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Gulag tursia (suterot) — Wikipedia
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vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Début</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Buneks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buneks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Buneks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Buneks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vildeks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vildeks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Vildeks</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Vildeks-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Vildeks</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Vildeks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Taneafa_pakava_:_Stolesa_raba" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taneafa_pakava_:_Stolesa_raba"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Taneafa pakava : Stolesa raba</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taneafa_pakava_:_Stolesa_raba-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sopera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sopera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Sopera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sopera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izva_ke_yaxay" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izva_ke_yaxay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Izva ke yaxay</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izva_ke_yaxay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kotavera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kotavera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>Kotavera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kotavera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faltafe_bwetke" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faltafe_bwetke"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.4</span> <span>Faltafe bwetke</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faltafe_bwetke-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taneafa_sogza,_taneafa_rena" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taneafa_sogza,_taneafa_rena"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.5</span> <span>Taneafa sogza, taneafa rena</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taneafa_sogza,_taneafa_rena-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bak_ban_imwugal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bak_ban_imwugal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.6</span> <span>Bak ban imwugal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bak_ban_imwugal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foalkxo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foalkxo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.7</span> <span>Foalkxo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foalkxo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rumeafa_mwa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rumeafa_mwa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.8</span> <span>Rumeafa mwa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rumeafa_mwa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mwa_tumilgawer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mwa_tumilgawer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.9</span> <span>Mwa tumilgawer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mwa_tumilgawer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Milgafa_mwa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Milgafa_mwa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.10</span> <span>Milgafa mwa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Milgafa_mwa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bocafa_sabega" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bocafa_sabega"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.11</span> <span>Bocafa sabega</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bocafa_sabega-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tyurzak_:_stolera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tyurzak_:_stolera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.12</span> <span>Tyurzak : stolera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tyurzak_:_stolera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Toleafa_pakava_:_Durefa_lizira" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Toleafa_pakava_:_Durefa_lizira"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Toleafa pakava : Durefa lizira</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Toleafa_pakava_:_Durefa_lizira-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tota_ke_Tursia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tota_ke_Tursia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Tota ke Tursia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tota_ke_Tursia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Molt_ke_Tursia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Molt_ke_Tursia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Molt ke Tursia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Molt_ke_Tursia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Levetirikafa_teremta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Levetirikafa_teremta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>Levetirikafa teremta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Levetirikafa_teremta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ewalewalon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ewalewalon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.4</span> <span>Ewalewalon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ewalewalon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bareafa_pakava_:_Awalkopera_kan_kobara" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bareafa_pakava_:_Awalkopera_kan_kobara"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Bareafa pakava : Awalkopera kan kobara</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bareafa_pakava_:_Awalkopera_kan_kobara-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gelteem_ke_Avrora" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gelteem_ke_Avrora"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>Gelteem ke Avrora</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gelteem_ke_Avrora-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tursia_div_bira_gepoyter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tursia_div_bira_gepoyter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2</span> <span>Tursia div bira gepoyter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tursia_div_bira_gepoyter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tursia_va_vetolk_stakser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tursia_va_vetolk_stakser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.3</span> <span>Tursia va vetolk stakser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tursia_va_vetolk_stakser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tursia_turaporawer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tursia_turaporawer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.4</span> <span>Tursia turaporawer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tursia_turaporawer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rigoteem_ke_Tursia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rigoteem_ke_Tursia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.5</span> <span>Rigoteem ke Tursia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rigoteem_ke_Tursia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-To_torkevik_tid_!" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#To_torkevik_tid_!"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.6</span> <span>To torkevik tid !</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-To_torkevik_tid_!-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vieleafa_blira_ke_patectolik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vieleafa_blira_ke_patectolik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.7</span> <span>Vieleafa blira ke patectolik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vieleafa_blira_ke_patectolik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ayikya_koe_stolexo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ayikya_koe_stolexo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.8</span> <span>Ayikya koe stolexo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ayikya_koe_stolexo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vaskesik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vaskesik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.9</span> <span>Vaskesik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vaskesik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gaderopon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gaderopon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.10</span> <span>Gaderopon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gaderopon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malaskisik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malaskisik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.11</span> <span>Malaskisik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malaskisik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bzz_!_Bzz_!_Bzz_!" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bzz_!_Bzz_!_Bzz_!"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.12</span> <span>Bzz ! Bzz ! Bzz !</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bzz_!_Bzz_!_Bzz_!-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Miltan_zo_narid_aze_zo_askid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Miltan_zo_narid_aze_zo_askid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.13</span> <span>Miltan zo narid aze zo askid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Miltan_zo_narid_aze_zo_askid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Betara_va_bali_!" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Betara_va_bali_!"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.14</span> <span>Betara va bali !</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Betara_va_bali_!-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cizo,_Bur,_Zur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cizo,_Bur,_Zur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.15</span> <span><i>Cizo, Bur, Zur</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cizo,_Bur,_Zur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seltaf_vuwik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seltaf_vuwik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.16</span> <span>Seltaf vuwik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seltaf_vuwik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jotajik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jotajik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.17</span> <span>Jotajik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jotajik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dere_rupel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dere_rupel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Dere rupel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dere_rupel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gulag tursia (suterot)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 46 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gulag_Archipelago" title="The Gulag Archipelago – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="The Gulag Archipelago" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%AE%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA" title="أرخبيل غولاغ – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أرخبيل غولاغ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archipi%C3%A9lagu_Gulag" title="Archipiélagu Gulag – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Archipiélagu Gulag" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AE%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="قولاق تاخیم آدالاری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قولاق تاخیم آدالاری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%A3%D0%9B%D0%90%D0%93_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8B" title="ГУЛАГ архипелагы – bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="ГУЛАГ архипелагы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%93%D0%A3%D0%9B%D0%90%D0%93" title="Архіпелаг ГУЛАГ – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Архіпелаг ГУЛАГ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B3_%D0%93%D0%A3%D0%9B%D0%90%D0%93" title="Архіпэляг ГУЛАГ – белорусский (тарашкевица)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Архіпэляг ГУЛАГ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="белорусский (тарашкевица)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Архипелаг Гулаг – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Архипелаг Гулаг" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arxip%C3%A8lag_Gulag" title="Arxipèlag Gulag – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Arxipèlag Gulag" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Souostrov%C3%AD_Gulag" title="Souostroví Gulag – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Souostroví Gulag" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Der_Archipel_Gulag" title="Der Archipel Gulag – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Der Archipel Gulag" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BA" title="Αρχιπέλαγος Γκούλαγκ – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αρχιπέλαγος Γκούλαγκ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gulag_Archipelago" title="The Gulag Archipelago – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="The Gulag Archipelago" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Gulaga_Arkipelago" title="La Gulaga Arkipelago – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="La Gulaga Arkipelago" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archipi%C3%A9lago_Gulag" title="Archipiélago Gulag – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Archipiélago Gulag" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulagi_arhipelaag" title="Gulagi arhipelaag – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gulagi arhipelaag" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1_%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%AF" title="مجمعالجزایر گولاگ – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مجمعالجزایر گولاگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulag:_Vankileirien_saaristo" title="Gulag: Vankileirien saaristo – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gulag: Vankileirien saaristo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Archipel_du_Goulag" title="L'Archipel du Goulag – français" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="L'Archipel du Goulag" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="français" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%92_%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%92" title="ארכיפלג גולג – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארכיפלג גולג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arhipelag_Gulag" title="Arhipelag Gulag – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Arhipelag Gulag" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepulauan_Gulag" title="Kepulauan Gulag – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kepulauan Gulag" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcipelago_Gulag" title="Arcipelago Gulag – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Arcipelago Gulag" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%8E%E5%AE%B9%E6%89%80%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="収容所群島 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="収容所群島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%98_%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%98" title="არქიპელაგი გულაგი – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="არქიპელაგი გულაგი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%EC%9A%A9%EC%86%8C_%EA%B5%B0%EB%8F%84" title="수용소 군도 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="수용소 군도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3" title="Гулаг олтриг – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гулаг олтриг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B" title="गुलाग आर्किपेलागो – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="गुलाग आर्किपेलागो" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Goelag_Archipel" title="De Goelag Archipel – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="De Goelag Archipel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulag-arkipelet" title="Gulag-arkipelet – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gulag-arkipelet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Archip%C3%A8la_del_Golag" title="L'Archipèla del Golag – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="L'Archipèla del Golag" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97_%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8B" title="ਗੁਲਾਗ ਆਰਕੀਪੇਲਾਗੋ – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗੁਲਾਗ ਆਰਕੀਪੇਲਾਗੋ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archipelag_GU%C5%81ag" title="Archipelag GUŁag – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Archipelag GUŁag" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%AF_%D8%A2%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%AF%D9%88" title="گلاگ آرکیپیلاگو – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گلاگ آرکیپیلاگو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arquip%C3%A9lago_Gulag" title="Arquipélago Gulag – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Arquipélago Gulag" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arhipelagul_Gulag" title="Arhipelagul Gulag – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Arhipelagul Gulag" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%93%D0%A3%D0%9B%D0%90%D0%93" title="Архипелаг ГУЛАГ – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Архипелаг ГУЛАГ" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%86%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9D" title="ද ගූලාග් ආකිපෙලගෝ – cingalais" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ද ගූලාග් ආකිපෙලගෝ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gulag_Archipelago" title="The Gulag Archipelago – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="The Gulag Archipelago" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAostrovie_Gulag" title="Súostrovie Gulag – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Súostrovie Gulag" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Архипелаг Гулаг – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Архипелаг Гулаг" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/GULAG-arkipelagen" title="GULAG-arkipelagen – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="GULAG-arkipelagen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%93%D0%A3%D0%9B%D0%90%D0%93" title="Архіпелаг ГУЛАГ – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Архіпелаг ГУЛАГ" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/GULAG_arxipelagi" title="GULAG arxipelagi – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="GULAG arxipelagi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%E1%BA%A7n_%C4%91%E1%BA%A3o_Gulag" title="Quần đảo Gulag – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quần đảo Gulag" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%E6%A0%BC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="古拉格群岛 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="古拉格群岛" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q369944#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Walavafa gluyaxa" class="wbc-editpage">Va gluyaxa betá</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Yoltxo"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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style="border:0px solid #F0F2CE; vertical-align:top; padding-left:1em; padding-right:1em; text-align:justify; width:100%;"> <div style="margin-top:0.4em;font-size:140%;"> <center><b>Gulag tursia</b></center></div> <p><b>Gulag tursia</b> ( <a href="/wiki/Rossiava" title="Rossiava">rossiavon</a> <i>Архипелаг ГУЛаг ~ Arxipel GULag</i> ) tir vayarundeks ke <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Soljenitsin" title="Aleksandr Soljenitsin">Aleksandr Soljenitsin</a> <a href="/wiki/TSSS" title="TSSS">sovietaf</a> suterotik, taneon sanegayan bak 1973 koe <a href="/wiki/Franca" title="Franca">Franca</a>. </p><p>Gulag tursia va stoles bolk is poana kobara pendeyena koe <a href="/wiki/TSSS" title="TSSS">TSSS</a> suler. Birgoton sutelayan wali 1958 is 1967, bat suteks me tir izva va Gulag bolk mei mivizva vols remewaxa ke kosikeem ke Gulag : male 227 stolenikafa vrutara is bagala ke sutesik zo exoner. Soljenitsin tuelimar da « bata neva vas ganduyun koredik isu bifa me dogiskir. Kot ayik isu xo kan yoltack zo dasugdad. » </p><p><b>Gulag</b> ( rossiavon <i>Главное управление лагерей</i> ~ Nelkafa gadera va kobaso stolexo ) tir opelayolt kofaven gan sovietafa ristula ta dasugdara va idjaf viley pofes va stolexo ke poana kobara koe TSSS. <i>Tursia</i> trogarn zo faver, yunketeson va jonkara va stolexo is koinkera koe varafa patecta ton ewalatum grupen gan ant lanzanik gu sinafa frofara isu vegedura isu tikira. Batcoba va « Solovki gulag » dere aflar, i va stolexotum reduyun mali 1923 moe Solovetski ewaleem. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Buneks">Buneks</h2></div> <p>Enide taruteyer da rictaga va abdumimaks rononuyur, pune Soljenitsin birgotapon kobaveyer. Va sutelara va neva mali tena ke gakera koe Gulag stolexo wetce gaderopaf stolenik tozuyur. Va ebokuca ke mana sanegara jontikedje klabuyur ; birgaf ardial va gorara titosipeyer. Bak 1973 koe divefa patecta miv sanegayar radimida KGB ardial va tan ksudaks ke nubasuteks al enomayar. « Ton takra kallicana, remi konaka tanda va bata neva me djusanegayá beka ina tiyir gadiafa : goni tove blisik lodam awalkik gamion aldoaweyer. Voxen re, larde oskon sokaf ardial va bata neva al vangir, pune edjiskon govesanegá. » </p><p>Pintakirafa nega ke <i>Gulag tursia</i> va belcafa stolera va <i>zek</i> stolenik divrozad, i va stolenik nope nivafa mwa voxis gaderopaf stolenik : lan bolk lize wavidura gazayar, i wavidura ke susikeem voxis ke <i>blatnoy</i> tozekik ( ristula torigiyir da bantan tiyid « selton vuwaf » gu vertuma loeke dam « volnik ke sane » ok solsiik. Koe batyona stolexo, wideyackik bakoneyen nope wiiskafa tueaftara ke roti dere tigiyid. Soljnenitsin va mulaf « jiz » abdimalyeyen, is remburera va stolenik ( ton ixam zolonafa awalkereka ), is ristafa vertuma ke stolexo, is vanlaumara ke sopera is <i>zek</i> ota darpe <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stalinugal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stalinugal (me tisu bu)">Stalinugal</a> kali 1953 dere pimtar, i va ota jontikote gijafa loon dam gindugalafe sare. Stolenik ta poana frofara va <a href="/wiki/Sibiria" title="Sibiria">Sibiria</a> is Kazaxa dere zo malsaveyed kire kaiki tunuyara banlize loote di zo gonosokeyed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vildeks">Vildeks</h2></div> <p>Soljenitsin koe taneafa pakava va vonera is vegedura va rossiafa « stolesa raba » mali rossiafa artowara pimtar. Va gropeem ke stoles bolk ke TSSS gu tel ke rossiafo gindaxo doluner. Va yolt ke kosik isu askisik bazecker, ke lan bolk lize askisik kaiki yona tanda jontikviele di vanpid « kosik » nume koe tursia bad direfa sopesa runta miv di tigid. Soljenitsin suter da loviele volto juklotera ( ok uculera ) tiyir gorukafa ta sopera, voxen to skapafa krafiara is olegara va kobasik. An gunik ( Soljenitsin va batcoba meinde etrakar ) tir to <a href="/wiki/Stalin" title="Stalin">Stalin</a>. Tire rontafa conya dem virnaceem ke Lenin is artowasa rekola is rossiafa wideytafa geja kali Stalin atcer. </p><p>Toleafa pakava, ton durefa lizibela, va « boniara » va tursia sure warzeyena gan « stolenikaf rust » dilizeyes mali <a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a> kali sare ke pimtani tegi suler, don abdarafa stolera is remburera ko stolexo. </p><p>Bareafa pakava va kobara is awalkopera suler. Soljenitsin va tamava ke stolexo pimtar, is va fira ke stolenik mali dostegara kali awalkera voxis gesturansa is kunca is akola is udutaf susik. Va kirafe xe ke Stalinugal ( fereon envajayane ik mefavlafe ) pimtar, is va blira is kobara ke tikis stolenik. Ison Soljenitsin va ekapasa pulara va stolenikeem pimtar. Gomilayas stolenik jontikviele drion zo esteyed ise lokiewon dam gaderopaf tsunesik zo askipeyed kire me tiyid « divef olkoy ». Ostik, gaderopaf tsunesik gu tsunesik va dodelikaf runt zo torigiyid, is gu kevartowasik. Soljenitsin va divstolesa yovara pimtar, i va yovara levkimana gan glupuca is volluveduca ke patecta, is gan sazaf gropeem is burduca ke stolenikeem. </p><p>Koe balemeafa pakava ( <i>Gloga is sulgafem</i> ), Soljenitsin va swavafa blira is trakuray ke stolenik kodisuker. Suter maneke kostolexo is melanon abrotcifa stolera va olkik al ataled. Sedme in, abica katecta ta sintafa kopomara ok ravera va lovaca koe stolexo tiyid. Kiren blira koe stolexo al zo envayar enide « tanoy ok toloy awalkik va tanoy moblisik askitid ». Bligavace pu kottan milton me zo walmuneyed voxe zo getcayad inde toloy stolenik seotatason gokevalieyed. Koe ironokaf luz ke balemeafa pakava, Soljenitsin va ramiruk ke stoles bolk tove sovietafa sanelia pimtar. Suter eke jontik milsareik ke Stalin koe vudesisa is rodaxasa lidawicka bliyid ise kan beya anton rembliyid, isen eke lantan relmeteson dace zo jupayad. </p><p>Koe alubeafa pakava azu teveaf, Katorga bolk gire tir. Koe divblixo, Soljenitsin va swavasok ke irubasikeem ke Gulag pimtar ise va inafi bali wetce divblinik gu teli ke stolenik koe fiuntaf flint « koe vo » doluner. </p><p>Pereafa pakava radimi Stalin va rekola ke 1960<sup>-e</sup> sanda malyopason kodisuker. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taneafa_pakava_:_Stolesa_raba">Taneafa pakava : Stolesa raba</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sopera">Sopera</h4></div> <p>Tokkane va bata jontikedje birgafa tursia kosmat, i va Gulag ? Vaxe ristusik is stoles susik, korik kolapis kan tanoya is vrebafa joya askid, to kan sopera. Bata sopera mielon loviele dilized numen ton guntap, « vegungafa moneem is nudeem ke widava me wid ise me sonked ote olkik bad tanoy mielcek zo divstayad. » Ara sopera afizon rosokid, betlize koe nuda ok kobaxo ok golda voxe kottote tixolon zo askid : korik ezon zo jekur, wetce tec savsaf grupenik zo powar, betkane yontanon zo tagar... </p><p>Tokdume kosik ke batmana sopera me acagiyid ? Dye kire tiyid volgunaf isen mecoba spinkayar da gonaskiyid. Ostik va « bolk ke sopesa konakakola » me vangrupeyed, i va bolk danes va warzes azed vols malyerotafa kaaneyara va gunik. Preksa is sopes wiz zo gotukotrayad numen batdume bettan kare deolaca zo rosopeyer. </p><p>Soljenitsin va intafa sopera azu levganuca bam divrozar. Arti santanka radimi sopera koe Belarusa golda ke Moskva vawale baroy wideytakoraf ardialik (« <i>baroy com ke SMRC</i> ») tigiyir ; co rokizoyuyur, va tari co rovancalixar, voxe voldum kot stolenik merotiegackas va koncoba, « ardume » al amlitayar, karolason da tari umote me tiyir : sin tid dik mu jin, dikote ! Jinaf iegaks gan tol-decemoy korik ok dace jontolon co zo gilder, voxen to tol-decem-celemoy patectik gogruped ! Gojon trakú da to lanviele poapon iegatá eke di gildeted, i sin tol-decem-celemoy ayik... » To dace in va kelda van Lubyanka flint pu ardialik gobazeyer ! </p><p>Suterotik va setikeks me djustoker voxen va intaf vrutaks gu telyon ke aryon stolenik kakeveyen az razdayas belcekar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Izva_ke_yaxay">Izva ke yaxay</h4></div> <p>Soljenitsin va izva ke ora tukotrayana va Gulag vey nelkot ke voama tadlesa va voapa is yoltana gu yaxay azon ruer. Voldum izva co askisa va 1937<sup>-e</sup>-1938<sup>-e</sup> tolda gu antaf gemeltack ke sopereem ( Karlerapugal ), bazecker da « bata ora me tiyir antafa mei dace dalafa vox rotir tana baroya logijafa ilgluyayasa va grenyafa is alitasa stita ke minaf gort dem stoles yaxay. » Abdion, to Kulak korik tiyid, i bat san-alub-celemoy tawadayik rezgaleyen bak 1929-1930. Azon, tici geja bak 1944-1946, to yon varaf cos is konak celemoy sovietaf gejastolenik ton milafi bali tiyid. </p><p>Voxen tokviele batcoba tozuweyer ? Mali santaneaksat ke 1917, bewik ke pako aro dam Bolcevik pako zo sopeyed, kore al tiyid kevusik va gindafa vertuma ( i seltevartowasik is Mencevik pakoik is arotievik is seltevasaneevik ). Bak taneaksat ke 1918 Lenin dakteyer da « rossiaxo gu kota dasafa beza djutronayar ». Beomupuson Soljenitsin va yona amidafa dasafa bezinda bam wigar : tulon batyon « dodelik buldes vanpiyis torkevik mali kizera va torkeva ke dodelikeem vox soe re buldeckes varze kobara askina mu int ». Ok « bat kevkobasik nurutis gruadik » ( sedme Lenin ) is dotegisik is pilkotik ke bedablo ik ujadankasik is tucpastikye is gertikye is tucpatikya is sikes sumesutesik ikz-. Mali 1919, yontason va urbera, klibura nope vexala sokiyid, « trabe korik tis ton nuyuca zo sopeyed aze ve zeltayad. » </p><p>Azon ora meviele turodaweyer, divbureson va tce gaderopaf kevusik is flibik ke savsafa vertuma is korik uculen gu videra va moava ( bak moavavozugal vangiyis va GPU ardial vadimi 1929 ) is kottan rotublodan gu tinera ik skapafa tuderokara ke vertuma... Voxen ana ora tiyir tela ke <a href="/wiki/Griruntara_va_Kulak" title="Griruntara va Kulak">griruntayan <i>Kulak</i> tawadayik</a> bak 1929-1930. Bata tukrizafa dasugdara gu <i>Kulak</i> arbeteson va tawadayikeem zo kofaveyer. Banugale to varafa yasa zo rezgaleyed, dem ayikye is ayikya is rumeik ; kottan tsunes va <i>kolxoz</i> bolk wavidon zo sopeyed, ison dace « bet nomtakirik ik tawadayaf dodelik wetce <i>Kulak</i> kulik nivon zo pulayar ». </p><p>Azon geja va « ora » ware laumasiyir, dem germanafa sanelia ke TSSS, is sayakik anambudeyen gan germanik nek lajuyateyes kak redjelxo vox koridayan gu relmera, is wideytik ke xo lanviele kereleyeno gan volnik, is cos « derkeyes » ( Kalmuk is Tcetcen is Inguc is Balkar is Tatar ), is gestaf toidesik ikz-. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kotavera">Kotavera</h4></div> <p>Mali redura va « vila » ( Tceka az GPU ), « roletafa arienta toz zo epuyud », batinde artazukason va kot buntunik gu gociondan is gokalplatin koridanik enide in di welidayar. Mali 1919, xonukesisa dratcera kan westa moe azega tiyir dalafa favena diotetca. Nakera dere tuyavaweyer isen kowelidara bam vanpiyir an wazdeks. Soe kali 1937, teca rictara ( kason artukafa ) ke vamoeik tiyir adrafa, solve bak 1937-1938 xuton gu burkafa debala ugale yon celemoy korik ko Gulag stolexo zo stakseyed, pune kotaves ramisavik « va nakera is kimiskafa tizuca ronofaveyed ». </p><p>Soljenitsin va nelkaf xuvas mergileem bam wigar : i va zelara va keniba, is pobaxara is plukera is fidwara is rotuxadara is dratcera va yastik, is anteyara kan ruseta, is afi dun tisi runkafi koe fuxedja, is kobudera gu bor pinapaf eke stolenik dun gonoranyer, is ranyera ok badenyera remi jontik bartiv, is trenafa kalerura remi konak afizcek isu mielcek, is aelera, is meconyutasa vordavara kan luga ik bweda ik eyelt dem bixe, is selura va taiki ikz-. Mana nakera gu voltrakuks koe gindafo stolexo zo duvud. </p><p>Voxen kore buntunik va gunuca welidar, pune va yolt ke tokaf dofugik dere gonobilder. Koe batvulon inafa gojuca, va nik ixam tcaluteyen gan kogrupasik lasunendar, voxen beta inafa ewa gan bantan ta warzafa koridara di zo remstar. To vugote korobik va manyona xuvara rotacagiyid nume « va alto gu rapor betayad ». </p><p>Soljenitsin luxeon tir antaf koridanik ke intafa arienta ise zo buntur da co tir bewik ke « lan grustaks » yordanon da va ar korik al daalayar. Tolbelison va intafi vargi tici kogrupara moida gosuter, pune rabater da ramisavik va dalintaf xuyaf dakteks gu « evlodaf rotuxadaks » al artazukar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Faltafe_bwetke">Faltafe bwetke</h4></div> <p>Faltafe bwetke tiyir tele ke tantazukot ke bewik ke NKVD ardial. Bat luz vas to sin tikir, is vas sinaf swavay pimtan gan Soljenitsin. Solve Aleksandr II gindik miv zo kobudeyer enide va swavasok ke stolenik di vangrupeyer, pune kogrupas ramisavik tid enbrunaf gu satolera ke kosik. Isen batcoba tir vrebafa ta sinafi fli : lasumetrakuyud kiren edeme co gokagrupeyed da « arienta tickiyid roletafa ». Tiyid flibik ke lan foalk lanote gosules va olkik vols kaaneyas va ageltuca. Batdume gan to krunguca is vidjera va batyon stolenik mingas va volwelidara va gestafa derka zo blizesiyid, vols volto forendera. </p><p>Toloya lazavapa va sinafa tegira dandayad : wayeda ke roti is tela ke fliwuca. Roti va batman flibik alnitcayar kiren sin gan kottan kotlize zo kivayad. Sinafi roti va kota impavantinda ostik ravaldayar, i va tulon digiks dubieyen bas koridanik. </p><p>Bewik ke Sokafa Musuca ( yoltayan gu « vila » gan Soljenitsin ) koe flint ok Gulag stolexo dile miv tigiyid, tulon tode gan ora zo jidieyed, i gan batyona turingarapa ape gorayana gan Stalin ( ewavason, Soljenitsin va « bulafa mwa vas tuwarzara va vileyeem » pulvir ). Batinde taneaf emacek dem Yagoda zo sulayar, azen toleaf bak 1937 dem Nikolay Yejov, azen ware ar dem Abakumov is Berya. </p><p>Azon suterotik salon is loeke sonuson biber : kas artode dere int co vanpiyir tanbat tiglik ? Kas bat ayik tiyid kum arcoba nume va lag nivon rokotaskiyid ? Soljenitsin setiker da koe kotla bak <a href="/wiki/1938" title="1938">1938</a> va denfira va NKVD ardial mbi drageyer. Voxe al vewayar kire nekev gogoleem is kubapa koekon balveyer. Wori dere kagruper da kot kotlik ape co kempayar ede jontikeke co zo xuvayar. </p><p>Ostik in va ravera dikiyir numaze vanpiyir fayik koe ervolia ba Stalingrad meld, nume va gogol ke roti di grupeyer. Levplekun gu figapafa bakera is « viklun dum snavol », krumton is vliguson linulayar, volwegayeson pojason va jonkaf ugaf gogol solve nivaf sayakik ton copuca awalkeyed. « Usize va ayik gu to batcoba sokartazukar », ~ suterotik zolter, tison gwidaf is malyopackas va int. </p><p>Ironokafa zixa nover da in va intafa fayikafa krumtuca malyopapason luzdar. Sopeyen, dene stoleniktum tigir, dem konak nivaf sayakik is tanoy germanaf wideytik divstan tori lanirapa. Susik bazer da in va intafa zolpapa dem jontika eluxaxa goburer. Voxen bet fayik dace sopeyen va mana tervasa muka gomebureyer. Batdume in va susik powayar enide to germanik va zolpa tir buresik. Susik kaxaayar. Germanik fure kuncayar numen sayakik ta burera va zolpa goledungeyed, vols in fayik. Vamoion, Soljenitsin kle nedir inde usize va int artowayar ise va volmalyafa vamoefa satolera vanziliyir, ise nuer da tela intafa tila co tiyir kase usize co tiyir faltafe, trabe kase co tiyir ke NKVD. Gue banugale, djuprotiyir tiglik dum batyon bewik ke Sokafa Musuca. </p><p>Sedme Soljenitsin coba soye me tid opelafa : volto ayik « kum glogaja » va kotbata gomilara raplekuyud isen conya wale kiewuca is rotuca va takra ke kot ayik remfir, liziweson darpe goaspil num platison va ayik van dile oretlik ok arviele tumtik. </p><p>Tere Soljenitsin exuker da bat gomilasik al me zo komalyed. Solve Taltefa Germana va 86000 <i>Nazi</i> gomilasik al lanzayar, pune anton mon sanoy korik koe TSSS zo lanzayad. Ede saneliaf baxek co zo malaskiyir, pune to tol-vunt-alub-kunoy korik koe TSSS co zo gokomalyed. Suterotik va kobudera va sin meiu nakera me pulvir, voldum sin al askid, voxe anton djuseotar da kottan volunt di kalir : « Gue, tiyí tiglik is adjubesik. » </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Taneafa_sogza,_taneafa_rena"><span id="Taneafa_sogza.2C_taneafa_rena"></span>Taneafa sogza, taneafa rena</h4></div> <p>Lana gundaca wal kontega ke taneafa rena i taneaf vieltum koe kogrupasa sogza ke kotgrupaf Lubyanka flint zo exoner : « Wori me toz til vadulaf gu bat boikes sid mei orikafa rebava mei sevak vols to batyon ayik », i gu ayik fure pakas va stolenikafa vieleuca. Soljenitsin koe luz icde kogrupara va sostasa vertuma ranker, i va vertuma kalfavena gan Vila lidam altokafa nakera enide stolenik va gestafa gomilara di welidar. Voxen batyon ayik is bata dofa sogza dum klokara awid, i dum klokara ta katrasira va ayafa blira dene ayikeem is pulvira is ravera is walpulvira num dimbliewera, voxise batceson da icde kotcoba al xaar ise va kottan al relmer lodame koe fuk ceneson co awalkeyer ise va meka eluxaxa co sugdayar. Bat luz kle tir ayafamapaf lize Soljenitsin va kakevera do stolen dositik fronar nume lajuvangruper kane flint rovanpir « aldaf viank ke tira vols bup ». Va Fastenko vewaso va diersa is rewaso va etrakara ke Descartes rungrupet, is va LVZ- dritik siaf lidam sipoyaf is banliz stakseyen gan lickuca ke miljik, is va Yuri Ye toidesik zanon gu Germana vox ireglieteson djukozaniyise va TSSS numaz kobudeyene, is dere Viktor Belov vanpiyis « Mixail tec gindik ke Tumtafa Rossia »! Wali kotbata awira tisa gaeltamka koe nilafa sogza, Soljenitsin va armor ke flintaf vielcek pimtackar, dem lanira ko divcepaxo ( toltomon vieleon ) is fispafa estura is gozara vas tol-sanoya wexa moe kepaita ke Lubyanka. Voxen moekote inafa <i>Bolcevik</i> rietava gan dulapafa is tixolafa prilara do pusik dun zo posar nume adre yargadawer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bak_ban_imwugal">Bak ban imwugal</h4></div> <p>Bat luz va tena ke Toleafa Tamavageja is bali ke stolenik ke germanik dazur. Gubeon kottan « grupeyes » va Talteka gu ont gejaf stolenik ok ont irubasik ke kereleno tawavo zo askiper. Soljenitsin va <a href="/wiki/Stalin" title="Stalin">Stalin</a> vinter, i va Stalin me sugdayas va bioga icde rokeem ke gejaf stolenik numen batcoba jupackar da sovietaf stolenik tire tid tel loroton askipen. In va bali ke sovietaf gejaf stolenik mali dimlapira ko vo dere daborer. Tire sin va Gulag loote zo vankolad kiren duntura kev volnik, gu emdura sye zo torigir. Sayakik gralomeyen gan <i>Nazi</i> az dimlapiyis ko TSSS ( abdi tena ke geja tod divstolera, ok radimi koboda ) gu sandaf stolerugal az loplekufa alubda vas wideytafa aytcura cugote zo lanzad ; neken koe germanafo stolexo al kobayad oke va giva bildeyed oke me. </p><p>Suterotik icde rossiaf sayakik kazokeveyes va Vlasov jadiwik ta tunuyara bas <i>Bolcevik</i> bolk va vo dere vangaver. Doaliera kev batyona tanta ubzeyed, ton wazdera ke dandanuca ke batyon solsiik. Soljenitsin va otama dem relmesik va guga ke banugale Engla nekev mejera ke engalf dodelikeem inde Karl Marx pimtayar tulanibelcar, gu otapa dem solsiik is relmesik is emdusik abduplekuna gan Stalin, numen batcoba sedme in tickir wazdera da « ageltucaf relmesik va guga » en tir miv Stalin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Foalkxo">Foalkxo</h4></div> <p>Bat luz va poopula is towara ke OSO diotexa, trabe wilupafa malyesa nuva reduyuna gan Tceka vila pimtar. Luz va nuveem jupasa va grinuyara va kontan is rietolk ke jiz dere munester. Amidaca ke malyerotind kapbure tel memalyerotaf krulder isen suterotik vaon boyar. Fli ke erkey va mwelinda nujivanzilir solve mulafa nuva ke OSO jupad da jontik korik ko Gulag stolexo lodrikon is lokalion zo staksed. Soljenitsin tulanibelcar : va yasegafa mulafa malyera lize buntunik va int me ronorojur isen tcuxa abdiston zo gruper, gu konak jizap ke gindugal, tulon : Dmitri Karakozov lagaytayas va gindik va aluteik rokayar ; Andrey Jelyabov sanegon pakeyes va adjubera va Aleksandr II zo malyeyer ; <a href="/wiki/Vera_Zasulitc" title="Vera Zasulitc">Vera Zasulitc</a> viltayas va lan ardialaf okilik arti sanegaf jiz zo vanbuluyur. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rumeafa_mwa">Rumeafa mwa</h4></div> <p>Luz va malyerinda bak taneaf tandatum ke sovietafa Rossia pimtar. Suterotik tozur, bildeson va ota dem klibura skuyuna gan Tceka ardial koe tol-sanoya rossiafa winka wali 1918 is acku ke 1919 : 8339 zeltanik, is doluneson gu orig sanegayan bak 1907 gan taltokevafa gruadafa rega is vexalayas va klibureem ke gindafa Rossia wali 1826 is 1904, vas 894 xonukalanzara ensopuyuna ; trabe koe varafa Rossia sanon leon dam koe mon tol-sanoya winka bad anton tanoya tanda is acku gan ant Tceka ardial. Soljenitisin stragar da dace kodoplekuson va rujarapa moi artowara ke 1905 dem 950 klibura bad tandacku, baxek en tir vas xonukik baron leon dam telyon ke tandacku moi artowara ke saneaksat ke 1917. </p><p>Wana ke luz va vayara va konak sanegaf jiz ektudar, i va jiz ke rekola kaatoena gan Nikolay Krilenko koridas malyesik. Dalafa rieta ke batyona malyera tiyir da kontan nope intafa direfa rotisa tegira vols intafa rabateyena tegira zo gokomalyeyer. Vayayan jiz tid : </p> <ul><li>Bareaksat ke 2018 : jiz va Novaya Izvestia fela biuyuna bak 1918 kir « lakrubeyes va lana turestara va swava », isen inaf sutelasik bu sogzafa vertuma vas baraksat zo lanzar.</li></ul> <ul><li>Balemeaksat ke 1918 : jiz va baroy kogrupas amisavik is tanoy avonayan aluteikmiv koflintayas den Tceka va lan volgunik moi ikadineyes va purga vas 60000 <i>rubl</i> talolk pu kurenik, vox rankeyen gan ar aluteik yoltkiraf gu Yakulov. Krilenko « va udutafi is durulafi restali menyurnasi va olkikaf nideks ke derka » kev buntunik erur. Erkey va kogrupas ramisavik gu koflintata vas tevaksat, is va aluteik gu zersa gaker, voxen Kirilenko va gakera vas sanda is alubda kadimion lajulaumasir.</li></ul> <ul><li>Toleaksat ke 1919 : jiz va avonanik ke stujesa neda ke Tceka, i va bewik do lan toides ankesik isu vezusik va tunuyara va kulik koflintayan gan Tceka moorteyed numen sin va blirindanya koe Petrogad pu int ravaldayad, i va kulik rankeyen gan mil Yakulov bal daref jiz. Tanoy koridanik is tel toidesik zo klibud ( is rankeyeson va jontikar bewik ke Tceka bak kogrupara ) isen tel vezusik koe sogza zo jivar, isen tatceteson va jadifa jizara va Tceka, Krilenko va arienta gu motegireem ke ant koridanikeem anamkoder. Krilenko va yona darefa lanzara va dalaf koridanik dace malsaver.</li></ul> <ul><li>Taneaksat ke 1920 : jiz va gertapik gunaf gu kevartowarafa galbedura is kevura va kucilodara va kiewega ke Uja kizey. Nekev noeltafa ( voxaz norefa ) tunera, xonukagakera zo kucilar. Kucilodara zo dunur, dandason da « azavzare ke Tceka sulase va klibura tir oklaca ke sovietafi roti voxe me vebar da gotorigiv da uum icde klibura kotvieli al zo tciner ». Tere gakeks gu stolera koe rezgalexo zo nuner.</li></ul> <ul><li>Anyusteaksat ke 1920 : jiz va gruadik yasegon is metazukton katanayan ta keyaksera va gotitisa linulara tod surtera va Kerik bak rossiafa wideytafa geja, az ware suteyes icde intaf aneyarind ( rokopa, tawamiduropa, skapopa ) eze marxevafa xuta bak bana rekola. Ke koridanikeem, Aleksandra Tolstoya nazbeikya ke <a href="/wiki/Lev_Tolstoy" title="Lev Tolstoy">Lev Tolstoy</a> gu barda koe rezgalexo zo lanzayar.</li></ul> <p>Sutesik stragar da Yakulov aluteik taneaskiyis va toloy jiz kev Tceka ardial, mali 1918 zo sopuyur. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mwa_tumilgawer">Mwa tumilgawer</h4></div> <p>Luz va drunara va sanegaf jiz dilizeyes bak 1921-1922 loote ektudar : </p> <ul><li>Alubeaksat ke 1921 : jiz va dritik ke Anteyarotafa Ristula, kagan gu sikera va yeldafa is intafa is tolnafa borpara. Dritik zo tugunad solve sutesik va giugafa is kevkalisa benplekura ke ardilik buntur : voxen derokuca ke aptacik askir da erkey vanyer koxaf tove sin.</li></ul> <ul><li>Toleaksat ke 1922 : jiz va korik ksesiyis va Oldenborger okiladritik ke Lavafu Sistu ke Moskva ; Oldenborger va lavafa borpara va Moskva remi tolsanda al gedinyir, voxen vidjera ke lickik num sikera is emodara az kotkane jizopafa tca jupad da Oldenborger ve miser numaze kser. Nelkaf koridanik gu flintafa tanda zo lanzar solve aryon biwe zo boked.</li></ul> <ul><li>Balemeaksat ik pereaksat ke 1922 : jiz va gertokilik ke Moskva is Petrograd, gunaf kir tsuneyes va poana kucilodara va kiewegeem tigis koe uja. Pomatason va kosik ke <a href="/wiki/Aelakolacek_ke_1921-1922_koe_Tatara" title="Aelakolacek ke 1921-1922 koe Tatara">aelakolacek koe Volga gola</a>, bantan va kuranafa bundara al kevnaleyed, voxen boxere boyaruyur nume va poana kucilodara tere kexiyir. Koe erkey gertokilik ke Moskva vol djugruider ise va plukera koaykana gan koridasik en vewar. Sanoya xonukalanzara zo piskoted.</li></ul> <ul><li>Teveraksat ik anyusteaksat ke 1922 : seltevaf artowasik zo komalyed beka va lana emnagara ke 1919 icde kevura gu Kerik bak 1918 belundad azise kev vertuma me al exaksad. Sinaf jiz va sanegara bak alubeaksat ke 1922 va granseks malaskir, i va granseks ke <a href="/wiki/Lenin" title="Lenin">Lenin</a> wastes va eafturapa dem kima anton gotuna gan « artowasa jiluca » ik « artowasa malyera ».</li></ul> <ul><li>Anyusteaksat ke 1924 : moi dimpira ko Rossia, Boris Savinkov nope kevartowasa tegira bak rossiafa artowara zo komalyer. Erkey va xonukalanzara me kucilar voxe va gakerama vas sandafa stolera piskoter. Savinkov koe flint moi divdilkara xonuker ; winugaf siatos va ksera zolter voxen Soljenitsin va vrutaks ke savsaf Tceka ardialik nuruyadjubeyes ozwar.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Milgafa_mwa">Milgafa mwa</h4></div> <p>Sutesik va konak logavef sanegaf jiz ( tici 1920<sup>-e</sup> sanda is bak 1930<sup>-e</sup> sanda ) sebur, i va jiz va dritik is <i>Mencevik</i> pakoik is flibik, ise va kima ke nazbana konakilara nedir. Tire nekev nakera is volbelaca is yosafa buntura is dratcera, ba jizfruga lan kaganik va gonokalin siatos vol djukareizud ; va lana teca keviera ke tcokesikeem bad tanbat jiz dere munester. Damo ronekina arpuma ke xonukalanzara, lantan va gomalyes palsotik dile sanegon dace buntud. Soljenitsin pebur da Stalin nope to arpuma ke koridanikafa mealguca, va sanegaf jiz tici 1930<sup>-e</sup> sanda tere levebgayar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bocafa_sabega">Bocafa sabega</h4></div> <p>Soljenitsin batlize va xonukagakera ( okon « bocafa sabega ta seltafa nendara » sedme winuagafa yoltara ) batlize vayar. Bana koe gindafa Rossia mebelon zo ksubeyer, isen Yelisaveta gindik va parmafa klibura remi intaf gindugal dace al biuyur. Kevoke ina remi sovietafi roti jontikote zo rewayar : acum riwe 1700000 korik koe TSSS wali 1919 is 1939 zo zeltayad, voxisen bata ota vas olkikeem zuvdayan moe ankittota azon belxasiyina, me ruldar. Abica porgafa tunera va ana gakera sokiyid, bak 1917 az 1920 az 1945 ( viele ina gan gakera vas tolsanalubda koe stolexo ) zo ikaplekuyur, voxe abiceke zo rewayad. Jontika yonta xonukalanzatason zo malsaveyed : tulon tawadayik zo klibuyud kire va werdol iskeyen domon ice taya moi warolara koe <i>kolxoz</i> dotaxo, arlon al zo koilkayad. Stoles gropeem ke xonukalanzanik tir figapaf ; kes ugal abdi klibura rotir vas konak aksat isen grigakera ok dace dimrokaranya entixolon is merotabdiwinon dile zo rewad, numen batcoba jupar da lanzanik wan tid algaf ise me tarled, vaxeon abictode. </p><p>Sutesik va afigasuteks is yolt ke mon sanoy stolenik zeltayan sanegar, miwason va orpa ke lanyon remblisik ginyases va manyon afigasuteks ba kot ilanuk ke awalkera ke Stalin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tyurzak_:_stolera">Tyurzak : stolera</h4></div> <p>Bat luz va pimtara va stoles gropeem koe flint ektudar lizo stolenik abdi Gulag zo staksed. Sutesik poebur da jadif stoles gropeem tikis vas gaderopaf stolenik wali gindafe sare isu tele sovietafe al zo ligundeped ; acum <a href="/wiki/Vera_Figner" title="Vera Figner">Vera Figner</a> pwader da « volto gadesik va flint kev stolenik iegayar volsen to bantan va in dapnariyid ». Soljenitsin ostik trakur da akeoyera ke gindafa vertuma jontikote tiyir danexa ke mekivara ke gaderopaf stolenikeem. Lok ke luz va bata ligundewera ke blira ke stolenik yunker, tulason va kategira ke flintaf susik kev aelyastera : bak gindugal, Feliks Dzerjinski arti aelyastesa alubka nope intafa kaldinera zo keldaskiyir solve sovietaf flintaf susik arti aelyastera vas tolsanka kaxaamad radimida va askisik al kofuxedjar isen va poana sinkara dile kucilad. Bata amidaca, nope axuca ke trotskievaf sayudasik abditcon jovleyen va yovana yastera, belcon zo pebur, voxis nope gracasa gotuskuca ke gaderopaf stolenikeem kare dilintafo pako ( doevik is seltevik is trotskievik ikz- ), maneke bak 1937 ristula en di tiyir meblodafa tove « kottan awalkes nope aelyastera ». Jadion, kota dimvegesa yovara boksason zo rujar. </p><p>Stoles gropeem dere tir amidaf kare sare. Icde sinkafe vace, gaderopaf stolenik remi 1920<sup>-e</sup> sanda zo askipecker, kum vieleon atela is iewafa rostela, voxe bak 1931-1933 dum arak ke patecta abicote mbi namyer, aze vas loote tokoda vox leote duga bak toleafu acku ke 1930<sup>-e</sup> sanda zo blotayad. Bak 1947 vieleafe vace koe aptaf flint ke Vladimir tickiyir dem beg vas 450 g- is toloyi botaki is tolon vieleon abica lembieda idulafa vox sinkansasa voxis kimiskon idularsafa lava. </p><p>Jadion, uzerara va yastik is gropeem ta gozara is arsayura is ugdara tid amidapaf kare xo is ilana. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Toleafa_pakava_:_Durefa_lizira">Toleafa pakava : Durefa lizira</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tota_ke_Tursia">Tota ke Tursia</h4></div> <p>Stolexo ke Gulag tigiso sume kogrupaxo, batcoba va burebafe levedrepe tuadrar, ison remburera cugeke tixolon zo goskuyur : kle kan impadimak zo askir isen arura va kametca koe lanyona golda eze xo nobano gan nuyaf koyasik zo skuyud. Rezgalera va stolenik kan impadimak va gindugal klaar, voxen kan gubef impadimak pakon zo skuyur ( tulon <a href="/wiki/Lenin" title="Lenin">Lenin</a> bak 1896 kan impadimak dem nuyik zo rembureyer ). <i>Zak</i> omaze yoltayane gu <i>Stolipin</i> vey savsaf gindaf taneeldik gan stolenik, malsavene gan sovietafa ristula ta remburera va stolenik, dere tir ke gindafe sare voxe va amidafa caveinda malaskir. Tire tanoy omazef brid vas tevoy korik bak gindugal eroldiskon giruldayar, solve bak sovietaf firday vas cugon 36 olkik dile ruldayar, bak koyara rojijasa vas 36 bartiv ik tanoya safta. Namyese sinkavace tid pinafe : beg vas mon 500 g- is abica bota isu turodayan kabay ( tulon aaltuk ); gan fuzodesik dere giblotajan, vace dile zo enomayad. Ison jontikviele va lava pu stolenik me namyeyer enide va kottan ko divcepexo ta sevara rape vertot tantanon me di gostayar. </p><p>Sovietafa vertuma dere tir amidafa gu tela ke gindugal kire va nivaf stolenik gu gaderopaf stolenik me solparsar. Acum Pyotr Yakubovitc pwader da solparsayanon zo kametcayar, is gulianon loeke dam nivaf stolenik ; abdion Aleksandr Radictcev va jontik dafuks ta zalor kal stolexo rokayar. Bata belcekara va enidoskara ke nivaf stolenik dofugon gu fuzodes susik nekir, i gu susik caes az kadoletes va dubieyena kiewega ika staruma is ar gunt. Bata felisa tirka ke gomilusik tir rotisa kiren gaderopaf stolenik loote tid bumaf korik me gigrustas voxisen ristula va gomilusik « selton vuwaf » tugelukar kiren bantan me tid filpaf gu guga : sinaf jiz cugviele tid leon tizaf isen sin va rubuca loon dam gaderopaf stolenik belundad. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Molt_ke_Tursia">Molt ke Tursia</h4></div> <p>Luz va remdolekas flint tigis moo vawa ke stolexo ke Gulag is koe kota kelotafa weboka pimtar. Gropeem ke blira tir gundaf gu tel koe kametca : kerelerarsa va sogza, is dika sinka, is wavduca ta divcepera, is askiperaja ke susik is nivaf stolenik. Ostik tigira ke rifta is ubiga rodeasa va akola dum riftakola va konakakola nekir nume sostara va remdolekas flint dile zo exoner. Acum lantan remi konak aksat koe batman remdolekas flint zavzagiyid. Stolenik va warzot pu yasa gonostaksed voxen ristula va eluxa is ogalt me tiskar neke va lajusuteyena twa dear. Sutesik va remdolekas flint ke Presnya utca koe <a href="/wiki/Moskva" title="Moskva">Moskva</a> porfeon lodabrotcion pimtar, i va flint ton blis gropeem ware lorotaf lizo cug stolenik bal impadimakaf zalor mal sopexo kal stolexo zo remdolekayad. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Levetirikafa_teremta">Levetirikafa teremta</h4></div> <p>Luz va stolenikafa kametcapa van stolexo ektudar. Tire <i>Stolipin</i> omaze va stara va stolenik kal remdolekas flint nelkon zanudad solve remburera kal stolexocko kan logijaf impadimak zo giskur ; bane omaze va bendig dadid voxen yeld gan ristula dikote zo tiskar. Koe lanyona gola ( tulon <a href="/wiki/Oryol" title="Oryol">Oryol</a> ) bak rujapasa rekola dum tela ke <a href="/wiki/Griruntara_va_Kulak" title="Griruntara va Kulak">Griruntara va Kulak</a>, mana kametca va remdolekas flint kotvielon buluyud maneke stolenikafa yasa koe golda aultoveyed ise va warzot ke yasik lasuseotayad ; rictaga va sus vakol tatceteson zanieyer. </p><p>Kametca kan voafa joya dere zo roskud, tulon moo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yenisey_(kuksa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yenisey (kuksa) (me tisu bu)">Yenisey</a> bost isu <a href="/wiki/Severnaya_Dvina_(kuksa)" title="Severnaya Dvina (kuksa)">Dvina</a> isu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ob_(kuksa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ob (kuksa) (me tisu bu)">Ob</a>, ton nuxafa gropa. Remburera dile tir birafa, tulon van <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saxalin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saxalin (me tisu bu)">Saxalin</a> ewala ok <a href="/wiki/Kolima_(Gulag)" title="Kolima (Gulag)">Kolima</a> gola, isen sutesik va baroya rupa munester viele remburesa tota gan opra zo elekayar isen stolenik kobudeyen koe totayultxo bak firdera xonukeyed. </p><p>Konaktode stolenik ka stolexo remi yone decemoye decitmetre sotre vieleaf greelt vas 25 km-, dem dika lava isu sinka, lanison gonokoyayad. Isen kan beta faveyena liziba, jontik stolenik xonukeyed abdida artlapiyid. </p><p>Ba artlapira va mukotxo, to fereon rembliyis stolenik va vredaja miv gonovegeduyud, is dace va kelotxa beitutuna gan direfa stolenikafa runta. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ewalewalon">Ewalewalon</h4></div> <p>Koe bat mivizvapaf luz, Soljenitsin pwader kane arti konaka gakesa tanda, va lokoxaf gropeem dam ar stolenik rovobelundayar. Tire artlapison va kobaso stolexo, stolenik va intafa eba gobazer enide susik va pilkovafa stinuca ke lantan konkase romalsaver. Soljenitsin al dakteyer da tiyir edegopaf aptacik numazen batcoba askiyir da arti konaka tanda dene <i>caracka</i> tanta ton lokoxaf gropeem zo player ; va bata zixa koe <i>Taneafu ivamu</i> berpot di pimtayar. </p><p>Luz va setikera va koyara van Moskva ektudar, viele in « apton » zo fuzodeyer, keson va warzafa playera. Zalor kan koyasikaf impadimak do susik wideytakoron vagekiraf megrupenon zo askir. In va kakevera va Nikolay Timofeyev-Resovski koe flint ke Moskva dere pwader, isen lojadion kane warzot mal lan flint kal ar zo dead, kan stolenik prilas num batkane pisus va giva darpe arburera. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bareafa_pakava_:_Awalkopera_kan_kobara">Bareafa pakava : Awalkopera kan kobara</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gelteem_ke_Avrora">Gelteem ke Avrora</h4></div> <p>Koe bat luz Soljenitisin va vanblira ke Tursia dem stolexo ta poana kobara koe <a href="/wiki/TSSS" title="TSSS">TSSS</a> divrozar. Sedme in, ina tir vey « mam ke buli ke Avrora », i ke <i>Bolcevik</i> tota buliyisa va Fentugalafa Berma bravasa va abdarafe bowere bak taneaf tandatum ke Artowara ke Santaneaksat ke 1917. In va muxana kuranira ke <a href="/wiki/Lenin" title="Lenin">Lenin</a> « ta elvarsafa is porsafa sabegara ta ugdara » pimtar. Batinde Soljenitsin va vanblira ke stoles bolk to gu rietoda ke doeva nuvekastar. Porfeon va Marx ozwar, i va Marx bazeckeyes koe <i>Malyopara</i> da « tanaf mergil ta turontara va stolenik tickir warzesa kobara ». Bata rietova ko mweem kan « Abdaraf piskot icde deswara va nuyuca » ke 23/07/1918 zo viwazer, i piskoteks va : « Korik deswamb va nuyuca vox rodekobas altokon gonokobar ». In dere drigdar da Lenin koe sumesuteks bak anyusteaksat ke 1918 suteyer : « Kobudera va iltrakunik koe stolexe eze widava ». Ostik : «... va zegodafa is durulafa mayesira ...» Moi bat sumesuteks, ba 05/09/1918, trogarn vas « rezgalexo » koe Kexi ke SNK ( rossiavafi ori vas <i>Pirdot dem sanef ramisavik</i> ) icde Kerafa Eaftuca awir. Pimtara va gropeem ke blira koe batyono taneafo stolexo radimfir. Tere in « va badeem zanudas va titek ke Tursia » pimtar : amidaf viley ( fereon yoltkiraf gu ori ) ke warzafa sovietafa soka adre zo redud ikaze zo jead aze gu Gulag bolk tere va sint skelad. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tursia_div_bira_gepoyter">Tursia div bira gepoyter</h4></div> <p>Batlize taneaf tandatum ke « wolga gadafa gu Solovki » sedme yoltaks ke Soljenitsin zo pimtad. Bat ewalatum valenttalte Rossia va sposafe tucpastaxe bravayar, i va tucpastaxe firdeyene bak 25/05/1923 nope « divilkasa rietara icde digiks volke kobara ». Ironokaf tucpastik zo aloyayad azen xo « ta avplekura va lentefo stolexo apton yordaso » zo kucilodayar ; isen sedme stolenikafa urima : « Beto tumtaxo me zo guvlardar ». Bato stolexo « boksapafo tiso intotcaca ke sokasane ke dodelikeem is tawadayikeem » bak teveaksat ke mil ilanacek zo turunkar. </p><p>Azon Soljenitsin va ordafa artlanira ke kon stolenik dalinger ; susik koe dewitca tuelimar : « Batlize volto Sovietafe Sokasane voxu to <i>solovietafe</i> tir !» Kaikion sutesik va vanblira ke bata toleafa tamava biuna gu aotcera do tela taneafa karaker : Tursia tir cos koe vedey, dem intaf pilkaf mweem. Soljenitsin va intafa draga gu mayesisa rupa icde gropeem ke blira koe stolexo ciaer ise va folvaferimaf alpoz aotces va kulte is vertove divnedir : stolenik va fekiraf opelaf eyelt dile diskid, plukera dun zo rewad isen pursara tid udutapafa ( tulon me rotuzason va sid, stolenik va milbava moe sotcena viza govider kire edeme zo alier ; gluyedanon bene flag ticu fogelom dem 365 avlak zo titosiped, oke ton lebuca ben aal zo vaniksantud ise pu valpok zo bilded ). Soljenitsin icde zaskafa blira ke monef sulemeem soe dere beonur ; tulon, lan gransera ke GPU ardialik tiyir : « Va aganta megac !! Xay meviltac, vaxeon va stolenik ‼» Bata divulafa trutca tikisa va vanpokefa grustara ke taneaf tandatum zo duvur da tir « divulafa aotcera va uduturapa is medoplekura ware vrabuckamafa [...] Abic stolenik ke Solovki banugale minieyed da cade ke bat lentef Auschwitz batlize tigiyid, da teyxo tove kottan al zo kofenkuyud. » </p><p>Titi 1930<sup>-e</sup> sanda joara is tozura va warzaf firday sokiyid, yunkenon gu tazukoy ke Neftali Frenkel : « Stolenik to bak taneaf baraksat va rotaskina cugcoba godaskir, kaikion va in mea olegav. » Soljenitsin va kultos ke poana kobara bam toz lorder, i ke kobara ton nelkot dum « kobas vielcek ba tenukera va kobara zo tenuker », ise va virnafa gropa jontikviele dakisa va awalkera ke kobasik divnedir : « afizcekon is mielcekon, remgabeson va naelmiel afidon gu tolnagum, fenkuson va binka rem pailtaxo, zaedivason va kros, bak noldotcek vanbedes va nolda mo vawa vamo rane ke ayik. » Soljenitsin va otcera ke lan stolenik munester ; bantan va vrutaks di sanegar : <i>Ewala ke kusto</i> ~ S-A- Malagozov. Bata neva taulepeyer aze va emodas tawuk ke europaf doevaf pakoeem nekiyir, i ke neyik ruyes da doeva va mana stezaca vol kir. Kodisukeson va stolexo, rossiafe bowere va <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maksim_Gorki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maksim Gorki (me tisu bu)">Maksim Gorki</a> sposaf suterotik stakser. Nekev mastura va dalaf relkaceem, ini va dilizesa coba nuve vofayar voxe rietodon narar da « Solovki zo ewotarsar kiren stolenik kiewapon koeon blid ise va int katcalon turontad ». </p><p>Azon yona nega va jontikote klibura is pradja koe ketaf taway tid lize <i>zek</i> stolenik va vawa is kelot vegedud. Batinde Tursia al vanblir ise koe Solovki atriyir, aze va intafa rotafamafa laumara vanmia patecta tozuyur. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tursia_va_vetolk_stakser">Tursia va vetolk stakser</h4></div> <p>Ba 26/03/1928 Sovnarkom grustaks kagruper da rujasa gaderopa tir dika nume gorar da « boksafa sabegara tove runtaf volnik is divef katcolk zo gorewar ise va stolesa vertuma gotufebar [...] ise va emudese ceke ke kobaso boniaxo fiste golaumasitir. » Soljenitsin va kliotafa blirizva va Neftali Frenkel bilder, i va savsaf nivaf stolenik pimtan ton vegeduropik va stolexo ke poana kobara inde sino fu zo koinked. Bantan va <a href="/wiki/Stalin" title="Stalin">Stalin</a> bak 1929 kakever ise va azed pu in nudulapes konedir. </p><p>Azon pintakirafa nega va toloya ctakafa nega tid : Stalin narilt ( Beloye Bira / Balta Bira ) is Volga-Moskva narilt. Soljenitsin va toloy suteks munestes va batyon sizuntas kiewaskiks ke sovietaf malyerotaf bolk loote malsaver. Taneaf suteks gan sutesikaf tum gadeyen gan Maksim Gorki zo doskuyur. Ferera ke tacokesa negara, va eaftafa geltruca askir da Soljenitsin va karfapas is beonaf is balges martig tove banyon sutesik dusivas va dimgaara kan kobara rovovoker : i va « ayikaf taneugot sotir wavdapaf gu nyofara loon dam inta, [...] dimglotcara sometir djumera va solwikara kan vanyeracka ta tunuyara, volse en swavayarura, i okluca ke vegedusik. » ~ Gorki . </p><p>Erava ke Stalin narilt tir suxara va narilt abrotcaf vas 226 km- dem 19 biza wale Beloye Bira is Balta Bira remo raporaf is tapanaf siday bad anton 20 aksat. Pradja ton kotrafa megrustara zo bokar : mek pol vanlizukedan ta dadira va vegedus xekeem ( ku is impokasiko is foalk ikz- ), inta ika azil zo yazgar, dritik va eluxa ta zovdara is gatcita dace me dadid : kotcoba nubedon zo goskur. Sutesik va batcoba gu « pirtafa tazukoyera ke Tceka bewik va ckanef lag » yoltackad. Banlize vaneksara me tir, vreda me tid, mek conyukaks mei azed tid : kerujura is volroslasa edja va kota abdilafa vayara reyud. Ku kum inta lizukon zo epud, dace krafol ke trumi lizukon zo jed. Soljenistsin drigdar da ckane « vas balem-decitda » gaveyer. Loplekur : « Aytas foalk tiyir to batcoba. Ta kolnara va tiexo, tie graciyir. » Ke stolenikeem grustayan ton taksatum, to nivaf olkoy va lova askid isen tuelicara tickir : elice dun zo grustad : lantan va tawa loote divokseter, ikz-. Sinkavace ke kota taksa gan dofa danexa zo gotur. Stolenik va kuvafa trakula icde skun lag gonomuxad ise va kaikfira va azed volunt godined ise va riwera ke skun gaapas lag gosisked. Rietatason va geltruca, <i>Mialafa blira</i> neva ke Vitovksi zo ozwar : « Viele afizcek koe pradja tenuwer, pune awalkoda moe sid zavzagid. Nolda va gexata adre besar. Lana ton nubeem koe ewazalt leve trovgaweyesi trumi apcanyed kire ton bata tirka al taped. Yonara al titickewed, ton taka titplatiyina wale badeeem. Toloya ara ton ge keve ge koe xo al taped [...] Mielon sina mo impadimot zo tredud. Stasik va awalkoda mamasa dum inta moon vankabud. [...] Idulugalon, metreduyuna awalkoda anton tid dem niska, numen aotcenon do dri, ko dakasiko zo kladad. » </p><p>Ton tenusa beona ke bata pradja, tenukeyen narilt biwe zo faver kire « tir titsuyansaf vas anton 5 m-. » Sutesik uldiner da in vas 250 000 korikafa blira al tapiler. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tursia_turaporawer">Tursia turaporawer</h4></div> <p>Bat luz va betukera ke Tursia bak toleaf alubdaf azed ( 1933-1938 ) az gejugal ( 1941-1945 ) dulaper. Ke mukot ke bat toleaf azed : « Zaedivara va zavzaks ke diroteva koe jiluca ke korikeem ». Boweref tuzdeem godizves va blis gropeem koe stolexo parmon zo sulad, numen batcoba va nikoyara ke Tursia va arak ke patecta jiadar. Soljenitsin stragar : « Azilafa marwida anam kotafa Tursia baliewer. » Debala tove stolenikeem ware tuolgawer : ironokaf tildes vieltum zo sular, jijacek ke kobas vielcek vas 14 bartiv zo laumasir isen fent vas -45° ok -50° wetce gokobas viel zo torigir. </p><p>Geja va debala koe stolexoeem wan ligunder ; Soljenitsin tuelimar : « Kontan me tigiyis koe stolexo bak gejugal somegruper dacoba stolexo tir, [...] loote kobara, leote sinka, leote anteyarot, lerotafe vage, lozugafa lova, loboksafa estera. » Nivaf stolenik tid eaftaf ledung wal susikeem is gaderopaf stolenik yoltkiraf gu « 58<sup>-e</sup> » ( loote lanzayan nope 58<sup>-e</sup> teliz ke Gomilaf Mwak ke 1926 ), olgon dubiepeson va bantan. </p><p>Tena ke luz tir dimfira ke Frenkel tiaves va grustara va Gulag bolk ton « skapafi ristulaki ». Batkane Tursia va parmaf tazuk narayar ise moe kotafa patecta divlizeyer : « Kota winka va stolexo warzeyer. » Runi diref luz, sutesik ruyer da « stolexoeem me tir kakak ke patecta vols idja ke bifeem. » </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rigoteem_ke_Tursia">Rigoteem ke Tursia</h4></div> <p>Banvielu Tursia al zo enoneyer, Soljenitsin va tel altogin rigoteem ta guyundera basitalkar. Koe abdifta va zolonuca ke rietova ke turontara kan warzesa kobara kimbar : sovietaf malyerotaf bolk vas rieta ke derka me benaykar (« ilkafa derka sometir, ant runtafa lazavara sotir »), vols straga ke tiga ton « sabega ta seltafa rojura » : stolenik kan turontasa kobara va vegedura va selteva is tcatera va glastafa troba gopaker. </p><p>Sutesik va kruldera ke ralpodaf rokak ruldas vas teliz miwar, tulon : « vertuma gotir mebrazasa ise va koxol is zeda is zelara va sinka ikz- en goreyur. » Man teliz gan dobulik zo ploted, tuvodatason va ticuca ke sovietafa stolesa vertuma, voxen stolenik vol grupelad. </p><p>Va luzdarapa dolunesa va levetiruca ( kruldesa remi gindugal ) gu Tursia azon trasit  doaca ke bata toloy sok tir « grustara va selt ta stegesa is durulafa malsavera va fastafa kobara ke yon celemoy levetirik » lize okilik ke refo stolexo va lekef jiomik ikarundad. Soe karakeson drigdar da amidaca nekev batcoba tid jontika ise « kotote tid mu levetiruca. » Tulon levetirik va kiewega don mona is sinka tire digir, voldum stolenik ravaldugaf gu 58<sup>-e</sup> teliz. </p><p>Soljenitsin va baraf swaloteem ke Tursia bam pimtar : </p> <ul><li>Rekledabolk walmunes va sinka kare kotaskiyina kobara, grupeson da abice loplekufe vace ison rowane « me tid milbaxekafe gu tokoda dem gowataso po. » Kaikion koe vayarundeks : « Koe stolexo volto vaceme aytar, vols to vacepe. »</li> <li>Taksa ixam pulviyina is lospasa va stolenik ton tum gaden gan taksokilik ; to kotorafa danexa va vace ke kot bewik gotur : kot stolenik batkane vetcoyer da kot miltumik umote kobar.</li> <li>Jontolafa rictaga ke sovietafa soka is ristula ke Gulag : « toloyi roti, to tid toloy olyastesik ledunges ika tanoy ; tid debalon gu elicuca : toktan va stolenik loeke xuvar ise leote zilir ?»</li></ul> <p>Dere, Soljenitsin va kruldera ke balemeaf swalot mewinugaf nek lizolonaf razdar : <i>vumbuk</i>. To ton bat trogarn, va mergileem fosan gan taksa ta adeesira va danexeem dasugdar. Kottan vaon impavantar : stolenik va sinka loote malkazawar, isen ristula gu bata osafa keskotuca zo felber. « Batcoba tid to salk ta remblira, vol ta tukulara ok elakera va soka. Soka me rovetir zugafa maneke jupar da ruptesik gonorested. » </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="To_torkevik_tid_!"><span id="To_torkevik_tid_.21"></span>To torkevik tid !</h4></div> <p>To bat daavaf iegaks va Soljenitsin is dostolenik ba artlapira va stolexo emuder. Korik kostolen nope 58<sup>-e</sup> teliz is gaderopafa lazava kan bat muxaks zo duvuckur. Kan iteem ke pwadesik kosmat inde taneaf vielcek zo grustar. Ugalektura va meka tildera pu stolenik isker. Soljenitsin wetce savsaf fayik askir da gu « soliokilik ke kuritcaxo » zo koflir voxe kadimion zo titekavar kire va soliikeem me lajustar. Arti konaka playarura nope yona gedrafa skujera , bazer da « va disukera ke <i>zek</i> stolenik gokevurlicker : tison meronjaf is rodaxas is katcalas va kotcoba. » </p><p>Bam va danda ke daava ke stolenik viele Soljenitsin artlaniyir : bak idulugal ke 1945 tcalatason va cenera, emnagara gan Stalin zo riguyur voxen ina vas nivaf stolenikeem anton tikiyir. Voxen larde sin davon me zo rovotunuyayad kiren diktan ikarundatason zavzagiyid. Batdume artlapira ke warzaf gaderopaf stolenik va tunuyara di noveyer. Sutesik va volmalyuca ke mana sabega batlize drigdar kiren ina va dubiesik is gomilasik is oguptusik is boesik is ikraf levsavesik ikz- divplekuyur. Voxisen emdusikeem daliuyus do volnik zo ixeyer. </p><p>Nope bata emnagara, zavzagis stolenikeem va warzesuca gojontolar. Kimbason va tandeem kake redjel, Soljenitsin va luz batinde zolter : « Lorik ! Leve gasiza is aora, dildeyé da va jinafi bli di videyel. Voxen re erú : va awalk staksel ‼» </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vieleafa_blira_ke_patectolik">Vieleafa blira ke patectolik</h4></div> <p>Bat luz va yona kerdela ke blira ke <i>zek</i> stolenik pintar isen inafa toza tir vexala dem kobarinda roskuyuna gan stolenik : « platira va trumi ; burera va porn ; basvajara va norkaxa ( viele almaga sol gelt iliksantuwer )» ikz-. Soljenitsin icde « ana savsafa kobara ke Tursia », trabe baliera va aal, vangaver. Olgarsafa, aalbaliera va kobasik tire jontikviele aytar. Gire daboreson va isk dem vrutaks, sutesik drigdar : « To va batcoba, mea tir rotis pwadesik : sin kotote xonukeyed. » </p><p>Azon pimtara va sinka, pintason va amidafa pakta yoftena kare vertuma ke « rekleda » : ede preksa ekon gu 30% anton zo kotaskir, pune <i>zek</i> stolenik va beg vas 300 g- is tanoy donilacek kum lembiedaja anton rokar ; ika preksa vas 30% ik 80% va beg vas 400 g- is toloy donilacek ; ikz-. « Watason va bata lavakirafa sinka vollumisa va ixalaks ke alto, stolenik va relteem teyedar, askuteson va gebesisa kobara, [...] isen <i>staxanov</i> kobarukik abdi tairdasik sokawalker. » </p><p>Icde vage, gaderopaf stolenik gan nivaf stolenik cugote zo nabed, i gan seltaf vuwik sedme yoltara ke Soljenitsin ( gan sovietafa rictaga dere batinde zo yoltad ise gu runtaf volnik voldum gaderopaf stolenik me zo torigid ). <i>Zek</i> stolenik gu betcoba trasina va int vager : « gu zdaga dem lana kseva ke ulim is ara ke ewazalteem. Oken ontiki amidafi layki tid eke xantaf lay mea zo wir. Oken rijaki gabeyeni sol lay anamplekuyus va bume lize maneki keveon wan zo robelir [...] Bene nugeem, rossiaf vukunayeem kum almuk al kowazder [...] Oken lavugaki vaniksantuyuni bene nuga kan azilfem ok tralfem. » </p><p>Irubarinda tir erodiskapafa, ton dile opelafa broca, numen stolenik koe skimba ok omazeme moe lebaf azeb gikeniber. Dasotafa beza viakud : « aytatason va rifta, grita koe esturasarma zo golembier ». </p><p>Azon va pimtara va giltafa akola sikapburasa vas stolenik trasit, i va pimtara va pristeem kan zakapafa pinta. Selara ke selasa zaniga vugote tid : « Toloy amatraspus akolesik koe kota ilava tigid, isen liote moe sid wale ilava. Axarsaf akolesik koe ilava divceper. Meka grita mei selaxa. » Valey akolera, tatceteson va lodolgafa poana kobara, kuranafa buxara tid giltafa. </p><p>Tere Soljenitsin va awalkerekapa divrozar : « Koe muluftesikafo wico, san-toloy ayik ke alub-sanoy bad tanoy mielcek dile awalkeyed, nekise meviele leon dam balemoy ». Laneteson da stolenik en tir awalkaf, « inaf ast kan fluga zo remrur oken taka kan bwedapa zo nokodar. Azen pozlama kum inta dem otuk ke inafi stolenikafi vargi ben ronelubek ke awalkik zo vaniksantur ». Vageem gan blisik zo vangir azen awalkik a warfok lebon zo kotawar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ayikya_koe_stolexo">Ayikya koe stolexo</h4></div> <p>Bat luz va bali ke ayikya koe stolese tame ke Gulag dulaper. Sedme sutesik, « duxara ke stolexo mialukon tid leportafa tove ayikya » kiren « beka vacera tiyir milafa gu olkikeem, pune ayikya gan ael lekalion zo tuaxar. » Dene stolexo debala tukevolawer. Tire tresewera mu vaskesik riwe tir antaf remblis mergil : « vaskesikye voke nilaf plor tigid edje warzikya tulebayana goremolanid. [...] Azon tigise vaskesikye va walmunera kiblayad. » Soljenitsin va ayikya acagiyisa va bat tujadiayan treses bolk deltar voxen, kevempanon gan ael is zelara is plukera, kottanya gonokempayar. Boera tid giltafa : « Isen koe <a href="/wiki/Kolima_(Gulag)" title="Kolima (Gulag)">Kolima</a> ? Banlize ayikya soye tir riaca nume mbi grabar ise zo soltiolter. Banlize va kontanye moo vawa vol gokevlanir, i va bettanye tise fuzodesik ok nuyik ok stolenik. To koe Kolyma lundek trogarn vas donafa boera awiyir. » </p><p>Nazbesikya koe stolexo abdi radekara bolkon zo arbureyed. Toloy gadik ke titis pintik tire ezeon tigid. Bamoi koblira gadikya va nazbeik ronovanvrodar ant ede va intafa kobasa preksa al kotaskir. Moi ulkoyara, pintik gan gadiskikxe zo vajuler nume va gadikya mea di wir, vaxe cugunaykafa lazava nope tulafa kobara ik ugda. </p><p>Soljenitsin va amidafa gejopaca valey tresewera pintar, i va gejopaca ta remblira fosana gan ayikya ise dum gilton va nega gu jontika rupa yunker. </p><p>Mali 1945 stolexo mea tir tolikrafo. Batcoba ton tuolgara va kobas gropeem ke ayikyeem remstawer. Sinya gu miremba ke remblisa tresewera al zo tunuyad voxnume va jadifa poana kobara lodolgapafa re gopaked. Nekev griuziara, birgotafa kevlanira jonkawed numen lolodontinafa rebava wale bato ayikyefo stolexo is bano ayikyafo zo govegedud. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vaskesik">Vaskesik</h4></div> <p>Soljenitsin tentur da vaskesik tir stolenik lajutarutes va jadifa kobara num satcon laumasis va rotisa remblira. Tuelimar : « cug <i>zek</i> stolenik lanzayan gu gakerapa is sendayan gu remblira [...] en tir vaskesik ». Toloya stolenikafa loma krulded : segaf vaskesik is kobaraf vaskesik. Battan va sokexo meviele bulur numen inafa blira stegemer ( me tigira dinena ba gazdafa kabelcera ; estura logavefa ; me lanira az dimlanira ; kobara koe idulxo ; ikz- ): tid namyesa zaniga is emaxeik is burmotasik ikz. Bantan va guntaf play dadid voxe ko warzexo golanid. </p><p>Sutesik va liduca ke segaf vaskesik lanzar, i va korik gobesas va tegira ke avonan vamoeik dantes va sinka is kiewega vankolana pu stolenik. Dere dace, stolenik lajuvanpiyis vaskesik loviele izgon al tiur numen inaf erod vas merontifa azregera va kiewega ke aryon stolenik tire maletir. Tere vaskesikeem ae tir dem jontik « seltaf vuwik », trabe dem oguptusik is tozekik. </p><p>Dace Soljenitsin nope vankolasa xuyava tiyir olkik ke vaskesikafa mawa inon yoltayana gu « mawa dem rostaza ». Luzki va konakbat vaskesik deltapar, i va korik ton amidapafa liota. Mukot tir vangrupera inde sin banliz al denfid isen ordafa liota sometir. Tulon tir lan radjapaf severoervoliaf jadiwik, isen lan okilik ke gaderopaf ardial iskeyes « va jontiku bru kotrafu gu stolenik » nek tis fraltik, voxisen guazaf selaropik vaskeyes nope eba vox mayes nope rotisa tazdara va rundak. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gaderopon">Gaderopon</h4></div> <p>Vas tokcoba tira vas gaderopaf stolenik koe TSSS abdi awalkera ke Stalin sugdalar ? Bat luz va to ban uum dulaper. Stolenik gu volnik ke sane zo duvud. Sopenik nope gaderopa loviele tid opelaf korik sopeyen nope wavidafa ik giugackafa danda. Sutesik va jontika tuka ozwar : lana kazikya kosuteyesa va tirdaf belcetaks moe jo ke Stalin koe fela ( 10<sup>-dafa</sup> gakera ); lane xadapulvafe rentasikye aykayase va femla mo java ke Stalin ( 10<sup>-dafa</sup> gakera ); lane jaftolsusikye ienayase va meveges bonol kan « paax jaftol ke kolxoz !» ( 10<sup>-dafa</sup> gakera ); ok ware lane santevdafe bemikye rolayase suteson va rossiavafa adja nek rossiavon me gaduse ( 5<sup>-dafa</sup> gakera, kiren mali 1935 rumeik tid gomilon blodaf kaiki santoldafa klaa ). </p><p>Bata sopera gan 58<sup>-e</sup> teliz zo noved, kiren ban teliz mantapon zo ronarur numen bettan nopeon riwe zo rosoper. Sutesik stragar da enilt ke soka nutir : « Dun viltac ‼ numen va kulmenik tere di artnic. » Loplekur : « Vertokara va korik wetce 58<sup>-e</sup> teliz sotir an opelaf mergil deokas va ayik. » Bata griawira ke yon celemoy tisik ko sokaf foalk « va osafa bifa koe tamavafa izva ke stolexoeem caber : yon celemoy stolenik jiligas va volgunuca tid ; kottan en tir volgunaf isen metan al rolar oke al derkar. » </p><p>Voxen medrikafi bali ke gaderopaf stolenik tir kaike volmalyafa sopera : inafa blira di tir olgafa koe stolexo mali artlapira. Sedme Krilenko ( sovietaf malyesik ), « turontara tir poiskafa is uumiskafa icde lanzanik tis plabik nope inaf runt. » Bat enilt nekir da « 58<sup>-e</sup> stolenik gan vuwik zo xuvar », trabe gan dubiesik is adjubesik is oguptusik dadis va belikafi roti ( kan kumzilira ke rictaga ) tove gaderopaf stolenikeem. </p><p>Sutesik azon ritagir, dulapeson va ageltucaf gaderopaf stolenik, i « va tel engrupes dume banlize tigiyid ise va int minieson guvenkayad ». Ke ban sin, alkik gusagas va folixa tid, is dritik voldjusugdayas va « akoydaf is oruzaf welidaks va dasara », is lojadion kottan vewayas va solovaca ke vertuma num abdualbayas va awalkera lodam memalyafa rankera va ar wideyik. Jontikviele bantan va stolexo me artlanid kire abdion zo klibud. Soljenitsin va sin mafelapason dalinger, nedison da bate ayikye isu ayikya al tid katcalafa bak bocafa vula, « dum draydera ke kon bitej konakviele laizon zo jondecemar aze tenanteyawer. » </p><p>Tcakesik walzilis va artowasa rietoda ke <i>Bolcevik</i> neya vox kevus va Stalin azon zo pimtad : « Sin tiyid laspedik. Voxen kivá da ede co korotiyid, pune va oviskuca dace lorotafa dam tela ke Stalin vanmiau tuksa co vanbureyed. » Sutesik va pilkovafa toda ke lanyon trotskievik sagaf gu Lenin aelyasteyes ba 27/10/1936 bak stolera ta tukiewara va blis gropeem stragar. Sin wayad voxe den sopus gabot ke Tceka ardial kalion zo stayad. » </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Malaskisik">Malaskisik</h4></div> <p>Bat luz va malaskisik ke pako akoyepenon stoleyen ektudar, i va malaskisik stoleyen nek engusagayas va pako is Stalin. Sin trakud da kostolera me zo rotenvar, voxe va tuovapas mergil dun trasid, umbeson va intafa rietoda. Sinafa pukfamuca tir volrowidlasina, Soljenitsin va batcoba gu « volroremrunuca » yoltar, numen dun oved kore mbi danedid da patecta en geber isen vilasa gaderopa meskusa va abduplekuks zo star. Lana wakara va « intatakik » tir : « Sin koe sogza va rojura va tegira ke roti keyakseyed, me daneditison ok murkutuson. Va rietodafa keyaksera olegayad enide diwan oveyed, taruteteson va oviskuca ». </p><p>Soljenitsin va vegeduyuna kareizura ke malaskisik icde sinafa stolera ranker. Bak 1937 bal karlerapa zo kostoleyed ise va vunda tadleyed, i va vunda ruyesa da bata karlerapa me zo gonexuked solve bak jontikote kota darefa kostolera meinde al kategiyid kire bantode gunivayad. Kotcoba askiyina gan vertuma me zo rotakler, vaxe sinafa kostolera entisa memalyafa num fure kuidetena. Bandume jontikote koimaxud. « Kota imaxura zo malvewar kire dye va Stalin me al artfir ! Kiren in co gildackayar ! In al ixeyer, i rubik !» Ostik sin va jontiktan ke yastikeem kare lana ovopaca ranked : « Loote korik zo kostoleted, pune loon ticef poz va roklara vangrupeted ! Batdume va lo rotis yolt govebozwá ‼ ise kev volgunik tacukon govedaktegá ‼» </p><p>Koe stolexo sinafa linulara belcon tir rotabdiwina is volgeltrevafa. Zuked da ar stolenik temed oke va susik pulvijid. Sedme sin, kotcoba wina tire tir malyafa is tumalyana is adrafa gu kolnara va selteva. Va ar gaderopaf stolenik gu volnik ke sane torigid. Ton ageltucaf doevik pu rictaga va int kalion dakted nume va loplekufe vace batkane impavantad : « Afizon in va dubiene vace estur aze sielon va Lenin belir ! Batcoba en tir to ronjafa is tierdafa kotgrupera va struca. » Larde me tid volnik ke sane, pune me torigid da gan kobara zo goturontad nume va tsondera ubzed, loviele tcedeson. Tire tid luridaf gu relmera nume va ar stolenik fimon trakulus tove stolexo ik pako rankeped. </p><p>Varaf luz tir dem beonurapa is kipegara balgesa va linulara ke malaskisik, ba riwe kota conya. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bzz_!_Bzz_!_Bzz_!"><span id="Bzz_.21_Bzz_.21_Bzz_.21"></span>Bzz ! Bzz ! Bzz !</h4></div> <p>Bat luz va dataf gort dem rankesik basriogar, i dem rankesik tigis koe divexo lidam stolexo, dure firvis va warzaf kosik pu gaderopaf ardial : gu nefta remion zo doluned. Soljenitsin tuelimar da bettan rovovanpir gortik. Sedme sutesik, tir vrebaf riezotolk ke doevaf foalk : « Kofoalkara is rietoda dum fem ke talgukay va sint cualad ». </p><p>Kofoalkarinda va kontan ton tselktatum lajupastas va direfa nefta gu rictaga zo pimtar : « 1<sup>-eafa</sup> tselka : Kas til kiewaf sovietik ?; 2<sup>-eafa</sup> : Abdizilira va mwedon vox giopon pokoles seotaks mali jontika tanda pu djukseldun korik ; 3<sup>-eafa</sup> : Xuvara kev axaca is dratcera gu crakera, ikz- ». Koe stolexo, dilizesa ankutuca va lokeskotafa guyundera ke batyone ckane nover. </p><p>Soljenitsin kinokamon kareizur inde dere al xaar nume abicedje vanpiyir rankesik kore va metan va metan en rankeyer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Miltan_zo_narid_aze_zo_askid">Miltan zo narid aze zo askid</h4></div> <p>Batlize sutesik va <i>toleafa kostolesa gakera</i> ranker. Sina to gakera rewana beka stolenik va gakeraki su karler : « Mivokafa dimblira ke gakera, gundafa gu dimatrira ke maserkeem ke perak ». </p><p>Bata warzafa gakera en tiyid jontika bak geja kiren susik ke stolexo va intafa guntasa tirka djuvengayad solve redjel va <a href="/wiki/Moskva" title="Moskva">Moskva</a> vanniyir nume va galucik loote dun malimaxuyur. Batdume « va warzafa urbera dun kosmayad ». Va dimvegesa ik yatesa yovara kogrupayad kore komalyen stolenik ixam gebeyed. « Koe koto stolexo urbera zo kosmad ! Yona urbera ! Ware urbera ! Ostik loloon zolonafa ! Ison loloon bitonafa ! To mana yotuca ke batyon muluftesikaj ! Sin nujikonjoteyed voxen viujaf meem ke bat akolesikaj van lyestasiko va int birgon sotceyed !» </p><p>Bata warzafa arienta va lo stolenik ko « djiso stolexo » stayad. « Kotbato stolexo tid fentunafo. Ostik korik koe fuxedja vagelakiron gonoranyeyed. » Soljenitsin va kogrupasa broca ke ugdaso stolexo ke Orotukan divrozar. « Kota broca gan rebava kum tritanafa awalkoda krepkayana dum flag barkrilon zo anamaykar. » Blis gropeem koe batyona broca tid virnapaf eke « lotan abdi taneafa koerura di awalked ». Bal batmana koerura, nakera sye en tir denaca. </p><p>Bata warzafa gakera gu xonukalanzaracka dile dace zo nuneyed. Sutesik va konaka enkafa klibura don lanyona relkapafa munester : « Kevusik arbureteson mielon zo sopeyed ; div seg zo stayad. Pokeon xeme ke 3<sup>-eafa</sup> zaniga tigiyir. Kosik gu olkoba tantanon zo kostayad lize ardialik ke Voxra ipeyed. Battan va lana tulwaca ko art mbi vanludevayad aze ton meem kake ge zo afobayad. Azon ko vultexo zo stayad lize edava ixam vansorkayana djupromallakiyid. Aluboy ik peroy metsanik gu kota edava zo komimayad aze kal <i>Venta</i> zo rembureyed, trabe kal awalkikxo ke stolexo. Banlize ko egayana kelapa zo titosipeyed aze ware blison zo kotawayad. Me nope govituca, gue. Opelon, kottan gruper da nubokera va bliso alto isu impadimara isu levmadara soye tid drikafa loon dam awalkoda. » </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Betara_va_bali_!"><span id="Betara_va_bali_.21"></span>Betara va bali !</h4></div> <p>Bat luz va yon yates abdumimaks bunen gan stolenik dulaper. Sedme sutesik, tandeafa ota vas yatera tir ontinackafa : « bak ant bareaksat ke 1930, 1328 korik al yated ». </p><p>Voxen stuva tir wavdafa, nope vegeduropa ke stolexo tadleyeno gu nuku is gend is krumiz, voxis naelafa is datafa tawavopa ke stolexoeem (« batyone kimiskafe is letafe divatce kum nolda ok bixe »). Ostik Soljenitsin va kruldera ke « merowin rodeem delon kagis va patectolik gu runda » miwar. Wetce roda, va jadifa burduca is trobindanuca tikisa va volgunuca ke jontik stolenik wavdon dimduntus nope waberga laizon soltiolteyesa il blira is yasa rostragat. Va aelesisa vertuma ke stolexo dere trasit, i va vertuma guaxapasa va stolenik num soye malweyonasa va kota stuva ko <i>taiga</i> aala. Bareafa roda tir tela ke dratcera gu warzafa gakera tod tinesa yatera. Ison stolenik va plabuca ke vemafa sanelia elodena gan rictaga gonyurnar, kiren gralomera va stolenik zo gablenyer ugale sinka ta wideytikeem tir riackafa. </p><p>Ede yatesik zo vebidur, pune va meyafa askipera gozinular. Tire « alierapa va yatesik az aytara, batcoba koe Tursia tir dalafa lyumarinda kev yatera ». </p><p>Ede kontan nekevon lajuyater, pune siak soe me tid kiewaf : yatesik dun govasker, dun gopilkomarur. Soljenitsin va medrikafa kayestara va manyona vrutara ostik stragar kiren « kontan lajuyateyes va koerudara somebilder ». Nega icde yatera ik birgotura bildena koe wana ke luz loviele artfiyid kiren sinaf askisik tere al zo gralomeyed nume va intafa izva pu ar stolenik rokareizuyud. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cizo,_Bur,_Zur"><span id="Cizo.2C_Bur.2C_Zur"></span><i>Cizo, Bur, Zur</i></h4></div> <p>Bat toloy trogarn va ugdaxo ke Tursia bazed liz stolenik zo staksed enide tod adraca loplekuon di zo ested : <i>Bur</i> tir intaxeje ton logodjafa vertuma ; <i>zur</i> tir seg dem logodjafa vertuma ; <i>cizo</i> tir ugdaso sostaxo. </p><p>Stolenik tori tanka ok barka ok alubka nope gedrafa is melafokafa danda zo rostakser. Meksubeyena preksaca va tanka ok alubka ok perka ok sanka nekir ; to san-alubka tir pu ganjedasik. <i>Cizo</i> olkoba dile me tir fuxedja voxe sotir xo fentafo is tapedafo is abdafo is aelesiso. Dile tir kelacka koe sid. Vieleafa sinka tir beg vas 300 grame. </p><p><i>Bur</i> tir intaxe rostolese va lo stolenik tori lodabrotcif ugal ( dile tandaf ok dace kimiskaf ). Soljenitsin va <i>bur</i> intaxe ke Ekibastuz pimtar : meka skimba ; stolenik moe sid keniber ; me gaelara ; meka gestara remi tandacku bak 1950 zo kserayar ; bet trek zo uskur numen orika tir kotrafa. « Divcepera koe fuxedja zo askir kiren divef divcepexoeem zo biur. [...] Fuxedja tiyir licanon varafa ; kottan anton biwe rosenyer ise va nimateem me rovobascuyur. Sinka : beg vas vieleon 600 grame. » Blira tir olgapafa eke mivbuxara tir yavafa. </p><p><i>Zur</i> tir xo lize kobara tir ugdasa : « warolara va werdol koe wedaxo lize kosidawet, dilfunon gan valpoktum a kona rojuxa ( gexata is berga besanafa gu mit zo vumbed ) [...] Divoksera va sperela [...] fentugalon, tazeson kan gamiafa myelga, stolenik va bada kum tapeyesa justa goremrud numaze va sperela valevuon godivoksed aze kan impadimot kal tanoye krimpafe decitmetre gonimpadimad. Opelon tuzazentasa kobavera. [...] Kotcoba loportafa ke portaceem is lovoltcizana ke voltcizanaceem, kota batcoba dye tir ugdasa kobara. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Seltaf_vuwik">Seltaf vuwik</h4></div> <p>Bat luz va uum abdion jontikviele rueyen vestar, i va uum icde nivaf stolenik belundas va vertuma kuvapafa kapbure tela ke gaderopaf stolenik. Tire <i>seltaf vuwik</i> tid selton lopokef gu seltevafa rietava lodam volnik ke sane lanzayan nope 58<sup>-e</sup> teliz. Xanta ke bata rabatera dene rossiaf suteroteem jontikedje tualiayas va oguptusikafa vola wetce nuyik is tunuyalasik sol ugevaf is glastaf is dolekaf selt num tisa bagaliafa gu siskavara ke gruadik zo gonaneyar. Soljenitsin va beonuca ke bata gradilafa torigira va tozekik is struca dositasa va kota inafa tegira drigdar : « to volgruidenik tid [...], va enga ke bata volgruidera pojad nume tokdume va takomas stolenik awalkes ton levetirik co dulaped ?» En tid oguptusik nume koe stolexo wan tid, batdume va gaderopaf stolenik mewegayeson nabed, sporoyanon gan rictaga. Kelor solparsas va siskavara ke suteroteem gu fordafa geltruca batinde zo pebur : « Korik tis ke arayakirafa anameda vox miv merovosekas va oguptusik moe binkama, va bata durulafa karolara ke dubiesikeem pumbar : kas me co tir birgafa albara va digisuca lizisa va kontan zunepes va dubiesik ? Va intaf muxaks linvé : forteyfamik va rinaf fortey bupkud. Va kotcoba tisa tuwavafu ivamu dem ayaf pestakeem sedme min, vaon decenad. » </p><p>Batcoba va lana rubuca ke seltevafa vertuma tove tozekik dere bazecker. Tire bantan tid tuwavaf volnik ke yasegafa pilkuca nume gan vertuma gu mukotaf vangluyanik zo torigid. Solve bak 1914 dubiesik va mwa koe patecta mei rossiaf flint me askiyid, pune Artowara va sabegara tukuvasa va ticfira ke tcepasa gomilura jonkayar. Taneon to emnagarapa va nivaf stolenik tid, i emnagara « levplawasa va patecta lev ora dem adjubesik is tozekik is dubiesik ». Azon tumwara va mwedafa rojura tove bettan rojuwes tustegesawepeyer. Milon, soka va dadira va viltaxa ik imizxa reyur voxe va rojura va wideyik miv ebgar. Gomilura gan « kivara va saneguca » dere zo gestur. Tire gomilara is fugara gan feleem meviele zo ledunged ; gomilasik sanegon me zo kaaneyad : sedme Abdufisa Rietova, « gomilura anton tir danexa va kruldera ke runteem, volsen koe TSSS runteem vol tir, batdume meka gomilara sokir numen feleem vol pulvir. » Tere dubiera va digiks ke soka ( tulon va konaka werna bas kon <i>kolxoz</i> diel ) lodam guinera va korikafa kraba boksapon zo pursar. Voxe dubiera va sokaf digiks me tir tegi ke dubiesikack vols telaf kobasik aeleckes. </p><p>Gracasa lyumara va gomilura keni gogolkirafa debala ke gomilasik koe stolexo (« lodolgaf oguptusik gu mestujeni roti moe ewaleem ke Tursia ») zo zonosteyed va bata rabatera nekir : « Acum pursas bolk kadar bolk bristus va oguptusik, numen bantan ton soporafa donia moe varafa patecta isu flint isu stolexo remi konaka sanda viakuyud ». </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Jotajik">Jotajik</h4></div> <p>Bat luz va stoleni bali ke lojotik yoltkiraf gu <i>jotajik</i> ba kostolera dulaper. 12<sup>-e</sup> luz ke Gomilafa Beksa ke 1926 va malyera va rumeik mali 12<sup>-dafa</sup> klaa nover. Jotik koe Tursia jontikote tid : klaa ke 50 % ke stolenikeem tir leon 24<sup>-da</sup>. Bak Stalinugal kexi tuolgasi va mwara icde sin jonkawed. Soljenitsin va jontika tula lanzasa va sardik gu gakera vas konaka tanda nope grewej nedir. </p><p>Vielu jotik koe stolexo tigir, pune kaliapon vexur : « Lodopelafa dulzara ba wara ke memalyesik tir : ~ miv memalyul ‼~ Batcoba tir lofakafa maltrakuna vexa batvielu vanpisa ana jotajikafa vexa. » Sutesik munester da sin gu yelipa elakesa is plukesa va lorantaf stolenik va sint grustad. Va meka luntera mei saara ksubed. Va volmalyaf suzenk vidud nume va zobara dum relingara ik doboera lomegad. Adim vanpid tozekik kiren batcoba tir bliracave ravaldase va lokiewafa remblisa fala. Larde tid jotaf, pune gu gropeem ke stolexo va sint lokalion is lokotunon zaled. Me zo rostujed : « kan pulvira me rozinulat ». Sinafi apkasi glemi va tanoya loplekufa olyastera va arak ke stolenikeem kle me tadled. Solve stolexo co gokotrakur, pune TSSS va pakap ke jotikeem ko gomilura is govitura batkane vanmimar. </p><p>Soljenitsin va « bali ke rumeik vanpiyis gadiskik nope sopera va gadikeem » dere divrozar. </p><p>Va luz zolter, kan bata deonafa kotgrupera : « Minafa gindesa sawava blit ‼ Rumeik tilaf ke doeva blid ‼ Va toka patecta maneke muxasa va renara va nazbeikeem lidam cinafa nedic !?». </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dere_rupel">Dere rupel</h2></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Soljenitsin" title="Aleksandr Soljenitsin">Aleksandr Soljenitsin</a></b> : Rossiavaf suterotik ( 1918-2008 )</li></ul> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <table class="infobox bordered" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" align="right" style="margin-bottom: 10px; width: 20em; font-size: 95%; border: 1px solid #B1B3F7; border-top: none; margin-left: 10px; clear: right;"> <caption style="font-size: 120%; background: #B1B3F7; padding: 10px; font-size:18px; clear: right;"><b>Gulag tursia</b> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iyeltak:Open_book_nae_02.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Open_book_nae_02.svg/40px-Open_book_nae_02.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Open_book_nae_02.svg/60px-Open_book_nae_02.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Open_book_nae_02.svg/80px-Open_book_nae_02.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td align="center" colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted #a2a9b1; background: #d9d9ff;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td align="center" width="120">XANTO </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 5px; background: #ccccff;"><i>Vergumvelt</i> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 5px; background: #d9d9ff;"><b>Архипелаг ГУЛаг</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top: 1px solid white; padding: 5px; background: #ccccff;"><i>Sutesik</i> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid white; padding: 5px; background: #d9d9ff;"><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Soljenitsin" title="Aleksandr Soljenitsin">Aleksandr Soljenitsin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 5px; background: #ccccff;"><i>Ava</i> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 5px; background: #d9d9ff;"><a href="/wiki/Rossiava" title="Rossiava">Rossiava</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 5px; background: #ccccff;"><i>Suterotinda</i> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 5px; background: #d9d9ff;">Vayarundeks </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top: 1px solid white; padding: 5px; background: #ccccff;"><i>Evla</i> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid white; padding: 5px; background: #d9d9ff;"><a href="/wiki/1973" title="1973">1973</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 3px; background: #ECECEC; font-size:10px;"><span class="plainlinks" style="text-decoration:underline; text-decoration-color: #222; text-decoration-style:dotted;"><a class="external text" href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gulag_tursia_(suterot)&action=edit">betara</a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #a2a9b1; padding: 3px; background: #ECECEC; font-size:10px; text-align: right;"><span style="text-decoration:underline; text-decoration-color: #222; text-decoration-style:dotted;"><a href="/wiki/Teza:Suterotiyelt" title="Teza:Suterotiyelt">teza</a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="margin-left:8px; margin-top:;"> <table class="wikitable center"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#6495ED"> <td style="text-align:center;font-weight:bold;font-size:110%;background-image: linear-gradient(to right, lightblue, #6495ED);"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iyeltak:Bookshelf_icon_(red_and_blue).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Bookshelf_icon_%28red_and_blue%29.svg/24px-Bookshelf_icon_%28red_and_blue%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Bookshelf_icon_%28red_and_blue%29.svg/36px-Bookshelf_icon_%28red_and_blue%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Bookshelf_icon_%28red_and_blue%29.svg/48px-Bookshelf_icon_%28red_and_blue%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span>  Tuveli icde <a href="/wiki/Tuveli:Suteroteem" title="Tuveli:Suteroteem">Suteroteem</a>  <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iyeltak:Bookshelf_icon_(red_and_blue).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Bookshelf_icon_%28red_and_blue%29.svg/24px-Bookshelf_icon_%28red_and_blue%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Bookshelf_icon_%28red_and_blue%29.svg/36px-Bookshelf_icon_%28red_and_blue%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Bookshelf_icon_%28red_and_blue%29.svg/48px-Bookshelf_icon_%28red_and_blue%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Iyeltak:Aleksandr_Solzhenitsyn_-_Arcipelago_Gulag_(%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%93%D0%A3%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3)_-_I_saggi_Mondadori_1974.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Aleksandr_Solzhenitsyn_-_Arcipelago_Gulag_%28%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%93%D0%A3%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3%29_-_I_saggi_Mondadori_1974.jpg/260px-Aleksandr_Solzhenitsyn_-_Arcipelago_Gulag_%28%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%93%D0%A3%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3%29_-_I_saggi_Mondadori_1974.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="406" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Aleksandr_Solzhenitsyn_-_Arcipelago_Gulag_%28%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%93%D0%A3%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3%29_-_I_saggi_Mondadori_1974.jpg/390px-Aleksandr_Solzhenitsyn_-_Arcipelago_Gulag_%28%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%93%D0%A3%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3%29_-_I_saggi_Mondadori_1974.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Aleksandr_Solzhenitsyn_-_Arcipelago_Gulag_%28%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%93%D0%A3%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3%29_-_I_saggi_Mondadori_1974.jpg/520px-Aleksandr_Solzhenitsyn_-_Arcipelago_Gulag_%28%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%93%D0%A3%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3%29_-_I_saggi_Mondadori_1974.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1528" data-file-height="2385" /></a><figcaption><b>Gulag tursia</b>, taneaf kalitaliavaks koe Italia bak 1974</figcaption></figure> <div align="right"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.main‐55fb8d7f4f‐j2vrm Cached time: 20241110185358 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.111 seconds Real time usage: 0.140 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 197/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3602/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 109/2097152 bytes Highest 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