the feasibility of BEVs compared to ICE vehicles in Saudi Arabia by conducting a cost of ownership analysis. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis will be conducted to determine the most significant contributor to the ownership costs of BEVs that, if changed, could expedite their adoption in Saudi Arabia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=battery%20electric%20vehicles" title="battery electric vehicles">battery electric vehicles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20combustion%20engine" title=" internal combustion engine"> internal combustion engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=greenhouse%20gas%20emissions" title=" greenhouse gas emissions"> greenhouse gas emissions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20cost%20of%20ownership" title=" total cost of ownership"> total cost of ownership</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166136/feasibility-of-battery-electric-vehicles-in-saudi-arabia-cost-and-sensitivity-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166136.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15241</span> An Empirical Investigation of Mobile Banking Services Adoption in Pakistan </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aijaz%20A.%20Shaikh">Aijaz A. Shaikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Glavee-Geo"> Richard Glavee-Geo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heikki%20Karjaluoto"> Heikki Karjaluoto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Adoption of Information Systems (IS) is receiving increasing attention such that its implications have been closely monitored and studied by the IS management community, industry and professional gatekeepers. Building on previous research regarding the adoption of technology, this paper develops and validates an integrated model of the adoption of mobile banking. The model originates from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). This paper intends to offer a preliminary scrutiny of the antecedents of the adoption of mobile banking services in the context of a developing country. Data was collected from Pakistan. The findings showed that an integrated TAM and TPB model greatly explains the adoption intention of mobile banking; and perceived behavioural control and its antecedents play a significant role in predicting adoption Theoretical and managerial implications of findings are presented and discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20country" title="developing country">developing country</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20banking%20service%20adoption" title=" mobile banking service adoption"> mobile banking service adoption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20acceptance%20model" title=" technology acceptance model"> technology acceptance model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theory%20of%20planned%20behavior" title=" theory of planned behavior"> theory of planned behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32655/an-empirical-investigation-of-mobile-banking-services-adoption-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32655.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15240</span> Economical and Technical Analysis of Urban Transit System Selection Using TOPSIS Method According to Constructional and Operational Aspects </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Abdi%20Kordani">Ali Abdi Kordani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meysam%20Rooyintan"> Meysam Rooyintan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sid%20Mohammad%20Boroomandrad"> Sid Mohammad Boroomandrad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, one the most important problems in megacities is public transportation and satisfying citizens from this system in order to decrease the traffic congestions and air pollution. Accordingly, to improve the transit passengers and increase the travel safety, new transportation systems such as Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), tram, and monorail have expanded that each one has different merits and demerits. That is why comparing different systems for a systematic selection of public transportation systems in a big city like Tehran, which has numerous problems in terms of traffic and pollution, is essential. In this paper, it is tried to investigate the advantages and feasibility of using monorail, tram and BRT systems, which are widely used in most of megacities in all over the world. In Tehran, by using SPSS statistical analysis software and TOPSIS method, these three modes are compared to each other and their results will be assessed. Experts, who are experienced in the transportation field, answer the prepared matrix questionnaire to select each public transportation mode (tram, monorail, and BRT). The results according to experts’ judgments represent that monorail has the first priority, Tram has the second one, and BRT has the third one according to the considered indices like execution costs, wasting time, depreciation, pollution, operation costs, travel time, passenger satisfaction, benefit to cost ratio and traffic congestion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BRT" title="BRT">BRT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=costs" title=" costs"> costs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monorail" title=" monorail"> monorail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tram" title=" tram"> tram</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109783/economical-and-technical-analysis-of-urban-transit-system-selection-using-topsis-method-according-to-constructional-and-operational-aspects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109783.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15239</span> The Adoption of Process Management for Accounting Information Systems in Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manirath%20Wongsim">Manirath Wongsim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Information Quality (IQ) has become a critical, strategic issue in Accounting Information Systems (AIS) adoption. In order to implement AIS adoption successfully, it is important to consider the quality of information use throughout the adoption process, which seriously impacts the effectiveness of AIS adoption practice and the optimization of AIS adoption decisions. There is a growing need for research to provide insights into issues and solutions related to IQ in AIS adoption. The need for an integrated approach to improve IQ in AIS adoption, as well as the unique characteristics of accounting data, demands an AIS adoption specific IQ framework. This research aims to explore ways of managing information quality and AIS adoption to investigate the relationship between the IQ issues and AIS adoption process. This study has led to the development of a framework for understanding IQ management in AIS adoption. This research was done on 44 respondents as ten organisations from manufacturing firms in Thailand. The findings of the research’s empirical evidence suggest that IQ dimensions in AIS adoption to provide assistance in all process of decision making. This research provides empirical evidence that information quality of AIS adoption affect decision making and suggests that these variables should be considered in adopting AIS in order to improve the effectiveness of AIS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20quality" title="information quality">information quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20quality%20dimensions" title=" information quality dimensions"> information quality dimensions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accounting%20information%20systems" title=" accounting information systems"> accounting information systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accounting%20information%20system%20adoption" title=" accounting information system adoption"> accounting information system adoption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22718/the-adoption-of-process-management-for-accounting-information-systems-in-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22718.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">467</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15238</span> Controlling Cocoa Pod Borer, Conopomorpha cramerella (Snell.) and Cost Analysis Production at Cacao Plantation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alam%20Anshary">Alam Anshary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Flora%20Pasaru"> Flora Pasaru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahabuddin"> Shahabuddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Cocoa Pod Borer (CPB), Conopomorpha cramerella (Snell.) is present on most of the larger cocoa producing islands in Indonesia. Various control measures CPB has been carried out by the farmers, but the results have not been effective. This study aims to determine the effect of application of Beauveria bassiana treatments and pruning technique to the control of CPB in the cocoa plantation people. Research using completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replications, treatment consists of B.bassiana, Pruning, B. bassiana+pruning (Bb + Pr), as well as the control. The results showed that the percentage of PBK attack on cocoa pods in treatment (Bb + Pr) 3.50% the lowest compared to other treatments. CPB attack percentage in treatment B.bassiana 6.15%; pruning 8.75%, and 15.20% control. Results of the analysis of production estimates, the known treatments (Bb + Pr) have the highest production (1.95 tonnes / ha). The model results estimated production is Y= 0,20999 + 0,53968X1 + 0,34298X2+ 0,31410X3 + 0,35629X4 + 0,08345X5 + 0,29732X6. Farm production costs consist of fixed costs and variable costs, fixed costs are costs incurred by the farmer that the size does not affect the results, such as taxes and depreciation of production equipment. Variable costs are costs incurred by farmers who used up in one year cocoa farming activities. The cost of production in farming cocoa without integrated techniques control of CPB is Rp. 9.205.550 million/ha, while the cost of production with integrated techniques control is Rp. 6.666.050 million/ha. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cacao" title="cacao">cacao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cocoa%20pod%20borer" title=" cocoa pod borer"> cocoa pod borer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pruning" title=" pruning"> pruning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beauveria%20bassiana" title=" Beauveria bassiana"> Beauveria bassiana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20costs" title=" production costs"> production costs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36233/controlling-cocoa-pod-borer-conopomorpha-cramerella-snell-and-cost-analysis-production-at-cacao-plantation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36233.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15237</span> CFD Modeling and Optimization of Gas Cyclone Separator for Performance Improvement </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Beit%20Saeid">N. Beit Saeid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cyclones are used in the field of air industrial gases pollution and control the pollution with centrifugal forces that is generated with spatial geometry of the cyclone. Their simple design, low capital and maintenance costs and adaptability to a wide range of operating conditions have made cyclones one of the most widely used industrial dust collectors. Their cost of operation is proportional to the fan energy required to overcome their pressure drop. Optimized geometry of outlet diffuser of the cyclones potentially could reduce exit pressure losses without affecting collection efficiency. Three rectangular outlets and a radial outlet with a variable opening had been analyzed on two cyclones. Pressure drop was investigated for inlet velocities from about 10 to 20 m s−1. The radial outlet reduced cyclone pressure drop by between 8.7 and 11.9 percent when its exit area was equal to the flow area of the cyclone vortex finder or gas exit. A simple payback based on avoided energy costs was estimated to be between 3600 and 5000 h, not including installation cost. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclone" title="cyclone">cyclone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34559/cfd-modeling-and-optimization-of-gas-cyclone-separator-for-performance-improvement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34559.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15236</span> Indoor Air Pollution Control Using a Soil Biofilter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daisy%20B.%20Badilla">Daisy B. Badilla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20A.%20Gostomski"> Peter A. Gostomski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abstract: Biofiltration may be used to control indoor air pollution. In biofiltration, microorganisms break down harmful contaminants in air or water, transforming them into non-toxic substances like carbon dioxide, water, and biomass. In this study, the CO₂ production and the elimination capacity (EC) of toluene at inlet concentrations between 20 and 80 ppm were investigated using three biofilters operated separately with soil as bed material. Results showed soil, with its rich microflora taken to full advantage without inoculants and additional nutrients, biodegraded toluene at removal rates comparable to those in other studies at higher concentrations. The amount of CO₂ generated corresponds to the amount of toluene removed, indicating efficient biodegradation and suggesting stable long-term performance at these low concentrations. Although the concentrations in this study differ from typical indoor toluene levels (ppb), the findings suggest that biofiltration could be effective for indoor air pollution control with appropriate design, taking into account biomass growth or biofilm structure, concentration, and gas flow rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofiltration" title="biofiltration">biofiltration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20pollution%20control" title=" air pollution control"> air pollution control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil" title=" soil"> soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toluene" title=" toluene"> toluene</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181655/indoor-air-pollution-control-using-a-soil-biofilter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181655.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">12</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15235</span> ECO ROADS: A Solution to the Vehicular Pollution on Roads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harshit%20Garg">Harshit Garg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shakshi%20Gupta"> Shakshi Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the major problems in today’s world is the growing pollution. The cause for all environmental problems is the increasing pollution rate. Looking upon the statistics, one can find out that most of the pollution is caused by the vehicular pollution which is more than 70 % of the total pollution, effecting the environment as well as human health proportionally. One is aware of the fact that vehicles run on roads so why not having the roads which could adsorb that pollution, not only once but a number of times. Every problem has a solution which can be solved by the state of art of technology, that is one can use the innovative ideas and thoughts to make technology as a solution to the problem of vehicular pollution on roads. Solving the problem up to a certain limit/ percentage can be formulated into a new term called ECO ROADS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title="environment">environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roads" title=" roads"> roads</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainibility" title=" sustainibility"> sustainibility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35026/eco-roads-a-solution-to-the-vehicular-pollution-on-roads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35026.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">557</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15234</span> Child Trafficking for Adoption Purposes: A Study into the Criminogenic Factors of the German Intercountry Adoption System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elvira%20Loibl">Elvira Loibl</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Western countries, the demand for adoptable children, especially healthy babies, has been considerably high for several years. Rising infertility rates, liberal abortion politics, the widespread use of contraception, and the increasing acceptance of unmarried motherhood are factors that have decreased the number of infants available for domestic adoption in the U.S. and Europe. As a consequence, many involuntarily childless couples turn to intercountry adoption as a viable alternative to have a child of their own. However, the demand for children far outpaces the supply of orphans with the desired characteristics. The imbalance between the number of prospective adopters and the children available for intercountry adoption results in long waiting lists and high prices. The inordinate sums of money involved in the international adoption system have created a commercial ‘underbelly’ where unethical and illicit practices are employed to provide the adoption market with adoptable children. Children are being purchased or abducted from their families, hospitals or child care institutions and then trafficked to receiving countries as ‘orphans’. This paper aims to uncover and explain the factors of the German adoption system that are conducive to child trafficking for adoption purposes. It explains that the tension between money and integrity as experienced by German adoption agencies, blind trust in the authorities in the sending countries as well as a lenient control system encourage and facilitate the trafficking in children to Germany. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20trafficking" title="child trafficking">child trafficking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intercountry%20adoption" title=" intercountry adoption"> intercountry adoption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=market%20in%20adoptable%20babies" title=" market in adoptable babies"> market in adoptable babies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=German%20adoption%20system" title=" German adoption system"> German adoption system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66958/child-trafficking-for-adoption-purposes-a-study-into-the-criminogenic-factors-of-the-german-intercountry-adoption-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66958.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15233</span> Trees for Air Pollution Tolerance to Develop Green Belts as an Ecological Mitigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahma%20Al%20Maawali">Rahma Al Maawali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hameed%20Sulaiman"> Hameed Sulaiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Air pollution both from point and non-point sources is difficult to control once released in to the atmosphere. There is no engineering method known available to ameliorate the dispersed pollutants. The only suitable approach is the ecological method of constructing green belts in and around the pollution sources. Air pollution in Muscat, Oman is a serious concern due to ever increasing vehicles on roads. Identifying the air pollution tolerance levels of species is important for implementing pollution control strategies in the urban areas of Muscat. Hence, in the present study, Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) for ten avenue tree species was evaluated by analyzing four bio-chemical parameters, plus their Anticipated Performance Index (API) in field conditions. Based on the two indices, <em>Ficus benghalensis</em> was the most suitable one with the highest performance score. <em>Conocarpus erectuse, Phoenix dactylifera</em>, and <em>Pithcellobium dulce </em>were found to be good performers and are recommended for extensive planting. <em>Azadirachta indica</em> which is preferred for its dense canopy is qualified in the moderate category. The rest of the tree species expressed lower API score of less than 51, hence cannot be considered as suitable species for pollution mitigation plantation projects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20pollution%20tolerance%20index%20%28APTI%29" title="air pollution tolerance index (APTI)">air pollution tolerance index (APTI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=avenue%20tree%20species" title=" avenue tree species"> avenue tree species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-chemical%20parameters" title=" bio-chemical parameters"> bio-chemical parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscat" title=" muscat"> muscat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56371/trees-for-air-pollution-tolerance-to-develop-green-belts-as-an-ecological-mitigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56371.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15232</span> Barriers to Innovation Based on Environmentally Friendly Technology Adoption in Developing Countries: The Case of Production in Rural Areas in Cauca-Colombia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deycy%20Janeth%20Sanchez%20Preciado">Deycy Janeth Sanchez Preciado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bjorn%20Claes"> Bjorn Claes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paola%20Andrade"> Paola Andrade</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The development of appropriate environmentally friendly technologies has aided communities in rural areas in emerging economies to better use their natural resources, increase productivity while reducing pollution. Moreover, it has improved their innovation capabilities and ability to develop products for new markets. However, despite the advances, the adoption of these technologies is not generalized and does not always show the expected benefits for the communities and other actors involved in the co-creation process. In this paper, we study the barriers that inhibit the adoption of technologies to reach innovation levels and study comparative cases in rural areas of Cauca in Colombia. We develop and test a theory grounded framework, and we compile an overview of the most important of barriers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20adoption" title="technology adoption">technology adoption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmentally%20friendly%20technology" title=" environmentally friendly technology"> environmentally friendly technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20countries" title=" developing countries"> developing countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20production" title=" rural production"> rural production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation" title=" innovation"> innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=appropriate%20technology" title=" appropriate technology"> appropriate technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139771/barriers-to-innovation-based-on-environmentally-friendly-technology-adoption-in-developing-countries-the-case-of-production-in-rural-areas-in-cauca-colombia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139771.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15231</span> A Framework for Building Information Modelling Execution Plan in the Construction Industry, Lagos State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tosin%20Deborah%20Akanbi">Tosin Deborah Akanbi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Building Information Modeling Execution Plan (BEP) is a document that manifests the specifications for the adoption and execution of building information modeling in the construction sector in an organized manner so as to attain the listed goals. In this regard, the study examined the barriers to the adoption of building information modeling, evaluated the effect of building information modeling adoption characteristics on the key elements of a building information modeling execution plan and developed a strategic framework for a BEP in the Lagos State construction industry. Data were gathered through a questionnaire survey with 332 construction professionals in the study area. Three online structured interviews were conducted to support and validate the findings of the quantitative analysis. The results showed the significant relationships and connections between the variables in the framework: BIM usage and model quality control (aBIMskill -> dMQ, Beta = 0.121, T statistics = 1.829), BIM adoption characteristics and information exchange (bBIM_CH -> dIE, Beta = 0.128, T statistics = 1.727), BIM adoption characteristics and process design (bBIM_CH -> dPD, Beta = 0.170, T statistics = 2.754), BIM adoption characteristics and roles and responsibilities (bBIM_CH -> dRR, Beta = 0.131, T statistics = 2.181), interest BIM barriers and BIM adoption characteristics (cBBIM_INT -> bBIM_CH, Beta = 0.137, T statistics = 2.309), legal BIM barriers and BIM adoption characteristics (cBBIM_LEG -> bBIM_CH, Beta = 0.168, T statistics = 2.818), professional BIM barriers and BIM adoption characteristics (cBBIM_PRO -> bBIM_CH, Beta = 0.152, T statistics = 2.645). The results also revealed that seven final themes were generated, namely: model structure and process design, BIM information exchange and collaboration procedures, project goals and deliverables, project model quality control, roles and responsibilities, reflect Lagos state construction industry and validity of the BEP framework. Thus, there is a need for the policy makers to direct interventions to promote, encourage and support the understanding and adoption of BIM by emphasizing the various benefits of using the technology in the Lagos state construction industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20information%20modelling%20execution%20plan" title="building information modelling execution plan">building information modelling execution plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BIM%20adoption%20characteristics" title=" BIM adoption characteristics"> BIM adoption characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BEP%20framework" title=" BEP framework"> BEP framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20industry" title=" construction industry"> construction industry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191743/a-framework-for-building-information-modelling-execution-plan-in-the-construction-industry-lagos-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191743.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">17</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15230</span> Cleaner Technology for Stone Crushers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Ahuja">S. M. Ahuja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are about 12000 stone crusher units in India and are located in clusters around urban areas to the stone quarries. These crushers create lot of fugitive dust emissions and noise pollution which is a major health hazard for the people working in the crushers and also living in its vicinity. Ambient air monitoring was carried out near various stone crushers and it has been observed that fugitive emission varied from 300 to 8000 mg/Nm3. A number of stone crushers were thoroughly studied and their existing pollution control devices were examined. Limitations in the existing technology were also studied. A technology consisting of minimal effective spray nozzles to reduce the emissions at source followed by a containment cum control system having modular cyclones as air pollution control device has been conceived. Besides preliminary energy audit has also been carried out in some of the stone crushers which indicates substantial potential for energy saving. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stone%20crushers" title="stone crushers">stone crushers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spray%20nozzles" title=" spray nozzles"> spray nozzles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20audit" title=" energy audit"> energy audit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32058/cleaner-technology-for-stone-crushers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32058.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15229</span> Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis: Bridging the Gap Between Pollution Control and Renewable Energy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abonyi%20Matthew%20Ndubuisi">Abonyi Matthew Ndubuisi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Chiedozie%20Obi"> Christopher Chiedozie Obi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Tagbo%20Nwabanne"> Joseph Tagbo Nwabanne</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This review focuses on the application of advanced nanomaterials in catalysis for pollution control and renewable energy solutions. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the latest developments in nanocatalysts, highlighting their role in addressing environmental challenges and facilitating sustainable energy solutions. The unique properties of nanomaterials, including high surface area, tunable electronic properties, and enhanced reactivity, make them ideal candidates for catalytic applications. This review explores various types of nanomaterials, such as metal nanoparticles, carbon-based nanostructures, and metal-organic frameworks, and their effectiveness in processes like photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and hydrogen production. Additionally, the review discusses the environmental benefits of using nanocatalysts in pollution control, focusing on the degradation of pollutants in water and air. The potential of these materials to bridge the gap between environmental remediation and clean energy production is emphasized, showcasing their dual role in mitigating pollution and advancing renewable energy technologies. In conclusion, the review analyzes the current challenges and future directions in the field, highlighting the need for continued research to improve the design and application of nanocatalysts for a sustainable future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanomaterials" title="nanomaterials">nanomaterials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalysis" title=" catalysis"> catalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution%20control" title=" pollution control"> pollution control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20technology" title=" sustainable technology"> sustainable technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190022/advanced-nanomaterials-in-catalysis-bridging-the-gap-between-pollution-control-and-renewable-energy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190022.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15228</span> Assessing the Viability of Solar Water Pumps Economically, Socially and Environmentally in Soan Valley, Punjab</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zenab%20Naseem">Zenab Naseem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadia%20Imran"> Sadia Imran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the key solutions to the climate change crisis is to develop renewable energy resources, such as solar and wind power and biogas. This paper explores the socioeconomic and environmental viability of solar energy, based on a case study of the Soan Valley Development Program. Under this project, local farmers were provided solar water pumps at subsidized rates. These have been functional for the last seven years and have gained popularity among the local communities. The study measures the economic viability of using solar energy in agriculture, based on data from 36 households, of which 12 households each use diesel, electric and solar water pumps. Our findings are based on the net present value of each technology type. We also carry out a qualitative assessment of the social impact of solar water pumps relative to diesel and electric pumps. Finally, we conduct an environmental impact assessment, using the lifecycle assessment approach. All three analyses indicate that solar energy is a viable alternative to diesel and electricity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20energy%20sources" title="alternative energy sources">alternative energy sources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution%20control%20adoption%20and%20costs" title=" pollution control adoption and costs"> pollution control adoption and costs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20energy%20pumps" title=" solar energy pumps"> solar energy pumps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51524/assessing-the-viability-of-solar-water-pumps-economically-socially-and-environmentally-in-soan-valley-punjab" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">254</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15227</span> The Correlation between Air Pollution and Tourette Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mengnan%20Sun">Mengnan Sun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is unclear about the association between air pollution and Tourette Syndrome (TS), although people have suspected that air pollution might trigger TS. TS is a type of neural system disease usually found among children. The number of TS patients has significantly increased in recent decades, suggesting an importance and urgency to examine the possible triggers or conditions that are associated with TS. In this study, the correlation between air pollution and three allergic diseases---asthma, allergic conjunctivitis (AC), and allergic rhinitis (AR)---is examined. Then, a correlation between these allergic diseases and TS is proved. In this way, this study establishes a positive correlation between air pollution and TS. Measures the public can take to help TS patients are also analyzed at the end of this article. The article hopes to raise people’s awareness to reduce air pollution for the good of TS patients or people with other disorders that are associated with air pollution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20pollution" title="air pollution">air pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allergic%20diseases" title=" allergic diseases"> allergic diseases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tourette%20Syndrome" title=" Tourette Syndrome"> Tourette Syndrome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179234/the-correlation-between-air-pollution-and-tourette-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15226</span> Traditional Dyeing of Silk with Natural Dyes by Eco-Friendly Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samera%20Salimpour%20Abkenar">Samera Salimpour Abkenar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In traditional dyeing of natural fibers with natural dyes, metal salts are commonly used to increase color stability. This method always carries the risk of environmental pollution (contamination of arable soils and fresh groundwater) due to the release of dyeing effluents containing large amounts of metal. Therefore, researchers are always looking for new methods to obtain a green dyeing system. In this research, the use of the enzymatic dyeing method to prevent environmental pollution with metals and reduce production costs has been proposed. After degumming and bleaching, raw silk fabrics were dyed with natural dyes (Madder and Sumac) by three methods (pre-mordanting with a metal salt, one-step enzymatic dyeing, and two-step enzymatic dyeing). Results show that silk dyed with natural dyes by the enzymatic method has higher color strength and colorfastness than the pretreated with a metal salt. Also, the amount of remained dyes in the dyeing wastewater is significantly reduced by the enzymatic method. It is found that the enzymatic dyeing method leads to improvement of dye absorption, color strength, soft hand, no change in color shade, low production costs (due to low dyeing temperature), and a significant reduction in environmental pollution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eco-friendly" title="eco-friendly">eco-friendly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20dyes" title=" natural dyes"> natural dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silk" title=" silk"> silk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20dyeing" title=" traditional dyeing"> traditional dyeing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135825/traditional-dyeing-of-silk-with-natural-dyes-by-eco-friendly-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135825.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15225</span> Environmental Pollution and Health Risks of Residents Living near Ewekoro Cement Factory, Ewekoro, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Ajide%20Oyinloye">Michael Ajide Oyinloye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The natural environment is made up of air, water and soil. The release of emission of industrial waste into anyone of the components of the environment causes pollution. Industrial pollution significantly threatens the inherent right of people, to the enjoyment of a safe and secure environment. The aim of this paper is to assess the effect of environmental pollution and health risks of residents living near Ewekoro Cement factory. The research made use of IKONOS imagery for Geographical Information System (GIS) to buffer and extract buildings that are less than 1 km to the plant, within 1 km to 5 km and above 5 km to the factory. Also, a questionnaire was used to elicit information on the socio-economic factors, the effect of environmental pollution on residents and measures adopted to control industrial pollution on the residents. Findings show that most buildings that between less than 1 km and 1 km to 5 km to the factory have high health risk in the study area. The study recommended total relocation for the residents of the study area to reduce risk health problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20pollution" title="environmental pollution">environmental pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20risk" title=" health risk"> health risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satellite%20imagery" title=" satellite imagery"> satellite imagery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ewekoro" title=" ewekoro"> ewekoro</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22574/environmental-pollution-and-health-risks-of-residents-living-near-ewekoro-cement-factory-ewekoro-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22574.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">542</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15224</span> Modeling Sustainable Truck Rental Operations Using Closed-Loop Supply Chain Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20S.%20Abdallah">Khaled S. Abdallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdel-Aziz%20M.%20Mohamed"> Abdel-Aziz M. Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Moving industries consume numerous resources and dispose masses of used packaging materials. Proper sorting, recycling and disposing the packaging materials is necessary to avoid a sever pollution disaster. This research paper presents a conceptual model to propose sustainable truck rental operations instead of the regular one. An optimization model was developed to select the locations of truck rental centers, collection sites, maintenance and repair sites, and identify the rental fees to be charged for all routes that maximize the total closed supply chain profits. Fixed costs of vehicle purchasing, costs of constructing collection centers and repair centers, as well as the fixed costs paid to use disposal and recycling centers are considered. Operating costs include the truck maintenance, repair costs as well as the cost of recycling and disposing the packing materials, and the costs of relocating the truck are presented in the model. A mixed integer model is developed followed by a simulation model to examine the factors affecting the operation of the model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title="modeling">modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=truck%20rental" title=" truck rental"> truck rental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chains%20management." title=" supply chains management."> supply chains management.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73185/modeling-sustainable-truck-rental-operations-using-closed-loop-supply-chain-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73185.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15223</span> E-Commerce in Jordan: Conceptual Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muneer%20Abbad">Muneer Abbad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study comes with a comprehensive analysis of specific factors affecting the adoption of e-commerce in Jordan. From the theoretical perspective, this study will make a contribution to the e-commerce by providing insights on the factors that seem to affect e-commerce’s adoption. The current study will provide managers information about the planning and formulating appropriate strategies to ensure rapid adoption of e-commerce in Jordan. It will offer marketing implications, conclusions, and suggestions for future research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-commerce" title="e-commerce">e-commerce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jordan" title=" Jordan"> Jordan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adoption" title=" adoption"> adoption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conceptual%20model" title=" conceptual model"> conceptual model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27771/e-commerce-in-jordan-conceptual-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27771.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15222</span> An Investigation of Influential Factors in Adopting the Cloud Computing in Saudi Arabia: An Application of Technology Acceptance Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shayem%20Saleh%20ALresheedi">Shayem Saleh ALresheedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lu%20Song%20Feng"> Lu Song Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulaziz%20Abdulwahab%20M.%20Fatani"> Abdulaziz Abdulwahab M. Fatani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cloud computing is an emerging concept in the technological sphere. Its development enables many applications to avail information online and on demand. It is becoming an essential element for businesses due to its ability to diminish the costs of IT infrastructure and is being adopted in Saudi Arabia. However, there exist many factors that affect its adoption. Several researchers in the field have ignored the study of the TAM model for identifying the relevant factors and their impact for adopting of cloud computing. This study focuses on evaluating the acceptability of cloud computing and analyzing its impacting factors using Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) of technology adoption in Saudi Arabia. It suggests a model to examine the influential factors of the TAM model along with external factors of technical support in adapting the cloud computing. The proposed model has been tested through the use of multiple hypotheses based on calculation tools and collected data from customers through questionnaires. The findings of the study prove that the TAM model along with external factors can be applied in measuring the expected adoption of cloud computing. The study presents an investigation of influential factors and further recommendation in adopting cloud computing in Saudi Arabia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud%20computing" title="cloud computing">cloud computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acceptability" title=" acceptability"> acceptability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adoption" title=" adoption"> adoption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determinants" title=" determinants"> determinants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83818/an-investigation-of-influential-factors-in-adopting-the-cloud-computing-in-saudi-arabia-an-application-of-technology-acceptance-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83818.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15221</span> A Framework for Information Quality in Accounting Information Systems Adoption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wongsim%20Manirath">Wongsim Manirath </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to implement AIS adoption successfully, it is important to consider the quality of information management and understand Information Quality (IQ) factors influencing AIS adoption. This research aims to explore ways of managing AIS adoption to investigate the adoption of accounting information systems within organisations. The study has led to the development of a framework for understanding the AIS adoption process in an organisation. This research used qualitative, interpretive evidence. This framework was developed from case studies and by collecting qualitative data (interviews). This research has conducted 10 case studies to study how IQ is managed through the accounting information system adoption process. A special focus is placed on determining how organisation size influences the information quality practices. The finding is especially useful to SMEs as many SMEs have the desire to grow bigger. By better dealing with IQ issues, there could be a successful future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20quality" title="data quality">data quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20quality" title=" information quality"> information quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accounting%20information%20system" title=" accounting information system"> accounting information system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20management" title=" information management"> information management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11332/a-framework-for-information-quality-in-accounting-information-systems-adoption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11332.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15220</span> Industry 4.0 Adoption, Control Mechanism and Sustainable Performance of Healthcare Supply Chains under Disruptive Impact</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edward%20Nartey">Edward Nartey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although the boundaries of sustainable performance and growth in the field of service supply chains (SCs) have been broadened by scholars in recent years, research on the impact and promises of Industry 4.0 Destructive Technologies (IDTs) on sustainability performance under disruptive events is still scarce. To mitigate disruptions in the SC and improve efficiency by identifying areas for cost savings, organizations have resorted to investments in digitalization, automation, and control mechanisms in recent years. However, little is known about the sustainability implications for IDT adoption and controls in service SCs, especially during disruptive events. To investigate this paradox, survey data were sought from 223 public health managers across Ghana and analyzed via covariance-based structural equations modelling. The results showed that both formal and informal control have a positive and significant relationship with IDT adoption. In addition, formal control has a significant and positive relationship with environmental and economic sustainability but an insignificant relationship with social sustainability. Furthermore, informal control positively impacts economic performance but has an insignificant relationship with social and environmental sustainability. While the findings highlight the prevalence of the IDTs being initiated by Ghanaian public health institutions (PHIs), this study concludes that the installed control systems in these organizations are inadequate for promoting sustainable SC behaviors under destructive events. Thus, in crisis situations, PHIs need to redesign their control systems to facilitate IDT integration towards sustainability issues in SCs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industry%204.0%20destructive%20technologies" title="industry 4.0 destructive technologies">industry 4.0 destructive technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formal%20control" title=" formal control"> formal control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=informal%20control" title=" informal control"> informal control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20supply%20chain%20performance" title=" sustainable supply chain performance"> sustainable supply chain performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20health%20organizations" title=" public health organizations"> public health organizations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184558/industry-40-adoption-control-mechanism-and-sustainable-performance-of-healthcare-supply-chains-under-disruptive-impact" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184558.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15219</span> Investigation of Public Perception of Air Pollution and Life Quality in Tehran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roghayeh%20Karami">Roghayeh Karami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Gharaei"> Ahmad Gharaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Backgrounds and objectives: This study was undertaken at four different sites (north polluted, south polluted, south healthy and north healthy) in Tehran, in order to examine whether there was a relationship between publicly available air quality data and the public’s perception of air quality and to suggest some guidelines for reducing air pollution. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 people were accidentally filled out the research questionnaires at mentioned sites and air quality data were obtained simultaneously from the Air Quality Control Department. Data was analyzed in Excel and SPSS software. Results: Clean air and secure job were of great importance to people comparing to other pleasant aspect of life. Also air pollution and fear of dangerous diseases were the most important of people concerns. The Indies bored /news paper services on air quality were little used by the public as a means of obtaining information on air pollution. Using public transportation and avoid unessential journeys are the most important ways for reducing air pollution. Conclusion: The results reveal that the public’s perception of air quality is not a reliable indicator of the actual levels of air pollution. Current earths to down actions are not effective and enough in reducing air pollution, therefore it seems participatory management and public participation is suitable guideline. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20pollution" title="air pollution">air pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=opinion%20poll" title=" opinion poll"> opinion poll</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20participation" title=" public participation"> public participation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32309/investigation-of-public-perception-of-air-pollution-and-life-quality-in-tehran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32309.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">487</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15218</span> Customer Adoption and Attitudes in Mobile Banking in Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prasansha%20Kumari"> Prasansha Kumari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper intends to identify and analyze customer adoption and attitudes towards mobile banking facilities. The study uses six perceived characteristics of innovation that can be used to form a favorable or unfavorable attitude toward an innovation, namely: Relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trailability, risk, and observability. Collected data were analyzed using Pearson Chi-Square test. The results showed that mobile bank users were predominantly males. There is a growing trend among young, educated customers towards converting to mobile banking in Sri Lanka. The research outcomes suggested that all the six factors are statistically highly significant in influencing mobile banking adoption and attitude formation towards mobile banking in Sri Lanka. The major reasons for adopting mobile banking services are the accessibility and availability of services regardless of time and place. Over the 75 percent of the respondents mentioned that savings in time and effort and low financial costs of conducting mobile banking were advantageous. Issue of security was found to be the most important factor that motivated consumer adoption and attitude formation towards mobile banking. Main barriers to mobile banking were the lack of technological skills, the traditional cash‐carry banking culture, and the lack of awareness and insufficient guidance to using mobile banking. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compatibility" title="compatibility">compatibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexity" title=" complexity"> complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20banking" title=" mobile banking"> mobile banking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=observability" title=" observability"> observability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40999/customer-adoption-and-attitudes-in-mobile-banking-in-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a 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