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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Akio Morita</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 38 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="أكيو موريتا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أكيو موريتا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Акио Морита – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Акио Морита" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Akio Morita" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morita_Akio" title="Morita Akio – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Morita Akio" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CE%9C%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B1" title="Άκιο Μορίτα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άκιο Μορίτα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Akio Morita" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Akio Morita" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="آکیو موریتا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آکیو موریتا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Akio Morita" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morita_Akio" title="Morita Akio – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Morita Akio" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%A6%AC%ED%83%80_%EC%95%84%ED%82%A4%EC%98%A4" title="모리타 아키오 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="모리타 아키오" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AF%D5%AB%D5%B8_%D5%84%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1" title="Ակիո Մորիտա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ակիո Մորիտա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Akio Morita" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Akio Morita" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Akio Morita" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Акио Морита – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Акио Морита" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="अकियो मोरिता – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="अकियो मोरिता" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4" title="അകിയോ മോറിത – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അകിയോ മോറിത" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Akio Morita" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%9B%E7%94%B0%E6%98%AD%E5%A4%AB" title="盛田昭夫 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="盛田昭夫" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="اکیو موریتا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اکیو موریتا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Akio Morita" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Akio Morita" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Akio Morita" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Akio Morita" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0,_%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BE" title="Морита, Акио – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Морита, Акио" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Акио Морита – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Акио Морита" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Akio Morita" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Akio Morita" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8B_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE" title="அக்கியோ மொறிட்டா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அக்கியோ மொறிட்டா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0_%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B0" title="อากิโอะ โมริตะ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อากิโอะ โมริตะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Akio Morita" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BE" title="Моріта Акіо – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Моріта Акіо" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="اکیو موریتا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اکیو موریتا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morita_Akio" title="Morita Akio – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Morita Akio" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Akio Morita" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%9B%E7%94%B0%E6%98%AD%E5%A4%AB" title="盛田昭夫 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="盛田昭夫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morita_Akio" title="Morita Akio – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Morita Akio" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Japanese entrepreneur (1921–1999)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">The native form of this <a href="/wiki/Personal_name" title="Personal name">personal name</a> is <i>Morita Akio</i>. This article uses <a href="/wiki/Personal_name#Western_name_order" title="Personal name">Western name order</a> when mentioning individuals.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Akio Morita</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Senior_Third_Rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Senior Third Rank">Senior Third Rank</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="nickname" lang="ja"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">盛田昭夫</span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Morita_Akio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Morita_Akio.jpg/220px-Morita_Akio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="353" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Morita_Akio.jpg/330px-Morita_Akio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Morita_Akio.jpg/440px-Morita_Akio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="1042" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Morita in 1965</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1921-01-26</span>)</span>January 26, 1921<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">October 3, 1999<span style="display:none">(1999-10-03)</span> (aged 78)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, Japan</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Osaka_University" title="Osaka University">Osaka University</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Co-founder of <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Yoshiko Kamei</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Medal_(Royal_Society_of_Arts)" title="Albert Medal (Royal Society of Arts)">Albert Medal</a> (1982)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Akio Morita</b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">盛田昭夫</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Morita Akio</i></span>, January 26, 1921 – October 3, 1999)</span> was a Japanese entrepreneur and co-founder of <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a> along with <a href="/wiki/Masaru_Ibuka" title="Masaru Ibuka">Masaru Ibuka</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akio_Morita&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Akio Morita was born in <a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Morita's family was involved in <a href="/wiki/Sake" title="Sake">sake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miso" title="Miso">miso</a> and <a href="/wiki/Soy_sauce" title="Soy sauce">soy sauce</a> production in the village of Kosugaya (currently a part of <a href="/wiki/Tokoname,_Aichi" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokoname, Aichi">Tokoname City</a>) on the western coast of <a href="/wiki/Chita_Peninsula" title="Chita Peninsula">Chita Peninsula</a> in <a href="/wiki/Aichi_Prefecture" title="Aichi Prefecture">Aichi Prefecture</a> since 1665. He was the oldest of four siblings and his father Kyuzaemon trained him as a child to take over the family business. Akio, however, found his true calling in mathematics and physics, and in 1944 he graduated from <a href="/wiki/Osaka_University" title="Osaka University">Osaka Imperial University</a> with a degree in physics. He was later commissioned as a sub-lieutenant in the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Navy" title="Imperial Japanese Navy">Imperial Japanese Navy</a>, and served in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. During his service, Morita met his future business partner <a href="/wiki/Masaru_Ibuka" title="Masaru Ibuka">Masaru Ibuka</a> at a study group for developing <a href="/wiki/Precision-guided_munition" title="Precision-guided munition">infrared-guided bombs</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ke-Go" title="Ke-Go">Ke-Go</a>) in the Navy's Wartime Research Committee. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sony">Sony</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akio_Morita&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Sony"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In September 1945, Ibuka founded a radio repair shop in the bombed out Shirokiya Department Store in <a href="/wiki/Nihonbashi" title="Nihonbashi">Nihonbashi</a>, Tokyo.<sup id="cite_ref-chap1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chap1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Morita saw a newspaper article about Ibuka's new venture and, after some correspondence, chose to join him in Tokyo. With funding from Morita's father, they co-founded <i>Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha</i> (Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation, the forerunner of Sony Corporation) in 1946 with about 20 employees and initial capital of ¥190,000.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chap1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chap1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1949, the company developed magnetic recording tape and, in 1950, sold the first <a href="/wiki/Tape_recorder" title="Tape recorder">tape recorder</a> in Japan. Ibuka was instrumental in securing the licensing of <a href="/wiki/Transistor" title="Transistor">transistor</a> technology from <a href="/wiki/Bell_Labs" title="Bell Labs">Bell Labs</a> to Sony in the 1950s,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> thus making Sony one of the first companies to apply transistor technology to non-military uses.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1957, the company produced a pocket-sized radio (the first to be fully transistorized), and in 1958, Morita and Ibuka decided to rename their company <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a> (derived from "sonus"—<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> for "sound"—and "sonny", a then-common American expression).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Morita was an advocate for all the products made by Sony. However, since the radio was slightly too big to fit in a shirt pocket, Morita made his employees wear shirts with slightly larger pockets to give the radio a "pocket sized" appearance. </p><p>Morita founded Sony Corporation of America (SONAM, currently abbreviated as SCA) in 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-Nobuo_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nobuo-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the process, he was struck by the mobility of employees between American companies, which was unheard of in Japan at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-Nobuo_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nobuo-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When he returned to Japan, he encouraged experienced, middle-aged employees of other companies to reevaluate their careers and consider joining Sony.<sup id="cite_ref-Nobuo_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nobuo-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company filled many positions in this manner, and inspired other Japanese companies to do the same.<sup id="cite_ref-Nobuo_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nobuo-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1961, Sony Corporation was the first Japanese company to be listed on the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange" title="New York Stock Exchange">New York Stock Exchange</a>, in the form of <a href="/wiki/American_depositary_receipt" title="American depositary receipt">American depositary receipts</a> (ADRs). </p><p>In March 1968, Morita set up a joint venture in Japan between Sony and <a href="/wiki/CBS_Records_International" title="CBS Records International">CBS Records</a>, with him as president, to manufacture "software" for Sony's hardware.<sup id="cite_ref-chap22_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chap22-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Morita became president of Sony in 1971,<sup id="cite_ref-var_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-var-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> taking over from Ibuka who had served from 1950 to 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1975, Sony released the first <a href="/wiki/Betamax" title="Betamax">Betamax</a> home <a href="/wiki/Videocassette_recorder" title="Videocassette recorder">videocassette recorder</a>, a year before the <a href="/wiki/VHS" title="VHS">VHS</a> format came out. </p><p>Ibuka retired in 1976<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Morita was named chairman of the company.<sup id="cite_ref-var_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-var-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1979, the <a href="/wiki/Walkman" title="Walkman">Walkman</a> was introduced, making it one of the world's first portable music players and in 1982, Sony launched the world's first <a href="/wiki/Compact_disc_player" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact disc player">compact disc player</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Sony_CDP-101" title="Sony CDP-101">Sony CDP-101</a>, with a <a href="/wiki/Compact_disc" title="Compact disc">compact disc</a> (CD) itself, a new data storage format Sony and <a href="/wiki/Philips" title="Philips">Philips</a> co-developed.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In that year, a 3.5-inch <a href="/wiki/Floppy_disk" title="Floppy disk">floppy disk</a> structure was introduced by Sony and it soon became the <a href="/wiki/Defacto" class="mw-redirect" title="Defacto">defacto</a> standard. In 1984, Sony launched the <a href="/wiki/Discman" title="Discman">Discman</a> series which extended their Walkman brand to portable CD products. </p><p>Under the vision of Morita,<sup id="cite_ref-Fackler_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fackler-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the company aggressively expanded into new businesses.<sup id="cite_ref-Christian_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christian-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Part of its motivation for doing so was the pursuit of "convergence", linking film, music and digital electronics.<sup id="cite_ref-Christian_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christian-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Twenty years after setting up a joint venture with CBS Records in Japan, Sony bought CBS Records Group<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which consisted of <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Records" title="Columbia Records">Columbia Records</a>, <a href="/wiki/Epic_Records" title="Epic Records">Epic Records</a> and other CBS labels. In 1989, they acquired Columbia Pictures Entertainment (<a href="/wiki/Columbia_Pictures" title="Columbia Pictures">Columbia Pictures</a>, <a href="/wiki/TriStar_Pictures" title="TriStar Pictures">TriStar Pictures</a> and others).<sup id="cite_ref-chap22_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chap22-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Norio_Ohga" title="Norio Ohga">Norio Ohga</a>, who had joined the company in the 1950s after sending Morita a letter denouncing the poor quality of the company's tape recorders, succeeded Morita as <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">chief executive officer</a> in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-stonybrook_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stonybrook-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Morita suffered a <a href="/wiki/Cerebral_hemorrhage" class="mw-redirect" title="Cerebral hemorrhage">cerebral hemorrhage</a> in 1993 while playing tennis<sup id="cite_ref-var_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-var-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and on November 25, 1994, stepped down as Sony chairman to be succeeded by Ohga. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_affiliations">Other affiliations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akio_Morita&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Other affiliations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Morita was vice chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Japan_Business_Federation" title="Japan Business Federation">Japan Business Federation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Japan_Federation_of_Economic_Organizations" class="mw-redirect" title="Japan Federation of Economic Organizations">Japan Federation of Economic Organizations</a>), and was a member of the Japan-U.S. Economic Relations Group, also known as the "Wise Men's Group". He helped <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> with its acquisition of an interest in <a href="/wiki/Isuzu" title="Isuzu">Isuzu</a> in 1972.<sup id="cite_ref-var_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-var-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the third Japanese chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Trilateral_Commission" title="Trilateral Commission">Trilateral Commission</a>. His amateur radio call sign is JP1DPJ. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akio_Morita&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1966, Morita wrote a book called <i>Gakureki Muyō Ron</i> (学歴無用論, Never Mind School Records), where he stresses that school records are not important to success or one's business skills. In 1986, Morita wrote an autobiography titled <i><a href="/wiki/Made_in_Japan_(biography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Made in Japan (biography)">Made in Japan</a></i>. He co-authored the 1991 book <i><a href="/wiki/The_Japan_That_Can_Say_No" title="The Japan That Can Say No">The Japan That Can Say No</a></i> with politician <a href="/wiki/Shintaro_Ishihara" title="Shintaro Ishihara">Shintaro Ishihara</a>, where they criticized American business practices and encouraged Japanese to take a more independent role in business and foreign affairs. (Actually, Morita had no intention to criticize American practices at that time.) The book was translated into English and caused controversy in the United States, and Morita later had his chapters removed from the English version and distanced himself from the book.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honours">Awards and honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akio_Morita&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Awards and honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1972, Morita received the Golden Plate Award of the <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Achievement" title="Academy of Achievement">American Academy of Achievement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Morita was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Albert_Medal_(Royal_Society_of_Arts)" title="Albert Medal (Royal Society of Arts)">Albert Medal</a> by the United Kingdom's <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Arts" title="Royal Society of Arts">Royal Society of Arts</a> in 1982, the first Japanese to receive the honor. Two years later, he received the prestigious <a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Honour" title="Legion of Honour">Legion of Honour</a>, and in 1991, was awarded the First Class <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Sacred_Treasure" title="Order of the Sacred Treasure">Order of the Sacred Treasure</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Akihito" title="Akihito">Emperor of Japan</a>. He was elected to the <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a> in 1992 and the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a> in 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year, he was awarded an honorary <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">British knighthood (KBE)</a>. Morita received the International Distinguished Entrepreneur Award from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Manitoba" title="University of Manitoba">University of Manitoba</a> in 1987. In 1998, he was the only Asian person on <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i> magazine's list of the 20 most influential business people of the 20th century as part of their <a href="/wiki/Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_Century" title="Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century">Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was posthumously awarded the Grand Cordon of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Rising_Sun" title="Order of the Rising Sun">Order of the Rising Sun</a> in 1999. In 2003, <a href="/wiki/Anaheim_University" title="Anaheim University">Anaheim University</a>'s Graduate School of Business was renamed the Akio Morita School of Business in his honor. The Morita family's support for the program led to the growth of the Anaheim University Akio Morita School of Business in Tokyo, Japan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Television_commercials">Television commercials</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akio_Morita&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Television commercials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Express" title="American Express">American Express</a> (1984)<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akio_Morita&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Morita, who loved to play golf and tennis and to watch movies when rainy,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> suffered a stroke in 1993, during a game of tennis.<sup id="cite_ref-var_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-var-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The stroke weakened him and left him in a wheelchair.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 25, 1994, he stepped down as Sony chairman. On October 3, 1999, Morita died of <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a> at the age of 78 in a Tokyo hospital, where he had been admitted since August 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akio_Morita&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.akiomorita.net/en/profile/life.html">Chronology</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180211214320/http://www.akiomorita.net/en/profile/life.html">Archived</a> February 11, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> About Akio Morita, Akio Morita Library</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chap1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chap1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chap1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/CorporateInfo/History/SonyHistory/1-01.html">"Sony Global – Sony History Chapter 1 Rebuilding from the Ashes"</a>. <i>www.sony.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(2016). <i>Loving and Leaving Washington: Reflections on Public Service</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Nebraska_Press" title="University of Nebraska Press">University of Nebraska Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781612348353" title="Special:BookSources/9781612348353"><bdi>9781612348353</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Loving+and+Leaving+Washington%3A+Reflections+on+Public+Service&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781612348353&rft.aulast=Yochelson&rft.aufirst=John+N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAkio+Morita" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.akiomorita.net/contents/10th/010.html">Talk about "Akio Morita"/ Naoyuki Agawa, Professor of Keio University (2001)</a> (in Japanese)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/ASIANOW/east/9910/02/morita.obit/index.html">"ASIANOW – Akio Morita, co-founder of Sony Corp. dies – October 2, 1999"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=ASIANOW+%E2%80%93+Akio+Morita%2C+co-founder+of+Sony+Corp.+dies+%E2%80%93+October+2%2C+1999&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2FASIANOW%2Feast%2F9910%2F02%2Fmorita.obit%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAkio+Morita" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPollack1999" class="citation news cs1">Pollack, Andrew (October 4, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/10/04/business/akio-morita-co-founder-of-sony-and-japanese-business-leader-dies-at-78.html">"Akio Morita, Co-Founder of Sony and Japanese Business Leader, Dies at 78"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Akio+Morita%2C+Co-Founder+of+Sony+and+Japanese+Business+Leader%2C+Dies+at+78&rft.date=1999-10-04&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Pollack&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1999%2F10%2F04%2Fbusiness%2Fakio-morita-co-founder-of-sony-and-japanese-business-leader-dies-at-78.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAkio+Morita" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akio_Morita&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Morita, Akio. <i>Made in Japan</i> Dutton, 1986 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-451-15171-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-451-15171-2">0-451-15171-2</a></li> <li>Morita, Akio. <i>Never Mind School Records</i> (1966) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/4-02-260415-8" title="Special:BookSources/4-02-260415-8">4-02-260415-8</a> in Japanese</li> <li>Morita, Akio (Co-Author) and Shintaro Ishihara. <i>The Japan That Can Say No</i> Simon & Schuster, 1991 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-671-75853-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-671-75853-5">0-671-75853-5</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/4-334-05158-8" title="Special:BookSources/4-334-05158-8">4-334-05158-8</a> in Japanese</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akio_Morita&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid 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href="http://www.sony.com/SCA/press/morita_bio.shtml">Sony Biographical notes</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/transistor/album1/addlbios/morita.html">PBS notes</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biography.yourdictionary.com/akio-morita">Akio Morita Facts</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ffcc66;">Business positions </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Masaru_Ibuka" title="Masaru Ibuka">Masaru Ibuka</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chairman of <a href="/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a> </b><br />1976–1994 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Masaru_Ibuka" title="Masaru Ibuka">Masaru Ibuka</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Akio Morita</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary businesses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony#Electronics_Products_&_Solutions" title="Sony">Sony Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony#Imaging_&_Sensing_Solutions" title="Sony">Sony Semiconductor Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Entertainment" title="Sony Entertainment">Sony Entertainment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Group" title="Sony Music Group">Sony Music Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music">Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Publishing" title="Sony Music Publishing">Publishing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures" title="Sony Pictures">Sony Pictures</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Financial_Group" title="Sony Financial Group">Sony Financial Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Life" title="Sony Life">Sony Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Bank" title="Sony Bank">Sony Bank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Interactive_Entertainment" title="Sony Interactive Entertainment">Sony Interactive Entertainment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation" title="PlayStation">PlayStation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment_Japan" title="Sony Music Entertainment Japan">Sony Music Entertainment Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aniplex" title="Aniplex">Aniplex</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sony_trademarks" title="List of Sony trademarks">Technologies<br />and brands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_%CE%B1" title="Sony α">α (Alpha)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betacam" title="Betacam">Betacam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bionz" title="Bionz">Bionz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bravia_(brand)" title="Bravia (brand)">Bravia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_disc" title="Compact disc">CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cell_(microprocessor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cell (microprocessor)">Cell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyber-shot" title="Cyber-shot">Cyber-shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Dash" title="Sony Dash">Dash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Dream_Machine" title="Sony Dream Machine">Dream Machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exmor" title="Exmor">Exmor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FeliCa" title="FeliCa">FeliCa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handycam" title="Handycam">Handycam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HDCAM" title="HDCAM">HDCAM/HDCAM-SR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMZ-T1" title="HMZ-T1">HMZ-T1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inzone" title="Inzone">Inzone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LocationFree_Player" title="LocationFree Player">LocationFree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memory_Stick" title="Memory Stick">Memory Stick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MiniDisc" title="MiniDisc">MiniDisc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DV_(video_format)" title="DV (video format)">MiniDV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MicroMV" title="MicroMV">MicroMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mylo_(Sony)" title="Mylo (Sony)">mylo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayNow_Arena" title="PlayNow Arena">PlayNow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation" title="PlayStation">PlayStation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Reader" title="Sony Reader">Reader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S/PDIF" title="S/PDIF">S/PDIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Dynamic_Digital_Sound" title="Sony Dynamic Digital Sound">SDDS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_8_channel_SDDS_films" title="List of 8 channel SDDS films">8 channel films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Entertainment_Network" title="Sony Entertainment Network">Sony Entertainment Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_X-tal_Reflective_Display" title="Silicon X-tal Reflective Display">SXRD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Tablet" title="Sony Tablet">Sony Tablet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunnel_diode" title="Tunnel diode">Tunnel diode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TransferJet" title="TransferJet">TransferJet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Media_Disc" title="Universal Media Disc">UMD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaio" title="Vaio">Vaio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8_mm_video_format" title="8 mm video format">Video8/Hi8/Digital8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Vision-S" title="Sony Vision-S">Vision-S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walkman" title="Walkman">Walkman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XDCAM" title="XDCAM">XDCAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Xperia" title="Sony Xperia">Xperia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AIBO" title="AIBO">AIBO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CV-2000" title="CV-2000">CV-2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Audio_Tape" title="Digital Audio Tape">DAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betamax" title="Betamax">Betamax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CLI%C3%89" title="CLIÉ">Sony CLIÉ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discman" title="Discman">Discman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jumbotron" title="Jumbotron">Jumbotron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Lissa" title="Sony Lissa">Lissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Mavica" title="Sony Mavica">Mavica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_NEWS" title="Sony NEWS">NEWS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optiarc" title="Optiarc">Optiarc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qualia_(Sony)" title="Qualia (Sony)">Qualia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Rolly" title="Sony Rolly">Rolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TR-55" title="TR-55">TR-55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinitron" title="Trinitron">Trinitron</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FD_Trinitron/WEGA" title="FD Trinitron/WEGA">FD series</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_C_videotape" title="Type C videotape">1 inch Type C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U-matic" title="U-matic">U-matic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaio" title="Vaio">Vaio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Watchman" title="Sony Watchman">Watchman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WEGA" title="WEGA">WEGA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Electronics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Creative_Software" title="Sony Creative Software">Sony Creative Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FeliCa" title="FeliCa">FeliCa Networks</a> (57%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Digital_distribution" title="Digital distribution">Online distribution</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Content_delivery_network" title="Content delivery network">platforms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Network" title="PlayStation Network">PlayStation Network</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Now" title="PlayStation Now">PlayStation Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Store" title="PlayStation Store">PlayStation Store</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Core" title="Sony Pictures Core">Sony Pictures Core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SonyLIV" title="SonyLIV">SonyLIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crunchyroll" title="Crunchyroll">Crunchyroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pure_Flix" class="mw-redirect" title="Pure Flix">Great American Pure Flix</a> (joint venture with <a href="/wiki/Great_American_Media" title="Great American Media">Great American Media</a>)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Former/Defunct" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Former/Defunct</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PlayNow_Arena" title="PlayNow Arena">PlayNow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Video" title="PlayStation Video">PlayStation Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Vue" title="PlayStation Vue">PlayStation Vue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crunchyroll_EMEA#Anime_Digital_Network" title="Crunchyroll EMEA">Anime Digital Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anime_on_Demand" title="Anime on Demand">Anime on Demand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crunchyroll_Store_Australia#AnimeLab" title="Crunchyroll Store Australia">AnimeLab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funimation" title="Funimation">Funimation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakanim" title="Wakanim">Wakanim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VRV_(streaming_service)" title="VRV (streaming service)">VRV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Entertainment_Network" title="Sony Entertainment Network">Sony Entertainment Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crackle_(service)" title="Crackle (service)">Crackle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Minisode_Network" title="The Minisode Network">Minisodes</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other businesses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Digital_Audio_Disc_Corporation" title="Sony Digital Audio Disc Corporation">Sony DADC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/So-net" title="So-net">Sony Network Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Professional_Solutions" title="Sony Professional Solutions">Sony Professional Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Honda_Mobility" title="Sony Honda Mobility">Sony Honda Mobility</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MDLinx" title="MDLinx">M3</a> (39.4%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaio" title="Vaio">Vaio</a> (4.9%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other assets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Corporation_of_America" title="Sony Corporation of America">Sony Corporation of America</a> (umbrella company in the US)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_assets_owned_by_Sony" title="List of assets owned by Sony">Other subsidiaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_acquisitions_by_Sony" title="List of acquisitions by Sony">List of acquisitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_owned_by_Sony" title="List of libraries owned by Sony">List of libraries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nonprofit organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shohoku_College" title="Shohoku College">Sony Institute of Higher Education Shohoku College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Toshiba_IBM_Center_of_Competence_for_the_Cell_Processor" title="Sony Toshiba IBM Center of Competence for the Cell Processor">Sony Toshiba IBM Center of Competence for the Cell Processor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_timer" title="Sony timer">Sony timer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="IEEE_Founders_Medal" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:IEEE_Founders_Medal" title="Template:IEEE Founders Medal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:IEEE_Founders_Medal" title="Template talk:IEEE Founders Medal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:IEEE_Founders_Medal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:IEEE Founders Medal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="IEEE_Founders_Medal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/IEEE" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE">IEEE</a> <a href="/wiki/IEEE_Founders_Medal" title="IEEE Founders Medal">Founders Medal</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1953–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Sarnoff" title="David Sarnoff">David Sarnoff</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Norton_Goldsmith" title="Alfred Norton Goldsmith">Alfred Norton Goldsmith</a> (1954)</li> <li><i>No award</i> (1955)</li> <li><i>No award</i> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_A._Heising" title="Raymond A. Heising">Raymond A. Heising</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Ransom_Gail_Baker" title="Walter Ransom Gail Baker">Walter Ransom Gail Baker</a> (1958)</li> <li><i>No award</i> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haraden_Pratt" title="Haraden Pratt">Haraden Pratt</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Bown" title="Ralph Bown">Ralph Bown</a> (1961)</li> <li><i>No award</i> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Terman" title="Frederick Terman">Frederick Terman</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_McNaughton" title="Andrew McNaughton">Andrew McNaughton</a> (1964)</li> <li><i>No award</i> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_William_Engstrom" title="Elmer William Engstrom">Elmer William Engstrom</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Fletcher" title="Harvey Fletcher">Harvey Fletcher</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_E._Haggerty" title="Patrick E. Haggerty">Patrick E. Haggerty</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Finley_Carter" title="E. Finley Carter">E. Finley Carter</a> (1969)</li> <li>Morris D. Hooven (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Weber_(engineer)" title="Ernst Weber (engineer)">Ernst Weber</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masaru_Ibuka" title="Masaru Ibuka">Masaru Ibuka</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hewlett" title="Bill Hewlett">Bill Hewlett</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Packard" title="David Packard">David Packard</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_A._Hyland" title="Lawrence A. Hyland">Lawrence A. Hyland</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Grist_Brainerd" title="John Grist Brainerd">John G. Brainerd</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Edward W. Herold (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Wiesner" title="Jerome Wiesner">Jerome Wiesner</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_G._Fink" title="Donald G. Fink">Donald G. Fink</a> (1978)</li> <li>Hanzo Omi (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Ramo" title="Simon Ramo">Simon Ramo</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Hillier" title="James Hillier">James Hillier</a> (1981)</li> <li>Shigeru Yonezawa (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_M._Pettit" title="Joseph M. Pettit">Joseph M. Pettit</a> (1983)</li> <li>Koji Kobayashi (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Norris_(CEO)" title="William Norris (CEO)">William Norris</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Heilmeier" title="George H. Heilmeier">George H. Heilmeier</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Owens" title="James B. Owens">James B. Owens</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Munro_Ross" title="Ian Munro Ross">Ian Munro Ross</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_A._Getting" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan A. Getting">Ivan A. Getting</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Bloch" title="Erich Bloch">Erich Bloch</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irwin_Dorros" title="Irwin Dorros">Irwin Dorros</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_W._Schmitt" title="Roland W. Schmitt">Roland W. Schmitt</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Olsen" title="Ken Olsen">Ken Olsen</a> (1993)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Akio Morita</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_R._Currie" title="Malcolm R. Currie">Malcolm R. Currie</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_R._Augustine" title="Norman R. Augustine">Norman R. Augustine</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Moore" title="Gordon Moore">Gordon Moore</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_W._Rudge" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan W. Rudge">Alan W. Rudge</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_M._Rosen" title="Benjamin M. Rosen">Benjamin M. Rosen</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Galvin" title="Bob Galvin">Bob Galvin</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Frosch" title="Robert A. Frosch">Robert A. Frosch</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Eugene_Everhart" title="Thomas Eugene Everhart">Thomas Eugene Everhart</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Stata" title="Ray Stata">Ray Stata</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Dresselhaus" title="Mildred Dresselhaus">Mildred Dresselhaus</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Wong" title="Eugene Wong">Eugene Wong</a> (2005)</li> <li>Toshiharu Aoki (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anita_K._Jones" title="Anita K. Jones">Anita K. Jones</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Sample" title="Steven Sample">Steven Sample</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Barrett_(chief_executive)" title="Craig Barrett (chief executive)">Craig Barrett</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_E._Gray" title="Paul E. Gray">Paul E. Gray</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Gibbons" title="James F. Gibbons">James F. Gibbons</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._C._Kohli" title="F. C. Kohli">F. C. Kohli</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Beranek" title="Leo Beranek">Leo Beranek</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Schmidt" title="Eric Schmidt">Eric Schmidt</a> (2014)</li> <li>James Plummer (2015)</li> <li><i>No award</i> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takeo_Kanade" title="Takeo Kanade">Takeo Kanade</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._R._Narayana_Murthy" title="N. R. Narayana Murthy">N. R. Narayana Murthy</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Saxby" title="Robin Saxby">Robin Saxby</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jen-Hsun_Huang" class="mw-redirect" title="Jen-Hsun Huang">Jen-Hsun Huang</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Samueli" title="Henry Samueli">Henry Samueli</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Brooks_Slaughter" title="John Brooks Slaughter">John Brooks Slaughter</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodney_Brooks" title="Rodney Brooks">Rodney Brooks</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsu-Jae_King_Liu" title="Tsu-Jae King Liu">Tsu-Jae King Liu</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Asian_of_the_Century_The_Big_Five" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asian_of_the_Century" title="Template:Asian of the Century"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asian_of_the_Century" title="Template talk:Asian of the Century"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asian_of_the_Century" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asian of the Century"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Asian_of_the_Century_The_Big_Five" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Asian_of_the_Century" title="Asian of the Century">Asian of the Century</a> The Big Five</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Akio Morita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_K._Kao" title="Charles K. Kao">Charles K. Kao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mohandas K. Gandhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="International_Emmy_Directorate_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #F9EFAA;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:International_Emmy_Directorate_Award" title="Template:International Emmy Directorate Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:International_Emmy_Directorate_Award" title="Template talk:International Emmy Directorate Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:International_Emmy_Directorate_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:International Emmy Directorate Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="International_Emmy_Directorate_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/International_Emmy_Directorate_Award" title="International Emmy Directorate Award">International Emmy Directorate Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Curran_(television_executive)" title="Charles Curran (television executive)">Charles Curran</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_V._Charyk" title="Joseph V. Charyk">Joseph V. Charyk</a> (1974)</li> <li>Junzo Imamichi (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbot_Duckmanton" title="Talbot Duckmanton">Talbot Duckmanton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Marinho" title="Roberto Marinho">Roberto Marinho</a> / <a href="/wiki/Howard_Thomas_(producer)" title="Howard Thomas (producer)">Howard Thomas</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonse_Ouimet" title="Alphonse Ouimet">Alphonse Quimet</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prix_Italia" title="Prix Italia">Prix Italia</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Stanton_(executive)" title="Frank Stanton (executive)">Frank Stanton</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lew_Grade" title="Lew Grade">Lew Grade</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huw_Wheldon" title="Huw Wheldon">Huw Wheldon</a> (1981)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Akio Morita</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Marinho" title="Roberto Marinho">Roberto Marinho</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Bernstein,_Baron_Bernstein" title="Sidney Bernstein, Baron Bernstein">Sidney Bernstein</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Goldenson" title="Leonard Goldenson">Leonard Goldenson</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Schmertz" title="Herbert Schmertz">Herbert Schmertz</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Isaacs" title="Jeremy Isaacs">Jeremy Isaacs</a> (1987)</li> <li>Vittorio Boni (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner">Ted Turner</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrikas_Yushkiavitshus" class="mw-redirect" title="Henrikas Yushkiavitshus">Henrikas Yushkiavitshus</a> (1990)</li> <li>Henry Becton (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvio_Berlusconi" title="Silvio Berlusconi">Silvio Berlusconi</a> (1992)</li> <li>Andre Rousselet (1993)</li> <li>Helmut Thoma (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Birt,_Baron_Birt" title="John Birt, Baron Birt">John Birt</a> (1995)</li> <li>Herbert A. Granath (1996)</li> <li>Dieter Stolte (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Nilsson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sam Nilsson">Sam Nilsson</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Baruch" title="Ralph Baruch">Ralph Baruch</a> (1999)</li> <li>Su-Ming Cheng (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Cisneros" title="Gustavo Cisneros">Gustavo Cisneros</a> (2001)</li> <li>Katsuji Ebisawa (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Dyke" title="Greg Dyke">Greg Dyke</a> (2003)</li> <li>Herbert Kloiber (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Allen,_Baron_Allen_of_Kensington" title="Charles Allen, Baron Allen of Kensington">Charles Allen</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_S._Lauder" class="mw-redirect" title="Ronald S. Lauder">Ronald S. Lauder</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Le_Lay" title="Patrick Le Lay">Patrick Le Lay</a> (2007)</li> <li>Liu Changle (2008)</li> <li>Markus Schächter (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorne_Michaels" title="Lorne Michaels">Lorne Michaels</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subhash_Chandra" title="Subhash Chandra">Subhash Chandra</a> (2011)</li> <li>Kim In-Kyu (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anke_Sch%C3%A4ferkordt" title="Anke Schäferkordt">Anke Schäferkordt</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Irineu_Marinho" title="Roberto Irineu Marinho">Roberto Irineu Marinho</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Plepler" title="Richard Plepler">Richard Plepler</a> (2015)</li> <li>Maria Rørbye Rønn (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Azc%C3%A1rraga_Jean" title="Emilio Azcárraga Jean">Emilio Azcárraga Jean</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophie_Turner_Laing" title="Sophie Turner Laing">Sophie Turner Laing</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christiane_Amanpour" title="Christiane Amanpour">Christiane Amanpour</a> (2019)</li> <li>No Award (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bellut" title="Thomas Bellut">Thomas Bellut</a> (2021)</li> <li>Miky Lee (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekta_Kapoor" title="Ekta Kapoor">Ekta Kapoor</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_20th_Century" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_Century" title="Template:Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_Century" title="Template talk:Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_Century" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_20th_Century" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_Century" title="Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century"><i>Time</i> 100: The Most Important People of the 20th Century</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leaders & revolutionaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Ben-Gurion" title="David Ben-Gurion">David Ben-Gurion</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh" title="Ho Chi Minh">Ho Chi Minh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Ruhollah Khomeini</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Sanger" title="Margaret Sanger">Margaret Sanger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tank_Man" title="Tank Man">Unknown Tiananmen Square rebel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists & entertainers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Armstrong" title="Louis Armstrong">Louis Armstrong</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball">Lucille Ball</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marlon_Brando" title="Marlon Brando">Marlon Brando</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coco_Chanel" title="Coco Chanel">Coco Chanel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Le_Corbusier" title="Le Corbusier">Le Corbusier</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">T. S. Eliot</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aretha_Franklin" title="Aretha Franklin">Aretha Franklin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martha_Graham" title="Martha Graham">Martha Graham</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Henson" title="Jim Henson">Jim Henson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">James Joyce</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Pablo Picasso</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rodgers_and_Oscar_Hammerstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein">Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bart_Simpson" title="Bart Simpson">Bart Simpson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Builders & titans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Bechtel_Sr." title="Stephen Bechtel Sr.">Stephen Bechtel Sr.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leo_Burnett" title="Leo Burnett">Leo Burnett</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Willis_Carrier" title="Willis Carrier">Willis Carrier</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Ford" title="Henry Ford">Henry Ford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Gates" title="Bill Gates">Bill Gates</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Amadeo_Giannini" title="Amadeo Giannini">Amadeo Giannini</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Kroc" title="Ray Kroc">Ray Kroc</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_(businesswoman)" title="Estée Lauder (businesswoman)">Estée Lauder</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Levitt" title="William Levitt">William Levitt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lucky_Luciano" title="Lucky Luciano">Lucky Luciano</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer">Louis B. Mayer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Merrill" title="Charles E. Merrill">Charles E. Merrill</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Akio Morita</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Reuther" title="Walter Reuther">Walter Reuther</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pete_Rozelle" title="Pete Rozelle">Pete Rozelle</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Sarnoff" title="David Sarnoff">David Sarnoff</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Trippe" title="Juan Trippe">Juan Trippe</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Walton" title="Sam Walton">Sam Walton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Watson_Jr." title="Thomas J. Watson Jr.">Thomas J. Watson Jr.</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scientists & thinkers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leo_Baekeland" title="Leo Baekeland">Leo Baekeland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Carson" title="Rachel Carson">Rachel Carson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philo_Farnsworth" title="Philo Farnsworth">Philo Farnsworth</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Enrico Fermi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Fleming" title="Alexander Fleming">Alexander Fleming</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Sigmund Freud</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Goddard" title="Robert H. Goddard">Robert H. Goddard</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kurt_G%C3%B6del" title="Kurt Gödel">Kurt Gödel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Hubble" title="Edwin Hubble">Edwin Hubble</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Maynard_Keynes" title="John Maynard Keynes">John Maynard Keynes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leakey_family" title="Leakey family">Leakey family</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Piaget" title="Jean Piaget">Jean Piaget</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jonas_Salk" title="Jonas Salk">Jonas Salk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" title="William Shockley">William Shockley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Turing" title="Alan Turing">Alan Turing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick">Francis Crick</a> & <a href="/wiki/James_Watson" title="James Watson">James Watson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein" title="Ludwig Wittgenstein">Ludwig Wittgenstein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wright_brothers" title="Wright brothers">Wright brothers</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Heroes & icons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/G.I." title="G.I.">The American G.I.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales" title="Diana, Princess of Wales">Lady Diana Spencer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anne_Frank" title="Anne Frank">Anne Frank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Graham" title="Billy Graham">Billy Graham</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Che Guevara</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Hillary" title="Edmund Hillary">Edmund Hillary</a> & <a href="/wiki/Tenzing_Norgay" title="Tenzing Norgay">Tenzing Norgay</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Helen_Keller" title="Helen Keller">Helen Keller</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_family" title="Kennedy family">Kennedy family</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Lee" title="Bruce Lee">Bruce Lee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles Lindbergh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Milk" title="Harvey Milk">Harvey Milk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe" title="Marilyn Monroe">Marilyn Monroe</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emmeline_Pankhurst" title="Emmeline Pankhurst">Emmeline Pankhurst</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks">Rosa Parks</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pel%C3%A9" title="Pelé">Pelé</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Robinson" title="Jackie Robinson">Jackie Robinson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Sakharov" title="Andrei Sakharov">Andrei Sakharov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Mother Teresa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_W." title="Bill W.">Bill W.</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" 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at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000108568125">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/40174844">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1471765/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJhXd9JRf7RBj8KWkmH3cP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118816497">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85296713">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120949520">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120949520">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00047470">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35928174">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20010525442&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX862229">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p072530081">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90128376">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000094662&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000239418&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC200109033">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810649414205606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007452424005171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14496961">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01323468?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1149737">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118816497">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/029291836">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6sn1ch5">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Akio_Morita&oldid=1246808789">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Akio_Morita&oldid=1246808789</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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