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<div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Cum-încep-pe-Wikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Bun_venit"><span>Cum încep pe Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Cuprins" title="Locul în care găsiți ajutor"><span>Ajutor</span></a></li><li id="n-Portals" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:R%C4%83sfoire"><span>Portaluri tematice</span></a></li><li id="n-Articole-cerute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articole_cerute"><span>Articole cerute</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Pagina_principal%C4%83" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 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class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspect"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aspect" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aspect</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ro.wikipedia.org&uselang=ro" class=""><span>Donații</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%C3%8Enregistrare&returnto=Tosca" title="Vă încurajăm să vă creați un cont și să vă autentificați; totuși, nu este obligatoriu" class=""><span>Creare cont</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Autentificare&returnto=Tosca" title="Sunteți încurajat să vă autentificați, deși acest lucru nu este obligatoriu. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Autentificare</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out user-links-collapsible-item" title="Mai multe opțiuni" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Unelte personale" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Unelte personale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Meniul de utilizator" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ro.wikipedia.org&uselang=ro"><span>Donații</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%C3%8Enregistrare&returnto=Tosca" title="Vă încurajăm să vă creați un cont și să vă autentificați; totuși, nu este obligatoriu"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Creare cont</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Autentificare&returnto=Tosca" title="Sunteți încurajat să vă autentificați, deși acest lucru nu este obligatoriu. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Autentificare</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Cuprins" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cuprins</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Început</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Istoric" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istoric"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Istoric</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Istoric-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personaje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personaje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Personaje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personaje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Acțiunea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acțiunea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Acțiunea</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Acțiunea-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Acțiunea subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Acțiunea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Actul_I" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Actul_I"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Actul I</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Actul_I-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Actul_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Actul_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Actul II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Actul_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Actul_III" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Actul_III"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Actul III</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Actul_III-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Galerie_de_imagini" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Galerie_de_imagini"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Galerie de imagini</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Galerie_de_imagini-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referințe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referințe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referințe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referințe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vezi_și" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vezi_și"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Vezi și</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vezi_și-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Tosca</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 57 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">57 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca_(opera)" title="Tosca (opera) – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tosca (opera)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7" title="توسكا – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="توسكا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7" title="توسكا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="توسكا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toska" title="Toska – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Toska" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Тоска (опера) – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тоска (опера)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B1_(%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1)" title="Τόσκα (όπερα) – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τόσκα (όπερα)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca_(%C3%B3pera)" title="Tosca (ópera) – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tosca (ópera)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca_(opera)" title="Tosca (opera) – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tosca (opera)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7_(%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7)" title="توسکا (اپرا) – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="توسکا (اپرا)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca_(%C3%B3pera)" title="Tosca (ópera) – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tosca (ópera)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%94" title="טוסקה – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טוסקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Տոսկա – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տոսկա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca_(opera)" title="Tosca (opera) – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tosca (opera)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AB" title="トスカ – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トスカ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ტოსკა – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტოსკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EC%8A%A4%EC%B9%B4" title="토스카 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="토스카" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toska" title="Toska – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Toska" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Тоска (опера) – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тоска (опера)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Тоска – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Тоска" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Тоска (опера) – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тоска (опера)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca_(opera)" title="Tosca (opera) – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tosca (opera)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Тоска (опера) – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тоска (опера)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" title="ตอสกา – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ตอสกา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Тоска – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тоска" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca_(%C3%B2para)" title="Tosca (òpara) – venetă" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Tosca (òpara)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosca" title="Tosca – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tosca" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1" title="托斯卡 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="托斯卡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1" title="托斯卡 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="托斯卡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1" title="托斯卡 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="托斯卡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q192941#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tosca" title="Vedeți conținutul paginii [a]" accesskey="a"><span>Articol</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discu%C8%9Bie:Tosca" rel="discussion" title="Discuții despre această pagină [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discuție</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">română</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vizualizări"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tosca"><span>Lectură</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificare</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificare sursă</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=history" title="Versiunile anterioare ale paginii și autorii lor. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Unelte" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Unelte</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Unelte</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mai multe opțiuni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Acțiuni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tosca"><span>Lectură</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificare</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificare sursă</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=history"><span>Istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Ce_se_leag%C4%83_aici/Tosca" title="Lista tuturor paginilor wiki care conduc spre această pagină [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ce trimite aici</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Modific%C4%83ri_corelate/Tosca" rel="nofollow" title="Schimbări recente în legătură cu această pagină [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Schimbări corelate</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Trimite_fișier" title="Încărcare fișiere [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Trimite fișier</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&oldid=16651507" title="Legătură permanentă către această versiune a acestei pagini"><span>Legătură permanentă</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=info" title="Mai multe informații despre această pagină"><span>Informații despre pagină</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citeaz%C4%83&page=Tosca&id=16651507&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informații cu privire la modul de citare a acestei pagini"><span>Citează acest articol</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTosca"><span>Obține URL scurtat</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTosca"><span>Descărcați codul QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tipărire/exportare </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Carte&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Tosca"><span>Creare carte</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Tosca&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descărcare ca PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&printable=yes" title="Versiunea de tipărit a acestei pagini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versiune de tipărit</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> În alte proiecte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tosca" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q192941" title="Legătură către elementul asociat din depozitul de date [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspect"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspect</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><div role="note" class="dezambiguizare">Acest articol se referă la opera de Giacomo Puccini.  Pentru alte sensuri, vedeți <a href="/wiki/Tosca_(dezambiguizare)" class="mw-disambig" title="Tosca (dezambiguizare)">Tosca (dezambiguizare)</a>.</div> <table class="infocaseta"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="antet muzica" style="background-color:#EECCAA;color:#000000;">Tosca</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Puccini_Tosca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Puccini_Tosca.jpg/220px-Puccini_Tosca.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Puccini_Tosca.jpg/330px-Puccini_Tosca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Puccini_Tosca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="338" data-file-height="450" /></a></span><br /><div style="margin-top: 3px"></div><span>Afișul original al operei <i>Tosca</i> la premieră</span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Titlu original</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><span style="font-style:italic;">Tosca </span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Ciclul</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";">operă în trei acte</td></tr><tr><th style=";">Compozitorul</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini" title="Giacomo Puccini">Giacomo Puccini</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Libretul</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giuseppe_Giacosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giuseppe Giacosa — pagină inexistentă">Giuseppe Giacosa</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Illica" title="Luigi Illica">Luigi Illica</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Data premierei</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";">14 ianuarie 1900</td></tr><tr><th style=";">Locul premierei</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Teatro_Costanzi" class="mw-redirect" title="Teatro Costanzi">Teatro Costanzi</a> din <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a>, <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Italia"><img alt="Italia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/46px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Limba</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Limba_italian%C4%83" title="Limba italiană">italiană</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Durată</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";">circa 2 ore</td></tr><tr><th style=";">Locul acțiunii</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Timpul acțiunii</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";">în anul 1800</td></tr><tr><td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px ##EECCAA solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color:var(--color-base, #000); text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;">Modifică <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192941" class="extiw" title="d:Q192941">date</a> / <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=edit&section=0">text</a></span> <span title="Consultați documentația formatului"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format:Infocaseta_Oper%C4%83" title="Consultați documentația formatului"><img alt="Consultați documentația formatului" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/12px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/18px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/24px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16861271">.mw-parser-output .infocaseta{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:var(--color-base,#000)}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style> <p><b>Tosca</b> este o <a href="/wiki/Oper%C4%83" title="Operă">operă</a> în trei acte de <a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini" title="Giacomo Puccini">Giacomo Puccini</a>, al cărei libret a fost scris de <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Illica" title="Luigi Illica">Luigi Illica</a> și <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giuseppe_Giacosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giuseppe Giacosa — pagină inexistentă">Giuseppe Giacosa</a>, după piesa de teatru <i>La Tosca</i> din anul 1887 a dramaturgului <a href="/wiki/Victorien_Sardou" title="Victorien Sardou">Victorien Sardou</a>. </p><p>Premiera operei a avut loc pe <a href="/wiki/14_ianuarie" title="14 ianuarie">14 ianuarie</a> <a href="/wiki/1900" title="1900">1900</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Teatro_Costanzi" class="mw-redirect" title="Teatro Costanzi">Teatro Costanzi</a> din <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istoric">Istoric</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Istoric" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Istoric"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Piesa originală scrisă de <a href="/wiki/Victorien_Sardou" title="Victorien Sardou">Victorien Sardou</a> a fost produsă în 1887 la <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> și văzută de <a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini" title="Giacomo Puccini">Giacomo Puccini</a> în <a href="/wiki/Milano" title="Milano">Milano</a>, în 1887, cu Tosca jucată de <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Bernhardt" title="Sarah Bernhardt">Sarah Bernhardt</a>. Puccini a cerut editorului său, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giulio_Ricordi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giulio Ricordi — pagină inexistentă">Giulio Ricordi</a>, să cumpere imediat drepturile de la Sardou, dar acestea au fost cumpărate abia în <a href="/wiki/1893" title="1893">1893</a> pentru a fi date unui alt compozitor, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alberto_Franchetti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alberto Franchetti — pagină inexistentă">Alberto Franchetti</a>. Illica a scris libretul său și în octombrie <a href="/wiki/1894" title="1894">1894</a> Franchetti, Ricordi, Illica și <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Giuseppe Verdi</a> s-au întâlnit cu Sardou să-i prezinte libretul. Verdi a fost fascinat de această tragedie, dar a refuzat să compună muzica acestei tragedii dacă Sardou nu schimbă finalul. </p><p>După câteva luni, Franchetti a admis în cele din urmă că nu poate compune muzică pentru libretul inspirat de piesă, așa că Giulio Ricordi i-a cerut lui Puccini să compună. Puccini se simțea încă ofensat și doar intervenția lui Verdi l-a convins să accepte. A început să lucreze la piesă în 1896, după ce a terminat <i><a href="/wiki/Boema" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Boema">Boema</a></i>; Ricordi l-a pus pe Giusseppe Giacosa să lucreze cu Luigi Illica pentru libret, însă munca lui Giacosa nu l-a mulțumit pe Ricordi, iar Giacosa a avut mai multe dispute personale cu Sardou. Și Puccini a avut mai multe dispute cu Illica, Giacosa și Ricordi la un loc. Ei au propus un „Latin hymn” triumfal pentru Actul III, dar Puccini i-a convins în cele din urmă să-l reducă la cele optsprezece măsuri din <i>Trionfal... di nuova speme</i>. </p><p>În octombrie <a href="/wiki/1899" title="1899">1899</a>, după trei ani de colaborare dificilă, opera era gata. Fiindcă era o poveste despre Roma, s-a decis ca premiera să fie în cetatea eternă, la Teatrul Constanzi. O curiozitate notabilă a plutit în jurul acestei opere a cărei pregătire a fost atât de lungă și problematică. Tosca a fost soprana română <a href="/wiki/Hariclea_Darcl%C3%A9e" title="Hariclea Darclée">Hariclea Darclée</a>, Cavaradossi a fost tenorul Emilio De Marchi iar Scarpia a fost baritonul Eugenio Giraldoni. Dirijorul a fost <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leopoldo_Mugnone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leopoldo Mugnone — pagină inexistentă">Leopoldo Mugnone</a>. În public s-au aflat și Regina Margherita, prim-ministrul <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pelloux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pelloux — pagină inexistentă">Pelloux</a> și mulți compozitori, printre care Pietro Mascagni, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francesco_Cilea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francesco Cilea — pagină inexistentă">Francesco Cilea</a>, Franchetti și Sgambati. </p><p>Succesul a fost răsunător, chiar dacă diferența dintre atmosfera din Tosca și Boema a fost una surprinzătoare. </p><p><i>Tosca</i> a apărut pe locul 8 în lista celor mai jucate 20 de opere din America de Nord, într-un clasament realizat de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Opera_America&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opera America — pagină inexistentă">Opera America</a> <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personaje">Personaje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Personaje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Personaje"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Distribuția </th> <th>Tip de voce </th> <th>Premiera din 14 ianuarie 1900 <br />(dirijor, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leopoldo_Mugnone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leopoldo Mugnone — pagină inexistentă">Leopoldo Mugnone</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <td>Floria Tosca, <i>o cântăreață celebră</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sopran%C4%83" title="Soprană">soprană</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hariclea_Darcl%C3%A9e" title="Hariclea Darclée">Hariclea Darclée</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mario Cavaradossi, <i>un pictor</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tenor" title="Tenor">tenor</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emilio_de_Marchi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emilio de Marchi — pagină inexistentă">Emilio de Marchi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Baron Scarpia, <i>șeful poliției</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bariton" title="Bariton">bariton</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eugenio_Giraldoni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eugenio Giraldoni — pagină inexistentă">Eugenio Giraldoni</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cesare Angelotti, <i>fostul consul al Republicii Romane</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bas" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Bas">bas</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruggero_Galli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruggero Galli — pagină inexistentă">Ruggero Galli</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Un sacristan </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bas" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Bas">bas</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ettore_Borelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ettore Borelli — pagină inexistentă">Ettore Borelli</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spoletta, <i>un agent de poliție</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tenor" title="Tenor">tenor</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enrico_Giordano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enrico Giordano — pagină inexistentă">Enrico Giordano</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sciarrone, <i>un jandarm</i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bas" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Bas">bas</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aristide_Parassani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aristide Parassani — pagină inexistentă">Aristide Parassani</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Un gardian </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bas" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Bas">bas</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Un băiat de cioban </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alto" title="Alto">alto</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelo_Righi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angelo Righi — pagină inexistentă">Angelo Righi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><i>Soldați, agenți de poliție, nobili și femei, orășeni, artizani</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Acțiunea"><span id="Ac.C8.9Biunea"></span>Acțiunea</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Acțiunea" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Acțiunea"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Actul_I">Actul I</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Actul I" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Actul I"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cesare Angelotti, fostul Consul al Republicii Romane, evadat din închisoarea „Sant’Angello”, se ascunde în biserica „Sant'Andrea della Valle” din <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a>, într-o capelă a Marchizei Attavanti. Sacristanul intră în biserică pentru a curăța, urmat de pictorul Mario Cavaradossi, care lucrează la o frescă reprezentând-o pe <a href="/wiki/Maria_Magdalena" title="Maria Magdalena">Maria Magdalena</a>. Sacristanul este surprins de asemănarea dintre imaginea pictată și o fizionomie pe care o văzuse de curând. Când pictorul ramâne singur, Angelotti iese din ascunzătoare și recunoscând în Cavaradossi pe vechiul său prieten, îi cere sprijinul. Pictorul promite că-l va ajuta să fugă de Baronul Scarpia, care îl urmărea. Se aude vocea Floriei Tosca, iubita lui Mario, și Angelotti este nevoit din nou să se ascundă. Cu toate iscodirile acesteia, crezând că este înșelată de Mario, acesta nu-și trădează prietenul. Floria recunoaște asemănarea picturii cu Marchiza Attavanti și îsi manifestă gelozia. După plecarea ei, Angelotti reapare și își discută planul de fugă cu Mario, îmbrăcat în haine femeiești lăsate de Marchiză. O bubuitură de tun anunță descoperirea fugii lui Angelotti, cei doi grăbindu-se afară din biserică. Sacristanul se întoarce cu un grup de coriști pentru a celebra presupusa înfrângere a lui Napoleon la Marengo, dar sunt întrerupți de apariția lui Scarpia și a ajutorului său, Spoletta. Își face apariția și Tosca, Scarpia făcând-o să creadă că pictorul se întâlnise cu Marchiza Attavanti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Actul_II">Actul II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Actul II" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Actul II"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Scarpia așteaptă cu nerăbdare întoarcerea agenților sai. Prin fereastra apartamentului aude muzica serbării de la Palatul Farnese. Spoletta îi raportează că, deși au urmarit-o pe Tosca și au perchiziționat vila lui Cavaradossi, agenții de poliție nu au reușit să-l gasească pe Angelotti; de aceea l-au arestat pe Cavaradossi. Cu toate torturile la care este supus, Mario nu furnizează nici un amănunt. Tosca refuză și ea să răspundă întrebărilor lui Scarpia dar, auzind chinurile iubitului ei, cedează și dezvăluie locul unde s-a ascuns Angelotti. Este anunțată vestea victoriei lui Napoleon la Marengo. Scarpia ordonă încarcerarea lui Cavaradossi, care urmează să fie executat în zorii zilei pentru trădare. În zadar Tosca se roagă; Scarpia nu-l va ierta pe Mario decât în schimbul favorurilor ei. Tosca acceptă dupa ce obține o execuție simulată pentru iubitul ei și un permis de părăsire a Romei. În momentul în care Scarpia vrea s-o îmbrățișeze, Tosca îl ucide. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Actul_III">Actul III</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Actul III" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Actul III"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În zorii zilei, pe o terasă a castelului „Sant'Angello”, Mario își așteaptă execuția. Cu emoție, într-o ultimă scrisoare, evocă chipul iubitei sale. Aceasta sosește fericită că i-a obținut iertarea, după o execuție simulată. Vestea morții lui Scarpia îl face pe Mario să pășească fără teamă în fața plutonului de execuție, cu gândul că va putea pleca împreună cu persoana iubită. Plutonul îl ucide însa pe Mario, iar Tosca, disperată, se aruncă de pe platforma castelului, în abis. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Galerie_de_imagini">Galerie de imagini</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Galerie de imagini" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Galerie de imagini"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:CarusoTosca.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Enrico Caruso în rolul Cavaradossi (circa 1902 / 1908)"><img alt="Enrico Caruso în rolul Cavaradossi (circa 1902 / 1908)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/CarusoTosca.jpg/73px-CarusoTosca.jpg" decoding="async" width="73" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/CarusoTosca.jpg/109px-CarusoTosca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/CarusoTosca.jpg/146px-CarusoTosca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="1201" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Caruso" title="Enrico Caruso">Enrico Caruso</a> în rolul Cavaradossi (circa 1902 / 1908)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Angela_Gheorghiu_as_Floria_Tosca_at_San_Francisco_Opera,_November_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Angela Gheorghiu în rolul Floriei Tosca la Opera din San Francisco, noiembrie 2012."><img alt="Angela Gheorghiu în rolul Floriei Tosca la Opera din San Francisco, noiembrie 2012." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Angela_Gheorghiu_as_Floria_Tosca_at_San_Francisco_Opera%2C_November_2012.jpg/86px-Angela_Gheorghiu_as_Floria_Tosca_at_San_Francisco_Opera%2C_November_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Angela_Gheorghiu_as_Floria_Tosca_at_San_Francisco_Opera%2C_November_2012.jpg/129px-Angela_Gheorghiu_as_Floria_Tosca_at_San_Francisco_Opera%2C_November_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Angela_Gheorghiu_as_Floria_Tosca_at_San_Francisco_Opera%2C_November_2012.jpg/172px-Angela_Gheorghiu_as_Floria_Tosca_at_San_Francisco_Opera%2C_November_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="690" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Angela Gheorghiu în rolul Floriei Tosca la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Opera_din_San_Francisco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opera din San Francisco — pagină inexistentă">Opera din San Francisco</a>, noiembrie 2012.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referințe"><span id="Referin.C8.9Be"></span>Referințe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifică secțiunea: Referințe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Referințe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080213121237/http://www.operaamerica.org/audiences/learningcenter/cornerstones/index.shtml">„OPERA America's "The Top 20" list of most-performed operas”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.operaamerica.org/audiences/learningcenter/cornerstones/index.shtml">original</a> la <time datetime="2008-02-13">13 februarie 2008</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2007-09-03">3 septembrie 2007</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OPERA+America%27s+%22The+Top+20%22+list+of+most-performed+operas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.operaamerica.org%2Faudiences%2Flearningcenter%2Fcornerstones%2Findex.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ATosca" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifică secțiunea: Bibliografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Negrea, Nicolae. <i>CARTEA SPECTATORULUI DE OPERĂ</i>. București 1958: Editura Muzicală a Uniunii Compozitorilor din R.P.R. p. 442.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=CARTEA+SPECTATORULUI+DE+OPER%C4%82&rft.place=Bucure%C8%99ti+1958&rft.pages=442&rft.pub=Editura+Muzical%C4%83+a+Uniunii+Compozitorilor+din+R.P.R.&rft.aulast=Negrea&rft.aufirst=Nicolae&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ATosca" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" />;</li> <li>Grigore Constantinescu și Daniela Caraman-Fotea, <i>Ghid de operă</i>, București, 1971</li> <li>Ana Buga și Cristina Maria Sârbu, <i>4 secole de teatru muzical</i>, București, 1999</li> <li>Ioana Ștefănescu, <i>O istorie a muzicii universale</i>, Vol.IV, București, 2002</li> <li>Vandiver, Susan, <i>Tosca's Rome: The Play and the Opera in Historical Perspective</i>, Nicassio, The University of Chicago Press, 1999. <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0226579719" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-226-57971-9</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Vezi și"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oper%C4%83" title="Operă">Operă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operet%C4%83" title="Operetă">Operetă</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear:right;border:solid #aaa 1px;margin:0 0 1em 1em;font-size:90%;background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9f9);color:color:var(--color-base, #000);width:230px;padding:2px;spacing:2px;text-align:center;float:right"><div style="float:left;vertical-align:middle"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commons"><img alt="Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Commons</figcaption></figure></div><div style="margin-left:35px;line-height:normal;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> conține materiale multimedia legate de <span class="plainlinks"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tosca?uselang=ro"><i>Tosca</i></a></b></span></div></div> <ul><li><span style="border:solid 1px #44A; background-color:#EEF; font-family:monospace; color:#008; font-size:0.9em; padding:0px 4px 2px 4px; position:relative; bottom:0.2em; cursor:help;" title="Limba română">ro</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artline.ro/Tosca-16763-1-n.html">Tosca (acțiunea operei)</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Giacomo_Puccini_25px" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#ccccff"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Format:Giacomo_Puccini" title="Format:Giacomo Puccini"><abbr title="Vizualizează acest format" style=";background:#ccccff;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Giacomo_Puccini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:Giacomo Puccini — pagină inexistentă"><abbr title="Discută acest format" style=";background:#ccccff;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Giacomo_Puccini&action=edit"><abbr title="Modifică acest format" style=";background:#ccccff;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">m</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Giacomo_Puccini_25px" class="whiteText" style="font-size:100%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini" title="Giacomo Puccini">Giacomo Puccini</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Picto_infobox_music.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Picto_infobox_music.png/25px-Picto_infobox_music.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Picto_infobox_music.png/38px-Picto_infobox_music.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Picto_infobox_music.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ccccff">Opere</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Villi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Le Villi — pagină inexistentă">Le Villi</a></i> (1884)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edgar_(oper%C4%83)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edgar (operă) — pagină inexistentă">Edgar</a></i> (1889)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manon_Lescaut_(Puccini)" title="Manon Lescaut (Puccini)">Manon Lescaut</a></i> (1893)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Boema_(oper%C4%83)" title="Boema (operă)">Boema</a></i> (1896)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tosca</a></i> (1900)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Madama_Butterfly" title="Madama Butterfly">Cio-Cio-san</a></i> (1904)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_fanciulla_del_West&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La fanciulla del West — pagină inexistentă">La fanciulla del West</a></i> (1910)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_rondine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La rondine — pagină inexistentă">La rondine</a></i> (1917)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mantaua_(oper%C4%83)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mantaua (operă) — pagină inexistentă">Mantaua</a></i> (1918, Triptic: Il tabarro)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sora_Angelica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sora Angelica — pagină inexistentă">Sora Angelica</a></i> (1918, Triptic: Suor Angelica)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gianni_Schicchi" title="Gianni Schicchi">Gianni Schicchi</a></i> (1918, Triptic: Gianni Schicchi)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Turandot" class="mw-redirect" title="Turandot">Turandot</a></i> (1926)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:GiacomoPuccini.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/GiacomoPuccini.jpg/100px-GiacomoPuccini.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/GiacomoPuccini.jpg/150px-GiacomoPuccini.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/GiacomoPuccini.jpg/200px-GiacomoPuccini.jpg 2x" data-file-width="516" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ccccff">Arii</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>„<a href="/w/index.php?title=Torna_ai_felici_d%C3%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torna ai felici dì — pagină inexistentă">Torna ai felici dì</a>”</li> <li>„<a href="/w/index.php?title=Donna_non_vidi_mai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donna non vidi mai — pagină inexistentă">Donna non vidi mai</a>”</li> <li>„<a href="/w/index.php?title=Quando_me%27n_vo%27&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quando me'n vo' — pagină inexistentă">Quando me'n vo'</a>”</li> <li>„<a href="/w/index.php?title=E_lucevan_le_stelle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E lucevan le stelle — pagină inexistentă">E lucevan le stelle</a>”</li> <li>„<a href="/w/index.php?title=Recondita_armonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Recondita armonia — pagină inexistentă">Recondita armonia</a>”</li> <li>„<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vissi_d%27arte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vissi d'arte — pagină inexistentă">Vissi d'arte</a>”</li> <li>„<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ch%27ella_mi_creda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ch'ella mi creda — pagină inexistentă">Ch'ella mi creda</a>”</li> <li>„<a href="/w/index.php?title=O_mio_babbino_caro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="O mio babbino caro — pagină inexistentă">O mio babbino caro</a>”</li> <li>„<a href="/w/index.php?title=In_questa_reggia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="In questa reggia — pagină inexistentă">In questa reggia</a>”</li> <li>„<a href="/wiki/Nessun_dorma" title="Nessun dorma">Nessun dorma</a>”</li> <li>„<a href="/w/index.php?title=Non_piangere,_Li%C3%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Non piangere, Liù — pagină inexistentă">Non piangere, Liù</a>”</li> <li>„<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tu_che_di_gel_sei_cinta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tu che di gel sei cinta — pagină inexistentă">Tu che di gel sei cinta</a>”</li> <li>„<a href="/w/index.php?title=Signore,_ascolta!&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Signore, ascolta! — pagină inexistentă">Signore, ascolta!</a>”</li> <li>„<a href="/w/index.php?title=O_soave_fanciulla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="O soave fanciulla — pagină inexistentă">O soave fanciulla</a>”</li> <li>„<a href="/w/index.php?title=Che_gelida_manina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Che gelida manina — pagină inexistentă">Che gelida manina</a>”</li> <li>„<a href="/w/index.php?title=Un_bel_d%C3%AC_vedremo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Un bel dì vedremo — pagină inexistentă">Un bel dì vedremo</a>”</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ccccff">Alte lucrări</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Messa_di_Gloria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Messa di Gloria — pagină inexistentă">Messa di Gloria</a></i> (1880)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ccccff">Ecranizări</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Boh%C3%A8me_(film_din_1926)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Bohème (film din 1926) — pagină inexistentă">La Bohème</a></i> (film din 1926)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cio-Cio-San_(film_din_1954)" title="Cio-Cio-San (film din 1954)">Cio-Cio-san</a></i> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carmine_Gallone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carmine Gallone — pagină inexistentă">Carmine Gallone</a> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca_(film_din_1956)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tosca (film din 1956) — pagină inexistentă">Tosca</a></i> (1956)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Boh%C3%A8me_(film_din_1965)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Bohème (film din 1965) — pagină inexistentă">La Bohème</a></i> (1965)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Boh%C3%A8me_(film_din_1988)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Bohème (film din 1988) — pagină inexistentă">La Bohème</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Boh%C3%A8me_(film_din_2008)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Bohème (film din 2008) — pagină inexistentă">La Bohème</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tosca_(film_din_2001)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tosca (film din 2001) — pagină inexistentă">Tosca</a></i> (2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16786155">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:0 auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox 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class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>57 limbi</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon 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