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EURAXLES: Minimizing the risk of fatigue failure of railway axles | TRIMIS

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fatigue failure of railway axles</a><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--2xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-breadcrumb__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><use xlink:href="/themes/contrib/oe_theme/dist/ec/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></li><li class="ecl-breadcrumb__segment ecl-breadcrumb__current-page" data-ecl-breadcrumb-item="static" aria-current="page">EURAXLES: Minimizing the risk of fatigue failure of railway axles</li></ol></nav> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <div id="block-pagetitle"> <h1><span>EURAXLES: Minimizing the risk of fatigue failure of railway axles</span> </h1> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <main class="ecl-u-pb-xl" id="main-content"> <div class="ecl-container"> <div class="ecl-row"> <div class="ecl-col-s-12"> <div> <div id="block-trimis-main-page-content" class="ecl-u-mb-l"> <article> <div class="wrapper-pro"> <div class="proj-label explore-label"> PROJECTS</div> <div id="explore-wrapper"> <div id="left-col"> <div class="field_ref_countries container_field"> <div class="label">Funding</div> <div class="field"> <div class="field" > <div class="name">European</div> <div class="field_countries_icon"> <img width="40" height="40" src="/system/files/countries/icons/2021-05/EU.svg" alt="European Union" loading="lazy" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_proj_date_range container_field"> <div class="label">Duration</div> <div class="field" ><time datetime="2010-11-01T12:00:00Z">11/2010</time> - <time datetime="2014-04-30T12:00:00Z">04/2014</time> </div> </div> <div class="field_project_status container_field"> <div class="label">Status</div> <div class="field" >Complete with results</div> </div> <div class="field_proj_geo_spatial_type container_field"> <div class="label">Geo-spatial type</div> <div class="field" >Other</div> </div> <div class="field_project_total_cost container_field"> <div class="label">Total project cost</div> <div content="4721151" class="field" >€4 721 151</div> </div> <div class="field_project_eu_contribution container_field"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="2899998" class="field" >€2 899 998</div> </div> <div class="field_project_website container_field"> <div class="label">Project website</div> <div class="field" ><a href="http://www.euraxles.eu/">Project website</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="field_project_acronym container_field"> <div class="label">Project Acronym</div> <div class="field" >EURAXLES</div> </div> <div class="field_trimis_references container_field"> <div class="field_ref_roadmap container_field"> <div class="label">STRIA Roadmaps</div> <div class="field"> <div > <div class="field_roadmap_image_focus"> <img width="40" height="40" src="/system/files/2021-10/VDM%20-%20focus.svg" alt="Vehicle design and manufacturing (VDM)" loading="lazy" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_ref_transport_mode container_field"> <div class="label">Transport mode</div> <div > <div class="field_taxonomy_icon"> <div> <img width="40" height="40" src="/system/files/taxonomy/icons/2021-05/Rail%20-%20Round%20-%20Blue.svg" alt="Rail icon" loading="lazy" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_ref_transport_policy container_field"> <div class="label">Transport policies</div> <div class="field"> <div >Safety/Security, </div> <div >Societal/Economic issues </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_ref_transport_sector container_field"> <div class="label">Transport sectors</div> <div class="field"> <div >Passenger transport, </div> <div >Freight transport </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fc-section"> <h3>Overview</h3> <div class="field_proj_call_for_proposal container_field"> <div class="label">Call for proposal</div> <div class="field" >FP7-SST-2010-RTD-1</div> </div> <div class="field_proj_cordis_id container_field"> <div class="label">Link to CORDIS</div> <div class="field" > <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/265706" target="_blank" title="CORDIS ID:">CORDIS ID: &nbsp;265706</a> </div> </div> <div class="field_proj_background_policy field-long-text"><div class="field_proj_background_policy field-long-text"><div class="field-long-text label">Background &amp; Policy context</div><div class="field-long-text field" ><p>This is a R&amp;D project uniting partners across Europe including: axle manufacturers, railway operators/IMs, system integrators, technology suppliers, universities, rail sector associations and aconsulting firm. The consortium is well-positioned to provide a common R&amp;D approach to axle design, protection, inspection and maintenance which will have an impact on standards, regulations and on the market.</p></div></div></div><div class="field_proj_objectives field-long-text"><div class="field_proj_objectives field-long-text"><div class="field-long-text label">Objectives</div><div class="field-long-text field" ><p>The EURAXLES project aims to develop innovative, safer solutions for railway wheel sets with improved reliability in a cost effective way.</p></div></div></div><div class="field_proj_methodology field-long-text"><div class="field_proj_methodology field-long-text"><div class="field-long-text label">Methodology</div><div class="field-long-text field" ><p>The research is summarized below:</p><ul><li>A design approach will be developed, including a risk analysis method which could offer a simple design route by combining loads with difference occurrences including loading specificity of vehicles and service conditions together with the axles resistances, including new materials and methods in order to predict the failure probability;</li><li>New developments will also include: (i) improved axle protection against corrosion, including protection of already corroded axles; (ii) improved adhesion of coatings with a study of the roughness influence (adhesion and fatigue behaviour); and (iii) new, innovative coating solutions. The new solutions will also aim to fulfil environmental requirements to avoid or limit VOC emissions;</li><li>New/improved NDT inspection methods will allow the in-service inspection of axles in order to guarantee safe service conditions with a low impact on the vehicle availability;</li><li>RAMS/LCC analysis of the solutions will be carried out.</li></ul><p>The railway transportation system requires a risk analysis of the safety components. Activities will improve design validation and inspection technologies of axles which will optimise costs, safety and environmental compliance to be shown with RAMS/LCC analyses. Results will be disseminated to the different stakeholders, and the European standards and regulations for railway axles and wheel sets will be improved across Europe.</p></div></div></div> </div> <div class="fc-section"> <h3>Funding</h3> <div class="label parent-programme-label">Parent Programmes</div> <div class="parent-programme"> <div class="parent-programme-title"> <a href="/programme/transport-including-aeronautics-horizontal-activities-implementation-transport-programme" rel="bookmark"> FP7-TRANSPORT - <span>Transport (Including Aeronautics) - Horizontal activities for implementation of the transport programme (TPT)</span> </a> </div> <div> <div class="field_programme_institution_type container_field"> <div class="label">Institution Type</div> <div class="field" >Public institution</div> </div> <div class="field_programme_institution_name container_field"> <div class="label">Institution Name</div> <div class="field" >The European Commission</div> </div> <div class="field_programme_funding_type container_field"> <div class="label">Type of funding</div> <div class="field" >Public (EU)</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_proj_specific_programme container_field"> <div class="label">Specific funding programme</div> <div class="field"> <div class="field" >FP7-TRANSPORT</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fc-section"> <h3>Results</h3> <div class="field_proj_key_results field-long-text"><div class="field_proj_key_results field-long-text" class="field_proj_key_results field-long-text"><p><strong>Minimising axle failure in rail transport</strong></p><p>The safety of wheel sets and axles is critical to Europe's rail sector. An EU initiative introduced novel ways of monitoring and maintaining rail wagon axles that will reduce rail-related accidents and help unify European rail standards.</p><p>A broken axle could lead to significant rail catastrophes, causing the loss of lives as well as major economic costs from compensation to repairs.</p><p>Overall, the aim of the EU-funded project 'EURAXLES: Minimizing the risk of fatigue failure of railway axles' (http://www.euraxles.eu/ (EURAXLES)) was to reduce railway axle failure to the maximum extent possible.</p><p>EURAXLES worked on novel axle design based on new materials and methods to help predict failure probability. It furthered axle protection against corrosion, developed better coatings and improved adhesion of coatings while keeping in mind environmental considerations. In addition, project members worked on assessing new and improved non-destructive testing inspection methods.</p><p>Existing axle standards were assessed to determine restrictions for the testing and validation of protective coatings. Focus was also placed on the operating conditions of wheel sets in service.</p><p>A benchmark was carried out of existing and promising innovative solutions that might enable reliable inspection without the train needing to stop for several days.</p><p>EURAXLES examined the technical aspects involved in implementing axle design solutions, including coated and non-coated surfaces, protection types, coating thickness and corrosion impact. In addition, project members investigated suitable inspection tools, technologies and systems to identify defects in axles in real settings.</p><p>The team created a tool to compare different solutions developed during the project and their market uptake. Achievements also included a new online database of axle load measurements to understand real in-service loads, as well as new methodology to analyse axle load.</p><p>Lastly, recommendations were formulated for updating European standards and regulations for railway axles and wheel sets.</p><p>The innovative design approach and methods of EURAXLES will result in safe and cost-effective railway axles. With about 3.5 million axles currently in operation throughout Europe, threats to rail transport safety should be greatly minimised.</p></div></div> </div> <div class="fc-section"> <h3>Documents</h3> <div class="field_project_documents"> <div><span class="file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf"><a href="/system/files/project/documents/9859/final1-euraxles-publishable-summary.pdf" type="application/pdf" title="final1-euraxles-publishable-summary.pdf">Final Report Summary - EURAXLES (EURAXLES: Minimizing the risk of fatigue failure of railway axles)</a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fc-section"> <h3>Partners</h3> <div class="field_proj_lead_organisation container_field"> <div class="label">Lead Organisation</div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>European Union Road Federation</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Avenue Louise 106, 1050 BRUXELLES, Belgium </span> </div> </div> <div class="field_organisation_website container_field"> <div class="label">Organisation website</div> <div class="field" ><a href="http://www.unife.org">http://www.unife.org</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="296343" class="field" >€296 343</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_proj_partner_organisations container_field"> <div class="label">Partner Organisations</div> <div class="field"> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Construcciones Y Auxiliar De Ferrocarriles Investigacion Y Desarrollo Sl</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> JOSE MIGUEL ITURRIOZ 26, 20200 BEASAIN, Spain </span> </div> </div> <div class="field_organisation_website container_field"> <div class="label">Organisation website</div> <div class="field" ><a href="http://www.caf.net">http://www.caf.net</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="179070" class="field" >€179 070</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Ultrasen Sistemas Sl</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Calle Acacia 34, 28850 Torrejon De Ardoz, Spain </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="31537" class="field" >€31 537</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Deutsche Bahn Ag</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Postdamer Platz 2, 10785 BERLIN, Germany </span> </div> </div> <div class="field_organisation_website container_field"> <div class="label">Organisation website</div> <div class="field" ><a href="http://www.deutschebahn.com">http://www.deutschebahn.com</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="162160" class="field" >€162 160</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Sncf</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> 34 Rue du Commandant René Mouchotte, 75014 PARIS, France </span> </div> </div> <div class="field_organisation_website container_field"> <div class="label">Organisation website</div> <div class="field" ><a href="http://www.sncf.com">http://www.sncf.com</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="277860" class="field" >€277 860</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Valdunes Sas</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Rue Gustave Delory, 59125 Trith Saint Leger, France </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="116310" class="field" >€116 310</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Union International Des Chemins De Fer</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> 16 rue Jean Rey, 75015 PARIS, France </span> </div> </div> <div class="field_organisation_website container_field"> <div class="label">Organisation website</div> <div class="field" ><a href="http://www.uic.asso.fr">http://www.uic.asso.fr</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="54277" class="field" >€54 277</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Ecole Nationale Superieure De Chimie De Lille</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Cite Scientifique, Avenue Dimitri Mendeleiev, 59652 Villeneuve D&#039;ascq, France </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="126337" class="field" >€126 337</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Universita Degli Studi Di Udine</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Via Palladio 8, 33100 Udine, Italy </span> </div> </div> <div class="field_organisation_website container_field"> <div class="label">Organisation website</div> <div class="field" ><a href="http://www.uniud.it">http://www.uniud.it</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="136912" class="field" >€136 912</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Fraunhofer Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.v.</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> HANSASTRASSE 27C, 80686 MUNCHEN, Germany </span> </div> </div> <div class="field_organisation_website container_field"> <div class="label">Organisation website</div> <div class="field" ><a href="http://www.fraunhofer.de">http://www.fraunhofer.de</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="184013" class="field" >€184 013</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Wavestone Advisors</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Avenue Charles De Gaulle 159, 92200 Neuilly Sur Seine, France </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="91619" class="field" >€91 619</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Trenitalia Cargo S.p.a.</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Piazza della Croce Rossa, 1, 00161 ROMA, Italy </span> </div> </div> <div class="field_organisation_website container_field"> <div class="label">Organisation website</div> <div class="field" ><a href="http://www.trenitalia.it">http://www.trenitalia.it</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="24663" class="field" >€24 663</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Ansaldo Trasporti - Sistemi Ferroviari S.p.a.</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Via Argine, 425, 80100 NAPOLI, Italy </span> </div> </div> <div class="field_organisation_website container_field"> <div class="label">Organisation website</div> <div class="field" ><a href="http://www.atsf.it">http://www.atsf.it</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="39576" class="field" >€39 576</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Bonatrans Group A.s.</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Bohumin Revolucni 1234, 73594 Bohumin, Czechia </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="130067" class="field" >€130 067</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Renfe Operadora</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Avda Pio Xii 110, 28036 Madrid, Spain </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="85356" class="field" >€85 356</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Mer Mec S.p.a.</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> via Oberdan, 70, 70043 MONOPOLI, Italy </span> </div> </div> <div class="field_organisation_website container_field"> <div class="label">Organisation website</div> <div class="field" ><a href="http://www.mermec.it">http://www.mermec.it</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="66091" class="field" >€66 091</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Alstom Transporte Sa</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Paseo De La Castellana 257, 28046 Madrid, Spain </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="19316" class="field" >€19 316</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Politecnico Di Milano</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy </span> </div> </div> <div class="field_organisation_website container_field"> <div class="label">Organisation website</div> <div class="field" ><a href="http://www.polimi.it">http://www.polimi.it</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="231776" class="field" >€231 776</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Metalogic N.v. A.i. Technologies &amp; Engineering</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Technologielaan 11, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="71899" class="field" >€71 899</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Gutehoffnungshutte Radsatz Gmbh</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Gartenstrasse 40, 46145 Oberhausen, Germany </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="129087" class="field" >€129 087</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Lucchini Rs Spa</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Via Oberdan 6/a, 25128 Brescia, Italy </span> </div> </div> <div class="field_organisation_website container_field"> <div class="label">Organisation website</div> <div class="field" ><a href="http://www.lucchinirs.it">http://www.lucchinirs.it</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="185599" class="field" >€185 599</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Alstom Transport Sa</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> 3 Avenue André Malraux, 92300 LAVALLOIS-PERRET, France </span> </div> </div> <div class="field_organisation_website container_field"> <div class="label">Organisation website</div> <div class="field" ><a href="http://www.alstom.com">http://www.alstom.com</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="0" class="field" >€0</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Universidad Carlos Iii De Madrid</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Calle Madrid, 28903 Getafe (Madrid), Spain </span> </div> </div> <div class="field_organisation_website container_field"> <div class="label">Organisation website</div> <div class="field" ><a href="http://www.uc3m.es">http://www.uc3m.es</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="99067" class="field" >€99 067</div> </div> </div> <div class="field" > <div class="field_organisation"> <div class="label">Organisation</div> <div class="organisation-title"> <span>Radsatzfabrik Ilsenburg Gmbh</span> </div> <div> <div class="field_organisation_address container_field"> <div class="label">Address</div> <div class="field" ><span translate="no"> Schmiedestrasse 16/17, 38871 Ilsenburg, Germany </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_eu_contribution"> <div class="label">EU Contribution</div> <div content="161063" class="field" >€161 063</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fc-section fc-section-technologies"> <h3>Technologies</h3> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl field-paragraph"> <div class="field_technology"><div> <div> <div class="label">Technology Theme</div> <div class="field">Rail vehicle design</div> </div> <div> <div class="label">Technology</div> <div class="field"> <div class="name">Rail axle and wheel coatings</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_development_phase"> <div class="label">Development phase</div> <div class="field" >Research/Invention</div> </div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl field-paragraph"> <div class="field_technology"><div> <div> <div class="label">Technology Theme</div> <div class="field">Computer-aided design and engineering</div> </div> <div> <div class="label">Technology</div> <div class="field"> <div class="name">Finite Element Analysis and modelling of axles</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_development_phase"> <div class="label">Development phase</div> <div class="field" >Research/Invention</div> </div> </div> <div class="ecl-u-mb-2xl field-paragraph"> <div class="field_technology"><div> <div> <div class="label">Technology Theme</div> <div class="field">Non destructive testing</div> </div> <div> <div class="label">Technology</div> <div class="field"> <div class="name">Non destructive testing methods for continuous monitoring of rail axles</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field_development_phase"> <div class="label">Development phase</div> <div class="field" >Research/Invention</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div id="block-submityourprojectblock" class="ecl-u-mb-l"> <div class="clear-both" id="submit-your-project-block"> <div class="submit-block"> <h2>Contribute! 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