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administration subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Origins_and_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Toponymy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Toponymy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Toponymy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Toponymy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administration:_Parish_and_Ward" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration:_Parish_and_Ward"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Administration: Parish and Ward</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administration:_Parish_and_Ward-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Many_Civil_Parishes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Many_Civil_Parishes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> 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</button> <ul id="toc-Latter_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Urban_growth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urban_growth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Urban growth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urban_growth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medieval" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medieval"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Medieval</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medieval-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tudor_and_Stuart_periods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tudor_and_Stuart_periods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Tudor and Stuart periods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tudor_and_Stuart_periods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_profession" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_profession"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Legal profession</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legal_profession-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historic_points_of_interest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historic_points_of_interest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Historic points of interest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historic_points_of_interest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nearby_areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nearby_areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Nearby areas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nearby_areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Representation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Representation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Representation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Representation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 31 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Holborn" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86" title="هولبورن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هولبورن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86" title="هوبرن – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هوبرن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD" title="Холбарн – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Холбарн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BD" title="Холбърн – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Холбърн" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Holborn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Holborn" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Holborn" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Holborn" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86" title="هوبرن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هوبرن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Holborn" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Holborn" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Holborn" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B6_(%D6%83%D5%B8%D5%B2%D5%B8%D6%81)" title="Հոլբորն (փողոց) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հոլբորն (փողոց)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8" title="हॉलबोर्न – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हॉलबोर्न" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Holborn" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Holborn" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9F" title="הוברן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הוברן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holburnia" title="Holburnia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Holburnia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn_(wijk)" title="Holborn (wijk) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Holborn (wijk)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9B%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9C%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3" title="ホルボーン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ホルボーン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Holborn" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Holborn" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD" title="Холборн – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Холборн" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Holborn" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Holborn" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Holborn" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86" title="ہوبورن – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہوبورن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Holborn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E9%82%A6" title="荷邦 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="荷邦" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E6%9C%AC" title="霍本 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="霍本" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q123624#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit 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free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Holborn_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Holborn (disambiguation)">Holborn (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Human settlement in England</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1165525471">.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-label{width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-above{font-size:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place-other-names{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place td,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}</style><table class="infobox ib-uk-place vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org nowrap">Holborn</th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Staple_Inn,_London,_UK_-_20050821.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Staple_Inn%2C_London%2C_UK_-_20050821.jpg/250px-Staple_Inn%2C_London%2C_UK_-_20050821.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Staple_Inn%2C_London%2C_UK_-_20050821.jpg/500px-Staple_Inn%2C_London%2C_UK_-_20050821.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span><div><a href="/wiki/Staple_Inn" title="Staple Inn">Staple Inn</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Chancery_Lane_tube_station" title="Chancery Lane tube station">Chancery Lane tube station</a>, the last of the <a href="/wiki/Inns_of_Chancery" title="Inns of Chancery">Inns of Chancery</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Holborn is located in Greater London"><img alt="Holborn is located in Greater London" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg/240px-Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg/360px-Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg/480px-Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="1140" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:42.468%;left:48.553%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Holborn"><img alt="Holborn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Holborn</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within <a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">13,023 (2011 Census. Holborn and Covent Garden Ward)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey_National_Grid" title="Ordnance Survey National Grid">OS grid reference</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bing.com/maps/?mkt=en-gb&v=2&cp=51.519926~-0.113286&lvl=13&sp=Point.51.519926_-0.113286_Holborn&sty=s&style=s">TQ310818</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_England" title="Districts of England">London borough</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Camden" title="London Borough of Camden">Camden</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_England" title="Regions of England">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">London</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="country-name"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Post_town" title="Post town">Post town</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/London_postal_district" title="London postal district">LONDON</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Postcodes in the United Kingdom">Postcode district</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/WC_postcode_area" title="WC postcode area">WC1, WC2</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postcode district</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/EC_postcode_area" title="EC postcode area">EC1</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom">Dialling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/020" title="020">020</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Police</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police" title="Metropolitan Police">Metropolitan</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Fire_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Fire services in the United Kingdom">Fire</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/London_Fire_Brigade" title="London Fire Brigade">London</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom">Ambulance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/London_Ambulance_Service" title="London Ambulance Service">London</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Constituencies_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom">UK Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holborn_and_St_Pancras_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Holborn and St Pancras (UK Parliament constituency)">Holborn and St Pancras</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_London_and_Westminster_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Cities of London and Westminster (UK Parliament constituency)">Cities of London and Westminster</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_London_Assembly_constituencies" title="List of London Assembly constituencies">London Assembly</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barnet_and_Camden_(London_Assembly_constituency)" title="Barnet and Camden (London Assembly constituency)">Barnet and Camden</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/City_and_East_(London_Assembly_constituency)" title="City and East (London Assembly constituency)">City and East</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">List of places</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_locations" title="List of United Kingdom locations">UK</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_England" title="List of places in England">England</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_London" title="List of places in London">London</a></dd></dl></div> <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Holborn&params=51.5204_N_0.1136_W_region:GB_type:city(13023)"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°31′13″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°06′49″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.5204°N 0.1136°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.5204; -0.1136</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Holborn</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ər/: 'er' in 'letter'">ər</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/2\/2c\/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-Holborn.wav\/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-Holborn.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-Holborn.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-Holborn.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-Holborn.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-Holborn.wav" title="File:LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-Holborn.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">HOH</span>-bərn</i></a> or <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ər/: 'er' in 'letter'">ər</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_anone"><a href="#endnote_anone">[a]</a></sup>), an area in <a href="/wiki/Central_London" title="Central London">central London</a>, covers the south-eastern part of the <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Camden" title="London Borough of Camden">London Borough of Camden</a> and a part (<a href="/wiki/St_Andrew_Holborn_(parish)" title="St Andrew Holborn (parish)">St Andrew Holborn Below the Bars</a>) of the <a href="/wiki/Wards_of_the_City_of_London" title="Wards of the City of London">Ward</a> of <a href="/wiki/Farringdon_Without" title="Farringdon Without">Farringdon Without</a> in the <a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City of London</a>. </p><p>The area has its roots in the <a href="/wiki/Civil_parish#Ancient_parishes" title="Civil parish">ancient parish</a> of Holborn, which lay on the west bank of the now buried <a href="/wiki/River_Fleet" title="River Fleet">River Fleet</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-british-history.ac.uk_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-british-history.ac.uk-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the district takes its name from an alternative name for the river: the Holbourne (or Oldbourne). The area is sometimes described as part of the <a href="/wiki/West_End_of_London" title="West End of London">West End of London</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or of the wider <a href="/wiki/West_London" title="West London">West London</a> area. </p><p>The River Fleet also gave its name to the streets <i>Holborn</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/High_Holborn" title="High Holborn">High Holborn</a></i> which extend west from the site of the former <a href="/wiki/Newgate" title="Newgate">Newgate</a> in the <a href="/wiki/London_Wall" title="London Wall">London Wall</a>, over the Fleet, through Holborn and towards <a href="/wiki/Westminster" title="Westminster">Westminster</a>. </p><p>The district benefits from a central location which helps provide a strong mixed economy. The area is particularly noted for its links to the legal profession, for the diamond centre at <a href="/wiki/Hatton_Garden" title="Hatton Garden">Hatton Garden</a> and for <a href="/wiki/Great_Ormond_Street_Hospital" title="Great Ormond Street Hospital">Great Ormond Street Hospital</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins_and_administration">Origins and administration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins and administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Holborn emerged from the <a href="/wiki/Civil_parish#Ancient_parishes" title="Civil parish">ancient parish</a> of St Andrew Holborn and its later sub-divisions. The <a href="/wiki/St_Andrew,_Holborn" class="mw-redirect" title="St Andrew, Holborn">parish church</a> is first mentioned, and described as <i>old</i>, in a charter of 959, but this is before the parish or the landholdings on which it was based took on anything like their settled form.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Toponymy">Toponymy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Toponymy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Street_names_of_Holborn" title="Street names of Holborn">Street names of Holborn</a></div> <p>The earliest surviving written record of the area occurs in a charter of AD 959, in which <a href="/wiki/Edgar_the_Peaceful" class="mw-redirect" title="Edgar the Peaceful">King Edgar the Peaceful</a> granted <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a> an area of land (much larger than the later parish of Holborn) stretching from the Abbey, on <a href="/wiki/Thorney_Island_(Westminster)" title="Thorney Island (Westminster)">Thorney Island</a>, to the <a href="/wiki/River_Fleet" title="River Fleet">River Fleet</a>. The charter mentions "the old wooden church of St Andrew" (<a href="/wiki/St_Andrew,_Holborn" class="mw-redirect" title="St Andrew, Holborn">St Andrew, Holborn</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-lethaby_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lethaby-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name Holborn is used in the charter, but it refers to the River Fleet rather than the district. </p><p>The name "Holborn" may derive from the <a href="/wiki/Middle_English" title="Middle English">Middle English</a> <i>hol</i> for "hollow", and <i>bourne</i>, a "brook", referring to the <a href="/wiki/River_Fleet" title="River Fleet">River Fleet</a> as it ran through a steep valley (hollow) in places.<sup id="cite_ref-lethaby_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lethaby-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-besant_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-besant-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, the 16th-century historian <a href="/wiki/John_Stow" title="John Stow">John Stow</a> attributes the name to a different watercourse: the <i>Old Bourne</i> ("old brook"), a small stream which he believed ran into the Fleet at Holborn Bridge. This structure was lost when the river was <a href="/wiki/Culvert" title="Culvert">culverted</a> in 1732. The exact course of the stream is uncertain, but according to Stow it started in one of the many small springs near Holborn Bar, the old <a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City</a> toll gate on the summit of Holborn Hill.<sup id="cite_ref-besant_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-besant-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other historians, however, find the theory implausible, in view of the slope of the land.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administration:_Parish_and_Ward">Administration: Parish and Ward</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Administration: Parish and Ward"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/St_Andrew_Holborn_(parish)" title="St Andrew Holborn (parish)">Parish of St Andrew, Holborn</a>, was divided by a civil boundary, with part within the Farringdon Without ward of the City of London (later known as <i>St Andrew Holborn Below the Bars</i>) – which includes the parish church and the part within the <a href="/wiki/Ossulstone_Hundred" class="mw-redirect" title="Ossulstone Hundred">Ossulstone Hundred</a> of Middlesex (later known as <i>St Andrew Above the Bars</i>). It is not known when the parish of Holborn took on its settled form, but it is likely to have been by the time of the introduction of Canon Law around 1180,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with records from the time the <a href="/wiki/St_Giles_in_the_Fields" title="St Giles in the Fields">hospital of St Giles</a> was established in 1120 indicating that the parish extended further west at that time, presumably to encompass what would become the combined parish of <a href="/wiki/St_Giles,_London" title="St Giles, London">St Giles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury" title="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</a>. </p><p>A charter of around 1000 shows the boundaries of the city being pushed west to their settled historic extent in around 1000, though this extramural area would have been very sparsely settled. The city's wards take shape in the 11th century, before the Norman Conquest.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The civil division of the parish is very ancient and predates the establishment of the parish in its settled form. In 1394 the <a href="/wiki/Ward_(country_subdivision)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ward (country subdivision)">Ward</a> of Farringdon was subdivided into <a href="/wiki/Farringdon_Within" title="Farringdon Within">Farringdon Within</a> and <a href="/wiki/Farringdon_Without" title="Farringdon Without">Farringdon Without</a>, with south-east Holborn part of the latter. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/City_of_London#Boundary_of_the_City" title="City of London">City Bars</a> mark the boundary of the City of London within Holborn. In 1994 the City boundary shifted slightly to the junction of Chancery Lane and the Bars were moved accordingly. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Many_Civil_Parishes">Many Civil Parishes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Many Civil Parishes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Passage_North_side_of_Holborn,_1897_by_Philip_Norman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Passage_North_side_of_Holborn%2C_1897_by_Philip_Norman.jpg/220px-Passage_North_side_of_Holborn%2C_1897_by_Philip_Norman.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="380" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Passage_North_side_of_Holborn%2C_1897_by_Philip_Norman.jpg/330px-Passage_North_side_of_Holborn%2C_1897_by_Philip_Norman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Passage_North_side_of_Holborn%2C_1897_by_Philip_Norman.jpg/440px-Passage_North_side_of_Holborn%2C_1897_by_Philip_Norman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="593" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Passage North side of Holborn, 1897 by <a href="/wiki/Philip_Norman_(artist)" title="Philip Norman (artist)">Philip Norman</a></figcaption></figure> <p>It has been described how the two parts of the parish came under separate civil governance (though without any civil governance at parish level) according to whether the part was in the city or outside. From the Tudor period onwards new local government were introduced in England, and parish areas were obliged to take on civil as well as ecclesiastical responsibilities for the first time, this started with <a href="/wiki/Act_for_the_Relief_of_the_Poor_1597" class="mw-redirect" title="Act for the Relief of the Poor 1597">relief of the poor</a>. </p><p>The two parts became, for civil but not ecclesiastical purposes, two separate parishes known as <i>St Andrew Holborn Below the Bars</i> and <i>St Andrew Holborn Above the Bars</i>, the <i>Bars</i> being the City boundary markers. The area "above Bars" (outside the city's jurisdiction) was organised by the <a href="/wiki/Vestry" title="Vestry">vestry</a> board of the parish of <a href="/wiki/St_Andrew_Holborn" class="mw-redirect" title="St Andrew Holborn">St Andrew</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:City_of_London_civil_parishes_Map_1870.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/City_of_London_civil_parishes_Map_1870.png/250px-City_of_London_civil_parishes_Map_1870.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/City_of_London_civil_parishes_Map_1870.png/330px-City_of_London_civil_parishes_Map_1870.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/City_of_London_civil_parishes_Map_1870.png/500px-City_of_London_civil_parishes_Map_1870.png 2x" data-file-width="7704" data-file-height="4688" /></a><figcaption>St Andrew Holborn, Below the Bars, in the west of the City of London</figcaption></figure> <p>As well as Holborn's two main civil parishes, there were a number of extra-parochial areas, parts of the ecclesiastical parish of Holborn but formed their own (usually tiny) civil parish areas: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_of_Saffron_Hill,_Hatton_Garden,_Ely_Rents_and_Ely_Place" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberty of Saffron Hill, Hatton Garden, Ely Rents and Ely Place">Liberty of Saffron Hill, Hatton Garden, Ely Rents and Ely Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln%27s_Inn" title="Lincoln's Inn">Lincoln's Inn</a> (excluding Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the combined parish of <i>St Giles and Bloomsbury</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thavie%27s_Inn" title="Thavie's Inn">Thavie's Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnard%27s_Inn" title="Barnard's Inn">Barnard's Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furnival%27s_Inn" title="Furnival's Inn">Furnival's Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gray%27s_Inn" title="Gray's Inn">Gray's Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staple_Inn" title="Staple Inn">Staple Inn</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Response_to_urbanisation">Response to urbanisation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Response to urbanisation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The St George the Martyr Queen Square area became a separate parish, for both civil and ecclesiastical matters, in 1723; but for civil matters was reunited with the part of St Andrew outside the city (<i>Above the Bars</i>) of London in 1767, to form <a href="/wiki/St_Andrew_Holborn_Above_the_Bars_with_St_George_the_Martyr" title="St Andrew Holborn Above the Bars with St George the Martyr">St Andrew Holborn Above the Bars with St George the Martyr</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Holborn_District_(Metropolis)" title="Holborn District (Metropolis)">Holborn District</a> was created in 1855, consisting of the civil parishes and extra-parochial places of Holborn outside the city; St Andrew Holborn Above the Bars with St George the Martyr, <a href="/wiki/Saffron_Hill,_Hatton_Garden,_Ely_Rents_and_Ely_Place" title="Saffron Hill, Hatton Garden, Ely Rents and Ely Place">Saffron Hill, Hatton Garden, Ely Rents and Ely Place</a>, as well as two tiny units that were added from the <a href="/wiki/Finsbury_division" title="Finsbury division">Finsbury Division</a>: <a href="/wiki/Glasshouse_Yard" title="Glasshouse Yard">Glasshouse Yard</a> and <a href="/wiki/St_Sepulchre_(parish)" title="St Sepulchre (parish)">St Sepulchre, Middlesex</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Giles_%26_Holborn_Civil_Parish_Map_1870.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/St_Giles_%26_Holborn_Civil_Parish_Map_1870.png/220px-St_Giles_%26_Holborn_Civil_Parish_Map_1870.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/St_Giles_%26_Holborn_Civil_Parish_Map_1870.png/330px-St_Giles_%26_Holborn_Civil_Parish_Map_1870.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/St_Giles_%26_Holborn_Civil_Parish_Map_1870.png/440px-St_Giles_%26_Holborn_Civil_Parish_Map_1870.png 2x" data-file-width="7566" data-file-height="4593" /></a><figcaption>The Holborn District (in green, but excluding St Sepulchre Middlesex and Glasshouse Yard which had been attached to it) merged with the combined parishes of St Giles and Bloomsbury (in red), in 1900, to form the Metropolitan Borough of Holborn.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Holborn_Met._B_Ward_Map_1952.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Holborn_Met._B_Ward_Map_1952.svg/220px-Holborn_Met._B_Ward_Map_1952.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Holborn_Met._B_Ward_Map_1952.svg/330px-Holborn_Met._B_Ward_Map_1952.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Holborn_Met._B_Ward_Map_1952.svg/440px-Holborn_Met._B_Ward_Map_1952.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="921" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption>The parts of Holborn outside the City formed the eastern part of the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Holborn" title="Metropolitan Borough of Holborn">Metropolitan Borough of Holborn</a>. The former combined parish of <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury" title="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</a> and <a href="/wiki/St_Giles,_London" title="St Giles, London">St Giles</a> (including most of the Lincoln's Inn Ward).</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Holborn" title="Metropolitan Borough of Holborn">Metropolitan Borough of Holborn</a> was created in 1900, consisting of the former area of the Holborn District and the <a href="/wiki/St_Giles_District_(Metropolis)" title="St Giles District (Metropolis)">St Giles District</a>, but the small units previously part of the <a href="/wiki/Finsbury_division" title="Finsbury division">Finsbury Division</a> were instead included in the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Finsbury" title="Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury">Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury</a>. The Metropolitan Borough of Holborn was abolished in 1965 and its area now forms part of the <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Camden" title="London Borough of Camden">London Borough of Camden</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Latter_history">Latter history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Latter history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Urban_growth">Urban growth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Urban growth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The westward growth of London beyond the <a href="/wiki/London_Wall" title="London Wall">City Wall</a>, and towards the seat of government in <a href="/wiki/Westminster" title="Westminster">Westminster</a>, took place along the banks of the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a> and along the roads leading from <a href="/wiki/Ludgate" title="Ludgate">Ludgate</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fleet_Street" title="Fleet Street">Fleet Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/Strand,_London" title="Strand, London">The Strand</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Newgate" title="Newgate">Newgate</a> (<i>Holborn</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/High_Holborn" title="High Holborn">High Holborn</a></i>). This growth, initially limited to <a href="/wiki/Farringdon_Without" title="Farringdon Without">Farringdon Without</a> (which includes a part of Holborn) was well underway in the 12th century, leading to the Ward being retrospectively described as the capital's original <a href="/wiki/West_End_of_London" title="West End of London">West End</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 12th century St Andrew's was noted in local title deeds as lying on "Holburnestrate"—Holborn Street,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but as the street leads from Roman <a href="/wiki/Newgate" title="Newgate">Newgate</a>, and the church was sited on it by the 10th century, it is probably considerably older. In 1394 the population had grown so large that the Ward of Farringdon had grown too large for effective governance and was formally divided into the separate Wards, (rather than separate named areas within the same Ward) in 1394. </p><p>The westward growth towards Westminster accelerated in the Tudor period. The westerly ribbon development through the parish was complete before the <a href="/wiki/Great_Fire_of_London" title="Great Fire of London">Great Fire</a> of 1666, with the displacement of people accelerating the development of the rest of the area. The northern fringe the last area to be developed, with this process finalised in the 18th century.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medieval">Medieval</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Medieval"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/St_Etheldreda%27s_Church,_London" title="St Etheldreda's Church, London">St Etheldreda's Church</a>, in gated <a href="/wiki/Ely_Place" title="Ely Place">Ely Place</a>, was originally the chapel of the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Ely" title="Bishop of Ely">Bishop of Ely</a>'s London palace. This ecclesiastical connection allowed the street to remain part of the county of <a href="/wiki/Cambridgeshire" title="Cambridgeshire">Cambridgeshire</a> until the mid-1930s. This meant that <a href="/wiki/Ye_Olde_Mitre" title="Ye Olde Mitre">Ye Olde Mitre</a>, a pub located in a court hidden behind the buildings of the Place and the Garden, was licensed by the Cambridgeshire Magistrates.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>St Etheldreda's is the oldest Roman Catholic church in Britain, and one of two extant buildings in London dating back to the era of <a href="/wiki/Edward_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward I">Edward<span class="nowrap"> </span>I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-St_Etheldreda’s_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-St_Etheldreda’s-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-KettlerTrimble2001_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KettlerTrimble2001-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Davies1988_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davies1988-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tudor_and_Stuart_periods">Tudor and Stuart periods</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Tudor and Stuart periods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Henry_V_of_England" title="Henry V of England">Henry VII</a> paid for the road to be paved in 1494 because the thoroughfare "was so deep and miry that many perils and hazards were thereby occasioned, as well to the king's carriages passing that way, as to those of his subjects". Criminals from the <a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower</a> and <a href="/wiki/Newgate_Prison" title="Newgate Prison">Newgate</a> passed up Holborn on their way to be hanged at <a href="/wiki/Tyburn" title="Tyburn">Tyburn</a> or <a href="/wiki/St_Giles_Circus" title="St Giles Circus">St Giles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hatton_Garden" title="Hatton Garden">Hatton Garden</a>, the centre of the diamond trade, was leased to a favourite of Queen <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I" title="Elizabeth I">Elizabeth I</a>, Sir Christopher Hatton, at the insistence of the Queen to provide him with an income. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Fire_of_London_Map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Great_Fire_of_London_Map.png/220px-Great_Fire_of_London_Map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Great_Fire_of_London_Map.png/330px-Great_Fire_of_London_Map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Great_Fire_of_London_Map.png/440px-Great_Fire_of_London_Map.png 2x" data-file-width="2550" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>The Great Fire died as it reached Holborn's boundary.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roque_1746_London_c1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Roque_1746_London_c1.jpg/250px-Roque_1746_London_c1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Roque_1746_London_c1.jpg/330px-Roque_1746_London_c1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Roque_1746_London_c1.jpg/500px-Roque_1746_London_c1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1570" data-file-height="2130" /></a><figcaption>Rocque map of 1746. Holborn is developed, but the built-up area stopped at <a href="/wiki/River_Fleet#Lamb's_Conduit" title="River Fleet">the brook which formed the parish boundary with St Pancras</a> (modern King's Cross) to the north.</figcaption></figure> <p>The area was not damaged by the <a href="/wiki/Great_Fire_of_London" title="Great Fire of London">Great Fire of London</a> in 1666, though the area of destruction reached its south-eastern boundary. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legal_profession">Legal profession</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Legal profession"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a> took up residence in <a href="/wiki/Furnival%27s_Inn" title="Furnival's Inn">Furnival's Inn</a> (later the site of "<a href="/wiki/Holborn_Bars" title="Holborn Bars">Holborn Bars</a>", the former <a href="/wiki/Prudential_plc" title="Prudential plc">Prudential</a> building designed by <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Waterhouse" title="Alfred Waterhouse">Alfred Waterhouse</a>). Dickens put his character "Pip", in <i><a href="/wiki/Great_Expectations" title="Great Expectations">Great Expectations</a></i>, in residence at <a href="/wiki/Barnard%27s_Inn" title="Barnard's Inn">Barnard's Inn</a> opposite, now occupied by <a href="/wiki/Gresham_College" title="Gresham College">Gresham College</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Staple_Inn" title="Staple Inn">Staple Inn</a>, notable as the promotional image for <a href="/wiki/Old_Holborn" title="Old Holborn">Old Holborn</a> tobacco,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is nearby. The three of these were <a href="/wiki/Inns_of_Chancery" title="Inns of Chancery">Inns of Chancery</a>. The most northerly of the <a href="/wiki/Inns_of_Court" title="Inns of Court">Inns of Court</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gray%27s_Inn" title="Gray's Inn">Gray's Inn</a>, is off Holborn, as is <a href="/wiki/Lincoln%27s_Inn" title="Lincoln's Inn">Lincoln's Inn</a>: the area has been associated with the legal professions since mediaeval times, and the name of the local militia (now <a href="/wiki/Territorial_Army_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Army (United Kingdom)">Territorial Army</a> unit, the <a href="/wiki/Inns_of_Court_%26_City_Yeomanry" title="Inns of Court & City Yeomanry">Inns of Court & City Yeomanry</a>) still reflects that. The unit is nicknamed the <i>Devil's Own</i>, a name given by <a href="/wiki/George_III" title="George III">George III</a>, not due to ferocity in battle, but rather to his dislike of lawyers.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historic_points_of_interest">Historic points of interest</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Historic points of interest"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 18th century, Holborn was the location of the infamous <a href="/wiki/Mother_Clap" class="mw-redirect" title="Mother Clap">Mother Clap</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Molly_house" title="Molly house">molly house</a> (meeting place for homosexual men). There were 22 inns or taverns recorded in the 1860s. The <a href="/wiki/Holborn_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Holborn Empire">Holborn Empire</a>, originally <a href="/wiki/Weston%27s_Music_Hall" title="Weston's Music Hall">Weston's Music Hall</a>, stood between 1857 and 1960, when it was pulled down after structural damage sustained in <a href="/wiki/The_Blitz" title="The Blitz">the Blitz</a>. The theatre premièred one of the first full-length feature films in 1914, <i><a href="/wiki/The_World,_the_Flesh_and_the_Devil_(1914_film)" title="The World, the Flesh and the Devil (1914 film)">The World, the Flesh and the Devil</a></i>, a 50-minute <a href="/wiki/Melodrama" title="Melodrama">melodrama</a> filmed in <a href="/wiki/Kinemacolor" title="Kinemacolor">Kinemacolor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Subsequently, the area diversified and become recognisable as the modern street. A plaque stands at number 120 commemorating <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Earnshaw" title="Thomas Earnshaw">Thomas Earnshaw</a>'s invention of the <a href="/wiki/Marine_chronometer" title="Marine chronometer">Marine chronometer</a>, which facilitated long-distance travel. At the corner of Hatton Garden was the old family department store of <a href="/wiki/Gamages" title="Gamages">Gamages</a>. Until 1992, the London Weather Centre was located in the street. The Prudential insurance company relocated in 2002. The <a href="/wiki/Daily_Mirror" title="Daily Mirror">Daily Mirror</a> offices used to be directly opposite it, but the site is now occupied by <a href="/wiki/Sainsbury%27s" title="Sainsbury's">Sainsbury's</a> head office. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Pan_statue_by_Diarmuid_Byron_O%27Connor.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Peter_Pan_statue_by_Diarmuid_Byron_O%27Connor.JPG/250px-Peter_Pan_statue_by_Diarmuid_Byron_O%27Connor.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Peter_Pan_statue_by_Diarmuid_Byron_O%27Connor.JPG/330px-Peter_Pan_statue_by_Diarmuid_Byron_O%27Connor.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Peter_Pan_statue_by_Diarmuid_Byron_O%27Connor.JPG 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="542" /></a><figcaption>Peter Pan statue at <a href="/wiki/Great_Ormond_Street_Hospital" title="Great Ormond Street Hospital">Great Ormond Street Hospital</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Behind the Prudential Building lies the Anglo-Catholic church of St Alban the Martyr.<sup id="cite_ref-stalban_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stalban-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally built in 1863 by architect <a href="/wiki/William_Butterfield" title="William Butterfield">William Butterfield</a>, it was gutted during the Blitz but later reconstructed, retaining Butterfield's west front. </p><p>On <a href="/wiki/Holborn_Circus" title="Holborn Circus">Holborn Circus</a> lies the Church of <a href="/wiki/St_Andrew,_Holborn" class="mw-redirect" title="St Andrew, Holborn">St Andrew</a>, an ancient <a href="/wiki/Guild" title="Guild">Guild</a> Church that survived the <a href="/wiki/Great_Fire_of_London" title="Great Fire of London">Great Fire of London</a>. However, the parochial authority decided to commission <a href="/wiki/Sir_Christopher_Wren" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Christopher Wren">Sir Christopher Wren</a> to rebuild it. Although the nave was destroyed in the Blitz, the reconstruction was faithful to Wren's original. Just to the west of the circus, but originally sited in the middle, is a large equestrian statue of <a href="/wiki/Albert,_Prince_Consort" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert, Prince Consort">Prince Albert</a> by Charles Bacon, erected in 1874 as the city's official monument to him. It was presented by Charles Oppenheim, of the diamond trading company <a href="/wiki/De_Beers" title="De Beers">De Beers</a>, whose headquarters is in nearby Charterhouse Street. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Renaissance_Chancery_Court_Hotel1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Renaissance_Chancery_Court_Hotel1.jpg/220px-Renaissance_Chancery_Court_Hotel1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Renaissance_Chancery_Court_Hotel1.jpg/330px-Renaissance_Chancery_Court_Hotel1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Renaissance_Chancery_Court_Hotel1.jpg/440px-Renaissance_Chancery_Court_Hotel1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3437" /></a><figcaption>Former <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Group" title="Phoenix Group">Pearl Assurance Company</a> building, now the <a href="/wiki/Rosewood_London" title="Rosewood London">Rosewood London</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The district can best be described in reference to the ancient parish and the sub-divisions that succeeded it, however the area is not an administrative unit so contemporary perceptions of its extent can be vague and highly variable. In particular there are overlapping perceptions of the extent of the districts of Holborn, <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury" title="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</a> and <a href="/wiki/St_Giles,_London" title="St Giles, London">St Giles</a>. One of the many factors in this, is a tendency to conflate the <i>Holborn</i> and <i>High Holborn</i> roads with the district. </p><p>The now buried <a href="/wiki/River_Fleet" title="River Fleet">River Fleet</a> formed the historic eastern boundary of the ancient parish of Holborn, a course now marked by <a href="/wiki/Farringdon_Street" class="mw-redirect" title="Farringdon Street">Farringdon Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/Farringdon_Road" title="Farringdon Road">Farringdon Road</a> and other streets.<sup id="cite_ref-british-history.ac.uk_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-british-history.ac.uk-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The northern boundary with <a href="/wiki/St_Pancras,_London" title="St Pancras, London">St Pancras</a> was formed by a tributary of the Fleet later known as <a href="/wiki/River_Fleet#Lamb’s_Conduit" title="River Fleet">Lamb's Conduit</a>. The curving alignment of Roger Street follows part of the course of that lost brook, and marked the northern boundary of the parish and later borough.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The area extends west from Farringdon Street, for three-quarters of a mile, roughly as far as Southampton Row and <a href="/wiki/Holborn_tube_station" title="Holborn tube station">Holborn tube station</a>. The station was originally named <i>Holborn (Kingsway)</i><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as it was on the junction of those two roads. Most of the area lies north of the eponymous road, rather than to the south. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transport">Transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The nearest <a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground">London Underground</a> stations are <a href="/wiki/Chancery_Lane_tube_station" title="Chancery Lane tube station">Chancery Lane</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holborn_tube_station" title="Holborn tube station">Holborn</a>. The closest mainline railway station is <a href="/wiki/City_Thameslink_railway_station" title="City Thameslink railway station">City Thameslink</a>. </p><p>Holborn is served by bus routes 1, 8, 19, 25, 38, 55, 59, 68, 76, 91, 98, 133, 168, 171, 188, 243, 341, X68 and night routes N1, N8, N19, N38, N41, N55, N68 and N171. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nearby_areas">Nearby areas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Nearby areas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury" title="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerkenwell" title="Clerkenwell">Clerkenwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithfield,_London" title="Smithfield, London">Smithfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charing_Cross" title="Charing Cross">Charing Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soho" title="Soho">Soho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covent_Garden" title="Covent Garden">Covent Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Giles,_London" title="St Giles, London">St. Giles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piccadilly" title="Piccadilly">Piccadilly</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the early 21st century, Holborn has become the site of new offices and hotels. For example, the old neoclassical Pearl Assurance building near the junction with <a href="/wiki/Kingsway,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingsway, London">Kingsway</a> was converted into a hotel in 1999. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:142_Holborn_Bars,_London.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/142_Holborn_Bars%2C_London.jpg/250px-142_Holborn_Bars%2C_London.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/142_Holborn_Bars%2C_London.jpg/330px-142_Holborn_Bars%2C_London.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/142_Holborn_Bars%2C_London.jpg/500px-142_Holborn_Bars%2C_London.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Holborn_Bars" title="Holborn Bars">Holborn Bars</a>, built 1879–1901, headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Prudential_plc" title="Prudential plc">Prudential Assurance Company</a>, at 138–142 Holborn</figcaption></figure> <p>There has been attempts by some commercial organisations to rebrand the southern parts of the <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Camden" title="London Borough of Camden">London Borough of Camden</a> (Holborn, <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury" title="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</a> and <a href="/wiki/St_Giles,_London" title="St Giles, London">St Giles</a>; the former <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Holborn" title="Metropolitan Borough of Holborn">Metropolitan Borough of Holborn</a>) as "Midtown".<sup id="cite_ref-ftdistricts_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ftdistricts-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This area, is notionally in the very middle of London, being situated between the <a href="/wiki/Westminster" title="Westminster">Westminster</a> and <a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">the City</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but this Americanisation has been widely criticised<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (April 2022)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> and not accepted or used by Londoners.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Representation">Representation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Representation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Holborn_Town_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_668999.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Holborn_Town_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_668999.jpg/220px-Holborn_Town_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_668999.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Holborn_Town_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_668999.jpg/330px-Holborn_Town_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_668999.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Holborn_Town_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_668999.jpg/440px-Holborn_Town_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_668999.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The former <a href="/wiki/Holborn_Town_Hall" title="Holborn Town Hall">Holborn Town Hall</a>, completed 1894</figcaption></figure> <p>The MPs for the area are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a> MP, the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> Member of Parliament for <a href="/wiki/Holborn_and_St_Pancras" class="mw-redirect" title="Holborn and St Pancras">Holborn and St Pancras</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Blake" title="Rachel Blake">Rachel Blake</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> MP for the <a href="/wiki/Cities_of_London_and_Westminster_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Cities of London and Westminster (UK Parliament constituency)">Cities of London and Westminster</a>, which includes the City of London portion of Holborn.</li></ul> <p>The three ward <a href="/wiki/Councillors" class="mw-redirect" title="Councillors">councillors</a> for <a href="/wiki/Holborn_and_Covent_Garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Holborn and Covent Garden">Holborn and Covent Garden</a>, representing the <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Camden" title="London Borough of Camden">London Borough of Camden</a> part of the district are: </p> <ul><li>Cllr Julian Fulbrook, Cllr Sue Vincent and Cllr Awale Olad of the Labour Party.</li></ul> <p>Holborn is represented in the <a href="/wiki/London_Assembly" title="London Assembly">London Assembly</a> as part of <a href="/wiki/Barnet_and_Camden" class="mw-redirect" title="Barnet and Camden">Barnet and Camden</a> by: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Dismore" title="Andrew Dismore">Andrew Dismore</a>, of the Labour Party.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following is a list of notable people who were born in or are significantly connected with Holborn. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Ball_(dancer)" title="Matthew Ball (dancer)">Matthew Ball</a>, principal dancer of the Royal Ballet lives there.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barbirolli" title="John Barbirolli">John Barbirolli</a> (1899–1970), conductor, born in Southampton Row (<a href="/wiki/Blue_plaque" title="Blue plaque">blue plaque</a> on hotel his father managed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_William_Bean" title="John William Bean">John William Bean</a> (1824–1882), criminal, born in Holborn. He attempted to assassinate Queen Victoria.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chatterton" title="Thomas Chatterton">Thomas Chatterton</a> (1752–1770), poet, born in Bristol and died in a garret in Holborn at the age of 17</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Coleridge-Taylor" title="Samuel Coleridge-Taylor">Samuel Coleridge-Taylor</a> (1875–1912), composer, born at 15 Theobalds Road; acclaimed especially for <a href="/wiki/The_Song_of_Hiawatha_(Coleridge-Taylor)" title="The Song of Hiawatha (Coleridge-Taylor)"><i>The Song of Hiawatha</i></a> trilogy</li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/John_Elley" title="John Elley">John Elley</a> (1764–1839), a hero of the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>, born to the owner of an eating-house in <a href="/wiki/Furnival%27s_Inn" title="Furnival's Inn">Furnival's Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Day_(cricketer,_born_1850)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Day (cricketer, born 1850)">James Day</a> (1850–1895), cricketer, born in Holborn</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a> (1812–1870). He lived in <a href="/wiki/Doughty_Street" title="Doughty Street">Doughty Street</a>, where his house is now a museum.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupert_Farley" title="Rupert Farley">Rupert Farley</a>, actor and voice actor, born in Holborn</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naomi_Lewis" title="Naomi Lewis">Naomi Lewis</a> (1911–2009), advocate of animal rights, poet, children's author and teacher. She lived in <a href="/wiki/Red_Lion_Square" title="Red Lion Square">Red Lion Square</a> from 1935 to 2009.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Morley" title="Eric Morley">Eric Morley</a> (1918–2000), founder of the <a href="/wiki/Miss_World" title="Miss World">Miss World</a> pageant, born in Holborn</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">William Morris</a> (1845–1896), artist and socialist. He lived at 8 <a href="/wiki/Red_Lion_Square" title="Red Lion Square">Red Lion Square</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederico_Perera" title="Frederico Perera">Frederico Perera</a> (1836–1909), first-class cricketer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Perera" title="Pedro Perera">Pedro Perera</a> (1832–1915), first-class cricketer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Radcliffe" title="Ann Radcliffe">Ann Radcliffe</a> (1764–1823), novelist and pioneer of the <a href="/wiki/Gothic_novel" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic novel">Gothic novel</a>, born in Holborn</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Shaw_Jr." title="John Shaw Jr.">John Shaw Jr.</a> (1803–1870), architect, born in Holborn; praised as a designer in the "Manner of <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Wren" title="Christopher Wren">Wren</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Sheene" title="Barry Sheene">Barry Sheene</a> (1950–2003), World Champion motorcycle racer. He spent his early years in Holborn.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:J_Sainsbury_HQ_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The headquarters of Sainsbury's at Holborn Circus"><img alt="The headquarters of Sainsbury's at Holborn Circus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/J_Sainsbury_HQ_1.jpg/250px-J_Sainsbury_HQ_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/J_Sainsbury_HQ_1.jpg/500px-J_Sainsbury_HQ_1.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The headquarters of <a href="/wiki/Sainsbury%27s" title="Sainsbury's">Sainsbury's</a> at <a href="/wiki/Holborn_Circus" title="Holborn Circus">Holborn Circus</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grange_Holborn_Hotel.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grange Holborn Hotel"><img alt="Grange Holborn Hotel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Grange_Holborn_Hotel.jpg/250px-Grange_Holborn_Hotel.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Grange_Holborn_Hotel.jpg/500px-Grange_Holborn_Hotel.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Grange Holborn Hotel</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:High_Holborn_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="High Holborn"><img alt="High Holborn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/High_Holborn_1.jpg/250px-High_Holborn_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/High_Holborn_1.jpg/500px-High_Holborn_1.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/High_Holborn" title="High Holborn">High Holborn</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray%27s_Inn_entrance.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Entrance to Gray's Inn"><img alt="Entrance to Gray's Inn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Gray%27s_Inn_entrance.jpg/250px-Gray%27s_Inn_entrance.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Gray%27s_Inn_entrance.jpg/500px-Gray%27s_Inn_entrance.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Entrance to <a href="/wiki/Gray%27s_Inn" title="Gray's Inn">Gray's Inn</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Fusiliers_memorial.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Royal London Fusiliers Monument on Holborn, dedicated to those who died in World War I"><img alt="Royal London Fusiliers Monument on Holborn, dedicated to those who died in World War I" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Royal_Fusiliers_memorial.JPG/135px-Royal_Fusiliers_memorial.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Royal_Fusiliers_memorial.JPG/202px-Royal_Fusiliers_memorial.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Royal_Fusiliers_memorial.JPG/270px-Royal_Fusiliers_memorial.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="4320" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Royal_London_Fusiliers_Monument" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal London Fusiliers Monument">Royal London Fusiliers Monument</a> on Holborn, dedicated to those who died in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HEC_UK_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="HEC UK House, Parker Street"><img alt="HEC UK House, Parker Street" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/HEC_UK_House.jpg/250px-HEC_UK_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/HEC_UK_House.jpg/330px-HEC_UK_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/HEC_Paris" title="HEC Paris">HEC UK House</a>, Parker Street</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holborn_Circus" title="Holborn Circus">Holborn Circus</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster,_London_-_May_2007_icon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/20px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/40px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="427" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:London" title="Portal:London">London portal</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>a.</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562" /><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_anone"><a href="#ref_anone"><b><sup>^</sup></b></a></span> Pronunciation: The <a href="/wiki/BBC_Pronunciation_Unit" title="BBC Pronunciation Unit">BBC Pronunciation Unit</a> recommends "<a href="/wiki/Sound_correspondences_between_English_accents" title="Sound correspondences between English accents">ˈhəʊbə(r)n</a>" but allows "sometimes also <b>hohl</b>-buhrn". The organisation's less formal <i>Pronouncing British Placenames</i> notes, "You'll occasionally find towns where nobody can agree.... Holborn in central London has for many years been pronounced 'hoe-bun', but having so few local residents to preserve this, it's rapidly changing to a more natural 'hol-burn'".<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, <i>Modern British and American English pronunciation</i> (2008) cites "Holborn" as one of its examples of a common word where the "l" is silent.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The popular tourist guide <i>The Rough Guide to Britain</i> sticks to the traditional form, with neither "l" nor "r": <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ən/: 'on' in 'button'">ən</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">HOH</span>-bən</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pronunc_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pronunc-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=13688645&c=Holborn+and+Covent+Garden&d=14&e=62&g=6321731&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&o=362&m=0&r=1&s=1476970199284&enc=1">"Camden Ward population 2011"</a>. <i>Neighbourhood Statistics</i>. Office for National Statistics<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Neighbourhood+Statistics&rft.atitle=Camden+Ward+population+2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk%2Fdissemination%2FLeadKeyFigures.do%3Fa%3D7%26b%3D13688645%26c%3DHolborn%2Band%2BCovent%2BGarden%26d%3D14%26e%3D62%26g%3D6321731%26i%3D1001x1003x1032x1004%26o%3D362%26m%3D0%26r%3D1%26s%3D1476970199284%26enc%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-british-history.ac.uk-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-british-history.ac.uk_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-british-history.ac.uk_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTemple2008" class="citation web cs1">Temple, Philip (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vol47/pp22-51">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'West of Farringdon Road', in Survey of London: Volume 47, Northern Clerkenwell and Pentonville"</a>. London: British History Online. pp. <span class="nowrap">22–</span>51<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27West+of+Farringdon+Road%27%2C+in+Survey+of+London%3A+Volume+47%2C+Northern+Clerkenwell+and+Pentonville&rft.place=London&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E22-%3C%2Fspan%3E51&rft.pub=British+History+Online&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Temple&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-history.ac.uk%2Fsurvey-london%2Fvol47%2Fpp22-51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www3.camden.gov.uk/westendproject/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Project-Overview-for-website-1.pdf">"West End Project Overview"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. London Borough of Camden. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180902012223/https://www3.camden.gov.uk/westendproject/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Project-Overview-for-website-1.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=West+End+Project+Overview&rft.pub=London+Borough+of+Camden&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww3.camden.gov.uk%2Fwestendproject%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F06%2FProject-Overview-for-website-1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lda-design.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/Holborn_LDADesign_CaseStudy.pdf">"Case Study"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. London Borough of Camden. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210618054024/https://www.lda-design.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/Holborn_LDADesign_CaseStudy.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 18 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Case+Study&rft.pub=London+Borough+of+Camden&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lda-design.co.uk%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2FHolborn_LDADesign_CaseStudy.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">detail of the perambulation of the landholding described in 'Citadel of the Saxons' by Rory Naismith, p130</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lethaby-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lethaby_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lethaby_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLethaby1902" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Lethaby" title="William Lethaby">Lethaby, William</a> (1902). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/londonbeforeconq00lethrich"><i>London before the conquest</i></a>. London: Macmillan. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/londonbeforeconq00lethrich/page/60">60</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=London+before+the+conquest&rft.place=London&rft.pages=60&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1902&rft.aulast=Lethaby&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flondonbeforeconq00lethrich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Citadel of the Saxons, Rory Naismith, p130</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-besant-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-besant_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-besant_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBesantMitton,_Geraldine1903" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Besant" title="Walter Besant">Besant, Walter</a>; Mitton, Geraldine (1903). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/21411/21411-8.txt"><i>Holborn and Bloomsbury</i></a>. The Fascination of London (Project Gutenberg, 2007 ed.). London: <a href="/wiki/A_%26_C_Black" title="A & C Black">Adam and Charles Black</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Holborn+and+Bloomsbury&rft.place=London&rft.series=The+Fascination+of+London&rft.edition=Project+Gutenberg%2C+2007&rft.pub=Adam+and+Charles+Black&rft.date=1903&rft.aulast=Besant&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft.au=Mitton%2C+Geraldine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Ffiles%2F21411%2F21411-8.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStrype1720" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Strype" title="John Strype">Strype, John</a> (1720). "Rivers and other Waters serving this City". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140812203926/http://www.hrionline.ac.uk/strype/TransformServlet?page=book1_024&display=print"><i>Survey of London</i></a>. The Stuart London Project. Online edition: University of Sheffield 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hrionline.ac.uk/strype/TransformServlet?page=book1_024&display=print">the original</a> on 12 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Rivers+and+other+Waters+serving+this+City&rft.btitle=Survey+of+London&rft.series=The+Stuart+London+Project&rft.pub=Online+edition%3A+University+of+Sheffield+2007&rft.date=1720&rft.aulast=Strype&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrionline.ac.uk%2Fstrype%2FTransformServlet%3Fpage%3Dbook1_024%26display%3Dprint&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lethaby (1902:48)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">History of the Countryside by Oliver Rackham, 1986 p19 After the development of Canon Law, changes after this time became legally onerous and rare</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Process, terms and sources described in detail in "London, 800-1216". Brooke and Keir, Chapter 7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Parish of St Andrew Holborn</i> pp. 11–12 Caroline Barron London 1979</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHarben1918" class="citation book cs1">Harben, Henry (1918). <i>A Dictionary of London</i>. 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London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/726471/Things-that-go-bump-on-the-map.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Things+that+go+bump+on+the+map&rft.date=2003-01-03&rft.aulast=Vitaliev&rft.aufirst=Vitali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ftravel%2F726471%2FThings-that-go-bump-on-the-map.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHammond2006" class="citation news cs1">Hammond, Derek (28 June 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080726084958/http://www.timeout.com/london/bars/features/1614.html">"Secret London: Ye Olde Mitre Tavern"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_Out_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Out (company)">Time Out</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timeout.com/london/bars/features/1614.html">the original</a> on 26 July 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time+Out&rft.atitle=Secret+London%3A+Ye+Olde+Mitre+Tavern&rft.date=2006-06-28&rft.aulast=Hammond&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeout.com%2Flondon%2Fbars%2Ffeatures%2F1614.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-St_Etheldreda’s-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-St_Etheldreda’s_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130715075343/http://www.stetheldreda.com/index.php/history-of-st-etheldredas/">"History of the Church"</a>. <i>stetheldreda.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stetheldreda.com/index.php/history-of-st-etheldredas/">the original</a> on 15 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2017</span>. <q>It is the oldest Catholic church in England and one of only two remaining buildings in London from the reign of Edward I.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=stetheldreda.com&rft.atitle=History+of+the+Church&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stetheldreda.com%2Findex.php%2Fhistory-of-st-etheldredas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KettlerTrimble2001-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-KettlerTrimble2001_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSarah_KettlerCarole_Trimble2001" class="citation book cs1">Sarah Kettler; Carole Trimble (2001). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/amateurhistorian00kett_1"><i>The Amateur Historian's Guide to Medieval and Tudor London, 1066–1600</i></a></span>. Capital Books. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/amateurhistorian00kett_1/page/103">103</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-892123-32-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-892123-32-9"><bdi>978-1-892123-32-9</bdi></a>. <q>This is Britain's oldest Roman Catholic church, dating from the 13th century.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Amateur+Historian%27s+Guide+to+Medieval+and+Tudor+London%2C+1066%E2%80%931600&rft.pages=103&rft.pub=Capital+Books&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-892123-32-9&rft.au=Sarah+Kettler&rft.au=Carole+Trimble&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famateurhistorian00kett_1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Davies1988-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Davies1988_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_Davies1988" class="citation book cs1">Andrew Davies (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-5ckAAAAMAAJ"><i>Literary London</i></a>. Pan Macmillan. p. 112. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-333-45708-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-333-45708-5"><bdi>978-0-333-45708-5</bdi></a>. <q>In 1874 when the church was bought back by the Roman Catholics it was found to be full of 'inconceivable filth, living and dead'. St Etheldreda's is the oldest Catholic church building in Britain.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Literary+London&rft.pages=112&rft.pub=Pan+Macmillan&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-333-45708-5&rft.au=Andrew+Davies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-5ckAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTimbs1855" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Timbs" title="John Timbs">Timbs, John</a> (1855). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/curiositiesoflon00timbrich#page/428/mode/1up"><i>Curiosities of London: Exhibiting the Most Rare and Remarkable Objects of Interest in the Metropolis</i></a>. D. Bogue. p. 428.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Curiosities+of+London%3A+Exhibiting+the+Most+Rare+and+Remarkable+Objects+of+Interest+in+the+Metropolis&rft.pages=428&rft.pub=D.+Bogue&rft.date=1855&rft.aulast=Timbs&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fcuriositiesoflon00timbrich%23page%2F428%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chap. 20</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHibbert1983" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hibbert" title="Christopher Hibbert">Hibbert, Christopher</a>; et al. (1983). <i>The London Encyclopedia</i> (2010 ed.). London: MacMillan. p. 397. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4050-4925-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-4050-4925-1"><bdi>1-4050-4925-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+London+Encyclopedia&rft.place=London&rft.pages=397&rft.edition=2010&rft.pub=MacMillan&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=1-4050-4925-1&rft.aulast=Hibbert&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iccy.org.uk/iccy.html">"The Inns of Court and City Yeomanry"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Inns+of+Court+and+City+Yeomanry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iccy.org.uk%2Ficcy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0004837/"><i>The World, the Flesh and the Devil</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7775909#P345" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The full-length documentary <i><a href="/wiki/With_Our_King_and_Queen_Through_India" title="With Our King and Queen Through India">With Our King and Queen Through India</a></i>, also in Kinemacolor, premièred in February 1912, and the stencil-coloured <i><a href="/wiki/The_Miracle_(1912_film)" title="The Miracle (1912 film)">The Miracle</a></i> opened at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Opera_House,_Covent_Garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Opera House, Covent Garden">Royal Opera House, Covent Garden</a> in December 1912.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stalban-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-stalban_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stalbansholborn.org/">St Alban the Martyr</a> accessed 14 December 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The History of the River Fleet, UCL Fleet Restoration Team, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.londonreconnections.com/2017/horrible-holborn-postponement-not-option/">"Article on the history and future of Holborn tube station"</a>. 30 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Article+on+the+history+and+future+of+Holborn+tube+station&rft.date=2017-11-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.londonreconnections.com%2F2017%2Fhorrible-holborn-postponement-not-option%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ftdistricts-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ftdistricts_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBarrett2023" class="citation web cs1">Barrett, Helen (22 April 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/58c00669-f944-4234-8849-87d448049c45">"The London districts nobody knows: where are NoHo, Midtown and Brain Yard?"</a>. <i>www.ft.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230424193029/https://www.ft.com/content/58c00669-f944-4234-8849-87d448049c45">Archived</a> from the original on 24 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ft.com&rft.atitle=The+London+districts+nobody+knows%3A+where+are+NoHo%2C+Midtown+and+Brain+Yard%3F&rft.date=2023-04-22&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=Helen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F58c00669-f944-4234-8849-87d448049c45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFColvile2012" class="citation web cs1">Colvile, Robert (27 June 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120628222220/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/history/9359556/A-Midtown-inLondon-Theres-NoHo-chance.html">"A Midtown in London? There's NoHo chance"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/history/9359556/A-Midtown-inLondon-Theres-NoHo-chance.html">the original</a> on 28 June 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=A+Midtown+in+London%3F+There%27s+NoHo+chance&rft.date=2012-06-27&rft.aulast=Colvile&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fhistory%2F9359556%2FA-Midtown-inLondon-Theres-NoHo-chance.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOlausson2006" class="citation book cs1">Olausson, Lena (2006). "Holborn". <i>Oxford BBC Guide to Pronunciation, The Essential Handbook of the Spoken Word</i> (3rd ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. p. 173. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-280710-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-280710-2"><bdi>0-19-280710-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Holborn&rft.btitle=Oxford+BBC+Guide+to+Pronunciation%2C+The+Essential+Handbook+of+the+Spoken+Word&rft.place=Oxford%2C+England&rft.pages=173&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-19-280710-2&rft.aulast=Olausson&rft.aufirst=Lena&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A19773499">"Pronouncing British Placenames"</a>. BBC. 7 March 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 November</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pronouncing+British+Placenames&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2007-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fdna%2Fh2g2%2FA19773499&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDretzke2008" class="citation book cs1">Dretzke, Burkhard (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/modernbritishame00burk/page/63"><i>Modern British and American English pronunciation</i></a>. Paderborn, Germany: Ferdinand Schöningh. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/modernbritishame00burk/page/63">63</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-8252-2053-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-8252-2053-2"><bdi>978-3-8252-2053-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modern+British+and+American+English+pronunciation&rft.place=Paderborn%2C+Germany&rft.pages=63&rft.pub=Ferdinand+Sch%C3%B6ningh&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-3-8252-2053-2&rft.aulast=Dretzke&rft.aufirst=Burkhard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmodernbritishame00burk%2Fpage%2F63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pronunc-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pronunc_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRobertsMatthew_Teller2004" class="citation book cs1">Roberts, Andrew; Matthew Teller (2004). <i>The Rough Guide to Britain</i>. London: Rough Guides Ltd. p. 109. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84353-301-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-84353-301-4"><bdi>1-84353-301-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rough+Guide+to+Britain&rft.place=London&rft.pages=109&rft.pub=Rough+Guides+Ltd&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-84353-301-4&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.au=Matthew+Teller&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHolborn" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holborn&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Holborn</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Holborn" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Holborn">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/London/Holborn-Clerkenwell" class="extiw" title="voy:London/Holborn-Clerkenwell">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/21411">Holborn and Bloomsbury</a>, by Sir <a href="/wiki/Walter_Besant" title="Walter Besant">Walter Besant</a> and Geraldine Edith Mitton, 1903, from <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="London_Borough_of_Camden616" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:LB_Camden" title="Template:LB Camden"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:LB_Camden" title="Template talk:LB Camden"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:LB_Camden" title="Special:EditPage/Template:LB Camden"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="London_Borough_of_Camden616" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Camden" title="London Borough of Camden">London Borough of Camden</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_in_the_London_Borough_of_Camden" class="mw-redirect" title="List of districts in the London Borough of Camden">Districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury" title="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camden_Town" title="Camden Town">Camden Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalk_Farm" title="Chalk Farm">Chalk Farm</a> and <a href="/wiki/Haverstock" title="Haverstock">Haverstock</a> ward</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortune_Green" title="Fortune Green">Fortune Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_Oak" title="Gospel Oak">Gospel Oak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampstead" title="Hampstead">Hampstead</a> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(inc. <a href="/wiki/Belsize_Park" title="Belsize Park">Belsize Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frognal" title="Frognal">Frognal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finchley_Road" title="Finchley Road">Finchley Road</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Hampstead" title="South Hampstead">South Hampstead</a> and <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Cottage" title="Swiss Cottage">Swiss Cottage</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatton_Garden" title="Hatton Garden">Hatton Garden</a> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(inc. <a href="/wiki/Saffron_Hill" title="Saffron Hill">Saffron Hill</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentish_Town" title="Kentish Town">Kentish Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primrose_Hill_(district)" title="Primrose Hill (district)">Primrose Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_Park_Estate" title="Regent's Park Estate">Regent's Park Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Giles,_London" title="St Giles, London">St Giles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Pancras,_London" title="St Pancras, London">St Pancras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somers_Town,_London" title="Somers Town, London">Somers Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Hampstead" title="West Hampstead">West Hampstead</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Partly_in_Camden16" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Partly in Camden</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brondesbury" title="Brondesbury">Brondesbury</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kilburn,_London" title="Kilburn, London">Kilburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covent_Garden" title="Covent Garden">Covent Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricklewood" title="Cricklewood">Cricklewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_Park" title="Dartmouth Park">Dartmouth Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitzrovia" title="Fitzrovia">Fitzrovia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highgate" title="Highgate">Highgate</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Holborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kings_Cross,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Kings Cross, London">Kings Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tufnell_Park" title="Tufnell Park">Tufnell Park</a></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/St_John%27s_Wood" title="St John's Wood">St John's Wood</a> (less than 2% in Camden)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Camden.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Camden"><img alt="Coat of arms of Camden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Camden.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Camden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Camden.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Camden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Camden.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Camden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="881" data-file-height="928" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LondonCamden.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/LondonCamden.svg/100px-LondonCamden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/LondonCamden.svg/150px-LondonCamden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/LondonCamden.svg/200px-LondonCamden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="962" data-file-height="744" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Attractions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Uri_Gallery_%26_Museum" title="Ben Uri Gallery & Museum">Ben Uri Gallery & Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Theatre" title="Bloomsbury Theatre">Bloomsbury Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Library" title="British Library">British Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunswick_Centre" title="Brunswick Centre">Brunswick Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BT_Tower" title="BT Tower">BT Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camden_Arts_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Camden Arts Centre">Camden Arts Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens_Museum" title="Charles Dickens Museum">Charles Dickens Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_Theatre" title="Dominion Theatre">Dominion Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donmar_Warehouse" title="Donmar Warehouse">Donmar Warehouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenton_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Fenton House">Fenton House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundling_Museum" title="Foundling Museum">Foundling Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freud_Museum" title="Freud Museum">Freud Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highgate_Cemetery" title="Highgate Cemetery">Highgate Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keats_House" title="Keats House">Keats House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenwood_House" title="Kenwood House">Kenwood House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Museum_London" title="Jewish Museum London">The Jewish Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O2_Forum_Kentish_Town" title="O2 Forum Kentish Town">O2 Forum Kentish Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrie_Museum_of_Egyptian_Archaeology" title="Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology">Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roundhouse_(venue)" title="Roundhouse (venue)">Roundhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaftesbury_Theatre" title="Shaftesbury Theatre">Shaftesbury Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Soane%27s_Museum" title="Sir John Soane's Museum">Sir John Soane's Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellcome_Collection" title="Wellcome Collection">Wellcome Collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End_theatre" title="West End theatre">West End theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Street markets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camden_Market" title="Camden Market">Camden Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalton_Street_Market" title="Chalton Street Market">Chalton Street Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodge_Place_Market" title="Goodge Place Market">Goodge Place Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverness_Street_Market" title="Inverness Street Market">Inverness Street Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leather_Lane_Market" title="Leather Lane Market">Leather Lane Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plender_Street_Market" title="Plender Street Market">Plender Street Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Crescent_Market" title="Queen's Crescent Market">Queen's Crescent Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Cottage_Market" title="Swiss Cottage Market">Swiss Cottage Market</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parks_and_open_spaces_in_the_London_Borough_of_Camden" title="Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Camden">Parks and<br />open spaces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Nature_Reserve" title="Adelaide Nature Reserve">Adelaide Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Square" title="Bloomsbury Square">Bloomsbury Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camden_Highline" title="Camden Highline">Camden Highline</a> (proposed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampstead_Heath" title="Hampstead Heath">Hampstead Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilburn_Grange_Park" title="Kilburn Grange Park">Kilburn Grange Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln%27s_Inn_Fields" title="Lincoln's Inn Fields">Lincoln's Inn Fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Garden" title="Phoenix Garden">Phoenix Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primrose_Hill" title="Primrose Hill">Primrose Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_Park" title="Regent's Park">Regent's Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Square" title="Russell Square">Russell Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterlow_Park" title="Waterlow Park">Waterlow Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westbere_Copse" title="Westbere Copse">Westbere Copse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Camden#Politics" title="London Borough of Camden">Constituencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hampstead_and_Highgate_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hampstead and Highgate (UK Parliament constituency)">Hampstead and Highgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holborn_and_St._Pancras_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Holborn and St. Pancras (UK Parliament constituency)">Holborn and St. Pancras</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Camden#Transport" title="London Borough of Camden">Tube and<br />rail stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Belsize_Park_tube_station" title="Belsize Park tube station">Belsize Park</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_London_line" title="North London line"><img alt="North London line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Camden_Road_railway_station" title="Camden Road railway station">Camden Road</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Camden_Town_tube_station" title="Camden Town tube station">Camden Town</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Chalk_Farm_tube_station" title="Chalk Farm tube station">Chalk Farm</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Chancery_Lane_tube_station" title="Chancery Lane tube station">Chancery Lane</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Rail" title="National Rail"><img alt="National Rail" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/12px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/18px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/24px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="62" data-file-height="39" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Euston_railway_station" title="Euston railway station">Euston</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Euston_tube_station" title="Euston tube station">Euston tube</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Euston_Square_tube_station" title="Euston Square tube station">Euston Square</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Finchley_Road_tube_station" title="Finchley Road tube station">Finchley Road</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_London_line" title="North London line"><img alt="North London line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Finchley_Road_%26_Frognal_railway_station" title="Finchley Road & Frognal railway station">Finchley Road & Frognal</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Goodge_Street_tube_station" title="Goodge Street tube station">Goodge Street</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_London_line" title="North London line"><img alt="North London line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gospel_Oak_to_Barking_line" title="Gospel Oak to Barking line"><img alt="Gospel Oak to Barking line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Gospel_Oak_railway_station" title="Gospel Oak railway station">Gospel Oak</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Hampstead_tube_station" title="Hampstead tube station">Hampstead</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_London_line" title="North London line"><img alt="North London line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Hampstead_Heath_railway_station" title="Hampstead Heath railway station">Hampstead Heath</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Holborn_tube_station" title="Holborn tube station">Holborn</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kentish_Town_station" title="Kentish Town station">Kentish Town</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_London_line" title="North London line"><img alt="North London line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kentish_Town_West_railway_station" title="Kentish Town West railway station">Kentish Town West</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Watford_DC_line" title="Watford DC line"><img alt="Watford DC Line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kilburn_High_Road_railway_station" title="Kilburn High Road railway station">Kilburn High Road</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Rail" title="National Rail"><img alt="National Rail" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/12px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/18px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/24px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="62" data-file-height="39" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/London_King%27s_Cross_railway_station" title="London King's Cross railway station">King's Cross</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Cross_St_Pancras_tube_station" title="King's Cross St Pancras tube station">King's Cross St Pancras</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Mornington_Crescent_tube_station" title="Mornington Crescent tube station">Mornington Crescent</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Russell_Square_tube_station" title="Russell Square tube station">Russell Square</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Rail" title="National Rail"><img alt="National Rail" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/12px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/18px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/24px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="62" data-file-height="39" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/St_Pancras_railway_station" title="St Pancras railway station">St Pancras</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Watford_DC_line" title="Watford DC line"><img alt="Watford DC Line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/South_Hampstead_railway_station" title="South Hampstead railway station">South Hampstead</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Cottage_tube_station" title="Swiss Cottage tube station">Swiss Cottage</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tottenham_Court_Road_tube_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Tottenham Court Road tube station">Tottenham Court Road</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Warren_Street_tube_station" title="Warren Street tube station">Warren Street</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/West_Hampstead_tube_station" title="West Hampstead tube station">West Hampstead</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_London_line" title="North London line"><img alt="North London line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/West_Hampstead_railway_station" title="West Hampstead railway station">West Hampstead (Overground)</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Overground" title="London Overground"><img alt="London Overground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/West_Hampstead_Thameslink_railway_station" title="West Hampstead Thameslink railway station">West Hampstead Thameslink</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Public_libraries" class="mw-redirect" title="Public libraries">Public libraries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Cottage_Library" title="Swiss Cottage Library">Swiss Cottage Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holborn_Library" title="Holborn Library">Holborn Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancras_Square_Library" title="Pancras Square Library">Pancras Square Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camden_Town_Library" title="Camden Town Library">Camden Town Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilburn_Library" title="Kilburn Library">Kilburn Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_English_Heritage_blue_plaques_in_the_London_Borough_of_Camden" title="List of English Heritage blue plaques in the London Borough of Camden">Blue plaques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Camden" title="Coat of arms of the London Borough of Camden">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camden_London_Borough_Council" title="Camden London Borough Council">Council</a></li> <li>Listed buildings <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grade_I_listed_buildings_in_the_London_Borough_of_Camden" title="Grade I listed buildings in the London Borough of Camden">Grade I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grade_II*_listed_buildings_in_the_London_Borough_of_Camden" title="Grade II* listed buildings in the London Borough of Camden">Grade II*</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_people_from_the_London_Borough_of_Camden" title="Lists of people from the London Borough of Camden">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_art_in_the_London_Borough_of_Camden" title="List of public art in the London Borough of Camden">Public art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_the_London_Borough_of_Camden" title="List of schools in the London Borough of Camden">Schools</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:London_Borough_of_Camden" title="Category:London Borough of Camden">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:London_Borough_of_Camden" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:London Borough of Camden"><b>Commons</b></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="City_of_Westminster576" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:LB_Westminster" title="Template:LB Westminster"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:LB_Westminster" title="Template talk:LB Westminster"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:LB_Westminster" title="Special:EditPage/Template:LB Westminster"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="City_of_Westminster576" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/City_of_Westminster" title="City of Westminster">City of Westminster</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_in_the_City_of_Westminster" class="mw-redirect" title="List of districts in the City of Westminster">Districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelphi,_London" title="Adelphi, London">Adelphi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aldwych" title="Aldwych">Aldwych</a> <small>(see also <a href="/wiki/Strand,_London" title="Strand, London">Strand</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayswater" title="Bayswater">Bayswater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgravia" title="Belgravia">Belgravia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_Market" title="Clare Market">Clare Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covent_Garden" title="Covent Garden">Covent Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitzrovia" title="Fitzrovia">Fitzrovia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_London" title="Hyde Park, London">Hyde Park</a> <small>(in commercial use)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilburn,_London" title="Kilburn, London">Kilburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knightsbridge" title="Knightsbridge">Knightsbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisson_Grove" title="Lisson Grove">Lisson Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maida_Vale" title="Maida Vale">Maida Vale</a> <ul><li>including <a href="/wiki/Little_Venice" title="Little Venice">Little Venice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marylebone" title="Marylebone">Marylebone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayfair" title="Mayfair">Mayfair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millbank" title="Millbank">Millbank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddington" title="Paddington">Paddington</a> <ul><li>including <a href="/wiki/Paddington_Green,_London" title="Paddington Green, London">Paddington Green</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tyburnia" title="Tyburnia">Tyburnia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pimlico" title="Pimlico">Pimlico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Park,_London" title="Queen's Park, London">Queen's Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_James%27s" title="St James's">St James's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_John%27s_Wood" title="St John's Wood">St John's Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soho" title="Soho">Soho</a> <ul><li>including <a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_London" title="Chinatown, London">Chinatown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_London" title="Victoria, London">Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westbourne_Green" title="Westbourne Green">Westbourne Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster" title="Westminster">Westminster</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LondonWestminster.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of the City of Westminster in Greater London"><img alt="Location of the City of Westminster in Greater London" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/LondonWestminster.svg/100px-LondonWestminster.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/LondonWestminster.svg/150px-LondonWestminster.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/LondonWestminster.svg/200px-LondonWestminster.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="962" data-file-height="744" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_the_City_of_Westminster" title="List of tourist attractions in the City of Westminster">Attractions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apsley_House" title="Apsley House">Apsley House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banqueting_House" title="Banqueting House">Banqueting House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_House" title="Benjamin Franklin House">Benjamin Franklin House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Dental_Association_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="British Dental Association Museum">British Dental Association Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Optical_Association_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="British Optical Association Museum">British Optical Association Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckingham_Palace" title="Buckingham Palace">Buckingham Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_House_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada House Gallery">Canada House Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_War_Rooms" title="Churchill War Rooms">Churchill War Rooms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_House" title="Clarence House">Clarence House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtauld_Gallery" title="Courtauld Gallery">Courtauld Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_Museum" title="Crime Museum">Crime Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faraday_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Faraday Museum">Faraday Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Fleming_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Fleming Museum">Alexander Fleming Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Guards_Museum" title="The Guards Museum">The Guards Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handel_Hendrix_House" title="Handel Hendrix House">Handel Hendrix House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horse_Guards_(building)" title="Horse Guards (building)">Horse Guards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_Cavalry_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Household Cavalry Museum">Household Cavalry Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunterian_Museum,_London" title="Hunterian Museum, London">Hunterian Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Contemporary_Arts" title="Institute of Contemporary Arts">Institute of Contemporary Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennel_Club_Dog_Art_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="Kennel Club Dog Art Gallery">Kennel Club Dog Art Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Gallery" title="King's Gallery">King's Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Film_Museum" title="London Film Museum">London Film Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Transport_Museum" title="London Transport Museum">London Transport Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madame_Tussauds" title="Madame Tussauds">Madame Tussauds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mall_Galleries" class="mw-redirect" title="Mall Galleries">Mall Galleries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Gallery" title="National Gallery">National Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Westminster" title="Palace of Westminster">Palace of Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Arts" title="Royal Academy of Arts">Royal Academy of Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music_Museum" title="Royal Academy of Music Museum">Royal Academy of Music Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Mews" title="Royal Mews">Royal Mews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherlock_Holmes_Museum" title="Sherlock Holmes Museum">Sherlock Holmes Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House">Somerset House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_House,_Westminster" title="Spencer House, Westminster">Spencer House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tate_Britain" title="Tate Britain">Tate Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trafalgar_Square" title="Trafalgar Square">Trafalgar Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twinings_Museum" title="Twinings Museum">Twinings Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Temple_Place" title="Two Temple Place">Two Temple Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_Collection" title="Wallace Collection">Wallace Collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_Arch" title="Wellington Arch">Wellington Arch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End_theatre" title="West End theatre">West End theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Zoo" title="London Zoo">London Zoo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parks_and_open_spaces_in_the_City_of_Westminster" title="Parks and open spaces in the City of Westminster">Parks and open spaces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Green_Park" title="Green Park">Green Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_London" title="Hyde Park, London">Hyde Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_Gardens" title="Kensington Gardens">Kensington Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_Park" title="Regent's Park">Regent's Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_James%27s_Park" title="St James's Park">St James's Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_constituencies_in_London" title="Parliamentary constituencies in London">Constituencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_London_and_Westminster_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Cities of London and Westminster (UK Parliament constituency)">Cities of London and Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_and_Bayswater_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Kensington and Bayswater (UK Parliament constituency)">Kensington and Bayswater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Park_and_Maida_Vale_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Queen's Park and Maida Vale (UK Parliament constituency)">Queen's Park and Maida Vale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_London" title="Local government in London">Local government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_City_Council" title="Westminster City Council">Westminster City Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_City_Council_elections" title="Westminster City Council elections">Elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_Westminster_City_Council_election" title="2010 Westminster City Council election">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Westminster_City_Council_election" title="2014 Westminster City Council election">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Westminster_City_Council_election" title="2018 Westminster City Council election">2018</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Park_Community_Council" title="Queen's Park Community Council">Queen's Park Community Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_in_London" title="List of bridges in London">Bridges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_Bridge" title="Chelsea Bridge">Chelsea Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grosvenor_Bridge" title="Grosvenor Bridge">Grosvenor Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungerford_Bridge_and_Golden_Jubilee_Bridges" title="Hungerford Bridge and Golden Jubilee Bridges">Hungerford Bridge and Golden Jubilee Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambeth_Bridge" title="Lambeth Bridge">Lambeth Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Bridge" title="Vauxhall Bridge">Vauxhall Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterloo_Bridge" title="Waterloo Bridge">Waterloo Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Bridge" title="Westminster Bridge">Westminster Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/City_of_Westminster#Transport" title="City of Westminster">Rail and tube stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Baker_Street_tube_station" title="Baker Street tube station"><img alt="Baker Street tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Baker_Street_tube_station" title="Baker Street tube station"><img alt="Baker Street tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Baker_Street_tube_station" title="Baker Street tube station"><img alt="Baker Street tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/H%26c_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-H%26c_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Baker_Street_tube_station" title="Baker Street tube station"><img alt="Baker Street tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Baker_Street_tube_station" title="Baker Street tube station"><img alt="Baker Street tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Baker_Street_tube_station" title="Baker Street tube station">Baker Street</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bayswater_tube_station" title="Bayswater tube station"><img alt="Bayswater tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bayswater_tube_station" title="Bayswater tube station"><img alt="Bayswater tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bayswater_tube_station" title="Bayswater tube station">Bayswater</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bond_Street_station" title="Bond Street station"><img alt="Bond Street station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Central_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Central_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bond_Street_station" title="Bond Street station"><img alt="Bond Street station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bond_Street_station" title="Bond Street station"><img alt="Bond Street station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bond_Street_station" title="Bond Street station">Bond Street</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Charing_Cross_railway_station" title="Charing Cross railway station"><img alt="Charing Cross railway station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/12px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/18px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/24px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="62" data-file-height="39" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Charing_Cross_railway_station" title="Charing Cross railway station">Charing Cross</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Charing_Cross_tube_station" title="Charing Cross tube station"><img alt="Charing Cross tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Charing_Cross_tube_station" title="Charing Cross tube station"><img alt="Charing Cross tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Northern_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Northern_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Charing_Cross_tube_station" title="Charing Cross tube station">Charing Cross</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Edgware_Road_tube_station_(Bakerloo_line)" title="Edgware Road tube station (Bakerloo line)"><img alt="Edgware Road tube station (Bakerloo line)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Edgware_Road_tube_station_(Bakerloo_line)" title="Edgware Road tube station (Bakerloo line)">Edgware Road</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Edgware_Road_tube_station_(Circle,_District_and_Hammersmith_%26_City_lines)" title="Edgware Road tube station (Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines)"><img alt="Edgware Road tube station (Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Edgware_Road_tube_station_(Circle,_District_and_Hammersmith_%26_City_lines)" title="Edgware Road tube station (Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines)"><img alt="Edgware Road tube station (Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Edgware_Road_tube_station_(Circle,_District_and_Hammersmith_%26_City_lines)" title="Edgware Road tube station (Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines)"><img alt="Edgware Road tube station (Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/H%26c_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-H%26c_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Edgware_Road_tube_station_(Circle,_District_and_Hammersmith_%26_City_lines)" title="Edgware Road tube station (Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines)">Edgware Road</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Embankment_tube_station" title="Embankment tube station"><img alt="Embankment tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Embankment_tube_station" title="Embankment tube station"><img alt="Embankment tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Embankment_tube_station" title="Embankment tube station"><img alt="Embankment tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Embankment_tube_station" title="Embankment tube station"><img alt="Embankment tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Northern_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Northern_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Embankment_tube_station" title="Embankment tube station">Embankment</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Great_Portland_Street_tube_station" title="Great Portland Street tube station"><img alt="Great Portland Street tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Great_Portland_Street_tube_station" title="Great Portland Street tube station"><img alt="Great Portland Street tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/H%26c_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-H%26c_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Great_Portland_Street_tube_station" title="Great Portland Street tube station"><img alt="Great Portland Street tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Great_Portland_Street_tube_station" title="Great Portland Street tube station">Great Portland Street</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Green_Park_tube_station" title="Green Park tube station"><img alt="Green Park tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Green_Park_tube_station" title="Green Park tube station"><img alt="Green Park tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Piccadilly_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Piccadilly_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Green_Park_tube_station" title="Green Park tube station"><img alt="Green Park tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Green_Park_tube_station" title="Green Park tube station">Green Park</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park_Corner_tube_station" title="Hyde Park Corner tube station"><img alt="Hyde Park Corner tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Piccadilly_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Piccadilly_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park_Corner_tube_station" title="Hyde Park Corner tube station">Hyde Park Corner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Gate_tube_station" title="Lancaster Gate tube station"><img alt="Lancaster Gate tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Central_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Central_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Gate_tube_station" title="Lancaster Gate tube station">Lancaster Gate</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Leicester_Square_tube_station" title="Leicester Square tube station"><img alt="Leicester Square tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Northern_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Northern_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Leicester_Square_tube_station" title="Leicester Square tube station"><img alt="Leicester Square tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Piccadilly_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Piccadilly_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Leicester_Square_tube_station" title="Leicester Square tube station">Leicester Square</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Maida_Vale_tube_station" title="Maida Vale tube station"><img alt="Maida Vale tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Maida_Vale_tube_station" title="Maida Vale tube station">Maida Vale</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Marble_Arch_tube_station" title="Marble Arch tube station"><img alt="Marble Arch tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Central_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Central_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Marble_Arch_tube_station" title="Marble Arch tube station">Marble Arch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Marylebone_station" title="Marylebone station"><img alt="Marylebone station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/12px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/18px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/24px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="62" data-file-height="39" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Marylebone_tube_station" title="Marylebone tube station"><img alt="Marylebone tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Marylebone_station" title="Marylebone station">Marylebone</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Circus_tube_station" title="Oxford Circus tube station"><img alt="Oxford Circus tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Circus_tube_station" title="Oxford Circus tube station"><img alt="Oxford Circus tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Central_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Central_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Circus_tube_station" title="Oxford Circus tube station"><img alt="Oxford Circus tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Circus_tube_station" title="Oxford Circus tube station">Oxford Circus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Paddington_station" title="London Paddington station"><img alt="London Paddington station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/12px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/18px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/24px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="62" data-file-height="39" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/London_Paddington_station" title="London Paddington station">Paddington</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Paddington_tube_station_(Bakerloo,_Circle_and_District_lines)" title="Paddington tube station (Bakerloo, Circle and District lines)"><img alt="Paddington tube station (Bakerloo, Circle and District lines)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Paddington_tube_station_(Bakerloo,_Circle_and_District_lines)" title="Paddington tube station (Bakerloo, Circle and District lines)"><img alt="Paddington tube station (Bakerloo, Circle and District lines)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Paddington_tube_station_(Bakerloo,_Circle_and_District_lines)" title="Paddington tube station (Bakerloo, Circle and District lines)"><img alt="Paddington tube station (Bakerloo, Circle and District lines)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Paddington_tube_station_(Bakerloo,_Circle_and_District_lines)" title="Paddington tube station (Bakerloo, Circle and District lines)">Paddington</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Paddington_tube_station_(Circle_and_Hammersmith_%26_City_lines)" title="Paddington tube station (Circle and Hammersmith & City lines)"><img alt="Paddington tube station (Circle and Hammersmith & City lines)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Paddington_tube_station_(Bakerloo,_Circle_and_District_lines)" title="Paddington tube station (Bakerloo, Circle and District lines)"><img alt="Paddington tube station (Bakerloo, Circle and District lines)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/H%26c_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-H%26c_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Paddington_tube_station_(Circle_and_Hammersmith_%26_City_lines)" title="Paddington tube station (Circle and Hammersmith & City lines)">Paddington</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Piccadilly_Circus_tube_station" title="Piccadilly Circus tube station"><img alt="Piccadilly Circus tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Piccadilly_Circus_tube_station" title="Piccadilly Circus tube station"><img alt="Piccadilly Circus tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Piccadilly_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Piccadilly_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Piccadilly_Circus_tube_station" title="Piccadilly Circus tube station">Piccadilly Circus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Pimlico_tube_station" title="Pimlico tube station"><img alt="Pimlico tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Pimlico_tube_station" title="Pimlico tube station">Pimlico</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Queensway_tube_station" title="Queensway tube station"><img alt="Queensway tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Central_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Central_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Queensway_tube_station" title="Queensway tube station">Queensway</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_Park_tube_station" title="Regent's Park tube station"><img alt="Regent's Park tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_Park_tube_station" title="Regent's Park tube station">Regent's Park</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Oak_tube_station" title="Royal Oak tube station"><img alt="Royal Oak tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Oak_tube_station" title="Royal Oak tube station"><img alt="Royal Oak tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/H%26c_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-H%26c_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Oak_tube_station" title="Royal Oak tube station"><img alt="Royal Oak tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Metropolitan_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Oak_tube_station" title="Royal Oak tube station">Royal Oak</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/St_James%27s_Park_tube_station" title="St James's Park tube station"><img alt="St James's Park tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/St_James%27s_Park_tube_station" title="St James's Park tube station"><img alt="St James's Park tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/St_James%27s_Park_tube_station" title="St James's Park tube station">St James's Park</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/St_John%27s_Wood_tube_station" title="St John's Wood tube station"><img alt="St John's Wood tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/St_John%27s_Wood_tube_station" title="St John's Wood tube station">St John's Wood</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Temple_tube_station" title="Temple tube station"><img alt="Temple tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Temple_tube_station" title="Temple tube station"><img alt="Temple tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Temple_tube_station" title="Temple tube station">Temple</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tottenham_Court_Road_station" title="Tottenham Court Road station"><img alt="Tottenham Court Road station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Central_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Central_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tottenham_Court_Road_station" title="Tottenham Court Road station"><img alt="Tottenham Court Road station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Northern_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Northern_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tottenham_Court_Road_station" title="Tottenham Court Road station"><img alt="Tottenham Court Road station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tottenham_Court_Road_station" title="Tottenham Court Road station">Tottenham Court Road</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Victoria_station" title="London Victoria station"><img alt="London Victoria station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/12px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/18px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/24px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="62" data-file-height="39" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Victoria_station#Circle_and_District_lines" title="London Victoria station"><img alt="London Victoria station#Circle and District lines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Victoria_station#Circle_and_District_lines" title="London Victoria station"><img alt="London Victoria station#Circle and District lines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Victoria_station#Victoria_line" title="London Victoria station"><img alt="London Victoria station#Victoria line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Victoria_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/London_Victoria_station" title="London Victoria station">Victoria</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Warwick_Avenue_tube_station" title="Warwick Avenue tube station"><img alt="Warwick Avenue tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Bakerloo_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Warwick_Avenue_tube_station" title="Warwick Avenue tube station">Warwick Avenue</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Westbourne_Park_tube_station" title="Westbourne Park tube station"><img alt="Westbourne Park tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Westbourne_Park_tube_station" title="Westbourne Park tube station"><img alt="Westbourne Park tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/H%26c_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-H%26c_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Westbourne_Park_tube_station" title="Westbourne Park tube station">Westbourne Park</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Westminster_tube_station" title="Westminster tube station"><img alt="Westminster tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Circle_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Westminster_tube_station" title="Westminster tube station"><img alt="Westminster tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-District_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Westminster_tube_station" title="Westminster tube station"><img alt="Westminster tube station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Jubilee_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Westminster_tube_station" title="Westminster tube station">Westminster</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art and architecture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grade_I_listed_buildings_in_the_City_of_Westminster" title="Grade I listed buildings in the City of Westminster">Grade I listed buildings</a></li> <li>Grade II* listed buildings <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grade_II*_listed_buildings_in_the_City_of_Westminster_(1%E2%80%939)" title="Grade II* listed buildings in the City of Westminster (1–9)">1–9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grade_II*_listed_buildings_in_the_City_of_Westminster_(A%E2%80%93Z)" title="Grade II* listed buildings in the City of Westminster (A–Z)">A–Z</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_art_in_the_City_of_Westminster" title="List of public art in the City of Westminster">Public art</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_English_Heritage_blue_plaques_in_the_City_of_Westminster" title="List of English Heritage blue plaques in the City of Westminster">Blue plaques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_the_City_of_Westminster" title="List of people from the City of Westminster">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_the_City_of_Westminster" title="List of schools in the City of Westminster">Schools</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:City_of_Westminster" title="Category:City of Westminster">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Areas_of_London149" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Areas_of_London" title="Template:Areas of London"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Areas_of_London" title="Template talk:Areas of London"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Areas_of_London" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Areas of London"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Areas_of_London149" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_of_London" title="List of areas of London">Areas of London</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_London" title="Central London">Central activities zone</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury" title="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wards_of_the_City_of_London" title="Wards of the City of London">City of London wards</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Holborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marylebone" title="Marylebone">Marylebone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayfair" title="Mayfair">Mayfair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddington" title="Paddington">Paddington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pimlico" title="Pimlico">Pimlico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soho" title="Soho">Soho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwark" title="Southwark">Southwark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vauxhall" title="Vauxhall">Vauxhall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterloo,_London" title="Waterloo, London">Waterloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster" title="Westminster">Westminster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Town centre<br />network</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Knightsbridge" title="Knightsbridge">Knightsbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End_of_London" title="West End of London">West End</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metropolitan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bromley" title="Bromley">Bromley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croydon" title="Croydon">Croydon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ealing" title="Ealing">Ealing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow,_London" title="Harrow, London">Harrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hounslow" title="Hounslow">Hounslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilford" title="Ilford">Ilford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston_upon_Thames" title="Kingston upon Thames">Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romford" title="Romford">Romford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepherd%27s_Bush" title="Shepherd's Bush">Shepherd's Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratford,_London" title="Stratford, London">Stratford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutton,_London" title="Sutton, London">Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uxbridge" title="Uxbridge">Uxbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_Green" title="Wood Green">Wood Green</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel,_London" title="Angel, London">Angel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barking,_London" title="Barking, London">Barking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayswater" title="Bayswater">Bayswater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bexleyheath" title="Bexleyheath">Bexleyheath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brixton" title="Brixton">Brixton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camden_Town" title="Camden Town">Camden Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Wharf" title="Canary Wharf">Canary Wharf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catford" title="Catford">Catford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick" title="Chiswick">Chiswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clapham_Junction_railway_station" title="Clapham Junction railway station">Clapham Junction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalston" title="Dalston">Dalston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Ham" title="East Ham">East Ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgware" title="Edgware">Edgware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eltham" title="Eltham">Eltham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enfield_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Enfield Town">Enfield Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulham" title="Fulham">Fulham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammersmith" title="Hammersmith">Hammersmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nag%27s_Head,_London" title="Nag's Head, London">Holloway Nags Head</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_High_Street" title="Kensington High Street">Kensington High Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilburn,_London" title="Kilburn, London">Kilburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Road" title="King's Road">King's Road East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewisham" title="Lewisham">Lewisham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpington" title="Orpington">Orpington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peckham" title="Peckham">Peckham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putney" title="Putney">Putney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_London" title="Richmond, London">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southall" title="Southall">Southall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streatham" title="Streatham">Streatham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooting" title="Tooting">Tooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walthamstow" title="Walthamstow">Walthamstow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wandsworth" title="Wandsworth">Wandsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wembley" title="Wembley">Wembley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wimbledon,_London" title="Wimbledon, London">Wimbledon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woolwich" title="Woolwich">Woolwich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts<br /><span style="font-weight:normal">(principal)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acton,_London" title="Acton, London">Acton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beckenham" title="Beckenham">Beckenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgravia" title="Belgravia">Belgravia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethnal_Green" title="Bethnal Green">Bethnal Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brentford" title="Brentford">Brentford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camberwell" title="Camberwell">Camberwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Water" title="Canada Water">Canada Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carshalton" title="Carshalton">Carshalton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadwell_Heath" title="Chadwell Heath">Chadwell Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chingford" title="Chingford">Chingford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clapham" title="Clapham">Clapham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Palace,_London" title="Crystal Palace, London">Crystal Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coulsdon" title="Coulsdon">Coulsdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricklewood" title="Cricklewood">Cricklewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagenham" title="Dagenham">Dagenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deptford" title="Deptford">Deptford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulwich" title="Dulwich">Dulwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmonton,_London" title="Edmonton, London">Edmonton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant_and_Castle" title="Elephant and Castle">Elephant and Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erith" title="Erith">Erith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feltham" title="Feltham">Feltham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finchley" title="Finchley">Finchley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Gate" title="Forest Gate">Forest Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Hill,_London" title="Forest Hill, London">Forest Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golders_Green" title="Golders Green">Golders Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwich" title="Greenwich">Greenwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlesden" title="Harlesden">Harlesden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampstead" title="Hampstead">Hampstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harringay" title="Harringay">Harringay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayes,_Hillingdon" title="Hayes, Hillingdon">Hayes (Hillingdon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendon" title="Hendon">Hendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornchurch" title="Hornchurch">Hornchurch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentish_Town" title="Kentish Town">Kentish Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyton" title="Leyton">Leyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mill_Hill" title="Mill Hill">Mill Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitcham" title="Mitcham">Mitcham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morden" title="Morden">Morden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muswell_Hill" title="Muswell Hill">Muswell Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Cross" title="New Cross">New Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Malden" title="New Malden">New Malden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwood,_London" title="Northwood, London">Northwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notting_Hill" title="Notting Hill">Notting Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penge" title="Penge">Penge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinner" title="Pinner">Pinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purley,_London" title="Purley, London">Purley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruislip" title="Ruislip">Ruislip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidcup" title="Sidcup">Sidcup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southgate,_London" title="Southgate, London">Southgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Norwood" title="South Norwood">South Norwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanmore" title="Stanmore">Stanmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoke_Newington" title="Stoke Newington">Stoke Newington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surbiton" title="Surbiton">Surbiton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydenham,_London" title="Sydenham, London">Sydenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teddington" title="Teddington">Teddington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thamesmead" title="Thamesmead">Thamesmead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolworth" title="Tolworth">Tolworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulse_Hill" title="Tulse Hill">Tulse Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twickenham" title="Twickenham">Twickenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upminster" title="Upminster">Upminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Norwood" title="Upper Norwood">Upper Norwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanstead" title="Wanstead">Wanstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wealdstone" title="Wealdstone">Wealdstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welling" title="Welling">Welling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Ham" title="West Ham">West Ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Hampstead" title="West Hampstead">West Hampstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Norwood" title="West Norwood">West Norwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel">Whitechapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willesden" title="Willesden">Willesden Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodford,_London" title="Woodford, London">Woodford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neighbourhoods<br /><span style="font-weight:normal">(principal)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbey_Wood" title="Abbey Wood">Abbey Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alperton" title="Alperton">Alperton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anerley" title="Anerley">Anerley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archway,_London" title="Archway, London">Archway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnes,_London" title="Barnes, London">Barnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnsbury" title="Barnsbury">Barnsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battersea" title="Battersea">Battersea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beckton" title="Beckton">Beckton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermondsey" title="Bermondsey">Bermondsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow,_London" title="Bow, London">Bow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brent_Cross" title="Brent Cross">Brent Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brockley" title="Brockley">Brockley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canonbury" title="Canonbury">Canonbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlton,_London" title="Charlton, London">Charlton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea,_London" title="Chelsea, London">Chelsea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chessington" title="Chessington">Chessington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipping_Barnet" title="Chipping Barnet">Chipping Barnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chislehurst" title="Chislehurst">Chislehurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerkenwell" title="Clerkenwell">Clerkenwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmers_End" title="Elmers End">Elmers End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gidea_Park" title="Gidea Park">Gidea Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenford" title="Greenford">Greenford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnersbury" title="Gunnersbury">Gunnersbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hackbridge" title="Hackbridge">Hackbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hackney_Central" title="Hackney Central">Hackney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ham,_London" title="Ham, London">Ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampton,_London" title="Hampton, London">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanwell" title="Hanwell">Hanwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanworth" title="Hanworth">Hanworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wood" title="Harold Wood">Harold Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highams_Park" title="Highams Park">Highams Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highbury" title="Highbury">Highbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highgate" title="Highgate">Highgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillingdon" 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