CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Arkansas - Wikisource, the free online library</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikisourcemwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"c4c77a6e-aee9-4a59-ae83-0766a17e7c09","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Encyclopædia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas","wgTitle":"Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Arkansas","wgCurRevisionId":12113663,"wgRevisionId":12113663,"wgArticleId":1191256,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false, "wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Subpages","Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition","EB9:Regions:U.S.A.","EB9:Rivers:North America","EB9:Typos"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Encyclopædia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas","wgRelevantArticleId":1191256,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikisource","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":600,"prpProofreadPageBookNamespaces":[0,0,114],"prpSourceIndexPage": "Index:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 2.djvu","wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":false,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q124006116","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"]};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.Site-styles":"ready","ext.gadget.MoreMenu-local-pagestyles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","oojs-ui-core.styles":"ready","oojs-ui.styles.indicators":"ready","mediawiki.widgets.styles":"ready","oojs-ui-core.icons":"ready","ext.wikisource.icons":"ready","ext.proofreadpage.base":"ready","ext.proofreadpage.article":"ready","skins.vector.styles.legacy":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript": "ready","codex-search-styles":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.wikisource.download","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.legacy.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.Easy_LST","ext.gadget.Fill_Index","ext.gadget.IndexFormTools","ext.gadget.Site","ext.gadget.PageNumbers","ext.gadget.MoreMenu-local","ext.gadget.PurgeTab","ext.gadget.interwiki-transclusion","ext.gadget.extra-toolbar-buttons","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.checkUser.clientHints","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=codex-search-styles%7Cext.proofreadpage.article%2Cbase%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikisource.icons%7Cmediawiki.widgets.styles%7Coojs-ui-core.icons%2Cstyles%7Coojs-ui.styles.indicators%7Cskins.vector.styles.legacy%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.gadget.MoreMenu-local-pagestyles%2CSite-styles&only=styles&skin=vector"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Arkansas - Wikisource, the free online library"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikisource.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas&action=edit"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikisource.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikisource (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikisource.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikisource Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin-vector-legacy mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Encyclopædia_Britannica_Ninth_Edition_Arkansas rootpage-Encyclopædia_Britannica_Ninth_Edition skin-vector action-view"><div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-~ext-wikisource-download" class="mw-indicator"><span id='ooui-php-1' class='ext-wikisource-download-button oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-framed oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-flaggedElement-primary oo-ui-flaggedElement-progressive oo-ui-buttonWidget' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonWidget","href":"https:\/\/ws-export.wmcloud.org\/?format=epub&lang=en&page=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica%2C_Ninth_Edition%2FArkansas","rel":["nofollow"],"label":"Download","title":"Download an EPUB version of this work","flags":["primary","progressive"],"data":{"wsExportUrl":"https:\/\/ws-export.wmcloud.org"},"classes":["ext-wikisource-download-button"]}'><a role='button' title='Download an EPUB version of this work' tabindex='0' href='https://ws-export.wmcloud.org/?format=epub&lang=en&page=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica%2C_Ninth_Edition%2FArkansas' rel='nofollow' class='oo-ui-buttonElement-button'><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-iconElement-noIcon oo-ui-image-invert'></span><span class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'>Download</span><span class='oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-invert'></span></a></span></div> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Arkansas</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikisource</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="subpages">< <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition</a></bdi></div><table class="pr_quality" title="1 validated page, 2 only proofread pages and 0 not proofread pages"><tr><td class="quality4" style="width: 33.333333333333%;"></td><td class="quality3" style="width: 66.666666666667%;"></td><td class="quality2" style="width: 0%;"></td><td class="quality1" style="width: 0%;"></td><td class="quality0" style="width: 0%;"></td><td class="qualitye" style="width: 0%;"></td></tr></table></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="ws-noexport"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r14666768">.mw-parser-output .wst-header .wst-header-mainblock{border:1px solid #ACA;background-color:#E6F2E6;color:#202122}.mw-parser-output .wst-header .wst-header-notes{border-bottom:1px solid #A0A0A0;background-color:#FAFAFF;color:#202122}.mw-parser-output .wst-header .contributor-text{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .wst-header #header-title-text{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .wst-header #ws-data{display:none}.mw-parser-output .wst-header #ws-data.ws-data-show{display:block}.mw-parser-output .wst-header .wst-header-missing-params{margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;border-top:1px solid #CCC;border-right:1px solid #CCC;border-bottom:1px hidden transparent;border-left:1px solid #CCC;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .wst-header .wst-header-missing-params .error{font-size:90%;font-weight:bold}</style></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r14182871">.mw-parser-output .wst-header-mainblock{margin:4px auto 4px auto;padding:0 3px;display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-back,.mw-parser-output .wst-header-forward{display:flex;flex:1 4 100%;min-width:min-content;align-items:center;font-size:.9em}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-nav-empty{visibility:hidden}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-back{justify-content:flex-start;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-central-cell{flex:4 1 100%;max-width:max-content;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-forward{justify-content:flex-end;text-align:right}@media(max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .wst-header-mainblock{flex-wrap:wrap}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-central-cell{flex:0 0 100%;order:-2;width:auto}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-back,.mw-parser-output .wst-header-forward{width:auto}}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-notes{display:inline-block;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;empty-cells:hide;font-size:.9em;line-height:1.4;margin:0 auto 4px auto;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-left{float:left}</style><div class="ws-header wst-header-structure wst-unknown wst-header ws-header ws-noexport noprint dynlayout-exempt"><div class="wst-header-mainblock wst-unknown-mainblock headertemplate"><div class="wst-header-back searchaux wst-unknown-back"><div class="wst-header-back-arrow">←</div><div class="wst-header-back-link"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Ark_of_the_Covenant" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Ark of the Covenant">Ark of the Covenant</a></div></div><div class="wst-header-central-cell wst-unknown-central-cell"><span class="wst-header-title wst-unknown-title"><span id="header-title-text"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition</a>, <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Volume_II" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Volume II">Volume II</a></span><div class="header-section-text">Arkansas</div></span></div><div class="wst-header-forward searchaux wst-unknown-forward"><div class="wst-header-forward-link"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arklow" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Arklow">Arklow</a></div><div class="wst-header-forward-arrow">→</div></div></div><div class="wst-header-notes header_notes searchaux wst-unknown-notes"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r14321584">.mw-parser-output .plainSister{display:block;font-size:93%;line-height:normal;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none;list-style-position:outside;border:1px solid #AAA;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5ex 0 0.5ex 0.5ex;padding:0;background:#FFFFFF;color:#202122}.mw-parser-output .sisicon,.mw-parser-output .dabicon{padding-right:1ex}</style><ul class="plainSister"><li class="sisitem"><span class="sisicon"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Special:SiteMatrix" title="Special:SiteMatrix"><img alt="Sister Projects" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/18px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/27px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/36px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></span><a href="/wiki/Special:SiteMatrix" title="Special:SiteMatrix">sister projects</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" class="extiw" title="w:Arkansas">Wikipedia article</a>, <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Arkansas" class="extiw" title="q:Arkansas">quotes</a>, <a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Arkansas" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Arkansas">news</a>, <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Arkansas" class="extiw" title="voy:Arkansas">travel guide</a>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124006116" class="extiw" title="d:Q124006116">Wikidata item</a></li></ul><div class="wst-header-content header_notes_content wst-header-notes-content wst-unknown-notes-content"> <p><b>See also</b> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" class="extiw" title="w:Arkansas">Arkansas</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas_River" class="extiw" title="w:Arkansas River">Arkansas River</a> on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="extiw" title="w:Main Page">Wikipedia</a>; <a href="/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Arkansas" title="1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Arkansas">Arkansas</a> in the <a href="/wiki/EB11" class="mw-redirect" title="EB11">11th Edition</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/Wikisource:Project_disclaimers/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition" title="Wikisource:Project disclaimers/Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition">disclaimer</a>. </p> </div></div><div class="ws-noexport" id="ws-data" style="speak:none"><span id="ws-article-id">1191256</span><span id="ws-title"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition</a>, <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Volume_II" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Volume II">Volume II</a> — Arkansas</span></div></div> <div class="prp-pages-output" lang="en"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r14355691/mw-parser-output/.prp-pages-output">.mw-parser-output .prp-pages-output .wst-rh>div{font-size:120%;font-variant:all-small-caps}.mw-parser-output .prp-pages-output .wst-rh>div:nth-child(2){letter-spacing:0.5em;font-variant:normal}</style><span><span class="pagenum ws-pagenum" id="539" data-page-number="539" data-page-name="Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 2.djvu/601" data-page-index="601" data-page-quality="3" title="Page:Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition,_v._2.djvu/601"><span id="pageindex_601" class="pagenum-inner ws-noexport"></span></span></span><div style="margin-left:0em; text-indent:1em;"><span style="font-size: 120%;"><b>ARKANSAS</b></span>, one of the south-western <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/State&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/State (page does not exist)">states</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/United_States" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/United States">North American Union</a>, situated between <abbr title="latitude"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Latitude" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Latitude">lat.</a></abbr> 33° and 36° 30′ <abbr title="North">N.</abbr>, and <abbr title="longitude"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Longitude" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Longitude">long.</a></abbr> 89° 45′, and 94° 40′ <abbr title="West">W.</abbr>, with an area of 52,198 square miles. It is bounded <abbr title="North">N.</abbr> by <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Missouri" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Missouri">Missouri</a>, <abbr title="East">E.</abbr> by <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Tennessee" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Tennessee">Tennessee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Mississippi_(American_state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Mississippi (American state)">Mississippi</a>, from which it is separated by the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Mississippi_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>, <abbr title="South">S.</abbr> by <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Louisiana" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, and <abbr title="West">W.</abbr> by the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Indian_Territory" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Indian Territory">Indian territory</a>. It belongs to the great basin of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Mississippi_(river)" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Mississippi (river)">Mississippi</a>, being watered by that river and by several of its main tributaries, which are all more or less navigable. Of these the principal are the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/St_Francis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/St Francis (page does not exist)">St Francis</a>, in the north-east; the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/White_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/White River (page does not exist)">White River</a> with its affluents, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Cache&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Cache (page does not exist)">Cache</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Little_Red&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Little Red (page does not exist)">Little Red</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Black_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Black River (page does not exist)">Black Rivers</a> in the north; and notably the <a href="#River">Arkansas</a>, which, entering the state at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Fort_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Fort Smith (page does not exist)">Fort Smith</a>, traverses it in a south-easterly direction until it joins the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Mississippi_(river)" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Mississippi (river)">Mississippi</a> at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Napoleon_(American_town)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Napoleon (American town) (page does not exist)">Napoleon</a>. The southern part of the state is watered by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Washita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Washita (page does not exist)">Washita</a> in the east, and by a bend of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Red_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Red River (page does not exist)">Red River</a>  <span><span class="pagenum ws-pagenum" id="540" data-page-number="540" data-page-name="Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 2.djvu/602" data-page-index="602" data-page-quality="3" title="Page:Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition,_v._2.djvu/602"><span id="pageindex_602" class="pagenum-inner ws-noexport"></span></span></span>in the west. The eastern part of the state, bordering on the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Mississippi_(river)" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Mississippi (river)">Mississippi</a>, is low and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Swamp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Swamp (page does not exist)">swampy</a>, and is annually overflowed. Westward the country gradually attains a greater elevation, passing off into <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Hill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Hill (page does not exist)">hills</a> and undulating <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Prairie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Prairie (page does not exist)">prairies</a>, which lead up to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Ozark_Mountains&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Ozark Mountains (page does not exist)">Ozark Mountains</a>, beyond which, again, an elevated <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Plain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Plain (page does not exist)">plain</a> stretches towards the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Rocky_Mountains&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Rocky Mountains (page does not exist)">Rocky Mountains</a>.</div> <table align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EB9_Arkansas_-_sketch_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/EB9_Arkansas_-_sketch_map.jpg/350px-EB9_Arkansas_-_sketch_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="366" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/EB9_Arkansas_-_sketch_map.jpg/525px-EB9_Arkansas_-_sketch_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/EB9_Arkansas_-_sketch_map.jpg/700px-EB9_Arkansas_-_sketch_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1220" data-file-height="1276" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><small>Sketch Map of Arkansas.</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Ozark_Mountains&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Ozark Mountains (page does not exist)">Ozark Mountains</a> do not exceed 2000 feet in height, and the only other great masses of elevation are the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Black_Hills&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Black Hills (page does not exist)">Black Hills</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Washita_Hills&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Washita Hills (page does not exist)">Washita Hills</a>. A <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Geology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Geology (page does not exist)">geological</a> survey of the whole territory was commenced at the state expense by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Author:David_D._Owen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Author:David D. Owen (page does not exist)">Dr David D. Owen</a>, in 1857, and two volumes of Reports were published in 1858 and 1860. In the district north of the <a href="#River">Arkansas River</a>, the three leading formations are the “mill-stone <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Grit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Grit (page does not exist)">grit</a>, with its associate <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Shale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Shale (page does not exist)">shales</a> and conglomerate; the subcarboniferous <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Limestone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Limestone (page does not exist)">limestone</a> and its associate <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Chert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Chert (page does not exist)">chert</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Shale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Shale (page does not exist)">shales</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Sandstone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Sandstone (page does not exist)">sandstones</a>; and the magnesian <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Limestone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Limestone (page does not exist)">limestones</a>, and their associate <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Sandstone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Sandstone (page does not exist)">sandstones</a>, calciferous sand-rocks and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Chert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Chert (page does not exist)">chert</a>, belonging to the lower Silurian period.” The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Minerals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Minerals (page does not exist)">mineral products</a> are reported to be very considerable, “including <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Zinc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Zinc (page does not exist)">zinc</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Manganese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Manganese (page does not exist)">manganese</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Iron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Iron (page does not exist)">iron</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Lead&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Lead (page does not exist)">lead</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Copper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Copper (page does not exist)">copper</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Marble&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Marble (page does not exist)">marble</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Whetstone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Whetstone (page does not exist)">whet</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Whetstone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Whetstone (page does not exist)">hone stones</a>, rock-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Crystal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Crystal (page does not exist)">crystal</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Paint&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Paint (page does not exist)">paints</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Nitre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Nitre (page does not exist)">nitre</a>-earths, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Kaolin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Kaolin (page does not exist)">kaolin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Granite" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Granite">granite</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Freestone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Freestone (page does not exist)">freestone</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Limestone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Limestone (page does not exist)">limestone</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Marl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Marl (page does not exist)">marls</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Greensand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Greensand (page does not exist)">greensand</a>, marly <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Limestone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Limestone (page does not exist)">limestones</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Grindstone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Grindstone (page does not exist)">grindstones</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Slate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Slate (page does not exist)">slate</a>.” The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Zinc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Zinc (page does not exist)">zinc</a> ores are said to compare very favourably with those of Silesia, while the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Silver&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Silver (page does not exist)">argentiferous</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Galena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Galena (page does not exist)">galena</a> produces a high average percentage of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Silver&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Silver (page does not exist)">silver</a>. Of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Coal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Coal (page does not exist)">coal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Anthracite" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Anthracite">anthracite</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Lignite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Lignite (page does not exist)">lignite</a>, there are abundant supplies. A great number of mineral and thermal <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Springs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Springs (page does not exist)">springs</a> occur in various parts of the state, the most remarkable and most frequented groups lying to the south of the <a href="#River">Arkansas</a> in Hot Springs county. The heat of several attains 146° or 148° <abbr title="Fahrenheit">Fahr.</abbr> Among what are called natural curiosities may be mentioned the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Sandstone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Sandstone (page does not exist)">sandstone</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Dam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Dam (page does not exist)">dam</a> across Lee's Creek in Crawfurd <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/County&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/County (page does not exist)">county</a>, the Mammoth Spring in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Fulton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Fulton (page does not exist)">Fulton</a>, which is supposed to have underground connection with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Howel%27s_Valley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Howel's Valley (page does not exist)">Howel's Valley</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Missouri_(American_state)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Missouri (American state) (page does not exist)">Missouri</a>, and is said to pour forth its water “at the rate of 8000 (?) barrels per minute,” the Bee Rock in White <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/County&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/County (page does not exist)">county</a>, and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Crystal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Crystal (page does not exist)">crystalline</a> productions of Magnet Cove. It need hardly be said that there is great variety of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Soil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Soil (page does not exist)">soil</a> in such a state as Arkansas. Along the river “bottoms” the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Alluvium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Alluvium (page does not exist)">alluvium</a> is dark, rich, and deep, and yields excellent crops. The chief crops cultivated are <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Maize&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Maize (page does not exist)">maize</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Wheat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Wheat (page does not exist)">wheat</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Cotton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Cotton (page does not exist)">cotton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Tobacco" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Tobacco">tobacco</a>, as well as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Apple&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Apple (page does not exist)">apples</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Fruit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Fruit (page does not exist)">other fruits</a>. There is a natural <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Plants&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Plants (page does not exist)">flora</a> of great richness, a complete list of which is given in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Author:David_D._Owen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Author:David D. Owen (page does not exist)">Dr Owen</a>'s second report. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Tree&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Tree (page does not exist)">trees</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Shrub&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Shrub (page does not exist)">shrubs</a> most frequently occurring are <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Poplar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Poplar (page does not exist)">poplars</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Oak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Oak (page does not exist)">oaks</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Pine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Pine (page does not exist)">pines</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Sweet-gum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Sweet-gum (page does not exist)">sweet-gum</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Sycamore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Sycamore (page does not exist)">sycamore</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Black_Locust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Black Locust (page does not exist)">black locust</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Ash_(tree)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Ash (tree) (page does not exist)">ash</a>, <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Elm" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Elm">elm</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Hickory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Hickory (page does not exist)">hickory</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Dogwood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Dogwood (page does not exist)">dogwood</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Elder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Elder (page does not exist)">elder</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Palma-christi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Palma-christi (page does not exist)">palma-christi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Black_Spice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Black Spice (page does not exist)">black spice</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Papaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Papaw (page does not exist)">papaw</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Mockernut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Mockernut (page does not exist)">mockernut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Grape" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Grape">wild vine</a>, <abbr title="Latin: et cetera, ... and others">&c.</abbr> The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Animals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Animals (page does not exist)">fauna</a> of Arkansas includes the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Buffalo" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Buffalo">buffalo</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Eland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Eland (page does not exist)">eland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Red_Deer" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Red Deer">red-deer</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Beaver&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Beaver (page does not exist)">beaver</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Otter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Otter (page does not exist)">otter</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Hare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Hare (page does not exist)">hare</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Racoon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Racoon (page does not exist)">racoon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Turkey_(bird)" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Turkey (bird)">wild turkey</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Goose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Goose (page does not exist)">goose</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Quail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Quail (page does not exist)">quail</a>, as well as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Bear&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Bear (page does not exist)">bears</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Wolf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Wolf (page does not exist)">wolves</a> among the mountains. The <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Climate" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Climate">climate</a> of the lower districts is decidedly unhealthy, largely on account of the lack of wholesome water; but in the upper regions it is quite salubrious. Hitherto Arkansas has been mainly <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Agriculture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Agriculture (page does not exist)">agricultural</a>, but it is rapidly advancing in the development of its <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Minerals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Minerals (page does not exist)">mineral wealth</a>, in the extension of its <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Railway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Railway (page does not exist)">railway communication</a>, in the embankment and guidance of its <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/River" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/River">rivers</a>, in the reclaiming of its waste but fertile lands, in the progress of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Manufacture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Manufacture (page does not exist)">manufactures</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Industry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Industry (page does not exist)">industries</a>, and in the establishment of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Education&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Education (page does not exist)">educational</a> and <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Charity" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Charity">benevolent institutions</a>. At the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Census&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Census (page does not exist)">census</a> of 1870 the population amounted to 484,471, comprising 362,115 <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/United_States#Population" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/United States">whites</a> and 122,169 <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/United_States#Population" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/United States">coloured persons</a>. In 1860 the population amounted to 435,450, so that an increase of more than 10 per <abbr title="Latin: centum">cent.</abbr> has taken place between these two periods, principally in the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/United_States#Population" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/United States">white population</a>. The capital is <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Little_Rock" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Little Rock">Little Rock</a>, originally a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/France&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/France (page does not exist)">French</a> settlement, situated on the <a href="#River">Arkansas River</a>, and occupying a very central position in the state; population, 18,000. Arkansas was first colonised by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/France&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/France (page does not exist)">French</a>, in the 17th century, and in 1720 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Louis_XV.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Louis XV. (page does not exist)">Louis XV.</a> made a grant of land on the Arkansas to the well-known <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Law,_John&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Law, John (page does not exist)">John Law</a>, but this led to no results of importance. In 1763 the territory was handed over to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Spain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Spain (page does not exist)">Spain</a>, but returned to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/France&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/France (page does not exist)">France</a> in 1800. In 1803 it was purchased by the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/United_States" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/United States">United States</a>, along with the rest of what was then called <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Louisiana" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, and was established as a separate non-<a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/American_Indians" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/American Indians">Indian</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Territory (page does not exist)">territory</a> in 1819. It was received into the Union as a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Slave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Slave (page does not exist)">slave</a> state in 1836; and during the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/American_Civil_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/American Civil War (page does not exist)">American Civil War</a>, 1861-65, its Convention sided with the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Confederate_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Confederate States (page does not exist)">Confederate States</a>, joining that organisation May 6, 1861. <span id="River"></span><span id="Arkansas_River"></span> </p> <div style="text-indent:1em"> <p><span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps;">Arkansas</span>, a <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/River" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/River">river</a> of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/North_America&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/North America (page does not exist)">North America</a>, which rises in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Rocky_Mountains&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Rocky Mountains (page does not exist)">Rocky Mountains</a>, in <abbr title="latitude"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Latitude" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Latitude">lat.</a></abbr> 39° <abbr title="North">N.</abbr>, <abbr title="longitude"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Longitude" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Longitude">long.</a></abbr> 106° <abbr title="West">W.</abbr>, 10,000 feet above the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Sea_Level&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Sea Level (page does not exist)">level of the sea</a>, flows with a generally eastward direction through <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Colorado_(American_state)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Colorado (American state) (page does not exist)">Colorado</a> and part of <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Kansas" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Kansas">Kansas</a>, then turns to the south-east, and so proceeds through the rest of <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Kansas" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Kansas">Kansas</a>, the north-east part of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Indian_Territory" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Indian Territory">Indian territory</a>, and the state to which it gives its name, and finally falls into the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Mississippi_(river)" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Mississippi (river)">Mississippi</a> at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Napoleon_(American_town)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Napoleon (American town) (page does not exist)">Napoleon</a> in <abbr title="latitude"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Latitude" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Latitude">lat.</a></abbr> 33° 40′ <abbr title="North">N.</abbr> The length of its course is stated at 2170 miles, and its drainage-area at 178,000 square miles. It receives a large number of tributaries, of which the most important are the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Cimarron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Cimarron (page does not exist)">Cimarron</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Rio_Nutria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Rio Nutria (page does not exist)">Rio Nutria</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Canadian_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Canadian River (page does not exist)">Canadian River</a>. It is navigable for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Steamboat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Steamboat (page does not exist)">steamboats</a> of about 4 feet draught 40 miles above <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Little_Rock" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Little Rock">Little Rock</a>, and during <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Flood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Flood (page does not exist)">flood</a> for some 150 miles further to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Fort_Gibson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Fort Gibson (page does not exist)">Fort Gibson</a>. </p> </div> <p>  </p> </div> <div class="prp-pages-output" lang="en"> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r14355691/mw-parser-output/.prp-pages-output"><span><span class="pagenum ws-pagenum" id="Plate_A._Arkansas." data-page-number="Plate A. Arkansas." data-page-name="Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 2.djvu/600" data-page-index="600" data-page-quality="4" title="Page:Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition,_v._2.djvu/600"><span id="pageindex_600" class="pagenum-inner ws-noexport"></span></span></span> </p> <table align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center" colspan="3"><span style="line-height:1.50em;display:inline-block;font-size:120%;">ARKANSAS</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td width="20%"><i>VOL.II.</i> </td> <td width="60%" align="center"><small>[<i>Compiled according to Census of</i> 1880 <i>and latest surveys.</i>]</small> </td> <td width="20%" align="right"><i>PLATE A.</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EB9_Arkansas_-_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/EB9_Arkansas_-_map.jpg/700px-EB9_Arkansas_-_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="700" height="511" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/EB9_Arkansas_-_map.jpg/1050px-EB9_Arkansas_-_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/EB9_Arkansas_-_map.jpg/1400px-EB9_Arkansas_-_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3665" data-file-height="2673" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="3"><small>ENCYLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA, NINTH EDITION.</small> </td></tr></tbody></table>  </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Encyclopædia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas&oldid=12113663">https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Encyclopædia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas&oldid=12113663</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition" title="Category:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:EB9:Regions:U.S.A." title="Category:EB9:Regions:U.S.A.">EB9:Regions:U.S.A.</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:EB9:Rivers:North_America" title="Category:EB9:Rivers:North America">EB9:Rivers:North America</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:EB9:Typos" title="Category:EB9:Typos">EB9:Typos</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden category: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Subpages" title="Category:Subpages">Subpages</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-navigation"> <h2>Navigation menu</h2> <div id="mw-head"> <nav id="p-personal" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal vector-user-menu-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label" > <h3 id="p-personal-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Personal tools</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anonuserpage" class="mw-list-item"><span title="The user page for the IP address you are editing as">Not logged in</span></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li><li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%2C+Ninth+Edition%2FArkansas" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%2C+Ninth+Edition%2FArkansas" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o"><span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav id="p-namespaces" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-namespaces vector-menu-tabs vector-menu-tabs-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-namespaces-label" > <h3 id="p-namespaces-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Namespaces</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Page</span></a></li><li id="ca-proofread-source" class="mw-list-item"><a title="Scanned edition used to establish this text" href="/wiki/Index:Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition,_v._2.djvu"><span>Source</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion about the content page (page does not exist) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-variants" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet vector-menu-dropdown vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-variants-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-variants" class="vector-menu-checkbox" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" > <label id="p-variants-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation"> <nav id="p-views" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-views vector-menu-tabs vector-menu-tabs-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-views-label" > <h3 id="p-views-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Views</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-cactions" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-menu-dropdown vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-cactions-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-cactions" class="vector-menu-checkbox" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" > <label id="p-cactions-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">More</span> </label> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </nav> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <h3 >Search</h3> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="vector-search-box-form"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="vector-search-box-inner" data-search-loc="header-navigation"> <input class="vector-search-box-input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikisource" aria-label="Search Wikisource" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikisource [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> <input id="mw-searchButton" class="searchButton mw-fallbackSearchButton" type="submit" name="fulltext" title="Search the pages for this text" value="Search"> <input id="searchButton" class="searchButton" type="submit" name="go" title="Go to a page with this exact name if it exists" value="Go"> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-panel" class="vector-legacy-sidebar"> <div id="p-logo" role="banner"> <a class="mw-wiki-logo" href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page"></a> </div> <nav id="p-navigation" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-navigation-label" > <h3 id="p-navigation-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Navigation</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main Page</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource:Community_portal" title="About the project, what you can do, where to find things"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-scriptorium" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource:Scriptorium"><span>Central discussion</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes in the wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-subjectindex" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Portals"><span>Subject index</span></a></li><li id="n-categoryauthors" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Category:Authors_by_alphabetical_order"><span>Authors</span></a></li><li id="n-randomwork" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RandomRootpage/Main"><span>Random work</span></a></li><li id="n-randomauthor" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RandomRootpage/Author"><span>Random author</span></a></li><li id="n-randomindex" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RandomRootpage/Index"><span>Random transcription</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="The place to find out"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-sitesupport" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikisource.org&uselang=en" title="Support us"><span>Donate</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-do" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-do emptyPortlet vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-do-label" > <h3 id="p-do-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Display Options</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-tb" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-tb-label" > <h3 id="p-tb-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Tools</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas" title="A list of all wiki pages that link here [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas&oldid=12113663" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica%2C_Ninth_Edition%2FArkansas&id=12113663&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FEncyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica%2C_Ninth_Edition%2FArkansas"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FEncyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica%2C_Ninth_Edition%2FArkansas"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading-label" > <h3 id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Print/export</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li><li id="wikisource-download-epub" class="mw-list-item"><a title="Download an EPUB version of this work" href="https://ws-export.wmcloud.org/?format=epub&lang=en&page=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica%2C_Ninth_Edition%2FArkansas"><span>Download EPUB</span></a></li><li id="wikisource-download-mobi" class="mw-list-item"><a title="Download a MOBI version of this work" href="https://ws-export.wmcloud.org/?format=mobi&lang=en&page=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica%2C_Ninth_Edition%2FArkansas"><span>Download MOBI</span></a></li><li id="wikisource-download-pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a title="Download a PDF version of this work" href="https://ws-export.wmcloud.org/?format=pdf&lang=en&page=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica%2C_Ninth_Edition%2FArkansas"><span>Download PDF</span></a></li><li id="wikisource-download-choose" class="mw-list-item"><a title="Open a form to choose other formats and fonts etc." href="https://ws-export.wmcloud.org/?lang=en&title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica%2C_Ninth_Edition%2FArkansas"><span>Other formats</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" > <h3 id="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In other projects</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q124006116" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-lang" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" > <h3 id="p-lang-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In other languages</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span><span class="wb-langlinks-add wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q124006116#sitelinks-wikisource" title="Add interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Add links</a></span></div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 31 January 2022, at 05:57.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy Policy.</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource:About">About Wikisource</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikisource.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Arkansas&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("This page is using the deprecated ResourceLoader module \"codex-search-styles\".\n[1.43] Use a CodexModule with codexComponents to set your specific components used: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Codex#Using_a_limited_subset_of_components");mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-c2jr9","wgBackendResponseTime":151,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.175","walltime":"0.312","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2785,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":51774,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":7320,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":11,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":1,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":15248,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 276.774 1 -total"," 59.30% 164.134 1 Template:EB9"," 8.48% 23.465 165 Template:9link"," 4.36% 12.063 1 Template:Fsx"," 3.67% 10.147 1 Template:Ti"," 2.11% 5.832 1 Template:Font-size-x/s"," 1.63% 4.503 1 Template:Anchor"," 1.50% 4.147 1 Template:Optional_style"," 1.34% 3.713 17 Template:Abbr"," 1.25% 3.466 3 MediaWiki:Proofreadpage_pagenum_template"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.058","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1128605,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-849f99967d-m9zdp","timestamp":"20241122184748","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica, Ninth Edition\/Arkansas","url":"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition\/Arkansas","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q124006116","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q124006116","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2011-10-05T18:06:07Z","dateModified":"2022-01-31T05:57:37Z"}</script> </body> </html>