Founding of Rome | UNRV Roman History

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<div class="inner-box"> <div class="upper-box"> <ul class="breadcrumb-bar"> <li><a href="https://www.unrv.com">Home</a></li> <li>Founding of Rome</li> </ul> <h1>Founding of Rome</h1> <div class="sharethis-inline-share-buttons"></div> </div> <div class="text"> <p align="right"><i>"There can be nobody so petty or so apathetic in his outlook that he has no desire to discover by what means and under what system of government the Romans succeeded in... bringing under their rule almost the whole of the inhabited world."</i><br /><strong>_ Polybius (<i>Histories 1.1.5</i>)</strong></p> <br /> <p align="justify">Much of what we know today about the historical foundations of Rome comes to us from <a href="https://www.unrv.com/culture/literature.php">ancient writers</a> such as <a href="https://www.unrv.com/culture/livy.php">Livy</a> and Herodotus, along with the findings of archaeology. The early history of Rome, so deeply rooted in <a href="https://www.unrv.com/culture/mythology.php">legend and mythology</a>, is a mix of fact, fiction, educated guesses and established notions on the conditions of the ancient Mediterranean world.</p> <img src="/images/1200width/romulus-and-remus-she-wolf.jpg" alt="A statue of Romulus and Remus suckling the she-wolf" width="100%"/> <br /> <br /> <p align="justify">The earliest evidence of human habitation in the Latium region which included <a href="https://www.unrv.com/rome/index.php">the city of Rome</a>, dates from the Bronze Age (c.1500 BC), but the earliest established, and permanent, settlements began to form in the 8th century BC.</p> <p align="justify">At that time, archeology indicates two closely related peoples in the area, the Latins and Sabines. These agrarian Italic peoples were tribal in origin, with a social hierarchy that dominated Rome's early form of government and throughout its claim to power in the region.</p> <p align="justify">The date of the founding as a village or series of tribal territories is uncertain, but the traditional and legendary founding of the city dates to 753 BC. Although this date is heavily laden in myth, it is at least roughly supported through archeological evidence. It was in the 8th century BC that two existing settlements, one on the <a href="https://www.unrv.com/rome/seven-hills/palatine.php">Palatine Hill</a>, the other on the Quirinal, combined to form a single village, corresponding to the same dates as the legend.</p> <p align="justify">According to legend, Romans trace their origins to Aeneas, a Trojan who escaped the sack of Troy by fleeing to Italy. The son of Aeneas, Iulius (commonly Julius) founded the city of Alba Longa establishing a monarchy. Two descendents of the Alba Longa Kings, the twin brothers <a href="https://www.unrv.com/culture/romulus-and-remus.php">Romulus and Remus</a>, would go on to become the founders of Rome. Eventually the two brothers quarreled resulting in the murder of Remus, leaving Romulus as the first King of Rome.</p> <p align="justify">The traditional date of Romulus' sole reign and the subsequent founding of the city, 21 April 753 BC, is still <a href="https://www.unrv.com/culture/roman-festivals.php">celebrated with festivals</a> and parades today.</p> <p align="justify">Continuing development of the city was largely influenced by Rome's northern neighbors, <a href="https://www.unrv.com/empire/etruscans.php">the Etruscans</a>. The Etruscans, threatened by the growing power and influence of the Latin city to their south, would soon supplant Romulus, and subsequent Latin Kings, with Kings of their own.</p> <br /> <h2>Early Roman Timeline</h2> <br /> <table width="100%" border="1" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="3"> <tr> <td width="19%"><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Year</strong></font></div></td> <td width="81%"><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Event</strong></font></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">1200 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Beginning of the first iron age. The Latini migrate to <b><a href=https://www.unrv.com/provinces/italia.php>Italy</a></b> from the Danube region. </font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">1000 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Latins settle in the Latium region.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">1000 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Etruscan tribes move into Italy.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">1000 - 800 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">First settlements on the Palatine Hill.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">753 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Traditional Founding of Rome by Romulus and Remus.</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">753 - 716 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Rule of Romulus</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">750 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Greek cities founded in Italy.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">700 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Etruscan civilization dominates the region.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">715-674 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Reign of Numa Pompilius</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">673-642 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Reign of Tullius Hostilius</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">642-617 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Reign of Ancus Marcius</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">616-579 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Reign of L. Tarquinius Priscus</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">600 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Etruscans build the tombs of Cerveteri.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">600 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="https://www.unrv.com/culture/roman-forum.php">The Forum in Rome</a> is built. (Coincides with a more historical foundation of the city of Rome)</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">582 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Birth of the Greek philosopher and mathematician Pythagoras, on the island of Samos.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">578-535 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Reign of Servius Tullius</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">578 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Tarquinius Priscus builds the <a href="https://www.unrv.com/articles/cloaca-maxima.php">Cloaca Maxima</a>, the first sewer.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">550 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Servius Tullius builds city walls.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">535-510 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Reign of L. Tarquinius Superbus</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">510 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Rape of the Sabines</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">509 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Overthrow of <b><a href=https://www.unrv.com/roman-kingdom/index.php>Etruscan kings</a></b> and destruction of the monarchy by L. Junius Brutus.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">509 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b><a href=https://www.unrv.com/empire/birth-of-the-roman-republic.php>Establishment of the Roman Republic</a></b></font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">509 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">The temple of Jupiter Capitolinus is built on the Capitoline Hill</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">508 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Creation of the position of <b><a href=https://www.unrv.com/culture/pontifex-maximus.php>Pontifex Maximus</a></b> as an official, to oversee the Rex Sacrorum.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">504 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Migration of the Claudii to Rome.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div align="center"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">501 BC</font></div></td> <td><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Appointment of the first-ever <a href="https://www.unrv.com/government/dictatorship.php">dictator</a>, T. Larcius</font></td> </tr> </table> <blockquote>Did you know...<br /> The <a href="https://www.unrv.com/early-empire/claudius.php">Emperor Claudius</a>, before his rise to the purple, wrote a comprehensive history of the Etruscan culture which has been, unfortunately, lost to history. </blockquote> <br /> <a href="https://www.unrv.com/supportunrv.php"> <picture> <source media="(min-width: 776px)" srcset="/images/donate-banner.png"> <source media="(max-width: 775px)" srcset="/images/donate-banner-mobile.png"> <img src="/images/donate-banner.png" alt="Donate to UNRV"> </picture> </a> <br /> <br /> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sidebar-side col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <aside class="sidebar default-sidebar right-sidebar">  <div class="sidebar-widget search-box"> <form method="GET" action="/search/search.php"> <div class="form-group"> <input type="text" name="zoom_query" value="" placeholder="Search Site" required> <button type="submit"><span class="icon fa 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