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data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Estudis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estudis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Estudis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estudis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Obra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Obra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Obra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Obra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honors_i_premis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honors_i_premis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Honors i premis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honors_i_premis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Frases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Frases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Frases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Frases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enllaços_externs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enllaços_externs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Enllaços externs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enllaços_externs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Butler Lampson</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 29 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%B1_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="بتلر لامبسون - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بتلر لامبسون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%B1_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="بتلر لامبسون - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بتلر لامبسون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%B1_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B3%D9%86" title="باتلر لامپسن - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="باتلر لامپسن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A8" title="বাটলার ল্যাম্পসন - bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বাটলার ল্যাম্পসন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_W._Lampson" title="Butler W. Lampson - danès" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Butler W. Lampson" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Butler Lampson" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Butler Lampson" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Butler Lampson" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Butler Lampson" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%B1_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B3%D9%86" title="باتلر لامپسن - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="باتلر لامپسن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Butler Lampson" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Butler Lampson" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_W._Lampson" title="Butler W. Lampson - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Butler W. Lampson" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_W._Lampson" title="Butler W. Lampson - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Butler W. Lampson" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%97%E3%82%BD%E3%83%B3" title="バトラー・ランプソン - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バトラー・ランプソン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%84%ED%8B%80%EB%9F%AC_%EB%9E%A8%EC%8A%A8" title="버틀러 램슨 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="버틀러 램슨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson - malgaix" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Butler Lampson" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaix" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%BA" title="ബട്ലർ ലാപ്സൺ - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബട്ലർ ലാപ്സൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Butler Lampson" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Butler Lampson" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Butler Lampson" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Butler Lampson" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Лэмпсон, Батлер - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лэмпсон, Батлер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Butler Lampson" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Butler Lampson" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Батлер Лампсон - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Батлер Лампсон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Butler Lampson" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Батлер Лемпсон - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Батлер Лемпсон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E7%89%B9%E5%8B%92%C2%B7%E8%98%AD%E6%99%AE%E6%A3%AE" title="巴特勒·蘭普森 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="巴特勒·蘭普森" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q92644#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Vegeu el contingut de la pàgina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Pàgina</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussi%C3%B3:Butler_Lampson" rel="discussion" title="Discussió sobre el contingut d'aquesta pàgina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">català</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Butler_Lampson"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Butler_Lampson&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Butler_Lampson&action=history" title="Versions antigues d'aquesta pàgina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Eines</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Més 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Pot tenir inexactituds o contingut no apropiat no present en la <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_Lampson">versió actual</a></span>.</div><div id="mw-revision-nav">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Butler_Lampson&diff=prev&oldid=30485416" title="Butler Lampson">dif.</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Butler_Lampson&direction=prev&oldid=30485416" title="Butler Lampson">←la pròxima versió més antiga</a> | vegeu la versió actual (dif.) | Versió més nova → (dif.)</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33733479">.mw-parser-output .infobox_bodystyle{font-size:85%;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox_titleclass{color:#202122;background-color:#d6d6c2}.mw-parser-output .infobox_titlestyle_pharaon{color:#202122;background-color:#f1f1de}.mw-parser-output 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.infobox_center_BG{text-align:center;color:#202122;background-color:#d6d6c2}.mw-parser-output .infobox_coa{padding-top:0.3em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .infobox .extiw{color:#3C7790}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox .extiw{color:#5F9CBB;background-color:inherit}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox .extiw{color:#5F9CBB;background-color:inherit}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33733479"> <table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%;width:25em;infobox_bodystyle"><caption class="infobox_titleclass" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="float:left;"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Simpleicons_Interface_user-outline.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Plantilla:Infotaula persona"><img alt="Plantilla:Infotaula persona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Simpleicons_Interface_user-outline.svg/20px-Simpleicons_Interface_user-outline.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Simpleicons_Interface_user-outline.svg/30px-Simpleicons_Interface_user-outline.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Simpleicons_Interface_user-outline.svg/40px-Simpleicons_Interface_user-outline.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="485" data-file-height="485" /></a></span></span><span class="fn">Butler Lampson</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Professional_Developers_Conference_2009_Technical_Leaders_Panel_6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Professional_Developers_Conference_2009_Technical_Leaders_Panel_6.jpg/300px-Professional_Developers_Conference_2009_Technical_Leaders_Panel_6.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Professional_Developers_Conference_2009_Technical_Leaders_Panel_6.jpg/450px-Professional_Developers_Conference_2009_Technical_Leaders_Panel_6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Professional_Developers_Conference_2009_Technical_Leaders_Panel_6.jpg/600px-Professional_Developers_Conference_2009_Technical_Leaders_Panel_6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span><br /> (2009) <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92644?uselang=ca#P18" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Nom original</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">(en) <span lang="en">Butler W. Lampson</span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92644?uselang=ca#P1559" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header infobox_headerclass" style="text-align:center">Biografia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Naixement</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">23 desembre 1943 <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92644?uselang=ca#P569" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> (80 anys)<br /><a href="/wiki/Washington_DC" title="Washington DC">Washington DC</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92644?uselang=ca#P19" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Nacionalitat</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">Estatunidenc</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Formació</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> (Llic., 1964) <br /><a href="/wiki/Universitat_de_Calif%C3%B2rnia_a_Berkeley" title="Universitat de Califòrnia a Berkeley">Universitat de Califòrnia a Berkeley</a> (Doctorat, 1967)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Tesi acadèmica</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><i>Scheduling and Protection in an Interactive Multi-Processor System</i> <small>(1967)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Director de tesi</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">Harry Huskey</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Es coneix per</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">SDS 940, <a href="/wiki/Xerox_Alto" title="Xerox Alto">Xerox Alto</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header infobox_headerclass" style="text-align:center">Activitat</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Camp de treball</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Ci%C3%A8ncies_de_la_computaci%C3%B3" title="Ciències de la computació">Ciències de la computació</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92644?uselang=ca#P101" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Ocupació</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Inform%C3%A0tica" title="Informàtica">Informàtica</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Organització</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Universitat_de_Calif%C3%B2rnia_a_Berkeley" title="Universitat de Califòrnia a Berkeley">Universitat de Califòrnia a Berkeley</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xerox_PARC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xerox PARC (encara no existeix)">Xerox PARC</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Digital Equipment Corporation">DEC</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Membre de</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border:none; padding: 0;"><div class="" style="width:100%;" align="left"></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14906020" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q14906020">Membre estranger de la Royal Society</a>) <small>(2018–)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A8mia_Nacional_de_Ci%C3%A8ncies_dels_Estats_Units" title="Acadèmia Nacional de Ciències dels Estats Units">Acadèmia Nacional de Ciències dels Estats Units</a> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q63315195" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q63315195">membre de l'Acadèmia Nacional de Ciències dels Estats Units</a>) <small>(2005–)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery" title="Association for Computing Machinery">Association for Computing Machinery</a> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q18748039" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q18748039">membre de l'Association for Computing Machinery</a>) <small>(1994–)</small><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1493021" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1493021">Acadèmia Nacional d'Enginyeria</a> <small>(1984–)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A8mia_Americana_de_les_Arts_i_les_Ci%C3%A8ncies" title="Acadèmia Americana de les Arts i les Ciències">Acadèmia Americana de les Arts i les Ciències</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92644?uselang=ca#P463" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header infobox_headerclass" style="text-align:center">Obra</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Localització dels arxius</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Computer_History_Museum" title="Computer History Museum">Museu d'Història de l'Ordinador</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92644?uselang=ca#P485" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header infobox_headerclass" style="text-align:center">Premis</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><div style="text-align:start;"><a href="/wiki/Premi_Turing" title="Premi Turing">Premi Turing</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">1992</span><br />Medalla John von Neumann de l'IEEE <small>(2001)</small> <br /> Draper Prize <small>(2004)</small> <br /> Computer History Museum Fellow <small>(2006)</small><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Lloc web</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/blampson/">research.microsoft.com…</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92644?uselang=ca#P856" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Butler W. Lampson</b> (nascut el 23 de desembre de 1943) és un <a href="/wiki/Inform%C3%A0tica" title="Informàtica">informàtic</a> estatunidenc que ha contribuït al desenvolupament i la implementació de la informàtica distribuïda i personal. És <i>Technical Fellow</i> de <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> i professor adjunt a l'<a href="/wiki/MIT" class="mw-redirect" title="MIT">MIT</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Estudis">Estudis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Butler_Lampson&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Estudis"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Va estudiar a <i>Lawrenceville School</i>, un dels internats més exclusius del país. Després va <a href="/wiki/Llicenciatura" title="Llicenciatura">llicenciar-se</a> en Física a <a href="/wiki/Universitat_Harvard" title="Universitat Harvard">Harvard</a> el 1964 i es va <a href="/wiki/Doctorat" title="Doctorat">doctorar</a> en Enginyeria Elèctrica i Informàtica a la <a href="/wiki/Universitat_de_Calif%C3%B2rnia_a_Berkeley" title="Universitat de Califòrnia a Berkeley">Universitat de Califòrnia a Berkeley</a> el 1967. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Obra">Obra</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Butler_Lampson&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Obra"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Durant els <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A8cada_de_1960" class="mw-redirect" title="Dècada de 1960">anys 60</a>, Lampson i altres van formar part del projecte GENIE a Berkeley. El 1965, alguns membres del projecte, en concret Lampson i Peter Deutsch, van desenvolupar el <i>Berkeley Timesharing System</i> per a l'ordinador SDS 940 de Scientific Data Systems. </p><p>Lampson fou un dels fundadors del <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xerox_PARC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xerox PARC (encara no existeix)">Xerox PARC</a> el 1970, i va treballar-hi al Laboratori d'Informàtica (CSL). La seva visió d'un <a href="/wiki/Ordinador_personal" title="Ordinador personal">ordinador personal</a>, ara famosa, quedava resumida en el seu correu de 1972 anomenat "Why Alto?" ("Per què l'Alto"?).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El 1973, va néixer el <a href="/wiki/Xerox_Alto" title="Xerox Alto">Xerox Alto</a>, amb un <a href="/wiki/Ratol%C3%AD_(ordinador)" title="Ratolí (ordinador)">ratolí</a> de tres botons i un <a href="/wiki/Monitor_d%27ordinador" title="Monitor d'ordinador">monitor</a> de la mida d'una pàgina sencera.<sup id="cite_ref-altopc_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-altopc-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Actualment, se'l considera el primer ordinador personal veritable (almenys pel que pertoca a la manera actualment 'canònica' d'operar amb la <a href="/wiki/Interf%C3%ADcie_gr%C3%A0fica_d%27usuari" title="Interfície gràfica d'usuari">interfície gràfica</a>). </p><p>Tots els següents ordinadors creats al Xerox PARC van seguir un esquema general anomenat "Wildflower" ("flor salvatge"), escrit per Lampson, i això va incloure les màquines de la <i>Sèrie D</i>, el "Dolphin" (utilitzat en la màquina LISP Xerox 1100), "Dandelion" (utilitzat al model Xerox 8010 del Xerox Star i la màquina LISP Xerox 1108), "Dandetiger" (utilitzat en la màquina LISP Xerox 1109), "Dorado" (utilitzat en la màquina LISP Xerox 1132), "Daybreak" Xerox 6085, i "Dragon" (un 6085 de quatre processadors que va tenir una de les primeres caches <i>snoopy</i>, encara que mai no va entrar en producció). </p><p>Al PARC, Lampson va col·laborar en moltes altres tecnologies revolucionàries, com el disseny de la <a href="/wiki/Impressora_l%C3%A0ser" title="Impressora làser">impressora làser</a>; els protocols "commit" de dues fases; Bravo, el primer programa de format de text amb <a href="/wiki/WYSIWYG" title="WYSIWYG">WYSIWYG</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a>, la primera <a href="/wiki/Xarxa_d%27%C3%A0rea_local" title="Xarxa d'àrea local">xarxa d'àrea local</a> (LAN); i va dissenyar alguns llenguatges de programació influents com Euclid. </p><p>A principis de la <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A8cada_de_1980" class="mw-redirect" title="Dècada de 1980">dècada de 1980</a>, Lampson va plegar del Xerox PARC i va anar al Centre de Recerca de Sistemes (SRC) de <a href="/wiki/Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Digital Equipment Corporation">Digital Equipment Corporation</a>; actualment treballa a Microsoft Research. Lampson també és professor adjunt a l'<a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honors_i_premis">Honors i premis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Butler_Lampson&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Honors i premis"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>El 1992, va guanyar el <a href="/wiki/Premi_Turing" title="Premi Turing">premi Turing</a> de l'<a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery" title="Association for Computing Machinery">ACM</a>, l'equivalent al <a href="/wiki/Premi_Nobel" title="Premi Nobel">premi Nobel</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Inform%C3%A0tica" title="Informàtica">informàtica</a> per les seves contribucions a l'ordinador personal i la informàtica.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>El 1994, fou nomenat <a href="/wiki/Fellow" title="Fellow">Fellow</a> de l'<a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery" title="Association for Computing Machinery">ACM</a>.</li> <li>El 2001, va rebre la Medalla John von Neumann de l'IEEE.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>El 2004, va guanyar el premi Charles Stark Draper, juntament amb <a href="/wiki/Alan_Kay" title="Alan Kay">Alan Kay</a>, Robert W. Taylor, i <a href="/wiki/Charles_P._Thacker" title="Charles P. Thacker">Charles P. Thacker</a> per la seva feina amb el <a href="/wiki/Xerox_Alto" title="Xerox Alto">Xerox Alto</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>El 2006 fou nomenat Fellow del Computer History Museum "per contribucions fonamentals a la informàtica, que inclouen les estacions de treball personals, sistemes operatius, seguretat informàtica, i publicació de documents".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Frases">Frases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Butler_Lampson&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Frases"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sovint se li atribueix el "teorema fonamental de l'enginyeria de programari", que diu que "qualsevol problema en informàtica es pot resoldre amb un altre nivell d'indirecció", però en la conferència d'acceptació del premi Turing<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> el 1993, ell mateix va dir que la frase era de David Wheeler. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Butler_Lampson&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist {{#if: | references-column-count references-column-count-{{{col}}}" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150103005158/http://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/hall/bios/Butler,Lampson/">Butler Lampson 2006 Fellow</a>». Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/hall/bios/Butler,Lampson/">original</a> el 2015-01-03. [Consulta: 29 juny 2016].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.digibarn.com/friends/butler-lampson/index.html">DigiBarn Computer Museum: Why Alto? Butler Lampson's Historic 1972 Memo</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-altopc-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-altopc_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFThackerMcCreightLampsonSproull1982"><a href="/wiki/Charles_P._Thacker" title="Charles P. Thacker"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Thacker</span>, C.P.</a>; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">McCreight</span>, E.M.; <a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Lampson</span>, B.W.</a>; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Sproull</span>, R.F.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Boggs</span>, D.R. «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://research.microsoft.com/Lampson/25-Alto/25-AltoOCR.htm">Alto: a personal computer</a>». <i>Computer Structures: Principles and Examples</i>, 1982, pàg. 549–572 [Consulta: 2 setembre 2010].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/lampson_1142421.cfm">Butler W Lampson - A.M. Turing Award Winner</a>».  Association for Computing Machinery. [Consulta: 2 març 2016].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ieee.org/about/awards/bios/vonneumann_recipients.html">IEEE John von Neumann Medal Recipients</a>».  Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. [Consulta: 2 març 2016].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091017013028/http://www.draperprize.org/2004.php">2004 Winners: Alan C. Kay, Butler W. Lampson, Robert W. Taylor, and Charles P. Thacker</a>».  National Academy of Engineering. Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.draperprize.org/2004.php">original</a> el 2009-10-17. [Consulta: 2 març 2016].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">CHM. «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150103005158/http://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/hall/bios/Butler,Lampson/">Butler Lampson — CHM Fellow Award Winner</a>». Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/hall/bios/Butler,Lampson/">original</a> el 2015-01-03. [Consulta: 30 març 2015].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bwl-website.s3-website.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/">Butler W. Lampson</a>». [Consulta: 12 abril 2022].</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enllaços_externs"><span id="Enlla.C3.A7os_externs"></span>Enllaços externs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Butler_Lampson&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Enllaços externs"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33663753">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-center{clear:both;margin:auto}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">A <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A0gina_principal?uselang=ca">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Butler_Lampson" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Butler Lampson">Butler Lampson</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://research.microsoft.com/lampson">Web de Lampson</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/m/milliLampson.html">La unitat mil·liLampson</a></li> <li>Butler Lampson. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.handle.net/11299/169983">Entrevista d'història oral</a>, 11 de desembre de 2014, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Guardonats_amb_el_Premi_Turing" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:silver"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plantilla:Premi_Turing" title="Plantilla:Premi Turing"><img alt="Vegeu aquesta plantilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/18px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/27px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/36px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></li></ul></div><div id="Guardonats_amb_el_Premi_Turing" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Guardonats amb el <a href="/wiki/Premi_Turing" title="Premi Turing">Premi Turing</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Perlis" title="Alan Perlis">Perlis</a> (1966) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Vincent_Wilkes" title="Maurice Vincent Wilkes">Wilkes</a> (1967) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hamming" title="Richard Hamming">Hamming</a> (1968) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Minsky" title="Marvin Minsky">Minsky</a> (1969) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/James_H._Wilkinson" title="James H. Wilkinson">Wilkinson</a> (1970) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/John_McCarthy" title="John McCarthy">McCarthy</a> (1971) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Edsger_Dijkstra" title="Edsger Dijkstra">Dijkstra</a> (1972) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bachman" title="Charles Bachman">Bachman</a> (1973) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Knuth" title="Donald Knuth">Knuth</a> (1974) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Allen_Newell" title="Allen Newell">Newell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Simon" title="Herbert Simon">Simon</a> (1975) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Oser_Rabin" title="Michael Oser Rabin">Rabin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dana_Scott" title="Dana Scott">Scott</a> (1976) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/John_W._Backus" title="John W. Backus">Backus</a> (1977) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Floyd" title="Robert Floyd">Floyd</a> (1978) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_E._Iverson" title="Kenneth E. Iverson">Iverson</a> (1979) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/C._A._R._Hoare" title="C. A. R. Hoare">Hoare</a> (1980) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Edgar_F._Codd" title="Edgar F. Codd">Codd</a> (1981) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Cook" title="Stephen Cook">Cook</a> (1982) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Thompson" title="Ken Thompson">Thompson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Ritchie" title="Dennis Ritchie">Ritchie</a> (1983) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Niklaus_Wirth" title="Niklaus Wirth">Wirth</a> (1984) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Karp" title="Richard Karp">Karp</a> (1985) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/John_Hopcroft" title="John Hopcroft">Hopcroft</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Tarjan" title="Robert Tarjan">Tarjan</a> (1986) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/John_Cocke" title="John Cocke">Cocke</a> (1987) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Sutherland" title="Ivan Sutherland">Sutherland</a> (1988) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/William_Kahan" title="William Kahan">Kahan</a> (1989) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fernando_J._Corbat%C3%B3" title="Fernando J. Corbató">Corbató</a> (1990) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Robin_Milner" title="Robin Milner">Milner</a> (1991) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lampson</a> (1992) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Juris_Hartmanis" title="Juris Hartmanis">Hartmanis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Stearns" title="Richard Stearns">Stearns</a> (1993) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Feigenbaum" title="Edward Feigenbaum">Feigenbaum</a> / <a href="/wiki/Raj_Reddy" title="Raj Reddy">Reddy</a> (1994) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Blum" title="Manuel Blum">Blum</a> (1995) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Amir_Pnueli" title="Amir Pnueli">Pnueli</a> (1996) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Engelbart" title="Douglas Engelbart">Engelbart</a> (1997) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gray" title="Jim Gray">Gray</a> (1998) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Brooks" title="Fred Brooks">Brooks</a> (1999) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Chi-Chih_Yao" title="Andrew Chi-Chih Yao">Yao</a> (2000) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ole-Johan_Dahl" title="Ole-Johan Dahl">Dahl</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kristen_Nygaard" title="Kristen Nygaard">Nygaard</a> (2001) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Rivest" title="Ron Rivest">Rivest</a> / <a href="/wiki/Adi_Shamir" title="Adi Shamir">Shamir</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Adleman" title="Leonard Adleman">Adleman</a> (2002) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Kay" title="Alan Kay">Kay</a> (2003) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Vinton_Cerf" title="Vinton Cerf">Cerf</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bob_Kahn" class="mw-redirect" title="Bob Kahn">Kahn</a> (2004) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Naur" title="Peter Naur">Naur</a> (2005) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Frances_Elizabeth_Allen" title="Frances Elizabeth Allen">Allen</a> (2006) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Edmund_M._Clarke" title="Edmund M. Clarke">Clarke</a> / <a href="/wiki/E._Allen_Emerson" title="E. Allen Emerson">Emerson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Sifakis" title="Joseph Sifakis">Sifakis</a> (2007) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Liskov" title="Barbara Liskov">Liskov</a> (2008) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_P._Thacker" title="Charles P. Thacker">Thacker</a> (2009) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Valiant" title="Leslie Valiant">Valiant</a> (2010) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Judea_Pearl" title="Judea Pearl">Pearl</a> (2011) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Silvio_Micali" title="Silvio Micali">Micali</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shafrira_Goldwasser" title="Shafrira Goldwasser">Goldwasser</a> (2012) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Lamport" title="Leslie Lamport">Lamport</a> (2013) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Stonebraker" title="Michael Stonebraker">Stonebraker</a> (2014) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Hellman" title="Martin Hellman">Hellman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Whitfield_Diffie" title="Whitfield Diffie">Diffie</a> (2015) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Berners-Lee</a> (2016) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/John_L._Hennessy" title="John L. Hennessy">Hennessy</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Patterson" title="David Patterson">Patterson</a> (2017) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Yoshua_Bengio" title="Yoshua Bengio">Bengio</a> / <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Hinton" title="Geoffrey Hinton">Hinton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yann_LeCun" title="Yann LeCun">LeCun</a> (2018) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Pat_Hanrahan" title="Pat Hanrahan">Hanrahan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Catmull" title="Edwin Catmull">Catmull</a> (2019) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Aho" title="Alfred Aho">Aho</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Ullman" title="Jeffrey Ullman">Ullman</a> (2020) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Dongarra" title="Jack Dongarra">Dongarra</a> (2021) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Metcalfe" title="Robert Metcalfe">Metcalfe</a> (2022) •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Avi_Wigderson" title="Avi Wigderson">Wigderson</a> (2023)</span> </p> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Control_d%27autoritats" title="Control d'autoritats">Registres d'autoritat</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n81-035973">WorldCat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/1082459798">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LCCN" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN">LCCN</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n81035973">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIAF" class="mw-redirect" title="VIAF">VIAF</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/37493691">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISNI" class="mw-redirect" title="ISNI">ISNI</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000116224672">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SUDOC" class="mw-redirect" title="SUDOC">SUDOC</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/133282864">1</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bases d'informació</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MGP" class="mw-redirect" title="MGP">MGP</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genealogy.ams.org/id.php?id=144832">1</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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