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class=""><span>Bağış yapın</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:HesapOlu%C5%9Ftur&returnto=Himalayalar" title="Bir hesap oluşturup oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir ancak bu zorunlu değildir" class=""><span>Hesap oluştur</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=Himalayalar" title="Oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu değildir [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Oturum aç</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Daha fazla seçenek" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" 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mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Çıkış yapmış editörler için sayfalar <a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:Giri%C5%9F" aria-label="Değişiklik yapma hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin"><span>daha fazla bilgi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Katk%C4%B1lar%C4%B1m" title="Bu IP adresinden yapılmış değişiklikler listesi [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Katkılar</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:MesajSayfam" title="Bu IP adresindeki düzenlemeler hakkında tartışma [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Mesaj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="İçindekiler" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">İçindekiler</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Giriş</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Himalayaların_oluşumu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Himalayaların_oluşumu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Himalayaların oluşumu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Himalayaların_oluşumu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dikkate_değer_Himalaya_dağcıları" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dikkate_değer_Himalaya_dağcıları"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Dikkate değer Himalaya dağcıları</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dikkate_değer_Himalaya_dağcıları-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dikkate_değer_zirveler" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dikkate_değer_zirveler"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Dikkate değer zirveler</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dikkate_değer_zirveler-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ayrıca_bakınız" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ayrıca_bakınız"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ayrıca bakınız</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ayrıca_bakınız-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaynakça" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaynakça"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kaynakça</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaynakça-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dış_bağlantılar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dış_bağlantılar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Dış bağlantılar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dış_bağlantılar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="İçindekiler" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Himalayalar</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 183 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-183" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">183 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaja" title="Himalaja - Afrikaanca" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Himalaja" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - İsviçre Almancası" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="İsviçre Almancası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%82%E1%88%9B%E1%88%8B%E1%8B%AB_%E1%89%B0%E1%88%AB%E1%88%AE%E1%89%BD" title="ሂማላያ ተራሮች - Amharca" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሂማላያ ተራሮች" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Aragonca" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय - Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="هملايا - Arapça" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هملايا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="هيمالايا - Mısır Arapçası" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هيمالايا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Mısır Arapçası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="kaliteli madde"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC" title="হিমালয় - Assamca" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="হিমালয়" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Asturyasça" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturyasça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8C%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BB" title="Гьималаял - Avar dili" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Гьималаял" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avar dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय - Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalay" title="Himalay - Azerbaycan dili" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Himalay" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaycan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="هیمالیا داغلاری - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هیمالیا داغلاری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83%D2%99%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Гималай тауҙары - Başkırtça" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гималай тауҙары" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Başkırtça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunung_Himalaya" title="Gunung Himalaya - Bali dili" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Gunung Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Bavyera dili" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavyera dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaj%C4%93" title="Himalajē - Samogitçe" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Himalajē" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%96" title="Гімалаі - Belarusça" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гімалаі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%96" title="Гімалаі - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гімалаі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B8" title="Хималаи - Bulgarca" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хималаи" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AD%E1%80%99%E1%80%9D%E1%80%94%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F%E1%80%80%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B1%EA%A9%BB" title="ဟိမဝန္တာႏကောင်ရွေꩻ - Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဟိမဝန္တာႏကောင်ရွေꩻ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE" title="হিমালয় পর্বতমালা - Bengalce" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হিমালয় পর্বতমালা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A7%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1" title="ཧི་མ་ལ་ཡ - Tibetçe" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཧི་མ་ལ་ཡ" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Bretonca" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaji" title="Himalaji - Boşnakça" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Himalaji" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Boşnakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Гималайн уула - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Гималайн уула" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Him%C3%A0laia" title="Himàlaia - Katalanca" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Himàlaia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya_S%C4%83ng-m%C4%83h" title="Himalaya Săng-măh - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Himalaya Săng-măh" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Гималай - Çeçence" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Гималай" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Çeçence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas - Sebuano dili" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Himalayas" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Sebuano dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ھیمالایا - Orta Kürtçe" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھیمالایا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Orta Kürtçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaia" title="Himalaia - Korsikaca" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Himalaia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsikaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayalar" title="Himalayalar - Kırım Tatarcası" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Himalayalar" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Kırım Tatarcası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Him%C3%A1laj" title="Himálaj - Çekçe" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Himálaj" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Çekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%82%C4%83%D0%B2%C4%95%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Гималай тăвĕсем - Çuvaşça" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Гималай тăвĕсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Çuvaşça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Galce" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Galce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Danca" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Almanca" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaja" title="Himalaja - Aşağı Sorbça" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Himalaja" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Aşağı Sorbça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय - Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A7%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8D" title="ཧི་མ་ལ་ཡ། - Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="ཧི་མ་ལ་ཡ།" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Ιμαλάια - Yunanca" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιμαλάια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas - İngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Himalayas" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalajo" title="Himalajo - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Himalajo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - İspanyolca" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="İspanyolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himaalaja" title="Himaalaja - Estonca" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Himaalaja" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaia" title="Himalaia - Baskça" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Himalaia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Ekstremadura Dili" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Ekstremadura Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="هیمالیا - Farsça" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هیمالیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Farsça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="önerilen madde"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaja" title="Himalaja - Fince" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Himalaja" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himaalaja" title="Himaalaja - Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Himaalaja" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaia" title="Himalaia - Faroe dili" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Himalaia" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Fransızca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fransızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Kuzey Frizce" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Kuzey Frizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Batı Frizcesi" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Batı Frizcesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himil%C3%A9ithe" title="Himiléithe - İrlandaca" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Himiléithe" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="İrlandaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%88" title="喜馬拉雅山脈 - Gan Çincesi" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="喜馬拉雅山脈" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaia" title="Himalaia - Galiçyaca" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Himalaia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galiçyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himal%C3%A1ia" title="Himaláia - Guarani dili" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Himaláia" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="हिमालयाचो दोंगरी वाठार - Goa Konkanicesi" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="हिमालयाचो दोंगरी वाठार" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goa Konkanicesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B9%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%AF" title="હિમાલય - Güceratça" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="હિમાલય" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Güceratça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Hausa dili" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya_S%C3%A2n-mak" title="Himalaya Sân-mak - Hakka Çincesi" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Himalaya Sân-mak" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%99%D7%94" title="הימלאיה - İbranice" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הימלאיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="İbranice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय - Hintçe" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hintçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Fiji Hintçesi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hintçesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaja" title="Himalaja - Hırvatça" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Himalaja" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hırvatça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaja" title="Himalaja - Yukarı Sorbça" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Himalaja" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Yukarı Sorbça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himal%C3%A1ja" title="Himalája - Macarca" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Himalája" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Macarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Հիմալայներ - Ermenice" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հիմալայներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Ermenice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - İnterlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="İnterlingua" data-language-local-name="İnterlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İnterlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegunungan_Himalaya" title="Pegunungan Himalaya - Endonezce" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pegunungan Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Endonezce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="seçkin madde"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalajafj%C3%B6ll" title="Himalajafjöll - İzlandaca" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Himalajafjöll" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="İzlandaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - İtalyanca" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="İtalyanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%92%E3%83%9E%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A4%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%88" title="ヒマラヤ山脈 - Japonca" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヒマラヤ山脈" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaleyaz" title="Imaleyaz - Jamaika Patois Dili" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Imaleyaz" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaika Patois Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Cava dili" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Cava dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%98" title="ჰიმალაი - Gürcüce" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰიმალაი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gürcüce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimalay_tawlar%C4%B1" title="Gimalay tawları - Karakalpakça" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Gimalay tawları" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Karakalpakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idurar_n_Himalaya" title="Idurar n Himalaya - Kabiliyece" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Idurar n Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabiliyece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Гималайхэр - Kabardeyce" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Гималайхэр" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardeyce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya_p%CA%8A%C5%8B" title="Himalaya pʊŋ - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Himalaya pʊŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagunungan_Himalaya" title="Pagunungan Himalaya - Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Pagunungan Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Гималай - Kazakça" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гималай" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%AF" title="ಹಿಮಾಲಯ - Kannada dili" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹಿಮಾಲಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9E%88%EB%A7%90%EB%9D%BC%EC%95%BC%EC%82%B0%EB%A7%A5" title="히말라야산맥 - Korece" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="히말라야산맥" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Гималайла - Karaçay-Balkarca" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Гималайла" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karaçay-Balkarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%90%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%8E%DB%81" title="ہِمالیَہ - Keşmir dili" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ہِمالیَہ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Keşmir dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%AEmalaya" title="Hîmalaya - Kürtçe" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hîmalaya" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kürtçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas - Kernevekçe" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Himalayas" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kernevekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Гималай - Kırgızca" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гималай" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kırgızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaia" title="Himalaia - Latince" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Himalaia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Lüksemburgca" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Lüksemburgca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%80" title="Гималаяр - Lezgice" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Гималаяр" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezgice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaia" title="Himalaia - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Himalaia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Limburgca" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaia" title="Himalaia - Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Himalaia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Lombardça" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%81%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%82%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%A5" title="ເທືອກເຂົາຫິມະໄລ - Lao dili" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເທືອກເຂົາຫິມະໄລ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalajai" title="Himalajai - Litvanca" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Himalajai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaji" title="Himalaji - Letonca" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Himalaji" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय - Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B8" title="Гималаи - Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Гималаи" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagunungan_Himalaya" title="Pagunungan Himalaya - Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Pagunungan Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B8" title="Хималаи - Makedonca" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хималаи" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="ഹിമാലയം - Malayalam dili" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹിമാലയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Гималай - Moğolca" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гималай" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Moğolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय - Marathi dili" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%93" title="Гималайвлӓ - Ova Çirmişçesi" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Гималайвлӓ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Ova Çirmişçesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Malayca" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AD%E1%80%99%E1%80%9D%E1%80%94%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC_%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ဟိမဝန္တာ တောင်တန်း - Birman dili" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဟိမဝန္တာ တောင်တန်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birman dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Aşağı Almanca" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Aşağı Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय - Nepalce" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="हिमालय - Nevari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="हिमालय" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Nevari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Felemenkçe" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Felemenkçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Norveççe Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Norveççe Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzi%C5%82gaiitsoh_Honeezk%CA%BCazii" title="Dziłgaiitsoh Honeezkʼazii - Navaho dili" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Dziłgaiitsoh Honeezkʼazii" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navaho dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imalaia" title="Imalaia - Oksitan dili" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Imalaia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B3%E0%AD%9F" title="ହିମାଳୟ - Oriya dili" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ହିମାଳୟ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86" title="ਹਿਮਾਲਿਆ - Pencapça" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹਿਮਾਲਿਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pencapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imala%C3%AFa" title="Imalaïa - Picard Dili" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Imalaïa" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaje" title="Himalaje - Lehçe" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Himalaje" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Lehçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Piyemontece" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piyemontece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ہمالیا - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہمالیا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%90%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="هېمالیا - Peştuca" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هېمالیا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Peştuca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaias" title="Himalaias - Portekizce" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Himalaias" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portekizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Keçuva dili" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Keçuva dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Rumence" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B8" title="Гималаи - Rusça" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гималаи" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%97" title="Гімалаї - Rusince" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Гімалаї" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83" title="हिमालयः - Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="हिमालयः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Гималаай хайалара - Yakutça" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Гималаай хайалара" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakutça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9E_%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A9" title="ᱦᱮᱢᱟᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ - Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱦᱮᱢᱟᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Sardunya dili" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardunya dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Sicilyaca" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas - İskoçça" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Himalayas" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="İskoçça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="هماليا - Sindhi dili" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="هماليا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaja" title="Himalaja - Sırp-Hırvat Dili" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Himalaja" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Sırp-Hırvat Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA" title="හිමාලය - Sinhali dili" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හිමාලය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhali dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Himalayas" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himal%C3%A1je" title="Himaláje - Slovakça" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Himaláje" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaja" title="Himalaja - Slovence" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Himalaja" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaja" title="Himalaja - İnari Laponcası" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Himalaja" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="İnari Laponcası" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalajet" title="Himalajet - Arnavutça" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Himalajet" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Arnavutça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B8" title="Хималаји - Sırpça" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хималаји" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Sırpça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Saterland Frizcesi" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frizcesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - İsveççe" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="İsveççe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Svahili dili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Svahili dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaje" title="Himalaje - Silezyaca" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Himalaje" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silezyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88" title="இமயமலை - Tamilce" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இமயமலை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%A4_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D" title="ಹಿಮಾಲಯ ಪರ್ವತ ಸಾಲ್ - Tuluca" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಹಿಮಾಲಯ ಪರ್ವತ ಸಾಲ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tuluca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="హిమాలయాలు - Telugu dili" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హిమాలయాలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Ҳимолой - Tacikçe" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳимолой" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tacikçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A2" title="เทือกเขาหิมาลัย - Tayca" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เทือกเขาหิมาลัย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimala%C3%BDlar" title="Gimalaýlar - Türkmence" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Gimalaýlar" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Türkmence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Tagalogca" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalogca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaj" title="Himalaj - Talışça" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Himalaj" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talışça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Гималайлар - Tatarca" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гималайлар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D9%89%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%BA_%D8%AA%D9%89%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%89" title="ھىمالايا تاغ تىزمىسى - Uygurca" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ھىمالايا تاغ تىزمىسى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uygurca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%97" title="Гімалаї - Ukraynaca" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гімалаї" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraynaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%81_%DA%A9%D9%88%DB%81_%DB%81%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DB%81" title="سلسلہ کوہ ہمالیہ - Urduca" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سلسلہ کوہ ہمالیہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urduca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himolay" title="Himolay - Özbekçe" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Himolay" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Özbekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Venedikçe" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venedikçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimalajad" title="Gimalajad - Veps dili" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Gimalajad" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Vietnamca" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Varay" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Varay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89" title="喜马拉雅山脉 - Wu Çincesi" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="喜马拉雅山脉" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%98" title="ჰიმალაი - Megrelce" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჰიმალაი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Megrelce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A2" title="הימאלייע - Yidiş" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="הימאלייע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yidiş" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya - Yorubaca" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Himalaya" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yorubaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megbya_Hijmajlahyajsanh" title="Megbya Hijmajlahyajsanh - Zhuangca" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Megbya Hijmajlahyajsanh" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuangca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%80%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵀⵉⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢⴰ - Standart Fas Tamazigti" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵀⵉⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standart Fas Tamazigti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89" title="喜马拉雅山脉 - Çince" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="喜马拉雅山脉" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Çince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E7%91%AA%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85%E5%B1%B1" title="喜瑪拉雅山 - Edebi Çince" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="喜瑪拉雅山" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Edebi Çince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalaya_Soa%E2%81%BF-l%C3%AAng" title="Himalaya Soaⁿ-lêng - Min Nan Çincesi" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Himalaya Soaⁿ-lêng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85%E5%B1%B1" title="喜馬拉雅山 - Kantonca" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="喜馬拉雅山" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5451#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dillerarası bağlantıları değiştir" class="wbc-editpage">Bağlantıları değiştir</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> 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class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Diğer projelerde </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Himalayas" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5451" title="Veri havuzundaki ilgili ögeye bağlantı [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Vikiveri ögesi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Görünüm</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">gizle</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipedi, özgür ansiklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><table class="box-Düzenle plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Wikify" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>Bu madde, <a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Bi%C3%A7em_el_kitab%C4%B1" title="Vikipedi:Biçem el kitabı">Vikipedi biçem el kitabına</a> uygun değildir</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Maddeyi, Vikipedi standartlarına uygun biçimde düzenleyerek Vikipedi'ye katkıda bulunabilirsiniz. <small>Gerekli düzenleme yapılmadan bu şablon kaldırılmamalıdır.</small></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">Haziran 2009</span>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Başlığın diğer anlamları için <a href="/wiki/Himalaya_(anlam_ayr%C4%B1m%C4%B1)" class="mw-disambig" title="Himalaya (anlam ayrımı)">Himalaya (anlam ayrımı)</a> sayfasına bakınız.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Everest_North_Face_toward_Base_Camp_Tibet_Luca_Galuzzi_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Everest_North_Face_toward_Base_Camp_Tibet_Luca_Galuzzi_2006.jpg/350px-Everest_North_Face_toward_Base_Camp_Tibet_Luca_Galuzzi_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Everest_North_Face_toward_Base_Camp_Tibet_Luca_Galuzzi_2006.jpg/525px-Everest_North_Face_toward_Base_Camp_Tibet_Luca_Galuzzi_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Everest_North_Face_toward_Base_Camp_Tibet_Luca_Galuzzi_2006.jpg/700px-Everest_North_Face_toward_Base_Camp_Tibet_Luca_Galuzzi_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Everest" class="mw-redirect" title="Everest">Everest</a> Kuzey yüzü Ana kampa giden yoldan, <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Himalayas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Himalayas.jpg/350px-Himalayas.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Himalayas.jpg/525px-Himalayas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Himalayas.jpg/700px-Himalayas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3032" data-file-height="1998" /></a><figcaption>Himalayalar ve <a href="/wiki/Everest_Da%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Everest Dağı">Everest Dağı</a> kuş bakışı görünümü. <a href="/wiki/Tibet_Platosu" title="Tibet Platosu">Tibet Platosu</a> istikametinden güney-güneydoğu üzerinden. (<a href="/wiki/Dosya:Himalaya_annotated.jpg" title="Dosya:Himalaya annotated.jpg">annotated version</a>)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Glacial_lakes,_Bhutan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Glacial_lakes%2C_Bhutan.jpg/150px-Glacial_lakes%2C_Bhutan.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Glacial_lakes%2C_Bhutan.jpg/225px-Glacial_lakes%2C_Bhutan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Glacial_lakes%2C_Bhutan.jpg/300px-Glacial_lakes%2C_Bhutan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1665" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a>'daki bu buzullarda erime eğilimi gözlemlendi.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Himalaya Dağları</b>, dünyanın en büyük ve en yüksek sıradağları arasında zirveyi çeker. <a href="/wiki/Asya" title="Asya">Asya</a>'nın orta güney kısmında, doğu-batı doğrultusunda uzanır. Dünyanın en yüksek zirvesi <a href="/wiki/Everest" class="mw-redirect" title="Everest">Everest</a>'i (<b>8848 m</b>) içine alır. Everest Tepesi, <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> ile <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> (<a href="/wiki/%C3%87in" title="Çin">Çin</a>) sınırında yer alır. Everest tepesi Nepal'in sınırları içerisindedir. Himalayalar, <a href="/wiki/Levha_tektoni%C4%9Fi" title="Levha tektoniği">levha tektoniği</a> kuramına göre, iki kıtasal levhanın yani Hindistan levhası ve Asya levhasının çarpışması sonucu oluşmuştur ve bu oluşum hâlen devam etmektedir. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindistan" title="Hindistan">Hindistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%87in" title="Çin">Çin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Butan</a>'dan geçen 2400 km uzunluğundaki Himalaya dağ zincirinin buzulları, Asya'nın 9 büyük nehrini besliyor. 1,3 milyar insan, bu su yollarına bağımlı olarak yaşıyor. Verilere göre ise Himalayalarda sıcaklıklar, son 30 yıl içinde on yılda bir 0,06 ile 0,15 derece artmakta ve sıcaklıkların artmaya devam etmesi hâlinde 50 yıla kadar buzul ve karların tamamen erimesi bekleniyor. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Himalayaların_oluşumu"><span id="Himalayalar.C4.B1n_olu.C5.9Fumu"></span>Himalayaların oluşumu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Himalayalar&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Himalayaların oluşumu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Himalayalar&action=edit&section=1" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Himalayaların oluşumu"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Geç <a href="/wiki/Kambriyen_%C3%B6ncesi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kambriyen öncesi">Prekambriyen</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Paleozoik_zaman" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleozoik zaman">Paleozoik</a> dönemleri boyunca, Avrasya kıtasından Eski Tetis Okyanusu'yla ayrılan Hindistan alt kıtası, Gondwana kıtasının bir parçasıydı. Erken <a href="/wiki/Karbonifer" title="Karbonifer">Karbonifer</a> döneminde, <a href="/wiki/Gondvana" title="Gondvana">Gondwana</a> üzerine kıtasal riftleşme süreci başladı ve Erken <a href="/wiki/Permiyen" title="Permiyen">Permiyen</a> Dönemi'nde Yeni Tetis Okyanusu'nu oluşturdu. Böylelikle bugünün <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ran" title="İran">İran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afganistan</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> bölgelerinin bir kısmını oluşturan kıta parçaları Gondwana'dan ayrılarak kuzeye doğru sürüklendi. Daha sonra Norian (210 Ma) Dönemi'nde başlayan bir başka riftleşme süreci, Gondwana kıtasını ikiye ayırdı. Hindistan, Avustralya ve Antarktika ile birlikte Doğu Gondwana'yı oluştururken, Doğu ve Batı Gondwana'nın birbirinden arada okyanus kabuğunun oluşmasıyla ayrılması daha sonra gerçekleşti (160-155 Ma). Erken <a href="/wiki/Kretase" title="Kretase">Kretase</a> döneminde, Hindistan levhası Avustralya ve Anarktika'dan ayrıldı ve Güney <a href="/wiki/Hint_Okyanusu" title="Hint Okyanusu">Hint Okyanusu</a> oluşmaya başladı (130-125 Ma). </p><p>Daha sonra Hindistan, <a href="/wiki/Avrasya" title="Avrasya">Avrasya</a> kıtası ile arasındaki okyanus kabuğu tüketilene kadar hızla kuzeye doğru sürüklenmeye başladı (84 Ma). Yaklaşık 6000 km<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDèzes1999_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDèzes1999-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yol kat ettikten sonra, okyanus kabuğu tüketilince bu sefer kıtasal kabuklar karşı karşıya geldi. Okyanus kabuğu, kıtasal kabuğa göre daha ince ve yoğun olduğundan, kıtasal kabuğun altına görece daha kolay batar. Ancak, kıtasal kabuklar karşılaştığında, bu kabuklar hemen hemen aynı kalınlıkta ve yoğunlukta olduğundan birbirlerinin altına kolayca batmazlar ve deformasyon meydana gelir. Hindistan ve Avrasya kıtalarının birbirlerine göre hızlarının 55 Ma<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlootwijkGeePeirceSmith1992_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlootwijkGeePeirceSmith1992-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> civarında çok hızlıdan (18-19,5 cm/yıl) hızlıya (4,5 cm/yıl) düşmesinden, kıtasal kabukların bu zaman diliminde karşılaştıkları düşünülmekte. Yapılan ölçümler, tüm bu süreç boyunca Hindistan'ın kıtasal kabuğunda 2500 km<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAchacheCourtillotXiu_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAchacheCourtillotXiu-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPatriatAchache1984_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPatriatAchache1984-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBesseCourtillotPozziWestphal1984_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBesseCourtillotPozziWestphal1984-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBesseCourtillot1988_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBesseCourtillot1988-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> kısalma olduğunu gösteriyor. </p><p>Bu kısalmayı açıklamak için çeşitli model mekanizmalar öneriliyor. Birincisi, Hindistan kıtasal kabuğunun kısmen de olsa Tibet'in altına batmış olabileceği yönünde. İkinci modele göre (<a href="#CITEREFMolnarTapponnier1975">Molnar & Tapponnier 1975</a>), Hindistan çarpışma esnasında Avrasya kıtasını oluşturan kıtasal parçaları hareketlendirmiş ve bunların yanal olarak yolundan çekilmesini sağlayarak kendine yer açmış olabilir. Diğer bir modele göreyse (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:Harvard_al%C4%B1nt%C4%B1nb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Şablon:Harvard alıntınb (sayfa mevcut değil)">Şablon:Harvard alıntınb</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELe_PichonFournierJolivet1992_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELe_PichonFournierJolivet1992-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, çarpışmanın etkisiyle Hindistan'ın kıtasal kenarında oluşan bindirme faylar ve katlanmalar ile Tibet kabuğunun deformasyonu, bu kısalmanın bir kısmını karşılamıştır. </p><p>Kıtasal kabuktaki bu büyük miktarda kısalmada bu üç mekanizma da rol oynamış olmakla birlikte, Himalayaların yükselmesi, son mekanizmaya bağlıdır. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dikkate_değer_Himalaya_dağcıları"><span id="Dikkate_de.C4.9Fer_Himalaya_da.C4.9Fc.C4.B1lar.C4.B1"></span>Dikkate değer Himalaya dağcıları</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Himalayalar&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Dikkate değer Himalaya dağcıları" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Himalayalar&action=edit&section=2" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Dikkate değer Himalaya dağcıları"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasuh_Mahruki" title="Nasuh Mahruki">Nasuh Mahruki</a> Everest'e çıkan ilk Türk'tür.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Mallory" title="George Mallory">George Mallory</a> (1886–1924) Everest Dağı'na ilk çıkış denemesi; kuzey yüzünde öldü.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Noel_Odell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noel Odell (sayfa mevcut değil)">Noel Odell</a> (1890–1987) İngiliz. İlk tırmanış, 1936, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanda_Devi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanda Devi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Nanda Devi</a> (Hindistan'daki en yüksek ikinci dağ), En yüksek doruk noktasında 1950 metreye kadar kaldı.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_Tilman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bill Tilman (sayfa mevcut değil)">Bill Tilman</a> (1898–1977) İngiliz. Nanda Devi'ye ilk tırmanış denemesi 1936. 1934'te, ilk kişi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanda_Devi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanda Devi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Nanda Devi</a> mabedi içine girmeyi denedi.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eric_Shipton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eric Shipton (sayfa mevcut değil)">Eric Shipton</a> (1907–1977) İngiliz. Bill Tillman ile Nanda Devi mabedine ilk nüfuz eden. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khumbu_Glacier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khumbu Glacier (sayfa mevcut değil)">Khumbu Glacier</a> üzerindeki Everest'e giden yolu keşfetti.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hunt,_Baron_Hunt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Hunt, Baron Hunt (sayfa mevcut değil)">John Hunt</a> (1910–1998) İngiliz. Everest Dağı seferinin lideri, 1953.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenzing_Norgay" title="Tenzing Norgay">Tenzing Norgay</a> (1914–1986) Nepalli <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eerpalar" title="Şerpalar">Şerpa</a> dağcı. Edmund Hillary'nin yanı sıra Everest'teki ilk dağcı.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Herzog" title="Maurice Herzog">Maurice Herzog</a> (doğum. 1919) Sekizbinlik zirvelerden biri olan <a href="/wiki/Annapurna" title="Annapurna">Annapurna</a>'ya 1950'de tırmanan ilk kişi. Soğuk yakması dolayısıyla bütün ayak parmaklarını ve el parmaklarının çoğunu kaybetti. Tepeye 1970 yılına kadar tekrar tırmanılmadı.</li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Hillary" title="Edmund Hillary">Edmund Hillary</a> (1919–2008) Yeni Zelandalı dağcı ve kâşiftir, <a href="/wiki/Tenzing_Norgay" title="Tenzing Norgay">Tenzing Norgay</a>'la ile birlikte Everest'e çıkan ilk kişi.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tom_Bourdillon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tom Bourdillon (sayfa mevcut değil)">Tom Bourdillon</a> (1924–1956) İngiliz Everest keşif heyetinin 1951, 1952 ve 1953'teki üyesi, <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Hillary" title="Edmund Hillary">Edmund Hillary</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Tenzing_Norgay" title="Tenzing Norgay">Tenzing Norgay</a> fethetmeden 3 gün önce <a href="/wiki/Everest_Da%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Everest Dağı">Everest</a> in zirvesine 300 fit yaklaştı.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermann_Buhl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermann Buhl (sayfa mevcut değil)">Hermann Buhl</a> (1924–1957) <a href="/wiki/Nanga_Parbat" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanga Parbat">Nanga Parbat</a>'a ilk tırmanış denemesi 1953 (Yalnız ve oksijensiz tamamlamıştır). <a href="/wiki/Broad_Peak" title="Broad Peak">Broad Peak</a>'e ilk tırmanış denemesi. <a href="/wiki/Chogolisa" title="Chogolisa">Chogolisa'dan</a> düşüp öldü. Cesedi bulunamadı.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willi_Unsoeld&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willi Unsoeld (sayfa mevcut değil)">Willi Unsoeld</a> (1926–1979) Birleşik Devletler. Everest'e ilk denemesi batı yüzünden, 1963. Kızı Nanda Devi Unsoeld 1976'da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanda_Devi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanda Devi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Nanda Devi'nin</a> keşif seferinde öldü. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Ranier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mount Ranier (sayfa mevcut değil)">Mount Ranier</a>'de çığ düşmesi sonucu öldü, 1979.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chris_Bonington&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chris Bonington (sayfa mevcut değil)">Chris Bonington</a> (doğum. 1934) <a href="/wiki/Annapurna" title="Annapurna">Annapurna</a>'ya ilk tırmanış denemesi (güney yüzü), Everest'e dört tırmanış denemesi.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawang_Gombu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nawang Gombu (sayfa mevcut değil)">Nawang Gombu</a> (doğum. 1936) Hint dağcıdır. Everest'e iki defa tırmanmıştır. 1963 ve 1965.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Whittaker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jim Whittaker (sayfa mevcut değil)">Jim Whittaker</a> (doğum. 1936) Birleşik Devletler. Zirveye tırmanan ilk Amerikalı.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhold_Messner" title="Reinhold Messner">Reinhold Messner</a> (doğum 1944) İtalyan dağcı.<a href="/wiki/Sekizbinlik" title="Sekizbinlik">Sekizbinliklerin</a> bütün on dördüne tırmanan ilk insan.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Kukuczka" title="Jerzy Kukuczka">Jerzy Kukuczka</a> (1948–1989) Polonyalı dağcı. 10 yeni rota belirleyerek 14 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sekizbinli%C4%9Fin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sekizbinliğin (sayfa mevcut değil)">sekizbinliğin</a> hepsine diğerlerinden daha hızlı tırmanmıştır.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nazir_Sabri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nazir Sabri (sayfa mevcut değil)">Nazir Sabri</a> Pakistanlı dağcı. Tek denemede 2 sekizbinliği (Broad Peak ve Gasherbrum II) ilk tırmanan kişi.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jaime_Vi%C3%B1als&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jaime Viñals (sayfa mevcut değil)">Jaime Viñals</a> Everest Dağı'na tırmanan ilk Orta Amerikalı kişi.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Casey Mackins İngiliz dağcıdır. Everest'e 1984'te Tibet'ten yeni bir rotadan oksijensiz tırmandı. Daha sonra 1990'da ünlü denizden zirveye keşfinde Nepal'den tırmanmıştır. Everest'e deniz seviyesinden başlayarak (<a href="/wiki/Bengal_K%C3%B6rfezi" title="Bengal Körfezi">Bengal Körfezi</a>) tırmanan ilk kişidir.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dikkate_değer_zirveler"><span id="Dikkate_de.C4.9Fer_zirveler"></span>Dikkate değer zirveler</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Himalayalar&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Dikkate değer zirveler" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Himalayalar&action=edit&section=3" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Dikkate değer zirveler"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" align="center" class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Zirve ismi</th> <th>Diğer adları ve anlamı</th> <th>Yükseklik<br />(m)</th> <th>İlk tırmanış</th> <th>Ülke</th> <th>Notlar </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Everest_Da%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Everest Dağı">Everest Dağı</a></td> <td>Sagarmatha – "Gökyüzünün Alnı",<br /> Chomolangma veya Qomolangma – "Evren'in Anası"</td> <td align="right">8.848</td> <td align="center">1953</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%87in" title="Çin">Çin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></td> <td>Dünyanın en yüksek dağı, Nepal ve <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> sınırında, Çin'de bulunur. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/K2" class="mw-disambig" title="K2">K2</a></td> <td>Chogo Gangri</td> <td align="right">8.611</td> <td align="center">1954</td> <td>Çin, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gilgit-Baltistan" title="Gilgit-Baltistan">Gilgit-Baltistan</a> (Pakistan) ile <a href="/wiki/Sincan_Uygur_%C3%96zerk_B%C3%B6lgesi" title="Sincan Uygur Özerk Bölgesi">Sincan Uygur Özerk Bölgesi</a> (Çin) sınırında bulunur. Dünyanın 2. yüksek dağı ve yeryüzünde en zor tırmanılan dağlardan biri olarak kabul edilir. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kangchenjunga" class="mw-redirect" title="Kangchenjunga">Kangchenjunga</a></td> <td>Kangchen Dzö-nga, "Büyük karın beş hazineleri"</td> <td align="right">8.586</td> <td align="center">1955</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hindistan" title="Hindistan">Hindistan</a>, Nepal</td> <td>Dünyanın 3. yüksek dağı, Hindistan'ın (Sikkim) en yüksek, Nepal'in de ikinci yüksek dağı. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Makalu" class="mw-redirect" title="Makalu">Makalu</a></td> <td>–</td> <td align="right">8.462</td> <td align="center">1955</td> <td>Nepal</td> <td>Dünyanın 5. yüksek dağı. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dhaulagiri" title="Dhaulagiri">Dhaulagiri</a></td> <td>Beyaz Dağ</td> <td align="right">8.167</td> <td align="center">1960</td> <td>Nepal</td> <td>Dünyanın 7. yüksek dağı. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nanga_Parbat" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanga Parbat">Nanga Parbat</a></td> <td>Nangaparbat zirvesi veya Diamir, "Çıplak Dağ"</td> <td align="right">8.125</td> <td align="center">1953</td> <td>Pakistan</td> <td>Dünyanın 9. yüksek ve tırmanması en tehlikeli dağlardan biri olarak kabul edilir. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Annapurna" title="Annapurna">Annapurna</a></td> <td>"Harman Tanrıçası"</td> <td align="right">8.091</td> <td align="center">1950</td> <td>Nepal</td> <td>Dünyanın 10. yüksek dağı </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanda_Devi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanda Devi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Nanda Devi</a></td> <td>"Saadet veren Tanrıça"</td> <td align="right">7.817</td> <td align="center">1936</td> <td>Hindistan</td> <td>Uttarakhand eyaletindedir </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ayrıca_bakınız"><span id="Ayr.C4.B1ca_bak.C4.B1n.C4.B1z"></span>Ayrıca bakınız</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Himalayalar&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Ayrıca bakınız" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Himalayalar&action=edit&section=4" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Ayrıca bakınız"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karakurum_Karayolu" title="Karakurum Karayolu">Karakurum Karayolu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekizbinlik" title="Sekizbinlik">Sekizbinlik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeti" class="mw-redirect" title="Yeti">Yeti</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kaynakça"><span id="Kaynak.C3.A7a"></span>Kaynakça</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Himalayalar&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kaynakça" 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.reflist-columns-3{column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDèzes1999-1"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDèzes1999_1-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDèzes1999">Dèzes 1999</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlootwijkGeePeirceSmith1992-2"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlootwijkGeePeirceSmith1992_2-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKlootwijkGeePeirceSmith1992">Klootwijk et al. 1992</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAchacheCourtillotXiu-3"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAchacheCourtillotXiu_3-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAchacheCourtillotXiu">Achache, Courtillot & Xiu</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPatriatAchache1984-4"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPatriatAchache1984_4-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPatriatAchache1984">Patriat & Achache 1984</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBesseCourtillotPozziWestphal1984-5"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBesseCourtillotPozziWestphal1984_5-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBesseCourtillotPozziWestphal1984">Besse et al. 1984</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBesseCourtillot1988-6"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBesseCourtillot1988_6-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBesseCourtillot1988">Besse & Courtillot 1988</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELe_PichonFournierJolivet1992-7"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELe_PichonFournierJolivet1992_7-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLe_PichonFournierJolivet1992">Le Pichon, Fournier & Jolivet 1992</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070926231017/http://www.iadb.org/idbamerica/index.cfm?thisid=629">"İlk Orta Amerikalı"</a>. 26 Eylül 2007 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iadb.org/idbamerica/index.cfm?thisid=629">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">31 Ekim</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C4%B0lk+Orta+Amerikal%C4%B1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iadb.org%2Fidbamerica%2Findex.cfm%3Fthisid%3D629&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHimalayalar" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAchacheCourtillotXiu" class="kaynak dergi">Achache, José; Courtillot, Vincent; Xiu, Zhou Yao (1984). "Paleogeographic and tectonic evolution of southern Tibet since Middle Cretaceous time: New paleomagnetic data and synthesis". <i>Journal of Geophysical Research</i>. <b>89</b> (B12). ss. 10311-10340. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1984JGR....8910311A">1984JGR....8910311A</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB12p10311">10.1029/JB089iB12p10311</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paleogeographic+and+tectonic+evolution+of+southern+Tibet+since+Middle+Cretaceous+time%3A+New+paleomagnetic+data+and+synthesis&rft.pages=10311-10340&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1029%2FJB089iB12p10311&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1984JGR....8910311A&rft.aulast=Achache&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9&rft.au=Courtillot%2C+Vincent&rft.au=Xiu%2C+Zhou+Yao&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHimalayalar" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBesseCourtillotPozziWestphal1984" class="kaynak dergi">Besse, J.; Courtillot, V.; Pozzi, J.P.; Westphal, M.; Zhou, Y.X. (18 Ekim 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_1984-10-18_311_5987/page/621">"Palaeomagnetic estimates of crustal shortening in the Himalayan thrusts and Zangbo Suture"</a>. <i>Nature</i>. <b>311</b> (5987). ss. 621-626. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1984Natur.311..621B">1984Natur.311..621B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/311621a0">10.1038/311621a0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Palaeomagnetic+estimates+of+crustal+shortening+in+the+Himalayan+thrusts+and+Zangbo+Suture&rft.pages=621-626&rft.date=1984-10-18&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F311621a0&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1984Natur.311..621B&rft.aulast=Besse&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.au=Courtillot%2C+V.&rft.au=Pozzi%2C+J.P.&rft.au=Westphal%2C+M.&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Y.X.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_nature-uk_1984-10-18_311_5987%2Fpage%2F621&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHimalayalar" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBesseCourtillot1988" class="kaynak dergi">Besse, Jean; Courtillot, Vincent (10 Ekim 1988). "Paleogeographic maps of the continents bordering the Indian Ocean since the Early Jurassic". <i>Journal of Geophysical Research</i>. <b>93</b> (B10). ss. 11791-11808. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1988JGR....9311791B">1988JGR....9311791B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1029/JB093iB10p11791">10.1029/JB093iB10p11791</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_S%C3%BCreli_Yay%C4%B1n_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Süreli Yayın Numarası">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0148-0227">0148-0227</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paleogeographic+maps+of+the+continents+bordering+the+Indian+Ocean+since+the+Early+Jurassic&rft.pages=11791-11808&rft.date=1988-10-10&rft.issn=0148-0227&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1029%2FJB093iB10p11791&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1988JGR....9311791B&rft.aulast=Besse&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft.au=Courtillot%2C+Vincent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHimalayalar" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDeweyCandePitman1989" class="kaynak dergi">Dewey, J.F.; Cande, S.; Pitman III, W.C. (1989). "Tectonic evolution of the Indian/Eurasia Collision Zone". <i>Eclogae geologicae Helvetiae</i>. <b>82</b> (3). ss. 717-734.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tectonic+evolution+of+the+Indian%2FEurasia+Collision+Zone&rft.pages=717-734&rft.date=1989&rft.aulast=Dewey&rft.aufirst=J.F.&rft.au=Cande%2C+S.&rft.au=Pitman+III%2C+W.C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHimalayalar" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDèzes1999" class="kaynak dergi">Dèzes, Pierre (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101002123621/http://comp1.geol.unibas.ch/~zanskar">"Tectonic and metamorphic Evolution of the Central Himalayan Domain in Southeast Zanskar (Kashmir, India)"</a>. <i>Mémoires de Géologie</i>. Doctoral thesis. Cilt 32. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Lausanne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Lausanne (sayfa mevcut değil)">University of Lausanne</a>. s. 149. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_S%C3%BCreli_Yay%C4%B1n_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Süreli Yayın Numarası">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1015-3578">1015-3578</a>. 2 Ekim 2010 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://comp1.geol.unibas.ch/~zanskar">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">31 Ekim</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tectonic+and+metamorphic+Evolution+of+the+Central+Himalayan+Domain+in+Southeast+Zanskar+%28Kashmir%2C+India%29&rft.place=University+of+Lausanne&rft.series=Doctoral+thesis&rft.pages=149&rft.date=1999&rft.issn=1015-3578&rft.aulast=D%C3%A8zes&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcomp1.geol.unibas.ch%2F~zanskar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHimalayalar" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMolnarTapponnier1975" class="kaynak dergi">Molnar, P.; Tapponnier, P. (1975). "Cenozoic tectonics of Asia; effects of a continental collision". <i>Science</i>. <b>189</b> (4201). ss. 419-426. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1975Sci...189..419M">1975Sci...189..419M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.189.4201.419">10.1126/science.189.4201.419</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed#PubMed_tanımlayıcısı" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17781869">17781869</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cenozoic+tectonics+of+Asia%3B+effects+of+a+continental+collision&rft.pages=419-426&rft.date=1975&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17781869&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.189.4201.419&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1975Sci...189..419M&rft.aulast=Molnar&rft.aufirst=P.&rft.au=Tapponnier%2C+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHimalayalar" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKlootwijkGeePeirceSmith1992" class="kaynak dergi">Klootwijk, Chris T.; Gee, Jeff S.; Peirce, John W.; Smith, Guy M.; McFadden, Phil L. (Mayıs 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_geology_1992-05_20_5/page/395">"An early India-Asia contact: Paleomagnetic constraints from Ninetyeast Ridge, ODP Leg 121"</a>. <i>Geology</i>. <b>20</b> (5). Geological Society of America. ss. 395-398. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992Geo....20..395K">1992Geo....20..395K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613%281992%29020%3C0395%3AAEIACP%3E2.3.CO%3B2">10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<0395:AEIACP>2.3.CO;2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+early+India-Asia+contact%3A+Paleomagnetic+constraints+from+Ninetyeast+Ridge%2C+ODP+Leg+121&rft.pages=395-398&rft.pub=Geological+Society+of+America&rft.date=1992-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1130%2F0091-7613%281992%29020%3C0395%3AAEIACP%3E2.3.CO%3B2&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1992Geo....20..395K&rft.aulast=Klootwijk&rft.aufirst=Chris+T.&rft.au=Gee%2C+Jeff+S.&rft.au=Peirce%2C+John+W.&rft.au=Smith%2C+Guy+M.&rft.au=McFadden%2C+Phil+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_geology_1992-05_20_5%2Fpage%2F395&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHimalayalar" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLe_PichonFournierJolivet1992" class="kaynak dergi"><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Le_Pichon" title="Xavier Le Pichon">Le Pichon, Xavier</a>; Fournier, Marc; Jolivet, Laurent (1992). "Kinematics, topography, shortening, and extrusion in the India-Eurasia collision". <i>Tectonics</i>. <b>11</b> (6). ss. 1085-1098. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992Tecto..11.1085L">1992Tecto..11.1085L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1029/92TC01566">10.1029/92TC01566</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kinematics%2C+topography%2C+shortening%2C+and+extrusion+in+the+India-Eurasia+collision&rft.pages=1085-1098&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1029%2F92TC01566&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1992Tecto..11.1085L&rft.aulast=Le+Pichon&rft.aufirst=Xavier&rft.au=Fournier%2C+Marc&rft.au=Jolivet%2C+Laurent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHimalayalar" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPatriatAchache1984" class="kaynak dergi">Patriat, Philippe; Achache, José (18 Ekim 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_1984-10-18_311_5987/page/615">"India-Eurasia collision chronology has implications for crustal shortening and driving mechanism of plates"</a>. <i>Nature</i>. <b>311</b> (5987). ss. 615-621. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1984Natur.311..615P">1984Natur.311..615P</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/311615a0">10.1038/311615a0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=India-Eurasia+collision+chronology+has+implications+for+crustal+shortening+and+driving+mechanism+of+plates&rft.pages=615-621&rft.date=1984-10-18&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F311615a0&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1984Natur.311..615P&rft.aulast=Patriat&rft.aufirst=Philippe&rft.au=Achache%2C+Jos%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_nature-uk_1984-10-18_311_5987%2Fpage%2F615&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AHimalayalar" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dış_bağlantılar"><span id="D.C4.B1.C5.9F_ba.C4.9Flant.C4.B1lar"></span>Dış bağlantılar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Himalayalar&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Dış bağlantılar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Himalayalar&action=edit&section=6" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Dış bağlantılar"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33560057">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons'ta <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Himalaya" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Himalaya"><span style="">Himalayalar</span></a></b></i> ile ilgili ortam dosyaları bulunmaktadır.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190723223804/https://himalaya-info.org/">Comprehensive Information about the mountains of Himalaya with links to good images</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190908102355/http://www.harishkapadia.com/">Harish Kapadia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131223034305/http://comp1.geol.unibas.ch/~zanskar/CHAPITRE2/page23.html">The making of the Himalaya and major tectonic subdivisions</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oak.ucc.nau.edu/wittke/Tibet/Himalaya.html">Geology of the Himalayan mountains</a>16 Haziran 2010 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100616162641/http://oak.ucc.nau.edu/wittke/Tibet/Himalaya.html">arşivlendi</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/everest/earth/birth.html">Birth of the Himalaya</a>9 Aralık 2009 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091209055351/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/everest/earth/birth.html">arşivlendi</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snobear.colorado.edu/Markw/Mountains/03/week11.html">Some notes on the formation of the Himalaya</a>12 Haziran 2010 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100612023606/http://snobear.colorado.edu/Markw/Mountains/03/week11.html">arşivlendi</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061120051114/http://www.8000metres.com/">Guide to the 8000 m peaks</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metacafe.co.il/watch/383729/the_annapurna_trek_in_5_minutes/">Pictures from a trek in Annapurna (film by Ori Liber)</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title="tarihinden beri ölü bağlantı" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:D%C4%B1%C5%9F_ba%C4%9Flant%C4%B1lar#Ölü_dış_bağlantılar_için_ne_yapılabilir?" title="Vikipedi:Dış bağlantılar">ölü/kırık bağlantı</a></i>]</span></sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071014112933/http://uttaranchal.org.uk/uww_tkh.php">Kumaon Himalayas</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071012012418/http://uttarakhand.org.uk/uww_ako.php">Adi Kailash - Himalayas</a></li></ul> <p><span id="coordinates" class="plainlinksneverexpand"><a href="/wiki/Co%C4%9Frafi_koordinat_sistemi" title="Coğrafi koordinat sistemi">Koordinatlar</a>: <span class="plainlinksneverexpand"><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Himalayalar&params=28_00_N_82_00_E_region:IN_type:mountain_source:dewiki"><span title="Bu yer için haritalar, uydu fotoğrafları ve diğer veriler">28°00′N, 82°00′E</span></a></span></span> </p> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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