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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Malware agent</div> <p><b>Cyberweapons</b> are commonly defined as <a href="/wiki/Malware" title="Malware">malware</a> agents employed for <a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">military</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paramilitary" title="Paramilitary">paramilitary</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">intelligence</a> objectives as part of a <a href="/wiki/Cyberattack" title="Cyberattack">cyberattack</a>. This includes computer <a href="/wiki/Computer_virus" title="Computer virus">viruses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trojan_horse_(computing)" title="Trojan horse (computing)">trojans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spyware" title="Spyware">spyware</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Computer_worm" title="Computer worm">worms</a> that can introduce malicious code into existing software, causing a computer to perform actions or processes unintended by its operator. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyberweapon&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A cyberweapon is usually sponsored or employed by a <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">state</a> or <a href="/wiki/Non-state_actor" title="Non-state actor">non-state actor</a>, meets an objective that would otherwise require <a href="/wiki/Espionage" title="Espionage">espionage</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Use_of_force" title="Use of force">use of force</a>, and is employed against specific targets. A cyberweapon performs an action that would normally require a <a href="/wiki/Soldier" title="Soldier">soldier</a> or <a href="/wiki/Spy" class="mw-redirect" title="Spy">spy</a>, and which would be considered either illegal or an <a href="/wiki/Act_of_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Act of war">act of war</a> if performed directly by a human agent of the sponsor during peacetime. Legal issues include violating the <a href="/wiki/Privacy" title="Privacy">privacy</a> of the target and the <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereignty</a> of its host nation.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Example of such actions are <a href="/wiki/Surveillance" title="Surveillance">surveillance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Data_theft" title="Data theft">data theft</a> and electronic or physical destruction. While a cyberweapon almost certainly results in either direct or indirect financial damages to the target group, direct financial gains for the sponsor are not a primary objective of this class of agent. Often cyberweapons are associated with causing physical or functional harm to the system which it attacks, despite being software.<sup id="cite_ref-:224_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:224-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, there is no consensus on what officially constitutes a cyberweapon.<sup id="cite_ref-:224_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:224-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Unlike malware used by <a href="/wiki/Script_kiddie" title="Script kiddie">script kiddies</a> to organize <a href="/wiki/Botnet" title="Botnet">botnets</a>, where the ownership, physical location, and normal role of the machines attacked is largely irrelevant, cyberweapons show high <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/selectivity" class="extiw" title="wikt:selectivity">selectivity</a> in either or both of their employment and their operation. Before the attack, cyberweapons usually identify the target using different methods.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Likewise, malware employed by <a href="/wiki/Fraud" title="Fraud">fraudsters</a> for the theft of personal or financial information demonstrates lower selectivity and wider distribution. </p><p>Cyberweapons are dangerous for multiple reasons. They are typically difficult to track or defend against due to their lack of physical components.<sup id="cite_ref-:224_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:224-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their anonymity allows them to hide in systems undetected until their attack is unleashed.<sup id="cite_ref-:42_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:42-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of these attacks exploit "<a href="/wiki/Zero-day_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zero-day (computing)">zero days</a>" (vulnerabilities in software that companies have zero days to fix).<sup id="cite_ref-:42_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:42-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are also significantly cheaper to produce than cyber defenses to protect against them.<sup id="cite_ref-:42_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:42-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oftentimes, cyberweapons from one force are obtained by an opposing force and are then repurposed to be used against the original force, as can be seen with the cyberweapons <a href="/wiki/WannaCry_ransomware_attack" title="WannaCry ransomware attack">WannaCry</a><sup id="cite_ref-:1223_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1223-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Petya_and_NotPetya" class="mw-redirect" title="Petya and NotPetya">NotPetya</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1323_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1323-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While the term <i>cyber weapon</i> is frequently used by the press,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> some articles avoid it, instead using terms such as "internet weapon", "hack", or "virus".<sup id="cite_ref-:4_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mainstream researchers debate the requirements of the term while still referring to the employment of the agent as a "weapon",<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the software development community in particular uses the term more rarely. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyberweapon&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following malware agents generally meet the criteria above, have been formally referred to in this manner by industry security experts, or have been described this way in government or military statements: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duqu" title="Duqu">Duqu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flame_(malware)" title="Flame (malware)">Flame (malware)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Cannon" title="Great Cannon">Great Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirai_(malware)" title="Mirai (malware)">Mirai (malware)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuxnet" title="Stuxnet">Stuxnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiper_(malware)" title="Wiper (malware)">Wiper (malware)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus_(spyware)" title="Pegasus (spyware)">Pegasus (spyware)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyberweapon&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cyberweapon&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2017</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Stuxnet" title="Stuxnet">Stuxnet</a> was among the first and one of the most influential cyberweapons.<sup id="cite_ref-:224_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:224-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:32_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:32-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, it was launched by the United States and Israel to attack Iranian nuclear facilities.<sup id="cite_ref-:32_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:32-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:82_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:82-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stuxnet is considered to be the first major cyberweapon.<sup id="cite_ref-:32_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:32-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stuxnet was also the first time a nation used a cyberweapon to attack another nation.<sup id="cite_ref-:92_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:92-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the Stuxnet attacks, Iran used cyberweapons to target top American financial institutions, including the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange" title="New York Stock Exchange">New York Stock Exchange</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:622_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:622-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Stuxnet was subsequently followed by <a href="/wiki/Duqu" title="Duqu">Duqu</a> in 2011 and <a href="/wiki/Flame_(malware)" title="Flame (malware)">Flame</a> in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-:32_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:32-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Flame's complexity was unmatched at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It used vulnerabilities in Microsoft Windows to spread.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It specifically targeted Iranian oil terminals.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017 <a href="/wiki/Data_breach" title="Data breach">data breaches</a> showed that supposedly secure hacking tools used by government agencies can be obtained − and sometimes exposed − by third parties. Furthermore, it was reported that after losing control of such tools the government appears to leave "exploits open to be re-used by scammers, criminals, or anyone else − for any purpose".<sup id="cite_ref-mb1_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mb1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Claudio Guarnieri, a technologist from <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> states: "what we learn from the disclosures and leaks of the last months is that unknown vulnerabilities are maintained secret even after they've been clearly lost, and that is plain irresponsible and unacceptable".<sup id="cite_ref-mb1_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mb1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also in that year <a href="/wiki/WikiLeaks" title="WikiLeaks">WikiLeaks</a> released the <a href="/wiki/Vault_7" title="Vault 7">Vault 7</a> documents series that contain details of CIA exploits and tools with <a href="/wiki/Julian_Assange" title="Julian Assange">Julian Assange</a> stating that they are working to "disarm" them before publication.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Disarmament of cyber weapons may come in the form of contacting respective software vendors with information of vulnerabilities in their products as well as potential help with or autonomous development (for <a href="/wiki/Open_source_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Open source software">open source software</a>) of <a href="/wiki/Patch_(computing)" title="Patch (computing)">patches</a>. The exploitation of hacking tools by third parties has particularly affected the United States National Security Agency (NSA). In 2016, information about NSA hacking tools was captured by a Chinese hacking group, ATP3, that allowed them to reverse engineer their own version of the tool. It was subsequently used against European and Asian nations, though the United States was not targeted.<sup id="cite_ref-:102_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:102-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:02_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later that year, an anonymous group called the "<a href="/wiki/The_Shadow_Brokers" title="The Shadow Brokers">Shadow Brokers</a>" leaked what are widely believed to be NSA tools online.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:112_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:112-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These two groups are not known to be affiliated, and ATP3 had access to the tools at least a year before the Shadow Brokers leak.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The leaked tools were developed by the <a href="/wiki/Equation_Group" title="Equation Group">Equation Group</a>, a cyberwarfare group with suspected ties to the NSA.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among the tools leaked by the Shadow Brokers was <a href="/wiki/EternalBlue" title="EternalBlue">EternalBlue</a>, which the NSA had used to exploit bugs in Microsoft Windows.<sup id="cite_ref-:1223_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1223-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This prompted Microsoft to issue updates to guard against the tool.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the Shadow Brokers publicly released EternalBlue, it was quickly used by North Korean and Russian hackers, who formed it into the ransomware <a href="/wiki/WannaCry_ransomware_attack" title="WannaCry ransomware attack">WannaCry</a><sup id="cite_ref-:1223_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1223-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Petya_and_NotPetya" class="mw-redirect" title="Petya and NotPetya">NotPetya</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:1323_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1323-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> respectively. NotPetya, which was initially launched in Ukraine but subsequently spread around the world, encrypted hard drives and forced users to pay a ransom fee for their data, despite never actually giving the data back.<sup id="cite_ref-:1323_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1323-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2018, the United States Department of Defense officially confirmed that the United States uses cyberweapons to advance national interests.<sup id="cite_ref-:622_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:622-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Potential_Regulations">Potential Regulations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyberweapon&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Potential Regulations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While there has been no full regulation of cyberweapons, possible systems of regulation have been proposed.<sup id="cite_ref-:224_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:224-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One system would have cyberweapons, when not being used by a state, subject to criminal law of the country and, when being used by a state, subject to international laws on warfare.<sup id="cite_ref-:224_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:224-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most proposed systems rely on international law and enforcement to stop the inappropriate use of cyberweaponry.<sup id="cite_ref-:224_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:224-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Considering the novelty of the weapons, there has also been discussion about how previously existing laws, not designed with cyberweapons in mind, apply to them.<sup id="cite_ref-:224_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:224-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyberweapon&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyber-arms_industry" title="Cyber-arms industry">Cyber-arms industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberattack" title="Cyberattack">Cyberattack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberwarfare" title="Cyberwarfare">Cyberwarfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploit_(computer_security)" title="Exploit (computer security)">Exploit (computer security)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cyber_warfare_forces" title="List of cyber warfare forces">List of cyber warfare forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proactive_cyber_defence" title="Proactive cyber defence">Proactive cyber defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero-day_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zero-day (computing)">Zero-day (computing)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyberweapon&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDownes2018" class="citation journal cs1">Downes, Cathy (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/26427378">"Strategic Blind–Spots on Cyber Threats, Vectors and Campaigns"</a>. <i>The Cyber Defense Review</i>. <b>3</b> (1): 79–104. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2474-2120">2474-2120</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/26427378">26427378</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cyber+Defense+Review&rft.atitle=Strategic+Blind%E2%80%93Spots+on+Cyber+Threats%2C+Vectors+and+Campaigns&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=79-104&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F26427378%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=2474-2120&rft.aulast=Downes&rft.aufirst=Cathy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F26427378&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACyberweapon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:224-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:224_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:224_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:224_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:224_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:224_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:224_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-05-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=How+Chinese+Spies+Got+the+N.S.A.%27s+Hacking+Tools%2C+and+Used+Them+for+Attacks&rft.date=2019-05-06&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Perlroth&rft.aufirst=Nicole&rft.au=Sanger%2C+David+E.&rft.au=Shane%2C+Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F05%2F06%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fchina-hacking-cyber.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACyberweapon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:02_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoffman" class="citation web cs1">Doffman, Zak. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/zakdoffman/2019/09/05/secret-chinese-hacking-group-set-traps-to-steal-nsa-cyberattack-tools-new-report/">"China Set Traps To Capture Dangerous NSA Cyberattack Weapons: New Report"</a>. <i>Forbes</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-05-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=China+Set+Traps+To+Capture+Dangerous+NSA+Cyberattack+Weapons%3A+New+Report&rft.aulast=Doffman&rft.aufirst=Zak&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fzakdoffman%2F2019%2F09%2F05%2Fsecret-chinese-hacking-group-set-traps-to-steal-nsa-cyberattack-tools-new-report%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACyberweapon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:112-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:112_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPagliery2016" class="citation web cs1">Pagliery, Jose (2016-08-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://money.cnn.com/2016/08/15/technology/nsa-spy-tools-stolen/index.html">"Hacker claims to be selling stolen NSA spy tools"</a>. <i>CNNMoney</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-05-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNNMoney&rft.atitle=Hacker+claims+to+be+selling+stolen+NSA+spy+tools&rft.date=2016-08-15&rft.aulast=Pagliery&rft.aufirst=Jose&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmoney.cnn.com%2F2016%2F08%2F15%2Ftechnology%2Fnsa-spy-tools-stolen%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACyberweapon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyberweapon&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Prashant Mali, Jan 2018 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.igi-global.com/article/defining-cyber-weapon-in-context-of-technology-and-law/198318">Defining Cyber Weapon in Context of Technology and Law</a></li> <li>Stefano Mele, Jun 2013, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161203170642/http://stefanomele.it/publications/dettaglio.asp?id=374">Cyber-Weapons: Legal and Strategic Aspects (version 2.0)</a></li> <li>Stefano Mele, 30 September 2010, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110323001651/http://www.stefanomele.it/publications/dettaglio.asp?id=185">Cyberwarfare and its damaging effects on citizens</a></li> <li>Michael Riley and <a href="/wiki/Ashlee_Vance" title="Ashlee Vance">Ashlee Vance</a>, 20 July 2011, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/bw/magazine/cyber-weapons-the-new-arms-race-07212011.html">Cyber Weapons: The New Arms Race</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Modern_weapons" title="Category:Modern weapons">Modern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_modern_warfare" title="Early modern warfare">Early Warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_weaponry_and_warfare" title="Napoleonic weaponry and warfare">Napoleonic Warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Indian_Wars_weapons" title="List of American Indian Wars weapons">American Indian Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_weapons_of_the_War_of_the_Pacific&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of weapons of the War of the Pacific (page does not exist)">War of the Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_weapons_in_the_Crimean_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of weapons in the Crimean War (page does not exist)">Crimean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_weapons_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="List of weapons in the American Civil War">American Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_weapons_of_the_War_of_the_Triple_Alliance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of weapons of the War of the Triple Alliance (page does not exist)">War of the Triple Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_weapons_of_the_Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="List of weapons of the Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_weapons_of_the_Mexican_Revolution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of weapons of the Mexican Revolution (page does not exist)">Mexican Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antique_firearms" title="Antique firearms">Antique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_firearms_before_the_20th_century" title="List of firearms before the 20th century">Pre-20th century firearms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Technology_during_World_War_I" title="Technology during World War I">World War I</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_weapons_in_World_War_I" title="Chemical weapons in World War I">Chemical</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_Australia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of Australia (page does not exist)">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_Austria-Hungary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of Austria-Hungary (page does not exist)">Austria-Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_Belgium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of Belgium (page does not exist)">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of Bulgaria (page does not exist)">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_Canada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of Canada (page does not exist)">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_France&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of France (page does not exist)">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_German_weapons_of_World_War_I" title="List of German weapons of World War I">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_equipment_of_the_Hellenic_Armed_Forces#Interwar_(1923–1939)_and_World_War_II_(1940–1945)" title="List of former equipment of the Hellenic Armed Forces">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_India&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of India (page does not exist)">India</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_Italy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of Italy (page does not exist)">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of Japan (page does not exist)">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_Montenegro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of Montenegro (page does not exist)">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of New Zealand (page does not exist)">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_Portugal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of Portugal (page does not exist)">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_military_equipment_of_World_War_I" title="Romanian military equipment of World War I">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of Russia (page does not exist)">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_Serbia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of Serbia (page does not exist)">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of Turkey (page does not exist)">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of the United Kingdom (page does not exist)">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_World_War_I_weapons_of_the_United_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of World War I weapons of the United States (page does not exist)">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_infantry_weapons_of_World_War_I" title="List of infantry weapons of World War I">Infantry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Interwar_period" title="Interwar period">Interwar period</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chaco_War_firearms" title="List of Chaco War firearms">Chaco War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_Civil_War_weapons_of_the_Nationalists" title="List of Spanish Civil War weapons of the Nationalists">Nationalist</a>/<a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_Civil_War_weapons_of_the_Republicans" title="List of Spanish Civil War weapons of the Republicans">Republican</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Weapons_of_the_Second_Sino-Japanese_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Weapons of the Second Sino-Japanese War (page does not exist)">Second Sino-Japanese War</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_infantry_weapons_used_in_the_Second-Sino_Japanese_War" title="List of Japanese infantry weapons used in the Second-Sino Japanese War">Japanese</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_National_Revolutionary_Army_infantry_weapons_used_in_the_Second-Sino_Japanese_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of National Revolutionary Army infantry weapons used in the Second-Sino Japanese War (page does not exist)">National Revolutionary Army</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_weapons" title="List of World War II weapons">World War II</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_military_equipment_of_World_War_II" title="List of Australian military equipment of World War II">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Austrian_military_equipment_of_World_War_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Austrian military equipment of World War II (page does not exist)">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Belgian_military_equipment_of_World_War_II" title="List of Belgian military equipment of World War II">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Brazilian_military_equipment_of_World_War_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Brazilian military equipment of World War II (page does not exist)">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bulgarian_military_equipment_of_World_War_II" title="List of Bulgarian military equipment of World War II">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_equipment_of_the_Canadian_Army_in_World_War_II" title="List of military equipment of the Canadian Army in World War II">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_military_equipment_in_World_War_II" title="List of Chinese military equipment in World War II">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Croatian_military_equipment_of_World_War_II" title="List of Croatian military equipment of World War II">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Czechoslovakian_military_equipment_of_World_War_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Czechoslovakian military equipment of World War II (page does not exist)">Czechoslovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Danish_military_equipment_of_World_War_II" title="List of Danish military equipment of World War II">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Finnish_military_equipment_of_World_War_II" title="List of Finnish military equipment of World War II">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_weapons_of_France" title="List of World War II weapons of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_German_military_equipment_of_World_War_II" title="List of German military equipment of World War II">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_equipment_of_the_Hellenic_Armed_Forces#Interwar_(1923–1939)_and_World_War_II_(1940–1945)" title="List of former equipment of the Hellenic Armed Forces">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hungarian_military_equipment_of_World_War_II" title="List of Hungarian military equipment of World War II">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_Army_equipment_in_World_War_II" title="List of Italian Army equipment in World War II">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_military_equipment_of_World_War_II" title="List of Japanese military equipment of World War II">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Mexican_military_equipment_of_World_War_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Mexican military equipment of World War II (page does not exist)">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Dutch_military_equipment_of_World_War_II" title="List of Dutch military equipment of World War II">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_New_Zealand_military_equipment_of_World_War_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of New Zealand military equipment of World War II (page does not exist)">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Norwegian_military_equipment_of_World_War_II" title="List of Norwegian military equipment of World War II">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_military_equipment_of_Poland" title="List of World War II military equipment of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romanian_military_equipment_of_World_War_II" title="List of Romanian military equipment of World War II">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Soviet_Union_military_equipment_of_World_War_II" title="List of Soviet Union military equipment of World War II">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Thailand_military_equipment_of_World_War_II" title="List of Thailand military equipment of World War II">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_weapons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of World War II weapons of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_weapons_of_the_United_States" title="List of World War II weapons of the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Yugoslav_military_equipment_of_World_War_II" title="List of Yugoslav military equipment of World War II">Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_infantry_weapons" title="List of World War II infantry weapons">Infantry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>First Indochina War</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Korean_War_weapons" title="List of Korean War weapons">Korean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapons_of_the_Vietnam_War" title="Weapons of the Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Weapons_of_the_Six-Day_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Weapons of the Six-Day War (page does not exist)">Six-Day War</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Weapons_of_the_Araguaia_Guerrilla_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Weapons of the Araguaia Guerrilla War (page does not exist)">Araguaia Guerilla War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_weapons_of_the_Portuguese_Colonial_War" title="List of weapons of the Portuguese Colonial War">Portuguese Colonial War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_weapons_of_the_Rhodesian_Bush_War" title="List of weapons of the Rhodesian Bush War">Rhodesian Bush War</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Weapons_of_the_South_African_Border_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Weapons of the South African Border War (page does not exist)">South African Border War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapons_of_the_Cambodian_Civil_War" title="Weapons of the Cambodian Civil War">Cambodian Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_military_equipment_of_Cambodian%E2%80%93Vietnamese_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List military equipment of Cambodian–Vietnamese War (page does not exist)">Cambodian–Vietnamese War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapons_of_the_Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Weapons of the Iran–Iraq War">Iran–Iraq War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapons_of_the_Laotian_Civil_War" title="Weapons of the Laotian Civil War">Laotian Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_weapons_of_the_Lebanese_Civil_War" title="List of weapons of the Lebanese Civil War">Lebanese Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Weapons_of_the_Dominican_Civil_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Weapons of the Dominican Civil War (page does not exist)">Dominican Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Weapons_of_the_Nicaraguan_Revolution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Weapons of the Nicaraguan Revolution (page does not exist)">Nicaraguan Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapons_of_the_Salvadoran_Civil_War" title="Weapons of the Salvadoran Civil War">Salvadoran Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_equipment_used_by_mujahideen_during_Soviet%E2%80%93Afghan_War" class="mw-redirect" title="List of military equipment used by mujahideen during Soviet–Afghan War">Soviet–Afghan War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Gulf_War_military_equipment" title="List of Gulf War military equipment">Gulf War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Post-Cold_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-Cold War">Post-Cold War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Yugoslav_Wars_military_equipment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Yugoslav Wars military equipment (page does not exist)">Yugoslav Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Afghanistan_War_military_equipment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Afghanistan War military equipment (page does not exist)">Afghanistan War</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Iraq_War_military_equipment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Iraq War military equipment (page does not exist)">Iraq War</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Russo-Georgian_War_military_equipment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Russo-Georgian War military equipment (page does not exist)">Russo-Georgian War</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Syrian_Civil_War_military_equipment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Syrian Civil War military equipment (page does not exist)">Syrian Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russo-Ukrainian_War_military_equipment" title="List of Russo-Ukrainian War military equipment">Russo-Ukrainian War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_weapons" title="List of aircraft weapons">Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_warfare" title="Amphibious warfare">Amphibious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancillary_weapon" title="Ancillary weapon">Ancillary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_warfare" title="Anti-aircraft warfare">Anti-aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-ballistic_weapon" title="Anti-ballistic weapon">Anti-ballistic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-personnel_weapon" title="Anti-personnel weapon">Anti-personnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_warfare" title="Anti-tank warfare">Anti-tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Area_denial_weapon" title="Area denial weapon">Area denial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">Artillery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biological_agent" title="Biological agent">Biological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blunt_instrument" title="Blunt instrument">Blunt instrument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_weapon" title="Ceremonial weapon">Ceremonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_weapon" title="Chemical weapon">Chemical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_weapon" title="Cold weapon">Cold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conventional_weapon" title="Conventional weapon">Conventional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crew-served_weapon" title="Crew-served weapon">Crew-served</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cyber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deadly_weapon" title="Deadly weapon">Deadly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directed-energy_weapon" title="Directed-energy weapon">Directed-energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explosive_weapon" title="Explosive weapon">Explosive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Depth_charge" title="Depth charge">Depth charge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bombs" title="List of bombs">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firearm" title="Firearm">Firearm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunting_weapon" title="Hunting weapon">Hunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Improvised_weapon" title="Improvised weapon">Improvised</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incendiary_device" title="Incendiary device">Incendiary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_weapons_and_tactics" title="Insurgency weapons and tactics">Insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_martial_arts_weapons" title="List of martial arts weapons">Martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapon_of_mass_destruction" title="Weapon of mass destruction">Mass destruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-lethal_weapon" title="Non-lethal weapon">Non-lethal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" title="Nuclear weapon">Nuclear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offensive_weapon" title="Offensive weapon">Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_pistol" title="Service pistol">Personal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pneumatic_weapon" title="Pneumatic weapon">Pneumatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_practice_weapons" title="List of practice weapons">Practice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranged_weapon" title="Ranged weapon">Ranged</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_weapon" title="Space weapon">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tectonic_weapon" title="Tectonic weapon">Tectonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo" title="Torpedo">Torpedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toy_gun" title="Toy gun">Toy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_vehicle" title="Military vehicle">Vehicle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Combat_vehicle" title="Combat vehicle">Combat</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arsenal" title="Arsenal">Arsenal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arms_industry" title="Arms industry">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapon_mount" title="Weapon mount">Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_ownership" title="Gun ownership">Civilian gun ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapons_in_science_fiction" title="Weapons in science fiction">Science fiction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" 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