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rules</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: dependency rules"> <meta name="keywords" content="dependency rules"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="dependency rules"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1517</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: dependency rules</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1517</span> Research of Data Cleaning Methods Based on Dependency Rules</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Bao">Yang Bao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shi%20Wei%20Deng"> Shi Wei Deng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WangQun%20Lin"> WangQun Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper introduces the concept and principle of data cleaning, analyzes the types and causes of dirty data, and proposes several key steps of typical cleaning process, puts forward a well scalability and versatility data cleaning framework, in view of data with attribute dependency relation, designs several of violation data discovery algorithms by formal formula, which can obtain inconsistent data to all target columns with condition attribute dependent no matter data is structured (SQL) or unstructured (NoSQL), and gives 6 data cleaning methods based on these algorithms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20cleaning" title="data cleaning">data cleaning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dependency%20rules" title=" dependency rules"> dependency rules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=violation%20data%20discovery" title=" violation data discovery"> violation data discovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20repair" title=" data repair"> data repair</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31348/research-of-data-cleaning-methods-based-on-dependency-rules" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31348.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">564</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1516</span> Chinese Event Detection Technique Based on Dependency Parsing and Rule Matching</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weitao%20Lin">Weitao Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To quickly extract adequate information from large-scale unstructured text data, this paper studies the representation of events in Chinese scenarios and performs the regularized abstraction. It proposes a Chinese event detection technique based on dependency parsing and rule matching. The method first performs dependency parsing on the original utterance, then performs pattern matching at the word or phrase granularity based on the results of dependent syntactic analysis, filters out the utterances with prominent non-event characteristics, and obtains the final results. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20language%20processing" title="natural language processing">natural language processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20event%20detection" title=" Chinese event detection"> Chinese event detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rules%20matching" title=" rules matching"> rules matching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dependency%20parsing" title=" dependency parsing"> dependency parsing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158129/chinese-event-detection-technique-based-on-dependency-parsing-and-rule-matching" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158129.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1515</span> Characterising Stable Model by Extended Labelled Dependency Graph</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asraful%20Islam">Asraful Islam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Extended dependency graph (EDG) is a state-of-the-art isomorphic graph to represent normal logic programs (NLPs) that can characterize the consistency of NLPs by graph analysis. To construct the vertices and arcs of an EDG, additional renaming atoms and rules besides those the given program provides are used, resulting in higher space complexity compared to the corresponding traditional dependency graph (TDG). In this article, we propose an extended labeled dependency graph (ELDG) to represent an NLP that shares an equal number of nodes and arcs with TDG and prove that it is isomorphic to the domain program. The number of nodes and arcs used in the underlying dependency graphs are formulated to compare the space complexity. Results show that ELDG uses less memory to store nodes, arcs, and cycles compared to EDG. To exhibit the desirability of ELDG, firstly, the stable models of the kernel form of NLP are characterized by the admissible coloring of ELDG; secondly, a relation of the stable models of a kernel program with the handles of the minimal, odd cycles appearing in the corresponding ELDG has been established; thirdly, to our best knowledge, for the first time an inverse transformation from a dependency graph to the representing NLP w.r.t. ELDG has been defined that enables transferring analytical results from the graph to the program straightforwardly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normal%20logic%20program" title="normal logic program">normal logic program</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isomorphism%20of%20graph" title=" isomorphism of graph"> isomorphism of graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extended%20labelled%20dependency%20graph" title=" extended labelled dependency graph"> extended labelled dependency graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverse%20graph%20transforma-tion" title=" inverse graph transforma-tion"> inverse graph transforma-tion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graph%20colouring" title=" graph colouring"> graph colouring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137606/characterising-stable-model-by-extended-labelled-dependency-graph" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1514</span> The Association between Facebook Emotional Dependency with Psychological Well-Being in Eudaimonic Approach among Adolescents 13-16 Years Old</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Somayyeh%20Naeemi">Somayyeh Naeemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezhar%20Tamam"> Ezhar Tamam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In most of the countries, Facebook allocated high rank of usage among other social network sites. Several studies have examined the effect of Facebook intensity on individuals’ psychological well-being. However, few studies have investigated its effect on eudaimonic well-being. The current study explored how emotional dependency to Facebook relates to psychological well-being in terms of eudaimonic well-being. The number of 402 adolescents 13-16 years old who studied in upper secondary school in Malaysia participated in this study. It was expected to find out a negative association between emotional dependency to Facebook and time spent on Facebook and psychological well-being. It also was examined the moderation effects of self-efficacy on psychological well-being. The results by Structural Equation Modeling revealed that emotional dependency to Facebook has a negative effect on adolescents’ psychological well-being. Surprisingly self-efficacy did not have moderation effect on the relationship between emotional dependency to Facebook and psychological well-being. Lastly, the emotional dependency to Facebook and not the time spent on Facebook lessen adolescents’ psychological well-being, suggesting the value of investigating Facebook usage among college students in future studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotional%20dependency%20to%20facebook" title="emotional dependency to facebook">emotional dependency to facebook</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychological%20well-being" title=" psychological well-being"> psychological well-being</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eudaimonic%20well-being" title=" eudaimonic well-being"> eudaimonic well-being</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-efficacy" title=" self-efficacy"> self-efficacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescent" title=" adolescent"> adolescent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31387/the-association-between-facebook-emotional-dependency-with-psychological-well-being-in-eudaimonic-approach-among-adolescents-13-16-years-old" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">517</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1513</span> The Increasing Importance of CFC Rules: An OECD+ Country Overview</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Axel%20Prettl">Axel Prettl</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper provides an overview of the different CFC rule settings in the OECD and 22 additional countries for the years 2004 to 2014 and compares them. In order to do so, it gives a summary of law amendments for every country, provides a comparison and afterwards all CFC rules are rated in their ”power of anti-avoidance” over time. For that rating of CFC rules, the largest common denominator of rule characteristics is used to keep it as abstract as necessary and possible. The paper points out that the CFC rules in the considered countries are very different in their specifications and they reach from very strict to very low binding. All in all these rules get more and more common and important; more countries implement a CFC legislation and the strictness of most of them rises over time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFC%20rules" title="CFC rules">CFC rules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20taxation" title=" international taxation"> international taxation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20taxation" title=" corporate taxation"> corporate taxation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=country%20comparison" title=" country comparison"> country comparison</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46197/the-increasing-importance-of-cfc-rules-an-oecd-country-overview" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46197.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1512</span> Clustering of Extremes in Financial Returns: A Comparison between Developed and Emerging Markets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Ali%20Alokley">Sara Ali Alokley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mansour%20Saleh%20Albarrak"> Mansour Saleh Albarrak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the dependency or clustering of extremes in the financial returns data by estimating the extremal index value θ∈[0,1]. The smaller the value of θ the more clustering we have. Here we apply the method of Ferro and Segers (2003) to estimate the extremal index for a range of threshold values. We compare the dependency structure of extremes in the developed and emerging markets. We use the financial returns of the stock market index in the developed markets of US, UK, France, Germany and Japan and the emerging markets of Brazil, Russia, India, China and Saudi Arabia. We expect that more clustering occurs in the emerging markets. This study will help to understand the dependency structure of the financial returns data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustring" title="clustring">clustring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extremes" title=" extremes"> extremes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=returns" title=" returns"> returns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dependency" title=" dependency"> dependency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extermal%20index" title=" extermal index"> extermal index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65436/clustering-of-extremes-in-financial-returns-a-comparison-between-developed-and-emerging-markets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65436.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1511</span> Semi-Automatic Method to Assist Expert for Association Rules Validation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amdouni%20Hamida">Amdouni Hamida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gammoudi%20Mohamed%20Mohsen"> Gammoudi Mohamed Mohsen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to help the expert to validate association rules extracted from data, some quality measures are proposed in the literature. We distinguish two categories: objective and subjective measures. The first one depends on a fixed threshold and on data quality from which the rules are extracted. The second one consists on providing to the expert some tools in the objective to explore and visualize rules during the evaluation step. However, the number of extracted rules to validate remains high. Thus, the manually mining rules task is very hard. To solve this problem, we propose, in this paper, a semi-automatic method to assist the expert during the association rule's validation. Our method uses rule-based classification as follow: (i) We transform association rules into classification rules (classifiers), (ii) We use the generated classifiers for data classification. (iii) We visualize association rules with their quality classification to give an idea to the expert and to assist him during validation process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=association%20rules" title="association rules">association rules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rule-based%20classification" title=" rule-based classification"> rule-based classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification%20quality" title=" classification quality"> classification quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validation" title=" validation"> validation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29443/semi-automatic-method-to-assist-expert-for-association-rules-validation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1510</span> Comparing Abused and Normal Male Students in Tehran Guidance Schools: Emphasizing the Co-Dependency of Their Mothers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Saleh%20Sangin%20Ostadi">Mohamad Saleh Sangin Ostadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esmail%20Safari"> Esmail Safari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Somayeh%20Akbari"> Somayeh Akbari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaveh%20Qaderi%20Bagajan"> Kaveh Qaderi Bagajan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to compare abused and normal male students in Tehran guidance schools with emphasis on the co-dependency of their mothers. The method of this study is based on survey method and comparison (Ex-Post Facto). The method of sampling is also multi-stage cluster. Accordingly, we did sampling from secondary schools of education and training in Tehran, including 12 schools with levels of first, second and third. Each of the schools represents the three – high, medium and low- economic and social conditions. In the following, three classes from every school and 20 students from each class were randomly selected. By (CTQ) abused and normal students were separated that 670 children were recognized as normal and 50 children as abused. Then, 50 children were randomly selected from normal group and compared with abused group. Using Spanned-Fischer Co-dependency Scale, we compared mothers of abused and normal students. The results showed that mothers of the abused children have higher co- dependency average comparing to the mothers of the normal children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-dependency" title="co-dependency">co-dependency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20abuse" title=" child abuse"> child abuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abused%20children" title=" abused children"> abused children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parental%20psychological%20health" title=" parental psychological health"> parental psychological health</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42250/comparing-abused-and-normal-male-students-in-tehran-guidance-schools-emphasizing-the-co-dependency-of-their-mothers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42250.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1509</span> Economical Dependency Evolution and Complexity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=All%C3%A9%20Dieng">Allé Dieng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamadou%20Bousso"> Mamadou Bousso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Latif%20Dramani"> Latif Dramani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this work is to show the complexity behind economical interrelations in a country and provide a linear dynamic model of economical dependency evolution in a country. The model is based on National Transfer Account which is one of the most robust methodology developed in order to measure a level of demographic dividend captured in a country. It is built upon three major factors: demography, economical dependency and migration. The established mathematical model has been simulated using Netlogo software. The innovation of this study is in describing economical dependency as a complex system and simulating using mathematical equation the evolution of the two populations: the economical dependent and the non-economical dependent as defined in the National Transfer Account methodology. It also allows us to see the interactions and behaviors of both populations. The model can track individual characteristics and look at the effect of birth and death rates on the evolution of these two populations. The developed model is useful to understand how demographic and economic phenomenon are related <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ABM" title="ABM">ABM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demographic%20dividend" title=" demographic dividend"> demographic dividend</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=National%20Transfer%20Accounts%20%28NTA%29" title=" National Transfer Accounts (NTA)"> National Transfer Accounts (NTA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ODE" title=" ODE"> ODE</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102365/economical-dependency-evolution-and-complexity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102365.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1508</span> A Method for Reduction of Association Rules in Data Mining</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diego%20De%20Castro%20Rodrigues">Diego De Castro Rodrigues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcelo%20Lisboa%20Rocha"> Marcelo Lisboa Rocha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniela%20M.%20De%20Q.%20Trevisan"> Daniela M. De Q. Trevisan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcos%20Dias%20Da%20Conceicao"> Marcos Dias Da Conceicao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriel%20Rosa"> Gabriel Rosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rommel%20M.%20Barbosa"> Rommel M. Barbosa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of association rules algorithms within data mining is recognized as being of great value in the knowledge discovery in databases. Very often, the number of rules generated is high, sometimes even in databases with small volume, so the success in the analysis of results can be hampered by this quantity. The purpose of this research is to present a method for reducing the quantity of rules generated with association algorithms. Therefore, a computational algorithm was developed with the use of a Weka Application Programming Interface, which allows the execution of the method on different types of databases. After the development, tests were carried out on three types of databases: synthetic, model, and real. Efficient results were obtained in reducing the number of rules, where the worst case presented a gain of more than 50%, considering the concepts of support, confidence, and lift as measures. This study concluded that the proposed model is feasible and quite interesting, contributing to the analysis of the results of association rules generated from the use of algorithms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20mining" title="data mining">data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=association%20rules" title=" association rules"> association rules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rules%20reduction" title=" rules reduction"> rules reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title=" artificial intelligence"> artificial intelligence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110517/a-method-for-reduction-of-association-rules-in-data-mining" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1507</span> Dependency Theory on Examining the Relationship between the United States and the Middle East: In the Case of Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhafez%20Abdel%20Hafez">Abdelhafez Abdel Hafez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dependency theory was developed since 1950s, with economic concerns. It divided the world into two parts, the states of the peripheral (third world countries) and the states of the core (the developed capitalist countries). Another perspective developed to the theory with the implementation of the idea of semi-peripheral states in the new world order. With these divisions (core, peripheral, semi-peripheral) this study aims to develop a concept from the perspective of dependency theory, to understand the nature of the relationship of the U.S. with the Middle East Regions through its relation with Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey. The tested countries (Saudi Arabia, Iran and Turkey) are seeking a foothold and influential role in the region. The paper argued that the U.S. directs its policies toward the region, in the way to guarantee no country of the region will be in semi-peripheral level (that could create competitions or danger on the U.S. interest). Therefore, U.S. policies in the region have varied from declaring war to diplomatic channels and sometimes ignoring. The paper is based on the dependency theory, and other international relations theories used to study the Middle East in the international context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dependency" title="dependency">dependency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hegemony" title=" hegemony"> hegemony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imperialism" title=" imperialism"> imperialism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=middle%20east" title=" middle east"> middle east</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127416/dependency-theory-on-examining-the-relationship-between-the-united-states-and-the-middle-east-in-the-case-of-iran-saudi-arabia-and-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127416.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1506</span> The Effectiveness of National Fiscal Rules in the Asia-Pacific Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chiung-Ju%20Huang">Chiung-Ju Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan-Hong%20Ho"> Yuan-Hong Ho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study utilizes the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Fiscal Rules Dataset focusing on four specific fiscal rules such as expenditure rule, revenue rule, budget balance rule, and debt rule and five main characteristics of each fiscal rule those are monitoring, enforcement, coverage, legal basis, and escape clause to construct the Fiscal Rule Index for nine countries in the Asia-Pacific region from 1996 to 2015. After constructing the fiscal rule index for each country, we utilize the Panel Generalized Method of Moments (Panel GMM) by using the constructed fiscal rule index to examine the effectiveness of fiscal rules in reducing procyclicality. Empirical results show that national fiscal rules have a significantly negative impact on procyclicality of government expenditure. Additionally, stricter fiscal rules combined with high government effectiveness are effective in reducing procyclicality of government expenditure. Results of this study indicate that for nine Asia-Pacific countries, policymakers’ use of fiscal rules and government effectiveness to reducing procyclicality of fiscal policy are effective. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=counter-cyclical%20policy" title="counter-cyclical policy">counter-cyclical policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiscal%20rules" title=" fiscal rules"> fiscal rules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=government%20efficiency" title=" government efficiency"> government efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=procyclical%20policy" title=" procyclical policy"> procyclical policy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95982/the-effectiveness-of-national-fiscal-rules-in-the-asia-pacific-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95982.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1505</span> Spatiotemporal Community Detection and Analysis of Associations among Overlapping Communities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=JooYoung%20Lee">JooYoung Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasheed%20Hussain"> Rasheed Hussain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding the relationships among communities of users is the key to blueprint the evolution of human society. Majority of people are equipped with GPS devices, such as smart phones and smart cars, which can trace their whereabouts. In this paper, we discover communities of device users based on real locations in a given time frame. We, then, study the associations of discovered communities, referred to as temporal communities, and generate temporal and probabilistic association rules. The rules describe how strong communities are associated. By studying the generated rules, we can automatically extract underlying hierarchies of communities and permanent communities such as work places. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=association%20rules" title="association rules">association rules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20detection" title=" community detection"> community detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evolution%20of%20communities" title=" evolution of communities"> evolution of communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatiotemporal" title=" spatiotemporal"> spatiotemporal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62840/spatiotemporal-community-detection-and-analysis-of-associations-among-overlapping-communities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62840.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1504</span> Transparency in Politics: Evaluation Rules and Principles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stylianos%20Galoukas">Stylianos Galoukas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> since the eve of human societies, the need for survival and covering even the most basic needs such as hunting for food, led to the realization of the need for regulation between the personal and common interest. This led to the establishment of initially unwritten and later on, written rules which then became the Law. Transparency as a word has been used for more than 2.500 years. Born in ancient Greece around the 5th BC century and although it was not originally correlated to political or public administration acts, its enclosed principles and rules, were given even then, great attention. In today’s times of fake news and meta-politics, transparency has greatly correlated with the fight against corruption especially in the financially related matters. It is believed however that transparency, being a much wider than corruption meaning, has an even greater role to play than the corruption counterpart. It can be further used to unveil or examine the genuineness of the will towards the public interest, behind every public policy or political act. Therefore, herein the timeless and fundamental principles of institutional and public administration transparency are made clear as well as their application rules that can and ought to be used as evaluation criteria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation%20citeria" title="evaluation citeria">evaluation citeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policies" title=" policies"> policies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=politics" title=" politics"> politics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principles" title=" principles"> principles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rules" title=" rules"> rules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transparency" title=" transparency"> transparency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83180/transparency-in-politics-evaluation-rules-and-principles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83180.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1503</span> Association Rules Mining Task Using Metaheuristics: Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abir%20Derouiche">Abir Derouiche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdesslem%20Layeb"> Abdesslem Layeb </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Association Rule Mining (ARM) is one of the most popular data mining tasks and it is widely used in various areas. The search for association rules is an NP-complete problem that is why metaheuristics have been widely used to solve it. The present paper presents the ARM as an optimization problem and surveys the proposed approaches in the literature based on metaheuristics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Optimization" title="Optimization">Optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Metaheuristics" title=" Metaheuristics"> Metaheuristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Data%20Mining" title=" Data Mining"> Data Mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Association%20rules%20Mining" title=" Association rules Mining"> Association rules Mining</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120254/association-rules-mining-task-using-metaheuristics-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120254.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1502</span> A Comprehensive Method of Fault Detection and Isolation based on Testability Modeling Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junyou%20Shi">Junyou Shi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weiwei%20Cui"> Weiwei Cui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Testability modeling is a commonly used method in testability design and analysis of system. A dependency matrix will be obtained from testability modeling, and we will give a quantitative evaluation about fault detection and isolation. Based on the dependency matrix, we can obtain the diagnosis tree. The tree provides the procedures of the fault detection and isolation. But the dependency matrix usually includes built-in test (BIT) and manual test in fact. BIT runs the test automatically and is not limited by the procedures. The method above cannot give a more efficient diagnosis and use the advantages of the BIT. A Comprehensive method of fault detection and isolation is proposed. This method combines the advantages of the BIT and Manual test by splitting the matrix. The result of the case study shows that the method is effective. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault%20detection" title="fault detection">fault detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault%20isolation" title=" fault isolation"> fault isolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testability%20modeling" title=" testability modeling"> testability modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BIT" title=" BIT"> BIT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27181/a-comprehensive-method-of-fault-detection-and-isolation-based-on-testability-modeling-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27181.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1501</span> Classification Rule Discovery by Using Parallel Ant Colony Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waseem%20Shahzad">Waseem Shahzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayesha%20Tahir%20Khan"> Ayesha Tahir Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Hussain%20Awan"> Hamid Hussain Awan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ant-Miner algorithm that lies under ACO algorithms is used to extract knowledge from data in the form of rules. A variant of Ant-Miner algorithm named as cAnt-MinerPB is used to generate list of rules using pittsburgh approach in order to maintain the rule interaction among the rules that are generated. In this paper, we propose a parallel Ant MinerPB in which Ant colony optimization algorithm runs parallel. In this technique, a data set is divided vertically (i-e attributes) into different subsets. These subsets are created based on the correlation among attributes using Mutual Information (MI). It generates rules in a parallel manner and then merged to form a final list of rules. The results have shown that the proposed technique achieved higher accuracy when compared with original cAnt-MinerPB and also the execution time has also reduced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ant%20colony%20optimization" title="ant colony optimization">ant colony optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parallel%20Ant-MinerPB" title=" parallel Ant-MinerPB"> parallel Ant-MinerPB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20partitioning" title=" vertical partitioning"> vertical partitioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification%20rule%20discovery" title=" classification rule discovery"> classification rule discovery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43773/classification-rule-discovery-by-using-parallel-ant-colony-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43773.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1500</span> Producing Outdoor Design Conditions based on the Dependency between Meteorological Elements: Copula Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhichao%20Jiao">Zhichao Jiao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Craig%20Farnham"> Craig Farnham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jihui%20Yuan"> Jihui Yuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazuo%20Emura"> Kazuo Emura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is common to use the outdoor design weather data to select the air-conditioning capacity in the building design stage. The outdoor design weather data are usually comprised of multiple meteorological elements for a 24-hour period separately, but the dependency between the elements is not well considered, which may cause an overestimation of selecting air-conditioning capacity. Considering the dependency between the air temperature and global solar radiation, we used the copula approach to model the joint distributions of those two weather elements and suggest a new method of selecting more credible outdoor design conditions based on the specific simultaneous occurrence probability of air temperature and global solar radiation. In this paper, the 10-year period hourly weather data from 2001 to 2010 in Osaka, Japan, was used to analyze the dependency structure and joint distribution, the result shows that the Joe-Frank copula fit for almost all hourly data. According to calculating the simultaneous occurrence probability and the common exceeding probability of air temperature and global solar radiation, the results have shown that the maximum difference in design air temperature and global solar radiation of the day is about 2 degrees Celsius and 30W/m2, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20conservation" title="energy conservation">energy conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20weather%20database" title=" design weather database"> design weather database</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HVAC" title=" HVAC"> HVAC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copula%20approach" title=" copula approach"> copula approach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145040/producing-outdoor-design-conditions-based-on-the-dependency-between-meteorological-elements-copula-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1499</span> The Parallelization of Algorithm Based on Partition Principle for Association Rules Discovery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadidja%20Belbachir">Khadidja Belbachir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafida%20Belbachir"> Hafida Belbachir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> subsequently the expansion of the physical supports storage and the needs ceaseless to accumulate several data, the sequential algorithms of associations’ rules research proved to be ineffective. Thus the introduction of the new parallel versions is imperative. We propose in this paper, a parallel version of a sequential algorithm “Partition”. This last is fundamentally different from the other sequential algorithms, because it scans the data base only twice to generate the significant association rules. By consequence, the parallel approach does not require much communication between the sites. The proposed approach was implemented for an experimental study. The obtained results, shows a great reduction in execution time compared to the sequential version and Count Distributed algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=association%20rules" title="association rules">association rules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20data%20mining" title=" distributed data mining"> distributed data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partition" title=" partition"> partition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parallel%20algorithms" title=" parallel algorithms"> parallel algorithms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34591/the-parallelization-of-algorithm-based-on-partition-principle-for-association-rules-discovery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34591.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1498</span> Power, Values, Rules and Leader Decision Making: A Discourse Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cathryn%20Robinson">Cathryn Robinson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernard%20McKenna"> Bernard McKenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Rooney"> David Rooney</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper argues that the application of values-based leadership increasingly challenges leaders in rules-based organisations, particularly in bureaucratic organisations such as the military, public service, police, and emergency services. Leaders are grappling to reconcile how to enact values-based leadership and decision-making when they are bound by rules, policies, and procedures. This interpretive study used a multi-faceted vignette (critical incident) as the basis of an interview with air force officers at three levels: executive, senior, and junior. In this way, practice is forced to intersect with discourse. The findings revealed a shared set of discourse themes (legal; rules; safety and risk; operational practice/theatre discourses), but also clear dialectical tensions. These tensions were evident in executive officers and senior leaders emphasizing rules and information themes, whereas junior officers emphasized decision making, collateral, and situation. These findings reveal discourse and practice incommensurability that could have grave implications in the conduct of war. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20incident" title="critical incident">critical incident</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discourse%20analysis" title=" discourse analysis"> discourse analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rules-based" title=" rules-based"> rules-based</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=values-based" title=" values-based"> values-based</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104145/power-values-rules-and-leader-decision-making-a-discourse-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104145.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1497</span> Lateral Heterogeneity of 1/Q in Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ufuk%20Ayd%C4%B1n">Ufuk Aydın</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Coda attenuation and frequency dependency of seismic wave are strongly dependent on the effective stresses structures within the upper crust. In this study, the data of three different stations were used to examine the lateral variation of stress. The tectonic structures of these three areas have been examined comparatively using lateral coda tomography. In the study using the single scatter method, the window length selected to be 20 second. Coda values 80 with 94 and frequency dependency values obtained between 0.69 and 1.21. The 1/QC values for the three regions ranged from 0.0012 to 0.017, highlighting the regional differences in the seismotectonic activity of the crust. The lowest absorption values obtained from Erzurum station when the highest absorption values obtained at the Kemaliye station. The low Qc and high frequency dependency values obtained Kemaliye, which indicates that it has highest tectonic activity than other two regions. The seismo-dynamics data obtained from the study found to be in agreement with the tectonic structure of the region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20coda%20attenuation" title="regional coda attenuation">regional coda attenuation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tectonic%20stress" title=" tectonic stress"> tectonic stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crustal%20deformation" title=" crustal deformation"> crustal deformation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89089/lateral-heterogeneity-of-1q-in-eastern-and-southeastern-anatolia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89089.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1496</span> Morphological Rules of Bangla Repetition Words for UNL Based Machine Translation </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nawab%20Yousuf%20Ali">Nawab Yousuf Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Golam"> S. Golam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ameer"> A. Ameer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashok%20Toru%20Roy"> Ashok Toru Roy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper develops new morphological rules suitable for Bangla repetition words to be incorporated into an inter lingua representation called Universal Networking Language (UNL). The proposed rules are to be used to combine verb roots and their inflexions to produce words which are then combined with other similar types of words to generate repetition words. This paper outlines the format of morphological rules for different types of repetition words that come from verb roots based on the framework of UNL provided by the UNL centre of the Universal Networking Digital Language (UNDL) foundation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Universal%20Networking%20Language%20%28UNL%29" title="Universal Networking Language (UNL)">Universal Networking Language (UNL)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=universal%20word%20%28UW%29" title=" universal word (UW)"> universal word (UW)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=head%20word%20%28HW%29" title=" head word (HW)"> head word (HW)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bangla-UNL%20Dictionary" title=" Bangla-UNL Dictionary"> Bangla-UNL Dictionary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphological%20rule" title=" morphological rule"> morphological rule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enconverter%20%28EnCo%29" title=" enconverter (EnCo)"> enconverter (EnCo)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18524/morphological-rules-of-bangla-repetition-words-for-unl-based-machine-translation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1495</span> BodeACD: Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities Detecting Based on Abstract Syntax Tree, Control Flow Graph, and Data Dependency Graph</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinghang%20Lv">Xinghang Lv</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Peng"> Tao Peng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jia%20Chen"> Jia Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junping%20Liu"> Junping Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinrong%20Hu"> Xinrong Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruhan%20He"> Ruhan He</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minghua%20Jiang"> Minghua Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenli%20Cao"> Wenli Cao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As one of the most dangerous vulnerabilities, effective detection of buffer overflow vulnerabilities is extremely necessary. Traditional detection methods are not accurate enough and consume more resources to meet complex and enormous code environment at present. In order to resolve the above problems, we propose the method for Buffer overflow detection based on Abstract syntax tree, Control flow graph, and Data dependency graph (BodeACD) in C/C++ programs with source code. Firstly, BodeACD constructs the function samples of buffer overflow that are available on Github, then represents them as code representation sequences, which fuse control flow, data dependency, and syntax structure of source code to reduce information loss during code representation. Finally, BodeACD learns vulnerability patterns for vulnerability detection through deep learning. The results of the experiments show that BodeACD has increased the precision and recall by 6.3% and 8.5% respectively compared with the latest methods, which can effectively improve vulnerability detection and reduce False-positive rate and False-negative rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vulnerability%20detection" title="vulnerability detection">vulnerability detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abstract%20syntax%20tree" title=" abstract syntax tree"> abstract syntax tree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20flow%20graph" title=" control flow graph"> control flow graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20dependency%20graph" title=" data dependency graph"> data dependency graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code%20representation" title=" code representation"> code representation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148239/bodeacd-buffer-overflow-vulnerabilities-detecting-based-on-abstract-syntax-tree-control-flow-graph-and-data-dependency-graph" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1494</span> Definition of a Computing Independent Model and Rules for Transformation Focused on the Model-View-Controller Architecture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vanessa%20Matias%20Leite">Vanessa Matias Leite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jandira%20Guenka%20Palma"> Jandira Guenka Palma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fl%C3%A1vio%20Henrique%20de%20Oliveira"> Flávio Henrique de Oliveira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a model-oriented development approach to software development in the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architectural standard. This approach aims to expose a process of extractions of information from the models, in which through rules and syntax defined in this work, assists in the design of the initial model and its future conversions. The proposed paper presents a syntax based on the natural language, according to the rules agreed in the classic grammar of the Portuguese language, added to the rules of conversions generating models that follow the norms of the Object Management Group (OMG) and the Meta-Object Facility MOF. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BNF%20Syntax" title="BNF Syntax">BNF Syntax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model%20driven%20architecture" title=" model driven architecture"> model driven architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model-view-controller" title=" model-view-controller"> model-view-controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformation" title=" transformation"> transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UML" title=" UML"> UML</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65752/definition-of-a-computing-independent-model-and-rules-for-transformation-focused-on-the-model-view-controller-architecture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1493</span> Thermoelastic Analysis of a Tube Subjected to Internal Heating with Temperature Dependent Material Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasemin%20Kaya">Yasemin Kaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20N.%20Eraslan"> Ahmet N. Eraslan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the thermoelastic behavior of a long tube is studied by taking into account the temperature dependency of all mechanical and thermal properties. As the tube is heated slowly, an uncoupled solution procedure is adopted under free and radially constrained boundary conditions. The nonlinear heat conduction equation is solved by a finite element collocation procedure and the corresponding distributions of stress and strain are computed by shooting iterations. The computational model is verified in comparison to the analytical solution by shutting down the temperature dependency of physical properties. In the analysis, experimental data available in the literature is used to describe the coefficient of thermal expansion $\alpha$, the thermal conductivity $k$, the modulus of rigidity $G$, the yield strength $\sigma_{0}$, and the Poisson's ratio $\nu$ of Nickel. Results of the analysis are presented in comparison to those having constant physical properties. As a result of the calculations, the temperature dependency of the material properties should be taken into account at higher temperature ranges. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoelasticity" title="thermoelasticity">thermoelasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long%20tube" title=" long tube"> long tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature-dependent%20properties" title=" temperature-dependent properties"> temperature-dependent properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20heating" title=" internal heating"> internal heating</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22226/thermoelastic-analysis-of-a-tube-subjected-to-internal-heating-with-temperature-dependent-material-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22226.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">613</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1492</span> Key Frame Based Video Summarization via Dependency Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Janya%20Sainui">Janya Sainui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a rapid growth of digital videos and data communications, video summarization that provides a shorter version of the video for fast video browsing and retrieval is necessary. Key frame extraction is one of the mechanisms to generate video summary. In general, the extracted key frames should both represent the entire video content and contain minimum redundancy. However, most of the existing approaches heuristically select key frames; hence, the selected key frames may not be the most different frames and/or not cover the entire content of a video. In this paper, we propose a method of video summarization which provides the reasonable objective functions for selecting key frames. In particular, we apply a statistical dependency measure called quadratic mutual informaion as our objective functions for maximizing the coverage of the entire video content as well as minimizing the redundancy among selected key frames. The proposed key frame extraction algorithm finds key frames as an optimization problem. Through experiments, we demonstrate the success of the proposed video summarization approach that produces video summary with better coverage of the entire video content while less redundancy among key frames comparing to the state-of-the-art approaches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=video%20summarization" title="video summarization">video summarization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=key%20frame%20extraction" title=" key frame extraction"> key frame extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dependency%20measure" title=" dependency measure"> dependency measure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quadratic%20mutual%20information" title=" quadratic mutual information"> quadratic mutual information</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75218/key-frame-based-video-summarization-via-dependency-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75218.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">266</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1491</span> Scaling-Down an Agricultural Waste Biogas Plant Fermenter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matheus%20%20Pessoa">Matheus Pessoa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthias%20Kraume"> Matthias Kraume</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Scale-Down rules in process engineering help us to improve and develop Industrial scale parameters into lab scale. Several scale-down rules available in the literature like Impeller Power Number, Agitation device Power Input, Substrate Tip Speed, Reynolds Number and Cavern Development were investigated in order to stipulate the rotational speed to operate an 11 L working volume lab-scale bioreactor within industrial process parameters. Herein, xanthan gum was used as a fluid with a representative viscosity of a hypothetical biogas plant, with H/D = 1 and central agitation, fermentation broth using sewage sludge and sugar beet pulp as substrate. The results showed that the cavern development strategy was the best method for establishing a rotational speed for the bioreactor operation, while the other rules presented values out of reality for this article proposes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%20digestion" title="anaerobic digestion">anaerobic digestion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cavern%20development" title=" cavern development"> cavern development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scale%20down%20rules" title=" scale down rules"> scale down rules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=xanthan%20gum" title=" xanthan gum"> xanthan gum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66465/scaling-down-an-agricultural-waste-biogas-plant-fermenter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66465.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">493</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1490</span> An Criterion to Minimize FE Mesh-Dependency in Concrete Plate Subjected to Impact Loading</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwak">Kwak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyo-Gyung"> Hyo-Gyung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gang"> Gang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Han%20Gul"> Han Gul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the context of an increasing need for reliability and safety in concrete structures under blast and impact loading condition, the behavior of concrete under high strain rate condition has been an important issue. Since concrete subjected to impact loading associated with high strain rate shows quite different material behavior from that in the static state, several material models are proposed and used to describe the high strain rate behavior under blast and impact loading. In the process of modelling, in advance, mesh dependency in the used finite element (FE) is the key problem because simulation results under high strain-rate condition are quite sensitive to applied FE mesh size. It means that the accuracy of simulation results may deeply be dependent on FE mesh size in simulations. This paper introduces an improved criterion which can minimize the mesh-dependency of simulation results on the basis of the fracture energy concept, and HJC (Holmquist Johnson Cook), CSC (Continuous Surface Cap) and K&C (Karagozian & Case) models are examined to trace their relative sensitivity to the used FE mesh size. To coincide with the purpose of the penetration test with a concrete plate under a projectile (bullet), the residual velocities of projectile after penetration are compared. The correlation studies between analytical results and the parametric studies associated with them show that the variation of residual velocity with the used FE mesh size is quite reduced by applying a unique failure strain value determined according to the proposed criterion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20strain%20rate%20concrete" title="high strain rate concrete">high strain rate concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=penetration%20simulation" title=" penetration simulation"> penetration simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=failure%20strain" title=" failure strain"> failure strain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesh-dependency" title=" mesh-dependency"> mesh-dependency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fracture%20energy" title=" fracture energy"> fracture energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18943/an-criterion-to-minimize-fe-mesh-dependency-in-concrete-plate-subjected-to-impact-loading" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">520</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1489</span> An Approach for Association Rules Ranking</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rihab%20Idoudi">Rihab Idoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Saheb%20Ettabaa"> Karim Saheb Ettabaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basel%20Solaiman"> Basel Solaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamel%20Hamrouni"> Kamel Hamrouni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Medical association rules induction is used to discover useful correlations between pertinent concepts from large medical databases. Nevertheless, ARs algorithms produce huge amount of delivered rules and do not guarantee the usefulness and interestingness of the generated knowledge. To overcome this drawback, we propose an ontology based interestingness measure for ARs ranking. According to domain expert, the goal of the use of ARs is to discover implicit relationships between items of different categories such as ‘clinical features and disorders’, ‘clinical features and radiological observations’, etc. That’s to say, the itemsets which are composed of ‘similar’ items are uninteresting. Therefore, the dissimilarity between the rule’s items can be used to judge the interestingness of association rules; the more different are the items, the more interesting the rule is. In this paper, we design a distinct approach for ranking semantically interesting association rules involving the use of an ontology knowledge mining approach. The basic idea is to organize the ontology’s concepts into a hierarchical structure of conceptual clusters of targeted subjects, where each cluster encapsulates ‘similar’ concepts suggesting a specific category of the domain knowledge. The interestingness of association rules is, then, defined as the dissimilarity between corresponding clusters. That is to say, the further are the clusters of the items in the AR, the more interesting the rule is. We apply the method in our domain of interest – mammographic domain- using an existing mammographic ontology called Mammo with the goal of deriving interesting rules from past experiences, to discover implicit relationships between concepts modeling the domain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=association%20rule" title="association rule">association rule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conceptual%20clusters" title=" conceptual clusters"> conceptual clusters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interestingness%20measures" title=" interestingness measures"> interestingness measures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ontology%20knowledge%20mining" title=" ontology knowledge mining"> ontology knowledge mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ranking" title=" ranking"> ranking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47971/an-approach-for-association-rules-ranking" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47971.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1488</span> Tourism Potential of Kyrgyzstan and Contribution of Ethics to It's Tourism Growth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halil%20Koch">Halil Koch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article, besides the current tourism potential of Kyrgyzstan, the factors that may affect the tourism potential of Kyrgyzstan were discussed. Kyrgyzstan is a unique country that can offer quite different alternatives for tourism with its unique nature, lakes, mountains, history, and rich culture. Despite having so many alternatives, today, Kyrgyzstan cannot use this unique wealth as it should. This article tried to deal with matters that can increase the tourism potential of Kyrgyzstan. In addition, the contribution of ethical rules to the tourism potential of Kyrgyzstan was discussed. A detailed literature review was carried out on the tourism industry and tourism potential of Kyrgyzstan. After the literature review, a survey was conducted with the businesses and employees of touristic businesses in the Issyk Kul region of Kyrgyzstan in order to determine the factors that might improve the tourism potential and the effect of ethical rules on the tourism of Kyrgyzstan. 100 people participated in the survey. According to the results of the survey, the participants of the survey think that the culture, touristic richness, and unique nature of Kyrgyzstan are not promoted effectively. Participants think that Kyrgyzstan's tourism capacity will increase with the effective implementation of ethical rules as well as the effective promotion of Kyrgyzstan's cultural and natural wealth. According to the results of the survey, participants think that the tourism sector in Kyrgyzstan will develop rapidly if the ethical rules are followed as much as possible from the first moment that the tourists who come to the country set foot in the country. Participants predict that ethical rules have a tremendous impact on Kyrgyzstan tourism. It has been revealed that there is no systematic approach to ethical rules. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title="tourism">tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethics" title=" ethics"> ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economy" title=" economy"> economy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152649/tourism-potential-of-kyrgyzstan-and-contribution-of-ethics-to-its-tourism-growth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152649.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item 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