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class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Circumcision</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Circumcision-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Western_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Western_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>In Western popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Western_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_conflicts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_conflicts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Recent conflicts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_conflicts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Additional_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Additional_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Additional reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Additional_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83" title="Самбуру – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Самбуру" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samburov%C3%A9" title="Samburové – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Samburové" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samburu" title="Samburu – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Samburu" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samburud" title="Samburud – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Samburud" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samburuoj" title="Samburuoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Samburuoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samburu_(peuple)" title="Samburu (peuple) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Samburu (peuple)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samburu" title="Samburu – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Samburu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samburu_(popolo)" title="Samburu (popolo) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Samburu (popolo)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%95_(%D7%A7%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA)" title="סמבורו (קבוצה אתנית) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סמבורו (קבוצה אתנית)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasamburu" title="Wasamburu – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Wasamburu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szamburuk" title="Szamburuk – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szamburuk" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samboro_(vahoaka)" title="Samboro (vahoaka) – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Samboro (vahoaka)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samburu_(volk)" title="Samburu (volk) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Samburu (volk)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E6%97%8F" title="サンブル族 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サンブル族" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samburu" title="Samburu – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Samburu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samburu" title="Samburu – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Samburu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Самбуру (народ) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Самбуру (народ)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83" title="Самбуру – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Самбуру" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samburu" title="Samburu – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Samburu" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samburu_(folk)" title="Samburu (folk) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Samburu (folk)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Самбуру (народ) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Самбуру (народ)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A1%91%E5%B8%83%E9%B2%81%E4%BA%BA" title="桑布鲁人 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="桑布鲁人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1261878#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Samburu_people" title="View the 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Nilotic people of north-central Kenya</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Samburu_people" title="Special:EditPage/Samburu people">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Samburu+people%22">"Samburu people"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Samburu+people%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Samburu+people%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Samburu+people%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Samburu+people%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Samburu+people%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Samburu</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Samburu_(%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Samburu_%28%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%29.jpg/220px-Samburu_%28%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Samburu_%28%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%29.jpg/330px-Samburu_%28%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Samburu_%28%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%29.jpg/440px-Samburu_%28%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="808" data-file-height="904" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">333,471<sup id="cite_ref-Census2019_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census2019-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Samburu_county" class="mw-redirect" title="Samburu county">Samburu county</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Samburu_language" title="Samburu language">Samburu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swahili_language" title="Swahili language">Swahili</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, <a href="/wiki/African_Traditional_Religion" class="mw-redirect" title="African Traditional Religion">Traditional beliefs</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Other <a href="/wiki/Nilotic_peoples" title="Nilotic peoples">Nilotic peoples</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Kenya" title="Category:Kenya">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa"><span class="wraplinks"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Kenya" title="Culture of Kenya">Culture of Kenya</a></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image photo"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Kenya.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/150px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/225px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/300px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kenya" title="History of Kenya">History</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kenya#Paleolithic" title="History of Kenya">Pleistocene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kenya#Neolithic" title="History of Kenya">Neolithic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kenya#Iron_Age" title="History of Kenya">African iron age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kenya#Swahili_culture_and_trade" title="History of Kenya">Swahili city states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kenya#Portuguese_and_Omani_influences" title="History of Kenya">Portuguese and Omani period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kenya#British_rule_(1895–1963)" title="History of Kenya">British Colonial Period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kenya#Independence" title="History of Kenya">Early post Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kenya#Moi_regime_(1978–2002)" title="History of Kenya">Moi Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kenya#Recent_history_(2002_to_present)" title="History of Kenya">Recent history</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Kenya" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups in Kenya">People</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><u>Historic peoples</u> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Koobi_Fora" title="Koobi Fora">Koobi Fora Hominins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olorgesailie" title="Olorgesailie">Olorgesailie Aechulean hand axe culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savanna_Pastoral_Neolithic" title="Savanna Pastoral Neolithic">Savanna Pastoral Neolithic Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eburran_industry" title="Eburran industry">Eburran industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmenteitan" title="Elmenteitan">Elmenteitan culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirikwa_culture" title="Sirikwa culture">Sirikwa culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urewe" title="Urewe">Urewe culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shungwaya" title="Shungwaya">Shungwaya</a></li></ul> <p><u>Modern ethnicities</u> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kikuyu_people" title="Kikuyu people">Kikuyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhya_people" title="Luhya people">Luhya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banyala" title="Banyala">Banyala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukusu" title="Bukusu">Bukusu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gisu_people" title="Gisu people">Gisu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idakho" title="Idakho">Idakho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isukha" title="Isukha">Isukha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khayo" title="Khayo">Khayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kisa_tribe" title="Kisa tribe">Kisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marachi" title="Marachi">Marachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maragoli" title="Maragoli">Maragoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marama_tribe" title="Marama tribe">Marama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tachoni" title="Tachoni">Tachoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiriki" title="Tiriki">Tiriki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samia_tribe" title="Samia tribe">Samia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanga" class="mw-redirect" title="Wanga">Wanga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalenjin_people" title="Kalenjin people">Kalenjin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nandi_people" title="Nandi people">Nandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marakwet_people" title="Marakwet people">Marakwet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kipsigis_people" title="Kipsigis people">Kipsigis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elgeyo_people" title="Elgeyo people">Elgeyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tugen_people" title="Tugen people">Tugen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terik_people" title="Terik people">Terik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pokot_people" title="Pokot people">Pokot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabaot_people" title="Sabaot people">Sabaot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_people" title="Luo people">Luo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suba_people_(Kenya)" title="Suba people (Kenya)">Suba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunta_people" title="Kunta people">Kunta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamba_people" title="Kamba people">Kamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalis_in_Kenya" title="Somalis in Kenya">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kisii_people" title="Kisii people">Kisii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuria_people" title="Kuria people">Kuria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meru_people" title="Meru people">Meru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbeere_people" title="Mbeere people">Mbeere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embu_people" title="Embu people">Embu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teso_people" title="Teso people">Teso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maasai_people" title="Maasai people">Maasai</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Samburu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilchamus_people" title="Ilchamus people">Ilchamus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkana_people" title="Turkana people">Turkana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borana_Oromo_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Borana Oromo people">Borana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakuye_people" title="Sakuye people">Sakuye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tana_Orma_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tana Orma people">Orma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rendille_people" title="Rendille people">Rendille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabra_people" title="Gabra people">Gabra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sengwer_people" title="Sengwer people">Sengwer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mijikenda_peoples" title="Mijikenda peoples">Mijikenda</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jibana_people" title="Jibana people">Jibana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giriama_people" title="Giriama people">Giriama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duruma" class="mw-redirect" title="Duruma">Duruma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chonyi_people" title="Chonyi people">Chonyi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swahili_people" title="Swahili people">Swahili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taita_people" title="Taita people">Taita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taveta_people" title="Taveta people">Taveta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okiek_people" title="Okiek people">Okiek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indians_in_Kenya" title="Indians in Kenya">Kenyan Asians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_people_in_Kenya" title="White people in Kenya">White Kenyans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Kenya#Arabs" title="Demographics of Kenya">Kenyan Arabs</a></li></ul> <p><u>Diaspora</u> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenyan_Americans" title="Kenyan Americans">Kenyan Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyan_Australians" title="Kenyan Australians">Kenyan Australians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyan_migration_to_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenyan migration to the United Kingdom">Kenyan Britons</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Kenya" title="Languages of Kenya">Languages</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Niger%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Niger–Congo languages">Niger–Congo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantu_languages" title="Bantu languages">Bantu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swahili_language" title="Swahili language">Swahili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kikuyu_language" title="Kikuyu language">Kikuyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamba_language" title="Kamba language">Kamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekegusii" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekegusii">Ekegusii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim%C3%AE%C3%AEru" class="mw-redirect" title="Kimîîru">Kimîîru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhya_language" title="Luhya language">Oluluhyia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pokomo_language" title="Pokomo language">Kipokomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kigiryama" class="mw-redirect" title="Kigiryama">Kigiryama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiembu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiembu">Kiembu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bajuni" class="mw-redirect" title="Bajuni">bajuni</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nilo-Saharan_languages" title="Nilo-Saharan languages">Nilo-Saharan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nilotic_languages" title="Nilotic languages">Nilotic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dholuo" title="Dholuo">Dholuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalenjin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalenjin language">Kalenjin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maasai_language" title="Maasai language">Maa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkana_language" title="Turkana language">Turkana</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afroasiatic_languages" title="Afroasiatic languages">Afroasiatic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cushitic_languages" title="Cushitic languages">Cushitic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rendille_language" title="Rendille language">Rendille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_language" title="Somali language">Somali</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semitic_languages" title="Semitic languages">Semitic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indo-European_languages" title="Indo-European languages">Indo-European</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_languages" title="Germanic languages">Germanic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Germanic_languages" title="West Germanic languages">West Germanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Iranian_languages" title="Indo-Iranian languages">Indo-Iranian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindustani_language" title="Hindustani language">Hindustani</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italic_languages" title="Italic languages">Italic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Mythology</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantu_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantu mythology">Bantu mythology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gikuyu_people#Spirituality_and_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Gikuyu people">Gikuyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamba_people#Culture_and_beliefs" title="Kamba people">Akamba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maasai_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Maasai mythology">Maasai mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalenjin_mythology" title="Kalenjin mythology">Kalenjin mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kit-Mikayi" title="Kit-Mikayi">Kit-Mikayi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luanda_Magere" title="Luanda Magere">Luanda Magere</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6;"> <a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Kenya" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Kenya">Cuisine</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Kenya" title="Public holidays in Kenya">Festivals</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Year%27s_Day" title="New Year's Day">New Year's Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawlid" title="Mawlid">Mawlid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Friday" title="Good Friday">Good Friday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Monday" title="Easter Monday">Easter Monday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamu#Culture" title="Lamu">Lamu Cultural Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Workers%27_Day" title="International Workers' Day">Labour day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madaraka_Day" title="Madaraka Day">Madaraka Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Fitr" title="Eid al-Fitr">Eid al-Fitr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Adha" title="Eid al-Adha">Eid al-Adha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moi_Day" title="Moi Day">Huduma Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashujaa_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Mashujaa Day">Mashujaa Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamhuri_Day" title="Jamhuri Day">Jamhuri Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusinga_(Cultural)_Festival" title="Rusinga (Cultural) Festival">Rusinga (Cultural) Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Christmas Day">Christmas Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_Day" title="Boxing Day">Boxing Day</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kenya" title="Religion in Kenya">Religion</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Kenya" title="Catholic Church in Kenya">Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_of_Kenya" title="Anglican Church of Kenya">Anglicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Africa_Inland_Mission" title="Africa Inland Mission">African Inland Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers_in_Africa#Kenya" title="Quakers in Africa">Quakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Kenya" title="History of the Jews in Kenya">Judaism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Art</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_art#East_Africa" title="African art">Traditional art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wangechi_Mutu" title="Wangechi Mutu">Wangechi Mutu</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Kenya" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Kenya">Literature</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swahili_literature" title="Swahili literature">Swahili literature</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kenya" title="Music of Kenya">Music</a> and performing arts</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benga_music" title="Benga music">Benga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boomba_music" title="Boomba music">Boomba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genge" title="Genge">Genge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyan_hip_hop" title="Kenyan hip hop">Kenyan hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congolese_rumba" title="Congolese rumba">Lingala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohangla" title="Ohangla">Ohangla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soukous" title="Soukous">Soukous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taarab" title="Taarab">Taarab</a></li></ul> <p><u>Performing arts</u> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_National_Theatre" title="Kenya National Theatre">Kenya National Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Institute_of_Puppet_Theatre_(KIPT)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenya Institute of Puppet Theatre (KIPT)">Kenya Institute of Puppet Theatre (KIPT)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Kenya_Schools_and_Colleges_Drama_Festival" title="The Kenya Schools and Colleges Drama Festival">The Kenya Schools and Colleges Drama Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Too_Early_for_Birds" title="Too Early for Birds">Too Early for Birds</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Kenya" class="mw-redirect" title="Media in Kenya">Media</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Kenya" class="mw-redirect" title="Television in Kenya">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Kenya" title="Cinema of Kenya">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nation_Media_Group" title="Nation Media Group">Nation Media Group</a></li></ul> <p><u>Government agencies</u> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communications_Authority_of_Kenya" title="Communications Authority of Kenya">Communications Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Film_Commission" title="Kenya Film Commission">Kenya Film Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Film_Classification_Board" title="Kenya Film Classification Board">Kenya Film Classification Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_News_Agency" title="Kenya News Agency">Kenya News Agency</a></li></ul> <p><u>Television</u> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A24_news_channel" title="A24 news channel">A24 news channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizen_TV" title="Citizen TV">Citizen TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Kenya Broadcasting Corporation">Kenya Broadcasting Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Television_Network" title="Kenya Television Network">Kenya Television Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinga_Tinga_Tales" title="Tinga Tinga Tales">Tinga Tinga Tales</a></li></ul> <p><u>Radio</u> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/98.4_Capital_FM" title="98.4 Capital FM">98.4 Capital FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CRI_Nairobi_91.9_FM" title="CRI Nairobi 91.9 FM">CRI Nairobi 91.9 FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamoja_FM" title="Pamoja FM">Pamoja FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Maria" title="Radio Maria">Radio Maria</a></li></ul> <p><u>Newspapers</u> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_African_Executive" title="The African Executive">The African Executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_Daily_Africa" title="Business Daily Africa">Business Daily Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daily_Nation" title="Daily Nation">Daily Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_EastAfrican" title="The EastAfrican">The EastAfrican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Gazette" title="Kenya Gazette">Kenya Gazette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Times" title="Kenya Times">Kenya Times</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Standard_(Kenya)" title="The Standard (Kenya)">The Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Star_(Kenya)" title="The Star (Kenya)">The Star</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Kenya" title="Sport in Kenya">Sport</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_Kenya" title="Athletics Kenya">Athletics Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_Kenya" title="Football in Kenya">Football in Kenya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Football_Kenya_Federation" title="Football Kenya Federation">Football Kenya Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyan_Premier_League" title="Kenyan Premier League">Kenyan Premier League</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_union_in_Kenya" title="Rugby union in Kenya">Rugby union in Kenya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Safari_Sevens" title="Safari Sevens">Safari Sevens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_in_Kenya" title="Cricket in Kenya">Cricket in Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Open" title="Kenya Open">Golf in Kenya</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Monuments</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Kenya" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Kenya">World Heritage Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sites_and_monuments_in_Kenya" title="List of sites and monuments in Kenya">List of Monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothagam_North_Pillar_Site" title="Lothagam North Pillar Site">Lothagam North Pillar Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalokol_Pillar_Site" title="Kalokol Pillar Site">Namoratunga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thimlich_Ohinga" title="Thimlich Ohinga">Thimlich Ohinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruins_of_Gedi" title="Ruins of Gedi">Ruins of Gedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jumba_la_Mtwana" title="Jumba la Mtwana">Jumba la Mtwana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamu_Fort" title="Lamu Fort">Lamu Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siyu" title="Siyu">Siyu Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Jesus" title="Fort Jesus">Fort Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Mboya_Monument" title="Tom Mboya Monument">Tom Mboya Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedan_Kimathi#The_Dedan_Kimathi_statue" title="Dedan Kimathi">Dedan Kimathi Statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baden-Powell_grave" title="Baden-Powell grave">Baden-Powell grave</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Symbols</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Kenya" title="Flag of Kenya">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Kenya" title="Coat of arms of Kenya">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_Kenya" class="mw-redirect" title="National anthem of Kenya">National anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ee_Mungu_Nguvu_Yetu" title="Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu">Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Kenya" title="Coat of arms of Kenya">Coat of arms of Kenya</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/16px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/24px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Kenya" title="Portal:Kenya">Kenya portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Culture_of_Kenya" title="Template:Culture of Kenya"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_Kenya" title="Template talk:Culture of Kenya"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Culture_of_Kenya" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Culture of Kenya"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Samburu</b> are a <a href="/wiki/Nilotic_peoples" title="Nilotic peoples">Nilotic people</a> of north-central <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a>. Traditionally, they are semi-<a href="/wiki/Nomad" title="Nomad">nomadic</a> <a href="/wiki/Pastoralists" class="mw-redirect" title="Pastoralists">pastoralists</a> who primarily herd cattle but also keep sheep, goats and camels. They refer to themselves as <b>Lokop</b> or <b>Loikop</b>, a term with varied interpretations among the Samburu. Some believe it means "owners of the land" ("lo" meaning ownership and "nkop" meaning land) while others have different interpretations. </p><p>The Samburu speak the Samburu dialect of the <a href="/wiki/Maasai_language" title="Maasai language">Maa language</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Nilotic_languages" title="Nilotic languages">Nilotic language</a> which is also spoken by 22 other sub tribes of the Maa community commonly known as the <a href="/wiki/Maasai_people" title="Maasai people">Maasai</a>. Some <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (December 2020)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> suggest that the Samburu are a distinct tribe separate from the Maasai, a view that <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view"><span title="This statement is possibly biased. (December 2020)">neutrality</span></a> is <a href="/wiki/Talk:Samburu_people" title="Talk:Samburu people">disputed</a></i>]</sup> some Samburu people accept today.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Samburu_National_Reserve" title="Samburu National Reserve">Samburu National Reserve</a> is one of the well known wildlife conservation areas in Kenya. Within the Maa community of Kenya and Tanzania, the Samburu sub-tribe is the third largest, following the Kisonko (Isikirari) of Tanzania and Purko of Kenya and Tanzania. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samburu_people&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Woto</b> (sometimes Otto,<sup id="cite_ref-Eden_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eden-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> *Do, To and Do) is a location which Samburu consider to be their homeland. Woto means north in <a href="/wiki/Samburu_language" title="Samburu language">Samburu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The exact location is unknown. It has generally been identified as being north of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Turkana" title="Lake Turkana">Lake Turkana</a> and has been postulated to be somewhere in southern <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Eden_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eden-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cultural_connections">Cultural connections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samburu_people&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cultural connections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Nandi_people" title="Nandi people">Nandi</a> have a tradition that the first man who practiced <a href="/wiki/Circumcision" title="Circumcision">circumcision</a> in Nandi is said to have been one Kipkenyo who came from a country called Do<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (in other accounts To, indicating the intervocalic Kalenjin *d sound – closest pronunciation Tto). </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The story goes that Kipkenyo had a number of brothers and sisters who all died when they reached puberty, so Kipkenyo decided when he had a number of children of his own to 'change' them all at this age. He therefore circumcised them, and as none of his children died, the Nandi followed his example, with the result that circumcision became general. </p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Hollis, A. C., The Nandi - Their Language and Folklore, 1909</cite></div></blockquote> <p>This corresponds with linguistic studies which indicate significant cultural transfer between Southern <a href="/wiki/Nilotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Nilotes">Nilotes</a> and Eastern <a href="/wiki/Cushitic_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Cushitic peoples">Cushites</a> during a time of intensive interaction prior to Southern Nilotic settlement in western Kenya.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samburu_people&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SamburuWarriors.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/SamburuWarriors.jpg/220px-SamburuWarriors.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/SamburuWarriors.jpg/330px-SamburuWarriors.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/SamburuWarriors.jpg/440px-SamburuWarriors.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1363" data-file-height="1079" /></a><figcaption>Samburu warriors near <a href="/wiki/Lake_Turkana" title="Lake Turkana">Lake Turkana</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Social_organization">Social organization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samburu_people&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Social organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Samburu are a <a href="/wiki/Gerontocracy" title="Gerontocracy">gerontocracy</a>. The power of elders is linked to the belief in their curse, underpinning their monopoly over arranging marriages and taking on further wives. This is at the expense of unmarried younger men, whose development up to the age of thirty is in a state of social suspension, prolonging their adolescent status.<sup id="cite_ref-Spencer1965_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spencer1965-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clothing">Clothing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samburu_people&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Clothing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kenya%27s_Samburu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Kenya%27s_Samburu.jpg/170px-Kenya%27s_Samburu.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Kenya%27s_Samburu.jpg/255px-Kenya%27s_Samburu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Kenya%27s_Samburu.jpg/340px-Kenya%27s_Samburu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="1076" /></a><figcaption>Samburu chief</figcaption></figure> <p>Traditionally, Samburu men wear a cloth which is often pink or black and is wrapped around their waist. They adorn themselves with necklaces, bracelets and anklets, like other sub tribes of the Maasai community. Members of the moran age grade (i.e. "warriors") typically wear their hair in long braids, which they shave off when they become elders. It may be colored using red ochre. Their bodies are sometimes decorated with ochre, as well. Women wear two pieces of blue or purple cloth, one piece wrapped around the waist, the second wrapped over the chest. Women keep their hair shaved and wear numerous necklaces and bracelets. In the past decade, clothing styles have changed. Some men may wear the 1980s-90s style of red tartan cloth or they may wear a dark green/blue plaid cloth around their waists called 'kikoi', often with shorts underneath. Marani (Lmuran)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (warriors) wear a cloth that may be floral or pastel. Some women still wear two pieces of blue or red cloth, but it has become fashionable to wear cloths with animal or floral patterns in deep colors. Women may also often wear small tank tops with their cloths, and plaid skirts have also become common.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Food_and_society">Food and society</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samburu_people&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Food and society"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Samburu_fire.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Samburu_fire.jpg/220px-Samburu_fire.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Samburu_fire.jpg/330px-Samburu_fire.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Samburu_fire.jpg/440px-Samburu_fire.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1112" data-file-height="830" /></a><figcaption>Samburu men lighting a fire</figcaption></figure> <p>Traditionally, Samburu relied almost solely on their herds, although trade with their agricultural neighbors and use of wild foods were also important.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before the colonial period, cow, goat, and sheep milk was the daily staple. Oral and documentary evidence suggests that small stock were significant to the diet and economy at least from the eighteenth century forward. In the twenty-first century, cattle and small stock continue to be essential to the Samburu economy and social system. Milk is still a valued part of Samburu contemporary diet when available, and may be drunk either fresh, or fermented; "ripened" milk is often considered superior. Meat from cattle is eaten mainly on ceremonial occasions, or when a cow happens to die. Meat from small stock is eaten more commonly, though still not on a regular basis. Today Samburu rely increasingly on purchased agricultural products— with money acquired mainly from livestock sales— and most commonly maize meal is made into a porridge.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tea is also very common, taken with large quantities of sugar and (when possible) much milk, and is a staple of contemporary Samburu diet.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Blood is both taken from living animals, and collected from slaughtered ones. There are at least thirteen ways that blood can be prepared, and may form a whole meal. Some Samburu have turned to agriculture, with varying results. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Circumcision">Circumcision</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samburu_people&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Circumcision"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Samburu practice both <a href="/wiki/Circumsision" class="mw-redirect" title="Circumsision">circumsision</a> and <a href="/wiki/Female_genital_mutilation" title="Female genital mutilation">female genital mutilation</a>, which is illegal in Kenya. Boys get circumcised in their teenage years, and most girls are subjected to genital cutting before marriage. Girls who have not yet undergone female circumcision are at risk of being <a href="/wiki/Raped" class="mw-redirect" title="Raped">raped</a> as part of a practice referred to as "beading", and are not allowed to have children.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samburu_people&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Samburu religion traditionally focuses on their multi-faceted divinity (<i>Nkai</i>). Nkai (a feminine noun), plays an active role in the lives of contemporary Samburu. It is not uncommon for children and young people, especially women, to report visions of Nkai. Some of these children prophesy for some period of time and a few gain a reputation for prophecy throughout their lives. Besides these spontaneous prophets, Samburu have ritual diviners, or <a href="/wiki/Shamanism" title="Shamanism">shamans</a>, called '<i>loibonok</i>' who divine the causes of individual illnesses and misfortune, and guide warriors.<sup id="cite_ref-Straight2007_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Straight2007-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Samburu believe that Nkai is the source of all protection from the hazards of their existence. But Nkai also inflicts punishment if an elder curses a junior for some show of disrespect. The elder’s anger is seen as an appeal to Nkai, and it is Nkai who decides if the curse is justified. Faced with misfortune and following some show of disrespect towards an older man, the victim should approach his senior and offer reparation in return for his blessing. This calms the elder's anger and restores Nkai’s protection.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is, however, uncommon for an elder to curse a junior. Curses are reserved for cases of extreme disrespect.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many Samburu have become Christians.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_Western_popular_culture">In Western popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samburu_people&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: In Western popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Samburu have been widely portrayed in popular culture, ranging from Hollywood movies, major television commercials, and mainstream journalism. Such portrayals make use of Samburu’s colorful cultural traditions, but sometimes at the expense of accuracy. One of the earlier film appearances by Samburu was in the 1953 John Ford classic <i><a href="/wiki/Mogambo" title="Mogambo">Mogambo</a></i>, in which they served as background for stars such as Clark Gable, Grace Kelly and Ava Gardner.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1990s, 300 Samburu traveled to South Africa to play opposite Kevin Bacon in the basketball comedy <i>The Air Up There</i>, in which Samburu are portrayed as a group called “The Winabi” whose prince is a potential hoops star who would propel Bacon to a college head coaching job. Samburu extras were used to portray members of the closely related, but better known, Maasai ethnic group as in the film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ghost_and_the_Darkness" title="The Ghost and the Darkness">The Ghost and the Darkness</a></i>, starring Michael Douglas and Val Kilmer.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2005 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_White_Masai_(film)" title="The White Masai (film)">The White Masai</a></i>— about a Swiss woman falling in love with a Samburu man— similarly conflates the two ethnic groups, mainly because the authors and directors believed that no one would have heard of Samburu. </p><p>Dancing Samburu were included in a MasterCard commercial. Samburu runners were famously portrayed in a late 1980s Nike commercial, in which a Samburu man's words were translated into English as the Nike slogan “Just Do It.” This was corrected by anthropologist Lee Cronk, who seeing the commercial alerted Nike and the media that the Samburu man was saying “I don’t want these. Give me big shoes.” Nike, in explaining the error, admitted to having improvised the dialogue and stated “we thought nobody in America would know what he said."<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A tribe in season 3 of the U.S. reality television series <i><a href="/wiki/Survivor:_Africa" title="Survivor: Africa">Survivor</a>,</i> which was filmed in Kenya in 2001, was named Samburu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recent_conflicts">Recent conflicts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samburu_people&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Recent conflicts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a 2009 article MSNBC took readers on a tour through places purported to be in <a href="/wiki/Samburu_County" title="Samburu County">Samburu County</a>, while asserting that conflicts between Samburu and the neighboring <a href="/wiki/Pokot_people" title="Pokot people">Pokot people</a> was the result of both sides starving because they had more cattle than the rangelands could support.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Armed conflict between the Samburu and Pokot tribes has escalated since 2010 and it is almost entirely centered upon the declining pastures available for increasing cattle herd sizes, numbering now as many as 1,500 cattle in a single herd. With the recurrent droughts since 2010, and catastrophic drought of 2017, the battles for pasture have led to both sides invading the private ranches and nature conservancies of <a href="/wiki/Laikipia_County" title="Laikipia County">Laikipia County</a>. The armed conflict was incited by politicians who use it to improve their credentials among pastoralist communities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samburu_people&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natural_Justice:_Lawyers_for_Communities_and_the_Environment" title="Natural Justice: Lawyers for Communities and the Environment">Natural Justice: Lawyers for Communities and the Environment</a> (South Africa)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samburu_Project" title="Samburu Project">Samburu Project</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samburu_people&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Census2019-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Census2019_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.knbs.or.ke/?wpdmpro=2019-kenya-population-and-housing-census-volume-iv-distribution-of-population-by-socio-economic-characteristics&wpdmdl=5730&ind=7HRl6KateNzKXCJaxxaHSh1qe6C1M6VHznmVmKGBKgO5qIMXjby1XHM2u_swXdiR">"2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Volume IV: Distribution of Population by Socio-Economic Characteristics"</a>. <i>Kenya National Bureau of Statistics</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kenya+National+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft.atitle=2019+Kenya+Population+and+Housing+Census+Volume+IV%3A+Distribution+of+Population+by+Socio-Economic+Characteristics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.knbs.or.ke%2F%3Fwpdmpro%3D2019-kenya-population-and-housing-census-volume-iv-distribution-of-population-by-socio-economic-characteristics%26wpdmdl%3D5730%26ind%3D7HRl6KateNzKXCJaxxaHSh1qe6C1M6VHznmVmKGBKgO5qIMXjby1XHM2u_swXdiR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamburu+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eden-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Eden_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Eden_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.medianorth.co.ke/where-is-the-samburus-original-home-garden-of-eden/">Where is The Samburu’s Original Home? “GARDEN OF EDEN”</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Our Samburu, Samburu La <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oursamburu.weebly.com/history--facts.html">online</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Hollis, A. C., The Nandi - Their Language hello and Folklore, Oxford, 1909</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ehret, Christopher. An African Classical Age: Eastern & Southern Africa in World History 1000 B.C. to A.D.400. University of Virginia, 1998, p.179</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Spencer1965-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Spencer1965_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Spencer, Paul, 1965, <i>The Samburu: a study of gerontocracy in a nomadic tribe</i>, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London. Spencer, Paul, 1973, <i>Nomads in Alliance: Symbiosis and Growth among the Rendille and Samburu of Kenya</i>, Oxford University Press, London.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Plural of moran, as written by the Samburu people. Lesas, David Ltadale, 2014, Member of the Lmasula(Iltarrosero)clan of the Samburu sub tribe</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Straight, Bilinda. 2005. Cutting Time: Beads, Sex, and Songs in the Making of Samburu Maasai Memory. Pp. 267-283 In The Qualities of Time: Temporal Dimensions of Social Form and Human Experience. Wendy James and David Mills (eds.). ASA Monograph Series, Berg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.bergpublishers.com/?tabid=717">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sobania, Neal. 1980. The Historical Tradition of the Peoples of the Eastern Lake Turkana Basin c. 1840-1925. Ph.D. Dissertation, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sobania, Neal. 1988. Herders: Subsistence, Survival and Cultural Change in Northern Kenya. The Journal of African History 29(1): 14-40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sobania, Neal. 1991. Feasts, Famines and Friends: Nineteenth Century Exchange and Ethnicity in the Eastern Lake Turkana Region. Pp. 118-142 In John G. Galaty and Pierre Bonte (eds.) Herders, Warriors, and Traders: Pastoralism in Africa. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Holtzman, Jon. 2009. Uncertain Tastes: Memory, Ambivalence, and the Politics of Eating in Samburu, Northern Kenya. Berkeley: University of California Press <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/0520257375">[2]</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Holtzman, Jon. 2003. “In a Cup of Tea: Commodities and History Among Samburu Pastoralists in Northern Kenya.” American Ethnologist 30: 136-59</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://changeinsights.wordpress.com/2012/05/14/samburu-rites-of-passage-beading-female-and-male-circumcision/">"Samburu Rites of Passage: Beading, Female and Male Circumcision"</a>. <i>Change Insights</i>. 2012-05-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-07-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Change+Insights&rft.atitle=Samburu+Rites+of+Passage%3A+Beading%2C+Female+and+Male+Circumcision&rft.date=2012-05-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchangeinsights.wordpress.com%2F2012%2F05%2F14%2Fsamburu-rites-of-passage-beading-female-and-male-circumcision%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamburu+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_McKenzie2011" class="citation web cs1">David McKenzie (2011-05-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/05/11/kenya.children.beading/index.html">"Activist battles Kenyan tradition of rape 'beading'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Activist+battles+Kenyan+tradition+of+rape+%27beading%27&rft.date=2011-05-11&rft.au=David+McKenzie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2011%2FWORLD%2Fafrica%2F05%2F11%2Fkenya.children.beading%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamburu+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Straight2007-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Straight2007_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Straight, Bilinda. 2007. Miracles and Extraordinary Experience in Northern Kenya. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/0812220927">[3]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Spencer, Paul, 2003, <i>Time, Space, and the Unknown: Maasai Configurations of Power and Providence.</i> Routledge, London. (pp.67-97, “Providence and the Cosmology of Misfortune.”)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lesas, David Ltadale, 2014, member of the Lmasula clan of the Samburu.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chenevix-Trench, Charles 1993 The Men Who Ruled Kenya. London: I.B. Taurus.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Askew, Kelly 2004. "Striking Samburu and a Mad Cow: Adventures in Anthropollywood." Pp.31-68 in Off Stage/On Display: Intimacy and Ethnography in the Age of Public Culture, edited by Andrew Shryock. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1989/02/15/opinion/topics-of-the-times-if-the-shoe-doesn-t-fit.html">"Opinion | TOPICS OF THE TIMES; If the Shoe Doesn't Fit"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 1989-02-15. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-02-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Opinion+%7C+TOPICS+OF+THE+TIMES%3B+If+the+Shoe+Doesn%27t+Fit&rft.date=1989-02-15&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1989%2F02%2F15%2Fopinion%2Ftopics-of-the-times-if-the-shoe-doesn-t-fit.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamburu+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120319212028/http://worldblog.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2009/12/09/4376057-kenyans-battle-for-resources-with-guns-and-swords">"World Blog - Kenyans battle for resources with guns and swords"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldblog.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2009/12/09/4376057-kenyans-battle-for-resources-with-guns-and-swords">the original</a> on 2012-03-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-05-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Blog+-+Kenyans+battle+for+resources+with+guns+and+swords&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldblog.msnbc.msn.com%2F_news%2F2009%2F12%2F09%2F4376057-kenyans-battle-for-resources-with-guns-and-swords&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamburu+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Additional_reading">Additional reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samburu_people&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Additional reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Nigel Pavitt, "Samburu", <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85626-429-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-85626-429-7">1-85626-429-7</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samburu_people&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Scholia_logo.svg/60px-Scholia_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Scholia_logo.svg/80px-Scholia_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="107" data-file-height="104" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Scholia" class="extiw" title="d:Wikidata:Scholia">Scholia</a> has a <i>topic</i> profile for <i><b><a href="https://iw.toolforge.org/scholia/topic/Q1261878" class="extiw" title="toolforge:scholia/topic/Q1261878">Samburu people</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.africanholocaust.net/peopleofafrica.htm">PEOPLE OF AFRICA</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethnic_groups_in_Kenya_(by_linguistic_origin)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Kenya" title="Template:Ethnic groups in Kenya"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethnic_groups_in_Kenya" title="Template talk:Ethnic groups in Kenya"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Kenya" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic groups in Kenya"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ethnic_groups_in_Kenya_(by_linguistic_origin)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Kenya#Ethnic_groups" title="Demographics of Kenya">Ethnic groups in Kenya</a> <small>(by linguistic origin)</small></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Niger%E2%80%93Congo_languages" title="Niger–Congo languages">Niger–Congo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agumba_people" title="Agumba people">Agumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bajuni_people" title="Bajuni people">Bajuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chonyi_people" title="Chonyi people">Chonyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digo_people" title="Digo people">Digo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embu_people" title="Embu people">Embu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giriama_people" title="Giriama people">Giriama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jibana_people" title="Jibana people">Jibana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamba_people" title="Kamba people">Kamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kikuyu_people" title="Kikuyu people">Kikuyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kisii_people" title="Kisii people">Kisii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuria_people" title="Kuria people">Kuria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhya_people" title="Luhya people">Luhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbeere_people" title="Mbeere people">Mbeere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meru_people" title="Meru people">Meru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mijikenda_peoples" title="Mijikenda peoples">Mijikenda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pokomo_people" title="Pokomo people">Pokomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suba_people_(Kenya)" title="Suba people (Kenya)">Suba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swahili_people" title="Swahili people">Swahili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taita_people" title="Taita people">Taita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taveta_people" title="Taveta people">Taveta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nilo-Saharan_languages" title="Nilo-Saharan languages">Nilo-Saharan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ariaal_people" title="Ariaal people">Ariaal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ateker_peoples" title="Ateker peoples">Ateker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camus_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Camus people">Camus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalenjin_people" title="Kalenjin people">Kalenjin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Samburu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kore_people" title="Kore people">Kore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_people" title="Luo people">Luo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maasai_people" title="Maasai people">Maasai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okiek_people" title="Okiek people">Okiek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teso_people" title="Teso people">Teso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkana_people" title="Turkana people">Turkana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afroasiatic_languages" title="Afroasiatic languages">Afroasiatic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aweer_people" title="Aweer people">Aweer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borana_Oromo_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Borana Oromo people">Borana Oromo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daasanach_people" title="Daasanach people">Daasanach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Molo_people" title="El Molo people">El Molo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabra_people" title="Gabra people">Gabra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orma_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Orma people">Orma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rendille_people" title="Rendille people">Rendille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalis_in_Kenya" title="Somalis in Kenya">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waata" title="Waata">Waata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaaku_people" title="Yaaku people">Yaaku</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_South_Asia" title="Languages of South Asia">Asian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_Kenya" title="Chinese people in Kenya">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indians_in_Kenya" title="Indians in Kenya">Indian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Europe" title="Languages of Europe">European</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_people_in_Kenya" title="White people in Kenya">European</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.knbs.or.ke/censusethnic.php">Population and Housing Census - Ethnic Affiliation</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1261878#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1261878#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1261878#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4105272-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85117018">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11971626w">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11971626w">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007553577905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027737411">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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