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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rufus Wheeler Peckham (1809–1873)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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For the U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice (his son), see <a href="/wiki/Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham" class="mw-redirect" title="Rufus Wheeler Peckham">Rufus Wheeler Peckham</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Lead_too_short plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-lead_too_short" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Length" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">lead section</a> <b>may be too short to adequately <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">summarize</a> the key points</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please consider expanding the lead to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Provide_an_accessible_overview" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">provide an accessible overview</a> of all important aspects of the article.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_(1809_-_1873).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_%281809_-_1873%29.jpg/200px-Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_%281809_-_1873%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="301" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_%281809_-_1873%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="288" data-file-height="433" /></a><figcaption>Rufus Wheeler Peckham</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_cenotaph.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_cenotaph.jpg/150px-Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_cenotaph.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_cenotaph.jpg/225px-Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_cenotaph.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_cenotaph.jpg/300px-Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_cenotaph.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Inscription on Peckham's cenotaph at Albany Rural Cemetery</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Rufus Wheeler Peckham</b> (December 20, 1809 – November 22, 1873) was an American lawyer, jurist, and <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">congressman</a> from New York from 1853 to 1855. </p><p>He was the father of <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">U.S. Supreme Court</a> justice <a href="/wiki/Rufus_W._Peckham" title="Rufus W. Peckham">Rufus W. Peckham</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_(1809%E2%80%931873)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Peckham was born in <a href="/wiki/Rensselaerville,_New_York" title="Rensselaerville, New York">Rensselaerville, New York</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Albany_County,_New_York" title="Albany County, New York">Albany County</a> on December 20, 1809, to Peleg Benjamin (1762–1828) and Desire (Watson) Peckham (1767–1852). He graduated from <a href="/wiki/Union_College" title="Union College">Union College</a> at <a href="/wiki/Schenectady,_New_York" title="Schenectady, New York">Schenectady</a> in 1827, where he was an early member of <a href="/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Society" title="Kappa Alpha Society">The Kappa Alpha Society</a>, and after studying law was admitted to the bar in 1830. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_career">Political career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_(1809%E2%80%931873)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He served as the <a href="/wiki/District_attorney" title="District attorney">district attorney</a> of <a href="/wiki/Albany_County,_New_York" title="Albany County, New York">Albany County</a> from 1838 to 1841. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Congress">Congress</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_(1809%E2%80%931873)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Congress"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Peckham was elected as a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Democratic Party">Democrat</a> to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> from New York's 14th District, serving in the <a href="/wiki/Thirty-third_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirty-third United States Congress">Thirty-third Congress</a> from March 4, 1853, until March 3, 1855. During his term, he was the chairman of the U.S. House Committee on Revolutionary Claims. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_career">Later career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_(1809%E2%80%931873)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Peckham afterwards returned to legal practice in a partnership with Judge <a href="/wiki/Lyman_Tremain" title="Lyman Tremain">Lyman Tremain</a>, until he was elected to serve as a justice of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Supreme_Court" title="New York Supreme Court">New York Supreme Court</a> for the Third Judicial District, from 1861 until 1869. He then sat as an associate judge on the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Court_of_Appeals" title="New York Court of Appeals">New York Court of Appeals</a> from July 4, 1870, until his death. It is believed that he was under consideration for appointment to the U.S. Supreme Court at the time of his death.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Family">Family</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_(1809%E2%80%931873)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Peckham had three sons by his first wife, Isabella Adoline Lacey, who died on April 4, 1848, at the age of 35. <a href="/wiki/Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham" class="mw-redirect" title="Rufus Wheeler Peckham">Rufus Wheeler Peckham</a> (1838–1909) followed in his namesake father's footsteps as a lawyer and in three of the positions that his father had held in New York: as the Albany district attorney (1869–1872), as a New York Supreme Court judge (1883–1886), and as a judge on the New York Court of Appeals (1886–1895). He remarried to Mary Elizabeth Foote (1830–1873). </p><p>The younger Peckham never went into Congress, however, but served on the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a> from 1895 until his death. Peckham's oldest son, <a href="/wiki/Wheeler_Hazard_Peckham" title="Wheeler Hazard Peckham">Wheeler Hazard Peckham</a> (1833–1905), was also a lawyer who practiced in New York City. Wheeler was also nominated to the U.S. Supreme Court but the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a> failed to confirm him. Peckham had another son named Joseph Henry, who died at the age of 17 on April 2, 1852. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death">Death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_(1809%E2%80%931873)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_sinking_of_the_Steamship_Ville_du_Havre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/The_sinking_of_the_Steamship_Ville_du_Havre.jpg/220px-The_sinking_of_the_Steamship_Ville_du_Havre.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/The_sinking_of_the_Steamship_Ville_du_Havre.jpg/330px-The_sinking_of_the_Steamship_Ville_du_Havre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/The_sinking_of_the_Steamship_Ville_du_Havre.jpg/440px-The_sinking_of_the_Steamship_Ville_du_Havre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="452" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Sinking of the <i>SS Ville du Havre</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Peckham and his second wife, Mary, were among 226 passengers and crew of the <a href="/wiki/Steamboat" title="Steamboat">steamer</a> <a href="/wiki/SS_Ville_du_Havre" title="SS Ville du Havre">SS <i>Ville du Havre</i></a> lost at sea, while the couple were en route to southern France to improve his failing health. The ship sank after colliding with the <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scottish</a> vessel <a href="/wiki/Loch_Line" title="Loch Line"><i>Loch Earn</i></a> in the north Atlantic Ocean on November 22, 1873; Peckham's last words were reported to be, "Wife, we have to die, let us die bravely." His remains were never recovered, and a <a href="/wiki/Cenotaph" title="Cenotaph">cenotaph</a> was erected at <a href="/wiki/Albany_Rural_Cemetery" title="Albany Rural Cemetery">Albany Rural Cemetery</a> in <a href="/wiki/Menands,_New_York" title="Menands, New York">Menands, New York</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_(1809%E2%80%931873)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albany_and_Susquehanna_Railroad" title="Albany and Susquehanna Railroad">Albany and Susquehanna Railroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erie_War" title="Erie War">Erie War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_G._Barnard" title="George G. Barnard">George G. Barnard</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_(1809%E2%80%931873)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_CongressP000180" class="citation web cs1">United States Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=P000180">"Rufus Wheeler Peckham (id: P000180)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft.atitle=Rufus+Wheeler+Peckham+%28id%3A+P000180%29&rft.au=United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DP000180&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARufus+Wheeler+Peckham+%281809%E2%80%931873%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Many of the family names and dates (and the attributed last words) were found at the Peckham family plot at Albany Rural Cemetery, Section 11, Lot 19.</li> <li>United States Passport Application #35929</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_(1809%E2%80%931873)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In Memory of RUFUS W PECKHAM, 1874 Hardcover book, prepared by a Committee of the Bar of the State of New York, 106 pages, just one plate of the judge</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rufus_Wheeler_Peckham_(1809%E2%80%931873)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nycourts.gov/history/legal-history-new-york/luminaries-court-appeals/peckham-rufus-sr.html">Detailed biography of Rufus Wheeler Peckham, courtesy the Historical Society of the Courts of the State of New York</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_H._Boyd_(politician)" title="John H. Boyd (politician)">John H. Boyd</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_New_York" title="List of United States representatives from New York">U.S. House of Representatives</a> <br />from <span data-sort-value="New York14 !"><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_14th_congressional_district" title="New York's 14th congressional district">New York's 14th congressional district</a></span> </b><br />March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1855 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Dickson_(American_politician)" title="Samuel Dickson (American politician)">Samuel Dickson</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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