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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Creation_of_Anti-Terrorism_Council" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Creation_of_Anti-Terrorism_Council"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Creation of Anti-Terrorism Council </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Creation_of_Anti-Terrorism_Council-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Warrantless_arrest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Warrantless_arrest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Warrantless arrest </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Warrantless_arrest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Removal_of_safeguard_against_wrongful_detention" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Removal_of_safeguard_against_wrongful_detention"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Removal of safeguard against wrongful detention </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Removal_of_safeguard_against_wrongful_detention-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Background </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Background-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Background subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Branding_of_"rebel_groups"_in_Philippine_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Branding_of_"rebel_groups"_in_Philippine_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Branding of "rebel groups" in Philippine history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Branding_of_"rebel_groups"_in_Philippine_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Groups_branded_"insurrectos"_during_the_colonial_era_and_World_War_II" 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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 International </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1.1 United States </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Nations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Nations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1.2 United Nations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Nations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Amnesty_International" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amnesty_International"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1.3 Amnesty International 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Philippine legislation</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #ededed">Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Republic_Act_No._11479_(20200703-RA-11479-RRD).pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Republic_Act_No._11479_%2820200703-RA-11479-RRD%29.pdf/page1-170px-Republic_Act_No._11479_%2820200703-RA-11479-RRD%29.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Republic_Act_No._11479_%2820200703-RA-11479-RRD%29.pdf/page1-255px-Republic_Act_No._11479_%2820200703-RA-11479-RRD%29.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Republic_Act_No._11479_%2820200703-RA-11479-RRD%29.pdf/page1-340px-Republic_Act_No._11479_%2820200703-RA-11479-RRD%29.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1239" data-file-height="1754" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed"><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="Congress of the Philippines">Congress of the Philippines</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; font-weight:normal;background:transparent;text-align:center;"><div style="margin: 0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Long_title" class="mw-redirect" title="Long title">Long title</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">An Act to Prevent, Prohibit and Penalize Terrorism, Thereby Repealing Republic Act No. 9372, Otherwise Known as the "Human Security Act of 2007" </div> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citation</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/downloads/2020/06jun/20200703-RA-11479-RRD.pdf">Republic Act No. 11479</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Territorial extent</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Passed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Senate of the Philippines</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Passed</th><td class="infobox-data">February 26, 2020 (19–2–3)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Passed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="House of Representatives of the Philippines">House of Representatives of the Philippines</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Passed</th><td class="infobox-data">June 5, 2020 (168–36–29)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte">Rodrigo Duterte</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signed</th><td class="infobox-data">July 3, 2020</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Effective_date" class="mw-redirect" title="Effective date">Effective</a></th><td class="infobox-data">July 18, 2020</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Legislative history</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">First chamber: <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Senate of the Philippines</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Bill_(proposed_law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill (proposed law)">Bill</a> title</th><td class="infobox-data">Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Bill citation</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://senate.gov.ph/lisdata/3163229242!.pdf">Senate Bill No. 1083</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introduced by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tito_Sotto" title="Tito Sotto">Tito Sotto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ping_Lacson" class="mw-redirect" title="Ping Lacson">Ping Lacson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imee_Marcos" title="Imee Marcos">Imee Marcos</a>, et al.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introduced</th><td class="infobox-data">September 30, 2019</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Voting summary</th><td class="infobox-data nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style>19 voted for</li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494">2 voted against</li><li>1 absent</li><li>2 present not voting</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Second chamber: <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="House of Representatives of the Philippines">House of Representatives of the Philippines</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Bill title</th><td class="infobox-data">Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Bill citation</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.congress.gov.ph/legisdocs/first_18/CR00340.pdf">House Bill No. 6875</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Received from the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Senate of the Philippines</a></th><td class="infobox-data">May 30, 2020</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Member(s) in charge</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Narciso_Bravo_Jr." title="Narciso Bravo Jr.">Narciso Bravo Jr.</a> (<a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Masbate#1st_District" title="Legislative districts of Masbate">Masbate–1st</a>), Raul Tupas (<a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Iloilo#5th_District" title="Legislative districts of Iloilo">Iloilo–5th</a>), et al.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Voting summary</th><td class="infobox-data nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494">168 voted for</li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494">36 voted against</li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494">29 abstained</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed"><a href="/wiki/Repeal" title="Repeal">Repeals</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Human_Security_Act_of_2007" class="mw-redirect" title="Human Security Act of 2007">Human Security Act of 2007</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="background-color:#AAF0D1;">Status: In force</td></tr></tbody></table> The Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020, officially designated as Republic Act No. 11479, is a <a href="/wiki/Counter-terrorism" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter-terrorism">counter-terrorism</a> law intended to prevent, prohibit, and penalize <a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_the_Philippines" title="Terrorism in the Philippines">terrorism in the Philippines</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-1">[1]</a> The law was passed by the <a href="/wiki/18th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="18th Congress of the Philippines">18th Congress</a> and signed by President <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte">Rodrigo Duterte</a> on July 3, 2020, effectively replacing the <a href="/wiki/Human_Security_Act" title="Human Security Act">Human Security Act</a> of 2007 on July 18, 2020.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> A total of 37 petitions were filed before the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court of the Philippines</a> challenging the law's constitutionality, making it the most assailed piece of legislation in Philippine history. On December 9, 2021, the Court announced that apart from two unconstitutional portions of the law, all other challenged provisions thereof are declared not unconstitutional.<a href="#cite_note-:2-4">[4]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Definition_of_terrorism">Definition of terrorism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Definition of terrorism">edit</a>]</div> The Act defines terrorism as: <ul><li>Engaging in acts intended to cause death or serious bodily injury to any person or endangers a person's life;</li> <li>Engaging in acts intended to cause extensive damage or destruction to a government or public facility, public place, or private property;</li> <li>Engaging in acts intended to cause extensive interference with, damage, or destruction to critical infrastructure;</li> <li>Developing, manufacturing, possessing, acquiring, transporting, supplying, or using weapons; and</li> <li>Releasing dangerous substances or causing fire, floods or explosions when the purpose is to intimidate the general public, create an atmosphere to spread a message of fear, provoke or influence by intimidation the government or any international organization, seriously destabilize or destroy the fundamental political, economic, or social structures in the country, or create a public emergency or seriously undermine public safety<a href="#cite_note-:0-1">[1]</a></li></ul> The definition states that "advocacy, protest, dissent, stoppage of work, industrial or mass action, and other similar exercises of civil and political rights" shall not be considered as terrorist acts only if they "are not intended to cause death or serious physical harm to a person, to endanger a person's life, or to create a serious risk to public safety." <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Creation_of_Anti-Terrorism_Council">Creation of Anti-Terrorism Council</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Creation of Anti-Terrorism Council">edit</a>]</div> The law also creates a presidentially-appointed body, the Anti-Terrorism Council (ATC), which would designate the persons who could be arrested as "terrorists."<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> Because of other provisions of the law. these persons could be detained for up to 24 days (14 days with a possible 10-day extension),<a href="#cite_note-DuterteBacks14DayWarrantlessDetention-6">[6]</a> and would not be automatically compensated for wrongful imprisonment as they originally were under the Human Security Act of 2007.<a href="#cite_note-DiplomatProblem-7">[7]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Warrantless_arrest">Warrantless arrest</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Warrantless arrest">edit</a>]</div> The law allows suspects to be detained without a judicial warrant of arrest for 14 days and can be extended by 10 more days, and placed under surveillance for 60 days, that can also be extended by up to 30 days, by the police or military.<a href="#cite_note-DuterteBacks14DayWarrantlessDetention-6">[6]</a> But an analyst argues that this provision is essential for counterterrorism to "allow more time for investigators to get valuable information from the terror suspect. A longer detention period can also provide ample time to facilitate interrogation. It can also incapacitate the suspected terrorist from wreaking havoc. Most importantly, longer preventive detention can lawfully hold suspect when usual criminal charges cannot be filed for some technical considerations."<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Removal_of_safeguard_against_wrongful_detention">Removal of safeguard against wrongful detention</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Removal of safeguard against wrongful detention">edit</a>]</div> The Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020 also removes a section under the Human Security Act of 2007 which is meant to safeguard against the wrongful accusation and detention of suspects. Previously, if a person imprisoned under the HSA were found to actually not be guilty, that person would be compensated for wrongful detention, with the cost "automatically charged against the appropriations of the police agency or the Anti-Terrorism Council that brought or sanctioned the filing of the charges against the accused."<a href="#cite_note-DiplomatProblem-7">[7]</a> Under the new law, a wrongfully detained person would have to file a suit against the government in order to get any remuneration for having been wrongfully accused.<a href="#cite_note-DiplomatProblem-7">[7]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Background">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Overly_detailed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-overly_detailed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article may contain an excessive amount of intricate <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:DETAIL" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:DETAIL">detail</a> that may interest only a particular audience. Please help by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_forking#Article_spinoffs:_.22Summary_style.22_meta-articles_and_summary_sections" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Content forking">spinning off</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Handling_trivia#Recommendations_for_handling_trivia" title="Wikipedia:Handling trivia">relocating</a> any relevant information, and removing excessive detail that may be against <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">Wikipedia's inclusion policy</a>. (July 2020) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_the_Philippines" title="Terrorism in the Philippines">Terrorism in the Philippines</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Branding_of_"rebel_groups"_in_Philippine_history">Branding of "rebel groups" in Philippine history</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Branding of "rebel groups" in Philippine history">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Civil_conflict_in_the_Philippines" title="Civil conflict in the Philippines">Conflicts with ideologically motivated groups</a>, both armed and unarmed have frequently been labeled "terrorists," "rebels," and "bandits" throughout the Philippines' history.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-AmbethOcampoRevolutionariesAsInsurrectos-10">[10]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Groups_branded_"insurrectos"_during_the_colonial_era_and_World_War_II">Groups branded "insurrectos" during the colonial era and World War II</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Groups branded "insurrectos" during the colonial era and World War II">edit</a>]</div> During the colonial era, forces fighting for Filipino independence, such as those under <a href="/wiki/Diego_Silang" title="Diego Silang">Diego Silang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andres_Bonifacio" class="mw-redirect" title="Andres Bonifacio">Andres Bonifacio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Aguinaldo" title="Emilio Aguinaldo">Emilio Aguinaldo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Macario_Sakay" title="Macario Sakay">Macario Sakay</a> were intentionally labeled "insurrectos" and "bandits" in order to de-legitimize and downplay their cause.<a href="#cite_note-AmbethOcampoRevolutionariesAsInsurrectos-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-USForeignPolicyResourceGuide-11">[11]</a> In the 1930s, the <a href="/wiki/Hukbalahap" title="Hukbalahap">Hukbalahap</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Partido_Komunista_ng_Pilipinas" class="mw-redirect" title="Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas">Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas</a> (PKP-1930) was one of the most active guerrilla forces fighting for Filipino freedom during World War II, but it found itself in conflict with the newly independent Philippine government after the war, until it was effectively defeated in the 1950s.<a href="#cite_note-PKPhist-12">[12]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Opposition_groups_during_the_Marcos_administration">Opposition groups during the Marcos administration</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Opposition groups during the Marcos administration">edit</a>]</div> A new communist organization, the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Philippines" title="Communist Party of the Philippines">Communist Party of the Philippines</a> (CPP), was formed in 1969, and although it was still small, the Philippine government used its formation to take advantage of the cold war <a href="/wiki/Red_scare" class="mw-redirect" title="Red scare">red scare</a> in the United States to increase the influx of defense support funds from the US.<a href="#cite_note-PoliticalEconomy-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-RebellionRepressionPh-15">[15]</a>: "43"  A 1968 Philippine senate investigation into the <a href="/wiki/Jabidah_massacre" title="Jabidah massacre">Jabidah massacre</a>, in which Muslim recruits were supposedly massacred in <a href="/wiki/Corregidor_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Corregidor Island">Corregidor</a> to prevent them from blowing the cover on a botched Military operation resulted in the rise of multiple secessionist movements in the Muslim-majority areas in western Mindanao Island, including the <a href="/wiki/Muslim_Independence_Movement" title="Muslim Independence Movement">Muslim Independence Movement</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Liberation_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsamoro Liberation Organization">Bangsamoro Liberation Organization</a>.<a href="#cite_note-RevoltinMindanao:-16">[16]</a> President <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a> cited the new communist and moro separatist movements among his reasons for declaring <a href="/wiki/Martial_law_under_Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos">martial law in 1972</a>, but also used his powers to "emasculate all the leaders" of the political opposition, allowing him to hold authoritarian power over the Philippines for more than two decades.<a href="#cite_note-PaoloRomero20181026-17">[17]</a> While martial law decimated the leadership of the political opposition, it radicalized otherwise "moderate" young people of the time, leading to the rapid growth of the Communist Party of the Philippines' New People's Army.<a href="#cite_note-GazetteHistoryProtest-18">[18]</a> In western Mindanao, the <a href="/wiki/Moro_National_Liberation_Front" title="Moro National Liberation Front">Moro National Liberation Front</a> (MNLF) and the <a href="/wiki/Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front" title="Moro Islamic Liberation Front">Moro Islamic Liberation Front</a> (MILF) became the dominant voice of Muslim separatism after the <a href="/wiki/Burning_of_Jolo" class="mw-redirect" title="Burning of Jolo">burning of Jolo</a> in 1974.<a href="#cite_note-ARMM-19">[19]</a> In northern Luzon, the murder of <a href="/wiki/Macli-ing_Dulag" title="Macli-ing Dulag">Macli-ing Dulag</a> for his opposition to the Marcos administration's <a href="/wiki/Chico_River_Dam_project" class="mw-redirect" title="Chico River Dam project">Chico River Dam project</a> became a rallying cry which inspired the formation of militant groups such as the <a href="/wiki/Cordillera_People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="Cordillera People's Liberation Army">Cordillera People's Liberation Army</a> (CPLA).<a href="#cite_note-Aureus_1985-20">[20]</a> On the other hand, the martial law saw the creation of human rights advocacy groups across the whole political spectrum, with civil society groups such as the <a href="/wiki/Movement_of_Concerned_Citizens_for_Civil_Liberties" title="Movement of Concerned Citizens for Civil Liberties">Movement of Concerned Citizens for Civil Liberties</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Free_Legal_Assistance_Group" title="Free Legal Assistance Group">Free Legal Assistance Group</a> were joined even by church groups such as the <a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Churches_in_the_Philippines" title="National Council of Churches in the Philippines">National Council of Churches in the Philippines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Major_Religious_Superiors_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Major Religious Superiors in the Philippines">Association of Major Religious Superiors in the Philippines</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Bishops%27_Conference_of_the_Philippines" title="Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines">Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines</a>, and by business groups such as the <a href="/wiki/Makati_Business_Club" title="Makati Business Club">Makati Business Club</a>, in actively fighting the proliferation of human rights abuses during the period.<a href="#cite_note-Claudio2013-21">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Conflicts_after_1986">Conflicts after 1986</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Conflicts after 1986">edit</a>]</div> After Marcos was removed from power through the mostly-peaceful <a href="/wiki/People_Power_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="People Power revolution">People Power revolution</a> of 1986, the <a href="/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movement" title="Reform the Armed Forces Movement">Reform the Armed Forces Movement</a> launched numerous coups to overthrow the government,<a href="#cite_note-DavideCommissionReport-22">[22]</a> while conflicts continued with the MNLF, MILF, CCP, and smaller groups like the CPLA. Ideological differences in the CCP resulted in various groups who rejected its adherence to Maoist orthodoxy splitting into more than a dozen smaller groups, including the <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Workers%27_Party_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Workers' Party of the Philippines">Revolutionary Workers' Party of the Philippines</a>.<a href="#cite_note-OPAPP2016history-23">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Red-tagging">Red-tagging</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Red-tagging">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Red-tagging_in_the_Philippines" title="Red-tagging in the Philippines">Red-tagging in the Philippines</a></div> In recent years, international organizations including the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>,<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a>,<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> have called attention to the continued practice of red-tagging as a political tactic to stifle dissent in the Philippines. The practice, under which individuals or groups are labeled "communist" or "terrorist" regardless of their actual beliefs or affiliations,<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> has been noted for frequently targeting human rights organizations,<a href="#cite_note-auto-28">[28]</a> church or religious groups,<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> health worker unions,<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> the academe,<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> and the mainstream media.<a href="#cite_note-CMFRJan2019Statement-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religious_extremist_terrorism">Religious extremist terrorism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Religious extremist terrorism">edit</a>]</div> Brothers <a href="/wiki/Abdurajik_Abubakar_Janjalani" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdurajik Abubakar Janjalani">Abdurajik Abubakar Janjalani</a> and <a href="/wiki/Khadaffy_Janjalani" title="Khadaffy Janjalani">Khadaffy Janjalani</a> split from the MNLF in 1991 and established their own group, the <a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayyaf" title="Abu Sayyaf">Abu Sayyaf</a>, which eventually became infamous for <a href="/wiki/Bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombing">bombings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kidnapping" title="Kidnapping">kidnappings</a>, assassinations, <a href="/wiki/Extortion" title="Extortion">extortion</a>,<a href="#cite_note-banlaoi-35">[35]</a> rape, <a href="/wiki/Child_sexual_abuse" title="Child sexual abuse">child sexual assault</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forced_marriage" title="Forced marriage">forced marriage</a>,<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> <a href="/wiki/Drive-by_shooting" title="Drive-by shooting">drive-by shootings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Extortion" title="Extortion">extortion</a> and drug trafficking.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> On July 23, 2014, Abu Sayyaf leader <a href="/wiki/Isnilon_Hapilon" title="Isnilon Hapilon">Isnilon Hapilon</a> swore an <a href="/wiki/Bay%27ah" title="Bay'ah">oath of loyalty</a> to <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi" title="Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi">Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi</a>, the leader of the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant">Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant</a> (ISIL).<a href="#cite_note-Abu_Sayyaf_leader_swears_oath_of_loyalty_to_ISIL-38">[38]</a> In September 2014, the group began kidnapping people for ransom, in the name of ISIL.<a href="#cite_note-Abu_Sayyaf_kidnaps_2_Germans_in_the_name_of_ISIL-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-SherwellHostageBiz-40">[40]</a> However, in the leadup to the passage and signing of the Anti-Terror Act of 2020, President Rodrigo Duterte said that his administration would focus on "communists." He called the Abu Sayyaf "terrorists of no value," saying "Actually the number one threat to the country, hindi Abu Sayyaf, hindi mga terorista of no value. Itong high-value targets itong mga komunista" ("Actually the number one threat to the country is not the Abu Sayyaf Group, not terrorists of no value. The high-value targets are the communists").<a href="#cite_note-DuterteSaysCommunismTopThreat-41">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legislative_history">Legislative history</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Legislative history">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Human_Security_Act_of_2007">Human Security Act of 2007</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Human Security Act of 2007">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Human_Security_Act" title="Human Security Act">Human Security Act</a></div> The Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020 repeals the <a href="/wiki/Human_Security_Act_of_2007" class="mw-redirect" title="Human Security Act of 2007">Human Security Act of 2007</a>, making changes to some of the provisions as well as the definitions under terrorism.<a href="#cite_note-DW20200608-42">[42]</a> Senator <a href="/wiki/Panfilo_Lacson" title="Panfilo Lacson">Panfilo Lacson</a>, one of the principal authors of the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020, said that the Human Security Act of 2007 was a "dead letter law" because it has been "severely underutilized" as it only resulted in a single convicted felon and had only one proscribed organization: the <a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayyaf" title="Abu Sayyaf">Abu Sayyaf</a>.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Senate_Bill_No._1083">Senate Bill No. 1083</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Senate Bill No. 1083">edit</a>]</div> The bill was prepared by the Committees on National Defense and Security; Peace, Unification and Reconciliation; and Finance with the following as authors:<a href="#cite_note-sb1083-44">[44]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panfilo_Lacson" title="Panfilo Lacson">Panfilo Lacson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lito_Lapid" title="Lito Lapid">Lito Lapid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imee_Marcos" title="Imee Marcos">Imee Marcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bong_Revilla" title="Bong Revilla">Bong Revilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_dela_Rosa" title="Ronald dela Rosa">Ronald "Bato" dela Rosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tito_Sotto" title="Tito Sotto">Tito Sotto</a></li></ul> It was approved by the Senate on February 26, 2020<a href="#cite_note-amnestyIntReject-45">[45]</a> with the following 19 voting in the affirmative:<a href="#cite_note-senateOKsBill-46">[46]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Angara" title="Sonny Angara">Sonny Angara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Binay" title="Nancy Binay">Nancy Binay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pia_Cayetano" title="Pia Cayetano">Pia Cayetano</a></li> <li>Ronald "Bato" dela Rosa</li> <li>Minority Leader <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Drilon" title="Franklin Drilon">Franklin Drilon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Win_Gatchalian" title="Win Gatchalian">Win Gatchalian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bong_Go" title="Bong Go">Bong Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Gordon_(politician)" title="Dick Gordon (politician)">Dick Gordon</a></li> <li>Panfilo Lacson</li> <li>Lito Lapid</li> <li>Imee Marcos</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manny_Pacquiao" title="Manny Pacquiao">Manny Pacquiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Poe" title="Grace Poe">Grace Poe</a></li> <li>Bong Revilla</li> <li>Senate President Tito Sotto</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Tolentino" title="Francis Tolentino">Francis Tolentino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Villanueva" title="Joel Villanueva">Joel Villanueva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Villar" title="Cynthia Villar">Cynthia Villar</a></li> <li>Majority Leader <a href="/wiki/Migz_Zubiri" title="Migz Zubiri">Migz Zubiri</a></li></ul> </div> Two senators dissented:<a href="#cite_note-senateOKsBill-46">[46]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Risa_Hontiveros" title="Risa Hontiveros">Risa Hontiveros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiko_Pangilinan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiko Pangilinan">Kiko Pangilinan</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="House_Bill_No._6875">House Bill No. 6875</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: House Bill No. 6875">edit</a>]</div> The bill was introduced by the following representatives and filed on May 30, 2020.<a href="#cite_note-hb6875-47">[47]</a> Out of the 71 original authors, 15 members had their names stricken out as the authors of the controversial bill.<a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a> The bill was approved on final reading on June 3, 2020, as an adoption of the earlier version approved by Senate.<a href="#cite_note-amnestyIntReject-45">[45]</a> An additional 5 withdrew their authorship afterwards.<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raneo_Abu" title="Raneo Abu">Raneo E. Abu</a> – Batangas, 2nd District</li> <li>Cyrille "Beng" F. Abueg-Zaldivar – Palawan, 2nd District</li> <li>Maria Fe R. Abunda – Eastern Samar, Lone District, withdrew authorship on June 2, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_Acop#Philippine_general_elections,_2019" title="Romeo Acop">Resurreccion M. Acop</a> – Antipolo, 2nd District</li> <li>Michael Edgar Y. Aglipay – Party List – DIWA</li> <li>Marlyn "Len" B. Alonte – Biñan, Lone District, withdrew authorship on June 2, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Cristal S. Bagatsing – Manila, 5th District, withdrew authorship on June 2, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ace_Barbers" title="Ace Barbers">Robert Ace S. Barbers</a> – Surigao del Norte, 2nd District</li> <li>Julienne "Jam" A. Baronda – Iloilo City, Lone District, withdrew authorship on June 3, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Joseph Sto. Niño B. Bernos – Abra, Lone District</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruffy_Biazon" title="Ruffy Biazon">Rozzano Rufino B. Biazon</a> – Muntinlupa, Lone District, Principal author, later disowned bill as it "only copied Senate version". Withdrew authorship June 3, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Lianda B. Bolilia – Batangas, 4th District, withdrew authorship on June 3, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a></li> <li>Juan Pablo "Rimpy" P. Bondoc – Pampanga, 4th District</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narciso_Bravo_Jr." title="Narciso Bravo Jr.">Narciso "Bong" Recio Bravo, Jr.</a> – Masbate, 1st District</li> <li>Jorge "PATROL" Bustos – Party List – PATROL</li> <li>Argel Joseph T. Cabatbat – Party List – MAGSASAKA, withdrew authorship on June 2, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Manuel DG. Cabochan III – Party List – <a href="/wiki/Magdalo_Party-List" title="Magdalo Party-List">MAGDALO</a>, withdrew authorship on June 2, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Arnold "Noli" D. Celeste – Pangasinan, 1st District</li> <li>Ma. Theresa V. Collantes – Batangas, 3rd District</li> <li>Anthony Peter "Onyx" D. Crisologo – Quezon City, 1st District, withdrew authorship on June 3, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Manuel Jose "Mannix" M. Dalipe – Zamboanga City, 2nd District</li> <li>Francisco G. Datol Jr. – Party List – <a href="/wiki/Senior_Citizens_Partylist" title="Senior Citizens Partylist">SENIOR CITIZENS</a></li> <li>Presley C. De Jesus – Party List – PHILRECA</li> <li>Adriano A. Ebcas – Party List – AKO PADAYON PILIPINO</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Escudero#Personal_lif" title="Salvador Escudero">Evelina G. Escudero</a> – Sorsogon, 1st District, withdrew authorship on June 3, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Conrad M. Estrella III – Party List – ABONO</li> <li>Ria Cristina G. Fariñas – Ilocos Norte, 1st District, withdrew authorship on June 2, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danilo_Fernandez" title="Danilo Fernandez">Danilo "Dan" S. Fernandez</a> – Laguna, 1st District</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Fortun" title="Lawrence Fortun">Lawrence "Law" H. Fortun</a> – Agusan del Norte, 1st District, withdrew authorship on June 2, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_John_Garcia" title="Pablo John Garcia">Pablo John F. Garcia</a> – Cebu, 3rd District</li> <li>Ciriaco B. Gato Jr. – Batanes, Lone District</li> <li>Ruwel Peter S. Gonzaga – Davao de Oro, 2nd District</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurelio_D._Gonzales_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Aurelio D. Gonzales Jr.">Aurelio "Dong" D. Gonzales, Jr.</a> – Pampanga, 3rd District, withdrew authorship on June 3, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptali_Gonzales_II" title="Neptali Gonzales II">Neptali M. Gonzales II</a> – Mandaluyong, Lone District</li> <li>Michael B. Gorriceta – Iloilo, 2nd District, withdrew authorship on June 3, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Ferdinand L. Hernandez – South Cotabato, 2nd District, withdrew authorship on June 4, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a></li> <li>Bernadette "BH" Herrera-Dy – Party List – BH, withdrew authorship on June 4, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a></li> <li>Wilton "Tonton" Tan Kho – Masbate, 3rd District</li> <li>Loren Legarda – Antique, Lone District, requested name be removed after being "mistakenly" referred to as coauthor<a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a></li> <li>Dahlia A. Loyola – Cavite, 5th District</li> <li>Rodante D. Marcoleta – Party List – SAGIP</li> <li>Ruth Mariano-Hernandez – Laguna, 2nd District, withdrew authorship on June 2, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Jose_Matugas_II" title="Francisco Jose Matugas II">Francisco Jose "Bingo" F. Matugas II</a> – Surigao del Norte, 1st District</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yul_Servo" title="Yul Servo">John Marvin "Yul Servo" C. Nieto</a> – Manila, 3rd District, withdrew authorship on June 8, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jericho_Nograles" title="Jericho Nograles">Jericho Jonas "Koko" Bendigo Nograles</a> – Party List – PBA</li> <li>Henry S. Oaminal – Misamis Occidental, 2nd District</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stephen_Paduano" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Stephen Paduano">Joseph Stephen "Caraps" S. Paduano</a> – Party List – <a href="/wiki/Abang_Lingkod" title="Abang Lingkod">ABANG LINGKOD</a></li> <li>Wilter "Sharky" Wee Palma II – Zamboanga Sibugay, 1st District</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Pacquiao" title="Bobby Pacquiao">Alberto "Bobby" Dapidran Pacquiao</a> – Party List – OFW FAMILY</li> <li>Eddiebong G. Plaza – Agusan del Sur, 2nd District</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Puno" title="Roberto Puno">Roberto "Robbie" Villanueva Puno</a> – Antipolo, 1st District</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_Revilla" title="Strike Revilla">Strike Bautista Revilla</a> – Cavite, 2nd District</li> <li>Michael Odylon L. Romero – Party List – 1-PACMAN</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Romualdez" title="Martin Romualdez">Ferdinand Martin Gomez Romualdez</a> – Leyte, 1st District</li> <li>Xavier Jesus D. Romualdo – Camiguin, Lone District</li> <li>Rogelio Neil P. Roque – Bukidnon, 4th District</li> <li>Hector S. Sanchez – Catanduanes, Lone District</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilma_Santos" title="Vilma Santos">Vilma Santos-Recto</a> – Batangas, 6th District</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Mary_S._Sarmiento" class="mw-redirect" title="Edgar Mary S. Sarmiento">Edgar Mary S. Sarmiento</a> – Samar, 1st District</li> <li>Deogracias Victor "DV" Savellano – Ilocos Sur, 1st District</li> <li>Rowena "Niña" O. Taduran – Party List – Party List <a href="/wiki/ACT-CIS_Partylist" title="ACT-CIS Partylist">ACT-CIS</a></li> <li>Samier A. Tan – Sulu, 1st District</li> <li>Sharee Ann T. Tan – <a href="/wiki/Samar%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Samar's 2nd congressional district">Samar, 2nd District</a>, withdrew authorship on June 3, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_I._Tejada" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose I. Tejada">Jose "Ping-Ping" I. Tejada</a> – North Cotabato, 3rd District, withdrew authorship on June 7, 2020<a href="#cite_note-houseBill6875Search-49">[49]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rey_Tiangco" title="John Rey Tiangco">John Reynald Marcelo Tiangco</a> – Navotas, Lone District</li> <li>Jocelyn P. Tulfo – Party List – Party List <a href="/wiki/ACT-CIS_Partylist" title="ACT-CIS Partylist">ACT-CIS</a></li> <li>Raul "Boboy" C. Tupas – Iloilo, 5th District</li> <li>Vicente "Ching" S.E. Veloso – Leyte, 3rd District</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Raymund_Villafuerte" title="Luis Raymund Villafuerte">Luis Raymund "LRay" Favis Villafuerte, Jr.</a> – Camarines Sur, 2nd District</li> <li>Camille A. Villar – Las Piñas, Lone District</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Yap" title="Eric Yap">Eric Go Yap</a> – Party List – Party List <a href="/wiki/ACT-CIS_Partylist" title="ACT-CIS Partylist">ACT-CIS</a></li></ul> </div> The House of Representatives voted 173–31 in favor of the bill, with 29 abstentions, but was corrected to 168–36 a day after to reflect corrections and retractions from members. The members voted in the plenary and via <a href="/wiki/Zoom_(software)" title="Zoom (software)">Zoom</a> and recorded in their "All Members" <a href="/wiki/Viber" title="Viber">Viber</a> community<a href="#cite_note-PDI20LawmakersStepBack-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Republic_Act_No._11479:_Signing_of_the_law">Republic Act No. 11479: Signing of the law</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Republic Act No. 11479: Signing of the law">edit</a>]</div> The law was signed by President <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte">Rodrigo Duterte</a> on July 3, 2020, in the midst of the ongoing <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> and comes as part of the Philippines continued fight against terrorism in its borders.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> Proponents of the law have cited the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Marawi" title="Siege of Marawi">siege of Marawi</a> in 2017 as well as criminal activities from the <a href="/wiki/ISIL_territorial_claims" class="mw-redirect" title="ISIL territorial claims">Islamic State</a>-linked <a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayyaf" title="Abu Sayyaf">Abu Sayyaf</a> group, <a href="/wiki/New_People%27s_Army" title="New People's Army">New People's Army Communist Rebels</a>, and other supposed emerging threats to peace and public safety.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> According to Justice Secretary Menardo Guevarra, the law took effect on July 18, 2020, 15 days after it was published in the website of the <a href="/wiki/Official_Gazette_(Philippines)" title="Official Gazette (Philippines)">Official Gazette</a>.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-NoIRRasof20200718-53">[53]</a> The Department of Justice released the law's implementing rules and regulations on October 16, 2020.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Proposal_for_repeal">Proposal for repeal</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Proposal for repeal">edit</a>]</div> In 2022, Kabataan party-list Rep. <a href="/wiki/Raoul_Manuel" title="Raoul Manuel">Raoul Manuel</a>, ACT Teachers party-list Rep. <a href="/wiki/France_Castro" title="France Castro">France Castro</a>, and Gabriela women’s party-list Rep. <a href="/wiki/Arlene_Brosas" title="Arlene Brosas">Arlene Brosas</a> filed a bill in Congress that sought to repeal the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020, which supposedly violates the Philippines' international commitment to uphold human rights.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_challenges_in_the_Supreme_Court">Legal challenges in the Supreme Court</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Legal challenges in the Supreme Court">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox scotus"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="font-style: italic">Atty. Howard Calleja et, al. vs. Executive Secretary et, al.<hr /></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_Republic_of_the_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Seal_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_Republic_of_the_Philippines.svg/180px-Seal_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_Republic_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Seal_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_Republic_of_the_Philippines.svg/270px-Seal_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_Republic_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Seal_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_Republic_of_the_Philippines.svg/360px-Seal_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_Republic_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="712" data-file-height="712" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Court</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court of the Philippines</a> <a href="/wiki/En_banc" title="En banc">en banc</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="white-space:nowrap">Full case name</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Atty. Howard M. Calleja, et al. Vs. Executive Secretary, et al./Rep. Edcel C. Lagman Vs. Executive Secretary Salvador C. Medialdea, et al./Melencio S. Sta. Maria, et al. Vs. Executive Secretary Salvador C. Medialdea, et al./Baya Muna Party-List Representative Carlos Isagani T. Zarate, et al. Vs. President Rodrigo Duterte, et al./Rudolf Philip B. Jurado Vs. The Anti-Terrorism Council, et al./Center for Trade Union and Human Rights (CTUHR), et al. Vs. Hon. Rodrigo R. Duterte, et al./Christian S. Monsod, et al. Vs. Executive Secretary Salvador C. Medialdea, et al./Sanlakas, Represented by Marie Marguerite M. Lopez Vs. Rodrigo R. Duterte, et al./Federation of Free Workers (FFW-NAGKAISA) here represented by its National President Atty. Jose Sonny Matula, et al Vs. Office of the President of the Republic of the Philippines, et al./Jose J. Ferrer, Jr. Vs. Executive Secretary Salvador C. Medialdea, et al./Bagong Alyansang Makabayan (BAYAN) Secretary General Renato Reyes, Jr., et al. Vs. H.E. Rodrigo R. Duterte, et al./Antonio T. Carpio, et al. Vs. Anti-Terrorism Council, et al./Ma. Ceres P. Doyo, et al. Vs. Salvador Medialdea, et al./National Union of Journalist of the Philippines, et al. Vs. Anti-Terrorism Council, et al./Kabataang Tagapagtanggol ng Karapatan Represented by Its National Convener Bryan Ezra C. Gonzales, et a. Vs. Executive Secretary Salvador C. Medialdea, et al./Algamar A. Latiph, et al. Vs. Senate, represented by its President, Vicente C. Sotto, et al./The Alternative Law Groups, Inc. (ALG) Vs. Executive Secretary Salvador C. Medialdea, et al./Bishop Broderick S. Pabillo, et al. Vs. President Rodrigo R. Duterte, et al./General Assembly of Women for Reforms, Integrity, Equality, Leadership and Action (GABRIELA) Inc., et al. Vs. President Rodrigo Roa Duterte, et al./Lawrence A. Yerbo Vs. Offices of the Honorable Senate President and Honorable Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines/Hendy Abendan of Center for Youth Participation and Development Initiatives, et al. Vs. Hon. Salvador C. Medialdea, et al./Concerned Online Citizens represented and Joined by Mark L. Averilla, et al. Vs. Executive Secretary Salvador C. Medialdea, et al./Concerned Lawyers for Civil Liberties (CLCL) Members Rene A.V. Saguisag, et al. Vs. President Rodrigo Roa Duterte, et al./Beverly Longid, et al. Vs. Anti-Terrorism Council, et al./Center for International Law (CENTERLAW), Inc., et al. Vs. Senate of the Philippines, et al./Main T. Mohammad, et al. Vs. Executive Secretary Salvador C. Medialdea, et al./Brgy. Maglaking, San Carlos City, Pangasinan, et al. Vs. Rodrigo R. Duterte, et al./Association of Major Religious Superiors in the Philippines, et al. Vs. Executive Secretary Salvador C. Medialdea, et al./University of the Philippines (UP)-System Faculty Regent Dr. Ramon Guillermo, et al. Vs. H.E, Rodrigo R. Duterte, et al./Philippine Bar Association Vs. The Executive Secretary, et al./Balay Rehabilitation Center, Inc. (BALAY), et al. Vs. Rodrigo R. Duterte, et al./Itegrated Bar of the Philippines, et al. Vs. Senate of the Philippines, et al./Coordinating Council for People's Development and Governance, Inc. (CPDG), et al. Rodrigo R. Duterte, et al./Philippine Misereor Partnership, Inc., et al. Vs. Executive Secretary Salvador C. Medialdea, et al./Pagkakaisa ng Kababaihan Para sa Kalayaan (KAISA KA), et al. Vs. Anti-Terrorism Council, et al./Anak Mindanao (AMIN) Party-List representative Amihilda Sangcopan, et al. Vs. The Executive Secretary, Hon. Salvador Medialdea, et al./Haroun Alashid Alonto Lucman, Jr., et al. Vs. Salvador C. Medialdea, et al. </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Decided</th><td class="infobox-data">December 7, 2021 (2021-12-07)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citation</th><td class="infobox-data">G. R. No. 252578 et, al.</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="white-space:nowrap">Questions presented</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Constitutionality of Republic Act No. 11479 or the Anti-Terror Act of 2020</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="white-space:nowrap">Ruling</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_legal_terms#ponente" title="List of Philippine legal terms">Ponente</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Justice <a href="/wiki/Rosmari_Carandang" title="Rosmari Carandang">Rosmari Carandang</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Supreme Court declared the assailed legislation partly constitutional.</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="white-space:nowrap">Court membership</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Judges sitting</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Gesmundo" title="Alexander Gesmundo">Alexander Gesmundo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estela_Bernabe" class="mw-redirect" title="Estela Bernabe">Estela Perlas Bernabe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marvic_Leonen" title="Marvic Leonen">Marvic Leonen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Benjamin_Caguioa" title="Alfredo Benjamin Caguioa">Alfredo Benjamin Caguioa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ramon_Paul_Hernando" title="Ramon Paul Hernando">Ramon Paul Hernando</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rosmari_Carandang" title="Rosmari Carandang">Rosmari Carandang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amy_Lazaro-Javier" title="Amy Lazaro-Javier">Amy Lazaro-Javier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henri_Jean_Paul_Inting" title="Henri Jean Paul Inting">Henri Jean Paul Inting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rodil_Zalameda" title="Rodil Zalameda">Rodil Zalameda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mario_Lopez_(jurist)" title="Mario Lopez (jurist)">Mario Lopez</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Gaerlan" title="Samuel Gaerlan">Samuel Gaerlan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Rosario" title="Ricardo Rosario">Ricardo Rosario</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jhosep_Lopez" title="Jhosep Lopez">Jhosep Lopez</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japar_Dimaampao" title="Japar Dimaampao">Japar Dimaampao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Midas_Marquez" title="Midas Marquez">Midas Marquez</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Concur/dissent</th><td class="infobox-data">Justices Gesmundo, Perlas-Bernabe, Leonen, Caguioa, Lopez, Gaerlan, Lopez.</td></tr></tbody></table> The law is currently being challenged in the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court</a> by multiple groups. Oral arguments began on February 2, 2021, after it was initially delayed due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> 37 petitions were filed before the Supreme Court.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Citation </th> <th>Petition </th></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252578 </td> <td>Howard Calleja, et al. (includes the <a href="/wiki/De_La_Salle_Brothers" title="De La Salle Brothers">De La Salle Brothers</a> led by former Education Secretary Br. <a href="/wiki/Armin_Luistro" title="Armin Luistro">Armin Luistro</a> and other civic groups) vs. <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Executive_Secretary_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of the Executive Secretary of the Philippines">Executive Secretary</a>, et al.<a href="#cite_note-rapplerLawyersCivicLeaders-58">[58]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252579 </td> <td>Representative <a href="/wiki/Edcel_Lagman" title="Edcel Lagman">Edcel Lagman</a> (Albay's 1st district) vs. <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Medialdea" title="Salvador Medialdea">Salvador Medialdea</a>, et al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252580 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mel_Sta._Maria" title="Mel Sta. Maria">Melencio Sta. Maria</a>, et al. (<a href="/wiki/Far_Eastern_University_Institute_of_Law" title="Far Eastern University Institute of Law">Far Eastern University Institute of Law</a> professors) vs. Salvador Medialdea, et al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252585 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Isagani_Zarate" title="Carlos Isagani Zarate">Carlos Isagani Zarate</a>, et al. (<a href="/wiki/Makabayang_Koalisyon_ng_Mamamayan" class="mw-redirect" title="Makabayang Koalisyon ng Mamamayan">Makabayan Bloc</a>) vs. Rodrigo Duterte, et al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252613 </td> <td>Former Office of the Government Corporate Counsel (OGCC) chief Rudolf Jurado vs. Anti-Terrorism Council, et al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252623 </td> <td>Center for Trade Union and Human Rights, et al. vs. Rodrigo Duterte, et al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252624 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Christian_Monsod" title="Christian Monsod">Christian Monsod</a>, et al. (with Felicitas Arroyo, <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Constitutional_Commission_of_1986" title="Philippine Constitutional Commission of 1986">Framers of the Constitution</a> with <a href="/wiki/Ateneo_School_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Ateneo School of Law">Ateneo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Xavier_University_%E2%80%93_Ateneo_de_Cagayan" title="Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan">Xavier</a> law professors, the Ateneo Human Rights Center, <a href="/wiki/Jesuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit">Jesuit</a> priest Albert Alejo and the labor federation Sentro ng mga Nagkakaisa at Progresibong Manggagawa (SENTRO)) vs. Salvador Medialdea, et al.<a href="#cite_note-rapplerConstitutionFramersAteneoProfessors-59">[59]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252646 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sanlakas" title="Sanlakas">SANLAKAS</a> party-list vs. Rodrigo Duterte, et al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252702 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Free_Workers" title="Federation of Free Workers">Federation of Free Workers</a> (FFW), et al. (labor groups Nagkaisa Labor Coalition (Nagkaisa) and <a href="/wiki/Kilusang_Mayo_Uno" title="Kilusang Mayo Uno">Kilusang Mayo Uno</a> (KMU)) vs. Office of the President, et al.<a href="#cite_note-rapplerLaborGroups-60">[60]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252726 </td> <td>José Ferrer Jr. vs. Salvador Medialdea, et al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252733 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bagong_Alyansang_Makabayan" title="Bagong Alyansang Makabayan">Bagong Alyansang Makabayan</a> (Bayan), et al. (includes 44 leaders and the National Union of Peoples Lawyers (NUPL), <a href="/wiki/Movement_Against_Tyranny" title="Movement Against Tyranny">Movement Against Tyranny</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Karapatan" title="Karapatan">Karapatan</a>) vs. Rodrigo Duterte, et al.<a href="#cite_note-10thPetition-61">[61]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252736 </td> <td>Retired Supreme Court Associate Justice <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Carpio" title="Antonio Carpio">Antonio Carpio</a>, et al. (Retired Supreme Court Associate Justice and former Ombudsman <a href="/wiki/Conchita_Carpio-Morales" title="Conchita Carpio-Morales">Conchita Carpio-Morales</a> with <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Philippines_College_of_Law" title="University of the Philippines College of Law">University of the Philippines</a> law professors) vs. Anti-Terrorism Council, et al.<a href="#cite_note-UP_Law-62">[62]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252741 </td> <td>Columnist <a href="/wiki/Ma._Ceres_Doyo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma. Ceres Doyo">Ma. Ceres Doyo</a>, et al. (Senators <a href="/wiki/Kiko_Pangilinan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiko Pangilinan">Kiko Pangilinan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leila_de_Lima" title="Leila de Lima">Leila de Lima</a>, former senators <a href="/wiki/Serge_Osme%C3%B1a" title="Serge Osmeña">Serge Osmeña</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Ta%C3%B1ada" class="mw-redirect" title="Bobby Tañada">Bobby Tañada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quezon_City" title="Quezon City">Quezon City</a> representative Kit Belmonte, former Quezon representative <a href="/wiki/Erin_Ta%C3%B1ada" title="Erin Tañada">Erin Tañada</a>, framers of the constitution Florangel Braid and Ed Garcia, journalists <a href="/wiki/Maria_Ressa" title="Maria Ressa">Maria Ressa</a>, Chay Hofileña, Jo-Ann Maglipon, John Nery, former human rights commissioner <a href="/wiki/Etta_Rosales" title="Etta Rosales">Etta Rosales</a>, human rights lawyer <a href="/wiki/Chel_Diokno" title="Chel Diokno">Chel Diokno</a>—represented by the <a href="/wiki/Free_Legal_Assistance_Group" title="Free Legal Assistance Group">Free Legal Assistance Group (FLAG)</a>) vs. Salvador Medialdea, et al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252747 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Journalists_of_the_Philippines" title="National Union of Journalists of the Philippines">National Union of Journalists of the Philippines</a>, et al. (artists and cultural workers) vs. Anti-Terrorism Council, et al.<a href="#cite_note-rapplerSenatorsJournalistsMorosFollowSuit-63">[63]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252755 </td> <td>Kabataang Tagapagtanggol ng Karapatan, et al. (16 youth groups including student organizations from <a href="/wiki/De_La_Salle_University" title="De La Salle University">De La Salle University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ateneo_de_Manila_University" title="Ateneo de Manila University">Ateneo de Manila University</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Philippines_Diliman" title="University of the Philippines Diliman">University of the Philippines Diliman</a>, and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Santo_Tomas" title="University of Santo Tomas">University of Santo Tomas</a>, represented by young lawyer Dino de Leon) vs. Executive Secretary </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252759 </td> <td>Algamar Latiph, et al. (<a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro">Bangsamoro</a> residents) vs. Senate, et al.<a href="#cite_note-Bangsamoro-64">[64]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252765 </td> <td>Alternative Law Groups, Inc. (ALG) (a coalition of 18 legal resource non-governmental organizations) vs. Medialdea<a href="#cite_note-lawGroups17th-65">[65]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252767 </td> <td>Manila Bishop Broderick Pabillo, San Carlos, Negros Occidental Bishop Gerardo Alminaza, United Church of Christ in the Philippines Bishop Emergencio Padillo and 17 others vs. Duterte, et al.<a href="#cite_note-religiousGroupsSC-66">[66]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252768 </td> <td>Gabriela vs. Duterte, et al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>UDK 1663 </td> <td>Lawrence Yerbo vs. Offices of the Honorable Senate President and Speaker </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252802 </td> <td>Henry Abendan and other <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Philippines_Cebu" title="University of the Philippines Cebu">University of the Philippines Cebu</a> students vs. Medialdea </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252809 </td> <td>Concerned Online Citizens led by Mark Averilla (popularly known as Macoy Dubs) vs. Medialdea <a href="#cite_note-Tiktoker-67">[67]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252903 </td> <td>Concerned Lawyers For Civil Liberties members including former Vice-president <a href="/wiki/Jejomar_Binay" title="Jejomar Binay">Jejomar Binay</a> and former Senator <a href="/wiki/Rene_Saguisag" title="Rene Saguisag">Rene Saguisag</a> vs. Duterte, et al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252904 </td> <td>Int'l Indigenous Peoples Movement for Self-Determination & Liberation global coordinator Beverly Longid, former <a href="/wiki/ARMM_Regional_Legislative_Assembly" title="ARMM Regional Legislative Assembly">ARMM Regional Legislative Assembly</a> member <a href="/wiki/Samira_Gutoc" title="Samira Gutoc">Samira Gutoc</a>, et al. vs. Anti-Terrorism Council </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252905 </td> <td>Center for International Law, Inc., <a href="/wiki/Vera_Files" title="Vera Files">Vera Files</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lyceum_of_the_Philippines_University" title="Lyceum of the Philippines University">Lyceum of the Philippines University</a> College of Law faculty, et al. vs. Senate </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252916 </td> <td>Suspected Abu Sayyaf Group members Main Mohammad, Jimmy Bla and Nazr Dilangalen, and Philippine Alliance of Human Advocates vs. Executive Secretary </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252921 </td> <td>Several <a href="/wiki/Sangguniang_Kabataan" title="Sangguniang Kabataan">Sangguniang Kabataan</a> officials led by Lemuel Gio Fernandez Cayabyab of Barangay Magtaking, <a href="/wiki/San_Carlos,_Pangasinan" title="San Carlos, Pangasinan">San Carlos, Pangasinan</a> vs. Duterte </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 252984 </td> <td>Association of Major Religious Superiors in the Philippines, et al. vs. Medialdea, et al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 253018 </td> <td>University of the Philippines Faculty Regent Dr. Ramon Guillermo, et al. vs. Rodrigo Duterte et, al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 253100 </td> <td>Philippine Bar Association Inc. vs. The Executive Secretary, et, al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 253118 </td> <td>Balay Rehabilitation Center Inc. et, al. vs. Rodrigo Duterte, et, al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 253124 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Bar_of_the_Philippines" title="Integrated Bar of the Philippines">Integrated Bar of the Philippines</a> et, al. vs, <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Senate of the Philippines</a> et, al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 253242 </td> <td>Coordination Council for People's Development and Governance Inc. (CPDG) et, al. vs. Rodrigo Duterte, et al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 253252 </td> <td>Philippine Misereor Partnership Inc. et, al. vs, Rodrigo Duterte et, al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 253254 </td> <td>Pagkakaisa ng Kababaihan Para sa Kalayaan (KAISA KA) et, al. vs. Anti Terrorism Council et, al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>UDK 16714 </td> <td>Anak Mindanao Partylist (AMIN) et, al. vs, Medialdea et, al. </td></tr> <tr> <td>G.R. No. 253420 </td> <td>Haroun Alrashid Alonto Lucman, et, al. vs, Medialdea, et, al. </td></tr></tbody></table> On December 9, 2021, the Supreme Court announced that except for the qualifier to the proviso in Section 4 of R.A. No. 11479, i.e., "… which are not intended to cause death or serious physical harm to a person, to endanger a person's life, or to create a serious risk to public safety" and the second method for designation in Section 25 paragraph 2 of the same law, i.e., "Request for designation by other jurisdictions or supranational jurisdictions," the rest of the challenged provisions of the law are declared not unconstitutional. It further advised the parties and the public to await the publication of the decision and the separate opinions for the explanation of the votes.<a href="#cite_note-:2-4">[4]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Challenges_to_allegations_of_violating_the_anti-terror_law">Challenges to allegations of violating the anti-terror law</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Challenges to allegations of violating the anti-terror law">edit</a>]</div> In 2021, the Olongapo Regional Trial Court acquitted Japer Gurung and Junior Ramos, Indigenous Aeta residents of Zamboanga, in the first known anti-terror law case, ruling that the accusations were the result of mistaken identities.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> In November 2023, the prosecutor's office in Santa Rosa City in Laguna rejected a complaint against human rights worker Hailey Pecayo and other activists over the alleged violation of the anti-terror law.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> In the same month, a prosecutor in Antipolo, Rizal, dismissed anti-terror law charges against human rights activists Kenneth Rementilla and Jasmine Rubia.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> In November 2023, Windel Bolinget and three other Indigenous rights workers of the Cordillera People's Alliance filed a case before the Baguio Regional Trial Court challenging their designation as terrorists by the Anti-Terrorism Council.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Responses_and_reactions">Responses and reactions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Responses and reactions">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International">International</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: International">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_States">United States</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: United States">edit</a>]</div> On July 15, 2020, 50 members of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> urged Ambassador <a href="/wiki/Jose_Manuel_Romualdez" title="Jose Manuel Romualdez">Jose Manuel Romualdez</a> to request the Government of the Philippines to consider repealing the "oppressive and unnecessary legislation".<a href="#cite_note-CWAUnionOrg-Letter-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> The 50 representatives are: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raul_Grijalva" class="mw-redirect" title="Raul Grijalva">Raul Grijalva</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>) representing <a href="/wiki/Arizona%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Arizona's 3rd congressional district">Arizona's 3rd congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Thompson_(California_politician)" title="Mike Thompson (California politician)">Mike Thompson</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/California%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="California's 5th congressional district">California's 5th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Lee" title="Barbara Lee">Barbara Lee</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/California%27s_13th_congressional_district" title="California's 13th congressional district">California's 13th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Speier" title="Jackie Speier">Jackie Speier</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/California%27s_14th_congressional_district" title="California's 14th congressional district">California's 14th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Swalwell" title="Eric Swalwell">Eric Swalwell</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/California%27s_15th_congressional_district" title="California's 15th congressional district">California's 15th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ro_Khanna" title="Ro Khanna">Ro Khanna</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/California%27s_17th_congressional_district" title="California's 17th congressional district">California's 17th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Eshoo" title="Anna Eshoo">Anna Eshoo</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/California%27s_18th_congressional_district" title="California's 18th congressional district">California's 18th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Chu" title="Judy Chu">Judy Chu</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/California%27s_27th_congressional_district" title="California's 27th congressional district">California's 27th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Schiff" title="Adam Schiff">Adam Schiff</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/California%27s_28th_congressional_district" title="California's 28th congressional district">California's 28th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Cardenas" class="mw-redirect" title="Tony Cardenas">Tony Cardenas</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/California%27s_29th_congressional_district" title="California's 29th congressional district">California's 29th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Gomez" title="Jimmy Gomez">Jimmy Gomez</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/California%27s_34th_congressional_district" title="California's 34th congressional district">California's 34th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gil_Cisneros" title="Gil Cisneros">Gil Cisneros</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/California%27s_39th_congressional_district" title="California's 39th congressional district">California's 39th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katie_Porter" title="Katie Porter">Katie Porter</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/California%27s_45th_congressional_district" title="California's 45th congressional district">California's 45th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Lowenthal" title="Alan Lowenthal">Alan Lowenthal</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/California%27s_47th_congressional_district" title="California's 47th congressional district">California's 47th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Vargas" title="Juan Vargas">Juan Vargas</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/California%27s_51st_congressional_district" title="California's 51st congressional district">California's 51st congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Davis_(politician)" title="Susan Davis (politician)">Susan Davis</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/California%27s_53rd_congressional_district" title="California's 53rd congressional district">California's 53rd congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_DeLauro" title="Rosa DeLauro">Rosa DeLauro</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Connecticut%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Connecticut's 3rd congressional district">Connecticut's 3rd congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Deutch" title="Ted Deutch">Ted Deutch</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Florida%27s_22nd_congressional_district" title="Florida's 22nd congressional district">Florida's 22nd congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hank_Johnson" title="Hank Johnson">Hank Johnson</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Georgia%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Georgia's 4th congressional district">Georgia's 4th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Rush" title="Bobby Rush">Bobby Rush</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 1st congressional district">Illinois's 1st congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_%22Chuy%22_Garcia" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus "Chuy" Garcia">Jesus "Chuy" Garcia</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 4th congressional district">Illinois's 4th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_K._Davis" class="mw-redirect" title="Danny K. Davis">Danny K. Davis</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 7th congressional district">Illinois's 7th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Schakowsky" title="Jan Schakowsky">Jan Schakowsky</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 9th congressional district">Illinois's 9th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamie_Raskin" title="Jamie Raskin">Jamie Raskin</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 8th congressional district">Maryland's 8th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_McGovern_(American_politician)" title="Jim McGovern (American politician)">Jim McGovern</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27_2nd_congressional_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Massachusetts' 2nd congressional district">Massachusetts' 2nd congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_F._Lynch" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen F. Lynch">Stephen F. Lynch</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27_8th_congressional_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Massachusetts' 8th congressional district">Massachusetts' 8th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Levin" title="Andy Levin">Andy Levin</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Michigan%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Michigan's 9th congressional district">Michigan's 9th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Phillips" title="Dean Phillips">Dean Phillips</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Minnesota%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Minnesota's 3rd congressional district">Minnesota's 3rd congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_McCollum" title="Betty McCollum">Betty McCollum</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Minnesota%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Minnesota's 4th congressional district">Minnesota's 4th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilhan_Omar" title="Ilhan Omar">Ilhan Omar</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Minnesota%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Minnesota's 5th congressional district">Minnesota's 5th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Smith_(New_Jersey_politician)" title="Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)">Chris Smith</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>) representing <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="New Jersey's 4th congressional district">New Jersey's 4th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deb_Haaland" title="Deb Haaland">Deb Haaland</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="New Mexico's 1st congressional district">New Mexico's 1st congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nydia_Velazquez" class="mw-redirect" title="Nydia Velazquez">Nydia Velazquez</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="New York's 7th congressional district">New York's 7th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Maloney" title="Carolyn Maloney">Carolyn Maloney</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_12th_congressional_district" title="New York's 12th congressional district">New York's 12th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriano_Espaillat" title="Adriano Espaillat">Adriano Espaillat</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_13th_congressional_district" title="New York's 13th congressional district">New York's 13th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandria_Ocasio-Cortez" title="Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez">Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_14th_congressional_district" title="New York's 14th congressional district">New York's 14th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_E._Serrano" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose E. Serrano">Jose E. Serrano</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_15th_congressional_district" title="New York's 15th congressional district">New York's 15th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliot_Engel" title="Eliot Engel">Eliot Engel</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_16th_congressional_district" title="New York's 16th congressional district">New York's 16th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Tonko" title="Paul Tonko">Paul Tonko</a> (D)representing <a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_20th_congressional_district" title="New York's 20th congressional district">New York's 20th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcy_Kaptur" title="Marcy Kaptur">Marcy Kaptur</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 9th congressional district">Ohio's 9th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Bonamici" title="Suzanne Bonamici">Suzanne Bonamici</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Oregon%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Oregon's 1st congressional district">Oregon's 1st congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Blumenauer" title="Earl Blumenauer">Earl Blumenauer</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Oregon%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Oregon's 3rd congressional district">Oregon's 3rd congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Fitzpatrick_(American_politician)" title="Brian Fitzpatrick (American politician)">Brian Fitzpatrick</a> (R) representing <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district">Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">Eddie Bernice Johnson</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_30th_congressional_district" title="Texas's 30th congressional district">Texas's 30th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Allred" title="Colin Allred">Colin Allred</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_32nd_congressional_district" title="Texas's 32nd congressional district">Texas's 32nd congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Welch" title="Peter Welch">Peter Welch</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Vermont%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Vermont's at-large congressional district">Vermont's at-large congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Scott_(politician)" title="Bobby Scott (politician)">Bobby Scott (politician)</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Virginia%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Virginia's 3rd congressional district">Virginia's 3rd congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pramila_Jayapal" title="Pramila Jayapal">Pramila Jayapal</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Washington%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Washington's 7th congressional district">Washington's 7th congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Pocan" title="Mark Pocan">Mark Pocan</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district">Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Holmes_Norton" title="Eleanor Holmes Norton">Eleanor Holmes Norton</a> (D) representing <a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_Nations">United Nations</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: United Nations">edit</a>]</div> On June 30, 2020, at the 44th regular session of the <a href="/wiki/UN_Human_Rights_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="UN Human Rights Council">UN Human Rights Council</a> in Geneva, Switzerland. The <a href="/wiki/UN_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="UN High Commissioner for Human Rights">UN High Commissioner for Human Rights</a> <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Bachelet" title="Michelle Bachelet">Michelle Bachelet</a> has criticized the then proposed bill saying it could have a "chilling effect" on human rights work in the country and called for restraint on signing the bill from President Duterte.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> In November 2023, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights in the context of climate change Ian Fry urged the government to repeal the Anti-Terrorism Act and abolish the <a href="/wiki/National_Task_Force_to_End_Local_Communist_Armed_Conflict" title="National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict">National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict</a>. Fry also suggested that the government set up a "truth and reconciliation process to deal with the harm that has been caused by the military to members of the community."<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Amnesty_International">Amnesty International</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Amnesty International">edit</a>]</div> Nicholas Bequelin, <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a>'s Asia-Pacific Regional Director, has said upon hearing news of the law being signed: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">"This law's introduction is the latest example of the country's ever-worsening human rights record. Once again, this shows why the UN should launch a formal investigation into ongoing widespread and systematic violations in the country."<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Greenpeace">edit</a>]</div> The Southeast Asia office of <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a> urged the repeal of the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020 due to its "sweeping definition of terrorism" which it said could be abused to stifle dissent.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Others">Others</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Others">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> called the bill's enactment as "another nail in the coffin of the Philippines' waning democracy."<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Diplomat_(magazine)" title="The Diplomat (magazine)">The Diplomat</a> has stated that the law "takes aim at dissent."<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> While <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Media_Network" title="Al Jazeera Media Network">Al Jazeera</a> notes that the law is "poised to cause more terror."<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> Various international artists have expressed dissent against the legislation, including <a href="/wiki/Taylor_Swift" title="Taylor Swift">Taylor Swift</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> Swedish environmental activist <a href="/wiki/Greta_Thunberg" title="Greta Thunberg">Greta Thunberg</a> also joined the petition against anti-terrorism law.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> German <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_denial" title="Climate change denial">Climate change denier</a> and right-wing activist <a href="/wiki/Naomi_Seibt" title="Naomi Seibt">Naomi Seibt</a> condemn Greta Thunberg's opposition to the anti-terror law for attacking the Philippine Government and give a support to the anti-terrorism act. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local">Local</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Local">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Neri_Colmenares,_Anti-Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020_Mobilization,_December_2021.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Neri_Colmenares%2C_Anti-Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020_Mobilization%2C_December_2021.jpg/220px-Neri_Colmenares%2C_Anti-Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020_Mobilization%2C_December_2021.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Neri_Colmenares%2C_Anti-Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020_Mobilization%2C_December_2021.jpg/330px-Neri_Colmenares%2C_Anti-Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020_Mobilization%2C_December_2021.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Neri_Colmenares%2C_Anti-Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020_Mobilization%2C_December_2021.jpg/440px-Neri_Colmenares%2C_Anti-Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020_Mobilization%2C_December_2021.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Neri_Colmenares" title="Neri Colmenares">Neri Colmenares</a>, speaking at a mobilization against the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020, December, 2021</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Commission_on_Human_Rights">Commission on Human Rights</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Commission on Human Rights">edit</a>]</div> The Philippine <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Human_Rights_(Philippines)" title="Commission on Human Rights (Philippines)">Commission on Human Rights</a> in June 2020 aired concerns that the passage of the draft law was being railroaded in Congress.<a href="#cite_note-:3-84">[84]</a> It described the draft law as "highly intrusive" and open to abuse by state forces.<a href="#cite_note-:3-84">[84]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bangsamoro_Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao">Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">edit</a>]</div> On July 2, 2020, the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Parliament" title="Bangsamoro Parliament">Bangsamoro Parliament</a> passed a resolution urging President Rodrigo Duterte to veto the anti-terrorism bill, arguing that it would lead to abuses and would unfairly target <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Philippines" title="Islam in the Philippines">Muslim Filipinos</a> who have historically faced <a href="/wiki/Islamophobia" title="Islamophobia">religious discrimination</a>.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> After the passage of the bill into law, Chief Minister <a href="/wiki/Murad_Ebrahim" title="Murad Ebrahim">Murad Ebrahim</a> released a statement saying that Bangsamoro regional government fully respects President Duterte's decision to sign the bill into law and that it would seek representation in the Anti-Terrorism Council.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> In response, presidential spokesperson Harry Roque pointed out that the law does not provide for a council seat for the Bangsamoro regional government although the same law mandates the council to coordinate with the autonomous region's government.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Philippine_Independence_Day_protests">Philippine Independence Day protests</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Philippine Independence Day protests">edit</a>]</div> More than 1,000 students and <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_defender" title="Human rights defender">human rights activists</a> gathered inside the <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Philippines_Diliman" title="University of the Philippines Diliman">UP Diliman</a> campus on June 12, 2020, coinciding on <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Philippines)" title="Independence Day (Philippines)">122nd Independence Day</a> from Spanish colonial rule, dubbed it as "Grand Mañanita".<a href="#cite_note-grandmananita1-88">[88]</a> They called for the government to "junk" the proposed bill stating fears that it would curtail basic human rights and freedom of speech and dissent. The rally was held despite a government ban on mass gatherings under the <a href="/wiki/General_community_quarantine" class="mw-redirect" title="General community quarantine">general community quarantine</a> in <a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a> and other parts of the country because of the pandemic. Protesters could be seen wearing masks and practicing social distancing.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-90">[90]</a> Similar demonstrations were held by activists in various cities such as <a href="/wiki/Baguio" title="Baguio">Baguio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Legazpi,_Albay" title="Legazpi, Albay">Legazpi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cebu_City" title="Cebu City">Cebu City</a>. Demonstrations were also held at other universities such as the <a href="/wiki/De_La_Salle_University" title="De La Salle University">De La Salle University</a> in Manila.<a href="#cite_note-:1-90">[90]</a> Activist Mae Paner also present at the event, dressed up like Metro Manila Police Chief <a href="/wiki/Debold_Sinas" title="Debold Sinas">Debold Sinas</a> who was faced controversy over his birthday celebration on May 8, 2020, which the police called it "Mananita".<a href="#cite_note-grandmananita1-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Churches_and_religious_organizations">Churches and religious organizations</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Churches and religious organizations">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Churches_in_the_Philippines" title="National Council of Churches in the Philippines">National Council of Churches in the Philippines</a>, a fellowship of ten Philippine Protestant denominations, denounced the bill as "a travesty against God's will as it gives the government, or even just a few persons in the Anti-terrorism Council, the absolute power that determines what course people's lives will take by putting forward a very vague definition of terrorism."<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Council_of_Evangelical_Churches" title="Philippine Council of Evangelical Churches">Philippine Council of Evangelical Churches</a> had likewise expressed reservations about the bill, saying "We firmly believe this Act imperils the rights of Filipinos and sense of dignity which, having its origin in God, our laws are called to uphold and protect." The PCEC specifically cited "vague definitions of terrorism, and the extended period of warrantless detention, which opens the way to serious abuses of a person's rights and dignity" as reasons for concern.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Others_2">Others</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Others">edit</a>]</div> The National Federation of Peasant Women (Amihan) have said that the rising cases of red-tagging in the country confirm the prevalent criticisms against the controversial legislation.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> The Association of Major Religious Superiors in the Philippines (AMRSP), which brings together the heads of men and women religious orders in the country, have expressed their dissent against the law, which they say may "assault human dignity and human rights."<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> Various Filipino artists have also expressed disappointment and dissent against the signing of the bill.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> Members of the Filipino art community have also expressed their dissent.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> But Dr. Rommel C. Banlaoi, chair of the Philippine Institute for Peace, Violence and Terrorism<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> defends the need to have a new Philippine anti-terrorism law as threats of terrorism in the Philippines have escalated even during the COVID-19 pandemic.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> Nonetheless, Dr. Banlaoi encourages those opposed to the anti-terrorism law to continue what they are doing in order to remain vigilant and to ensure human rights protection during the implementation of the said law.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Celebrities, including former <a href="/wiki/Miss_Universe" title="Miss Universe">Miss Universe</a> titlists <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Diaz" title="Gloria Diaz">Gloria Diaz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pia_Wurtzbach" title="Pia Wurtzbach">Pia Wurtzbach</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Catriona_Gray" title="Catriona Gray">Catriona Gray</a>, voiced their opposition to the bill.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Youth">Youth</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Youth">edit</a>]</div> The UP Diliman also took a knee in solidarity with <a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a> and the fight against police brutality<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> after <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_George_Floyd" title="Murder of George Floyd">George Floyd was murdered</a> by <a href="/wiki/Derek_Chauvin" title="Derek Chauvin">the police officer</a> while being arrested for allegedly using a counterfeit bill in <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bbc2020-05-30-103">[103]</a> Seven protesters from <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Philippines" title="University of the Philippines">University of the Philippines</a>, who were condemning the controversial anti-terror bill, and one bystander were arrested in <a href="/wiki/Cebu_City" title="Cebu City">Cebu City</a> in June 2020 for alleged violations of general community quarantine guidelines.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-cebu8-106">[106]</a> Dubbed as "Cebu 8", the detainees were jailed for 3 days.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> PNP Central Visayas denied the allegations that they used excessive force to disperse the anti-terror bill protests.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> Following the protests against the controversial anti-terrorism bill, several cloned Facebook accounts have been created on the platform. It started with <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Philippines_Cebu" title="University of the Philippines Cebu">University of the Philippines Cebu</a> on June 6, 2020, which was targeted by the newly created, dummy Facebook accounts.<a href="#cite_note-FBaccounts2-109">[109]</a> The Facebook accounts later targeted residents in Metro Manila, Iloilo, Dumaguete, Cagayan de Oro City, and other areas where protests against the bill were held.<a href="#cite_note-FBaccounts2-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-FBaccounts1-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> As a result, the hashtag #HandsOffOurStudents trended on Twitter, where netizens condemned the creation of fake accounts.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Department of Justice Secretary Menardo Guevarra expressed concern over the matter and ordered the agency's cybercrime division to coordinate with the NBI and the PNP to investigate the matter.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_laws" title="List of Philippine laws">List of Philippine laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Security_Act_of_2007" class="mw-redirect" title="Human Security Act of 2007">Human Security Act of 2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-tagging_in_the_Philippines" title="Red-tagging in the Philippines">Red-tagging in the Philippines</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-Terrorism_Act_of_2020&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist 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London: Cambridge Scholars Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5275-3824-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5275-3824-5"><bdi>978-1-5275-3824-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200705033813/https://www.cambridgescholars.com/the-marawi-siege-and-its-aftermath">Archived</a> from the original on July 5, 2020. 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Greenwood Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780275941376" title="Special:BookSources/9780275941376"><bdi>9780275941376</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ferdinand+Marcos+and+the+Philippines%3A+The+Political+Economy+of+Authoritarianism&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9780275941376&rft.aulast=Celoza&rft.aufirst=Albert+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSp3U1oCNKlgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchirmer1987" class="citation book cs1">Schirmer, Daniel B. 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Boston: South End Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0896082762" title="Special:BookSources/978-0896082762"><bdi>978-0896082762</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/14214735">14214735</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Philippines+reader+%3A+a+history+of+colonialism%2C+neocolonialism%2C+dictatorship%2C+and+resistance&rft.place=Boston&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=South+End+Press&rft.date=1987&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F14214735&rft.isbn=978-0896082762&rft.aulast=Schirmer&rft.aufirst=Daniel+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fphilippinesreade00schi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RebellionRepressionPh-15"><a href="#cite_ref-RebellionRepressionPh_15-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKessler)1989" class="citation book cs1">Kessler), Richard J. 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New Haven: Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0300044065" title="Special:BookSources/978-0300044065"><bdi>978-0300044065</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/19266663">19266663</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rebellion+and+repression+in+the+Philippines&rft.place=New+Haven&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1989&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F19266663&rft.isbn=978-0300044065&rft.aulast=Kessler%29&rft.aufirst=Richard+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frebellionrepress0000kess&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RevoltinMindanao:-16"><a href="#cite_ref-RevoltinMindanao:_16-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeorge1980" class="citation book cs1">George, T. 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Quezon City. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-971-550-655-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-971-550-655-7"><bdi>978-971-550-655-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/864093220">864093220</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Taming+people%27s+power+%3A+the+EDSA+revolutions+and+their+contradictions&rft.place=Quezon+City&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F864093220&rft.isbn=978-971-550-655-7&rft.au=Claudio%2C+Lisandro+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-DavideCommissionReport-22"><a href="#cite_ref-DavideCommissionReport_22-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">The final report of the Fact-Finding Commission : pursuant to R.ANo. 6832. 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Retrieved June 5, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Showbiz+personalities+sanib-puwersa+sa+pagtutol+sa+anti-terror+bill+%7C+TV+Patrol&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DQ0QXDMR7vqc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLo2020" class="citation web cs1">Lo, Barnaby (June 4, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/protest-against-urgent-anti-terror-bill-in-philippines-gets-a-boost-from-taylor-swift/">"Protest against "urgent" anti-terror bill in Philippines gets a boost from Taylor Swift"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201203062440/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/protest-against-urgent-anti-terror-bill-in-philippines-gets-a-boost-from-taylor-swift/">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2020. Retrieved June 5, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Protest+against+%22urgent%22+anti-terror+bill+in+Philippines+gets+a+boost+from+Taylor+Swift&rft.date=2020-06-04&rft.aulast=Lo&rft.aufirst=Barnaby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fprotest-against-urgent-anti-terror-bill-in-philippines-gets-a-boost-from-taylor-swift%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc2020-05-30-103"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc2020-05-30_103-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52861726">"George Floyd: What happened in the final moments of his life"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. May 30, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200605073814/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52861726">Archived</a> from the original on June 5, 2020. Retrieved June 1, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=George+Floyd%3A+What+happened+in+the+final+moments+of+his+life&rft.date=2020-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-us-canada-52861726&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/06/05/20/7-anti-terror-bill-protesters-held-in-cebu">"7 Anti-Terror Bill protesters held in Cebu"</a>. ABS CBN News. June 5, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201203062625/https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/06/05/20/7-anti-terror-bill-protesters-held-in-cebu">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2020. 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June 5, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201203062735/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/regions/741361/7-protesters-arrested-in-cebu-city/story/">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2020. 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Rappler. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200617090033/https://www.rappler.com/nation/263160-arrested-anti-terror-bill-rallyists-cebu-ordered-released-without-bail">Archived</a> from the original on June 17, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=8+arrested+in+Cebu+anti-terror+bill+rally+ordered+released+without+bail&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2F263160-arrested-anti-terror-bill-rallyists-cebu-ordered-released-without-bail&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMayol2020" class="citation news cs1">Mayol, Ador Vincent S. (June 8, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1288287/cebu-8-in-protest-vs-anti-terrorism-bill-released-from-jail">"'Cebu 8' in protest vs Anti-Terrorism Bill released from jail"</a>. Philippine Daily Inquirer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231205003821/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1288287/cebu-8-in-protest-vs-anti-terrorism-bill-released-from-jail">Archived</a> from the original on December 5, 2023. Retrieved December 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=%27Cebu+8%27+in+protest+vs+Anti-Terrorism+Bill+released+from+jail&rft.date=2020-06-08&rft.aulast=Mayol&rft.aufirst=Ador+Vincent+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1288287%2Fcebu-8-in-protest-vs-anti-terrorism-bill-released-from-jail&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/263080-cebu-police-deny-excessive-force-breaking-up-dnd-accord-protest-dispersal">"PNP denies using excessive force, violating U.P. agreement in Cebu dispersal"</a>. Rappler. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200610072717/https://www.rappler.com/nation/263080-cebu-police-deny-excessive-force-breaking-up-dnd-accord-protest-dispersal">Archived</a> from the original on June 10, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=PNP+denies+using+excessive+force%2C+violating+U.P.+agreement+in+Cebu+dispersal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2F263080-cebu-police-deny-excessive-force-breaking-up-dnd-accord-protest-dispersal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FBaccounts2-109">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FBaccounts2_109-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FBaccounts2_109-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/263121-users-report-duplicate-facebook-dummy-accounts-philippines">"Users report duplicate, dummy Facebook accounts in PH"</a>. Rappler. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200625053448/https://www.rappler.com/nation/263121-users-report-duplicate-facebook-dummy-accounts-philippines">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Users+report+duplicate%2C+dummy+Facebook+accounts+in+PH&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2F263121-users-report-duplicate-facebook-dummy-accounts-philippines&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FBaccounts1-110"><a href="#cite_ref-FBaccounts1_110-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2020/06/08/2019426/government-probes-cloned-facebook-accounts">"Government probes 'cloned' Facebook accounts"</a>. The Philippine Star. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201203062956/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2020/06/08/2019426/government-probes-cloned-facebook-accounts">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Government+probes+%27cloned%27+Facebook+accounts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2020%2F06%2F08%2F2019426%2Fgovernment-probes-cloned-facebook-accounts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=42qWxPnhacE">"Fake Facebook accounts ng ilang estudyante, alumni at faculty ng U.P. naglabasan | TV Patrol"</a>. ABS-CBN News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200609012603/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=42qWxPnhacE">Archived</a> from the original on June 9, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020 – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Fake+Facebook+accounts+ng+ilang+estudyante%2C+alumni+at+faculty+ng+U.P.+naglabasan+%7C+TV+Patrol&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D42qWxPnhacE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020" class="Z3988"> "Naglabasan ang mga fake at duplicate accounts ng ilang mga UP Cebu students at mga alumni, pati miyembro ng faculty. Ikinabahala ito ng universidad; tiniyak naman ng pamunuan ng UP na nakipag-ugnayan na sila sa Philippine National Privacy Commission para tulungan ang mga na-biktima ng fake at dummy accounts. Mino-monitor umano ng National Privacy Commission ang nagsulputan pekeng accounts at ipina-abot sa pamunuan ng Facebook. Pati si Department of Justice Secretary Menardo Guevarra, nabahala rin sa pangyayari ito. Ayon sa kalihim, agad niyang aatasan ng DOJ Office of Cybercrime na nakipag-ugnayan sa NBI at PNP Cybercrime Units para agad itong maimbestigahan." </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200609040151/https://www.rappler.com/move-ph/263123-hands-off-our-students-trends-filipinos-call-out-fake-accounts-facebook">"#HandsOffOurStudents trends as Filipinos call out fake accounts swarming Facebook"</a>. Rappler. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/move-ph/263123-hands-off-our-students-trends-filipinos-call-out-fake-accounts-facebook">the original</a> on June 9, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=%23HandsOffOurStudents+trends+as+Filipinos+call+out+fake+accounts+swarming+Facebook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fmove-ph%2F263123-hands-off-our-students-trends-filipinos-call-out-fake-accounts-facebook&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/263135-doj-cybercrime-office-probe-dummy-facebook-accounts">"DOJ cybercrime office to probe dummy Facebook accounts"</a>. Rappler. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200624081032/https://www.rappler.com/nation/263135-doj-cybercrime-office-probe-dummy-facebook-accounts">Archived</a> from the original on June 24, 2020. Retrieved June 9, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=DOJ+cybercrime+office+to+probe+dummy+Facebook+accounts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2F263135-doj-cybercrime-office-probe-dummy-facebook-accounts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201203060144/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2020/6/7/DOJ-probe-fake-Facebook-accounts.html">"DOJ to probe sudden surge of fake Facebook accounts"</a>. CNN Philippines. 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Retrieved June 9, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=DOJ+to+probe+sudden+surge+of+fake+Facebook+accounts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F6%2F7%2FDOJ-probe-fake-Facebook-accounts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnti-Terrorism+Act+of+2020" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rodrigo_Duterte1261" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Template:Rodrigo Duterte"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Template talk:Rodrigo Duterte"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rodrigo Duterte"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rodrigo_Duterte1261" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte">Rodrigo Duterte</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Philippines" title="List of presidents of the Philippines">16th</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President of the Philippines</a> (2016–2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Davao_City" title="Mayor of Davao City">Mayor of Davao City</a> (2013–2016, 2001–2010, 1988–1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_City%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Davao City's 1st congressional district">Davao City 1st district Congressman</a> (1998–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_Mayor_of_Davao_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Mayor of Davao City">Vice Mayor of Davao City</a> (2010–2013, 1986–1987 (<a href="/wiki/Officer_in_Charge_(Philippines)" title="Officer in Charge (Philippines)">OIC</a>))</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">Presidency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Presidential transition of Rodrigo Duterte">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Inauguration of Rodrigo Duterte">Inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_100_days_of_Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_presidency" title="First 100 days of Rodrigo Duterte's presidency">First 100 days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_administration_members_in_the_presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="List of administration members in the presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">Administration and cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_executive_orders_by_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="List of executive orders by Rodrigo Duterte">Executive orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="List of international presidential trips made by Rodrigo Duterte">International trips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_on_the_Rodrigo_Duterte_presidency" title="Opinion polling on the Rodrigo Duterte presidency">Polls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Efforts to impeach Rodrigo Duterte">Impeachment efforts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Protests against Rodrigo Duterte">Protests</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_protests_against_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Timeline of protests against Rodrigo Duterte">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_during_the_State_of_the_Nation_Addresses_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Protests during the State of the Nation Addresses of Rodrigo Duterte">SONA protests</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Political positions of Rodrigo Duterte">Policies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_drug_war" title="Philippine drug war">War on Drugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalism_and_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Federalism and Rodrigo Duterte">Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9-1-1_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="9-1-1 (Philippines)">9-1-1</a> and <a href="/wiki/8888_(Philippines)" title="8888 (Philippines)">8888</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DuterteNomics" class="mw-redirect" title="DuterteNomics">DuterteNomics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Build!_Build!_Build!" title="Build! Build! Build!">Build! Build! Build!</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines_v._China" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippines v. China">Philippines v. China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Order_(Philippines)" title="Freedom of Information Order (Philippines)">Freedom of Information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AFP_Modernization_Act" title="AFP Modernization Act">AFP modernization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_government_in_the_Philippines" title="Revolutionary government in the Philippines">Revolutionary government proposal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Executive_Order_10" title="Philippine Executive Order 10">Executive Order 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationwide_smoking_ban_order_(Philippines)" title="Nationwide smoking ban order (Philippines)">Executive Order 26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burial_of_Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Burial of Ferdinand Marcos">Burial of Ferdinand Marcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_No._55" title="Proclamation No. 55">Proclamation No. 55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_No._216" title="Proclamation No. 216">Proclamation No. 216</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Philippines#K–12_(2012–present)" title="Education in the Philippines">K-12 implementation process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehabilitation_of_Marawi" title="Rehabilitation of Marawi">Marawi rehabilitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_ASEAN_Summits" title="2017 ASEAN Summits">2017 ASEAN Summits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Utility_Vehicle_Modernization_Program" title="Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program">Public Utility Vehicle modernization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Boracay_closure_and_redevelopment" title="2018 Boracay closure and redevelopment">Boracay rehabilitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Task_Force_to_End_Local_Communist_Armed_Conflict" title="National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict">NTF-ELCAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Kuwait%E2%80%93Philippines_diplomatic_crisis" title="2018 Kuwait–Philippines diplomatic crisis">Repatriation of Kuwait OFWs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Philippines_waste_dispute" title="Canada–Philippines waste dispute">Canadian waste repatriation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_parties_to_the_Rome_Statute_of_the_International_Criminal_Court#Withdrawal" class="mw-redirect" title="States parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court">ICC withdrawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Bay#Rehabilitation" title="Manila Bay">Manila Bay rehabilitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Dolomite_Beach" title="Manila Dolomite Beach">Manila Dolomite Beach</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Philippine government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic response</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_community_quarantines_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines">community quarantines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines">vaccination programme</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balik_Probinsya" title="Balik Probinsya">Balik Probinsya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_major_acts_and_legislation_during_the_presidency_of_Rodrigo_Duterte" title="List of major acts and legislation during the presidency of Rodrigo Duterte">Legislation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Distracted_Driving_Act" title="Anti-Distracted Driving Act">Anti-Distracted Driving Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_Philippines" title="Internet in the Philippines">Free Internet Access in Public Places Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Access_to_Quality_Tertiary_Education_Act" title="Universal Access to Quality Tertiary Education Act">Universal Access to Quality Tertiary Education Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_Reform_for_Acceleration_and_Inclusion_Law" title="Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Law">TRAIN Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ease_of_doing_business_index" title="Ease of doing business index">Ease of Doing Business Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mental_health_in_the_Philippines" title="Mental health in the Philippines">Mental Health Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_the_Philippines" title="List of protected areas of the Philippines">E-NIPAS Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Organic_Law" title="Bangsamoro Organic Law">Bangsamoro Organic Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_national_identity_card" title="Philippine national identity card">Philippine Identification System Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_in_the_Philippines" title="HIV/AIDS in the Philippines">Philippine HIV and AIDS Policy Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Human_Settlements_and_Urban_Development" title="Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development">DHSUD Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_production_in_the_Philippines" title="Rice production in the Philippines">Rice Tariffication Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_health_care" title="Universal health care">Universal Health Care Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_Philippines" title="Poverty in the Philippines">Magna Carta of the Poor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantawid_Pamilyang_Pilipino_Program" title="Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program">4Ps Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community-based_monitoring" title="Community-based monitoring">Community-Based Monitoring System Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_Philippines" title="Agriculture in the Philippines">Sagip Saka Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Space_Agency" title="Philippine Space Agency">Philippine Space Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_education" title="International education">Transnational Higher Education Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malasakit_Center" title="Malasakit Center">Malasakit Centers Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayanihan_to_Heal_as_One_Act" title="Bayanihan to Heal as One Act">Bayanihan to Heal as One Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sports_(Philippines)" title="National Academy of Sports (Philippines)">National Academy of Sports Act</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anti-Terrorism Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayanihan_to_Recover_as_One_Act" title="Bayanihan to Recover as One Act">Bayanihan to Recover as One Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_Learning_System_(Philippines)" title="Alternative Learning System (Philippines)">Alternative Learning System Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Fire_Protection" title="Bureau of Fire Protection">BFP Modernization Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Migrant_Workers" title="Department of Migrant Workers">Department of Migrant Workers Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Service_Act" title="Public Service Act">Amendments to the Public Service Act</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">State of the Nation Address</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2016 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2017 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2018 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2019 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2020 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="2021 State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">2021</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte%27s_August_7,_2016,_speech" title="Rodrigo Duterte's August 7, 2016, speech">August 7, 2016 speech</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_(cropped_portrait).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg/135px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg/203px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg/270px-President_Rodrigo_Duterte_portrait_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="619" data-file-height="823" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1988_Philippine_local_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1988 Philippine local election">1988 general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Philippine_general_election" title="1998 Philippine general election">1998 general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Philippine_general_election" title="2001 Philippine general election">2001 general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_general_election" title="2010 Philippine general election">2010 general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Philippine_general_election" title="2013 Philippine general election">2013 general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Philippine_presidential_election" title="2016 Philippine presidential election">2016 presidential</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Rodrigo Duterte 2016 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Philippine_general_election" title="2019 Philippine general election">2019 general</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vicente_Duterte" title="Vicente Duterte">Vicente Duterte</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soledad_Duterte" title="Soledad Duterte">Soledad Duterte</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Zimmerman" title="Elizabeth Zimmerman">Elizabeth Zimmerman</a> (former wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honeylet_Avance%C3%B1a" title="Honeylet Avanceña">Honeylet Avanceña</a> (common-law wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Duterte" title="Paolo Duterte">Paolo Duterte</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Duterte" title="Sara Duterte">Sara Duterte</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Duterte" title="Sebastian Duterte">Sebastian Duterte</a> (son)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/17th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="17th Congress of the Philippines">17th Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="18th Congress of the Philippines">18th Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coalition_for_Change_(Philippines)" title="Coalition for Change (Philippines)">Coalition For Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugpong_ng_Pagbabago" title="Hugpong ng Pagbabago">Hugpong ng Pagbabago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugpong_sa_Tawong_Lungsod" title="Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod">Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_Death_Squad" title="Davao Death Squad">Davao Death Squad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diehard_Duterte_Supporters" title="Diehard Duterte Supporters">Diehard Duterte Supporters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duterte_fist" title="Duterte fist">Duterte fist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duterte_Youth" title="Duterte Youth">Duterte Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mocha_Uson_Blog" title="Mocha Uson Blog">Mocha Uson Blog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mula_sa_Masa,_Para_sa_Masa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mula sa Masa, Para sa Masa">Mula sa Masa, Para sa Masa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino" title="Partido Demokratiko Pilipino">Partido Demokratiko Pilipino</a></li> <li>Controversies <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_the_Philippines" title="International Criminal Court investigation in the Philippines">International Criminal Court case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dengvaxia_controversy" title="Dengvaxia controversy">Dengvaxia controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_conduct_time_allowance_controversy" title="Good conduct time allowance controversy">Good conduct time allowance controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shutdown_of_ABS-CBN_broadcasting" title="Shutdown of ABS-CBN broadcasting">Shutdown of ABS-CBN broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PhilHealth#Fraud_and_controversies" class="mw-redirect" title="PhilHealth">PhilHealth controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmally_scandal" title="Pharmally scandal">Pharmally scandal</a></li></ul></li> <li>Domestic incidents <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Marawi" title="Siege of Marawi">Siege of Marawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Mangkhut" title="Typhoon Mangkhut">Mangkhut (Ompong)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quo_warranto_petition_against_Maria_Lourdes_Sereno" title="Quo warranto petition against Maria Lourdes Sereno">Republic v. 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