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Asadian Kohestani</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Rohollah Asadian Kohestani"> <meta name="keywords" content="Rohollah Asadian Kohestani"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Rohollah Asadian Kohestani"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 9</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Rohollah Asadian Kohestani</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Investigating Effective Factors on the Customer Switching Behaviour in the Saipa Emdad Khodro Company of Iran </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohollah%20Asadian%20Kohestani">Rohollah Asadian Kohestani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Hashemzadeh"> Mustafa Hashemzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present paper is the outcome of a field research that was conducted with the study objective of influencing factor's effect on the behavior of customers switching in the Saipa Emdad Khodro Company. To achieve this goal, six factors of service quality, service cost, waiting time to receive services, reputation of organization, costs of switching and the way to respond the needs of customers as the independent variables of research and their effect on the customer switching was studied as the variable related to the research. The statistical society of this research included all customers of the Saipa Emdad Khodro company that possess the vehicles of automobile manufacturing group of Saipa throughout the country and the statistical sample included 150 persons of such customers. The results of this research indicated that all under study factors excluding the reputation factor effect on the behavior of customer switching. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customer%20services" title="customer services">customer services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=switching%20cost" title=" switching cost"> switching cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20price" title=" service price"> service price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customer%20switching%20behavior" title=" customer switching behavior"> customer switching behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31661/investigating-effective-factors-on-the-customer-switching-behaviour-in-the-saipa-emdad-khodro-company-of-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31661.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Investigating the Effect of Brand Equity on Competitive Advantage in the Banking Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohollah%20Asadian%20Kohestani">Rohollah Asadian Kohestani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazanin%20Sedghi"> Nazanin Sedghi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As the number of banks and financial institutions working in Iran has been significantly increased, the attracting and retaining customers and encouraging them to continually use the modern banking services have been important and vital issues. Therefore, there would be a serious competition without a deep perception of consumers and fitness of banking services with their needs in the current economic conditions of Iran. It should be noted that concepts such as 'brand equity' is defined based on the view of consumers; however, it is also focused by shareholders, competitors and other beneficiaries of a firm in addition to bank and its consumers. This study examines the impact of brand equity on the competitive advantage in the banking industry as intensive competition between brands of different banks leads to pay more attention to the brands. This research is based on the Aaker’s model examining the impact of four dimensions of brand equity on the competitive advantage of private banks in Behshahr city. Moreover, conducting an applied research and data analysis has been carried out by a descriptive method. Data collection was done using literature review and questionnaire. A 'simple random' methodology was selected for sampling staff of banks while sampling methodology to select consumers of banks was the distribution of questionnaire between staff and consumers of five private banks including Tejarat, Mellat, Refah K., Ghavamin and, Tose’e Ta’avon banks. Results show that there is a significant relationship between brand equity and their competitive advantage. In this research, software of SPSS 16 and LISREL 8.5, as well as different methods of descriptive inferential statistics for analyzing data and test hypotheses, were employed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20awareness" title="brand awareness">brand awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20loyalty" title=" brand loyalty"> brand loyalty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20equity" title=" brand equity"> brand equity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competitive%20advantage" title=" competitive advantage"> competitive advantage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102329/investigating-the-effect-of-brand-equity-on-competitive-advantage-in-the-banking-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102329.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Simulation of Reflectometry in Alborz Tokamak</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kohestani">S. Kohestani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Amrollahi"> R. Amrollahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Daryabor"> P. Daryabor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microwave diagnostics such as reflectometry are receiving growing attention in magnetic confinement fusionresearch. In order to obtain the better understanding of plasma confinement physics, more detailed measurements on density profile and its fluctuations might be required. A 2D full-wave simulation of ordinary mode propagation has been written in an effort to model effects seen in reflectometry experiment. The code uses the finite-difference-time-domain method with a perfectly-matched-layer absorption boundary to solve Maxwell’s equations.The code has been used to simulate the reflectometer measurement in Alborz Tokamak. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reflectometry" title="reflectometry">reflectometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ordinary%20mode" title=" ordinary mode"> ordinary mode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tokamak" title=" tokamak"> tokamak</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30953/simulation-of-reflectometry-in-alborz-tokamak" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30953.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">420</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Dental Implant Survival in Patients with Osteoporosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20ASadian">Mohammad ASadian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samira%20RajiAsadabadi"> Samira RajiAsadabadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Osteoporosis is very common, particularly in post-menopausal women and is characterized by a decrease in bone mass and strength. Osteoporosis also affects the jawbone and it is considered a potential contraindication to the placement of dental implants. The present paper reviews the literature regarding the effect of osteoporosis on the osseointegration of implants. Experimental models have shown that osteoporosis affects the process of osseointegration, which can be reversed by treatment. However, studies in subjects with osteoporosis have shown no differences in the survival of the implants compared to healthy individuals. Therefore, osteoporosis cannot be considered a contraindication for implant placement. Oral bisphosphonates are the most commonly used pharmacological agents in the treatment of osteoporosis. Although there have been cases of osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients treated with bisphosphonates, they are very rare and it is more usually associated with intravenous bisphosphonates in patients with neoplasms or other serious diseases. Nevertheless, patients treated with bisphosphonates must be informed in writing about the possibility of this complication and must give informed consent. Ceasing to use of bisphosphonates before implant placement does not seem to be necessary. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osteoporosis" title="Osteoporosis">Osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental%20implant" title=" dental implant"> dental implant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bisphosphonates" title=" bisphosphonates"> bisphosphonates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survival" title=" survival"> survival</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163925/dental-implant-survival-in-patients-with-osteoporosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163925.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">96</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Software-Defined Networks in Utility Power Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ava%20Salmanpour">Ava Salmanpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanieh%20Saeedi"> Hanieh Saeedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Payam%20Rouhi"> Payam Rouhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elahe%20Hamzeil"> Elahe Hamzeil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shima%20Alimohammadi"> Shima Alimohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siamak%20Hossein%20Khalaj"> Siamak Hossein Khalaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Asadian"> Mohammad Asadian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Software-defined network (SDN) is a network architecture designed to control network using software application in a central manner. This ability enables remote control of the whole network regardless of the network technology. In fact, in this architecture network intelligence is separated from physical infrastructure, it means that required network components can be implemented virtually using software applications. Today, power networks are characterized by a high range of complexity with a large number of intelligent devices, processing both huge amounts of data and important information. Therefore, reliable and secure communication networks are required. SDNs are the best choice to meet this issue. In this paper, SDN networks capabilities and characteristics will be reviewed and different basic controllers will be compared. The importance of using SDNs to escalate efficiency and reliability in utility power networks is going to be discussed and the comparison between the SDN-based power networks and traditional networks will be explained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software-defined%20network" title="software-defined network">software-defined network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SDNs" title=" SDNs"> SDNs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=utility%20network" title=" utility network"> utility network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20flow" title=" open flow"> open flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20and%20electricity" title=" gas and electricity"> gas and electricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=controller" title=" controller"> controller</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155341/software-defined-networks-in-utility-power-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155341.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Assessing Genetic Variation of Dog Rose (Rosa Canina L.) in Caspian Climate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aptin%20Rahnavard">Aptin Rahnavard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghavamaldin%20Asadian"> Ghavamaldin Asadian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalil%20Pourshamsian"> Khalil Pourshamsian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariamalsadat%20Taghavi"> Mariamalsadat Taghavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dog rose is one of the important rose species in Iran that the distant past had been considered due to nutritional value and medicinal. Despite its long history of use, due to poor information on the genetic modification of plants has been done resources inheritance. In this study was to assess the genetic diversity. Total of 30 genotypes Dog rose from areas of northern Iran in the Caspian region (provinces of Guilan and Mazandaran) were evaluated using 25 RAPD primers. The number of bands produced total of 202 and for each primer were measured in a bands with an average 8-band .The number of polymorphic bands per primer ranged from 1 to 13 and the bands were in the range of 300 to 3000 bp. Based on the results OPA-04 primer with 13 bands and PRA-1, E-09 and A-04 with 5-band were created maximum and minimum number of amplified fragments. Molecular marker genotypes showed a high degree of polymorphism. Studied genotypes based on RAPD results were divided into 2 groups and 2 subgroups. Most similar in subgroups A2 and B group was the lowest. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rosa%20canina%20spp." title="rosa canina spp.">rosa canina spp.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RAPD%20marker" title=" RAPD marker"> RAPD marker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20variation" title=" genetic variation"> genetic variation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caspian%20climate" title=" caspian climate"> caspian climate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11539/assessing-genetic-variation-of-dog-rose-rosa-canina-l-in-caspian-climate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11539.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">569</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Evaluation of Achillea millefolium L. Biochemical Changes in Iran's Natural Habitat</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghavamaldin%20Asadian">Ghavamaldin Asadian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aptin%20Rahnavard"> Aptin Rahnavard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariamalsadat%20Taghavi"> Mariamalsadat Taghavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Achillea millefolium L. is one of the most important medicinal plants with antioxidant compounds. The use of compounds derived from plants reduces the incidence of many chronic diseases. The purpose of this investigation is study of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity some of ecotypes yarrow grown in natural habitats in Iran. This experimental study was conducted in 2013 at the Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch. After identifying the natural sites, we have attempted to harvest of aerial part and after drying in lab temperature, essential oil was extracted by steam distillation. In this research for evaluate the antioxidant properties was used of three method, DPPH, Antioxidant capacity ferro revival and phosphomolybdenum, that all mechanism is based on the electron donating. All ecotypes had antioxidant activity and ecotypes grown in Kandovan region were measured with the most total phenolic (89.5 mg GA/g dew) and flavonoid (20.4 µg/g dew) and the lowest in Saveh (71.3 mg GA/g dew, 17.4 µg/g dew). Variation of the antioxidant properties were significant (P≤0.01) in areas and were accounted Kandovan with highest value and the lowest in Save. As a result, yarrow essential oil grown in Kandovan in terms of amount of total phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant property, it was determined the best natural habitat. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=achillea%20millefolium%20L." title="achillea millefolium L.">achillea millefolium L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20compounds" title=" antioxidant compounds"> antioxidant compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DPPH" title=" DPPH"> DPPH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20phenolic" title=" total phenolic"> total phenolic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoid%20natural%20habitats" title=" flavonoid natural habitats"> flavonoid natural habitats</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11541/evaluation-of-achillea-millefolium-l-biochemical-changes-in-irans-natural-habitat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11541.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Sustainable Material Selection for Buildings: Analytic Network Process Method and Life Cycle Assessment Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samira%20Mahmoudkelayeh">Samira Mahmoudkelayeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katayoun%20Taghizade"> Katayoun Taghizade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mitra%20Pourvaziri"> Mitra Pourvaziri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elnaz%20Asadian"> Elnaz Asadian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over the recent decades, depletion of resources and environmental concerns made researchers and practitioners present sustainable approaches. Since construction process consumes a great deal of both renewable and non-renewable resources, it is of great significance regarding environmental impacts. Choosing sustainable construction materials is a remarkable strategy presented in many researches and has a significant effect on building’s environmental footprint. This paper represents an assessment framework for selecting best sustainable materials for exterior enclosure in the city of Tehran based on sustainability principles (eco-friendly, cost effective and socio-cultural viable solutions). To perform a comprehensive analysis of environmental impacts, life cycle assessment, a cradle to grave approach is used. A questionnaire survey of construction experts has been conducted to determine the relative importance of criteria. Analytic Network Process (ANP) is applied as a multi-criteria decision-making method to choose sustainable material which consider interdependencies of criteria and sub-criteria. Finally, it prioritizes and aggregates relevant criteria into ultimate assessed score. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20materials" title="sustainable materials">sustainable materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building" title=" building"> building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytic%20network%20process" title=" analytic network process"> analytic network process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20cycle%20assessment" title=" life cycle assessment"> life cycle assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61351/sustainable-material-selection-for-buildings-analytic-network-process-method-and-life-cycle-assessment-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61351.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Austempered Compacted Graphite Irons: Influence of Austempering Temperature on Microstructure and Microscratch Behavior</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohollah%20Ghasemi">Rohollah Ghasemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arvin%20Ghorbani"> Arvin Ghorbani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the effect of austempering temperature on microstructure and scratch behavior of the austempered heat-treated compacted graphite irons. The as-cast was used as base material for heat treatment practices. The samples were extracted from as-cast ferritic CGI pieces and were heat treated under austenitising temperature of 900°C for 60 minutes which followed by quenching in salt-bath at different austempering temperatures of 275°C, 325°C and 375°C. For all heat treatments, an austempering holding time of 30 minutes was selected for this study. Light optical microscope (LOM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) analysis confirmed the ausferritic matrix formed in all heat-treated samples. Microscratches were performed under the load of 200, 600 and 1000 mN using a sphero-conical diamond indenter with a tip radius of 50 μm and induced cone angle 90° at a speed of 10 μm/s at room temperature ~25°C. An instrumented nanoindentation machine was used for performing nanoindentation hardness measurement and microscratch testing. Hardness measurements and scratch resistance showed a significant increase in Brinell, Vickers, and nanoindentation hardness values as well as microscratch resistance of the heat-treated samples compared to the as-cast ferritic sample. The increase in hardness and improvement in microscratch resistance are associated with the formation of the ausferrite matrix consisted of carbon-saturated retained austenite and acicular ferrite in austempered matrix. The maximum hardness was observed for samples austempered at 275°C which resulted in the formation of very fine acicular ferrite. In addition, nanohardness values showed a quite significant variation in the matrix due to the presence of acicular ferrite and carbon-saturated retained austenite. It was also observed that the increase of austempering temperature resulted in increase of volume of the carbon-saturated retained austenite and decrease of hardness values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=austempered%20CGI" title="austempered CGI">austempered CGI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=austempering" title=" austempering"> austempering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scratch%20testing" title=" scratch testing"> scratch testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scratch%20plastic%20deformation" title=" scratch plastic deformation"> scratch plastic deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scratch%20hardness" title=" scratch hardness"> scratch hardness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103557/austempered-compacted-graphite-irons-influence-of-austempering-temperature-on-microstructure-and-microscratch-behavior" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103557.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational 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