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<li id="toc-Android_1.0" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_1.0"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Android 1.0 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_1.0-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_1.1" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_1.1"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Android 1.1 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_1.1-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_1.5_Cupcake" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_1.5_Cupcake"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Android 1.5 Cupcake </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_1.5_Cupcake-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_1.6_Donut" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_1.6_Donut"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Android 1.6 Donut </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_1.6_Donut-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_2.0_Eclair" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_2.0_Eclair"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Android 2.0 Eclair </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_2.0_Eclair-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Android_2.0.1_Eclair" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_2.0.1_Eclair"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5.1 Android 2.0.1 Eclair </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_2.0.1_Eclair-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_2.1_Eclair" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_2.1_Eclair"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5.2 Android 2.1 Eclair </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_2.1_Eclair-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_2.2_Froyo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_2.2_Froyo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Android 2.2 Froyo </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_2.2_Froyo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_2.3_Gingerbread" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_2.3_Gingerbread"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7 Android 2.3 Gingerbread </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_2.3_Gingerbread-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Android_2.3.3_Gingerbread" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_2.3.3_Gingerbread"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7.1 Android 2.3.3 Gingerbread </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_2.3.3_Gingerbread-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_3.0_Honeycomb" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_3.0_Honeycomb"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.8 Android 3.0 Honeycomb </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_3.0_Honeycomb-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Android_3.1_Honeycomb" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_3.1_Honeycomb"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.8.1 Android 3.1 Honeycomb </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_3.1_Honeycomb-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_3.2_Honeycomb" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_3.2_Honeycomb"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.8.2 Android 3.2 Honeycomb </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_3.2_Honeycomb-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_4.0_Ice_Cream_Sandwich" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_4.0_Ice_Cream_Sandwich"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.9 Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_4.0_Ice_Cream_Sandwich-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Android_4.0.3_Ice_Cream_Sandwich" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_4.0.3_Ice_Cream_Sandwich"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.9.1 Android 4.0.3 Ice Cream Sandwich </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_4.0.3_Ice_Cream_Sandwich-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_4.1_Jelly_Bean" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_4.1_Jelly_Bean"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.10 Android 4.1 Jelly Bean </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_4.1_Jelly_Bean-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Android_4.2_Jelly_Bean" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_4.2_Jelly_Bean"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.10.1 Android 4.2 Jelly Bean </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_4.2_Jelly_Bean-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_4.3_Jelly_Bean" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_4.3_Jelly_Bean"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.10.2 Android 4.3 Jelly Bean </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_4.3_Jelly_Bean-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_4.4_KitKat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_4.4_KitKat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.11 Android 4.4 KitKat </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_4.4_KitKat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Android_4.4W_KitKat,_with_wearable_extensions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_4.4W_KitKat,_with_wearable_extensions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.11.1 Android 4.4W KitKat, with wearable extensions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_4.4W_KitKat,_with_wearable_extensions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_5.0_Lollipop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_5.0_Lollipop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.12 Android 5.0 Lollipop </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_5.0_Lollipop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Android_5.1_Lollipop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_5.1_Lollipop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.12.1 Android 5.1 Lollipop </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_5.1_Lollipop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_6.0_Marshmallow" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_6.0_Marshmallow"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.13 Android 6.0 Marshmallow </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_6.0_Marshmallow-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_7.0_Nougat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_7.0_Nougat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.14 Android 7.0 Nougat </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_7.0_Nougat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Android_7.1_Nougat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_7.1_Nougat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.14.1 Android 7.1 Nougat </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_7.1_Nougat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_8.0_Oreo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_8.0_Oreo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.15 Android 8.0 Oreo </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_8.0_Oreo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Android_8.1_Oreo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_8.1_Oreo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.15.1 Android 8.1 Oreo </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_8.1_Oreo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_9_Pie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_9_Pie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.16 Android 9 Pie </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_9_Pie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_10" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_10"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.17 Android 10 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_10-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_11" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_11"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.18 Android 11 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_11-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_12" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_12"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.19 Android 12 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_12-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Android_12L" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_12L"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.19.1 Android 12L </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_12L-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_13" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_13"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.20 Android 13 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_13-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_14" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_14"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.21 Android 14 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_14-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_15" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_15"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.22 Android 15 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_15-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Android_16" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Android_16"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.23 Android 16 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Android_16-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hardware_requirements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hardware_requirements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Hardware requirements </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hardware_requirements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Explanatory_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Explanatory_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Explanatory notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Explanatory_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Android version history</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 36 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" > 36 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AE_%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="تاريخ نسخ أندرويد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تاريخ نسخ أندرويد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="অ্যান্ড্রয়েড সংস্করণের ইতিহাস – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অ্যান্ড্রয়েড সংস্করণের ইতিহাস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_p%C3%A1n-p%C3%BAn_le%CC%8Dk-s%C3%BA" title="Android pán-pún le̍k-sú – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Android pán-pún le̍k-sú" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9_Android" title="Гісторыя версій Android – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гісторыя версій Android" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historial_de_versions_d%27Android" title="Historial de versions d'Android – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Historial de versions d'Android" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historie_verz%C3%AD_Androidu" title="Historie verzí Androidu – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Historie verzí Androidu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_versioner" title="Android versioner – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Android versioner" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_von_Android-Versionen" title="Liste von Android-Versionen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Liste von Android-Versionen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androidi_versiooniajalugu" title="Androidi versiooniajalugu – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Androidi versiooniajalugu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B4%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_Android" title="Ιστορία εκδόσεων του Android – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιστορία εκδόσεων του Android" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Historial_de_versiones_de_Android" title="Anexo:Historial de versiones de Android – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Anexo:Historial de versiones de Android" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE%DA%86%D9%87_%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AE%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="تاریخچه نسخه‌های اندروید – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تاریخچه نسخه‌های اندروید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historique_des_versions_d%27Android" title="Historique des versions d'Android – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Historique des versions d'Android" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%88%EB%93%9C%EB%A1%9C%EC%9D%B4%EB%93%9C_%EB%B2%84%EC%A0%84_%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC" title="안드로이드 버전 역사 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="안드로이드 버전 역사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="एंड्रॉयड संस्करणों का इतिहास – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एंड्रॉयड संस्करणों का इतिहास" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dosada%C5%A1nje_ina%C4%8Dice_sustava_Androida" title="Dosadašnje inačice sustava Androida – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Dosadašnje inačice sustava Androida" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riwayat_versi_Android" title="Riwayat versi Android – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Riwayat versi Android" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Versioni_di_Android" title="Versioni di Android – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Versioni di Android" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android-verzi%C3%B3k" title="Android-verziók – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" 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title="अँड्रॉईड आवृत्त्या – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अँड्रॉईड आवृत्त्या" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="Android ვერსიეფიშ ისტორია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="Android ვერსიეფიშ ისტორია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sejarah_versi_Android" title="Sejarah versi Android – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sejarah versi Android" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" 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data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">List of Android operating system versions</div> The version history of the <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> <a href="/wiki/Mobile_operating_system" title="Mobile operating system">mobile operating system</a> began with the public release of its first <a href="/wiki/Beta_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta (software)">beta</a> on November 5, 2007. The first commercial version, Android 1.0, was released on September 23, 2008. The operating system has been developed by <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> on a yearly schedule since at least 2011.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> New major releases are announced at <a href="/wiki/Google_I/O" title="Google I/O">Google I/O</a> in May along with beta testing with the <a href="/wiki/Stable_version" class="mw-redirect" title="Stable version">stable version</a> usually released to the public between August and October. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Android_software_development" title="Android software development">Android software development</a></div> The development of Android started in 2003 by Android, Inc., which was purchased by Google in 2005.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> There were at least two internal releases of the software inside Google and the <a href="/wiki/Open_Handset_Alliance" title="Open Handset Alliance">Open Handset Alliance</a> (OHA) before the <a href="/wiki/Beta_version" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta version">beta version</a> was released.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> The beta was released on November 5, 2007,<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> while the <a href="/wiki/Software_development_kit" title="Software development kit">software development kit</a> (SDK) was released on November 12, 2007.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Several public beta versions of the SDK were released.<a href="#cite_note-sdk-archives-8">[8]</a> These releases were done through <a href="/wiki/Software_emulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Software emulation">software emulation</a> as physical devices did not exist to test the operating system. Both the operating system itself and the SDK were released along with their source code, as free software under the <a href="/wiki/Apache_License" title="Apache License">Apache License</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> The first public release of Android 1.0 occurred with the release of the T-Mobile G1 (aka HTC Dream) in October 2008.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Android 1.0 and 1.1 were not released under specific <a href="/wiki/Code_name" title="Code name">code names</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Codenames-11">[11]</a> The code names "Astro Boy" and "Bender" were tagged internally on some of the early pre-1.0 milestone builds and were never used as the actual code names of the 1.0 and 1.1 releases of the OS.<a href="#cite_note-unofficial_and_official_codenames-12">[12]</a> The project manager, Ryan Gibson, conceived using a <a href="/wiki/Confectionery" title="Confectionery">confectionery</a>-themed naming scheme for public releases, starting with Android 1.5 Cupcake. Google announced in August 2019 they were ending the confectionery theming scheme to use numerical ordering for future versions.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> The first release under the numerical order format was <a href="/wiki/Android_10" title="Android 10">Android 10</a>, which was released in September 2019. In 2017, Google announced that <a href="/wiki/Google_Play" title="Google Play">Google Play</a> would begin to require apps to target a recent Android version.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Since then, a new major Android version has been released in the second half of each year, and apps must target it by August 31 of the following year for new apps, or November 1 for app updates.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Internal codename<a href="#cite_note-Codenames-11">[11]</a> </th> <th>Version number(s) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/API" title="API">API</a> level </th> <th>Release date </th> <th>Latest security patch date<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> </th> <th>Latest <a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Services" title="Google Play Services">Google Play Services</a> version<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> (release date) </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_1.0" class="mw-redirect" title="Android 1.0">Android 1.0</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="1.0">Old version, no longer maintained: 1.0 </td> <td>1 </td> <td>September 23, 2008 </td> <td rowspan="18" data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td rowspan="7" data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_1.1" class="mw-redirect" title="Android 1.1">Android 1.1</a> </td> <td>Petit Four </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="1.1">Old version, no longer maintained: 1.1 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>February 9, 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_Cupcake" title="Android Cupcake">Android Cupcake</a> </td> <td>Cupcake </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="1.5">Old version, no longer maintained: 1.5 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>April 27, 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_Donut" title="Android Donut">Android Donut</a> </td> <td>Donut </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="1.6">Old version, no longer maintained: 1.6 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>September 15, 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Android_Eclair" title="Android Eclair">Android Eclair</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">Eclair </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="2.0">Old version, no longer maintained: 2.0 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>October 27, 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="2.0.1">Old version, no longer maintained: 2.0.1 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>December 3, 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="2.1">Old version, no longer maintained: 2.1 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>January 11, 2010<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-18">[18]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_Froyo" title="Android Froyo">Android Froyo</a> </td> <td>Froyo </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="2.2 – 2.2.3">Old version, no longer maintained: 2.2 – 2.2.3 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>May 20, 2010 </td> <td>3.2.25 (October 2014) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Android_Gingerbread" title="Android Gingerbread">Android Gingerbread</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">Gingerbread </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="2.3 – 2.3.2">Old version, no longer maintained: 2.3 – 2.3.2 </td> <td>9 </td> <td>December 6, 2010 </td> <td rowspan="5">10.0.84 (November 2016) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="2.3.3 – 2.3.7">Old version, no longer maintained: 2.3.3 – 2.3.7 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>February 9, 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Android_Honeycomb" title="Android Honeycomb">Android Honeycomb</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">Honeycomb </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="3.0">Old version, no longer maintained: 3.0 </td> <td>11 </td> <td>February 22, 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="3.1">Old version, no longer maintained: 3.1 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>May 10, 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="3.2 – 3.2.6">Old version, no longer maintained: 3.2 – 3.2.6 </td> <td>13 </td> <td>July 15, 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Android_Ice_Cream_Sandwich" title="Android Ice Cream Sandwich">Android Ice Cream Sandwich</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">Ice Cream Sandwich </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="4.0 – 4.0.2">Old version, no longer maintained: 4.0 – 4.0.2 </td> <td>14 </td> <td>October 18, 2011 </td> <td rowspan="2">14.8.49 (February 2019) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="4.0.3 – 4.0.4">Old version, no longer maintained: 4.0.3 – 4.0.4 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>December 16, 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Android_Jelly_Bean" title="Android Jelly Bean">Android Jelly Bean</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">Jelly Bean </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="4.1 – 4.1.2">Old version, no longer maintained: 4.1 – 4.1.2 </td> <td>16 </td> <td>July 9, 2012 </td> <td rowspan="3">21.33.56 (September 2021) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="4.2 – 4.2.2">Old version, no longer maintained: 4.2 – 4.2.2 </td> <td>17 </td> <td>November 13, 2012 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="4.3 – 4.3.1">Old version, no longer maintained: 4.3 – 4.3.1 </td> <td>18 </td> <td>July 24, 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Android_KitKat" title="Android KitKat">Android KitKat</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">Key Lime Pie </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="4.4 – 4.4.4">Old version, no longer maintained: 4.4 – 4.4.4 </td> <td>19 </td> <td>October 31, 2013 </td> <td>October 2017 </td> <td rowspan="2">23.30.13 (August 2023) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="4.4W – 4.4W.2">Old version, no longer maintained: 4.4W – 4.4W.2 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>June 25, 2014 </td> <td style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #EEE); color: var(--color-base, black); vertical-align: middle; white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="table-Unknown">? </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Android_Lollipop" title="Android Lollipop">Android Lollipop</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">Lemon Meringue Pie </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="5.0 – 5.0.2">Old version, no longer maintained: 5.0 – 5.0.2 </td> <td>21 </td> <td>November 4, 2014<a href="#cite_note-android.googlesource.com-19">[19]</a> </td> <td>November 2017 </td> <td rowspan="2">24.28.35 (August 2024) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="5.1 – 5.1.1">Old version, no longer maintained: 5.1 – 5.1.1 </td> <td>22 </td> <td>March 2, 2015<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-20">[20]</a> </td> <td>March 2018 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_Marshmallow" title="Android Marshmallow">Android Marshmallow</a> </td> <td>Macadamia Nut Cookie </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="6.0 – 6.0.1">Old version, no longer maintained: 6.0 – 6.0.1 </td> <td>23 </td> <td>September 29, 2015<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-21">[21]</a> </td> <td>August 2018 </td> <td rowspan="13">24.46.31 (November 2024) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Android_Nougat" title="Android Nougat">Android Nougat</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">New York Cheesecake </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="7.0">Old version, no longer maintained: 7.0 </td> <td>24 </td> <td>August 22, 2016 </td> <td>August 2019 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="7.1 – 7.1.2">Old version, no longer maintained: 7.1 – 7.1.2 </td> <td>25 </td> <td>October 4, 2016 </td> <td>October 2019 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Android_Oreo" title="Android Oreo">Android Oreo</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">Oatmeal Cookie </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="8.0">Old version, no longer maintained: 8.0 </td> <td>26 </td> <td>August 21, 2017 </td> <td>January 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="8.1">Old version, no longer maintained: 8.1 </td> <td>27 </td> <td>December 5, 2017 </td> <td>October 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_Pie" title="Android Pie">Android Pie</a> </td> <td>Pistachio Ice Cream<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="9">Old version, no longer maintained: 9 </td> <td>28 </td> <td>August 6, 2018 </td> <td>January 2022 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_10" title="Android 10">Android 10</a> </td> <td>Quince Tart<a href="#cite_note-VergeQR-23">[23]</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="10">Old version, no longer maintained: 10 </td> <td>29 </td> <td>September 3, 2019 </td> <td>February 2023 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_11" title="Android 11">Android 11</a> </td> <td>Red Velvet Cake<a href="#cite_note-VergeQR-23">[23]</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background-color: #FDB3AB;" title="Old version, no longer maintained" data-sort-value="11">Old version, no longer maintained: 11 </td> <td>30 </td> <td>September 8, 2020 </td> <td>February 2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_12" title="Android 12">Android 12</a> </td> <td>Snow Cone </td> <td class="templateVersion co" style="color:black; background-color: #FEF8C6;" title="Old version, yet still maintained" data-sort-value="12">Old version, yet still maintained: 12 </td> <td>31 </td> <td>October 4, 2021 </td> <td rowspan="5">November 2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_12L" class="mw-redirect" title="Android 12L">Android 12L</a> </td> <td>Snow Cone v2 </td> <td class="templateVersion co" style="color:black; background-color: #FEF8C6;" title="Old version, yet still maintained" data-sort-value="12.1">Old version, yet still maintained: 12.1<a href="#cite_note-A12.1-26">[a]</a> </td> <td>32 </td> <td>March 7, 2022 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_13" title="Android 13">Android 13</a> </td> <td>Tiramisu </td> <td class="templateVersion co" style="color:black; background-color: #FEF8C6;" title="Old version, yet still maintained" data-sort-value="13">Old version, yet still maintained: 13 </td> <td>33 </td> <td>August 15, 2022 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_14" title="Android 14">Android 14</a> </td> <td>Upside Down Cake<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> </td> <td class="templateVersion co" style="color:black; background-color: #FEF8C6;" title="Old version, yet still maintained" data-sort-value="14">Old version, yet still maintained: 14 </td> <td>34 </td> <td>October 4, 2023 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_15" title="Android 15">Android 15</a> </td> <td>Vanilla Ice Cream<a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a> </td> <td class="templateVersion c" style="color:black; background-color: #D4F4B4;" title="Current stable version" data-sort-value="15">Current stable version: 15 </td> <td>35 </td> <td>October 15, 2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Android_16" title="Android 16">Android 16</a> </td> <td>Baklava<a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a> </td> <td class="templateVersion cp" style="color:black; background-color: #FED1A0;" title="Latest preview version of a future release" data-sort-value="16">Latest preview version of a future release: 16 <abbr title="Developer Preview 1">DP1</abbr><a href="#cite_note-A16RN-30">[29]</a> </td> <td>36 </td> <td>November 19, 2024<a href="#cite_note-A16RN-30">[29]</a> </td> <td>November 2024<a href="#cite_note-A16RN-30">[29]</a> </td> <td>24.40.35 (October 2024)<a href="#cite_note-A16RN-30">[29]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7"><div class="templateVersion l" style="margin-left: -1em;"><div style="float: left; margin-left: 1em;">Legend:</div><div style="float: left; margin-left: 1em;">Old version, not maintained</div><div style="float: left; margin-left: 1em;">Old version, still maintained</div><div style="float: left; margin-left: 1em;">Latest version</div><div style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; display: none;">Latest preview version</div><div style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; display: none;">Future release</div><div style="clear: left;"></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-A12.1-26"><a href="#cite_ref-A12.1_26-0">^</a> 12L launched as part of the March 2022 security update to supported Pixel devices. The factory images for March 2022 and subsequent updates display the version as 12.1.<a href="#cite_note-FactoryImages-24">[24]</a> The device's about page will still show the Android version as 12.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Version_history">Version history</h2></div> The following tables show the release dates and key features of all Android operating system updates to date, listed chronologically by their official <a href="/wiki/Application_programming_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Application programming interface">application programming interface</a> (API) levels. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_1.0">Android 1.0</h3></div> Android 1.0, the first commercial version of the software, was released on September 23, 2008.<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a> The first commercially available Android device was the <a href="/wiki/HTC_Dream" title="HTC Dream">HTC Dream</a>.<a href="#cite_note-HTC-32">[31]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 1.0 (API 1) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>1.0 </td> <td>September 23, 2008 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="Android Market">Android Market</a>, allowing application downloads and updates through the Market application.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">Web browser</a> to show, zoom and pan full <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> and <a href="/wiki/XHTML" title="XHTML">XHTML</a> web pages – multiple pages show as windows ("cards").<a href="#cite_note-Engadget-33">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-Release_features_–_Android_1.0-34">[33]</a></li> <li>Camera support – however, this version lacked the option to change the camera's resolution, white balance, quality, etc.<a href="#cite_note-T-Mobile_G1_Google_Android_Phone-35">[34]</a></li> <li>Folders allowing the grouping of a number of application icons into a single folder icon on the Home screen.<a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a></li> <li>Access to web email servers, supporting <a href="/wiki/POP3" class="mw-redirect" title="POP3">POP3</a>, <a href="/wiki/IMAP4" class="mw-redirect" title="IMAP4">IMAP4</a>, and <a href="/wiki/SMTP" class="mw-redirect" title="SMTP">SMTP</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Release_features_–_Android_1.0-34">[33]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmail" title="Gmail">Gmail</a> synchronization with the Gmail application.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Contacts" title="Google Contacts">Google Contacts</a> synchronization with the People application.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Calendar" title="Google Calendar">Google Calendar</a> synchronization with the Calendar application.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a> with <a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View" title="Google Street View">Street View</a> to view maps and satellite imagery, as well as find local businesses and obtain driving directions using <a href="/wiki/GPS" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS">GPS</a>.<a href="#cite_note-T-Mobile_G1_Google_Android_Phone-35">[34]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Sync" title="Google Sync">Google Sync</a>, allowing management of <a href="/wiki/Over_the_Air" title="Over the Air">over-the-air</a> synchronization of Gmail, People, and Calendar.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Search" title="Google Search">Google Search</a>, allowing users to search the Internet and phone applications, contacts, calendar, etc.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Talk" title="Google Talk">Google Talk</a> instant messaging.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_messaging" title="Instant messaging">Instant messaging</a>, <a href="/wiki/Text_messaging" title="Text messaging">text messaging</a>, and MMS.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_player_(application_software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Media player (application software)">Media Player</a>, enabling management, importing, and playback of media files – however, this version lacked video and stereo <a href="/wiki/Bluetooth" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a> support.<a href="#cite_note-Release_features_–_Android_1.0-34">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-T-Mobile_G1_Google_Android_Phone-35">[34]</a></li> <li>Notifications appear in the Status bar, with options to set ringtone, LED or vibration alerts.<a href="#cite_note-Engadget-33">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-Release_features_–_Android_1.0-34">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a></li> <li>Voice Dialer allows dialing and placing of phone calls without typing a name or number.<a href="#cite_note-Release_features_–_Android_1.0-34">[33]</a></li> <li>Wallpaper allows the user to set the background image or photo behind the Home screen icons and widgets.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> video player.<a href="#cite_note-Android_for_Dummies-38">[37]</a></li> <li>Other applications include: Alarm Clock, Calculator, Dialer (Phone), Home screen (Launcher), Pictures (Gallery), and Settings.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi" title="Wi-Fi">Wi-Fi</a> and Bluetooth support.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_1.1">Android 1.1</h3></div> On February 9, 2009, the Android 1.1 update was released, initially for the HTC Dream only. Android 1.1 was known as "<a href="/wiki/Petit_four" title="Petit four">Petit Four</a>" internally, though this name was not used officially.<a href="#cite_note-unofficial_and_official_codenames-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a> The update resolved bugs, changed the Android <a href="/wiki/Application_programming_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Application programming interface">API</a> and added a number of features:<a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 1.1 (API 2) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>1.1 </td> <td>February 9, 2009 </td> <td> <ul><li>Details and reviews available when a user searches for businesses on Maps.</li> <li>Longer in-call screen timeout by default when using the speakerphone, plus the ability to show/hide the dialpad.</li> <li>Ability to save attachments in messages.</li> <li>Support added for marquee in system layouts.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_1.5_Cupcake">Android 1.5 Cupcake</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_Cupcake" title="Android Cupcake">Android Cupcake</a></div> On April 27, 2009, the Android 1.5 update was released, based on <a href="/wiki/Linux_kernel" title="Linux kernel">Linux kernel</a> 2.6.27.<a href="#cite_note-cupcake-is-here-41">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a> This was the first release to officially use a codename based on a dessert item ("Cupcake"), a theme used for all releases until <a href="/wiki/Android_9_Pie" class="mw-redirect" title="Android 9 Pie">Android Pie</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Android_10" title="Android 10">Android 10</a> and later using a number-only system. The update included several new features and UI amendments:<a href="#cite_note-cupcake-highlights-43">[42]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 1.5 Cupcake (API 3) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>1.5 </td> <td>April 27, 2009<a href="#cite_note-cupcake-is-here-41">[40]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Support for third-party virtual keyboards with text prediction and a user dictionary for custom words.</li> <li>Support for <a href="/wiki/Widget_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Widget engine">Widgets</a> – miniature application views that can be embedded in other applications (such as the Home screen) and receive periodic updates.<a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a></li> <li>Video recording and playback in <a href="/wiki/MPEG-4" title="MPEG-4">MPEG-4</a> and 3GP formats.</li> <li>Auto-pairing and stereo support for Bluetooth (A2DP and AVRCP profiles).</li> <li>Copy and paste features in web browser.</li> <li>User pictures shown for Favorites in Contacts.</li> <li>Specific date/time stamp shown for events in call log, and one-touch access to a contact card from a call log event.</li> <li>Animated screen transitions.</li> <li>Auto-rotation option.</li> <li>New stock boot animation.</li> <li>Ability to upload videos to YouTube.</li> <li>Ability to upload photos to <a href="/wiki/Picasa" title="Picasa">Picasa</a>.</li> <li>Ability to check phone usage history.<a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_1.6_Donut">Android 1.6 Donut</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_Donut" title="Android Donut">Android Donut</a></div> On September 15, 2009, Android 1.6 – dubbed Donut – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.29.<a href="#cite_note-Word-highlights-46">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-Word-is-here-47">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a> Included in the update were numerous new features:<a href="#cite_note-Word-highlights-46">[45]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 1.6 Donut (API 4) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>1.6 </td> <td>September 15, 2009<a href="#cite_note-Word-is-here-47">[46]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Voice and text entry search enhanced to include bookmark history, contacts, and the web.</li> <li>Ability for developers to include their content in search results.</li> <li>Multi-lingual <a href="/wiki/Speech_synthesis" title="Speech synthesis">speech synthesis</a> engine to allow any Android application to "speak" a string of text.</li> <li>Easier searching and the ability to view app screenshots in Android Market.</li> <li>Gallery, Camera and camcorder more fully integrated, with faster camera access.</li> <li>Ability for users to select multiple photos for deletion.</li> <li>Updated technology support for <a href="/wiki/IS-95" class="mw-redirect" title="IS-95">CDMA</a>/<a href="/wiki/Evolution-Data_Optimized" title="Evolution-Data Optimized">EVDO</a>, <a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.1X" title="IEEE 802.1X">802.1x</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virtual_private_network" title="Virtual private network">VPNs</a>, and a text-to-speech engine.</li> <li>Support for <a href="/wiki/Wide_VGA" class="mw-redirect" title="Wide VGA">WVGA</a> screen resolutions.</li> <li>Speed improvements in searching and camera applications.</li> <li>Expanded Gesture framework and a new GestureBuilder development tool.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_2.0_Eclair">Android 2.0 Eclair</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_Eclair" title="Android Eclair">Android Eclair</a></div> On October 27, 2009, the Android 2.0 SDK was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.29 and codenamed <a href="/wiki/%C3%89clair" title="Éclair">Eclair</a>.<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> Changes include the ones listed below.<a href="#cite_note-eclair-highlights-50">[49]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 2.0 Eclair (API 5) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>2.0 </td> <td>October 27, 2009<a href="#cite_note-android-developers.googleblog.com-51">[50]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Expanded Account sync, allowing users to add multiple accounts to a device for synchronization of an email and contacts.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Exchange_Server" title="Microsoft Exchange Server">Microsoft Exchange</a> email support, with a combined inbox to browse an email from multiple accounts in one page.</li> <li>Bluetooth 2.1 support.</li> <li>Ability to tap a Contacts photo and select to call, SMS, or email the person.</li> <li>Ability to search all saved SMS and MMS messages, with the added ability to delete the oldest messages in a conversation automatically deleted when a defined limit is reached.</li> <li>Numerous new camera features, including flash support, digital zoom, scene mode, white balance, color effect and macro focus.</li> <li>Improved typing speed on a virtual keyboard, with a smarter dictionary that learns from word usage and includes contact names as suggestions.</li> <li>Refreshed browser UI with bookmark thumbnails, double-tap zoom and support for <a href="/wiki/HTML5" title="HTML5">HTML5</a>.</li> <li>Calendar agenda view enhanced, showing attending status for each invitee, and the ability to invite new guests to events.</li> <li>Optimized hardware speed and revamped UI.</li> <li>Support for more screen sizes and resolutions, with better contrast ratio.</li> <li>Improved <a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a> 3.1.2.</li> <li>MotionEvent class enhanced to track multi-touch events.<a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Force_Touch" title="Force Touch">Pressure-sensitive touch</a> support in <a href="/wiki/Application_programming_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Application programming interface">API</a>, even though no according hardware existed at that time.<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a></li> <li>Addition of live wallpapers, allowing the animation of home-screen background images to show movement.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Android_2.0.1_Eclair">Android 2.0.1 Eclair</h4></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 2.0.1 Eclair (API 6) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>2.0.1 </td> <td>December 3, 2009<a href="#cite_note-2.0.1_SDK-55">[54]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Minor API changes, bug fixes and framework behavioral changes.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Android_2.1_Eclair">Android 2.1 Eclair</h4></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 2.1 Eclair (API 7) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>2.1 </td> <td>January 11, 2010<a href="#cite_note-2.1_SDK-56">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-18">[18]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Minor amendments to the API and bug fixes.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_2.2_Froyo">Android 2.2 Froyo</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_Froyo" title="Android Froyo">Android Froyo</a></div> On May 20, 2010, the SDK for Android 2.2 (Froyo, short for <a href="/wiki/Frozen_yogurt" title="Frozen yogurt">frozen yogurt</a>) was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.32.<a href="#cite_note-froyo-dev-blog-57">[56]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 2.2 Froyo (API 8) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>2.2 </td> <td>May 20, 2010 </td> <td> <ul><li>Speed, memory, and performance optimizations.<a href="#cite_note-unofficial-froyo-features-58">[57]</a></li> <li>Additional application speed improvements, implemented through <a href="/wiki/Just-in-time_compilation" title="Just-in-time compilation">JIT compilation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a></li> <li>Integration of <a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Chrome</a>'s <a href="/wiki/V8_(JavaScript_engine)" title="V8 (JavaScript engine)">V8 JavaScript engine</a> into the Browser application.</li> <li>Support for the <a href="/wiki/Android_Cloud_to_Device_Messaging" title="Android Cloud to Device Messaging">Android Cloud to Device Messaging</a> (C2DM) service, enabling <a href="/wiki/Push_technology" title="Push technology">push notifications</a>.</li> <li>Improved <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Exchange_Server" title="Microsoft Exchange Server">Microsoft Exchange</a> support, including security policies, auto-discovery, GAL look-up, calendar synchronization and remote wipe.<a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a></li> <li>Improved application launcher with shortcuts to Phone and Browser applications.</li> <li>USB tethering and <a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi_hotspot" title="Wi-Fi hotspot">Wi-Fi hotspot</a> functionality<a href="#cite_note-wired_sorrel_2010-61">[60]</a></li> <li>Option to disable data access over a mobile network.</li> <li>Updated Market application with batch and automatic update features.<a href="#cite_note-unofficial-froyo-features-58">[57]</a></li> <li>Quick switching between multiple keyboard languages and their dictionaries.</li> <li>Support for <a href="/wiki/Bluetooth" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a>-enabled car and desk docks.</li> <li>Support for numeric and alphanumeric passwords.</li> <li>Support for file upload fields in the Browser application.<a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a></li> <li>The browser now shows all frames of animated GIFs instead of just the first frame only.</li> <li>Support for installing applications to expandable memory.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash</a> support.<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a></li> <li>Support for high-<a href="/wiki/Pixel_density" title="Pixel density">PPI</a> displays (up to 320 ppi), such as four-inch <a href="/wiki/720p" title="720p">720p</a> screens.<a href="#cite_note-multiple-screens-64">[63]</a></li> <li>Gallery allows users to view picture stacks using a zoom gesture.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2.2.1 </td> <td>September 27, 2010<a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Bug fixes, security updates and performance improvements.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2.2.2 </td> <td>January 21, 2011<a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Minor bug fixes, including SMS routing issues that affected the <a href="/wiki/Nexus_One" title="Nexus One">Nexus One</a>.<a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2.2.3 </td> <td>November 21, 2011<a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Two security updates.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_2.3_Gingerbread">Android 2.3 Gingerbread</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_Gingerbread" title="Android Gingerbread">Android Gingerbread</a></div> On December 6, 2010, the Android 2.3 (Gingerbread) SDK was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.35.<a href="#cite_note-gingerbread-highlights-69">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-gingerbread-dev-blog-70">[69]</a> Changes included:<a href="#cite_note-gingerbread-highlights-69">[68]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 2.3 Gingerbread (API 9) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>2.3 </td> <td>December 6, 2010<a href="#cite_note-gingerbread-dev-blog-70">[69]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Updated user interface design with increased simplicity and speed.</li> <li>Support for extra-large screen sizes and resolutions (<a href="/wiki/WXGA_(graphics)" class="mw-redirect" title="WXGA (graphics)">WXGA</a> and higher).<a href="#cite_note-multiple-screens-64">[63]</a></li> <li>Native support for <a href="/wiki/Session_Initiation_Protocol" title="Session Initiation Protocol">SIP</a> <a href="/wiki/Voice_over_IP" title="Voice over IP">VoIP</a> internet telephones.</li> <li>Faster, more intuitive text input on a virtual keyboard, with improved accuracy, better suggested text and voice input mode.</li> <li>Enhanced <a href="/wiki/Cut,_copy,_and_paste" title="Cut, copy, and paste">copy/paste</a> functionality, allowing users to select a word by press-holding, copying, and pasting.</li> <li>Support for <a href="/wiki/Near_Field_Communication" class="mw-redirect" title="Near Field Communication">Near Field Communication</a> (NFC), allowing the user to read an NFC tag embedded in a poster, sticker, or advertisement.</li> <li>New audio effects such as reverb, equalization, headphone virtualization, and bass boost.</li> <li>New <a href="/wiki/Download_Manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Download Manager">Download Manager</a>, giving users easy access to any file downloaded from the browser, email, or another application.</li> <li>Support for multiple cameras on the device, including a front-facing camera, if available.</li> <li>Support for <a href="/wiki/WebM" title="WebM">WebM</a>/VP8 video playback, and <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="Advanced Audio Coding">AAC</a> audio encoding.</li> <li>Improved <a href="/wiki/Power_management" title="Power management">power management</a> with a more active role in managing applications that are keeping the device awake for too long.</li> <li>Enhanced support for native code development.</li> <li>Switched from <a href="/wiki/YAFFS" title="YAFFS">YAFFS</a> to <a href="/wiki/Ext4" title="Ext4">ext4</a> on newer devices.<a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a></li> <li>Audio, graphical, and input enhancements for game developers.</li> <li>Concurrent <a href="/wiki/Garbage_collection_(computer_science)" title="Garbage collection (computer science)">garbage collection</a> for increased performance.</li> <li>Native support for more sensors (such as <a href="/wiki/Gyroscope" title="Gyroscope">gyroscopes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barometer" title="Barometer">barometers</a>).</li> <li>First Android version to feature an Easter egg. It was an image of the Bugdroid standing next to a zombie gingerbread man, with many more zombies in the background.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2.3.1 </td> <td>December 22, 2010<a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Improvements and bug fixes for the Nexus S.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2.3.2 </td> <td>January 21, 2011<a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Improvements and bug fixes for the Nexus S.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Android_2.3.3_Gingerbread">Android 2.3.3 Gingerbread</h4></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 2.3.3 Gingerbread (API 10) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>2.3.3 </td> <td>February 9, 2011<a href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Several improvements and API fixes.<a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2.3.4 </td> <td>April 28, 2011<a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Support for voice or video chat using <a href="/wiki/Google_Talk" title="Google Talk">Google Talk</a>.<a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a></li> <li>Open Accessory Library support. Open Accessory was introduced in 3.1 (Honeycomb) but the Open Accessory Library grants 2.3.4 added support when connecting to a USB peripheral with compatible software and a compatible application on the device.<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a></li> <li>Switched the default encryption for SSL from AES256-SHA to RC4-MD5.<a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a></li> <li>Fixed a spontaneous reboot on <a href="/wiki/Samsung_Galaxy_S_Plus" title="Samsung Galaxy S Plus">Samsung Galaxy S Plus</a>.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2.3.5 </td> <td>July 25, 2011<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Improved network performance for the <a href="/wiki/Nexus_S" title="Nexus S">Nexus S</a> 4G, among other fixes and improvements.</li> <li>Fixed a Bluetooth bug on <a href="/wiki/Samsung_Galaxy_S_(2010_smartphone)" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsung Galaxy S (2010 smartphone)">Samsung Galaxy S</a>.</li> <li>Fixed a Wi-Fi crash on <a href="/wiki/Samsung_Galaxy_S_Plus" title="Samsung Galaxy S Plus">Samsung Galaxy S Plus</a>.</li> <li>Improved the Gmail application.</li> <li>Shadow animations for list scrolling.</li> <li>Camera software enhancements.<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a></li> <li>Improved battery efficiency.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2.3.6 </td> <td>September 2, 2011<a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Fixed a voice search bug.<a href="#cite_note-87">[a]</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2.3.7 </td> <td>September 21, 2011 </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Wallet" title="Google Wallet">Google Wallet</a> support for the Nexus S 4G.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_3.0_Honeycomb">Android 3.0 Honeycomb</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_Honeycomb" title="Android Honeycomb">Android Honeycomb</a></div> On February 22, 2011, the Android 3.0 (Honeycomb) SDK – the first <a href="/wiki/Tablet_computer" title="Tablet computer">tablet</a>-only Android update – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.36.<a href="#cite_note-honeycomb-highlights-88">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-honeycomb-sneak-peek-89">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-3.0-release-90">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[89]</a> The first device featuring this version, the <a href="/wiki/Motorola_Xoom" title="Motorola Xoom">Motorola Xoom</a> tablet, was released on February 24, 2011.<a href="#cite_note-92">[90]</a> The update's features included:<a href="#cite_note-honeycomb-highlights-88">[86]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 3.0 Honeycomb (API 11) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>3.0 </td> <td>February 22, 2011<a href="#cite_note-3.0-release-90">[88]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Optimized tablet support with a new "holographic" user interface (removed again the following year with version 4.2).<a href="#cite_note-CWnostalgia-93">[91]</a></li> <li>New Easter egg, an image of a <a href="/wiki/Tron" title="Tron">Tron</a>-themed bumblebee.</li> <li>Added System Bar, featuring quick access to notifications, status, and soft navigation buttons, available at the bottom of the screen.</li> <li>Added the Action Bar, giving access to contextual options, navigation, widgets, or other types of content at the top of the screen.</li> <li>Simplified multitasking – tapping Recent Applications in the System Bar allows users to see snapshots of the tasks underway and quickly jump from one application to another.</li> <li>Redesigned the keyboard, making typing fast, efficient and accurate on larger screen sizes</li> <li>Simplified, more intuitive copy/paste interface.</li> <li>Multiple browser tabs replacing browser windows, plus form auto-fill and a new "incognito" mode allowing somewhat anonymous browsing.</li> <li>Quick access to camera exposure, focus, flash, zoom, front-facing camera, time-lapse, and other camera features.</li> <li>Ability to view albums and other collections in full-screen mode in Gallery, with easy access to thumbnails for other photos.</li> <li>New two-pane Contacts UI and Fast Scroll to let users easily organize and locate contacts.</li> <li>New two-pane Email UI to make viewing and organizing messages more efficient, allowing users to select one or more messages.</li> <li>Hardware acceleration.</li> <li>Support for <a href="/wiki/Multi-core_processor" title="Multi-core processor">multi-core processors</a>.</li> <li>Ability to encrypt all user data.</li> <li>HTTPS stack improved with <a href="/wiki/Server_Name_Indication" title="Server Name Indication">Server Name Indication</a> (SNI).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filesystem_in_Userspace" title="Filesystem in Userspace">Filesystem in Userspace</a> (FUSE; kernel module).</li> <li>Disallows applications from having to write access to secondary storage (memory cards on devices with internal primary storage) outside of designated, application-specific directories. Full access to primary internal storage is still allowed through a separate application-level permission.<a href="#cite_note-anandtech-sdkitkat-94">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-androidpolice-sdcards-95">[93]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Android_3.1_Honeycomb">Android 3.1 Honeycomb</h4></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 3.1 Honeycomb (API 12) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>3.1 </td> <td>May 10, 2011<a href="#cite_note-96">[94]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>UI refinements.</li> <li>Connectivity for USB accessories (<a href="/wiki/USB_On-The-Go" title="USB On-The-Go">USB On-The-Go</a>).</li> <li>Expanded Recent Applications list.</li> <li>Resizable Home screen widgets.</li> <li>Support for external keyboards and pointing devices.</li> <li>Support for joysticks and gamepads.</li> <li>Support for <a href="/wiki/FLAC" title="FLAC">FLAC</a> audio playback.<a href="#cite_note-Android-Media-Formats-97">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[96]</a></li> <li>High-performance Wi-Fi lock, maintaining high-performance Wi-Fi connections when the device screen is off.</li> <li>Support for HTTP proxy for each connected Wi-Fi access point.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Android_3.2_Honeycomb">Android 3.2 Honeycomb</h4></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 3.2 Honeycomb (API 13) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>3.2 </td> <td>July 15, 2011<a href="#cite_note-Ducrohet-99">[97]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Improved hardware support, including optimizations for a wider range of tablets.</li> <li>Increased ability of applications to access files on the SD card, e.g. for synchronization.</li> <li>Compatibility display mode for applications that have not been optimized for tablet screen resolutions.</li> <li>New display support functions, giving developers more control over display appearance on different Android devices.<a href="#cite_note-Android_Developers-100">[98]</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3.2.1 </td> <td>September 20, 2011 </td> <td> <ul><li>Bug fixes and minor security, stability and Wi-Fi improvements.</li> <li>Update to <a href="/wiki/Android_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="Android Market">Android Market</a> with automatic updates and easier-to-read Terms and Conditions text.</li> <li>Update to <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</li> <li>Improved <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash</a> support in browser.</li> <li>Improved <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a> handwriting prediction.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3.2.2 </td> <td>September 30, 2011 </td> <td> <ul><li>Bug fixes and other minor improvements for the Motorola Xoom 4G.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3.2.4 </td> <td>December 15, 2011 </td> <td> <ul><li>Pay As You Go for 3G and 4G tablets.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3.2.6 </td> <td>February 15, 2012 </td> <td> <ul><li>Fixed data connectivity issues when coming out of Airplane mode on the US 4G Motorola Xoom.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_4.0_Ice_Cream_Sandwich">Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_Ice_Cream_Sandwich" title="Android Ice Cream Sandwich">Android Ice Cream Sandwich</a></div> The SDK for Android 4.0.1 (Ice Cream Sandwich), based on Linux kernel 3.0.1,<a href="#cite_note-101">[99]</a> was publicly released on October 19, 2011.<a href="#cite_note-102">[100]</a> Google's Gabe Cohen stated that Android 4.0 was "theoretically compatible" with any Android 2.3.x device in production at that time.<a href="#cite_note-103">[101]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> for Android 4.0 became available on November 14, 2011.<a href="#cite_note-104">[102]</a> Ice Cream Sandwich was the last version to officially support <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</a>' <a href="/wiki/Flash_player#Mobile_platforms" class="mw-redirect" title="Flash player">Flash player</a>.<a href="#cite_note-105">[103]</a> The update introduced numerous new features:<a href="#cite_note-ics-release-106">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[106]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich (API 14) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>4.0 </td> <td>October 18, 2011<a href="#cite_note-ics-release-106">[104]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Major refinements to the "Holo" interface with the new <a href="/wiki/Roboto" title="Roboto">Roboto</a> font family.</li> <li>Soft buttons from Android 3.x are now available for use on phones.</li> <li>Separation of widgets in a new tab, listed in a similar manner to applications.</li> <li>Easier-to-create folders, with a drag-and-drop style.</li> <li>Improved visual voicemail with the ability to speed up or slow down voicemail messages.</li> <li>Pinch-to-zoom functionality in the Calendar.</li> <li>Integrated screenshot capture (accomplished by holding down the Power and Volume-Down buttons).</li> <li>Improved error correction on the keyboard.</li> <li>Ability to access applications directly from the <a href="/wiki/Lock_screen" title="Lock screen">lock screen</a>.</li> <li>Improved copy-and-paste functionality.</li> <li>Better voice integration and continuous, real-time speech-to-text dictation.</li> <li>Face Unlock, a feature that allows users to unlock handsets using <a href="/wiki/Facial_recognition_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Facial recognition software">facial recognition software</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CWnostalgia-93">[91]</a></li> <li>Automatic syncing of browser with users' Chrome bookmarks.</li> <li>Data Usage section in settings that lets users set warnings when they approach a certain usage limit, and disable data use when the limit is exceeded.</li> <li>Ability to shut down applications from the recent apps list with a swipe.<a href="#cite_note-109">[107]</a></li> <li>Improved camera application with zero shutter lag, time lapse settings, panorama mode, and the ability to zoom while recording.</li> <li>Built-in photo editor.</li> <li>New gallery layout, organized by location and person.</li> <li>Refreshed the "People" application with social network integration, status updates and hi-res images.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Beam" title="Android Beam">Android Beam</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Near-field_communication" title="Near-field communication">near-field communication</a> feature allowing the rapid short-range exchange of web bookmarks, contact info, directions, YouTube videos and other data.<a href="#cite_note-CWnostalgia-93">[91]</a></li> <li>Support for the <a href="/wiki/WebP" title="WebP">WebP</a> image format.<a href="#cite_note-Android-Media-Formats-97">[95]</a></li> <li>Hardware acceleration of the UI.<a href="#cite_note-110">[108]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi_Direct" title="Wi-Fi Direct">Wi-Fi Direct</a>.<a href="#cite_note-111">[109]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1080p" title="1080p">1080p</a> video recording for stock Android devices.</li> <li>Android VPN Framework (AVF), and TUN (but not TAP) kernel module. Prior to 4.0, VPN software required a rooted Android device.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.0.1 </td> <td>October 19, 2011 </td> <td> <ul><li>Fixed minor bugs for the Samsung Galaxy Nexus.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.0.2 </td> <td>November 28, 2011 </td> <td> <ul><li>Fixed minor bugs on the Verizon Galaxy Nexus, the US launch of which was later delayed until December 2011.<a href="#cite_note-114">[b]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Android_4.0.3_Ice_Cream_Sandwich">Android 4.0.3 Ice Cream Sandwich</h4></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 4.0.3 Ice Cream Sandwich (API 15) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>4.0.3 </td> <td>December 16, 2011<a href="#cite_note-ICS16Dec2011-115">[112]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Numerous bug fixes and optimizations.</li> <li>Improvements to graphics, databases, spell-checking and Bluetooth functionality.</li> <li>New APIs for developers, including a social stream API in the Contacts provider.</li> <li>Calendar provider enhancements.</li> <li>New camera applications enhancing video stabilization and <a href="/wiki/Quarter_Video_Graphics_Array" class="mw-redirect" title="Quarter Video Graphics Array">QVGA</a> resolution.</li> <li>Accessibility refinements such as improved content access for screen readers.<a href="#cite_note-116">[113]</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.0.4 </td> <td>March 28, 2012 </td> <td> <ul><li>Stability improvements.</li> <li>Better camera performance.</li> <li>Smoother screen rotation.</li> <li>Improved phone number recognition.<a href="#cite_note-ICS29mar2012-117">[114]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_4.1_Jelly_Bean">Android 4.1 Jelly Bean</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_Jelly_Bean" title="Android Jelly Bean">Android Jelly Bean</a></div> Google announced Android 4.1 (Jelly Bean) at the <a href="/wiki/Google_I/O" title="Google I/O">Google I/O</a> conference on June 27, 2012. Based on Linux kernel 3.0.31, Jelly Bean was an incremental update with the primary aim of improving the functionality and performance of the user interface. The performance improvement involved "Project Butter", which uses touch anticipation, <a href="/wiki/Multiple_buffering" title="Multiple buffering">triple buffering</a>, extended <a href="/wiki/Vsync_(computing)" title="Vsync (computing)">vsync</a> timing and a fixed frame rate of 60 <a href="/wiki/Framerate" class="mw-redirect" title="Framerate">fps</a> to create a fluid and "buttery-smooth" UI.<a href="#cite_note-Android-4.1-devs-118">[115]</a> Android 4.1 Jelly Bean was released to the <a href="/wiki/Android_Open_Source_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Android Open Source Project">Android Open Source Project</a> on July 9, 2012,<a href="#cite_note-119">[116]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Nexus_7_(2012_version)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nexus 7 (2012 version)">Nexus 7</a> tablet, the first device to run Jelly Bean, was released on July 13, 2012. <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 4.1 Jelly Bean (API 16) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>4.1 </td> <td>July 9, 2012 </td> <td> <ul><li>Smoother user interface: <ul><li>Vsync timing across all drawing and animation done by the Android framework, including application rendering, touch events, screen composition and display refresh.</li> <li>Triple buffering in the graphics pipeline.</li> <li>CPU input boost.</li> <li>Synchronizing touch to vsync timing.</li></ul></li> <li>Enhanced <a href="/wiki/Accessibility" title="Accessibility">accessibility</a>.</li> <li>Bi-directional text and other language support.</li> <li>User-installable keyboard maps.</li> <li>Expandable notifications.</li> <li>TLS v1.1 and v1.2 support added.</li> <li>Ability to turn off notifications on an application-specific basis.</li> <li>Shortcuts and widgets can automatically be re-arranged or re-sized to allow new items to fit on home screens.</li> <li>Bluetooth data transfer for Android Beam.</li> <li>Tablets with smaller screens now use an expanded version of the interface layout and home screen used by phones.<a href="#cite_note-android41-differentlayouts-120">[117]</a></li> <li>Improved camera application.</li> <li>Multichannel audio.<a href="#cite_note-Android-4.1-devs-118">[115]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Fraunhofer_FDK_AAC" title="Fraunhofer FDK AAC">Fraunhofer FDK AAC</a> codec becomes standard in Android, adding AAC 5.1 channel encoding/decoding.</li> <li>USB audio (for external sound <a href="/wiki/Digital-to-analog_converter" title="Digital-to-analog converter">DACs</a>).<a href="#cite_note-Android-4.1-devs-118">[115]</a></li> <li>Audio chaining (also known as <a href="/wiki/Gapless_playback" title="Gapless playback">gapless playback</a>).<a href="#cite_note-Android-4.1-devs-118">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[119]</a></li> <li>Ability for other launchers to add widgets from the application drawer without requiring root access.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.1.1 </td> <td>July 9, 2012<a href="#cite_note-123">[120]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Fixed a bug on the Nexus 7 regarding the inability to change screen orientation in applications.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.1.2 </td> <td>October 9, 2012<a href="#cite_note-Jelly_Bean_4.1.2-124">[121]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Lock/home screen rotation support.<a href="#cite_note-125">[122]</a></li> <li>One-finger gestures to expand/collapse notifications.<a href="#cite_note-126">[123]</a></li> <li>Bug fixes and performance enhancements.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Android_4.2_Jelly_Bean">Android 4.2 Jelly Bean</h4></div> Google was expected to announce Jelly Bean 4.2 at an event in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> on October 29, 2012, but the event was cancelled due to <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Sandy" title="Hurricane Sandy">Hurricane Sandy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-127">[124]</a> Instead of rescheduling the live event, Google announced the new version with a press release, under the slogan "A new flavor of Jelly Bean". Jelly Bean 4.2 was based on Linux kernel 3.4.0, and debuted on Google's <a href="/wiki/Nexus_4" title="Nexus 4">Nexus 4</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nexus_10" title="Nexus 10">Nexus 10</a>, which were released on November 13, 2012.<a href="#cite_note-New4.2And-128">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[126]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 4.2 Jelly Bean (API 17) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>4.2 </td> <td>November 13, 2012<a href="#cite_note-Jelly_Bean_4.2-130">[127]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lock_screen" title="Lock screen">Lock screen</a> improvements, including widget support (removed again in 2014)<a href="#cite_note-CWnostalgia-93">[91]</a> and the ability to swipe directly to the camera.<a href="#cite_note-131">[128]</a></li> <li>Notification power controls ("Quick Settings").</li> <li>"Daydream" <a href="/wiki/Screensaver" title="Screensaver">screensavers</a>, showing information when idle or docked (later renamed to "screen saver" following the launch of the unrelated <a href="/wiki/Google_Daydream" title="Google Daydream">Google Daydream</a> VR platform in 2016).<a href="#cite_note-CWnostalgia-93">[91]</a></li> <li>Multiple user accounts (tablets only).</li> <li>Rewritten <a href="/wiki/Bluetooth_stack" title="Bluetooth stack">Bluetooth stack</a>, switching from <a href="/wiki/Bluez" class="mw-redirect" title="Bluez">Bluez</a> to <a href="/wiki/Broadcom" title="Broadcom">Broadcom</a> open source <a href="/wiki/BlueDroid" class="mw-redirect" title="BlueDroid">BlueDroid</a>,<a href="#cite_note-anand1-132">[129]</a> allowing improved support for multiple displays and wireless display (<a href="/wiki/Miracast" title="Miracast">Miracast</a>).</li> <li>Native <a href="/wiki/Right-to-left" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-to-left">right-to-left</a>, always-on <a href="/wiki/Virtual_Private_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual Private Network">VPN</a> and application verification.<a href="#cite_note-aosp-jb1-133">[130]</a> A new <a href="/wiki/Near_field_communication" class="mw-redirect" title="Near field communication">NFC</a> stack was added at the same time.<a href="#cite_note-anand1-132">[129]</a></li> <li>Accessibility improvements: triple-tap to magnify the entire screen, pan and zoom with two fingers. Speech output and Gesture Mode navigation for blind users.</li> <li>New clock application with a built-in world clock, stop watch and timer.</li> <li>All devices now use the same interface layout, previously adapted from phones on 4.1 for smaller tablets (with centered software buttons, the system bar at the top of the screen, and a home screen with a dock and centered application menu), regardless of screen size.</li> <li>Increased number of extended notifications and Actionable Notifications for more applications, allowing users to respond to certain notifications within the notification bar and without launching the application directly.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SELinux" class="mw-redirect" title="SELinux">SELinux</a> support.</li> <li>Premium <a href="/wiki/SMS" title="SMS">SMS</a> confirmation.<a href="#cite_note-Android_Police_4.2_Alpha_Teardown-134">[131]</a></li> <li>Group Messaging support.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.2.1 </td> <td>November 27, 2012<a href="#cite_note-135">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-Jelly_Bean_4.2.1-136">[133]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Fixed a bug in the People application where December was not displayed on the date selector when adding an event to a contact.<a href="#cite_note-December_bug-137">[134]</a></li> <li>Added Bluetooth gamepads and joysticks as supported <a href="/wiki/Human_interface_device" title="Human interface device">HIDs</a> (Human interface devices).</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.2.2 </td> <td>February 11, 2013<a href="#cite_note-Jelly_Bean_4.2.2-138">[135]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Fixed Bluetooth audio streaming bugs.<a href="#cite_note-139">[136]</a></li> <li>Long-pressing the Wi-Fi and Bluetooth icons in Quick Settings now toggles the on/off state.</li> <li>New download notifications, which now show the percentage and estimated time remaining for active application downloads.</li> <li>New sounds for wireless charging and low battery.</li> <li>New Gallery application animation allows faster loading.</li> <li>USB debug whitelist.</li> <li>Bug fixes and performance enhancements.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Android_4.3_Jelly_Bean">Android 4.3 Jelly Bean</h4></div> Google released Jelly Bean 4.3 under the slogan "An even sweeter Jelly Bean" on July 24, 2013, during an event in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> called "Breakfast with <a href="/wiki/Sundar_Pichai" title="Sundar Pichai">Sundar Pichai</a>". Most Nexus devices received the update within a week, although the <a href="/wiki/Nexus_7_(2nd_generation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nexus 7 (2nd generation)">second-generation Nexus 7</a> tablet was the first device to officially ship with it.<a href="#cite_note-TomsJuly2013-140">[137]</a> A minor bug fix update was released on August 22, 2013.<a href="#cite_note-141">[138]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 4.3 Jelly Bean (API 18) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>4.3 </td> <td>July 24, 2013<a href="#cite_note-Jelly_Bean_4.3-142">[139]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bluetooth_Low_Energy" title="Bluetooth Low Energy">Bluetooth Low Energy</a> support.<a href="#cite_note-OfficialAndroidBlog4.3-143">[140]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVRCP" class="mw-redirect" title="AVRCP">Bluetooth Audio/Video Remote Control Profile (AVRCP) 1.3</a> support.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenGL_ES#OpenGL_ES_3.0" title="OpenGL ES">OpenGL ES 3.0</a> support, allowing improved game graphics.<a href="#cite_note-OfficialAndroidBlog4.3-143">[140]</a></li> <li>Restricted access mode for new user profiles.<a href="#cite_note-OfficialAndroidBlog4.3-143">[140]</a></li> <li>Filesystem performance improvement by running the <a href="/wiki/Trim_(computing)" title="Trim (computing)">fstrim</a> command while a device is idle.<a href="#cite_note-EngdtTRIM-144">[141]</a></li> <li>Dial pad auto-complete in the Phone application.<a href="#cite_note-OfficialAndroidBlog4.3-143">[140]</a></li> <li>Volume for incoming calls (ringtone) and notification alerts is no longer adjustable separately.</li> <li>Improvements to Photo Sphere.<a href="#cite_note-APPhotosphere-145">[142]</a></li> <li>Reworked camera UI, previously introduced on Google Play edition phones.<a href="#cite_note-4.3Camera-146">[143]</a></li> <li>Addition of "<a href="/wiki/App_Ops" class="mw-redirect" title="App Ops">App Ops</a>", a fine-grained application permissions control system (hidden by default).<a href="#cite_note-AppOps-147">[144]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SELinux" class="mw-redirect" title="SELinux">SELinux</a> enabled by default.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/4K_resolution" title="4K resolution">4K resolution</a> support.<a href="#cite_note-Engdt4K-148">[145]</a></li> <li>Numerous security updates, performance enhancements, and bug fixes.<a href="#cite_note-AP4.3-149">[146]</a></li> <li>System-level support for <a href="/wiki/Geo-fence" class="mw-redirect" title="Geo-fence">geofencing</a> and Wi-Fi scanning APIs.</li> <li>Background Wi-Fi location still runs even when Wi-Fi is turned off.</li> <li>Developer logging and analyzing enhancements.</li> <li>Added support for five more languages.</li> <li>Changed <a href="/wiki/Digital_rights_management" title="Digital rights management">digital rights management</a> (DRM) APIs.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-to-left" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-to-left">Right-to-left</a> (RTL) languages now supported.<a href="#cite_note-OfficialAndroidBlog4.3-143">[140]</a></li> <li>Clock in the status bar disappears if it is selected as a lockscreen widget.</li> <li>Native <a href="/wiki/Emoji" title="Emoji">emoji</a> support.<a href="#cite_note-CNet_4.3-150">[147]</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.3.1 </td> <td>October 3, 2013<a href="#cite_note-Jelly_Bean_4.3.1-151">[148]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Bug fixes and small tweaks for the Nexus 7 LTE.<a href="#cite_note-4.3.1changelog-152">[149]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_4.4_KitKat">Android 4.4 KitKat</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_KitKat" title="Android KitKat">Android KitKat</a></div> Google announced Android 4.4 <a href="/wiki/Kit_Kat" title="Kit Kat">KitKat</a> on September 3, 2013. Although initially under the "Key Lime Pie" ("KLP") codename, the name was changed because "very few people actually know the taste of a <a href="/wiki/Key_lime_pie" title="Key lime pie">key lime pie</a>."<a href="#cite_note-KitkatBBC-153">[150]</a> Some technology bloggers also expected the "Key Lime Pie" release to be Android 5.<a href="#cite_note-154">[151]</a> KitKat debuted on Google's <a href="/wiki/Nexus_5" title="Nexus 5">Nexus 5</a> on October 31, 2013, and was optimized to run on a greater range of devices than earlier Android versions, having 512 MB of RAM as a recommended minimum; those improvements were known as "Project Svelte" internally at Google.<a href="#cite_note-Nexus_5_review-155">[152]</a> The required minimum amount of RAM available to Android is 340 MB, and all devices with less than 512 MB of RAM must report themselves as "low RAM" devices.<a href="#cite_note-cdd-4.4-156">[153]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 4.4 KitKat (API 19) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>4.4 </td> <td>October 31, 2013<a href="#cite_note-Android_4.4_KitKat-157">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-androiddev-44-158">[155]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Refreshed interface with white elements instead of blue.</li> <li>Clock no longer shows bold hours; all digits are thin. The H, M, and S markings for the stopwatch and timer have been removed, leaving just the numbers.</li> <li>Ability for applications to trigger translucency in the navigation and status bars.<a href="#cite_note-verge-n5handson-159">[156]</a></li> <li>Ability for applications to use "immersive mode" to keep the navigation and status bars hidden while maintaining user interaction.<a href="#cite_note-160">[157]</a></li> <li>Action overflow menu buttons are always visible, even on devices with a "Menu" key, which was officially deprecated by Android 4.0.<a href="#cite_note-phonearena-overflowgone-161">[158]</a></li> <li>Write access disabled for user-installed applications on external storage (i.e. <a href="/wiki/MicroSD" class="mw-redirect" title="MicroSD">MicroSD</a>), except for their own directories inside <code>Android/data</code>.<a href="#cite_note-162">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-4.4storage-163">[160]</a></li> <li>Purging of app data directories in user storage (internal user storage and MicroSD) upon uninstallation<a href="#cite_note-4.4storage-163">[160]</a></li> <li>Optimizations for performance on devices with lower specifications, including <a href="/wiki/Zram" title="Zram">zRAM</a> support and "low RAM" device API.<a href="#cite_note-Nexus_5_review-155">[152]</a></li> <li>Wireless printing capability.<a href="#cite_note-Nexus_5_review-155">[152]</a></li> <li>NFC <a href="/wiki/Host_card_emulation" title="Host card emulation">host card emulation</a>, enabling a device to replace <a href="/wiki/Smart_card" title="Smart card">smart cards</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Nexus_5_review-155">[152]</a></li> <li>WebViews are now based on the <a href="/wiki/Chromium_(web_browser)" title="Chromium (web browser)">Chromium</a> engine (feature parity with <a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome_for_Android" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Chrome for Android">Chrome for Android</a> 30).</li> <li>Expanded functionality for notification listener services.<a href="#cite_note-Nexus_5_review-155">[152]</a></li> <li>Public API for developing and managing <a href="/wiki/Short_Message_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Short Message Service">text messaging</a> clients.<a href="#cite_note-adb-kitkatsms-164">[161]</a></li> <li>Storage Access Framework, an API allowing apps to retrieve files in a consistent manner. As part of the framework, a new system file picker allows users to access files from various sources (including those exposed by apps, such as online storage services).<a href="#cite_note-anandtech-sdkitkat-94">[92]</a></li> <li>New framework for UI transitions.</li> <li>Sensor batching, step detector and counter APIs.<a href="#cite_note-Nexus_5_review-155">[152]</a></li> <li>Settings application now makes it possible to select default text messaging and the home (launcher) application.</li> <li>Audio tunneling, audio monitoring and loudness enhancer.<a href="#cite_note-165">[162]</a></li> <li>Built-in screen recording feature (primarily for developers, as usage of <a href="/wiki/Android_Debug_Bridge" title="Android Debug Bridge">ADB</a> is required).<a href="#cite_note-166">[163]</a></li> <li>Native <a href="/wiki/Infrared_blaster" title="Infrared blaster">infrared blaster</a> API.</li> <li>Verified boot.</li> <li>Enforcing <a href="/wiki/SELinux" class="mw-redirect" title="SELinux">SELinux</a>.</li> <li>Expanded accessibility APIs and system-level <a href="/wiki/Closed_captioning" title="Closed captioning">closed captioning</a> settings.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Runtime" title="Android Runtime">Android Runtime</a> (ART) introduced as a new experimental application <a href="/wiki/Runtime_environment" class="mw-redirect" title="Runtime environment">runtime environment</a>, not enabled by default, as a replacement for the <a href="/wiki/Dalvik_(software)" title="Dalvik (software)">Dalvik</a> virtual machine.<a href="#cite_note-167">[164]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Message_Access_Profile" class="mw-redirect" title="Message Access Profile">Bluetooth Message Access Profile</a> (MAP) support.<a href="#cite_note-168">[165]</a></li> <li>Disabled access to battery statistics by third-party applications.<a href="#cite_note-169">[166]</a></li> <li>Settings application no longer uses a multi-pane layout on devices with larger screens.</li> <li>Wi-Fi and mobile data activity (TX/RX) indicators are moved to quick settings.<a href="#cite_note-170">[167]</a></li> <li>Disables text wrapping in the WebView browser component.<a href="#cite_note-171">[168]</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.4.1 </td> <td>December 5, 2013<a href="#cite_note-172">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[170]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Better application compatibility for the experimental Android Runtime (ART).</li> <li>Camera application now loads Google+ Photos instead of Gallery when swiping away from the camera view.</li> <li>Miscellaneous improvements and bug fixes.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.4.2 </td> <td>December 9, 2013<a href="#cite_note-174">[171]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Further security enhancements and bug fixes.</li> <li>Removal of the "<a href="/wiki/App_Ops" class="mw-redirect" title="App Ops">App Ops</a>" application permissions control system, introduced in Android 4.3.<a href="#cite_note-175">[172]</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.4.3 </td> <td>June 2, 2014<a href="#cite_note-176">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[174]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Refreshed the Dialer app's interface.<a href="#cite_note-178">[175]</a></li> <li>Updated the Chromium-based WebView to version 33 (screencasting to DevTools, HTML5 Canvas hardware acceleration performance improvements, vibration API, HTML5 form validation, and an HTML5 datalist).<a href="#cite_note-179">[176]</a></li> <li>Miscellaneous improvements and bug fixes.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.4.4 </td> <td>June 19, 2014<a href="#cite_note-180">[177]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CVE-2014-0224" class="mw-redirect" title="CVE-2014-0224">CVE-2014-0224</a> fixed, eliminating an <a href="/wiki/OpenSSL" title="OpenSSL">OpenSSL</a> <a href="/wiki/Man-in-the-middle_attack" title="Man-in-the-middle attack">man-in-the-middle</a> vulnerability.<a href="#cite_note-181">[178]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Android_4.4W_KitKat,_with_wearable_extensions">Android 4.4W KitKat, with wearable extensions</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wear_OS" title="Wear OS">Wear OS</a></div> On June 24, 2014, a version of Android KitKat exclusive to Android Wear devices was released. <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 4.4W KitKat, with wearable extensions (API 20) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>4.4W<a href="#cite_note-Wear_source_code-182">[179]</a> </td> <td>June 25, 2014<a href="#cite_note-183">[180]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Initial release of the Android Wear platform for <a href="/wiki/Smartwatch" title="Smartwatch">smartwatches</a>: the same as Android 4.4 "KitKat", but with wearable extensions added.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.4W.1 </td> <td>September 6, 2014<a href="#cite_note-184">[181]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>UI updates for Google Maps navigation and alarms.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4.4W.2 </td> <td>October 21, 2014<a href="#cite_note-185">[182]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Offline music playback.</li> <li>GPS support.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_5.0_Lollipop">Android 5.0 Lollipop</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_Lollipop" title="Android Lollipop">Android Lollipop</a></div> Android 5.0 "Lollipop" was unveiled under the codename "Android L" on June 25, 2014, during <a href="/wiki/Google_I/O" title="Google I/O">Google I/O</a>. It became available as an official <a href="/wiki/Over-the-air_programming" class="mw-redirect" title="Over-the-air programming">over-the-air</a> (OTA) update on November 12, 2014, for select devices that run distributions of Android serviced by Google, including <a href="/wiki/Google_Nexus" title="Google Nexus">Nexus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Google_Play_edition" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Play edition">Google Play edition</a> devices. Its source code was made available on November 3, 2014.<a href="#cite_note-PCWorldJun2014-186">[183]</a><a href="#cite_note-187">[184]</a> Lollipop features a redesigned user interface built around a responsive <a href="/wiki/Design_language" title="Design language">design language</a> referred to as "<a href="/wiki/Material_design" class="mw-redirect" title="Material design">material design</a>". Other changes include improvements to the notifications, which can be accessed from the lockscreen and displayed within applications as top-of-the-screen banners. Furthermore, Google made internal changes to the platform, with the <a href="/wiki/Android_Runtime" title="Android Runtime">Android Runtime</a> (ART) officially replacing <a href="/wiki/Dalvik_virtual_machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalvik virtual machine">Dalvik</a> for improved application performance, and with changes intended to improve and optimize battery usage, known internally as <a href="/wiki/Project_Volta" class="mw-redirect" title="Project Volta">Project Volta</a>.<a href="#cite_note-188">[185]</a><a href="#cite_note-189">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-190">[187]</a><a href="#cite_note-191">[188]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 5.0 Lollipop (API 21) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>5.0<a href="#cite_note-Api_level_21-22-192">[189]</a> </td> <td>November 4, 2014<a href="#cite_note-android.googlesource.com-19">[19]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Runtime" title="Android Runtime">Android Runtime</a> (ART) with <a href="/wiki/Ahead-of-time_compilation" title="Ahead-of-time compilation">ahead-of-time (AOT) compilation</a> and improved <a href="/wiki/Garbage_collection_(computer_science)" title="Garbage collection (computer science)">garbage collection</a> (GC), replacing <a href="/wiki/Dalvik_(software)" title="Dalvik (software)">Dalvik</a> that combines bytecode <a href="/wiki/Interpreter_(computing)" title="Interpreter (computing)">interpretation</a> with <a href="/wiki/Tracing_just-in-time_compilation" title="Tracing just-in-time compilation">trace-based just-in-time (JIT) compilation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Api_level_21-22-192">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-193">[190]</a></li> <li>Support for <a href="/wiki/64-bit_computing" title="64-bit computing">64-bit</a> CPUs.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenGL_ES" title="OpenGL ES">OpenGL ES</a> 3.1 and Android Extension Pack (AEP) on supported GPU configurations.</li> <li>Recent activities screen with tasks instead of applications, up to a configured maximum of tasks per application.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vector_graphics" title="Vector graphics">Vector drawables</a>, which scale without losing definition.</li> <li>Support for print previews.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Material_design" class="mw-redirect" title="Material design">Material design</a>, bringing a restyled user interface and "ripple effect" for buttons.</li> <li>Refreshed lock screen, no longer supporting widgets.<a href="#cite_note-194">[191]</a></li> <li>Refreshed notification tray and quick settings pull-down.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Volta" class="mw-redirect" title="Project Volta">Project Volta</a>, for battery life improvements.</li> <li>Searches can be performed within the system settings for quicker access to particular settings.</li> <li>Lock screen provides shortcuts to application and notification settings.<a href="#cite_note-IndiaTimes-195">[192]</a></li> <li>Guest logins and multiple user accounts are available on more devices, such as phones.<a href="#cite_note-196">[193]</a></li> <li>Audio input and output through USB devices.</li> <li>Third-party applications regain the ability to read and modify data located anywhere on external storage, such as on <a href="/wiki/SD_card" title="SD card">SD cards</a>. However, those must be adapted to the storage access framework of Android API level 21 or higher.<a href="#cite_note-android-police01-197">[194]</a><a href="#cite_note-android-police02-198">[195]</a></li> <li>Pinning of an application's screen for restricted user activity.<a href="#cite_note-IndiaTimes-195">[192]</a></li> <li>Recently used applications are remembered even after restarting the device.<a href="#cite_note-IndiaTimes-195">[192]</a></li> <li>WebViews receive updates independently through <a href="/wiki/Google_Play" title="Google Play">Google Play</a> for security reasons, instead of relying on system-wide vendor updates.<a href="#cite_note-199">[196]</a></li> <li>Addition of 15 new languages: Basque, Bengali, Burmese, Chinese (Hong Kong), Galician, Icelandic, Kannada, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Malayalam, Marathi, Nepali, Sinhala, Tamil and Telugu.<a href="#cite_note-AndroidLollipop-200">[197]</a></li> <li>Tap and Go allows users to quickly migrate to a new Android device, using NFC and Bluetooth to transfer Google Account details, configuration settings, user data and installed applications.<a href="#cite_note-IndiaTimes-195">[192]</a></li> <li>A flashlight-style application is included, working on supported devices with a camera flash.<a href="#cite_note-IndiaTimes-195">[192]</a></li> <li>User-customizable priorities for application notifications.<a href="#cite_note-CNET-priority-201">[198]</a></li> <li>Smart lock feature.<a href="#cite_note-202">[199]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SELinux" class="mw-redirect" title="SELinux">SELinux</a> in enforcing mode for all domains.</li> <li>Updated emoji.<a href="#cite_note-emojipedia-50-203">[200]</a></li> <li>Improved <a href="/wiki/Accessibility" title="Accessibility">accessibility</a> support (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Switch_access" title="Switch access">switch access</a> support).<a href="#cite_note-androidcentral1-204">[201]</a></li> <li>Block-based over-the-air (OTA) updates for new devices.<a href="#cite_note-205">[202]</a></li> <li>Task listing access disabled for third-party applications.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5.0.1 </td> <td>December 2, 2014<a href="#cite_note-206">[203]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>A few bug fixes, including resolving issues with video playback and password failures handling.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5.0.2 </td> <td>December 19, 2014<a href="#cite_note-FactoryImages-24">[24]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Fixes a bug with <a href="/wiki/Trim_(computing)" title="Trim (computing)">TRIM</a> support (introduced in Version 4.3), which prevented devices from running on-charger cleanups of file system allocations if the device was turned off at midnight, or if it was charged only when in use.<a href="#cite_note-207">[204]</a></li> <li>Changes how alarms wake the CPU, and how alarms compete for system resources.<a href="#cite_note-208">[205]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Android_5.1_Lollipop">Android 5.1 Lollipop</h4></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 5.1 Lollipop (API 22) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>5.1 </td> <td>March 2, 2015<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-20">[20]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Improvements and bug fixes to the Overview screen.</li> <li>Ability to join Wi-Fi networks and control paired Bluetooth devices from quick settings.</li> <li>Official support for <a href="/wiki/Dual_SIM" title="Dual SIM">multiple SIM cards</a>.<a href="#cite_note-venturebeat-20150309-209">[206]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-theft_system" title="Anti-theft system">Device protection</a>: if a device is lost or stolen it will remain locked until the owner signs into their Google account, even if the device is reset to factory settings.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wideband_audio" title="Wideband audio">High-definition voice calls</a>, available between compatible 4G LTE devices running Android 5.1.<a href="#cite_note-venturebeat-20150309-209">[206]</a></li> <li>Improvements to the notification priority system, to more closely replicate the <a href="/wiki/Silent_mode" title="Silent mode">silent mode</a> that was removed from Android 5.0.<a href="#cite_note-210">[207]</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5.1.1 </td> <td>April 20, 2015<a href="#cite_note-211">[208]</a><a href="#cite_note-phandroid-5.1.1-212">[209]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Various bug fixes<a href="#cite_note-phandroid-5.1.1-212">[209]</a></li> <li>Native <a href="/wiki/Generic_Access_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Generic Access Network">Wi-Fi calling</a> support.<a href="#cite_note-213">[210]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_6.0_Marshmallow">Android 6.0 Marshmallow</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_Marshmallow" title="Android Marshmallow">Android Marshmallow</a></div> Android 6.0 "Marshmallow" was unveiled under the codename "Android M" during <a href="/wiki/Google_I/O" title="Google I/O">Google I/O</a> on May 28, 2015, for the <a href="/wiki/Nexus_5" title="Nexus 5">Nexus 5</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nexus_6" title="Nexus 6">Nexus 6</a> phones, <a href="/wiki/Nexus_9" title="Nexus 9">Nexus 9</a> tablet, and <a href="/wiki/Nexus_Player" title="Nexus Player">Nexus Player</a> set-top box, under the build number MPZ44Q.<a href="#cite_note-214">[211]</a> The third developer preview (MPA44G) was released on August 17, 2015, for the Nexus 5, Nexus 6, Nexus 9 and Nexus Player devices,<a href="#cite_note-215">[212]</a> and was updated to MPA44I that brought fixes related to <a href="/wiki/Android_for_Work" class="mw-redirect" title="Android for Work">Android for Work</a> profiles.<a href="#cite_note-216">[213]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 6.0 Marshmallow (API 23) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>6.0 </td> <td>September 29, 2015<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-217">[214]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Precluded rudimentary <a href="/wiki/File_manager" title="File manager">file manager</a> (package name: <code>com.android.documentsui</code>), accessible from storage settings.<a href="#cite_note-218">[215]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memory_card" title="Memory card">Memory card</a> mounted to <code>/storage/????-????/</code> rather than <code>/storage/extSdCard/</code>, with a hexadecimal <a href="/wiki/Volume_serial_number" class="mw-redirect" title="Volume serial number">volume serial number</a> in place of the <a href="/wiki/Wildcard_character" title="Wildcard character">wildcard</a> question marks.<a href="#cite_note-219">[216]</a></li> <li>Contextual search from keywords within apps.<a href="#cite_note-220">[217]</a></li> <li>Introduction of Doze mode, which reduces CPU speed while the screen is off in order to save battery life.<a href="#cite_note-221">[218]</a></li> <li>App Standby feature.</li> <li>Alphabetically accessible vertical application drawer.<a href="#cite_note-222">[219]</a></li> <li>Application search bar and favorites.</li> <li>Native fingerprint reader support.</li> <li>Direct Share feature for target-specific sharing between apps.<a href="#cite_note-223">[220]</a></li> <li>Renamed "Priority" mode to "Do Not Disturb" mode.</li> <li>App Linking for faster instinctive opening of links with corresponding applications.<a href="#cite_note-224">[221]</a><a href="#cite_note-225">[222]</a></li> <li>Larger Application folders with multiple pages.</li> <li>Post-install/run-time permission requests.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/USB-C" title="USB-C">USB-C</a> support.</li> <li>Demo Mode feature for screenshot-capture usage.<a href="#cite_note-226">[223]</a></li> <li>Automatic full data backup and restore for apps.<a href="#cite_note-227">[224]</a></li> <li>4K display mode for apps.<a href="#cite_note-228">[225]</a></li> <li>Adoptable External storage to behave like Internal Storage.<a href="#cite_note-229">[226]</a><a href="#cite_note-230">[227]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIDI" title="MIDI">MIDI</a> support for musical instruments.<a href="#cite_note-231">[228]</a></li> <li>Experimental multi-window feature.<a href="#cite_note-232">[229]</a><a href="#cite_note-233">[230]</a></li> <li>Support for actions by third-party apps in the text selection menu.<a href="#cite_note-CWnostalgia-93">[91]</a></li> <li>App permissions now granted individually at run-time, not all-or-nothing at install time. Similar to <a href="/wiki/App_Ops" class="mw-redirect" title="App Ops">App Ops</a>.<a href="#cite_note-234">[231]</a></li> <li>Miracast support dropped.<a href="#cite_note-CWnostalgia-93">[91]</a></li> <li>Many new essential commands supported by Android's <a href="/wiki/Linux_shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Linux shell">Linux shell</a> (/bin/sh).</li> <li>No screen rotation during touch.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6.0.1 </td> <td>December 7, 2015<a href="#cite_note-android-6-0-1-gadgetzarena-235">[232]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unicode_7.0" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicode 7.0">Unicode 7.0</a> & <a href="/wiki/Unicode_8.0" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicode 8.0">8.0</a> <a href="/wiki/Emoji" title="Emoji">emoji</a> support.<a href="#cite_note-emojipedia-601-236">[233]</a></li> <li>Descriptions for USB connection options.</li> <li>Double-press the power button to open the camera.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_7.0_Nougat">Android 7.0 Nougat</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_Nougat" title="Android Nougat">Android Nougat</a></div> Android "Nougat" (codenamed N in-development) is the seventh major release of the Android operating system. It was first released as a developer preview on March 9, 2016, with factory images for supported Nexus devices, as well as with the new "Android Beta Program" which allows supported devices to be upgraded directly to the Android Nougat beta via an over-the-air update. The final release was on August 22, 2016. The final preview build was released on July 18, 2016,<a href="#cite_note-237">[234]</a> with the build number NPD90G. <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 7.0 Nougat (API 24) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>7.0 </td> <td>August 22, 2016<a href="#cite_note-238">[235]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Support for file-based encryption.<a href="#cite_note-239">[236]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicode_9.0" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicode 9.0">Unicode 9.0</a> <a href="/wiki/Emoji" title="Emoji">emoji</a> and skin tone modifier support (and exposes a subset of <a href="/wiki/ICU4J" class="mw-redirect" title="ICU4J">ICU4J</a> APIs).<a href="#cite_note-emojipedia-70-240">[237]</a></li> <li>Ability to display color calibration.</li> <li>Ability to zoom in the screen.</li> <li>Ability to switch to the last opened app by double-tapping the overview button.</li> <li>Added an Emergency information part.</li> <li>Added the "Clear All" button to the Overview screen.</li> <li>Another system partition, which gets updated when not in use, allowing for seamless system updates.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Daydream" title="Google Daydream">Daydream</a> virtual reality platform (VR interface).</li> <li>Improved Doze functionality, which aims to prolong battery life.</li> <li>Improvements to the file browser.</li> <li>Ability to <a href="/wiki/File_operation" class="mw-redirect" title="File operation">move files</a> added to Storage Access Framework<a href="#cite_note-SAF-API24-241">[238]</a></li> <li>More Quick Settings options.</li> <li>Multi-window support, which supports floating apps on a desktop layout.</li> <li>New Data Saver mode, which can force apps to reduce bandwidth usage.</li> <li>New JIT Compiler, making for 75 percent faster app installations and a 50 percent reduction in compiled code size.</li> <li>Just in Time (JIT) compiler with code profiling to ART, which lets it constantly improve the performance of Android apps as they run.<a href="#cite_note-242">[239]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picture-in-picture" title="Picture-in-picture">Picture-in-picture</a> support for <a href="/wiki/Android_TV" title="Android TV">Android TV</a>.</li> <li>Redesigned notification shade, featuring instant access to certain settings.</li> <li>Redesigned Overview screen.</li> <li>Replaced notification cards with notification sheets.</li> <li>Settings app navigation drawer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulkan_(API)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vulkan (API)">Vulkan 3D</a> rendering API.</li> <li>Multiple Device Locales<a href="#cite_note-243">[240]</a></li> <li>Discontinuation of Android Camera V1 API<a href="#cite_note-CameraVersion-244">[241]</a></li> <li>Restricted file system access<a href="#cite_note-245">[242]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Android_7.1_Nougat">Android 7.1 Nougat</h4></div> On October 19, 2016, Google released Android 7.1.1 as a developer preview for the Nexus 5X, Nexus 6P and the Pixel C. A second preview became available on November 22, 2016, before the final version was released to the public on December 5, 2016. <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 7.1 Nougat (API 25) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>7.1 </td> <td>October 4, 2016<a href="#cite_note-246">[243]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Rearranged notification shade.</li> <li>"Restart" option added to power button menu<a href="#cite_note-247">[244]</a></li> <li>Touch/display performance improvements.</li> <li>Moves (Fingerprint swipe down gesture – opt-in).</li> <li>Opt-in with new hardware required: <ul><li>Seamless A/B system updates.</li> <li>Daydream VR mode.</li></ul></li> <li>Developer features: <ul><li>Shortcut manager APIs.</li> <li>Circular app icons support.</li> <li>Keyboard image insertion.</li> <li>Fingerprint sensor gesture to open/close notification shade.</li> <li>Manual storage manager Intent for apps.</li> <li>Improved VR thread scheduling.</li> <li>Enhanced wallpaper metadata.</li> <li>Multi-endpoint call support.</li> <li>Support for various MNO requirements. <ul><li>PCDMA voice privacy property.</li> <li>Source type support for Visual Voicemail.</li> <li>Carrier config options for managing telephone videos.</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Manual storage manager – identifies files and apps using storage.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7.1.1<a href="#cite_note-248">[245]</a> </td> <td>December 1, 2016<a href="#cite_note-249">[246]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>New set of <a href="/wiki/Emoji" title="Emoji">emojis</a> adding different skin tones and haircuts to existing ones.</li> <li>Send GIFs directly from the default keyboard.</li> <li>App shortcuts: Launch actions on apps by long-pressing the app icon.</li> <li>Developer Options: Show CPU Usage feature removed.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7.1.2<a href="#cite_note-250">[247]</a><a href="#cite_note-251">[248]</a> </td> <td>April 2, 2017<a href="#cite_note-252">[249]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Battery usage alerts.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_8.0_Oreo">Android 8.0 Oreo</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_Oreo" title="Android Oreo">Android Oreo</a></div> Android Oreo is the eighth major release of the Android operating system. It was first released as a developer preview, codenamed Android O, on March 21, 2017, with factory images for supported Nexus and Pixel devices. The final developer preview was released on July 24, 2017, with the stable version released in August 2017. <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 8.0 Oreo (API 26) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>8.0<a href="#cite_note-guardian8-253">[250]</a> </td> <td>August 21, 2017 </td> <td> <ul><li>Project Treble, the biggest change to the foundations of Android to date: a modular architecture that makes it easier and faster for hardware makers to deliver Android updates.</li> <li>Picture-in-picture support.</li> <li>Support for Unicode 10.0 emoji (5.0) and replacement of all blob-shaped emojis by round ones with gradients and outlines.</li> <li>Redesigned Quick Settings and Settings with a white background and respectively black and Accent font colors.</li> <li>Restructured Settings by regrouping sections into similar entries.</li> <li>Adaptive icons</li> <li>Notification improvements. <ul><li>Notification channels.</li> <li>Notification dots (badges).</li> <li>Notification snoozing.</li> <li>Notification shade multi-colors (for music album art, messengers, etc.).</li></ul></li> <li>System-wide Autofill framework.</li> <li>Support for <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="Advanced Audio Coding">AAC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a>'s <a href="/wiki/LDAC_(codec)" title="LDAC (codec)">LDAC</a> and <a href="/wiki/Qualcomm" title="Qualcomm">Qualcomm</a>'s <a href="/wiki/AptX" title="AptX">aptX</a> and <a href="/wiki/AptX#aptX_HD" title="AptX">aptX HD</a> codecs.<a href="#cite_note-254">[251]</a></li> <li>App-specific unknown sources.</li> <li>Multi-display support.</li> <li>2 times faster boot time compared to Nougat according to Google, testing on their Pixel devices.<a href="#cite_note-guardian8-253">[250]</a></li> <li>Apps background execution and location limits.</li> <li>Google Play Protect.</li> <li>Downloadable fonts.</li> <li>Integrated printing support.</li> <li>Color management (deep color and wide color gamut).</li> <li>Wi-Fi Assistant.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Android_8.1_Oreo">Android 8.1 Oreo</h4></div> Android 8.1 Oreo is the sixteenth minor release of the Android operating system. It was first released as a developer preview on October 25, 2017, with factory images for current Nexus and Pixel devices. A second developer preview was made available on November 27, 2017, for Nexus and Pixel devices, before the stable version was released on December 5, 2017. <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 8.1 Oreo (API 27) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>8.1<a href="#cite_note-255">[252]</a><a href="#cite_note-256">[253]</a> </td> <td>December 5, 2017<a href="#cite_note-257">[254]</a><a href="#cite_note-258">[255]</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Neural networks API.</li> <li>Shared memory API.</li> <li>WallpaperColors API.</li> <li>Bluetooth battery level for connected devices, accessible in Quick Settings.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Go" title="Android Go">Android Oreo (Go edition)</a>, a lightweight distribution of Android that runs better than normal Android on devices with less than 1 GB of RAM.<a href="#cite_note-Android_Go-259">[256]</a></li> <li>Autofill framework updates.</li> <li>Programmatic Safe Browsing actions.</li> <li>Navigation buttons dim when not in use.</li> <li>Visual changes to 'Power Off' and 'Restart', including a new screen and floating toolbar.</li> <li>Toast messages are now white with the same existing transparency.</li> <li>Automatic light and dark themes.</li> <li>New Easter egg in the form of an official <a href="/wiki/Oreo" title="Oreo">Oreo cookie</a> picture.<a href="#cite_note-Android_police_oreo_cookie-260">[257]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_9_Pie">Android 9 Pie</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_Pie" title="Android Pie">Android Pie</a></div> Android Pie is the ninth major version of the Android operating system. It was first announced by Google on March 7, 2018, and the first developer preview was released on the same day. The second preview, considered beta quality, was released on May 8, 2018. The final beta of Android Pie (fifth preview, also considered as a "Release Candidate") was released on July 25, 2018. The first official release was released on August 6, 2018. <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 9 Pie (API 28) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td>August 6, 2018 </td> <td> <ul><li>New user interface for the quick settings menu.<a href="#cite_note-xda-261">[258]</a></li> <li>The clock has moved to the left of the notification bar.<a href="#cite_note-Verge-262">[259]</a></li> <li>The "dock" now has a semi-transparent background.<a href="#cite_note-Verge-262">[259]</a></li> <li>Battery Saver no longer shows an orange overlay on the notification and status bars.<a href="#cite_note-xda-261">[258]</a></li> <li>A "screenshot" button has been added to the power options.<a href="#cite_note-Verge-262">[259]</a></li> <li>A new "Lockdown" mode which disables biometric authentication once activated.</li> <li>Rounded corners across the UI.</li> <li>New transitions for switching between apps, or activities within apps.</li> <li>Richer messaging notifications, where a full conversation can be seen within a notification, full-scale images, and smart replies akin to Google's new app, Reply.</li> <li>Support for display cutouts.</li> <li>Redesigned volume slider.</li> <li>Battery percentage now shown in Always-On Display.</li> <li>Lock screen security changes include the possible return of an improved NFC Unlock.</li> <li>Experimental features (which are currently hidden within a menu called Feature Flags) such as a redesigned About Phone page in settings, and automatic Bluetooth enabling while driving.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DNS_over_TLS" title="DNS over TLS">DNS over TLS</a>.<a href="#cite_note-263">[260]</a></li> <li>A new optional gesture-based system interface, allowing users to navigate the OS using swipes more often than the traditional UI.</li> <li>Redesigned multitask app switcher with the Google search bar and app drawer built-in.</li> <li>Android Dashboard, which tells the user how much time they are spending on their device and in apps, and allows the user to set time limits on apps.</li> <li>"Shush", an enhanced version of Do Not Disturb mode activated by placing the phone face down, which mutes standard notifications.</li> <li>"Adaptive Battery" prediction, which makes use of Doze to hibernate user apps the OS determines the user will not use.</li> <li>Auto-Brightness feature modifies screen brightness based on user habits.</li> <li>Wind Down option lets Android users set a specific bedtime that enables Do Not Disturb and turns the entire phone's interface gray to discourage further use at night.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulkan#Vulkan_1.1" title="Vulkan">Vulkan 1.1</a> support.</li> <li>Call recording options fully disabled<a href="#cite_note-ACR-264">[261]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_10">Android 10</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_10" title="Android 10">Android 10</a></div> Android 10 is the tenth major version of the Android operating system. The stable version of Android 10 was released on September 3, 2019. <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 10 (API 29) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td>September 3, 2019 </td> <td> <ul><li>Revamped full-screen gesture navigation with new app open/close animations.<a href="#cite_note-265">[262]</a><a href="#cite_note-266">[263]</a><a href="#cite_note-267">[264]</a></li> <li>Scoped storage restrictions<a href="#cite_note-268">[265]</a></li> <li>New permissions required to access location in background and to access photo, video and audio files.<a href="#cite_note-introducingqbeta-269">[266]</a></li> <li>Background apps can no longer jump into the foreground.<a href="#cite_note-introducingqbeta-269">[266]</a></li> <li>Limited access to non-resettable device identifiers.<a href="#cite_note-introducingqbeta-269">[266]</a></li> <li>Background (idle) access to camera, microphone and sensors disabled for more privacy protection with the side effect of disabling <a href="/wiki/Antitheft" class="mw-redirect" title="Antitheft">antitheft</a> software.<a href="#cite_note-Verge-Background-270">[267]</a><a href="#cite_note-AndroidAuth-Background-271">[268]</a><a href="#cite_note-PhoneArena-background-272">[269]</a></li> <li>Sharing shortcuts, which allow sharing content with a contact directly.<a href="#cite_note-introducingqbeta-269">[266]</a></li> <li>Floating settings panel, that allows changing system settings directly from apps.<a href="#cite_note-introducingqbeta-269">[266]</a></li> <li>Dynamic depth format for photos, which allow changing background blur after taking a photo.<a href="#cite_note-introducingqbeta-269">[266]</a></li> <li>Support for the <a href="/wiki/AV1" title="AV1">AV1</a> video codec, the <a href="/wiki/HDR10%2B" title="HDR10+">HDR10+</a> video format and the <a href="/wiki/Opus_(audio_format)" title="Opus (audio format)">Opus</a> audio codec.<a href="#cite_note-introducingqbeta-269">[266]</a></li> <li>Support for <a href="/wiki/AptX#aptX_Adaptive" title="AptX">aptX Adaptive</a>, <a href="/wiki/LHDC_(codec)#LHDC" title="LHDC (codec)">LHDC</a>, <a href="/wiki/LHDC_(codec)#LLAC" title="LHDC (codec)">LLAC</a>, <a href="/wiki/CELT" title="CELT">CELT</a> and AAC LATM codecs<a href="#cite_note-273">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-274">[271]</a></li> <li>A native <a href="/wiki/MIDI" title="MIDI">MIDI</a> API, allowing interaction with music controllers.<a href="#cite_note-introducingqbeta-269">[266]</a></li> <li>Better support for <a href="/wiki/Biometric_authentication" class="mw-redirect" title="Biometric authentication">biometric authentication</a> in apps.<a href="#cite_note-introducingqbeta-269">[266]</a></li> <li>Support for the <a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi_Protected_Access#WPA3" title="Wi-Fi Protected Access">WPA3</a> Wi-Fi security protocol.<a href="#cite_note-introducingqbeta-269">[266]</a></li> <li>Support for <a href="/wiki/Foldable_phone" class="mw-redirect" title="Foldable phone">foldable phones</a>.<a href="#cite_note-introducingqbeta-269">[266]</a></li> <li>Support for Notification Bubbles.<a href="#cite_note-qbeta2-275">[272]</a><a href="#cite_note-notificationbubbles-276">[273]</a></li> <li>New system-wide dark theme/mode<a href="#cite_note-277">[274]</a><a href="#cite_note-278">[275]</a></li> <li>TLS v1.3 support added.</li> <li>Project Mainline, allows core OS components to be updated via the <a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Store" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Play Store">Google Play Store</a>, without requiring a complete system update<a href="#cite_note-279">[276]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_11">Android 11</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_11" title="Android 11">Android 11</a></div> Android 11 is the eleventh major version of the Android operating system. It was first announced by Google on February 19, 2020, and the first developer preview released on the same day.<a href="#cite_note-280">[277]</a><a href="#cite_note-281">[278]</a> The launch of Android 11 Beta was postponed from June 3, 2020, to June 10, 2020.<a href="#cite_note-eleven-beta-282">[279]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 11 (API 30) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>11 </td> <td>September 8, 2020 </td> <td> <ul><li>Chat bubbles.</li> <li>Screen recorder.</li> <li>Notification history.</li> <li>New permissions controls.</li> <li>API distinction between standalone 5G NR and non-standalone 5G.</li> <li>One-time permissions.<a href="#cite_note-unwrappingandroid11-283">[280]</a></li> <li>Permissions auto-reset.<a href="#cite_note-unwrappingandroid11-283">[280]</a></li> <li>Wireless <a href="/wiki/Android_Auto" title="Android Auto">Android Auto</a> on devices with 5GHz Wi-Fi.<a href="#cite_note-Android_11_Product_Page-284">[281]</a></li> <li>Increased number of updatable core OS components in Google Play from 12 to 21.<a href="#cite_note-unwrappingandroid11-283">[280]</a><a href="#cite_note-mainline-285">[282]</a></li> <li>Enterprise work profile privacy protections now apply on company-owned devices.<a href="#cite_note-Android_11_Enterprise_Blog-286">[283]</a></li> <li>Independent left and right edge sensitivity for gesture navigation.<a href="#cite_note-287">[284]</a></li> <li>Since this version, apps no longer have access to other app's directories (including "Android/Data").<a href="#cite_note-288">[285]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_12">Android 12</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_12" title="Android 12">Android 12</a></div> Android 12 is the twelfth major version of the Android operating system. It was first announced by Google on February 18, 2021, and the first developer preview was released on the same day.<a href="#cite_note-289">[286]</a><a href="#cite_note-290">[287]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 12 (API 31) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>12 </td> <td>October 4, 2021 </td> <td> <ul><li>Easier Wi-Fi sharing.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVIF" title="AVIF">AVIF</a> image support.</li> <li>Material You, an updated design language based on <a href="/wiki/Material_Design" title="Material Design">Material Design</a>.</li> <li>Scrolling Screenshot.<a href="#cite_note-291">[288]</a></li> <li>One Handed Mode.<a href="#cite_note-292">[289]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Runtime" title="Android Runtime">Android Runtime</a> (ART) module added to the updatable core OS components via Google Play, added functionality to existing modules.<a href="#cite_note-Features-293">[290]</a><a href="#cite_note-12preview-294">[291]</a></li> <li>Area Magnification can zoom in any content on device.<a href="#cite_note-295">[292]</a></li> <li>"Extra Dim" is a faint level of brightness not accessible by the brightness scale.<a href="#cite_note-296">[293]</a></li> <li>Bold Text.</li> <li>Greyscale.</li> <li>A green dot at the top right of the screen shows when the camera or microphone is in use.<a href="#cite_note-297">[294]</a></li> <li>Option to choose precise or approximate location.<a href="#cite_note-298">[295]</a></li> <li>Privacy Dashboard.<a href="#cite_note-299">[296]</a></li> <li>Gestures can work in immersive mode.<a href="#cite_note-300">[297]</a></li> <li>Performance improvements to system services to improve transitions, power efficiency, and reduce app startup times.<a href="#cite_note-301">[298]</a></li> <li>Third party app stores now have the ability to update apps without constantly asking the user for permission.<a href="#cite_note-302">[299]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Android_12L">Android 12L</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_12L" class="mw-redirect" title="Android 12L">Android 12L</a></div> Android 12L<a href="#cite_note-303">[c]</a> is an interim release for Android 12 that includes design tweaks for larger displays and minor stability changes to the operating system. It was announced in October 2021 alongside Beta releases with a stable version launching on March 7, 2022. <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 12L (API 32) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>12L </td> <td>March 7, 2022 </td> <td> <ul><li>Improvements specific for foldable phones, tablets, desktop-sized screens and Chromebooks, and modifications to the user interface to tailor it to larger screens.<a href="#cite_note-304">[300]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_13">Android 13</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_13" title="Android 13">Android 13</a></div> Android 13 is the thirteenth major version of the Android operating system. <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 13 (API 33) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>13 </td> <td>August 15, 2022 </td> <td> <ul><li>Apps are now required to request permission from the user before they are able to send notifications.<a href="#cite_note-305">[301]</a></li> <li>The number of active apps is now shown at the bottom of the notifications panel, a tap on it opens a detailed panel which lets the user stop each of them.<a href="#cite_note-306">[302]</a></li> <li>Support for <a href="/wiki/Bluetooth_Low_Energy" title="Bluetooth Low Energy">Bluetooth LE</a> Audio and the <a href="/wiki/LC3_(codec)" title="LC3 (codec)">LC3 audio codec</a>.<a href="#cite_note-307">[303]</a><a href="#cite_note-308">[304]</a><a href="#cite_note-309">[305]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Runtime" title="Android Runtime">ART</a> update with a new <a href="/wiki/Garbage_collection_(computer_science)" title="Garbage collection (computer science)">garbage collector</a> utilizing the <a href="/wiki/Linux_kernel" title="Linux kernel">Linux</a> userfaultfd <a href="/wiki/System_call" title="System call">system call</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Gidra-310">[306]</a><a href="#cite_note-311">[307]</a><a href="#cite_note-Android_13_is_in_AOSP-312">[308]</a> It reduces memory pressure, compiled code size and <a href="/wiki/Jank_(web)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jank (web)">jank</a>, and prevents the risk of killing apps because of low memory during garbage collection.<a href="#cite_note-Android_13_is_in_AOSP-312">[308]</a> Other changes also improve app startup, reduce jank and improve performance.<a href="#cite_note-Android_13_is_in_AOSP-312">[308]</a> Because of the Mainline project, Android 12 ART will also be updated.<a href="#cite_note-Gidra-310">[306]</a></li> <li>Support of Themed icons by third-party apps and manufacturers.<a href="#cite_note-313">[309]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_14">Android 14</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_14" title="Android 14">Android 14</a></div> Android 14 is the fourteenth major version of the Android operating system. Google announced Android 14 on February 8, 2023, with the first Developer Preview releasing on the same day. <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 14 (API 34) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>14 </td> <td>October 4, 2023 </td> <td> <ul><li>Installation of apps designed to target Android versions and SDKs older than <a href="/wiki/Android_Marshmallow" title="Android Marshmallow">Marshmallow (6.0)</a> is blocked to prevent malware.<a href="#cite_note-314">[310]</a><a href="#cite_note-315">[311]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_15">Android 15</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_15" title="Android 15">Android 15</a></div> Android 15 is the fifteenth major version of the Android operating system. It was released on September 3, 2024 as part of the Android Open Source Project,<a href="#cite_note-316">[312]</a> and was first released to a device on September 30, 2024 by <a href="/wiki/Vivo_(technology_company)" title="Vivo (technology company)">Vivo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-317">[313]</a> Unlike previous versions of Android, the new update wasn't made available upon its release to Google's own Pixel line, instead being released on October 15, 2024.<a href="#cite_note-318">[314]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 15 (API 35) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>15.0 </td> <td>September 3, 2024 </td> <td> <ul><li>Reintroduction of lock screen widgets on tablets, which were introduced in Android 4.2 and removed in Android 5.0.<a href="#cite_note-319">[315]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Android_16">Android 16</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Android_16" title="Android 16">Android 16</a></div> Android 16 is the upcoming major release of <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a>. The first Developer Preview of Android 16 was released on 19 November 2024,<a href="#cite_note-320">[316]</a> <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> expects the platform to reach beta stage in January 2025 with a final release expected in Q2 2025.<a href="#cite_note-321">[317]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <caption>Android 16 (API 36) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:2%;">Version </th> <th style="width:11%;">Release date </th> <th style="width:87%;">Features </th></tr> <tr> <td>16 DP1 </td> <td>November 19, 2024 </td> <td> <ul><li>Embedded photo picker</li> <li>Health records</li> <li>privacy sandbox on android.<a href="#cite_note-322">[318]</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hardware_requirements">Hardware requirements</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)#Hardware" title="Android (operating system)">Android (operating system) § Hardware</a></div> The main hardware platform for Android is the <a href="/wiki/64-bit_computing" title="64-bit computing">64-bit</a> <a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture_family" title="ARM architecture family">ARM architecture</a> (i.e. <a href="/wiki/ARMv8-A" class="mw-redirect" title="ARMv8-A">ARMv8-A</a>; previously the <a href="/wiki/32-bit_computing" title="32-bit computing">32-bit</a> <a href="/wiki/ARMv7" class="mw-redirect" title="ARMv7">ARMv7</a> architecture was supported and first ARMv5), with <a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a><a href="#cite_note-324">[d]</a> and <a href="/wiki/MIPS_architecture" title="MIPS architecture">MIPS</a><a href="#cite_note-326">[e]</a> architectures also officially supported in later versions of Android. MIPS support has since been deprecated and support was removed in NDK r17.<a href="#cite_note-327">[321]</a> Android 1.0 through 1.5 required a 2 megapixel camera with <a href="/wiki/Autofocus" title="Autofocus">autofocus</a> camera. This was relaxed to a <a href="/wiki/Fixed-focus_lens" title="Fixed-focus lens">fixed-focus</a> camera with Android 1.6.<a href="#cite_note-android-compatibility-328">[322]</a> In 2012, Android devices with <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> processors began to appear, including phones<a href="#cite_note-329">[323]</a> and tablets. While gaining support for 64-bit platforms, Android was first made to run on 64-bit x86 and then on <a href="/wiki/ARM64" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM64">ARM64</a>.<a href="#cite_note-330">[324]</a><a href="#cite_note-331">[325]</a> Since Android 5.0 Lollipop, 64-bit variants of all platforms are supported in addition to the 32-bit variants. Requirements for the minimum amount of <a href="/wiki/Random-access_memory" title="Random-access memory">RAM</a> for devices running Android 7.1 depend on screen size and density and type of CPU, ranging from 816 MB–1.8 GB for 64-bit and 512 MB–1.3 GB for 32-bit meaning in practice 1 GB for the most common type of display (while minimum for Android watch is 416 MB).<a href="#cite_note-332">[326]</a><a href="#cite_note-333">[f]</a> The recommendation for Android 4.4 is to have at least 512 MB of RAM,<a href="#cite_note-334">[327]</a> while for "low RAM" devices 340 MB is the required minimum amount that does not include memory dedicated to various hardware components such as the <a href="/wiki/Baseband_processor" title="Baseband processor">baseband processor</a>.<a href="#cite_note-cdd-4.4-156">[153]</a> Android 4.4 requires a <a href="/wiki/32-bit_computing" title="32-bit computing">32-bit</a> <a href="/wiki/ARMv7" class="mw-redirect" title="ARMv7">ARMv7</a>, <a href="/wiki/MIPS_architecture" title="MIPS architecture">MIPS</a> or <a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a> architecture processor,<a href="#cite_note-ARMAN-4.0-on-x86-335">[328]</a> together with an <a href="/wiki/OpenGL_ES" title="OpenGL ES">OpenGL ES</a> 2.0 compatible <a href="/wiki/Graphics_processing_unit" title="Graphics processing unit">graphics processing unit</a> (GPU).<a href="#cite_note-android-opengl-2.0-336">[329]</a> Android supports OpenGL ES 1.1, 2.0, 3.0, 3.2 and since Android 7.0 <a href="/wiki/Vulkan" title="Vulkan">Vulkan</a> (and version 1.1 available for some devices<a href="#cite_note-337">[330]</a>). Some applications may explicitly require a certain version of the OpenGL ES, and suitable GPU hardware is required to run such applications.<a href="#cite_note-android-opengl-2.0-336">[329]</a> In 2021, Android was ported to <a href="/wiki/RISC-V" title="RISC-V">RISC-V</a>.<a href="#cite_note-338">[331]</a> In 2021, Qualcomm said it will provide a longer support period for its <a href="/wiki/Chipset" title="Chipset">chipsets</a>, starting with the <a href="/wiki/Snapdragon_888" class="mw-redirect" title="Snapdragon 888">Snapdragon 888</a>, which will help extend Android update support for these devices. With this promise, devices using Qualcomm chipsets will have a total of three Android version upgrades and of four years of security updates.<a href="#cite_note-339">[332]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Octicons-terminal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Octicons-terminal.svg/24px-Octicons-terminal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Octicons-terminal.svg/37px-Octicons-terminal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Octicons-terminal.svg/49px-Octicons-terminal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="896" data-file-height="1024" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Computer_programming" title="Portal:Computer programming">Computer programming portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IOS_version_history" title="IOS version history">iOS version history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wear_OS#Version_history" title="Wear OS">Wear OS § Version history</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> The 2.3.6 update had the side-effect of impairing the Wi-Fi hotspot functionality of many Canadian Nexus S phones. Google acknowledged this problem and fixed it in late September.<a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> For Canadian consumers, 4.0.2 reportedly created a bug on the Galaxy Nexus that crashed the application market when users attempted to view details of any Android application. It also inadvertently reduced the <a href="/wiki/Near-field_communication" title="Near-field communication">NFC</a> capabilities of the Nexus phone.<a href="#cite_note-112">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[111]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-303"><a href="#cite_ref-303">^</a> Released as "Android 12.1" for smartphones </li> <li id="cite_note-324"><a href="#cite_ref-324">^</a> Lowest supported x86 generation is the <a href="/wiki/P6_(microarchitecture)" title="P6 (microarchitecture)">P6 microarchitecture</a>, also called i686.<a href="#cite_note-arch-323">[319]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-326"><a href="#cite_ref-326">^</a> Supported is revision 1 of MIPS32<a href="#cite_note-325">[320]</a> and revision 6 for 64-bit MIPS64<a href="#cite_note-arch-323">[319]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-333"><a href="#cite_ref-333">^</a> Disk-based memory (hard drives), solid state disk devices such as USB drives, DVD-based storage, bit rates, bus speeds, and network speeds, are specified using <a href="/wiki/Metric_prefix" title="Metric prefix">decimal meanings</a> for k (10001), M (10002), G (10003), etc. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFedewa2023" class="citation web cs1">Fedewa, Joe (January 12, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.howtogeek.com/345250/whats-the-latest-version-of-android/">"What's the Latest Version of Android?"</a>. 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Retrieved May 19, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=android.googlesource.com&rft.atitle=refs%2Ftags%2Fandroid-2.2.1_r1+%E2%80%93+platform%2Fsystem%2Fcore+%E2%80%93+Git+at+Google&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fandroid.googlesource.com%2Fplatform%2Fsystem%2Fcore%2F%2B%2Frefs%2Ftags%2Fandroid-2.2.1_r1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-2.2.2_r1">"refs/tags/android-2.2.2_r1 – platform/system/core – Git at Google"</a>. android.googlesource.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114135743/https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-2.2.2_r1">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. 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Retrieved November 17, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Nexus+One+gets+tiny+update+to+Android+2.2.2%2C+fixes+SMS+routing+issues&rft.date=2011-01-22&rft.aulast=Hollister&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2F2011%2F01%2F22%2Fnexus-one-gets-tiny-update-to-android-2-2-2-probably-fixes-sms%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://android.googlesource.com/platform/build/+/refs/tags/android-2.2.3_r1">"Android 2.2.3 source tag"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230929173218/https://android.googlesource.com/platform/build/+/refs/tags/android-2.2.3_r1">Archived</a> from the original on September 29, 2023. Retrieved September 2, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Android+2.2.3+source+tag&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fandroid.googlesource.com%2Fplatform%2Fbuild%2F%2B%2Frefs%2Ftags%2Fandroid-2.2.3_r1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-gingerbread-highlights-69">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gingerbread-highlights_69-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-gingerbread-highlights_69-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.android.com/sdk/android-2.3-highlights.html">"Android 2.3 Platform Highlights"</a>. Android Developers Blog. December 6, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101210235053/http://developer.android.com/sdk/android-2.3-highlights.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 10, 2010. Retrieved December 7, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Android+2.3+Platform+Highlights&rft.pub=Android+Developers+Blog&rft.date=2010-12-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.android.com%2Fsdk%2Fandroid-2.3-highlights.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-gingerbread-dev-blog-70">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gingerbread-dev-blog_70-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-gingerbread-dev-blog_70-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDucrohet2010" class="citation web cs1">Ducrohet, Xavier (December 6, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://android-developers.blogspot.com/2010/12/android-23-platform-and-updated-sdk.html">"Android 2.3 Platform and Updated SDK Tools"</a>. 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Android Developers Blog. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727234704/http://android-developers.blogspot.com/2010/12/saving-data-safely.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2011. 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Retrieved May 19, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=android.googlesource.com&rft.atitle=refs%2Ftags%2Fandroid-2.3.1_r1+%E2%80%93+platform%2Fsystem%2Fcore+%E2%80%93+Git+at+Google&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fandroid.googlesource.com%2Fplatform%2Fsystem%2Fcore%2F%2B%2Frefs%2Ftags%2Fandroid-2.3.1_r1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-2.3.2_r1">"refs/tags/android-2.3.2_r1 – platform/system/core – Git at Google"</a>. android.googlesource.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114135758/https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-2.3.2_r1">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. Retrieved May 19, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=android.googlesource.com&rft.atitle=refs%2Ftags%2Fandroid-2.3.2_r1+%E2%80%93+platform%2Fsystem%2Fcore+%E2%80%93+Git+at+Google&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fandroid.googlesource.com%2Fplatform%2Fsystem%2Fcore%2F%2B%2Frefs%2Ftags%2Fandroid-2.3.2_r1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2011/02/android-233-platform-new-nfc.html">"Android 2.3.3 Platform, New NFC Capabilities"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114135849/https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2011/02/android-233-platform-new-nfc.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. 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Retrieved September 2, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Android+2.3.4+source+tag&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fandroid.googlesource.com%2Fplatform%2Fsystem%2Fcore%2F%2B%2Fandroid-2.3.4_r1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://googlemobile.blogspot.com/2011/04/video-chat-on-your-android-phone.html">"Video Chat on Your Android Phone"</a>. Google Mobile Blog. April 28, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201128144225/http://googlemobile.blogspot.com/2011/04/video-chat-on-your-android-phone.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 28, 2020. 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Retrieved November 2, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Is+it+Java+that+weakened+Android%27s+SSL+security%3F&rft.pub=Muktware&rft.date=2013-10-14&rft.aulast=Sarkar&rft.aufirst=Abhijoy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.muktware.com%2F2013%2F10%2Fjava-weakened-androids-ssl-security-nsa-may-picture%2F15033&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://op-co.de/blog/posts/android_ssl_downgrade/">"Why Android SSL was downgraded from AES256-SHA to RC4-MD5 in late 2010"</a>. op-co.de. 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Retrieved February 5, 2011. <q>I confirmed this with Google; Honeycomb, at least in the current form, will not be coming to non-tablet devices.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Google%27s+Android+Event+Analysis&rft.pub=AnandTech&rft.date=2011-02-02&rft.au=Mithun+Chandrasekhar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anandtech.com%2Fshow%2F4150%2Fgoogles-android-event-analysis%2F2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNilay_Patel2011" class="citation web cs1">Nilay Patel (January 26, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2011/01/26/motorola-atrix-4g-and-xoom-tablet-launching-at-the-end-of-februa/">"Motorola Atrix 4G and Xoom tablet launching at the end of February, Droid Bionic and LTE Xoom in Q2"</a>. 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Retrieved July 24, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fine+Oils&rft.atitle=Ice+Cream+Sandwich+Runs+on+Linux+Kernel+3.0.1&rft.date=2011-10-19&rft.au=Maroger&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffineoils.blogspot.com%2F2011%2F10%2Fice-cream-sandwich-runs-on-linux-kernel.html%23%21%2F2011%2F10%2Fice-cream-sandwich-runs-on-linux-kernel.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRey2011" class="citation web cs1">Rey, Francis (October 19, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://socialbarrel.com/android-4-0-ice-cream-sandwich-sdk-now-available/24093/">"Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich SDK Now Available"</a>. 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Phandroid. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111021022202/http://phandroid.com/2011/10/19/android-4-0-ice-cream-sandwich-has-hardware-acceleration/">Archived</a> from the original on October 21, 2011. 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Android Developers. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130817042707/http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/wifip2p.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 17, 2013. Retrieved July 27, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wi-Fi+Direct&rft.pub=Android+Developers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.android.com%2Fguide%2Ftopics%2Fconnectivity%2Fwifip2p.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.droid-life.com/2011/11/28/verizons-4g-lte-galaxy-nexus-still-in-testing-receives-android-4-0-2-update/">"Verizon's 4G LTE Galaxy Nexus Gets Pictured, Receives Android 4.0.2 Update"</a>. 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Retrieved November 12, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Issue+3461%3A+Implement+Gapless+Playback+of+consecutive+audio+files&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcode.google.com%2Fp%2Fandroid%2Fissues%2Fdetail%3Fid%3D3461&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pocketables.com/2012/06/android-4-1-finally-adds-gapless-music-playback-to-stock-music-apps.html">"Android 4.1 finally adds gapless music playback to stock music apps"</a>. Pocketables.com. 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Retrieved June 30, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Android+4.1+finally+adds+gapless+music+playback+to+stock+music+apps&rft.pub=Pocketables.com&rft.date=2012-06-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pocketables.com%2F2012%2F06%2Fandroid-4-1-finally-adds-gapless-music-playback-to-stock-music-apps.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-4.1.1_r1">"refs/tags/android-4.1.1_r1 – platform/system/core – Git at Google"</a>. android.googlesource.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114141825/https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-4.1.1_r1">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. Retrieved May 19, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=android.googlesource.com&rft.atitle=refs%2Ftags%2Fandroid-4.1.1_r1+%E2%80%93+platform%2Fsystem%2Fcore+%E2%80%93+Git+at+Google&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fandroid.googlesource.com%2Fplatform%2Fsystem%2Fcore%2F%2B%2Frefs%2Ftags%2Fandroid-4.1.1_r1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jelly_Bean_4.1.2-124"><a href="#cite_ref-Jelly_Bean_4.1.2_124-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2012/10/9/3479662/android-4-1-2-coming-to-nexus-7">"Android 4.1.2 rolling out for Nexus 7"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130521093052/http://www.theverge.com/2012/10/9/3479662/android-4-1-2-coming-to-nexus-7">Archived</a> May 21, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Verge_(website)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Verge (website)">The Verge</a>. 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October 9, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121011072628/http://www.androidpolice.com/2012/10/09/new-in-android-4-1-2-expandingcollapsing-notifications-with-one-finger-video/">Archived</a> from the original on October 11, 2012. Retrieved October 9, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Feature+In+Android+4.1.2%3A+Expanding%2FCollapsing+Notifications+With+One+Finger+%28Video%29&rft.pub=Android+Police&rft.date=2012-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.androidpolice.com%2F2012%2F10%2F09%2Fnew-in-android-4-1-2-expandingcollapsing-notifications-with-one-finger-video%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.androidcentral.com/monday-s-google-event-nyc-cancelled-due-hurricane-sandy">"Monday's Google event in NYC canceled due to Hurricane Sandy"</a>. Android Central. October 27, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130926100214/http://www.androidcentral.com/monday-s-google-event-nyc-cancelled-due-hurricane-sandy">Archived</a> from the original on September 26, 2013. Retrieved February 19, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monday%27s+Google+event+in+NYC+canceled+due+to+Hurricane+Sandy&rft.pub=Android+Central&rft.date=2012-10-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.androidcentral.com%2Fmonday-s-google-event-nyc-cancelled-due-hurricane-sandy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-New4.2And-128"><a href="#cite_ref-New4.2And_128-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121117002507/http://www.knowyourmobile.com/blog/1678521/android_42_jelly_bean_lands_on_nexus_7.html">"Android 4.2 Jelly Bean lands on Nexus 7"</a>. Know Your Mobile. November 14, 2012. 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November 13, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114141827/https://www.ign.com/articles/2012/11/14/google-releases-nexus-4-nexus-10-and-android-42">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. Retrieved November 16, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Google+Releases+Nexus+4%2C+Nexus+10+and+Android+4.2&rft.date=2012-11-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuk.ign.com%2Farticles%2F2012%2F11%2F14%2Fgoogle-releases-nexus-4-nexus-10-and-android-42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jelly_Bean_4.2-130"><a href="#cite_ref-Jelly_Bean_4.2_130-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2012/10/29/3569244/android-4-2-new-features-miracast-gesture-keyboard-multiple-users-photo-sphere">"Android 4.2 adds gestue typing, wireless TV display, multiple user support on tablets, and more"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114141804/https://www.theverge.com/2012/10/29/3569244/android-4-2-new-features-miracast-gesture-keyboard-multiple-users-photo-sphere">Archived</a> January 14, 2024, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Verge_(website)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Verge (website)">The Verge</a>. 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Retrieved November 12, 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-anand1-132">^ <a href="#cite_ref-anand1_132-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-anand1_132-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlug2013" class="citation web cs1">Klug, Brian (May 19, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anandtech.com/show/6965/the-next-version-of-android-some-of-whats-coming">"The Next Version of Android – Some of What's Coming"</a>. anandtech.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006122815/http://www.anandtech.com/show/6965/the-next-version-of-android-some-of-whats-coming">Archived</a> from the original on October 6, 2014. 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Android developer portal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128204124/http://developer.android.com/about/versions/jelly-bean.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 28, 2013. Retrieved July 2, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Android+developer+portal&rft.atitle=Jelly+Bean&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.android.com%2Fabout%2Fversions%2Fjelly-bean.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Android_Police_4.2_Alpha_Teardown-134"><a href="#cite_ref-Android_Police_4.2_Alpha_Teardown_134-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.androidpolice.com/2012/10/17/exclusive-android-4-2-alpha-teardown-part-2-selinux-vpn-lockdown-and-premium-sms-confirmation/">"Exclusive Android 4.2 Alpha Teardown, Part 2: SELinux, VPN Lockdown, And Premium SMS Confirmation"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121021032403/http://www.androidpolice.com/2012/10/17/exclusive-android-4-2-alpha-teardown-part-2-selinux-vpn-lockdown-and-premium-sms-confirmation/">Archived</a> October 21, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Android Police. October 17, 2012. Retrieved November 12, 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-4.2.1_r1">"refs/tags/android-4.2.1_r1 – platform/system/core – Git at Google"</a>. android.googlesource.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114141830/https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-4.2.1_r1">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. 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Android Police. November 27, 2012. Retrieved November 27, 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-December_bug-137"><a href="#cite_ref-December_bug_137-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.androidpolice.com/2012/11/17/sorry-santa-google-cancels-december-in-android-4-2/">"Sorry, Santa – Google Cancels December In Android 4.2"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121121185515/http://www.androidpolice.com/2012/11/17/sorry-santa-google-cancels-december-in-android-4-2/">Archived</a> November 21, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Android Police. November 17, 2012. Retrieved November 27, 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-Jelly_Bean_4.2.2-138"><a href="#cite_ref-Jelly_Bean_4.2.2_138-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/02/11/breaking-android-4-2-2-build-jdq39-update-rolling-out-to-gsm-galaxy-nexus-nexus-7-nexus-10/">"Breaking: Android 4.2.2 (Build JDQ39) Update Rolling Out To GSM Galaxy Nexus, Nexus 7, Nexus 10"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130215033526/http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/02/11/breaking-android-4-2-2-build-jdq39-update-rolling-out-to-gsm-galaxy-nexus-nexus-7-nexus-10/">Archived</a> February 15, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Android Police. February 11, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2013/02/android-4-2-2-brings-bluetooth-audio-fixes-to-nexus-phones-and-tablets/">"Android 4.2.2 brings Bluetooth audio fixes to Nexus phones and tablets"</a>. Ars Technica. February 12, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212200213/http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2013/02/android-4-2-2-brings-bluetooth-audio-fixes-to-nexus-phones-and-tablets/">Archived</a> from the original on February 12, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Android+4.2.2+brings+Bluetooth+audio+fixes+to+Nexus+phones+and+tablets&rft.date=2013-02-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fgadgets%2F2013%2F02%2Fandroid-4-2-2-brings-bluetooth-audio-fixes-to-nexus-phones-and-tablets%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TomsJuly2013-140"><a href="#cite_ref-TomsJuly2013_140-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tomshardware.com/news/Android-4.3-Update-Roll-out-Release-Nexus,23671.html">"Google Announces Android 4.3, Update Rolling Out Today"</a>. Tom's Hardware. July 24, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231003112436/https://www.tomshardware.com/news/Android-4.3-Update-Roll-out-Release-Nexus,23671.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 3, 2023. Retrieved July 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Google+Announces+Android+4.3%2C+Update+Rolling+Out+Today&rft.pub=Tom%27s+Hardware&rft.date=2013-07-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tomshardware.com%2Fnews%2FAndroid-4.3-Update-Roll-out-Release-Nexus%2C23671.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2013/08/22/aosp-latest-4-3-fixes/">"Android Open Source Project now has latest 4.3 fixes for most Nexus hardware"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Engadget" title="Engadget">Engadget</a>. August 22, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114141808/https://tag.idsync.analytics.yahoo.com/sp-frame.html?referrer=https%3A//opus.analytics.yahoo.com/tag/opus-frame.html%3Freferrer%3Dhttps%3A//www.engadget.com/2013-08-22-aosp-latest-4-3-fixes.html%26tbla_id%3D447fb467-8d25-454f-82ad-98780acfec34-tuctc9d729f%26gam_id%3Dy-eqLeIpRE2uJ.vUrah5ms6o3fu9Z8svld%7EA%26axids%3Dgam%3Dy-eqLeIpRE2uJ.vUrah5ms6o3fu9Z8svld%7EA%26dv360%3DeS1iUmlHeE1kRTJ1R2NTSG5tYkhzRnVrU0g3emw0eTEwbX5B%26ydsp%3Dy-SJLpaihE2uLvwgj5B5tUS9dk0wj2wjfR%7EA%26gdpr%3Dfalse%26gdpr_consent%3D%26gpp%3DDBABBg%7EBVoIgACA.QA%26gpp_sid%3D8%26us_privacy%3D1YNN%26reset_idsync%3D1">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. Retrieved August 22, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Android+Open+Source+Project+now+has+latest+4.3+fixes+for+most+Nexus+hardware&rft.date=2013-08-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2F2013%2F08%2F22%2Faosp-latest-4-3-fixes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jelly_Bean_4.3-142"><a href="#cite_ref-Jelly_Bean_4.3_142-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2013/7/24/4550234/android-4-3-announcement">"Android 4.3 announced, rolling out to Nexus devices today"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230929173309/https://www.theverge.com/2013/7/24/4550234/android-4-3-announcement">Archived</a> September 29, 2023, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Verge_(website)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Verge (website)">The Verge</a>. July 24, 2013. Retrieved July 24, 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-OfficialAndroidBlog4.3-143">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OfficialAndroidBlog4.3_143-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-OfficialAndroidBlog4.3_143-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-OfficialAndroidBlog4.3_143-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-OfficialAndroidBlog4.3_143-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-OfficialAndroidBlog4.3_143-4">e</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://officialandroid.blogspot.com/2013/07/introducing-android-43-sweeter-jelly.html">"Introducing Android 4.3, a sweeter Jelly Bean"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130730233815/http://officialandroid.blogspot.com/2013/07/introducing-android-43-sweeter-jelly.html">Archived</a> July 30, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Official Android Blog. July 24, 2013. Retrieved July 30, 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-EngdtTRIM-144"><a href="#cite_ref-EngdtTRIM_144-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2013/07/30/android-4-3-supports-trim-improves-performance-on-nexus-devices/">"Android 4.3 supports TRIM, improves performance on Nexus devices"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114141809/https://tag.idsync.analytics.yahoo.com/sp-frame.html?referrer=https%3A//opus.analytics.yahoo.com/tag/opus-frame.html%3Freferrer%3Dhttps%3A//www.engadget.com/2013-07-30-android-4-3-supports-trim-improves-performance-on-nexus-devices.html%26tbla_id%3Dd275f044-f810-4e4e-b4b0-2dc43cb31d45-tuctc9d72a0%26gam_id%3Dy-xD8ykKpE2uLB04V0irxMKnP08zDBz2ql%7EA%26axids%3Dgam%3Dy-xD8ykKpE2uLB04V0irxMKnP08zDBz2ql%7EA%26dv360%3DeS1tVkZ1LjBWRTJ1RUVpdnJON3h0aEQwTVFoNXdxbUVSc35B%26ydsp%3Dy-nSbl59VE2uIt3s8z8x8Yh7ewOVW.GSw_%7EA%26gdpr%3Dfalse%26gdpr_consent%3D%26gpp%3DDBABBg%7EBVoIgACA.QA%26gpp_sid%3D8%26us_privacy%3D1YNN%26reset_idsync%3D1">Archived</a> January 14, 2024, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Engadget. July 30, 2013. Retrieved July 30, 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-APPhotosphere-145"><a href="#cite_ref-APPhotosphere_145-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/07/25/another-android-4-3-change-photo-spheres-look-a-lot-better-now/">"Another Android 4.3 Change: Photo Spheres Look A Lot Better Now"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130728065835/http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/07/25/another-android-4-3-change-photo-spheres-look-a-lot-better-now/">Archived</a> July 28, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Android Police. July 25, 2013. Retrieved July 28, 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-4.3Camera-146"><a href="#cite_ref-4.3Camera_146-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/05/24/android-4-3-and-updated-camera-ui-spotted-on-a-nexus-4-at-thailand-mobile-expo/">"Android 4.3 And Updated Camera UI Spotted On A Nexus 4 At Thailand Mobile Expo"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130728012100/http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/05/24/android-4-3-and-updated-camera-ui-spotted-on-a-nexus-4-at-thailand-mobile-expo/">Archived</a> July 28, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Android Police. May 24, 2013. Retrieved July 30, 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-AppOps-147"><a href="#cite_ref-AppOps_147-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/07/25/app-ops-android-4-3s-hidden-app-permission-manager-control-permissions-for-individual-apps/">"App Ops: Android 4.3's Hidden App Permission Manager, Control Permissions For Individual Apps!"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130728063247/http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/07/25/app-ops-android-4-3s-hidden-app-permission-manager-control-permissions-for-individual-apps/">Archived</a> July 28, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Android Police. July 25, 2013. Retrieved July 30, 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-Engdt4K-148"><a href="#cite_ref-Engdt4K_148-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2013/07/26/android-4-3-source-reveals-support-for-4k-resolution/">"Android 4.3 source code reveals support for 4K resolution"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114141812/https://tag.idsync.analytics.yahoo.com/sp-frame.html?referrer=https%3A//opus.analytics.yahoo.com/tag/opus-frame.html%3Freferrer%3Dhttps%3A//www.engadget.com/2013-07-26-android-4-3-source-reveals-support-for-4k-resolution.html%26tbla_id%3Dc2fda73b-cf47-40e0-9d41-1f4193094d43-tuctc9d72a0%26gam_id%3Dy-8cQTXVlE2uI7XqkakHI8b97yxunxa7_H%7EA%26axids%3Dgam%3Dy-8cQTXVlE2uI7XqkakHI8b97yxunxa7_H%7EA%26dv360%3DeS0yT0hfV1ExRTJ1R19JT2Q2bVpBT2NTX2lEM3JMb2htM35B%26ydsp%3Dy-PNeWeWBE2uIf8ODb9T71tFdeHqMq1QZY%7EA%26gdpr%3Dfalse%26gdpr_consent%3D%26gpp%3DDBABBg%7EBVoIgACA.QA%26gpp_sid%3D8%26us_privacy%3D1YNN%26reset_idsync%3D1">Archived</a> January 14, 2024, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Engadget. July 26, 2013. Retrieved July 30, 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP4.3-149"><a href="#cite_ref-AP4.3_149-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/07/24/a-n-in-depth-look-at-the-big-and-small-additions-to-android-jelly-bean-4-3/">"An In-Depth Look At The Big (And Small) Additions To Android Jelly Bean 4.3"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130726112508/http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/07/24/a-n-in-depth-look-at-the-big-and-small-additions-to-android-jelly-bean-4-3/">Archived</a> July 26, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Android Police. July 24, 2013. Retrieved July 25, 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-CNet_4.3-150"><a href="#cite_ref-CNet_4.3_150-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJaymar_Cabebe2013" class="citation web cs1">Jaymar Cabebe (July 25, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnet.com/products/google-android-4-3-jelly-bean/">"Google Android 4.3 Jelly Bean Release Date, Price and Specs – CNET"</a>. CNET. CBS Interactive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114142319/https://www.cnet.com/reviews/google-android-4-3-jelly-bean-preview/">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. Retrieved February 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNET&rft.atitle=Google+Android+4.3+Jelly+Bean+Release+Date%2C+Price+and+Specs+%E2%80%93+CNET&rft.date=2013-07-25&rft.au=Jaymar+Cabebe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnet.com%2Fproducts%2Fgoogle-android-4-3-jelly-bean%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jelly_Bean_4.3.1-151"><a href="#cite_ref-Jelly_Bean_4.3.1_151-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/10/03/suddenly-a-wild-android-4-3-1-appears-lte-nexus-7-receiving-android-4-3-1-ota-jls36i/">"Suddenly, A Wild Android 4.3.1 Appears – LTE Nexus 7 Receiving Android 4.3.1 OTA (JLS36I)"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131004055112/http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/10/03/suddenly-a-wild-android-4-3-1-appears-lte-nexus-7-receiving-android-4-3-1-ota-jls36i/">Archived</a> October 4, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Android Police. October 3, 2013. Retrieved October 4, 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-4.3.1changelog-152"><a href="#cite_ref-4.3.1changelog_152-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/10/08/factory-image-and-binaries-are-now-available-for-the-nexus-7-lte-android-4-3-1-update-jls36i/">"Factory Image And Binaries Are Now Available For The Nexus 7 LTE Android 4.3.1 Update (JLS36I)"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131009005051/http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/10/08/factory-image-and-binaries-are-now-available-for-the-nexus-7-lte-android-4-3-1-update-jls36i/">Archived</a> October 9, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Android Police. October 8, 2013. Retrieved October 9, 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-KitkatBBC-153"><a href="#cite_ref-KitkatBBC_153-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelion2013" class="citation news cs1">Kelion, Leo (September 3, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-23926938">"Android KitKat announced"</a>. BBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130904070600/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-23926938">Archived</a> from the original on September 4, 2013. Retrieved September 3, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Android+KitKat+announced&rft.date=2013-09-03&rft.aulast=Kelion&rft.aufirst=Leo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Ftechnology-23926938&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techradar.com/us/news/phone-and-communications/mobile-phones/android-5-0-key-lime-pie-release-date-news-and-rumours-1091500">"Android 5.0 Key Lime Pie release date, news and rumors"</a>. TechRadar. July 2, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114142313/https://www.techradar.com/">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. 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Engadget. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131109020218/http://www.engadget.com/2013/11/05/nexus-5-review/">Archived</a> from the original on November 9, 2013. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://static.googleusercontent.com/media/source.android.com/en/us/compatibility/android-cdd.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on March 4, 2014. 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Retrieved March 19, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=source.android.com&rft.atitle=Android+Developers%3A+ART+and+Dalvik&rft.date=2015-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsource.android.com%2Fdevices%2Ftech%2Fdalvik%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Ruddock2013" class="citation web cs1">David Ruddock (October 31, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/10/31/kitkat-feature-spotlight-android-finally-supports-bluetooth-map-will-make-bluetooth-integration-with-your-car-suck-a-lot-less/">"KitKat Feature Spotlight: Android Finally Supports Bluetooth MAP, Will Make Bluetooth Integration With Your Car Suck A Lot Less"</a>. Android Police. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131102201043/http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/10/31/kitkat-feature-spotlight-android-finally-supports-bluetooth-map-will-make-bluetooth-integration-with-your-car-suck-a-lot-less/">Archived</a> from the original on November 2, 2013. 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November 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131210214042/https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=61975">Archived</a> from the original on December 10, 2013. Retrieved January 29, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Android+Issue+61975%3A+Undo+removal+of+access+to+BATTERY_STATS+permission+for+apps&rft.date=2013-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcode.google.com%2Fp%2Fandroid%2Fissues%2Fdetail%3Fid%3D61975&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=61834">"Android Issue 61834: 4.4 KitKat reception/Wifi indicators no longer show data rx/tx during operation"</a>. November 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140413183216/https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=61834">Archived</a> from the original on April 13, 2014. Retrieved February 20, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Android+Issue+61834%3A+4.4+KitKat+reception%2FWifi+indicators+no+longer+show+data+rx%2Ftx+during+operation&rft.date=2013-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcode.google.com%2Fp%2Fandroid%2Fissues%2Fdetail%3Fid%3D61834&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=62378">"Android Issue 62378: KitKat WebView text wrap no longer works"</a>. code.google.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141021095502/https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=62378">Archived</a> from the original on October 21, 2014. Retrieved October 28, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=code.google.com&rft.atitle=Android+Issue+62378%3A+KitKat+WebView+text+wrap+no+longer+works&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcode.google.com%2Fp%2Fandroid%2Fissues%2Fdetail%3Fid%3D62378&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-4.4.1_r1">"refs/tags/android-4.4.1_r1 – platform/system/core – Git at Google"</a>. android.googlesource.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114142414/https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-4.4.1_r1">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. 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Android Police. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131210035532/http://www.androidpolice.com/2013/12/09/android-4-4-2-kot49h-is-already-rolling-out-to-nexus-devices-here-are-the-ota-zip-links-for-manual-updating/">Archived</a> from the original on December 10, 2013. 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Retrieved December 14, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Google+Removes+Vital+Privacy+Feature+From+Android%2C+Claiming+Its+Release+Was+Accidental&rft.pub=Electronic+Frontier+Foundation&rft.date=2013-12-12&rft.au=Peter+Eckersley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eff.org%2Fdeeplinks%2F2013%2F12%2Fgoogle-removes-vital-privacy-features-android-shortly-after-adding-them&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-4.4.3_r1">"refs/tags/android-4.4.3_r1 – platform/system/core – Git at Google"</a>. android.googlesource.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114142335/https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-4.4.3_r1">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. Retrieved May 19, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=android.googlesource.com&rft.atitle=refs%2Ftags%2Fandroid-4.4.3_r1+%E2%80%93+platform%2Fsystem%2Fcore+%E2%80%93+Git+at+Google&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fandroid.googlesource.com%2Fplatform%2Fsystem%2Fcore%2F%2B%2Frefs%2Ftags%2Fandroid-4.4.3_r1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRon_Amadeo2014" class="citation web cs1">Ron Amadeo (June 2, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2014/06/google-releases-android-4-4-3-to-nexus-devices/">"Google releases Android 4.4.3 to Nexus devices"</a>. 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Retrieved June 2, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fresh+New+Dialer+Arrives+in+Android+4.4.3&rft.pub=Droid+Life&rft.date=2014-06-02&rft.au=Kellex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.droid-life.com%2F2014%2F06%2F02%2Ffresh-new-dialer-arrives-in-android-4-4-3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndroid_Developers2014" class="citation web cs1">Android Developers (June 3, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plus.google.com/+AndroidDevelopers/posts/EfKRBGm19dT">"Android 4.4.3 aka KitKat MR2 is rolling out – Google+"</a>. 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Retrieved June 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Android+4.4.3+aka+KitKat+MR2+is+rolling+out+%E2%80%93+Google%2B&rft.pub=Android+Developers+%28Google%2B%29&rft.date=2014-06-03&rft.au=Android+Developers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplus.google.com%2F%2BAndroidDevelopers%2Fposts%2FEfKRBGm19dT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKellex2014" class="citation web cs1">Kellex (June 19, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.droid-life.com/2014/06/19/whoa-android-4-4-4-factory-images-posted-as-build-kut84p/">"Whoa: Android 4.4.4 Factory Images Posted as Build KTU84P"</a>. 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Retrieved October 16, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Updated+Android+Lollipop+Developer+Preview+image+coming+to+Nexus+devices+in+a+couple+of+days&rft.pub=PhoneArena.com&rft.date=2014-10-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.phonearena.com%2Fnews%2FUpdated-Android-Lollipop-Developer-Preview-image-coming-to-Nexus-devices-in-a-couple-of-days_id61780&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2014/06/25/googles-new-design-language-is-called-material-design/">"Google's new 'Material Design' UI coming to Android, Chrome OS and the web"</a>. Engadget. 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Android Git Repositories. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114142908/https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/4f868ed">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. Retrieved December 27, 2017. <q>The current heuristics depend on devices being alive at midnight+ in order to run periodic background fstrim operations...If the device goes a defined time without a background fstrim, we [now] force the fstrim at the next reboot. 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Retrieved April 24, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=VentureBeat&rft.atitle=Google+confirms+Android+5.1+is+rolling+out+today%2C+will+support+multi-SIM+devices+and+HD+calls&rft.date=2015-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fventurebeat.com%2F2015%2F03%2F09%2Fgoogle-confirms-android-5-1-is-landing-on-all-compatible-devices-from-today%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.androidpit.com/android-5-1-lollipop-silent-mode">"Android 5.1 reinstates Silent Mode, but there's a catch"</a>. 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Retrieved March 27, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AndroidPIT&rft.atitle=Android+5.1+reinstates+Silent+Mode%2C+but+there%27s+a+catch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.androidpit.com%2Fandroid-5-1-lollipop-silent-mode&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-5.1.1_r1">"refs/tags/android-5.1.1_r1 – platform/system/core – Git at Google"</a>. android.googlesource.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114142928/https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/refs/tags/android-5.1.1_r1">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. Retrieved May 19, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=android.googlesource.com&rft.atitle=refs%2Ftags%2Fandroid-5.1.1_r1+%E2%80%93+platform%2Fsystem%2Fcore+%E2%80%93+Git+at+Google&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fandroid.googlesource.com%2Fplatform%2Fsystem%2Fcore%2F%2B%2Frefs%2Ftags%2Fandroid-5.1.1_r1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-phandroid-5.1.1-212">^ <a href="#cite_ref-phandroid-5.1.1_212-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-phandroid-5.1.1_212-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phandroid.com/2015/04/21/android-5-1-1-lmy47v-aosp-changelog-nexus-player-factory-images/">"Android 5.1.1 (LMY47V) officially uploaded to AOSP and here's the full changelog, Nexus Player factory images also available"</a>. 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Retrieved May 1, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Android+5.1.1+%28LMY47V%29+officially+uploaded+to+AOSP+and+here%27s+the+full+changelog%2C+Nexus+Player+factory+images+also+available&rft.date=2015-04-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphandroid.com%2F2015%2F04%2F21%2Fandroid-5-1-1-lmy47v-aosp-changelog-nexus-player-factory-images%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJennings2015" class="citation web cs1">Jennings, Jack (June 26, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xda-developers.com/google-open-source-code-for-wi-fi-calling/">"Google Open Source Code for Wi-Fi Calling"</a>. 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Retrieved February 12, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Greenbot&rft.atitle=How+to+get+to+Android+Marshmallow%27s+hidden+file+manager&rft.date=2015-10-22&rft.aulast=Mediati&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.greenbot.com%2Farticle%2F2996030%2Fhow-to-get-to-android-marshmallows-hidden-file-manager.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416212913/https://customer.precisely.com/s/article/How-to-configure-settings-for-maps-on-Android-6-SD-cards-in-ConfirmConnect?language=en_US">"Customer Community"</a>. 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Retrieved November 29, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=developer.android.com&rft.atitle=Handling+App+Links&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.android.com%2Ftraining%2Fapp-links%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.android.com/about/versions/marshmallow/android-6.0.html#app-linking">"App Linking in Android 6.0"</a>. developer.android.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151007210901/http://developer.android.com/about/versions/marshmallow/android-6.0.html#app-linking">Archived</a> from the original on October 7, 2015. 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February 3, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170224155656/https://www.howtogeek.com/231078/use-android-6.0%E2%80%99s-hidden-system-ui-tuner-to-customize-your-quick-settings-and-status-bar/">Archived</a> from the original on February 24, 2017. Retrieved October 20, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Use+Android+6.0%27s+Hidden+System+UI+Tuner+to+Customize+Your+Quick+Settings+and+Status+Bar&rft.date=2022-02-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.howtogeek.com%2F231078%2Fuse-android-6.0%25E2%2580%2599s-hidden-system-ui-tuner-to-customize-your-quick-settings-and-status-bar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><a href="#cite_ref-227">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.android.com/about/versions/marshmallow/android-6.0.html#backup">"Android 6.0 APIs – Android Developers"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151007210901/http://developer.android.com/about/versions/marshmallow/android-6.0.html#backup">Archived</a> from the original on October 7, 2015. Retrieved October 20, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Android+6.0+APIs+%E2%80%93+Android+Developers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.android.com%2Fabout%2Fversions%2Fmarshmallow%2Fandroid-6.0.html%23backup&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.android.com/about/versions/marshmallow/android-6.0.html#4K-display">"Android 6.0 APIs – Android Developers"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151007210901/http://developer.android.com/about/versions/marshmallow/android-6.0.html#4K-display">Archived</a> from the original on October 7, 2015. Retrieved October 20, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Android+6.0+APIs+%E2%80%93+Android+Developers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.android.com%2Fabout%2Fversions%2Fmarshmallow%2Fandroid-6.0.html%234K-display&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><a href="#cite_ref-229">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.android.com/about/versions/marshmallow/android-6.0.html#adoptable-storage">"Android 6.0 APIs – Android Developers"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151007210901/http://developer.android.com/about/versions/marshmallow/android-6.0.html#adoptable-storage">Archived</a> from the original on October 7, 2015. Retrieved October 20, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Android+6.0+APIs+%E2%80%93+Android+Developers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.android.com%2Fabout%2Fversions%2Fmarshmallow%2Fandroid-6.0.html%23adoptable-storage&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><a href="#cite_ref-230">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.androidcentral.com/adoptable-storage">"Everything you need to know about your SD card and Adoptable storage"</a>. April 7, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114142932/https://www.androidcentral.com/adoptable-storage">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. Retrieved June 2, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Everything+you+need+to+know+about+your+SD+card+and+Adoptable+storage&rft.date=2017-04-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.androidcentral.com%2Fadoptable-storage&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><a href="#cite_ref-231">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://source.android.com/devices/audio/midi.html">"MIDI – Android Open Source Project"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150926143719/http://source.android.com/devices/audio/midi.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 26, 2015. Retrieved October 20, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MIDI+%E2%80%93+Android+Open+Source+Project&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsource.android.com%2Fdevices%2Faudio%2Fmidi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://android.wonderhowto.com/how-to/unlock-hidden-multi-window-mode-android-6-0-marshmallow-0165402/">"How to Unlock the Hidden Multi-Window Mode in Android 6.0 Marshmallow"</a>. October 16, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151019233847/http://android.wonderhowto.com/how-to/unlock-hidden-multi-window-mode-android-6-0-marshmallow-0165402/">Archived</a> from the original on October 19, 2015. Retrieved October 20, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+Unlock+the+Hidden+Multi-Window+Mode+in+Android+6.0+Marshmallow&rft.date=2015-10-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fandroid.wonderhowto.com%2Fhow-to%2Funlock-hidden-multi-window-mode-android-6-0-marshmallow-0165402%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><a href="#cite_ref-233">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.androidauthority.com/multi-window-mode-android-6-0-marshmallow-647230/">"Enable Multi-Window mode in Android 6.0 Marshmallow with a bit of tinkering"</a>. October 6, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151023093409/http://www.androidauthority.com/multi-window-mode-android-6-0-marshmallow-647230">Archived</a> from the original on October 23, 2015. Retrieved October 20, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Enable+Multi-Window+mode+in+Android+6.0+Marshmallow+with+a+bit+of+tinkering&rft.date=2015-10-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.androidauthority.com%2Fmulti-window-mode-android-6-0-marshmallow-647230%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><a href="#cite_ref-234">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting.html">"Request App Permissions  -  Android Developers"</a>. Android Developers. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160505063403/http://developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 5, 2016. Retrieved April 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Android+Developers&rft.atitle=Request+App+Permissions+-+Android+Developers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.android.com%2Ftraining%2Fpermissions%2Frequesting.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-android-6-0-1-gadgetzarena-235"><a href="#cite_ref-android-6-0-1-gadgetzarena_235-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gadgetzarena.com/news/google-releases-android-6-0-1-factory-images-nexus-6p6-nexus-5x5-nexus-player-nexus-9-nexus-7-2013">"Google releases Android 6.0.1 Factory Images for Nexus 6P/6, Nexus 5X/5, Nexus Player, Nexus 9 And Nexus 7 [2013]"</a>. GadgetzArena. December 7, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160121153839/http://www.gadgetzarena.com/news/google-releases-android-6-0-1-factory-images-nexus-6p6-nexus-5x5-nexus-player-nexus-9-nexus-7-2013/">Archived</a> from the original on January 21, 2016. Retrieved March 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GadgetzArena&rft.atitle=Google+releases+Android+6.0.1+Factory+Images+for+Nexus+6P%2F6%2C+Nexus+5X%2F5%2C+Nexus+Player%2C+Nexus+9+And+Nexus+7+%5B2013%5D&rft.date=2015-12-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gadgetzarena.com%2Fnews%2Fgoogle-releases-android-6-0-1-factory-images-nexus-6p6-nexus-5x5-nexus-player-nexus-9-nexus-7-2013&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-emojipedia-601-236"><a href="#cite_ref-emojipedia-601_236-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.emojipedia.org/android-6-0-1-emoji-changelog/">"Android 6.0.1 Emoji Changelog"</a>. Emojipedia. December 7, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170217072617/http://blog.emojipedia.org/android-6-0-1-emoji-changelog/">Archived</a> from the original on February 17, 2017. Retrieved February 2, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Emojipedia&rft.atitle=Android+6.0.1+Emoji+Changelog&rft.date=2015-12-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.emojipedia.org%2Fandroid-6-0-1-emoji-changelog%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-237"><a href="#cite_ref-237">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.androidpolice.com/2016/07/18/android-7-0-nougat-developer-preview-5-the-final-preview-is-available-for-download/">"Android 7.0 Nougat Developer Preview 5 – the final preview – is available for download"</a>. Android Police. July 18, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160719133438/http://www.androidpolice.com/2016/07/18/android-7-0-nougat-developer-preview-5-the-final-preview-is-available-for-download/">Archived</a> from the original on July 19, 2016. Retrieved July 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Android+Police&rft.atitle=Android+7.0+Nougat+Developer+Preview+5+%E2%80%93+the+final+preview+%E2%80%93+is+available+for+download&rft.date=2016-07-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.androidpolice.com%2F2016%2F07%2F18%2Fandroid-7-0-nougat-developer-preview-5-the-final-preview-is-available-for-download%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-238"><a href="#cite_ref-238">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2016/08/taking-final-wrapper-off-of-nougat.html">"Taking the final wrapper off of Android 7.0 Nougat"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114142838/https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2016/08/taking-final-wrapper-off-of-nougat.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. Retrieved May 19, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Taking+the+final+wrapper+off+of+Android+7.0+Nougat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fandroid-developers.googleblog.com%2F2016%2F08%2Ftaking-final-wrapper-off-of-nougat.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-239"><a href="#cite_ref-239">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrowleyLawrence2016" class="citation web cs1">Crowley, Paul; Lawrence, Paul (November 17, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://security.googleblog.com/2016/11/pixel-security-better-faster-stronger.html">"Pixel Security: Better, Faster, Stronger"</a>. Google Security Blog. 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August 22, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170222042239/http://blog.emojipedia.org/android-7-0-emoji-changelog/">Archived</a> from the original on February 22, 2017. Retrieved February 2, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Emojipedia&rft.atitle=Android+7.0+Nougat+Emoji+Changelog&rft.date=2016-08-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.emojipedia.org%2Fandroid-7-0-emoji-changelog%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SAF-API24-241"><a href="#cite_ref-SAF-API24_241-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.android.com/reference/android/provider/DocumentsContract#moveDocument(android.content.ContentResolver,%20android.net.Uri,%20android.net.Uri,%20android.net.Uri">"DocumentsContract"</a>. Android Developers. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114143342/https://developer.android.com/reference/android/provider/DocumentsContract#moveDocument(android.content.ContentResolver,%20android.net.Uri,%20android.net.Uri,%20android.net.Uri">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. Retrieved February 2, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Android+Developers&rft.atitle=DocumentsContract&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeveloper.android.com%2Freference%2Fandroid%2Fprovider%2FDocumentsContract%23moveDocument%28android.content.ContentResolver%2C%2520android.net.Uri%2C%2520android.net.Uri%2C%2520android.net.Uri&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-242"><a href="#cite_ref-242">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.android.com/about/versions/nougat/android-7.0.html">"Android 7.0 for Developers  -  Android Developers"</a>. Android Developers. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160911205602/https://developer.android.com/about/versions/nougat/android-7.0.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 11, 2016. 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March 12, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170214005239/http://www.androidpolice.com/2016/03/12/android-n-feature-spotlight-multiple-device-locales-are-now-supported-allowing-search-results-in-multiple-languages-and-other-goodies/">Archived</a> from the original on February 14, 2017. Retrieved February 13, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Android+N+Feature+Spotlight%3A+Multiple+Device+Locales+Are+Now+Supported%2C+Allowing+Search+Results+In+Multiple+Languages+And+Other+Goodies&rft.date=2016-03-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.androidpolice.com%2F2016%2F03%2F12%2Fandroid-n-feature-spotlight-multiple-device-locales-are-now-supported-allowing-search-results-in-multiple-languages-and-other-goodies%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CameraVersion-244"><a href="#cite_ref-CameraVersion_244-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://source.android.com/devices/camera/versioning">"Camera Version Support"</a>. Android Open Source Project.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Android+Open+Source+Project&rft.atitle=Camera+Version+Support&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsource.android.com%2Fdevices%2Fcamera%2Fversioning&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-245"><a href="#cite_ref-245">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://proclockers.com/review/list-of-all-android-operating-system-names-2020-update/">"List of All Android Operating System Names (2020 Update)"</a>. ProClockers. November 18, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114143419/https://gaminggorilla.com/list-of-all-android-operating-system-names-2020-update/">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2024. 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Retrieved May 11, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=xda-developers&rft.atitle=Android+11+Developer+Preview%3A+All+the+changes+we+found+from+Android+10+so+far%21&rft.date=2020-02-19&rft.aulast=Fedewa&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.xda-developers.com%2Fandroid-11-developer-preview-changes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-eleven-beta-282"><a href="#cite_ref-eleven-beta_282-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2020/5/30/21275399/google-delays-android-11-beta-announcement-protests-george-floyd">"Google delays the Android 11 Beta announcement as protests roil US cities"</a>. www.theverge.com. 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December 16, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Android+Police&rft.atitle=Future+Android+phones+may+get+4+years+of+updates%2C+thanks+to+Google+and+Qualcomm&rft.date=2020-12-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.androidpolice.com%2F2020%2F12%2F16%2Fgoogle-and-qualcomm-just-announced-huge-news-for-android-os-updates%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndroid+version+history" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.android.com">Official Android website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://source.android.com/">Android Open Source Project website</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Android_(operating_system)" title="Template:Android (operating system)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Android_(operating_system)" title="Template talk:Android (operating system)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Android_(operating_system)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Android (operating system)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Android" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Go" title="Android Go">Android Go</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Android_Go_products" title="Comparison of Android Go products">Comparison of products</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Android_software_development" title="Android software development">Software development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Programming_tool" title="Programming tool">Development tools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Runtime" title="Android Runtime">Android Runtime</a> (ART)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_SDK" title="Android SDK">Software development kit</a> (SDK) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Debug_Bridge" title="Android Debug Bridge">Android Debug Bridge</a> (ADB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fastboot" title="Fastboot">Fastboot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_App_Bundle" title="Android App Bundle">Android App Bundle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apk_(file_format)" title="Apk (file format)">Android application package</a> (APK)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bionic_(software)" title="Bionic (software)">Bionic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalvik_(software)" title="Dalvik (software)">Dalvik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firebase" title="Firebase">Firebase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Messaging" title="Google Cloud Messaging">Google Cloud Messaging</a> (GCM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firebase_Cloud_Messaging" title="Firebase Cloud Messaging">Firebase Cloud Messaging</a> (FCM)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Mobile_Services" title="Google Mobile Services">Google Mobile Services</a> (GMS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_NDK" title="Android NDK">Native development kit</a> (NDK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Open_Accessory_Development_Kit" class="mw-redirect" title="Android Open Accessory Development Kit">Open accessory development kit</a> (OADK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RenderScript" title="RenderScript">RenderScript</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skia_Graphics_Engine" title="Skia Graphics Engine">Skia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AdMob" title="AdMob">AdMob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Material_Design" title="Material Design">Material Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Font" title="Font">Fonts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Droid_(typeface)" title="Droid (typeface)">Droid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roboto" title="Roboto">Roboto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noto_fonts" title="Noto fonts">Noto</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Developers" title="Google Developers">Google Developers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OpenBinder" title="OpenBinder">OpenBinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Harmony" title="Apache Harmony">Apache Harmony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenJDK" title="OpenJDK">OpenJDK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gradle" title="Gradle">Gradle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_development_environment" title="Integrated development environment">Integrated development environments</a> (IDE)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Studio" title="Android Studio">Android Studio</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IntelliJ_IDEA" title="IntelliJ IDEA">IntelliJ IDEA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eclipse_(software)" title="Eclipse (software)">Eclipse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eclipse_(software)#Android_Development_Tools" title="Eclipse (software)">Android Development Tools</a> (ADT)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/App_Inventor_for_Android" class="mw-redirect" title="App Inventor for Android">App Inventor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">Languages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Database" title="Database">databases</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotlin_(programming_language)" title="Kotlin (programming language)">Kotlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SQLite" title="SQLite">SQLite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Virtual_reality" title="Virtual reality">Virtual reality</a> (VR)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cardboard" title="Google Cardboard">Cardboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Daydream" title="Google Daydream">Daydream</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events, <a href="/wiki/Community_of_practice" title="Community of practice">communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_I/O" title="Google I/O">Google I/O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Developer_Challenge" title="Android Developer Challenge">Developer Challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Developer_Lab" title="Android Developer Lab">Developer Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Open_Source_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Android Open Source Project">Android Open Source Project</a> (AOSP)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Releases</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Cupcake" title="Android Cupcake">Cupcake (1.5)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Donut" title="Android Donut">Donut (1.6)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Eclair" title="Android Eclair">Eclair (2.0–2.1)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Froyo" title="Android Froyo">Froyo (2.2)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Gingerbread" title="Android Gingerbread">Gingerbread (2.3)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Honeycomb" title="Android Honeycomb">Honeycomb (3.x)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Ice_Cream_Sandwich" title="Android Ice Cream Sandwich">Ice Cream Sandwich (4.0)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Jelly_Bean" title="Android Jelly Bean">Jelly Bean (4.1–4.3)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_KitKat" title="Android KitKat">KitKat (4.4)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Lollipop" title="Android Lollipop">Lollipop (5.x)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Marshmallow" title="Android Marshmallow">Marshmallow (6.0)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Nougat" title="Android Nougat">Nougat (7.x)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Oreo" title="Android Oreo">Oreo (8.x)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Pie" title="Android Pie">Pie (9)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_10" title="Android 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_11" title="Android 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_12" title="Android 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_13" title="Android 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_14" title="Android 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_15" title="Android 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_16" title="Android 16">16</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Derivatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Automotive" title="Android Automotive">Android Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Things" title="Android Things">Android Things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_TV" title="Android TV">TV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Android_TV_devices" title="List of Android TV devices">devices</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wear_OS" title="Wear OS">Wear OS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Devices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Google_Pixel" title="Google Pixel">Pixel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_C" title="Pixel C">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_(1st_generation)" title="Pixel (1st generation)">Pixel & Pixel XL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_2" title="Pixel 2">2 & 2 XL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_3" title="Pixel 3">3 & 3 XL</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_3a" title="Pixel 3a">3a & 3a XL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_4" title="Pixel 4">4 & 4 XL</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_4a" title="Pixel 4a">4a & 4a (5G)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_5" title="Pixel 5">5</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_5a" title="Pixel 5a">5a</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_6" title="Pixel 6">6 & 6 Pro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_6a" title="Pixel 6a">6a</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_7" title="Pixel 7">7 & 7 Pro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_7a" title="Pixel 7a">7a</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Fold" title="Pixel Fold">Fold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Tablet" title="Pixel Tablet">Tablet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_8" title="Pixel 8">8 & 8 Pro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_8a" title="Pixel 8a">8a</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_8" title="Pixel 8">9, 9 Pro & 9 Pro XL</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_9_Pro_Fold" title="Pixel 9 Pro Fold">9 Pro Fold</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Google_Nexus" title="Google Nexus">Nexus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_One" title="Nexus One">One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_S" title="Nexus S">S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Nexus" title="Galaxy Nexus">Galaxy Nexus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_4" title="Nexus 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_10" title="Nexus 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_Q" title="Nexus Q">Q</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_5" title="Nexus 5">5</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_5X" title="Nexus 5X">5X</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_6" title="Nexus 6">6</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_6P" title="Nexus 6P">6P</a></li></ul></li> <li>7 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_7_(2012)" title="Nexus 7 (2012)">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_7_(2013)" title="Nexus 7 (2013)">2013</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_9" title="Nexus 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_Player" title="Nexus Player">Player</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Google_Play_edition_devices" title="List of Google Play edition devices">Play edition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HTC_One_(M7)" title="HTC One (M7)">HTC One (M7)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTC_One_(M8)" title="HTC One (M8)">HTC One (M8)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LG_G_Pad_8.3" title="LG G Pad 8.3">LG G Pad 8.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moto_G_(1st_generation)" title="Moto G (1st generation)">Moto G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_Galaxy_S4" title="Samsung Galaxy S4">Samsung Galaxy S4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Xperia_Z_Ultra" title="Sony Xperia Z Ultra">Sony Xperia Z Ultra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_One" title="Android One">Android One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Android_smartphones" title="List of Android smartphones">other smartphones</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_custom_Android_distributions" title="List of custom Android distributions">Custom distributions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AliOS" title="AliOS">AliOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android-x86" title="Android-x86">Android-x86</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Remix_OS" title="Remix OS">Remix OS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AOKP" title="AOKP">AOKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baidu_Yi" title="Baidu Yi">Baidu Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnes_%26_Noble_Nook" title="Barnes & Noble Nook">Barnes & Noble Nook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CalyxOS" title="CalyxOS">CalyxOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ColorOS" title="ColorOS">ColorOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Realme" title="Realme">realme UI</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CopperheadOS" title="CopperheadOS">CopperheadOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMUI" title="EMUI">EMUI</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honor_(brand)" title="Honor (brand)">Magic UI</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_OS" title="Fire OS">Fire OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meizu#Flyme" title="Meizu">Flyme OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GrapheneOS" title="GrapheneOS">GrapheneOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaomi_HyperOS" title="Xiaomi HyperOS">Xiaomi HyperOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MIUI" title="MIUI">MIUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/POCO_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="POCO (company)">MIUI for POCO</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeWa_OS" title="LeWa OS">LeWa OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LineageOS" title="LineageOS">LineageOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki//e/_(operating_system)" title="/e/ (operating system)">/e/</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CrDroid" title="CrDroid">CrDroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CyanogenMod" title="CyanogenMod">CyanogenMod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DivestOS" title="DivestOS">DivestOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iod%C3%A9OS" title="IodéOS">iodéOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_NetHunter" title="Kali NetHunter">Kali NetHunter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LiteOS" title="LiteOS">LiteOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meta_Horizon_OS" title="Meta Horizon OS">Meta Horizon OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MicroG" title="MicroG">MicroG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia_X_family#Nokia_X_software_platform" title="Nokia X family">Nokia X software platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OmniROM" title="OmniROM">OmniROM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPhone" title="OPhone">OPhone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OxygenOS" title="OxygenOS">OxygenOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PixelExperience" title="PixelExperience">PixelExperience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pixel#Pixel_UI_(Pixel_Launcher)" title="Google Pixel">Pixel UI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Replicant_(operating_system)" title="Replicant (operating system)">Replicant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_Remix_OS" title="Resurrection Remix OS">Resurrection Remix OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SlimRoms" title="SlimRoms">SlimRoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TCL_Technology" title="TCL Technology">TCL UI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_for_Android" class="mw-redirect" title="Ubuntu for Android">Ubuntu for Android</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XobotOS" title="XobotOS">XobotOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenovo_smartphones" title="Lenovo smartphones">ZUI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Booting and recovery</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Booting_process_of_Android_devices" title="Booting process of Android devices">Booting process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_recovery_mode" title="Android recovery mode">Recovery mode</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TWRP_(software)" title="TWRP (software)">TWRP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ClockworkMod" title="ClockworkMod">ClockworkMod</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fastboot" title="Fastboot">Fastboot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/API" title="API">APIs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Services" title="Google Play Services">Google Play Services</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SafetyNet_API" title="SafetyNet API">SafetyNet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Search" title="Google Search">Google Search</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alternative <a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">UIs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asus_ZenUI" class="mw-redirect" title="Asus ZenUI">Asus ZenUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ColorOS" title="ColorOS">ColorOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMUI" title="EMUI">EMUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meizu#Flyme" title="Meizu">Flyme OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hive_UI" title="Hive UI">XOLO Hive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTC_Sense" title="HTC Sense">HTC Sense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LG_UX" title="LG UX">LG UX</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Optimus_UI" title="Optimus UI">Optimus UI</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motoblur" title="Motoblur">Motoblur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_UI" title="One UI">One UI</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_Experience" title="Samsung Experience">Experience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TouchWiz" title="TouchWiz">TouchWiz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OxygenOS" title="OxygenOS">OxygenOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pixel#Pixel_UI_(Pixel_Launcher)" title="Google Pixel">Pixel UI</a></li> <li>Xperia UI</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rooting_(Android)" title="Rooting (Android)">Rooting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SuperSU" title="SuperSU">SuperSU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magisk_(software)" title="Magisk (software)">Magisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingo_Root" title="Kingo Root">Kingo Root</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_custom_Android_distributions" title="List of custom Android distributions">Custom distributions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_features_in_Android" title="List of features in Android">Features</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_free_and_open-source_Android_applications" title="List of free and open-source Android applications">Free and open-source applications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Android_apps_by_Google" title="List of Android apps by Google">Google apps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Android_launchers" title="List of Android launchers">Launchers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Android_OS_articles" title="Index of Android OS articles">Index of articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Androidland" title="Androidland">Androidland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromecast" title="Chromecast">Chromecast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Java_and_Android_API" title="Comparison of Java and Android API">Java vs. Android API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_lawn_statues" title="Android lawn statues">Lawn statues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlueStacks" title="BlueStacks">BlueStacks</a></li> <li>Legal issues <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_LLC_v._Oracle_America,_Inc." title="Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.">Google v. Oracle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smartphone_patent_wars" title="Smartphone patent wars">smartphone patent wars</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Android_(operating_system)_development_software" title="Category:Android (operating system) development software">Category:Android development</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Mobile_telecommunications" title="Category:Mobile telecommunications">Category:Mobile telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Software" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Software">Software portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Telecommunication" title="Portal:Telecommunication">Telecommunication portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Google" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Google_LLC" title="Template:Google LLC"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Google_LLC" title="Template talk:Google LLC"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Google_LLC" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Google LLC"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Google" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_Inc." title="Alphabet Inc.">Alphabet Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Google" title="History of Google">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Android_apps_by_Google" title="List of Android apps by Google">List of Android apps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Google_Easter_eggs" title="List of Google Easter eggs">List of Easter eggs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Google_April_Fools%27_Day_jokes" title="List of Google April Fools' Day jokes">April Fools' Day</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Alphabet" title="List of mergers and acquisitions by Alphabet">List of mergers and acquisitions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Company" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Company</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads">Ads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_AI" title="Google AI">AI</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Brain" title="Google Brain">Brain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_DeepMind" title="Google DeepMind">DeepMind</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Booting_process_of_Android_devices" title="Booting process of Android devices">booting process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_recovery_mode" title="Android recovery mode">recovery mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_software_development" title="Android software development">software development</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">version history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_China" title="Google China">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goojje" title="Goojje">Goojje</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Chrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Platform" title="Google Cloud Platform">Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Glass" title="Google Glass">Glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google.org" title="Google.org">Google.org</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Crisis_Response" title="Google Crisis Response">Crisis Response</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Public_Alerts" title="Google Public Alerts">Public Alerts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RechargeIT" title="RechargeIT">RechargeIT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Health" title="Google Health">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pixel" title="Google Pixel">Pixel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Search" title="Google Search">Search</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Google_Search" title="Timeline of Google Search">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidewalk_Labs" title="Sidewalk Labs">Sidewalk Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Energy" title="Google Energy">Sustainability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_YouTube" title="History of YouTube">History</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Me_at_the_zoo" title="Me at the zoo">Me at the zoo</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_impact_of_YouTube" title="Social impact of YouTube">Social impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTuber" title="YouTuber">YouTuber</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Google_employees" title="Category:Google employees">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Bharat" title="Krishna Bharat">Krishna Bharat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vint_Cerf" title="Vint Cerf">Vint Cerf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Dean" title="Jeff Dean">Jeff Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Doerr" title="John Doerr">John Doerr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanjay_Ghemawat" title="Sanjay Ghemawat">Sanjay Ghemawat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_L._Hennessy" title="John L. Hennessy">John L. Hennessy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urs_H%C3%B6lzle" title="Urs Hölzle">Urs Hölzle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salar_Kamangar" title="Salar Kamangar">Salar Kamangar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Kurzweil" title="Ray Kurzweil">Ray Kurzweil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Mather" title="Ann Mather">Ann Mather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Mulally" title="Alan Mulally">Alan Mulally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Osterloh" title="Rick Osterloh">Rick Osterloh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundar_Pichai" title="Sundar Pichai">Sundar Pichai</a> (CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Porat" title="Ruth Porat">Ruth Porat</a> (CFO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajen_Sheth" title="Rajen Sheth">Rajen Sheth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Varian" title="Hal Varian">Hal Varian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neal_Mohan" title="Neal Mohan">Neal Mohan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Bechtolsheim" title="Andy Bechtolsheim">Andy Bechtolsheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Brin" title="Sergey Brin">Sergey Brin</a> (Founder)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cheriton" title="David Cheriton">David Cheriton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Cutts" title="Matt Cutts">Matt Cutts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Drummond_(businessman)" title="David Drummond (businessman)">David Drummond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Eustace" title="Alan Eustace">Alan Eustace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timnit_Gebru" title="Timnit Gebru">Timnit Gebru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omid_Kordestani" title="Omid Kordestani">Omid Kordestani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Otellini" title="Paul Otellini">Paul Otellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Page" title="Larry Page">Larry Page</a> (Founder)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Pichette" title="Patrick Pichette">Patrick Pichette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Schmidt" title="Eric Schmidt">Eric Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Shriram" title="Ram Shriram">Ram Shriram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amit_Singhal" title="Amit Singhal">Amit Singhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_M._Tilghman" title="Shirley M. Tilghman">Shirley M. Tilghman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Whetstone" title="Rachel Whetstone">Rachel Whetstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Wojcicki" title="Susan Wojcicki">Susan Wojcicki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Real estate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/111_Eighth_Avenue" title="111 Eighth Avenue">111 Eighth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Androidland" title="Androidland">Androidland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_barges" title="Google barges">Barges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binoculars_Building" title="Binoculars Building">Binoculars Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Saint_Giles" title="Central Saint Giles">Central Saint Giles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_Market" title="Chelsea Market">Chelsea Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrome_Zone" title="Chrome Zone">Chrome Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_data_centers" title="Google data centers">Data centers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Googleplex" title="Googleplex">Googleplex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayfield_Mall" title="Mayfield Mall">Mayfield Mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pier_57" title="Pier 57">Pier 57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidewalk_Toronto" title="Sidewalk Toronto">Sidewalk Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_Terminal" title="St. John's Terminal">St. John's Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Space" title="YouTube Space">YouTube Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Theater" title="YouTube Theater">YouTube Theater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Design</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Fonts <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croscore_fonts" title="Croscore fonts">Croscore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noto_fonts" title="Noto fonts">Noto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Product_Sans" title="Product Sans">Product Sans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roboto" title="Roboto">Roboto</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_logo" title="Google logo">Logo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Doodle" title="Google Doodle">Doodle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doodle_Champion_Island_Games" title="Doodle Champion Island Games">Doodle Champion Island Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_Cat_Academy" title="Magic Cat Academy">Magic Cat Academy</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Material_Design" title="Material Design">Material Design</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Android <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Developer_Challenge" title="Android Developer Challenge">Developer Challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Developer_Day" title="Android Developer Day">Developer Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Developer_Lab" title="Android Developer Lab">Developer Lab</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Code-in" title="Google Code-in">Code-in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Code_Jam" title="Google Code Jam">Code Jam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Developer_Day" title="Google Developer Day">Developer Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Developers_Live" title="Google Developers Live">Developers Live</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doodle4Google" title="Doodle4Google">Doodle4Google</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G-Day" title="G-Day">G-Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_I/O" title="Google I/O">I/O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jigsaw_(company)" title="Jigsaw (company)">Jigsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Living_Stories" title="Living Stories">Living Stories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Lunar_X_Prize" title="Google Lunar X Prize">Lunar XPRIZE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Mapathon" title="Google Mapathon">Mapathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Science_Fair" title="Google Science Fair">Science Fair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Summer_of_Code" title="Google Summer of Code">Summer of Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talks_at_Google" class="mw-redirect" title="Talks at Google">Talks at Google</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">YouTube</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Awards" title="YouTube Awards">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNN/YouTube_presidential_debates" title="CNN/YouTube presidential debates">CNN/YouTube presidential debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Comedy_Week" title="YouTube Comedy Week">Comedy Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Live" title="YouTube Live">Live</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Music_Awards" title="YouTube Music Awards">Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Space_Lab" title="YouTube Space Lab">Space Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Symphony_Orchestra" title="YouTube Symphony Orchestra">Symphony Orchestra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Projects and initiatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Side_project_time" title="Side project time">20% project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Area_120" title="Area 120">Area 120</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reply_(Google)" title="Reply (Google)">Reply</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tables_(Google)" title="Tables (Google)">Tables</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_ATAP" title="Google ATAP">ATAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Business_Groups" title="Google Business Groups">Business Groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM/Google_Cloud_Computing_University_Initiative" title="IBM/Google Cloud Computing University Initiative">Computing University Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Data_Liberation_Front" title="Google Data Liberation Front">Data Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_Transfer_Project" title="Data Transfer Project">Data Transfer Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Developer_Expert" title="Google Developer Expert">Developer Expert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Digital_Garage" title="Google Digital Garage">Digital Garage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_News_Initiative" title="Digital News Initiative">Digital News Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Unlocked" title="Digital Unlocked">Digital Unlocked</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragonfly_(search_engine)" title="Dragonfly (search engine)">Dragonfly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Founders%27_Award" title="Google Founders' Award">Founders' Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Free_Zone" title="Google Free Zone">Free Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Get_Your_Business_Online" title="Google Get Your Business Online">Get Your Business Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_for_Education" title="Google for Education">Google for Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_for_Startups" title="Google for Startups">Google for Startups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Labs" title="Google Labs">Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_Galaxy" title="Liquid Galaxy">Liquid Galaxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Made_with_Code" title="Made with Code">Made with Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_M%C4%81ori" title="Google Māori">Māori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_News_Lab" title="Google News Lab">News Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Nightingale" title="Project Nightingale">Nightingale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objectives_and_key_results" title="Objectives and key results">Objectives and key results</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_PowerMeter" title="Google PowerMeter">PowerMeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privacy_Sandbox" title="Privacy Sandbox">Privacy Sandbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quantum_Artificial_Intelligence_Lab" title="Quantum Artificial Intelligence Lab">Quantum Artificial Intelligence Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RechargeIT" title="RechargeIT">RechargeIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Shield" title="Project Shield">Shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Silicon_Initiative" title="Google Silicon Initiative">Silicon Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solve_for_X" title="Solve for X">Solve for X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Starline" title="Project Starline">Starline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Student_Ambassador_Program" title="Google Student Ambassador Program">Student Ambassador Program</a></li> <li>Submarine communications cables <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dunant_(submarine_communications_cable)" title="Dunant (submarine communications cable)">Dunant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Hopper_(submarine_communications_cable)" title="Grace Hopper (submarine communications cable)">Grace Hopper</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Sunroof" title="Project Sunroof">Sunroof</a></li> <li>YouTube <ul><li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Creator_Awards" title="YouTube Creator Awards">Creator Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Next_Lab_and_Audience_Development_Group" title="YouTube Next Lab and Audience Development Group">Next Lab and Audience Development Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Original_Channel_Initiative" title="YouTube Original Channel Initiative">Original Channel Initiative</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Zero" title="Project Zero">Zero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Google" title="Criticism of Google">Criticism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2018_Google_data_breach" title="2018 Google data breach">2018 data breach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Google_walkouts" title="2018 Google walkouts">2018 walkouts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_Workers_Union" title="Alphabet Workers Union">Alphabet Workers Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_by_Google" title="Censorship by Google">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeGoogle" title="DeGoogle">DeGoogle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragonfly_(search_engine)" title="Dragonfly (search engine)">Dragonfly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FairSearch" title="FairSearch">FairSearch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google%27s_Ideological_Echo_Chamber" title="Google's Ideological Echo Chamber">"Ideological Echo Chamber" memo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_litigation" title="Google litigation">Litigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privacy_concerns_with_Google" title="Privacy concerns with Google">Privacy concerns</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_privacy_concerns" title="Google Street View privacy concerns">Street View</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_tech_bus_protests" title="San Francisco tech bus protests">San Francisco tech bus protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_services_outages" title="Google services outages">Services outages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smartphone_patent_wars" title="Smartphone patent wars">Smartphone patent wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_worker_organization" title="Google worker organization">Worker organization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Google#YouTube" title="Criticism of Google">YouTube</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Korean_YouTube_backdoor_advertising_controversy" title="2020 Korean YouTube backdoor advertising controversy">Back advertisement controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_by_Google#YouTube" title="Censorship by Google">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_copyright_issues" title="YouTube copyright issues">Copyright issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_copyright_strike" title="YouTube copyright strike">Copyright strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elsagate" title="Elsagate">Elsagate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastic_Adventures_scandal" title="Fantastic Adventures scandal">Fantastic Adventures scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_headquarters_shooting" title="YouTube headquarters shooting">Headquarters shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Kohistan_video_case" title="2012 Kohistan video case">Kohistan video case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_Innocence_of_Muslims" title="Reactions to Innocence of Muslims">Reactions to Innocence of Muslims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Slovenian_YouTube_incident" title="2011 Slovenian YouTube incident">Slovenian government incident</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Development" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Google_Developers" title="Google Developers">Development</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operating systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Automotive" title="Android Automotive">Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_OS" title="Glass OS">Glass OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Go" title="Android Go">Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GLinux" title="GLinux">gLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goobuntu" title="Goobuntu">Goobuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Things" title="Android Things">Things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_TV" title="Android TV">TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wear_OS" title="Wear OS">Wear OS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ChromeOS" title="ChromeOS">ChromeOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChromiumOS" title="ChromiumOS">ChromiumOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neverware" title="Neverware">Neverware</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuchsia_(operating_system)" title="Fuchsia (operating system)">Fuchsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_TV_(operating_system)" title="Google TV (operating system)">TV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Libraries/ frameworks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ALTS" title="ALTS">ALTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accelerated_Mobile_Pages" title="Accelerated Mobile Pages">AMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angular_(web_framework)" title="Angular (web framework)">Angular</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AngularJS" title="AngularJS">JS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARCore" title="ARCore">ARCore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_APIs" title="Google APIs">APIs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockly" title="Blockly">Blockly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Chart_API" title="Google Chart API">Chart API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Charts" title="Google Charts">Charts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialogflow" title="Dialogflow">Dialogflow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exposure_Notification" title="Exposure Notification">Exposure Notification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_Pair" title="Fast Pair">Fast Pair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federated_Learning_of_Cohorts" title="Federated Learning of Cohorts">Federated Learning of Cohorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_File_System" title="Google File System">File System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FlatBuffers" title="FlatBuffers">FlatBuffers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flutter_(software)" title="Flutter (software)">Flutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gears_(software)" title="Gears (software)">Gears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRPC" title="GRPC">gRPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gson" title="Gson">Gson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Guava" title="Google Guava">Guava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Guice" title="Google Guice">Guice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guetzli" title="Guetzli">Guetzli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_JAX" title="Google JAX">JAX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GVisor" title="GVisor">gVisor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MapReduce" title="MapReduce">MapReduce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matter_(standard)" title="Matter (standard)">Matter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Mobile_Services" title="Google Mobile Services">Mobile Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Neural_Machine_Translation" title="Google Neural Machine Translation">Neural Machine Translation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenSocial" title="OpenSocial">OpenSocial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pack" title="Google Pack">Pack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polymer_(library)" title="Polymer (library)">Polymer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protocol_Buffers" title="Protocol Buffers">Protocol Buffers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reqwireless" title="Reqwireless">Reqwireless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Shell" title="Google Shell">Shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skia_Graphics_Engine" title="Skia Graphics Engine">Skia Graphics Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tango_(platform)" title="Tango (platform)">Tango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TensorFlow" title="TensorFlow">TensorFlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Test" title="Google Test">Test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WaveNet" title="WaveNet">WaveNet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weave_(protocol)" title="Weave (protocol)">Weave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Web_Accelerator" title="Google Web Accelerator">Web Accelerator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebRTC" title="WebRTC">WebRTC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Platforms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_App_Engine" title="Google App Engine">App Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AppJet" title="AppJet">AppJet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Apps_Script" title="Google Apps Script">Apps Script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Platform" title="Google Cloud Platform">Cloud Platform</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anvato" title="Anvato">Anvato</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firebase" title="Firebase">Firebase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Firebase_Cloud_Messaging" title="Firebase Cloud Messaging">Cloud Messaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crashlytics" title="Crashlytics">Crashlytics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_IP_Solutions" title="Global IP Solutions">Global IP Solutions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Low_Bitrate_Codec" title="Internet Low Bitrate Codec">Internet Low Bitrate Codec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Speech_Audio_Codec" title="Internet Speech Audio Codec">Internet Speech Audio Codec</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gridcentric,_Inc." title="Gridcentric, Inc.">Gridcentric, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITA_Software" title="ITA Software">ITA Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubernetes" title="Kubernetes">Kubernetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LevelDB" title="LevelDB">LevelDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neatx" title="Neatx">Neatx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_IDX" title="Project IDX">Project IDX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SageTV" title="SageTV">SageTV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apigee" title="Apigee">Apigee</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bigtable" title="Bigtable">Bigtable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitium" title="Bitium">Bitium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronicle_Security" title="Chronicle Security">Chronicle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VirusTotal" title="VirusTotal">VirusTotal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Compute_Engine" title="Google Compute Engine">Compute Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Connect" title="Google Cloud Connect">Connect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Dataflow" title="Google Cloud Dataflow">Dataflow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Datastore" title="Google Cloud Datastore">Datastore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaggle" title="Kaggle">Kaggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Looker_(company)" title="Looker (company)">Looker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandiant" title="Mandiant">Mandiant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Messaging" title="Google Cloud Messaging">Messaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbitera" title="Orbitera">Orbitera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Shell" title="Google Cloud Shell">Shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stackdriver" title="Stackdriver">Stackdriver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Storage" title="Google Cloud Storage">Storage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Fuzzy_Lop_(software)" title="American Fuzzy Lop (software)">American Fuzzy Lop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Cloud_to_Device_Messaging" title="Android Cloud to Device Messaging">Android Cloud to Device Messaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Debug_Bridge" title="Android Debug Bridge">Android Debug Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Studio" title="Android Studio">Android Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_App_Maker" title="Google App Maker">App Maker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_App_Runtime_for_Chrome" title="Google App Runtime for Chrome">App Runtime for Chrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AppSheet" title="AppSheet">AppSheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bazel_(software)" title="Bazel (software)">Bazel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome_Frame" title="Google Chrome Frame">Chrome Frame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Closure_Tools" title="Google Closure Tools">Closure Tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cpplint" title="Cpplint">Cpplint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Data_Protocol" title="Google Data Protocol">Data Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Gadgets" title="Google Gadgets">Gadgets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerrit_(software)" title="Gerrit (software)">Gerrit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GYP_(software)" title="GYP (software)">GYP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Kythe" title="Google Kythe">Kythe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Lighthouse" title="Google Lighthouse">Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_App_Inventor" title="MIT App Inventor">MIT App Inventor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Mashup_Editor" title="Google Mashup Editor">Mashup Editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Native_Client" title="Google Native Client">Native Client</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Optimize" title="Google Optimize">Optimize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenRefine" title="OpenRefine">OpenRefine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OR-Tools" title="OR-Tools">OR-Tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_PageSpeed_Tools" title="Google PageSpeed Tools">PageSpeed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Plugin_for_Eclipse" title="Google Plugin for Eclipse">Plugin for Eclipse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Programmable_Search_Engine" title="Google Programmable Search Engine">Programmable Search Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Public_DNS" title="Google Public DNS">Public DNS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ReCAPTCHA" title="ReCAPTCHA">reCAPTCHA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schema.org" title="Schema.org">Schema.org</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Search_Console" title="Google Search Console">Search Console</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitemaps" title="Sitemaps">Sitemaps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Swiffy" title="Google Swiffy">Swiffy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesseract_(software)" title="Tesseract (software)">Tesseract (software)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trendalyzer" title="Trendalyzer">Trendalyzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VisBug" title="VisBug">VisBug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Wave_Federation_Protocol" title="Google Wave Federation Protocol">Wave Federation Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Web_Toolkit" title="Google Web Toolkit">Web Toolkit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Search algorithms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Hummingbird" title="Google Hummingbird">Hummingbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PageRank" title="PageRank">PageRank</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_matrix" title="Google matrix">Matrix</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Panda" title="Google Panda">Panda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Penguin" title="Google Penguin">Penguin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pigeon" title="Google Pigeon">Pigeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RankBrain" title="RankBrain">RankBrain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BERT_(language_model)" title="BERT (language model)">BERT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BigQuery" title="BigQuery">BigQuery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome_Experiments" title="Google Chrome Experiments">Chrome Experiments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flutter_(American_company)" title="Flutter (American company)">Flutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemini_(language_model)" title="Gemini (language model)">Gemini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Googlebot" title="Googlebot">Googlebot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keyhole_Markup_Language" title="Keyhole Markup Language">Keyhole Markup Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaMDA" title="LaMDA">LaMDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Location_Code" title="Open Location Code">Open Location Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PaLM" title="PaLM">PaLM</a></li> <li>Programming languages <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caja_project" title="Caja project">Caja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_(programming_language)" title="Carbon (programming language)">Carbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dart_(programming_language)" title="Dart (programming language)">Dart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go_(programming_language)" title="Go (programming language)">Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawzall_(programming_language)" title="Sawzall (programming language)">Sawzall</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transformer_(deep_learning_architecture)" title="Transformer (deep learning architecture)">Transformer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viewdle" title="Viewdle">Viewdle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webdriver_Torso" title="Webdriver Torso">Webdriver Torso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Web_Server" title="Google Web Server">Web Server</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">File formats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_App_Bundle" title="Android App Bundle">AAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apk_(file_format)" title="Apk (file format)">APK</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AV1" title="AV1">AV1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On2_Technologies" title="On2 Technologies">On2 Technologies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VP3" title="VP3">VP3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP6" title="VP6">VP6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP8" title="VP8">VP8</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Libvpx" title="Libvpx">libvpx</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP9" title="VP9">VP9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebM" title="WebM">WebM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebP" title="WebP">WebP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_Open_Font_Format" title="Web Open Font Format">WOFF2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Products" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Google_products" title="List of Google products">Products</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entertainment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Currents_(news_app)" title="Google Currents (news app)">Currents (news app)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Throttle_Games" title="Green Throttle Games">Green Throttle Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owlchemy_Labs" title="Owlchemy Labs">Owlchemy Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster_(company)" title="Oyster (company)">Oyster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PaperofRecord.com" title="PaperofRecord.com">PaperofRecord.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Podcasts" title="Google Podcasts">Podcasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quick,_Draw!" title="Quick, Draw!">Quick, Draw!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Santa_Tracker" title="Google Santa Tracker">Santa Tracker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songza" title="Songza">Songza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Stadia" title="Google Stadia">Stadia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Stadia_games" title="List of Stadia games">games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Studios" title="Typhoon Studios">Typhoon Studios</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_TV_(service)" title="Google TV (service)">TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vevo" title="Vevo">Vevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Video" title="Google Video">Video</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Google_Play" title="Google Play">Play</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Books" title="Google Play Books">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Games" title="Google Play Games">Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-downloaded_Google_Play_applications" title="List of most-downloaded Google Play applications">most downloaded apps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Music" title="Google Play Music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Newsstand" title="Google Play Newsstand">Newsstand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Pass" title="Google Play Pass">Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Services" title="Google Play Services">Services</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BandPage" title="BandPage">BandPage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_BrandConnect" title="YouTube BrandConnect">BrandConnect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Content_ID" title="Content ID">Content ID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Instant" title="YouTube Instant">Instant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Kids" title="YouTube Kids">Kids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Music" title="YouTube Music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_(YouTube_channel)" title="YouTube (YouTube channel)">Official channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Premium" title="YouTube Premium">Premium</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_YouTube_Premium_original_programming" title="List of YouTube Premium original programming">original programming</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Rewind" title="YouTube Rewind">YouTube Rewind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RightsFlow" title="RightsFlow">RightsFlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Select" title="YouTube Select">Select</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Shorts" title="YouTube Shorts">Shorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_Studio" title="YouTube Studio">Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_TV" title="YouTube TV">TV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Communication</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Allo" title="Google Allo">Allo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bump_(application)" title="Bump (application)">Bump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Buzz" title="Google Buzz">Buzz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Chat" title="Google Chat">Chat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Contacts" title="Google Contacts">Contacts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Currents_(social_app)" title="Google Currents (social app)">Currents (social app)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodgeball_(service)" title="Dodgeball (service)">Dodgeball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Duo" title="Google Duo">Duo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Fi_Wireless" title="Google Fi Wireless">Fi Wireless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Friend_Connect" title="Google Friend Connect">Friend Connect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gizmo5" title="Gizmo5">Gizmo5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google%2B" title="Google+">Google+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmail" title="Gmail">Gmail</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Gmail" title="History of Gmail">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inbox_by_Gmail" title="Inbox by Gmail">Inbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gmail_interface" title="Gmail interface">Interface</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Groups" title="Google Groups">Groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Hangouts" title="Google Hangouts">Hangouts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Helpouts" title="Google Helpouts">Helpouts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_IME" title="Google IME">IME</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Japanese_Input" title="Google Japanese Input">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pinyin" title="Google Pinyin">Pinyin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaiku" title="Jaiku">Jaiku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marratech" title="Marratech">Marratech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meebo" title="Meebo">Meebo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Meet" title="Google Meet">Meet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Messages" title="Google Messages">Messages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Moderator" title="Google Moderator">Moderator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neotonic_Software" title="Neotonic Software">Neotonic Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orkut" title="Orkut">Orkut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postini" title="Postini">Postini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quest_Visual" title="Quest Visual">Quest Visual</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Word_Lens" title="Word Lens">Word Lens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Schemer" title="Google Schemer">Schemer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Spaces" title="Google Spaces">Spaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparrow_(email_client)" title="Sparrow (email client)">Sparrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Talk" title="Google Talk">Talk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Translate" title="Google Translate">Translate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Translator_Toolkit" title="Google Translator Toolkit">Translator Toolkit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Voice" title="Google Voice">Voice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GOOG-411" title="GOOG-411">Voice Local Search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Wave" title="Google Wave">Wave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Google_Search" title="Google Search">Search</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aardvark_(search_engine)" title="Aardvark (search engine)">Aardvark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Alerts" title="Google Alerts">Alerts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Answers" title="Google Answers">Answers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Base" title="Google Base">Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BeatThatQuote.com" title="BeatThatQuote.com">BeatThatQuote.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Blog_Search" title="Google Blog Search">Blog Search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Books</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Books_Ngram_Viewer" title="Google Books Ngram Viewer">Ngram Viewer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Code_Search" title="Google Code Search">Code Search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_Commons" title="Data Commons">Data Commons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Dataset_Search" title="Google Dataset Search">Dataset Search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Dictionary" title="Google Dictionary">Dictionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Directory" title="Google Directory">Directory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Fast_Flip" title="Google Fast Flip">Fast Flip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Flu_Trends" title="Google Flu Trends">Flu Trends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Finance" title="Google Finance">Finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Goggles" title="Google Goggles">Goggles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google.by" title="Google.by">Google.by</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Images" title="Google Images">Images</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Image_Labeler" title="Google Image Labeler">Image Labeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Image_Swirl" title="Google Image Swirl">Image Swirl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaltix" title="Kaltix">Kaltix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Knowledge_Graph" title="Google Knowledge Graph">Knowledge Graph</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freebase_(database)" title="Freebase (database)">Freebase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metaweb" title="Metaweb">Metaweb</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Like.com" title="Like.com">Like.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_News" title="Google News">News</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_News_Archive" title="Google News Archive">Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_News_%26_Weather" title="Google News & Weather">Weather</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Patents" title="Google Patents">Patents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_Cards" title="People Cards">People Cards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Personalized_Search" title="Google Personalized Search">Personalized Search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Public_Data_Explorer" title="Google Public Data Explorer">Public Data Explorer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Questions_and_Answers" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Questions and Answers">Questions and Answers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SafeSearch" title="SafeSearch">SafeSearch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Scholar" title="Google Scholar">Scholar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_SearchWiki" title="Google SearchWiki">Searchwiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Shopping" title="Google Shopping">Shopping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Catalogs" title="Google Catalogs">Catalogs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Express" title="Google Express">Express</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Squared" title="Google Squared">Squared</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenor_(website)" title="Tenor (website)">Tenor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Travel" title="Google Travel">Travel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Flights" title="Google Flights">Flights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Trends" title="Google Trends">Trends</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Insights_for_Search" title="Google Insights for Search">Insights for Search</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Voice_Search" title="Google Voice Search">Voice Search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WDYL_(search_engine)" title="WDYL (search engine)">WDYL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Navigation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth">Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endoxon" title="Endoxon">Endoxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ImageAmerica" title="ImageAmerica">ImageAmerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Maps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Latitude" title="Google Latitude">Latitude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Map_Maker" title="Google Map Maker">Map Maker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps_Navigation" title="Google Maps Navigation">Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps_pin" title="Google Maps pin">Pin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View" title="Google Street View">Street View</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Street_View_coverage" title="Google Street View coverage">Coverage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_View_Trusted" title="Street View Trusted">Trusted</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waze" title="Waze">Waze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Where_Is_My_Train" title="Where Is My Train">Where Is My Train</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Business and finance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Ad_Manager" title="Google Ad Manager">Ad Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AdMob" title="AdMob">AdMob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Ads" title="Google Ads">Ads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adscape" title="Adscape">Adscape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_AdSense" title="Google AdSense">AdSense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Attribution" title="Google Attribution">Attribution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BebaPay" title="BebaPay">BebaPay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Checkout" title="Google Checkout">Checkout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Contributor" title="Google Contributor">Contributor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DoubleClick" title="DoubleClick">DoubleClick</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Affiliate_Network" title="Google Affiliate Network">Affiliate Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invite_Media" title="Invite Media">Invite Media</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Analytics" title="Google Analytics">Marketing Platform</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Analytics" title="Google Analytics">Analytics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Looker_Studio" title="Looker Studio">Looker Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urchin_(software)" title="Urchin (software)">Urchin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pay_(mobile_app)" title="Google Pay (mobile app)">Pay (mobile app)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Wallet" title="Google Wallet">Wallet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pay_(payment_method)" title="Google Pay (payment method)">Pay (payment method)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pay_Send" title="Google Pay Send">Send</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tez_(software)" title="Tez (software)">Tez</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PostRank" title="PostRank">PostRank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Primer" title="Google Primer">Primer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softcard" title="Softcard">Softcard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildfire_Interactive" title="Wildfire Interactive">Wildfire Interactive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Widevine" title="Widevine">Widevine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organization and productivity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Bookmarks" title="Google Bookmarks">Bookmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Browser_Sync" title="Google Browser Sync">Browser Sync</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Calendar" title="Google Calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Search" title="Google Cloud Search">Cloud Search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Desktop" title="Google Desktop">Desktop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Drive" title="Google Drive">Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etherpad" title="Etherpad">Etherpad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fflick" title="Fflick">fflick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Files_(Google)" title="Files (Google)">Files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IGoogle" title="IGoogle">iGoogle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamboard" title="Jamboard">Jamboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Notebook" title="Google Notebook">Notebook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NotebookLM" title="NotebookLM">NotebookLM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_One" title="Google One">One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Photos" title="Google Photos">Photos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quickoffice" title="Quickoffice">Quickoffice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Quick_Search_Box" title="Google Quick Search Box">Quick Search Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Surveys" title="Google Surveys">Surveys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Sync" title="Google Sync">Sync</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Tasks" title="Google Tasks">Tasks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Toolbar" title="Google Toolbar">Toolbar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Google_Docs_Editors" title="Google Docs Editors">Docs Editors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Docs" title="Google Docs">Docs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Drawings" title="Google Drawings">Drawings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Forms" title="Google Forms">Forms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Fusion_Tables" title="Google Fusion Tables">Fusion Tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Keep" title="Google Keep">Keep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Sheets" title="Google Sheets">Sheets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Slides" title="Google Slides">Slides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Sites" title="Google Sites">Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Vids" title="Google Vids">Vids</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publishing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apture" title="Apture">Apture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blogger_(service)" title="Blogger (service)">Blogger</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pyra_Labs" title="Pyra Labs">Pyra Labs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Domains" title="Google Domains">Domains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FeedBurner" title="FeedBurner">FeedBurner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_One_Pass" title="Google One Pass">One Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Page_Creator" title="Google Page Creator">Page Creator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Sites" title="Google Sites">Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Web_Designer" title="Google Web Designer">Web Designer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Classroom" title="Google Classroom">Classroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grasshopper_(mobile_app)" title="Grasshopper (mobile app)">Grasshopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socratic_(Google)" title="Socratic (Google)">Socratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photomath" title="Photomath">Photomath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Read_Along" title="Read Along">Read Along</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toontastic_3D" title="Toontastic 3D">Toontastic 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Workspace" title="Google Workspace">Workspace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Workspace_Marketplace" title="Google Workspace Marketplace">Marketplace</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Account" title="Google Account">Account</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Dashboard" title="Google Dashboard">Dashboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Takeout" title="Google Takeout">Takeout</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Auto" title="Android Auto">Android Auto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_Beam" title="Android Beam">Android Beam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Arts_%26_Culture" title="Google Arts & Culture">Arts & Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Assistant" title="Google Assistant">Assistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Authenticator" title="Google Authenticator">Authenticator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZygoteBody" title="ZygoteBody">Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BufferBox" title="BufferBox">BufferBox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Building_Maker" title="Google Building Maker">Building Maker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BumpTop" title="BumpTop">BumpTop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cast" title="Google Cast">Cast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Print" title="Google Cloud Print">Cloud Print</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowdsource_(app)" title="Crowdsource (app)">Crowdsource</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Wellbeing" title="Digital Wellbeing">Digital Wellbeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Expeditions" title="Google Expeditions">Expeditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Family_Link" title="Google Family Link">Family Link</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Find_My_Device" title="Find My Device">Find My Device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Fit" title="Google Fit">Fit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Fonts" title="Google Fonts">Google Fonts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gboard" title="Gboard">Gboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemini_(chatbot)" title="Gemini (chatbot)">Gemini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Gesture_Search" title="Google Gesture Search">Gesture Search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impermium" title="Impermium">Impermium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knol" title="Knol">Knol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Lively" title="Google Lively">Lively</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_Transcribe" title="Live Transcribe">Live Transcribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MyTracks" title="MyTracks">MyTracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nearby_Share" title="Nearby Share">Nearby Share</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Now" title="Google Now">Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Offers" title="Google Offers">Offers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Opinion_Rewards" title="Google Opinion Rewards">Opinion Rewards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Person_Finder" title="Google Person Finder">Person Finder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poly_(website)" title="Poly (website)">Poly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Question_Hub" title="Google Question Hub">Question Hub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quick_Share" title="Quick Share">Quick Share</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Reader" title="Google Reader">Reader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Safe_Browsing" title="Google Safe Browsing">Safe Browsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Sidewiki" title="Google Sidewiki">Sidewiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SlickLogin" title="SlickLogin">SlickLogin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_Amplifier" title="Sound Amplifier">Sound Amplifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speech_Recognition_%26_Synthesis" title="Speech Recognition & Synthesis">Speech Recognition & Synthesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Station" title="Google Station">Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Store" title="Google Store">Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TalkBack" title="TalkBack">TalkBack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilt_Brush" title="Tilt Brush">Tilt Brush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_URL_Shortener" title="Google URL Shortener">URL Shortener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_Access" title="Voice Access">Voice Access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wavii" title="Wavii">Wavii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Web_Light" title="Google Web Light">Web Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_WiFi" title="Google WiFi">WiFi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Chrome</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome_App" title="Google Chrome App">Apps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromium_(web_browser)" title="Chromium (web browser)">Chromium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinosaur_Game" title="Dinosaur Game">Dinosaur Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GreenBorder" title="GreenBorder">GreenBorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrome_Remote_Desktop" title="Chrome Remote Desktop">Remote Desktop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrome_Web_Store" title="Chrome Web Store">Web Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V8_(JavaScript_engine)" title="V8 (JavaScript engine)">V8</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Images and photography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Camera" title="Pixel Camera">Camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Lens" title="Google Lens">Lens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snapseed" title="Snapseed">Snapseed</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nik_Software" title="Nik Software">Nik Software</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panoramio" title="Panoramio">Panoramio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Photos" title="Google Photos">Photos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picasa" title="Picasa">Picasa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Picasa_Web_Albums" title="Picasa Web Albums">Web Albums</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picnik" title="Picnik">Picnik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Hardware" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Hardware</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Smartphones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android_Dev_Phone" title="Android Dev Phone">Android Dev Phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android_One" title="Android One">Android One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Nexus" title="Google Nexus">Nexus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_One" title="Nexus One">Nexus One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_S" title="Nexus S">S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Nexus" title="Galaxy Nexus">Galaxy Nexus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_4" title="Nexus 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_5" title="Nexus 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_6" title="Nexus 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_5X" title="Nexus 5X">5X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_6P" title="Nexus 6P">6P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Google_Nexus_smartphones" title="Comparison of Google Nexus smartphones">Comparison</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pixel" title="Google Pixel">Pixel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_(1st_generation)" title="Pixel (1st generation)">Pixel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_2" title="Pixel 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_3" title="Pixel 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_3a" title="Pixel 3a">3a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_4" title="Pixel 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_4a" title="Pixel 4a">4a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_5" title="Pixel 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_5a" title="Pixel 5a">5a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_6" title="Pixel 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_6a" title="Pixel 6a">6a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_7" title="Pixel 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_7a" title="Pixel 7a">7a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Fold" title="Pixel Fold">Fold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_8" title="Pixel 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_8a" title="Pixel 8a">8a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_9" title="Pixel 9">Pixel 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_9_Pro_Fold" title="Pixel 9 Pro Fold">Pixel 9 Pro Fold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Google_Pixel_smartphones" title="Comparison of Google Pixel smartphones">Comparison</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Google_Play_edition_devices" title="List of Google Play edition devices">Play Edition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Ara" title="Project Ara">Project Ara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Laptops and tablets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chromebook" title="Chromebook">Chromebook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Nexus" title="Google Nexus">Nexus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_7_(2012)" title="Nexus 7 (2012)">7 (2012)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_7_(2013)" title="Nexus 7 (2013)">7 (2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_10" title="Nexus 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_9" title="Nexus 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Google_Nexus_tablets" title="Comparison of Google Nexus tablets">Comparison</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Pixel" title="Google Pixel">Pixel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chromebook_Pixel" title="Chromebook Pixel">Chromebook Pixel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixelbook" title="Pixelbook">Pixelbook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixelbook_Go" title="Pixelbook Go">Pixelbook Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_C" title="Pixel C">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Slate" title="Pixel Slate">Slate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Tablet" title="Pixel Tablet">Tablet</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wearables</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fitbit" title="Fitbit">Fitbit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Fitbit_products" title="List of Fitbit products">List of products</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Buds" title="Pixel Buds">Pixel Buds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Watch" title="Pixel Watch">Pixel Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Watch_2" title="Pixel Watch 2">Pixel Watch 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Watch_3" title="Pixel Watch 3">Pixel Watch 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Iris" title="Project Iris">Project Iris</a> (unreleased)</li> <li>Virtual reality <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cardboard" title="Google Cardboard">Cardboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Contact_Lens" title="Google Contact Lens">Contact Lens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Daydream" title="Google Daydream">Daydream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Glass" title="Google Glass">Glass</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chromebit" title="Chromebit">Chromebit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromebox" title="Chromebox">Chromebox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Clips" title="Google Clips">Clips</a></li> <li>Digital media players <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chromecast" title="Chromecast">Chromecast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_Player" title="Nexus Player">Nexus Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_Q" title="Nexus Q">Nexus Q</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dropcam" title="Dropcam">Dropcam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_Galaxy" title="Liquid Galaxy">Liquid Galaxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Nest" title="Google Nest">Nest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Nest_(smart_speakers)" title="Google Nest (smart speakers)">Smart Speakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nest_Thermostat" title="Nest Thermostat">Thermostat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nest_Wifi" title="Nest Wifi">Wifi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_OnHub" title="Google OnHub">OnHub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_Visual_Core" title="Pixel Visual Core">Pixel Visual Core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Search_Appliance" title="Google Search Appliance">Search Appliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sycamore_processor" title="Sycamore processor">Sycamore processor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Tensor" title="Google Tensor">Tensor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tensor_Processing_Unit" title="Tensor Processing Unit">Tensor Processing Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titan_Security_Key" title="Titan Security Key">Titan Security Key</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Google_litigation" title="Template:Google litigation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Google_litigation" title="Template talk:Google litigation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Google_litigation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Google litigation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Litigation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Google_litigation" title="Google litigation">Litigation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Advertising</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feldman_v._Google,_Inc." title="Feldman v. Google, Inc.">Feldman v. Google, Inc.</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rescuecom_Corp._v._Google_Inc." title="Rescuecom Corp. v. Google Inc.">Rescuecom Corp. v. Google Inc.</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goddard_v._Google,_Inc." title="Goddard v. Google, Inc.">Goddard v. Google, Inc.</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosetta_Stone_Ltd._v._Google,_Inc." title="Rosetta Stone Ltd. v. Google, Inc.">Rosetta Stone Ltd. v. Google, Inc.</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google,_Inc._v._American_Blind_%26_Wallpaper_Factory,_Inc." title="Google, Inc. v. American Blind & Wallpaper Factory, Inc.">Google, Inc. v. American Blind & Wallpaper Factory, Inc.</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jedi_Blue" title="Jedi Blue">Jedi Blue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antitrust</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antitrust_cases_against_Google_by_the_European_Union" title="Antitrust cases against Google by the European Union">European Union</a> (2010–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-Tech_Employee_Antitrust_Litigation" title="High-Tech Employee Antitrust Litigation">United States v. Adobe Systems, Inc., Apple Inc., Google Inc., Intel Corporation, Intuit, Inc., and Pixar</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umar_Javeed,_Sukarma_Thapar,_Aaqib_Javeed_vs._Google_LLC_and_Ors." title="Umar Javeed, Sukarma Thapar, Aaqib Javeed vs. Google LLC and Ors.">Umar Javeed, Sukarma Thapar, Aaqib Javeed vs. Google LLC and Ors.</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Google_LLC_(2020)" title="United States v. Google LLC (2020)">United States v. Google LLC</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Google_LLC_(2023)" title="United States v. Google LLC (2023)">United States v. Google LLC</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intellectual property</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perfect_10,_Inc._v._Amazon.com,_Inc." title="Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc.">Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc.</a> and A9.com Inc. and Google Inc. (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viacom_International_Inc._v._YouTube,_Inc." title="Viacom International Inc. v. YouTube, Inc.">Viacom International Inc. v. YouTube, Inc.</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenz_v._Universal_Music_Corp." title="Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.">Lenz v. Universal Music Corp.</a>(2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authors_Guild,_Inc._v._Google,_Inc." title="Authors Guild, Inc. v. Google, Inc.">Authors Guild, Inc. v. Google, Inc.</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_v._Google,_Inc." title="Field v. Google, Inc.">Field v. Google, Inc.</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_LLC_v._Oracle_America,_Inc." title="Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.">Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smartphone_patent_wars" title="Smartphone patent wars">Smartphone patent wars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Privacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_Bank_v._Google,_Inc." title="Rocky Mountain Bank v. Google, Inc.">Rocky Mountain Bank v. Google, Inc.</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hibnick_v._Google,_Inc." title="Hibnick v. Google, Inc.">Hibnick v. Google, Inc.</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Google_Inc." title="United States v. Google Inc.">United States v. Google Inc.</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judgement_of_the_German_Federal_Court_of_Justice_on_Google%27s_autocomplete_function" title="Judgement of the German Federal Court of Justice on Google's autocomplete function">Judgement of the German Federal Court of Justice on Google's autocomplete function</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joffe_v._Google,_Inc." title="Joffe v. Google, Inc.">Joffe v. Google, Inc.</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosley_v_SARL_Google" title="Mosley v SARL Google">Mosley v SARL Google</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Spain_v_AEPD_and_Mario_Costeja_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Google Spain v AEPD and Mario Costeja González">Google Spain v AEPD and Mario Costeja González</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_v._Gaos" title="Frank v. Gaos">Frank v. Gaos</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garcia_v._Google,_Inc." title="Garcia v. Google, Inc.">Garcia v. Google, Inc.</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_LLC_v_Defteros" title="Google LLC v Defteros">Google LLC v Defteros</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_Games_v._Google" title="Epic Games v. Google">Epic Games v. Google</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalez_v._Google_LLC" title="Gonzalez v. Google LLC">Gonzalez v. Google LLC</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Google_litigation" title="Category:Google litigation">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Related" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terms and phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_be_evil" title="Don't be evil">Don't be evil</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gayglers" title="Gayglers">Gayglers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_(verb)" title="Google (verb)">Google (verb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_bombing" title="Google bombing">Google bombing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_Google_bombs_in_the_2004_U.S._presidential_election" title="Political Google bombs in the 2004 U.S. presidential election">2004 U.S. presidential election</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_effect" title="Google effect">Google effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Googlefight" title="Googlefight">Googlefight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_hacking" title="Google hacking">Google hacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Googleshare" title="Googleshare">Googleshare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_tax" title="Google tax">Google tax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Googlewhack" title="Googlewhack">Googlewhack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Googlization" title="Googlization">Googlization</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Illegal_flower_tribute" title="Illegal flower tribute">Illegal flower tribute</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rooting_(Android)" title="Rooting (Android)">Rooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Search_engine_manipulation_effect" title="Search engine manipulation effect">Search engine manipulation effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitelink" title="Sitelink">Sitelink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Site_reliability_engineering" title="Site reliability engineering">Site reliability engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_poop" title="YouTube poop">YouTube poop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Documentary_films_about_Google" title="Category:Documentary films about Google">Documentaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AlphaGo_(film)" title="AlphaGo (film)">AlphaGo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Behind_the_Screen" title="Google Behind the Screen">Google: Behind the Screen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps_Road_Trip" title="Google Maps Road Trip">Google Maps Road Trip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_and_the_World_Brain" title="Google and the World Brain">Google and the World Brain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Creepy_Line" title="The Creepy Line">The Creepy Line</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Books_about_Google" title="Category:Books about Google">Books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Hacks" title="Google Hacks">Google Hacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Google_Story" title="The Google Story">The Google Story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Volume_One" title="Google Volume One">Google Volume One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Googled:_The_End_of_the_World_as_We_Know_It" title="Googled: The End of the World as We Know It">Googled: The End of the World as We Know It</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/How_Google_Works" title="How Google Works">How Google Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%27m_Feeling_Lucky_(book)" title="I'm Feeling Lucky (book)">I'm Feeling Lucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_the_Plex" title="In the Plex">In the Plex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Google_Book" title="The Google Book">The Google Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_MANIAC" title="The MANIAC">The MANIAC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Feud" title="Google Feud">Google Feud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Me_(film)" title="Google Me (film)">Google Me (film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Me_(Kim_Zolciak_song)" title="Google Me (Kim Zolciak song)">"Google Me" (Kim Zolciak song)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Me_(Teyana_Taylor_song)" title="Google Me (Teyana Taylor song)">"Google Me" (Teyana Taylor song)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Is_Google_Making_Us_Stupid%3F" title="Is Google Making Us Stupid?">Is Google Making Us Stupid?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proceratium_google" title="Proceratium google">Proceratium google</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Nathanson:_Live_at_Google" title="Matt Nathanson: Live at Google">Matt Nathanson: Live at Google</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Billion_Dollar_Code" title="The Billion Dollar Code">The Billion Dollar Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Internship" title="The Internship">The Internship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Where_on_Google_Earth_is_Carmen_Sandiego%3F" title="Where on Google Earth is Carmen Sandiego?">Where on Google Earth is Carmen Sandiego?</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Attention_Is_All_You_Need" title="Attention Is All You Need">Attention Is All You Need</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ElgooG" title="ElgooG">elgooG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predictions_of_the_end_of_Google" title="Predictions of the end of Google">Predictions of the end</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Registry" title="Google Registry">Registry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.app_(top-level_domain)" title=".app (top-level domain)">.app (top-level domain)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.dev" title=".dev">.dev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.co" title="G.co">g.co</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.google" title=".google">.google</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pimp_My_Search" title="Pimp My Search">Pimp My Search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relationship_between_Google_and_Wikipedia" title="Relationship between Google and Wikipedia">Relationship with Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sensorvault" title="Sensorvault">Sensorvault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanford_Digital_Library_Project" title="Stanford Digital Library Project">Stanford Digital Library Project</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Italics indicate <a href="/wiki/List_of_Google_products#Discontinued_products_and_services" title="List of Google products">discontinued products or services</a>.</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Google" title="Category:Google">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Google" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Google">Commons</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Google" title="Outline of Google">Outline</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/72/Symbol_project_class.svg/16px-Symbol_project_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/72/Symbol_project_class.svg/23px-Symbol_project_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/72/Symbol_project_class.svg/31px-Symbol_project_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Google" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Google">WikiProject</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Android_version_history&oldid=1259457926">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Android_version_history&oldid=1259457926</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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